WO2007135097A1

WO2007135097A1 - Hot melt binder based on asphalt or bitumen with low production temperature

Info

Publication number: WO2007135097A1
Application number: PCT/EP2007/054833
Authority: WO
Inventors: Alain Sauget; Thomas Gianetti; Virginie Darraillan; Sébastien FER
Original assignee: Eurovia
Priority date: 2006-05-19
Filing date: 2007-05-18
Publication date: 2007-11-29
Also published as: FR2901279A1; FR2901279B1

Abstract

This invention relates to a hot melt binder based on asphalt or bitumen comprising at least two additives to lower the production temperature of the asphaltic product below the production temperature of the basic product, the first additive being a macromolecular compound and the second additive being a fatty acid derivative, a fatty acid diester and/or a fatty acid ether. This invention also relates to methods of preparation of an asphaltic product or bituminous chippings, in which the mix temperature is lower. Finally, this invention relates to an asphaltic product or bituminous chippings comprising a hot melt binder according to the invention. The invention also relates to the use of at least one of these additives to lower the production temperature and/or the application temperature of an asphaltic or bituminous product.

Description

Hot melt binder based on asphalt or bitumen at lower production temperature

The present invention relates to a hot-melt binder based on natural asphalt or bitumen, for asphaltic or bituminous product, which comprises at least two additives capable of lowering the temperature of manufacture and implementation of the asphalt. The asphaltic or bituminous product can thus be manufactured and implemented at significantly lower temperatures while maintaining the properties required for its applications. The invention also relates to the use of at least one additive to lower the temperature of manufacture and implementation of the asphalt.

By "asphaltic product" in the present invention is meant a hot-pourable mixture of bituminous hot melt binder with a mineral filler. An asphalt product does not need to be compacted with the roller when it is put in place. For this, it must be easy to sink and spread. In the present invention, the term "bituminous product" is intended to mean a hot-pourable mixture of bituminous heat-fusible binder with aggregates and optionally with a mineral filler.

Mineral fillers consist of elements less than 0.063 mm and possibly aggregates from recycled materials, sand whose elements are between 0.063 mm and 2 mm and possibly chippings, the elements of which have dimensions greater than 2 mm and optionally aluminosilicates.

Alumino-silicates are inorganic compounds based on aluminum and sodium silicates or other metals such as potassium or calcium. Alumino-silicates make it possible to reduce the viscosity of the heat-fusible binder; they are in the form of powder and / or aggregates.

The term "granulate (s)" refers to mineral and / or synthetic aggregates, including asphalt aggregates, which are conventionally introduced into bituminous binders to make mixtures of road building materials.

The preparation of an asphalt product (such as poured asphalt) or a bituminous product comprises mixing the binder and fillers or aggregates at a temperature, called the manufacturing temperature, and then pouring the mixture into a temperature of implementation, followed by cooling. High temperatures of manufacture and implementation represent a high energy expenditure and simultaneously an environmental pollution due to undesirable gaseous effluents. High temperature ranges of manufacturing and implementation induce, for certain types of bitumens, decompositions that give off blue fumes.

Thus, it seeks to lower the temperature of manufacture and implementation of asphaltic or bituminous products.

Solutions for lowering the manufacturing temperature of asphaltic products have already been proposed. Thus the patent application FR 2 855 523 proposes the addition of a hydrocarbon wax whose melting point is greater than 85 ° C. and of a second additive which is a fatty acid ester wax, this wax being of synthetic, plant or plant origin and having a melting point of less than 85 ^° C. (melting points measured according to ASTM D3945 and D3418). Examples of fatty acid esters are esters of montanic acid (or esters of octasonoid acid), acid of formula C ₂ SH ₅₆ O ₂ , or esters of lignoceric acid (or tetracosanoic acid ester) acid of formula C24H48O2.

However, it is also necessary for the asphalt product to retain the other characteristics of a conventional asphalt product, in particular the required indentation and shrinkage values. The indentation values are measured according to standard NF EN 12697-21. The penetration in tenths of a millimeter of a punch into the asphalt product is measured for a given time and temperature. The indentation values make it possible to characterize the hardness of the mastic asphalt. According to the Specifications of the French Asphalt Board, the asphaltic or bituminous product must have an indentation value, measured at 40 ^° C., of between 15 and 35-45 tenths of a millimeter, depending on the intended application. (Asphalt for sidewalk or pavement asphalt for example). Sealing asphalts must have indentation values in accordance with the specifications of standard NF EN 12970.

In addition, it is also necessary that the asphalt or bituminous product does not have excessive free shrinkage values. Free shrinkage (measured in millimeters) corresponds to a decrease in volume accompanying the setting and hardening of the asphaltic or bituminous product and induced by the cooling of the asphaltic or bituminous product. A significant free withdrawal leads to disorders detrimental to the durability of the asphalt or bituminous product. Excessive shrinkage may degrade mechanical properties and affect the watertightness of the asphalt or bituminous product.

The object of the invention is therefore to provide a binder that can be manufactured and used at a lower temperature while preserving efficient properties for the asphaltic or bituminous product obtained.

For this purpose, the subject of the invention is a hot melt binder based on asphalt or bitumen, for asphaltic or bituminous product, comprising at least two additives for lowering the temperature of manufacture and use of the asphaltic or bituminous product by compared to that of the basic product, characterized in that - a first additive is at least one macro-molecular compound, which is in the liquid state at the usual temperatures for use of the asphaltic or bituminous product, and

a second additive is a fatty acid derivative selected from the group consisting of fatty acid diesters, fatty acid ethers and mixtures thereof. Said additives make it possible to reduce the viscosity of the asphaltic or bituminous product and thus to reduce the temperature of manufacture and then of implementation.

Asphalt can be of natural origin or synthetic origin. The bitumen may be a natural bitumen or a bitumen of petroleum origin, possibly modified by addition of polymers. Asphalt and bitumen can come from recycling products (asphalt aggregates, asphalt aggregates).

The heat-fusible binder advantageously contains 1 to 20% by weight of said macro-molecular compound relative to the total mass of the binder. The content in the fatty acid derivative binder is, for its part, advantageously from 1 to 15% by weight of said fatty acid derivative relative to the total mass of the binder. The relative contents of the two additives are linked, the binder preferably containing 5 to 15% by weight of the group formed by said macromolecular compound and said fatty acid derivative, based on the total weight of the binder.

The expression "macromolecular compound" refers to fatty substances of vegetable, mineral or synthetic origin. This macromolecular compound must be liquid at the temperatures of manufacture and implementation of the asphaltic or bituminous product and advantageously solid at the service temperatures of the asphalt product, that is to say at the temperatures reached by the asphaltic or bituminous product when applied when it is subject to ambient conditions. Service temperatures can generally range from -20 ^° C to 60 ^° C in temperate climate countries. Without additive fluidifying the asphaltic or bituminous product and / or improving its workability, the asphaltic or bituminous product is usually manufactured and used at a temperature ranging from 200 ⁰ C to 270 ⁰ C for cast asphalts or ranging from 150 ⁰ C to 200 ⁰ C for the mixes.

The macromolecular compound alone already allows to lower the temperature of manufacture and implementation of the asphalt or bituminous product. When it is indicated that it is in the liquid state, it means that it is either already liquid or is in an intermediate state of transition to the liquid state. The macro-molecular compound is thus characterized by its softening point (determined according to the EN 1427 standard, by analogy) or its melting point, which is lower than the usual manufacturing and processing temperatures of the asphaltic or bituminous product.

The melting point corresponds to the characteristic temperature of the transition from the crystalline phase of the macromolecular compound from the solid state to the liquid state. The softening point corresponds to the characteristic temperature of the beginning of the fall of the mechanical properties by the transition to the liquid state during a rise in temperature. The macromolecular compound can either have a defined melting point (free melting point) or have a fairly wide softening zone, gradually passing from the solid state to the liquid state when its temperature rises.

According to a first advantageous variant of the invention, the macro-molecular compound is a natural or modified natural resin of plant origin. The resin makes it possible to improve the workability of the asphaltic or bituminous product by increasing its richness modulus. In addition, the resin gives the service temperatures good dimensional stability. The asphaltic or bituminous product therefore has good resistance under static or dynamic load. The majority of natural or natural modified resins of plant origin have no determined melting point but have a softening zone. These are non-crystalline compounds. The resin advantageously has a softening point of less than 130 ^° C., still more preferably less than 120 ^° C. and more advantageously greater than 65 ° C. The heat-fusible binder, according to the first variant, advantageously contains 1 to

20% by weight of said resin of vegetable origin relative to the total mass of the binder.

The plant-based resin advantageously contains abietic acid or its derivatives, in particular dehydroabietic acid, neoabietic acid, palustric acid, pimaric acid, levopimaric acid and isopimaric acid. The plant-based resin is advantageously chosen from the group consisting of natural or modified natural rosins, rosin esters, rosin soaps, terpenes, tall oil, dammar, and augmented resins. The resin of plant origin is more particularly a rosin resin, for example glycerol ester of maleic rosin. According to a second advantageous variant of the invention, the macro-molecular compound is a microcrystalline wax such as a hydrocarbon wax, in particular a long-chain hydrocarbon wax.

A hydrocarbon wax refers to saturated polymeric hydrocarbons, preferably having more than 20 carbon atoms, more preferably more than 40 carbon atoms.

The microcrystalline wax makes it possible to thin the asphaltic or bituminous product. In addition, microcrystalline wax gives service temperatures good dimensional stability.

The majority of hydrocarbon waxes have a definite melting point (franc). The hydrocarbon wax advantageously has a melting point below 150 ^° C., more advantageously below 130 ^° C. and more advantageously above 60 ^° C. The thermofusible binder, according to the second variant, advantageously contains 1 to 15% by weight of said hydrocarbon wax with respect to the total mass of the binder.

The hydrocarbon wax is advantageously a polymer of polyethylene or polyolefin, especially polyethylene, polypropylene or ethylene-propylene copolymer.

The hydrocarbon wax may be of low to high molecular weight. A high molecular weight is, for example, a molecular weight of between 10,000 and 20,000 g / mol, especially a molecular weight of between 12,000 and 15,000 g / mol. A low molecular weight is a molecular weight greater than 300 g / mol and less than 6000 g / mol, more generally between 400 g / mol and 6000 g / mol, in the case of polyethylene-based hydrocarbon wax. or also hydrocarbon wax obtained by the Fischer Tropsch synthesis.

According to a third advantageous variant of the invention, the first additive comprises two macro-molecular compounds, one being non-crystalline (natural or modified natural resin of plant origin as defined above), the other being a microcrystalline wax (wax hydrocarbon as defined above).

The heat fusible binder further comprises a second additive which is a fatty acid derivative selected from the group consisting of fatty acid diesters, fatty acid ethers and mixtures thereof.

This second additive makes it possible to lower even more the temperature of manufacture and implementation of the asphaltic or bituminous product.

In addition, the addition of this second additive makes it possible to maintain the good mechanical properties of the asphaltic or bituminous product, in particular standards-compliant indentation values, low free shrinkage values and a good Young's modulus. The low values of free shrinkage lead to an asphaltic or bituminous product whose mechanical properties are satisfactory as well as the durability of its sealing. The aesthetic aspect is also improved.

Moreover, the addition of this second additive may also make it possible to reduce the content of heat-fusible binder in the asphaltic or bituminous product. A product derived from the reaction of two alcohols and a dicarboxylic acid is called a diester.

The fatty acid diester is preferably a diester of plant, synthetic, animal or plant fossil origin, the number of carbon atoms of which is between 20 and 56 and preferably between 26 and 48. The fatty acid diester advantageously has a melting point greater than or equal to 70 ^° C.

The diesters resulting from the reaction of two fatty alcohols and fumaric acid are preferred. Said fatty alcohols advantageously comprise 18 to 22 carbon atoms. As an example of a diester of fumaric acid, mention may be made of behenyl fumarate. A compound is called ether in which an oxygen atom is linked by single bond to two identical or different organic groups.

The fatty acid ether is preferably a fatty acid ether of plant, synthetic, animal or plant origin having a fossil carbon number between 20 and 50, preferably between 30 and 40. The fatty acid ether advantageously has a melting point greater than or equal to 60 ^° C.

An example of a preferred fatty acid ether is distearyl ether (C ₁₈ H ₃₇ OC ₁₈ H ₃₇ ).

The hot melt binder according to the invention may also comprise other additives for lowering the manufacturing temperature, the processing temperature and / or for improving the mixing conditions and the workability. In particular, the heat-fusible binder may comprise a zeolite, natural and / or synthetic, or its initial amorphous synthesis phase.

The zeolite is able to release under the action of heat (that is to say at a temperature above 110 ⁰ C) water molecules that are between the layers or interstices of its crystal lattice. The release of this physically trapped water, called "zeolite water", allows to lower the temperature of manufacture and implementation and especially to improve the mixing conditions and the handling of the mixture. The zeolite can be introduced in pulverulent form (diameter of about 10 μm) or in the form of granules, said granules comprising zeolite fine particles aggregated by means of a binder or a glue (derived from cellulose, in particular carboxymethylcellulose), said fine particles having a mean diameter of between 2 μm and 4 μm. It is preferred to introduce the zeolite in the form of granules, which allows, in addition to easier handling (better handling, reduced dust formation, better fluidity, no cooking), an improved and faster distribution of the zeolite during the manufacture of the zeolite. asphaltic product.

The zeolite used is a fibrous zeolite, a lamellar zeolite and / or a cubic zeolite. The zeolite used may belong to the group of saujasites, chabasites, phillipstes, clilioptilolites, and / or paulingites.

Compared with zeolites from natural sources, artificial zeolites often have the advantage of having homogeneity and consistent quality, which is advantageous especially for the fineness required. Thus, the zeolite used is advantageously a synthetic zeolite of the type A, P, X and / or Y. Preferably, use will be made of a zeolite granulate of type A, especially of the formula

Nai ₂ (A10 ₂ ) i ₂ (Si0 ₂ ) i ₂ , 27 H ₂ O where Na ₂ O is 18%, Al ₂ O _{3 is} 28%, SiO _{2 is} 33% and H ₂ O is 21%.

The binder may advantageously comprise 0.1 to 2 phr of zeolite.

The zeolite can be added during the preparation of the binder before its transport (in manufacturing units that mix, heat, knead all the basic elements) in load-bearing trucks, kneaders or at the last moment, before casting of the asphaltic product, a once the trucks arrived at the sites.

The heat-fusible binder may also comprise an elastomer or a plastomer, in particular a styrene-butadiene-styrene copolymer, styrene-butadiene copolymer or styrene-isoprene-styrene copolymer, or in particular an ethylene-copolymer copolymer. The hot melt binder may also comprise surfactants, lime, aluminosilicates and other additives conventionally introduced into asphaltic products and bituminous mixes.

The subject of the invention is also a process for preparing a hot-pourable asphaltic product in which a heat-fusible binder is mixed, said hot-melt binder possibly being additive to polymers (in particular elastomers). and / or plastomers), with mineral and / or synthetic, asphalt aggregates, and various additives (1 ^st and 2 ^nd additives and optionally other additives such as, in particular zeolite and other conventional additives), the method being characterized by its mixing temperature which is between 140 ⁰ C and 170 ⁰ C. It seems that the order of introduction of the constituents has no influence on the properties of the resulting asphaltic product. The different additives can be added in any order, or even simultaneously.

The asphaltic products are conventionally manufactured at temperatures ranging from 200 ^° C. to 270 ^° C. By the addition of at least two additives capable of lowering the manufacturing temperature of the asphaltic product relative to that of the base product (said macromolecular compound and said fatty acid derivative), the asphaltic product may be manufactured at a lower temperature than usual, or at a temperature of between 140 ^° C. and 170 ^° C. In addition, it may also be cast, that is to say, implemented at this lower temperature than usual.

Another subject of the invention is a process for the preparation of bituminous mixes, in which a thermofusible binder is mixed, said thermo-fuse binder optionally being additive to polymers (in particular elastomers and / or plastomers), with mineral fillers and / or or synthetic aggregates of coated, and various additives (1 ^st and 2 ^nd additives and optionally other additives such as, in particular zeolite and other conventional additives), the method being characterized by its mixing temperature is between 100 ⁰ C and 150 ⁰ C.

It seems that constituents can be introduced in any desired order. The different additives can be added in any order, or even simultaneously. Bituminous mixes are conventionally manufactured at temperatures ranging from 150 ^° C. to 200 ^° C. By adding at least two additives capable of lowering the manufacturing temperature (said macromolecular compound and said fatty acid derivative), bituminous mixes can be manufactured and used at a lower temperature than usual, or at a temperature of between 100 ^° C. and 150 ^° C. The invention also relates to a hot-pourable asphaltic product which contains a heat-fusible binder according to the invention and fillers, mineral and / or synthetic and asphalt aggregates. The asphaltic product may further comprise additives such as surfactants, lime or aluminosilicates. The asphaltic product can be obtained by the processes according to the invention described above.

Another subject of the invention is bituminous mixes containing a heat-fusible binder according to the invention, aggregates of mixes (or other aggregates) and mineral and / or synthetic fillers. Bituminous mixes may further comprise additives such as surfactants (cationic, anionic, amphoteric or nonionic), lime or aluminosilicates or other additives conventionally introduced into bituminous concretes. Bituminous mixes can be obtained by the processes according to the invention described above.

The invention also relates to the use of an asphaltic product according to the invention or bituminous mixes according to the invention for the manufacture of road pavements, sidewalks or other urban developments, sealing layers of works and buildings. The asphalt product can also be used for the manufacture of bituminous mixes.

The invention finally relates to the use in a heat fusible binder of at least one additive, selected from the group consisting of natural or modified natural resins of plant origin, fatty acid diesters and ethers of fatty acid, for lowering the temperature of manufacture and / or implementation of the asphaltic or bituminous product. These additives, used alone or in combination with other additives in the heat-fusible binder, make it possible to lower the temperature of manufacture and / or use of the asphaltic or bituminous product (from said heat-fusible additive binder) while preserving the mechanical properties of the asphaltic or bituminous products obtained. In particular, the subject of the invention is the use of at least one natural or modified natural resin of plant origin, advantageously a rosin resin, in the heat-fusible binder in order to lower the temperature of manufacture and implementation of the product. asphaltic or bituminous. This resin (as defined above) alone allows lowering the temperature of manufacture and implementation of the asphalt product or bituminous product. This lowering of temperature is not accompanied by a degradation of the mechanical properties of the asphaltic or bituminous product, the indentation values in particular remaining in conformity with the specifications. This resin may be used in combination with another additive for lowering the manufacturing and processing temperature, this second additive being advantageously chosen from the group consisting of hydrocarbon waxes, fatty acid diesters, ethers of fatty acid, zeolites and mixtures thereof.

Said resin is used in the heat-fusible binder at a level of 1 to 20% by weight, relative to the total mass of the hot-melt binder. The contents of said resin and said second additive are advantageously between 1 and 20% by weight, relative to the total mass of the hot melt binder.

In order to improve the properties at low temperatures (cooling of the operating temperatures at operating temperatures) of the asphaltic or bituminous product comprising said resin, it is possible to introduce an additive softening agent at low temperature. Such a fluxing agent is advantageously a vegetable oil.

Vegetable oil is understood to mean the crude or refined oils obtained by trituration of seeds, kernels or fruits of plants, in particular oleaginous plants, such as, in a nonlimiting manner, linseed, rapeseed, sunflower, soya, olive, palm, castor oil, wood, maize, squash, grape seed, jojoba, sesame, walnut, hazelnut, almond, shea, macadamia, cotton, alfalfa, rye, safflower, peanut, copra and argan. These oils may be used as such or with a drying agent or after having undergone chemical modification, in proportions of between 0 and 1 phr, and advantageously between 0 and 0.6 phr, relative to the weight of the asphaltic or bituminous product. By drying agent is meant any compound capable of accelerating the siccativation reaction of the plasticizer. These are, for example, metal salts, in particular organic salts of cobalt, manganese and zirconium.

Thanks to the invention, it is possible to have a binder that makes it possible to produce asphaltic or bituminous products at production and processing temperatures sufficiently low to substantially eliminate smoke emissions while preserving the mechanical properties of the products. asphaltic or bituminous products obtained

The following examples illustrate the present invention but are not limiting. The values of indentation, free shrinkage and tensile stress were measured according to the following procedures. The percentages given are percentages by weight relative to the total weight of the asphaltic product.

Indentation:

The indentation tests are carried out according to standard NF EN 12697-21. This standard describes a method of measuring the indentation of a poured asphalt when it is subjected to the penetration of a standard cylindrical punch with a flat circular tip at given values of temperature and load and for a time of fixed application. The punch has a diameter of (25.2 ± 0.1 mm) for a surface area of 500 mm ²

(1 l, 3 ± 0.1 mm) for an area of 100 mm ² (6.35 ± 0.1 mm) for an area of 31.7 mm ² The samples are poured into molds at the temperature of manufacture of the asphaltic product and allowed to cool in the open air.

The samples are then immersed for at least 60 minutes in the thermostatic bath controlled at the test temperature. Then, the test piece is placed under the measuring device. Several tests are performed on the same test; the punch is not placed less than 30 mm from the edge and less than 30 mm from the location of the previous test. The test conditions are in accordance with the following Table 1:

Table 1: Test conditions

The tests are repeated 5 times on the same specimen in the case of the test W and 3 times in the case of tests A, B and C. Free withdrawal:

The test consists in casting the hot asphalt in a rectangular invar mold and, after flattening, cooling and stabilization of the temperature at 20 ^° C., to measure the dimensional variations of the specimen with respect to the origin (internal dimensions of the mold in invar).

The average of the variation of the length added to that of the width expressed in mm is defined as the value of free shrinkage of the asphalt after its cooling.

Measurements are made using a vernier caliper. Stress tests at break:

A plate of dimensions 500 x 180 mm in 20 mm thick is made by casting after manufacture. After cooling, 4 bars of dimensions 200 x 50 mm are extracted from the plate by sawing. The bars thus obtained are stored for 24 hours at 18 ° C. and then conditioned and stabilized at -10 ^° C. The bars are tested at this temperature in 3-point bending on a press whose speed is set at 0.1 mm / m. Stress and strain are recorded to calculate flexural strength and modulus of stiffness. Example 1: asphalt AG3 (sealing asphalt), hydrocarbon wax + ether

An asphalt AG3 is a poured asphalt generally intended for waterproofing structures. In particular, this coating is placed in the second sealing layer on the bridges. It is then called gravel asphalt for bridge sealing. The composition and properties of the asphalts produced are given in Table 2 below:

Table 2

The hydrocarbon wax used is a polyethylene wax. The second additive is a distearyl ether, such as that marketed under the designation Agnique® DAETl 8. The addition of hydrocarbon wax makes it possible to reduce the manufacturing temperature of

30 ⁰ C. However, the indentation value is revealed in this case too low

(specification: 15 to 40 tenths of millimeters for indentation at 40 ⁰ C).

The use of a second additive, an ether, in addition to the hydrocarbon wax makes it possible on the one hand to reduce the temperature of manufacture of the asphalt by 70 ^° C. and on the other hand to reduce the binder content. melt. In the latter case, the indentation value complies with the specification.

The wattage represents the power developed during mixing of the mixture (torque measurement). This parameter reflects the workability of the mixture. The results show that the power necessary to knead the hot melt binder only additive of hydrocarbon wax is greater than for the other mixtures. This illustrates the interest of using a second additive. Example 2: asphalt AT (sidewalk), hydrocarbon wax + diester

An asphalt AT is particularly intended for sidewalk pavements with pedestrian traffic. The composition and properties of the asphalts produced are given in Table 3 below:

Table 3

The hydrocarbon wax used is a polyethylene wax. The second additive is behenyl fumarate.

As in Example 1, it can be seen that for an asphalt AT - the addition of hydrocarbon wax makes it possible to reduce the manufacturing temperature, but the indentation values are too low; the addition of a diester makes it possible to further lower the manufacturing temperature and to obtain an asphalt whose indentation value complies with the specification; the use of hydrocarbon wax with a diester in this case makes it possible to reduce the content of heat-fusible binder by 0.7 ppc.

Example 3: asphalt (type AG3) additive resin rosin (alone)

A rosin resin was added to an AG3 type asphalt. The composition and properties of the asphalts produced are given in Table 4 below:

Table 4

The measurements of the indentation at 50 ^° C. are not standardized. However, in order to estimate the thermal sensitivity of the asphalt, measurements at a temperature above 40 ^° C. are carried out. These results show that the addition of the rosin resin makes it possible to reduce the manufacturing temperature by 50 ^° C. In addition, the indentation values are in accordance with the specification.

Example 4: AG3 asphalt, hydrocarbon wax + ether or diester

Hydrocarbon wax and an ether or diester were added to an AG3 type asphalt. The composition and the properties of the asphalts produced are given in Table 5 below:

Table 5

¹ polyethylene wax ² distearyl ether

³ diester fumaric acid (C40-C48) 3-point bending test, Temperature -10 ⁰ C, Speed 0.1 mm / min These results show that by adding the additives, the decrease in the manufacturing temperature does not lead to deterioration of the product.

Example 5: Asphalt type AG2

An asphalt type AG2 is an asphalt generally used for the waterproofing protection of flat roofs, based on fine asphalt powder, fine bitumen and aggregates. It has a usual thickness of 20 to 25 mm. It must have an indentation value of between 15 and 35 tenths of a millimeter (test B according to standard NF EN 12697-21)

The composition and properties of the asphalts produced are given in Table 6 below:

Table 6

¹ wax of polyethylene ² diester of fumaric acid (C40-C48)

³ distearyl ether ⁴ glycerol maleic rosin ester

It is found that the addition of a hydrocarbon wax and the ester of montanic acid makes it possible to lower the manufacturing temperature of the asphalt. However, the asphalt obtained has much too low indentation values (below specifications). In addition, the asphalt obtained has a significant free shrinkage. Asphaltic products obtained by adding a hydrocarbon wax and an ester wax fatty acid do not therefore meet the requirements of the Specifications of the French Asphalt Board.

On the contrary, the addition of a hydrocarbon wax and a diester or a fatty acid ether makes it possible to lower the asphalt manufacturing temperature while preserving the specifications required for the asphalt. indentation). In addition, the asphalt obtained has lower values of free shrinkage.

The low values of free shrinkage lead to an asphaltic product whose mechanical properties are satisfactory as well as the perenniality of its sealing. The aesthetic aspect is also improved.

Similarly, the addition of a rosin resin and a fatty acid diester makes it possible to lower the asphalt manufacturing temperature while preserving the specifications required for asphalt (indentation values). In addition, the asphalt obtained has lower values of free shrinkage.

Example 6: Asphalt Type AC2, Rosin Resin + Hydrocarbon Wax

A rosin resin and a hydrocarbon wax were added to an AC2 type asphalt. The composition and properties of the asphalt produced are given in Table 7 below:

Table 7 These results show that the addition of a hydrocarbon wax and rosin resin makes it possible to reduce the manufacturing temperature to work at a temperature of 170 ^° C. In addition, the indentation values are in accordance with the specification.

Claims

claims

A heat-fusible binder based on asphalt or bitumen, for asphaltic or bituminous product, comprising at least two additives for lowering the manufacturing temperature of the asphaltic product relative to that of the base product, characterized in that

a first additive is at least one macromolecular compound, which is in the liquid state at the usual temperatures for use of the asphaltic or bituminous product, and a second additive is a fatty acid derivative chosen from the group consisting of fatty acid diesters, fatty acid ethers and mixtures thereof.

2. thermofusible binder according to claim 1, characterized in that it contains 1 to 20% by weight of said macro-molecular compound relative to the total mass of the binder.

3. thermofusible binder according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that it contains from 1 to 15% by weight of said fatty acid derivative relative to the total weight of the binder.

4. heat fusible binder according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it contains 5 to 15% by weight of the assembly formed by said macromolecular compound and said fatty acid derivative, relative to the total mass binder.

5. heat fusible binder according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the macromolecular compound is a natural or modified natural resin of plant origin.

6. heat fusible binder according to claim 5, characterized in that the natural or modified natural resin of plant origin has a softening point of less than 130 ^° C.

7. hot melt binder according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that it contains 1 to 20% by weight of said resin of plant origin with respect to the total mass of the binder.

8. Hot melt binder according to any one of claims 5 to 7, characterized in that the resin of plant origin is selected from the group consisting of natural or modified natural rosins, rosin esters, rosin soaps, terpenes, tall oil, dammar and additive resins.

9. Hot melt binder according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the macromolecular compound is a microcrystalline wax, in particular a hydrocarbon wax.

10. thermofusible binder according to claim 9, characterized in that the hydrocarbon wax has a melting point of less than 150 ^° C.

11. thermofusible binder according to claim 9 or 10, characterized in that it contains 1 to 15% by weight of said hydrocarbon wax relative to the total mass of the binder.

12. thermofusible binder according to any one of claims 9 to 11, characterized in that the hydrocarbon wax is a polymethylene wax or polyolefin, especially polyethylene, polypropylene or ethylene-propylene copolymer.

13. thermofusible binder according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises two macromolecular compounds, a natural or modified natural resin of vegetable origin and a microcrystalline wax.

14. Hot melt binder according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it further comprises a zeolite, natural and / or synthetic, or its initial amorphous synthesis phase.

15. heat fusible binder according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it further comprises an elastomer or a plastomer in particular a copolymer of styrene-butadiene-styrene, styrene-butadiene, or styrene-isoprene-styrene or copolymers of ethylene.

Process for the preparation of a hot-pourable asphaltic product, comprising mixing a thermally fusible binder, optionally with polymer additives, with mineral fillers, asphalt aggregates and at least two additives for lowering the manufacturing temperature. asphaltic product as defined in claim 1, wherein the mixing temperature is between 140 ⁰ C and 170 ⁰ C.

17. A process for the preparation of bituminous mixes, comprising mixing a hot-melt binder, possibly with polymer additives, with mineral fillers, asphalt aggregates and at least two additives for lowering the manufacturing temperature of the asphaltic product, such as defined in claim 1, wherein the mixing temperature is between 100 ⁰ C and 150 ⁰ C.

18. Hot-pourable asphaltic product, characterized in that it comprises a heat-fusible binder according to any one of claims 1 to 15 and fillers, mineral and / or synthetic and asphalt aggregates.

19. Bituminous mixes, characterized in that they comprise a heat fusible binder according to any one of claims 1 to 15, asphalt aggregates and mineral and / or synthetic fillers.

20. Use of an asphaltic product according to claim 18 or bituminous mixes according to claim 19, for the manufacture of pavements, sidewalks or other urban developments, sealing layers of structures and buildings.

21. Use of at least one additive selected from the group consisting of natural or natural modified resins of vegetable origin, fatty acid diesters and fatty acid ethers, in a hot melt binder for lowering the temperature of manufacture and / or implementation of an asphaltic or bituminous product.

22. Use according to claim 21, characterized in that at least one natural or modified natural resin of vegetable origin, in particular a rosin resin, is used alone or in combination with another additive for lowering the manufacturing and drying temperature. implementation, said other additive being advantageously selected from the group consisting of hydrocarbon waxes, fatty acid diesters, fatty acid ethers, zeolites and mixtures thereof.

23. Use according to claim 22, characterized in that a fluxing agent is added.