WO2007118352A1 - Bloc de plancher d'un système de plancher et son procédé de pose - Google Patents

Bloc de plancher d'un système de plancher et son procédé de pose Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2007118352A1
WO2007118352A1 PCT/CN2006/000684 CN2006000684W WO2007118352A1 WO 2007118352 A1 WO2007118352 A1 WO 2007118352A1 CN 2006000684 W CN2006000684 W CN 2006000684W WO 2007118352 A1 WO2007118352 A1 WO 2007118352A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
convex
concave
contact surface
recess
convex portion
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2006/000684
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Yongsheng Du
Original Assignee
Yekalon Industry Inc.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority to EP06722333.9A priority Critical patent/EP2009197B1/en
Priority to HUE13193322A priority patent/HUE038893T2/hu
Application filed by Yekalon Industry Inc. filed Critical Yekalon Industry Inc.
Priority to PL06722333.9T priority patent/PL2009197T3/pl
Priority to KR1020087027862A priority patent/KR101211818B1/ko
Priority to EP13193322.8A priority patent/EP2749710B1/en
Priority to PT13193322T priority patent/PT2749710T/pt
Priority to HUE06722333A priority patent/HUE027794T2/en
Priority to CN2006800542244A priority patent/CN101415893B/zh
Priority to TR2018/12068T priority patent/TR201812068T4/tr
Priority to DK06722333.9T priority patent/DK2009197T3/en
Priority to MX2008013269A priority patent/MX2008013269A/es
Priority to PL13193322T priority patent/PL2749710T3/pl
Priority to BRPI0621598-0A priority patent/BRPI0621598A2/pt
Priority to DK13193322.8T priority patent/DK2749710T3/en
Priority to US12/297,028 priority patent/US8281549B2/en
Priority to ES06722333.9T priority patent/ES2574671T3/es
Priority to PCT/CN2006/000684 priority patent/WO2007118352A1/zh
Priority to ES13193322.8T priority patent/ES2674941T3/es
Priority to JP2009504548A priority patent/JP5415937B2/ja
Priority to PT06722333T priority patent/PT2009197E/pt
Priority to AU2006342384A priority patent/AU2006342384B2/en
Priority to CA2644265A priority patent/CA2644265C/en
Publication of WO2007118352A1 publication Critical patent/WO2007118352A1/zh
Priority to ZA200808613A priority patent/ZA200808613B/xx

Links

Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F15/00—Flooring
    • E04F15/02—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements
    • E04F15/02038—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements characterised by tongue and groove connections between neighbouring flooring elements
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F2201/00—Joining sheets or plates or panels
    • E04F2201/01—Joining sheets, plates or panels with edges in abutting relationship
    • E04F2201/0138—Joining sheets, plates or panels with edges in abutting relationship by moving the sheets, plates or panels perpendicular to the main plane
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F2201/00—Joining sheets or plates or panels
    • E04F2201/01—Joining sheets, plates or panels with edges in abutting relationship
    • E04F2201/0153—Joining sheets, plates or panels with edges in abutting relationship by rotating the sheets, plates or panels around an axis which is parallel to the abutting edges, possibly combined with a sliding movement
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F2201/00—Joining sheets or plates or panels
    • E04F2201/02—Non-undercut connections, e.g. tongue and groove connections
    • E04F2201/027—Non-undercut connections, e.g. tongue and groove connections connected by tongues and grooves, the centerline of the connection being inclined to the top surface
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F2201/00—Joining sheets or plates or panels
    • E04F2201/03—Undercut connections, e.g. using undercut tongues or grooves
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F2201/00—Joining sheets or plates or panels
    • E04F2201/04—Other details of tongues or grooves
    • E04F2201/041—Tongues or grooves with slits or cuts for expansion or flexibility
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F2201/00—Joining sheets or plates or panels
    • E04F2201/04—Other details of tongues or grooves
    • E04F2201/043—Other details of tongues or grooves with tongues and grooves being formed by projecting or recessed parts of the panel layers

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a floorboard, a floor system comprising a plurality of floorboards, and a method of laying a floor. Background technique
  • Hardwood has been used as a floor covering for centuries, and hardwood floors and composite wood flooring have been joined using traditional "tower-groove" construction.
  • the hoe and the corresponding gutter can be easily joined by moving the hoe horizontally to the gutter in the same plane as the floor.
  • this method of installation is relatively simple, the connection between the hoe and the gutter is susceptible to loosening due to external forces or temperature-related factors. People don't like the looseness of the floor, because it causes the installed floor to disintegrate, and because it is not beautiful.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a novel "convex-concave" structure which not only ensures lateral connection and horizontal locking between the convex portion and the concave portion, but also is very convenient to install and is not easy to loosen, even if installed at a corner. It is also very convenient.
  • the floorboard includes: an upper surface; a contact surface with the ground; a side surface having a recess ("recess end surface”), the side surface including an upper lip, a lower lip, and a higher recess including the upper surface a first contact surface, a recess of the lower recess second contact surface and the recess guide surface; and a side surface of the convex portion ("convex end surface"), the convex portion on the side surface including a higher convex portion The first contact surface, the lower convex portion, the second contact surface, and the convex portion guide surface.
  • the material of the floorboard can be either a wood composite, such as a medium density fiberboard.
  • MDF mono-density fiberboard
  • HDF high-density fiberboard
  • a cavity can be formed between the convex portion and the lower lip of the concave portion.
  • Lower convex portion The second contact surface and the lower concave portion may form an angle of 90 degrees with the upper surface.
  • the thickness of the floorboard is between about 0.5 cm and 1.5 cm.
  • the convex portion substantially penetrates the entire length of the end surface of the convex portion.
  • the recess penetrates substantially the entire length of the end surface of the recess.
  • the floor panel may also have another convex end face (" ⁇ 2 convex end face”) and another concave end face (“ ⁇ concave end face”), and the lower surface of the convex portion may have a back groove.
  • the floorboard includes: an upper surface; a contact surface with the ground; a side surface having a recess ("recess end surface”) including the upper lip, the lower lip, and the upper portion adjacent to the upper surface a recessed first contact surface, a lower four second contact surface and a concave guide surface recess; and a convex side surface ("convex end surface"), the convex portion on the side surface including a higher convex a contact surface, a lower convex portion, a contact surface, and a convex guiding surface, wherein the upper end of the first contact surface of the higher concave portion has a second concave upper lip surface, and the upper concave surface of the second concave portion is higher The concave portion is connected to the contact surface, wherein the first upper lip surface of the concave portion is substantially parallel to the upper lip surface of the concave portion; the higher concave portion first contact surface is substantially parallel to the higher concave portion and the second contact surface
  • the floor panel has a top surface of the second convex portion at an outer end of the higher convex portion, and the upper side surface of the second convex portion is connected with the second convex surface of the higher convex portion, wherein the first upper side of the convex portion It is substantially parallel to the upper side of the convex portion; the higher convex portion first contact surface is substantially parallel to the higher convex portion second contact surface.
  • the present invention also provides a floorboard comprising: an upper surface; a contact surface with the ground; a side surface having a recess ("recess end surface"), the side surface including an upper lip, a lower lip, and a higher a recessed first contact surface, a lower recess second contact surface and a concave guide surface recess; and a convex side surface ("protrusion end a face"), the convex portion on the side surface includes a higher convex portion, a contact surface, a lower convex portion, a second contact surface, and a convex portion guiding surface, wherein the lower surface of the convex portion may have a back groove
  • the floor system comprises: a first floorboard and a second floorboard, the first floorboard comprising: an upper surface; a contact surface with the ground; a concave end surface, the concave end surface comprising: (1) close to the upper surface
  • the upper lip, (2) lower lip, and (3) include a higher recessed first contact surface, a lower recessed second contact surface, and a concave guide surface recess.
  • the second floorboard includes: an upper surface; a contact surface with the ground; and an end surface of the convex portion, the convex portion on the end surface of the convex portion includes a higher convex portion, a contact surface, a lower convex portion, a second contact surface, Concave guide surface.
  • a cavity may be formed between the convex portion and the lower lip of the concave portion.
  • the lower convex second contact surface and the lower concave second contact surface may form an angle of 90 degrees with the upper surface.
  • the laying of the flooring system includes positioning the first floorboard having the above features and positioning the two floorboards having the above features. Placing a floorboard, placing the ground contact surface of the first floorboard on the floor or the cushioning material of the floor to be laid; placing the second floorboard; placing the convex portion of the second floorboard in the first place The lower lip of the concave portion of the plate; in a direction orthogonal to the upper surface, a pressure is applied to the upper surface, the pressure causing the convex guiding surface to contact the concave guiding surface, and introducing the convex portion into the concave portion.
  • Figure 1 is a perspective view of a floor panel including a convex end face and a concave end face;
  • Figure 2A is a side cross-sectional view of the end face of the floor block projection of Figure 1;
  • Figure 2B is a side cross-sectional view of the end face of the recess of the floor panel of Figure 1;
  • Figure 3 is a side cross-sectional view showing the end face of the projection in Figure 2A being partially joined to the end face of the recess in Figure 2B;
  • Figure 4 is a side cross-sectional view showing another end face of the projection in Figure 2A partially joined to the end of the recess in Figure 2B;
  • Figure 5 is a side cross-sectional view showing the end face of the projection in Figure 2A having been fitted into the end face of the recess in Figure 2B;
  • Figure 6 is a side cross-sectional view showing a second embodiment in which the end surface of the convex portion is fitted into the end surface of the concave portion;
  • Figure 7 is a side cross-sectional view showing the first embodiment of the second embodiment, showing the initial mounting state of the end surface of the convex portion and the end surface of the concave portion;
  • Figure 8 is a side elevational view, partly in section, of the second embodiment shown in Figure 7, showing the end face of the projection having been partially mounted to the end face of the recess;
  • Figure 9 is a side cross-sectional view of the second embodiment of the second embodiment shown in Figure 7, showing that the end face of the projection has been partially mounted to the end face of the recess;
  • Figure 10 is a side cross-sectional view of the two embodiments shown in Figure 7, which shows that the convex portion has been fitted into the concave portion;
  • Figure 11 is a partial perspective view of the flooring system
  • Figure 12 is a plan view of the floor system shown in Figure 11;
  • Figure 1 3-26 is a side cross-sectional view of an embodiment of the end surface of the connecting convex portion and the end surface of the concave portion.
  • the floorboard 10 typically has an upper surface 20 and a ground contacting surface 30, which are generally recommended to be parallel to each other.
  • the floor contact surface 30 of the floorboard contacts the floor 40 or a cushioning material, and the cushioning material may be, for example, a foamed mulch film 50, which may be selectively mounted to the ground 40 and the ground.
  • the upper surface 20 can be seen.
  • the upper surface may include a trim 60 that may be imitation wood grain or any other decorative pattern, such as may also mimic stone.
  • the decoration 60 may comprise a layered decoration and may be made by any known method, for example, by laminating a wood grain photo between the floorboard and the plastic envelope. Decoration 60 can also be a certain amount of other materials Materials, such as wood and bamboo.
  • the decoration 60 can be a thin veneer.
  • the raw material of the floorboard 10 may be any suitable material such as wood, wood composite, polymer or other material having a certain elasticity. If the floorboard is made of wood composite, the wood composite may comprise medium density fiberboard (MDF) or high density fibreboard (HDF).
  • MDF medium density fiberboard
  • HDF high density fibreboard
  • the upper surface 20 of the floorboard 10 and the ground contacting surface 30 can be machined to any size and shape. For example, the floorboard can be rectangular, 0.2 meters wide and 1.2 meters long.
  • the thickness between the upper surface 20 of the floorboard 10 and the ground contacting surface 30 can be any suitable thickness between about 5.0 and 15.0 millimeters.
  • the floor panel 10 includes a convex end surface 100 and a concave end surface 200.
  • the raised end face 100 and the recessed end face 200 are the side faces of the floorboard 10 that are opposite one another.
  • the convex end faces 100, 100 are generally two side faces of the floorboard 10 adjacent to each other.
  • the recessed end faces 200, 200 are also generally two sides adjacent to each other.
  • the plurality of floorboards 10 are mounted as a floor system by joining the convex end faces 100 or 100 of each floor block to the recessed end faces 200 or 200 of at least one other floorboard.
  • the floorboard 10 may also include only one raised end face 100 and one recessed end face 200.
  • Another embodiment of the present invention may have only one convex end face 100 or one recess end face 200, rather than both.
  • Such a floorboard is for example suitable for laying on a wall or a corner formed by adjacent walls on both sides.
  • Other embodiments of the present invention may include more than one raised end face 100, but only include one recessed end face 200; or may include more than one recessed end face 200, but only include one raised end face 100.
  • Fig. 2A shows a cross-sectional view of the end face 100 of the ⁇ - ⁇ upper projection of the floor panel 10.
  • the thickness T1 between the upper surface 20 of the floorboard 10 and the ground contact surface 30 may be between 5.0 and 15.0 mm, with a recommended thickness of 8.2 mm or 12.3 mm.
  • the convex end face 100 is characterized by a contour line between the upper surface 20 and the ground contact surface 30.
  • the cam profile 105 has, in order, a flat surface, a curved surface, and various technical features between the upper surface 20 and the ground contact surface 30.
  • the convex upper side 110 is substantially orthogonal to the upper surface 20 and Adjacent.
  • the convex upper side 110 may be a flat surface from the upper surface
  • a higher convex first contact surface 120 Adjacent to the upper side 110 of the projection is a higher convex first contact surface 120 extending from the upper side 110 of the projection by about 0.5 to 1.0 mm, preferably about 0.65 mm.
  • the angle between the upper side 110 of the projection and the upper contact surface 120 of the higher convex portion is ⁇ 15 which may range from 90 degrees to 135 degrees, and an angle of about 110 degrees is recommended.
  • the higher convex first contact surface 120 is preferably terminated by a rounding 121.
  • a convex side 130 Adjacent to the higher convex first contact surface 120 is a convex side 130.
  • the convex side 130 begins at the higher convex first contact surface 120 and extends toward the ground contact surface 30, terminating in a rounding 131 and adjacent to the next technical feature on the convex contour 105, such as may be The groove 140, or the convex lower surface 150.
  • the back groove is grooved substantially in the direction of the vertical direction of the floor or slightly offset, and does not significantly reduce the strength of the convex portion.
  • the back groove 140 may include three back groove faces: a first back groove face 140a, a second back groove face 140b, and a third back groove face 140c.
  • the first groove surface 140a may start at one end of the rounding 131 and has a length of from about 2.5 mm to about 3.5 mm. It is recommended to be about 3.0 mm.
  • the back groove surface 140a and the back groove surface 140c may be parallel or may have an angle.
  • the length of the second groove 140b is between 1.0 and 2.0 mm, and is recommended to be about 1.5 mm.
  • the back groove 140 has a transition surface 141b formed by the second back groove surface 140b and the third back groove surface 140c, and the transition surface 141b may be either a sharp corner or a rounded shape.
  • the raised lower surface 150 is adjacent to the third back groove surface 140c and substantially parallel to the upper surface 20 and/or the ground contact surface 30.
  • the angle between the convex guiding surface 160 and the lower surface 150 of the convex portion is ⁇ 4 , and ⁇ 4 may be between 190 and 270 degrees, and is preferably 240 degrees.
  • Adjacent to the end of the convex guiding surface 160 may be a lower convex second contact surface 170, which may be between 0.1 and 1.0 mm in length, preferably about 0.3 mm.
  • the lower convex second contact surface 170 is substantially orthogonal to the upper surface 20 and the ground The contact surface 30, which makes the horizontal connection between the floorboards after installation is particularly reliable and is not easy to loosen.
  • Adjacent to the lower end of the lower convex second contact surface 170 may be a convex boundary surface 180 which may be substantially parallel to the convex guiding surface 160.
  • the convex boundary surface 180 terminates at the first convex transition surface 190.
  • the raised transition surface 190 can be generally parallel to the upper surface 20 and/or the ground contact surface 30, which terminates in a sharp or rounded transition surface 191.
  • the second raised transition surface 1 92 extends from the first raised transition surface 190 to the ground contact surface 30, the second raised transition surface 192 being substantially orthogonal to the upper surface 20 and/or the ground contact surface 30.
  • a chamfer 193 is recommended between the second projection transition surface 192 and the ground contact surface 30.
  • the projection 106 is defined by a cam profile 105 located between the upper surface 20 and the ground contact surface 30, which may begin at the upper side 110 of the projection orthogonal to the upper surface 20.
  • Figure 2B shows a cross-sectional view of the recessed end face 200 of the floor panel 10 section I IB-I IB. Similarly, the thickness of the floorboard 10 is Tl. As shown in Fig. 2A, the recessed end face 200 is characterized by a contour line between the upper surface 20 and the ground contact surface 30.
  • the recess contour 205 has a planar, curved surface and various technical features between the upper surface 20 and the ground contact surface 30 in sequence. The shape and size of the recess contour 2 05 is recommended to match the contour of the cam profile 105.
  • the upper lip surface 210 of the recess is substantially orthogonal to and adjacent to the upper surface 20. ⁇ 3, ⁇ , ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ . 5 ⁇
  • the upper lip surface 210 is a higher concave portion of the contact surface 220, extending from the upper lip surface 210 of the concave portion of about 0. 5 ⁇ meters to 2. 0 ⁇ meters, recommended about 1. 3 ⁇ meters.
  • the angle between the upper lip surface 21 0 of the recess and the first contact surface 220 of the higher recess is ⁇ 6 , which may range from 21 0 to 270 degrees, and is preferably about 250 degrees.
  • the higher recess first contact surface 220 is preferably terminated by a pointed or rounded transition surface 221.
  • a recessed side 230 Adjacent to the higher recessed contact surface 220 is a recessed side 230.
  • the recess side 230 begins at a higher recess ⁇ a contact surface 220 and extends toward the ground contact surface 30, terminating, for example, a rounding 231 adjacent to the next technical feature on the recess contour 205, such as the lower surface of the recess 250.
  • the recess lower surface 250 can be substantially parallel to the upper surface 20 and/or the ground contact surface 30.
  • the length of the recessed surface 250 may be, for example, 4.0 mm to 8. 0 ⁇ , recommended is about 6. 0 ⁇ .
  • the angle between the concave boundary surface 260 and the concave lower surface 250 is ⁇ 9 , and ⁇ 9 may be between 100 and 150 degrees, and is preferably 120 degrees.
  • Adjacent to the end of the recessed surface 260 is a lower recessed second contact surface 270, which may have a length of between 0.1 mm and 1.0 mm, preferably about 0.3 mm.
  • the lower recess second contact surface 270 is substantially orthogonal to the upper surface 20 and/or the ground contact surface 30.
  • Adjacent to the lower end of the lower recess second contact surface 270 may be a recessed guiding surface 280 which may be substantially parallel to the recessed boundary surface 260.
  • the recessed guiding surface 280 may include a pointed or rounded transition surface 281.
  • the end Adjacent to the concave guiding surface 280, the end is a concave transition surface 290.
  • the first concave transition surface 290 can be generally parallel to the upper surface 20 and/or the ground contact surface 30, which terminates in a sharp or rounded transition surface 291.
  • the second recess transition surface 292 extends from the first recess transition surface 290 to the ground contact surface 30, which is substantially orthogonal to the upper surface 20 and/or the ground contact surface 30.
  • a chamfer 293 is recommended between the second recess transition surface 292 and the ground contact surface 30.
  • the recess 206 is defined by a concave contour 205 between the upper surface 20 and the ground engaging surface 30, which may begin at a concave upper lip 210 substantially orthogonal to the upper surface 20 and tangential to the transition surface 221.
  • the concave contour 205 shown in Figure 2A can be mated with the convex contour 105.
  • the floorboard 10 shown in Figures 2A and 2B has a thickness of, for example, 8.2 mm.
  • the floorboard 10 can be of any other desired thickness, for example 12.3 inches. The dimensions described in the above paragraphs can be adjusted accordingly.
  • the contours in these floorboards 10 can be formed by known milling.
  • the milling machine may include a milling cutter for forming the features of the projections and recesses, and the unprocessed floorboard 10 having, for example, a quadrangular edge, through the milling cutter, removes a portion of the sheet material to produce a desired profile. In order to produce a desired profile, it may be necessary to pass the milling cutter multiple times. If the floor panel 10 is rectangular, then two opposite sides can be machined simultaneously.
  • the convex end face 100 of the first floorboard 10 and the recessed end face 200 of the adjacent other floorboard are in a ready-to-install state.
  • the ground contact surface 30 of the first floor panel 10 including the recessed end face 200 is placed on the ground or it is recommended to lay the cushioning material on the ground.
  • the floorboard 10 including the convex end face 100 is placed beside the concave end face 200, and the transition surface 121 is brought into contact with the partial concave upper lip surface 20 , and at the same time, the partial concave guiding surface 160 is placed at least partially concave guiding surface On 280.
  • the two floorboards 10 are substantially parallel.
  • Figure 4 shows force 300, the direction being, for example, substantially orthogonal to the ground, which forces the upper surface 20 of the floorboard 10 comprising the raised end face 100.
  • the force 300 can be applied by hand or by a tool.
  • the force 300 causes a portion of the convex side 130 to press against the upper lip surface 210, and a portion of the convex guiding surface 160 is pressed against the concave guiding surface 280.
  • the recess guide surface 280 slopes toward the inside of the floor panel 10 including the recess end surface 200 and slopes downward toward the ground contact surface 30.
  • the raised guide surface 160 slides inwardly and downwardly along the recessed guiding surface 280, and a portion of the convex side 130 slides along the upper lip surface 210 along the upper lip surface 210.
  • a portion of the recess between the lower surface 250 of the recess and the ground contact surface 40 is outwardly offset and the opening of the recess 206 is increased.
  • the projection has a back groove 140, the wedge-shaped insertion of the projection 106 into the recess 206 also causes deformation of the back groove 140 on the projection 106 to reduce the size of the projection during installation.
  • the adjacent floor blocks 10 are connected to each other by stably joining the convex portions 106 to the concave portions 206.
  • Figure 5 shows that the projection 106 on the convex end face 100 of one of the floorboards 10 has been fitted into the recess 206 on the recessed end face 200 of the other floorboard 10.
  • the upper side 110 of the projection abuts against the upper lip surface 210 of the recess such that there is substantially no gap between the upper surfaces of the two floorboards.
  • the higher convex first contact surface 120 and the higher concave first contact surface 220 cooperate with each other to prevent the floor panel 10 from coming loose in a direction orthogonal to the upper surface 20.
  • the connection is completed, it also prevents the floor panel with the convex end face 100 from being deformed away from the ground 40. As shown in FIG.
  • the lower convex second contact surface 170 and the lower concave second contact surface 270 cooperate with each other to prevent the floorboard 10 from being substantially orthogonal to the convex end surface 100.
  • the direction is loose. When the connection is completed, it can block the floorboard with the convex end face 1 00
  • the looseness of the floor block 10 from the recessed end face 200, which may cause a gap between the upper surface 20 of the floor block 10, may occur.
  • the lower convex contact surface 170 and the lower concave contact surface 270 may be orthogonal to the upper surface 20 and/or the ground contact surface 30.
  • the convex portion 106 and the recessed portion 206 can be placed in the manner in which the floor panel is mounted in the manner shown in Fig. 5, so that the concave lower lip 212 is not deflected and the back groove 140 is not deformed.
  • a gap 00 can be formed between the convex outline 105 and the concave outline 205.
  • the void 400 can have any suitable shape and size and is at least partially defined by the convex contour 105 and the concave contour 205. It is to be noted that the specific dimensions of the convex end face 100 and the recess end face 200, including the convex portion 106 and the concave portion 206, may vary depending on factors such as the material or thickness of the floorboard 10.
  • Figure 6 shows two preferred embodiments for the connected raised end face 500 and the recessed end face 600.
  • the thickness between the upper surface 20 of the floor panel 10 and the ground contact surface 30 is T 3 .
  • the convex end face 5 00 is characterized by a contour line 05 05 between the upper surface 20 and the ground contact surface 30.
  • the recessed end face 600 is characterized by a contour 605 between the upper surface 20 and the ground contact surface 30.
  • the cam profile 505 and the recess profile 605 have planar, curved, and respective technical features between the upper surface 20 and the ground contact surface 30, respectively.
  • the convex upper side surface 51 0 and the concave upper lip surface 61 0 are adjacent to the upper surface 20, and the angle between them is ⁇ naut, ⁇ admir can be from 0 to 3 degrees, and is recommended to be about 1 degree.
  • the convex upper side surface 51 0 and the concave upper lip surface 610 may each be a flat surface extending from the upper surface 20 by about 1. 0 ⁇ to 3. 0 , meters, preferably about 2. 0 ⁇ meters.
  • the upper lip face 61 0 is recommended to terminate at a sharp corner or rounded transition surface 611.
  • Adjacent to the convex upper side 510 is a higher convex first contact surface 520.
  • the upper recessed first contact surface 620 is adjacent to, for example, the upper lip surface 610 of the recess, and in the state where the mounting is completed, the higher recessed first contact surface 620 is adjacent to the higher convex portion-contact surface 520. And generally face to face.
  • the higher convex first contact surface 520 may include a pointed or rounded transition surface 521 that is adjacent to the convex contour ⁇ Kjl / Vit , , I "
  • Another technical feature on line 5 05 which may be the second convex upper side 522.
  • the upper side 522 of the second projection may be substantially orthogonal to the upper surface 20 and/or the ground contact surface 30.
  • the upper recessed first contact surface 620 is adjacent to the second recessed upper lip surface 622.
  • the second concave upper lip surface 622 can be parallel to, for example, the upper side surface 522 of the second convex portion and in contact with each other.
  • the second convex portion upper side 522 and the second concave portion upper lip surface 622 may extend from 0.1 to 1. 0 mils, preferably 0.5 mil.
  • the second recess upper lip surface 622 can include a pointed or rounded transition surface 623.
  • Adjacent to the upper side 522 of the second projection is a higher convex second contact surface 524.
  • the higher convex second contact surface 524 may include a sharpened or rounded transition surface 525. As shown in FIG. 6, the higher recessed second contact surface 624 can be adjacent to the upper side 622 of the recess, for example, in the state in which the mounting is completed, the second recess 624 and the higher projection ⁇ The two contact faces 524 are adjacent and generally coplanar.
  • Adjacent to the higher raised second contact surface 524 is a convex side 530.
  • Adjacent to the higher raised second contact surface 524 is a convex side 530.
  • the convex contour line 505 and the concave contour line 605 from this point to the lower convex third contact surface 570 and the lower concave portion ⁇ three contacts within the section of the contact point between faces 670, no other contact points are recommended.
  • the outline of the convex portion 506 substantially forms a stepped shape. This design greatly facilitates installation.
  • the convex side 530 may include a pointed or rounded transition surface 531 and a second planar portion 530.
  • the second horizontal portion 532 of the convex side 530 can include a pointed or rounded transition surface 533.
  • the back groove 540 Adjacent to the convex side 530 is a back groove 540.
  • the back groove 540 may include three back groove faces: a first back groove face 540a, a second back groove face 540b, and a third back groove face 540c.
  • the first back groove surface 540a may begin at rounding 533.
  • the first back groove surface 540a may include a pointed or rounded transition surface 541a.
  • the second groove surface 540b adjacent to the first groove surface 540a may extend about 0.5. ⁇ 1. 5 ⁇ , recommended about 1. 0 ⁇ .
  • the second back groove surface 540b may include a pointed or rounded transition surface 541b.
  • the third back groove surface 540c adjacent to the second back groove surface 540b may include a sharp corner or a rounded transition surface 541c.
  • the convex lower surface 550 Adjacent to the rounded transition surface 541c, the convex lower surface 550 extends, for example, in a direction generally parallel to the upper surface 20 and/or the ground contact surface 30.
  • the raised lower surface 550 can include a pointed or rounded transition surface 551, which can be a convex guide surface 560 adjacent the convex contour 505.
  • the convex guiding surface 560 may, for example, have an angle ⁇ 18 with the convex lower surface 550, and ⁇ 18 may be between 90 and 150 degrees, and is preferably 120 degrees.
  • Adjacent to the end of the convex portion guiding surface 560 may be a lower convex portion ⁇ three contact surface 570, and the length may be between 0.1 and 10,000 meters, preferably about 0.3 mm.
  • the lower convex third contact surface 570 is substantially orthogonal to the upper surface 20 and the ground contact surface 30.
  • Adjacent to the lower convex third contact surface 570-end may be a convex edge interface 580 which may be substantially parallel to the convex guiding surface 560.
  • the convex boundary surface 580 terminates at a first convex transition surface 590.
  • the convex first transition surface 590 can be generally parallel to the upper surface 20 and/or the ground contact surface 30, the surface terminating at a sharp or rounded transition surface 591.
  • the second convex transition surface 592 extends from the first convex transition surface 590 to the ground contact surface 30, and the second convex transition surface 592 is substantially orthogonal to the upper surface 20 and/or the ground contact surface 30.
  • the projections 56 are defined by a cam profile 505 located between the upper surface 20 and the ground contact surface 30, which may begin at the upper side 510 of the projection orthogonal to the upper surface 20.
  • the higher recess second contact surface 624 is longer than the higher convex second contact surface 524 in the state in which the connection is completed.
  • Adjacent to the higher recess second contact surface 624 is a recess side 630.
  • the recess side 630 can include a planar portion 632. Immediately adjacent to one plane portion 632 is two planar portions 634, the angle between the two planar portions 634 and the first planar portion 632 is ⁇ 21 , and ⁇ 21 may be between 90 degrees and 160 degrees. degree.
  • the recess side 630 can also include a continuous curved surface 636 adjacent one end of the two planar portions 634.
  • the continuous curved surface 636 can include a plurality of planes and curved surfaces as needed.
  • the concave side 630 may be a concave lower surface 650, concave
  • the subsurface 650 can be substantially parallel to the upper surface 20 and/or the ground contact surface 30.
  • the recess lower surface 650 may have a sharpened or rounded transition surface 651 between the next technical feature on the recess contour 605.
  • the next technical feature referred to herein may be the recess boundary surface 660.
  • the angle between the recess boundary surface 660 and the recess lower surface 650 is ⁇ 22 , and ⁇ 2 2 may be between 90 degrees and 150 degrees, and is preferably 120 degrees.
  • Adjacent to the end of the concave boundary surface 660 is a lower concave third contact surface 67 0 , which may have a length of between 0.1 mm and 1.0 mm, preferably about 0.3 mm.
  • the lower recess third contact surface 670 is substantially orthogonal to the upper surface 20 and/or the ground contact surface 30.
  • Adjacent to the lower end of the lower recessed third contact surface 670 may be a recessed guiding surface 680 which may be substantially parallel to the recessed boundary surface 660.
  • the recessed guiding surface 680 can include a pointed or rounded transition surface 681.
  • the first concave transition surface 690 can be generally parallel to the upper surface 20 and/or the ground contact surface 30, which terminates in a pointed or rounded transition surface 691.
  • the second recess transition surface 692 extends from the first recess transition surface 690 to the ground contact surface 30, which may be substantially orthogonal to the upper surface 20 and/or the ground contact surface 30.
  • the recess 606 is defined by a recess contour 605 between the upper surface 20 and the ground contact surface 30, which may extend to be tangential to the recess side 630 and substantially orthogonal to the upper surface 20 and/or the ground contact surface 30.
  • the technical features on the recess contour 605 can be matched to the various technical features on the cam rim line 505.
  • Figures 7 through 9 show the various steps of installing the raised end face 500 and the recessed end face 600 depicted in Figure 6.
  • the floor panel 10 including the convex end face 500 may have a joint point 700 between the upper end surface 20 of the convex end surface and the upper side surface 510 of the convex portion as an axis of rotation, near the upper surface 20 of the concave end surface 600 and the upper lip surface of the concave portion The connection point between 610.
  • the convex lower surface 550 is adjacent to the junction between the concave guiding surface 680 and the concave first transition surface 690.
  • Fig. 7 shows that if the convex end face 500 is rotationally fitted into the concave end face 600 with the joint 700 as the axis, a portion of the concave end face 600 is required to undergo a major displacement of about 6.3 mm.
  • connection point 702 between the higher convex portion 2 contact surface 524 and the convex side surface 530 on the convex end surface 500 is selected as the two rotation axes, and is closer to the concave end surface 600.
  • Fig. 8 shows that if the convex end face 500 is rotationally fitted into the concave end face 600 with the joint point 702 as the axis, a small displacement of about 2.0 mm is required for a portion of the concave end face 600. As shown in FIG.
  • the contact point 702 is rotated about the axis, and a contact surface having a length L14 is formed between the convex portion guiding surface 560 and the concave guiding surface 680.
  • the convex end face 500 is substantially parallel to the convex end face 600. From this position, the attachment of the convex end face 500 into the concave end face 600 can be performed by applying a surface 20 to the upper surface 20 of the floor panel 10 including the convex end face 500. Force, and introduce the convex portion 506 into the concave portion 606 in the manner described in FIGS. 3 to 5.
  • Figure 10 shows a third preferred embodiment in which the raised end face 800 has been mounted into the recessed end face 900.
  • the floor panel 10 has a thickness T4.
  • the convex end face 800 is characterized by a contour 805 between the upper surface 20 and the ground contact surface 30.
  • the recessed end face 900 is characterized by a contour 905 between the upper surface 20 and the ground contact surface 30.
  • the cam profile 805 and the recess profile 905 have planar, curved, and respective technical features between the upper surface 20 and the ground contact surface 30, respectively.
  • the upper side 810 of the convex portion and the upper lip surface 910 of the concave portion are adjacent to the upper surface 20, and the angle between them is ⁇ 24 , and ⁇ 24 may be from 0 to 3 degrees, preferably about 1 degree.
  • the convex upper side 810 and the concave upper lip 910 may each be a flat surface extending from the upper surface 20 by about 1.0 ⁇ to 3.0 ⁇ meters, preferably about 1.5 ⁇ .
  • the upper lip surface 910 of the recess is preferably terminated by a pointed or rounded transition surface 911.
  • Adjacent to the convex upper side 810 is a higher convex ⁇ -contact surface 820.
  • the upper recessed first contact surface 920 is adjacent to, for example, the upper lip surface 910 of the recess, and in the state where the mounting is completed, the higher recessed first contact surface 920 is adjacent to the higher convex first contact surface 820. And generally face to face.
  • the higher convex first contact surface 820 extends from the upper side 810 of the convex portion by about 0.1 mm to 1.0 mm, and is preferably about 0.5 mm.
  • the higher convex ⁇ -contact surface 820 may include a sharpened or rounded transition surface 821 that is adjacent to another technical feature on the convex contour 805, which may be the upper side of the second convex portion 822.
  • the second raised upper side 822 can be generally orthogonal to the upper surface 20 and/or the ground contacting surface 30. As shown in FIG. 10, the higher recessed first contact surface 920 is adjacent to the second concave upper lip surface 922.
  • the second concave upper lip surface 922 may be, for example, parallel to the second convex upper side 822 and in contact with each other. Two convex 5 ⁇
  • the upper side 822 and the second concave upper lip 922 may extend from 0.1 to 1. 0 ⁇ , recommended 0. 5 ⁇ meters.
  • the second recess upper lip surface 922 can include a pointed or rounded transition surface 923.
  • Adjacent to the second raised upper side 822 is a higher raised second contact surface 824.
  • the higher raised second contact surface 824 can include a pointed or rounded transition surface 825. As shown in FIG.
  • the higher recess second contact surface 924 can be adjacent, for example, to the upper side 922 of the recess, and in the state where the mounting is completed, the second recess 924 and the higher projection are higher.
  • the two contact faces 824 are adjacent and generally coplanar.
  • Adjacent to the higher convex second contact surface 824 is a convex side 830.
  • the lower convex third contact surface 870 and the lower concave third contact surface are started from this point. Within the section of the contact point between 970, no other contact points are recommended.
  • the convex side 830 begins at the higher convex second contact surface 824.
  • the convex side 830 may include a pointed or rounded transition surface 831 and two planar portions 832.
  • the second horizontal portion 832 of the convex side 830 can include a pointed or rounded transition surface 833.
  • the back groove 840 Adjacent to the convex side 830 is a back groove 840.
  • the back groove 840 may include three back groove faces: a first back groove face 840a, a second back groove face 840b, and a third back groove face 840c.
  • the first back groove surface 840a may begin at rounding 833.
  • the first back groove surface 840a may include a pointed or rounded transition surface 841a.
  • the second back groove surface 840b adjacent to the first back groove surface 840a may extend from about 0.5 to 5,000 meters, and is preferably about 1. 0 mil.
  • the second back groove surface 840b may include a sharp corner or a rounded transition surface 841b.
  • the third back groove surface 840c adjacent to the second back groove surface 840b may include a sharp corner or a rounded transition surface 841c.
  • the convex lower surface 850 Adjacent to the rounded transition surface 841c, the convex lower surface 850 extends, for example, in a direction generally parallel to the upper surface 20 and/or the ground contact surface 30.
  • the raised lower surface 850 can include a pointed or rounded transition surface 851, which can be a convex guide surface 860 adjacent the convex contour 805.
  • the convex guiding surface 860 can be, for example,
  • the angle between the lower surface 850 of the convex portion is ⁇ 31 , and ⁇ 31 may be between 90 degrees and 150 degrees, and is preferably 120 degrees.
  • the lower convex third contact surface 870 is substantially orthogonal to the upper surface 20 and the ground contact surface 30. Adjacent to the lower convex third contact surface 870-end may be a convex edge interface 880 which may be substantially parallel to the convex guiding surface 860.
  • the convex boundary surface 880 terminates at the first convex transition surface 890.
  • the raised first transition surface 890 can be generally parallel to the upper surface 20 and/or the ground contact surface 30, which terminates in a pointed or rounded transition surface 891.
  • the second raised transition surface 892 extends from the first raised transition surface 890 to the ground contact surface 30, the second convex transition surface 892 being substantially orthogonal to the upper surface 20 and/or the ground contact surface 30.
  • the projection 806 is defined by a cam profile 805 located between the upper surface 20 and the ground contact surface 30, which may begin at the upper side 810 of the projection orthogonal to the upper surface 20.
  • the higher concave second contact surface 924 is longer than the higher convex second contact surface 824.
  • Adjacent to the higher recess second contact surface 924 is a recess side 930.
  • the recess side 930 can include a first planar portion 932.
  • Immediately adjacent to one plane portion 932 is two planar portions 934, the angle between the second planar portion 934 and the one planar portion 932 is ⁇ 34 , and ⁇ 34 may be between 90 degrees and 160 degrees, and 140 degrees is recommended.
  • the recessed side 930 can also include a continuous curved surface 936 adjacent one end of the two planar portions 934. > The continuous curved surface 936 can include a plurality of planes and curved surfaces as needed.
  • the recessed side 930 may be a recessed lower surface 950, and the recessed lower surface 950 may be substantially parallel to the upper surface 20 and/or the ground contact surface 30.
  • the recessed lower surface 950 may have a sharpened or rounded transition surface 951 between the next technical feature on the recess contour 905.
  • the next technical feature referred to herein may be the recess boundary surface 960.
  • the angle between the concave boundary surface 960 and the concave lower surface 950 is ⁇ 35 , and ⁇ 35 may be between 90 and 150 degrees, and is preferably 120 degrees.
  • the low recess third contact surface 970 is substantially orthogonal to the upper surface 20 and/or the ground contact surface 30. Adjacent to the lower end of the lower recessed third contact surface 970 may be a recessed guiding surface 980 which may be substantially parallel to the recessed boundary surface 960.
  • the recess guide surface 980 can include a pointed or rounded transition surface 981.
  • the first recess transition surface 990 Adjacent to the recess guide surface 980, the end is a recessed transition surface 990.
  • the first recess transition surface 990 can be generally parallel to the upper surface 20 and/or the ground contact surface 30, which terminates in a pointed or rounded transition surface 991.
  • the second concave transition surface 992 extends from the first concave transition surface 990 to the ground contact surface 30, and the second concave transition surface 992 can be substantially orthogonal to the upper surface 20 and/or the ground contact surface 30.
  • the recess 906 is defined by a recess outline 905 between the upper surface 20 and the ground contact surface 30, which may extend to be tangential to the recess side 930 and substantially orthogonal to the upper surface 20 and/or the ground contact surface 30.
  • the technical features on the recess contour 905 can be matched to the various technical features on the cam profile 805.
  • FIG 11 shows the installation process of three identical floor panels 10a, 10b and 10c.
  • the floorboard 10a and the floorboard 10b are installed by the method described above.
  • the floor panel 10c is mounted by placing its two convex end faces on the corresponding concave end faces of the other two floor panels.
  • the floor panel 10c can be introduced into each of the corresponding four end faces by applying pressure to the end faces of the projections. It is in this way that the floor system 500 covers a certain area of the ground.
  • Figure 12 shows the installed floor system 500 covering a complete rectangular floor area.
  • the upper surface 20 of each floor panel can be seen on this map.
  • some floorboards 10 need to be cut before installation.
  • Figures 13 through 26 show other embodiments of the invention which may have different sizes and line styles.
  • Figure 13 shows an alternative embodiment in which the projections 106 have no back grooves.

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Description

地板块、 地板系统及铺设地板系统的方法 技术领域
本发明涉及一种地板块， 多块地板块构成的地板系统及铺设 地板的方法。 背景技术
硬木用作地面覆盖物已经有几百年的历史， 而硬木地板和复 合木地板也已经使用传统的 "榫头-榫槽" 结构进行连接。 在传统 的 "榫头-榫槽" 结构中， 榫头及对应的榫槽可以通过将榫头在与 地板相同的平面内向榫槽水平移动而轻松地进行连接。 尽管这种 安装方法比较简单， 但是榫头、 榫槽的连接会易受外力或与温度 相关因素的干扰而松脱。 人们不喜欢地板松脱， 一是因为它会造 成安装好的地板解体， 二是因为它不美观。
为了解决这种 "榫头-榫槽" 结构易松脱的问题， "榫头-榫 槽" 设计不但要保持榫头、 榫槽的横向连接， 而且要在水平方向 锁住地板。 然而， 能够克服易于松脱的设计却可能造成安装上的 困难。 发明内容
本发明的任务是提供一种新型的 "凸-凹，， 结构， 其不仅能够 保证凸部、 凹部之间的横向连接和水平方向锁定， 而且安装非常 方便且不易松脱， 即使在墙角处安装也很方便。
从地板块方面看， 地板块包括： 上表面； 与地面的接触面； 带有凹部的侧表面 （ "凹部端面" ） ， 该侧表面包括靠近上表面 的上唇、 下唇及包括较高的凹部第一接触面、 较低的凹部第二接 触面和凹部导引面的凹部； 以及带凸部的侧表面（ "凸部端面" ）， 该侧表面上的凸部包括了较高的凸部第一接触面、 较低的凸部笫 二接触面、 凸部导引面。 当把一块地板的凸部放在另一块相同地 板的凹部上， 并且向其施加基本与上表面基本正交方向的压力 时， 该压力使凸部导引面与凹部导引面相接触， 并将凸部导入凹 部。 当一块地板的凸部端面与另一块完全相同地板的凹部端面连 接后， 较高的凸部笫一接触面和较高的凹部第一接触面相接合， 从而可以避免地板块在正交于上表面的方向松脱； 较低的凸部第 二接触面与较低的凹部第二接触面相接合， 从而可以避免地板块 在正交于凸部端面方向松脱。
地板块的材料既可以是木质复合材料， 例如中密度纤维板
( MDF ) 或高密度纤维板 （HDF ) ， 也可以是天然木材、 竹材， 还 可以是具有一定弹性的其它材料。
当一块地板的凸部端面与另一块完全相同地板的凹部端面相 连接时， 在凸部和凹部下唇之间可以形成一个空腔。 较低的凸部 第二接触面与较低的凹部笫二接触面可以与上表面之间形成 90 度的夹角。
地板块的厚度大约在 0. 5 厘米到 1. 5 厘米之间。 凸部基本贯 穿于凸部端面的全长。 凹部基本贯穿于凹部端面的全长。 地板块 也可以具有另一个凸部端面 （ "笫二凸部端面" ） 和另一个凹部 端面 （ "笫 凹部端面" ） ， 凸部下表面上可以有一个背槽。
本发明的另一种方案是地板块包括： 上表面； 与地面的接触 面； 带有凹部的侧表面 （ "凹部端面" ） , 该侧 面包括靠近上 表面的上唇、 下唇及包括较高的凹部第一接触面、 较低的四部第 二接触面和凹部导引面的凹部； 以及带凸部的侧表面 （ "凸部端 面" ） ， 该侧表面上的凸部包括了较高的凸部笫一接触面、 较低 的凸部笫二接触面、 凸部导引面， 其中在较高的凹部第一接触面 外端有第二凹部上唇面， 上述第二凹部上唇面与较高的凹部笫二 接触面相连， 其中凹部第一上唇面与凹部笫二上唇面基本平行； 较高的凹部第一接触面与较高的凹部笫二接触面基本平行。
上述地板块， 在较高的凸部笫一接触面外端有笫二凸部上侧 面， 上述第二凸部上侧面与较高的凸部第二接触面相连， 其中凸 部第一上侧面与凸部笫二上侧面基本平行； 较高的凸部第一接触 面与较高的凸部第二接触面基本平行。
本发明还提供了一种地板块， 包括： 上表面； 与地面的接触 面； 带有凹部的侧表面 （ "凹部端面" ） ， 该侧表面包括靠近上 表面的上唇、 下唇及包括较高的凹部第一接触面、 较低的凹部第 二接触面和凹部导引面的凹部； 以及带凸部的侧表面 （ "凸部端 面" ） ， 该侧表面上的凸部包括了较高的凸部笫一接触面、 较低 的凸部第二接触面、 凸部导引面， 其中凸部下表面上可以有一个 背槽
从地板系统方面看， 地板系统包括： 笫一地板块和笫二地板 块， 第一地板块包括： 上表面； 与地面的接触面； 凹部端面， 该 凹部端面包括： （ 1 ) 靠近上表面的上唇、 （ 2 ) 下唇及 （ 3 ) 包 括较高的凹部第一接触面、 较低的凹部笫二接触面和凹部导引面 的凹部。 第二地板块包括： 上表面； 与地面的接触面； 以及凸部 端面， 该凸部端面上的凸部包括了较高的凸部笫一接触面、 较低 的凸部第二接触面、 凸部导引面。 当把一块地板的凸部放在另一 块相同地板的凹部上， 并且向其施加基本与上表面正交方向的压 力时， 该压力使凸部导引面与凹部导引面相接触， 并将凸部导入 凹部。 当一块地板的凸部端面与另一块完全相同地板的凹部端面 连接后， 较高的凸部笫一接触面和较高的凹部第一接触面相接 合， 从而可以避免地板块在正交于上表面的方向松脱； 较低的凸 部笫二接触面与较低的凹部第二接触面相接合， 从而可以避免地 板块在正交于凸部端面的方向松脱。
在凸部和凹部下唇之间可以形成一个空腔。 较低的凸部第二 接触面与较低的凹部第二接触面可以与上表面之间形成 90 度的 夹角。
从铺设地板系统的方法看， 铺设地板系统， 包括定位第一个 具有上述特征的地板块以及定位笫二个具有上述特征的地板块。 放置笫一地板块， 将上述第一地板块的地面接触面放置于待铺设 地板的地面或衬垫材料上； 放置第二地板块； 将上述第二地板块 的凸部被放置于第一地板块的凹部下唇上； 在与上表面正交的方 向上， 向上表面施加一个压力， 该压力导致凸部导引面与凹部导 引面接触， 并将凸部导入凹部。 附图说明
下面借助附图所示实施例详细描述本发明的各个特征。
图 1 是包括了凸部端面和凹部端面地板块的透视图； 图 2A 是图 1 中地板块凸部端面的侧剖面图； 图 2B 是图 1 中地板块凹部端面的侧剖面图；
图 3 是一幅关于图 2A 中的凸部端面正在部分地接合于图 2B 中的凹部端面的侧剖面图；
图 4是另一幅关于图 2A中的凸部端面正在部分地接合于图 2B 中的凹部端面的侧剖面图；
图 5 是一幅关于图 2A 中的凸部端面已经安装入图 2B 中的凹 部端面的的侧剖面图；
图 6 是一幅关于凸部端面安装入凹部端面的第二个实施例的 侧剖面图；
图 7 是第一幅关于笫二个实施例的侧剖面图， 图中显示凸部 端面与凹部端面的最初安装状态；
图 8 是第二幅关于如图 7 所示第二个实施例的侧剖面图， 图 中显示凸部端面已经部分地安装于凹部端面；
图 9 是笫三幅关于如图 7 所示第二个实施例的侧剖面图， 图 中显示凸部端面已经部分地安装于凹部端面；
图 1 0 是笫四幅关于如图 7 所示笫二个实施例的侧剖面图， 图中显示凸部已经装入凹部；
图 11 是地板系统的局部透视图；
图 12 是如图 11所示地板系统的俯视图；
图 1 3-26 是更多关于连接凸部端面与凹部端面实施例的侧剖 面图 具体实施方式
如图 1 所示， 地板块 10通常具有一个上表面 20和一个地面 接触面 30， 这两个面通常推荐采用彼此平行的平面。 当安装地板 块时， 地板块的地面接触面 30接触到地面 40或一种衬垫材料上， 衬垫材料例如可以是发泡地膜 50 , 该发泡地膜可以选择性地安装 于地面 40 和地板块 1 0之间。 当地板块 1 0 安装完成后， 可以看 到上表面 20。 上表面可以包括装饰 60 , 装饰 60可以是仿木紋或 任何其它装饰图案， 例如也可以模仿石材。 装饰 60 可以包括层 状装饰， 并可以用任何已知的方法制作， 例如， 将木纹照片层压 在地板块和塑料封套之间。 装饰 60 还可以是一定数量的其它材 料， 例如木材、 竹材。 例如， 装饰 60可以是薄木皮。
地板块 10的原材料可以是任何合适的材料， 例如木材、 木质 复合材料、 聚合体或其它具有一定弹性的材料。 如果地板块采用 木质复合材料， 那么木质复合材料可以包括中密度纤维板 （MDF ) 或高密度纤维板（HDF) 。 地板块 10的上表面 20和地面接触面 30 可被加工成任何尺寸和形状。 例如， 地板块可以是长方形， 宽 0.2 米， 长 1.2 米。 地板块 10的上表面 20和地面接触面 30之间的 厚度可以是在大约 5.0亳米到 15.0亳米之间的任何适当厚度。
如图 1所示， 地板块 10包括凸部端面 100和凹部端面 200。 在推荐的实施例中， 凸部端面 100 和凹部端面 200 是地板块 10 上彼此相对的侧面。 如图 1 所示， 当地板块 10 包括两个凸部端 面 100， 100，和两个凹部端面 200, 200，时， 凸部端面 100， 100， 通常是地板块 10彼此相邻的两个侧面， 凹部端面 200， 200，也通 常是彼此相邻的两个侧面。 多个地板块 10 是通过将每一个地板 块的凸部端面 100 或 100，与至少另外一个地板块的凹部端面 200 或 200，相连接， 从而安装成一个地板系统。
尽管地板块 10 通常具有两个凸部端面 100, 100，和通常分别 与其相对的两个凹部端面 200, 200', 地板块 10也可以只包括一 个凸部端面 100 和一个凹部端面 200。 本发明的另外一个实施例 可能只具有一个凸部端面 100 或一个凹部端面 200， 而不是同时 包含两者。 这样的地板块例如适于铺设在墙 或两面相邻墙壁构 成的墙角。 本发明的其它实施例可能包括超过一个凸部端面 100， 但是只包括一个凹部端面 200; 或者可能包括超过一个凹部端面 200， 但是只包括一个凸部端面 100。
图 2A显示了地板块 10截面 ΠΑ- ΠΑ上凸部端面 100的剖面 图。 在实施例中， 地板块 10 的上表面 20和地面接触面 30之间 的厚度 T1 可以为 5.0亳米到 15.0亳米之间， 推荐的厚度为 8.2 亳米或 12.3亳米。 如图 2A所示， 凸部端面 100的特征在于上表 面 20和地面接触面 30之间的轮廓线。 凸部轮廓线 105按顺序具 有平面、 曲面及在上表面 20和地面接触面 30之间的各个技术特 征。
如图 2A所示， 凸部上侧面 110基本正交于上表面 20且与其 相邻。 在实施例中， 凸部上侧面 110 可以是一个平面， 从上表面
20延伸大约 2.0亳米至 3.0亳米， 推荐大约 2.3亳米。 与凸部上 侧面 110相邻的是较高的凸部第一接触面 120， 从凸部上侧面 110 延伸出大约 0.5 亳米到 1.0 亳米， 推荐大约 0.65 亳米。 凸部上 侧面 110与较高的凸部笫一接触面 120之间的夹角为 θ15 其范围 可以从 90度到 135 度， 推荐大约 110度角。 较高的凸部第一接 触面 120推荐终结于一个倒圆 121。
与较高的凸部第一接触面 120 相邻的是凸部侧面 130。 凸部 侧面 130始于较高的凸部第一接触面 120,向地面接触面 30延伸， 终止于一个倒圆 131， 并毗邻于凸部轮廓线 105 上的下一个技术 特征， 例如可以是背槽 140， 或凸部下表面 150。 在安装过程中， 背槽内部可以产生一定弹性和张力， 一方面大大降低了凹部下唇 下弯的缺陷， 另一方面安装到位后张力能够保证凸部与凹部的接 触部位保持良好接触， 同时由于背槽是基本沿地板竖直方向或略 偏一点的方向开槽， 也不会明显降低凸部的强度。
如图 2Α 所示， 背槽 140 可以包括三个背槽面： 笫一背槽面 140a、 笫二背槽面 140b及笫三背槽面 140c。 笫一背槽面 140a可 以始于倒圆 131 的一端， 长度从大约 2.5 亳米至大约 3.5 亳米， 推荐大约 3.0亳米。 笫一背槽面 140a与笫三背槽面 140c之间可 以平行， 也可以有夹角。 笫二背槽面 140b 的长度大约在 1.0 亳 米到 2.0亳米之间， 推荐大约 1.5 亳米。 背槽 140具有由第二背 槽面 140b 和第三背槽面 140c 形成的过渡面 141b， 过渡面 141b 既可以是尖角， 也可以是倒圆。
凸部下表面 150与第三背槽面 140c相邻， 且基本平行于上表 面 20和 /或地面接触面 30。 在凸部下表面 150与其它技术特征之 间可以有一个尖角或倒圆过渡面 151， 凸部轮廓线 105 上的相邻 技术特征可以指凸部导引面 160。 凸部导引面 160 与凸部下表面 150之间的夹角为 θ4， θ4可以在 190度到 270度之间， 推荐为 240 度。
与凸部导引面 160 —端相邻的可以是较低的凸部笫二接触面 170， 其长度可以为 0.1 亳米到 1.0 亳米之间， 推荐大约 0.3 亳 米。 较低的凸部第二接触面 170 基本正交于上表面 20 和地面接 触面 30， 这使得在安装好后地板块之间的水平连接特别可靠， 不 易松脱。 与较低的凸部第二接触面 170 —端相邻的可以是凸部边 界面 180， 该面与凸部导引面 160之间可以大体平行。
凸部边界面 180终止于第一凸部过渡面 190。 凸部过渡面 190 可以大体平行于上表面 20和 /或地面接触面 30， 该面终止于一个 尖角或倒圆过渡面 191。 第二凸部过渡面 1 92 延伸自第一凸部过 渡面 190至地面接触面 30 , 该第二凸部过渡面 192基本正交于上 表面 20和 /或地面接触面 30。 在笫二凸部过渡面 192和地面接触 面 30之间推荐使用倒角 193。
因此， 凸部 1 06 由位于上表面 20和地面接触面 30之间的凸 部轮廓线 1 05 所定义， 它可以开始于正交于上表面 20 的凸部上 侧面 110。
图 2B显示了地板块 1 0截面 I IB-I IB上凹部端面 200的剖面 图。 同样， 地板块 1 0的厚度为 Tl。 如图 2Β所示， 凹部端面 2 00 的特征在于上表面 20和地面接触面 30之间的轮廓线。 凹部轮廓 线 205按顺序具有平面、 曲面及在上表面 20和地面接触面 30之 间的各个技术特征。 凹部轮廓线 2 05 的造型和尺寸推荐采用与凸 部轮廓线 105相匹配的廓形。
如图 2Β所示， 凹部上唇面 210基本正交于上表面 20且与其 相邻。 在实施例中， 凹部上唇面 21 0 例如可以是一个平面， 可以 从上表面 2 0延伸大约 2. 0亳米至 3. 0亳米， 推荐大约 2. 3亳米。 与凹部上唇面 210 相邻的是较高的凹部笫一接触面 220 , 从凹部 上唇面 210延伸出大约 0. 5亳米到 2. 0亳米， 推荐大约 1. 3亳米。 凹部上唇面 21 0与较高的凹部第一接触面 220之间的夹角为 θ6， 其范围可以从 21 0度到 270度， 推荐大约 250度角。 较高的凹部 第一接触面 220推荐终结于一个尖角或倒圆的过渡面 221。
与较高的凹部笫一接触面 220 相邻的是凹部侧面 230。 凹部 侧面 230始于较高的凹部笫一接触面 220，向地面接触面 30延伸， 终止于例如一个倒圆 231 , 并毗邻于凹部轮廓线 205 上的下一个 技术特征， 例如可以是凹部下表面 250。
如图 2Β所示， 凹部下表面 250可以基本平行于上表面 2 0和 / 或地面接触面 30。 凹部下表面 250的长度例如可以为 4. 0亳米至 8. 0 亳米， 推荐为大约 6. 0 亳米。 在凹部下表面 250与其它技术 特征之间可以有一个倒圆过渡面 251， 凹部轮廓线 205 上的相邻 技术特征可以指凹部边界面 260。 凹部边界面 260 与凹部下表面 250之间的夹角为 θ9， θ9可以在 100度到 150度之间， 推荐为 120 度。
与凹部边界面 260—端相邻的是较低的凹部笫二接触面 270， 其长度可以为 0. 1 毫米到 1. 0亳米之间， 推荐大约 0. 3亳米。 较 低的凹部第二接触面 270基本正交于上表面 20和 /或地面接触面 30。 与较低的凹部第二接触面 270 —端相邻的可以是凹部导引面 280, 该面与凹部边界面 260之间可以大体平行。 凹部导引面 280 可以包括一个尖角或倒圆的过渡面 281。
毗邻于凹部导引面 280 —端是笫一凹部过渡面 290。 笫一凹 部过渡面 290可以大体平行于上表面 2 0和 /或地面接触面 30， 该 面终止于一个尖角或倒圆过渡面 291。 第二凹部过渡面 292 延伸 自笫一凹部过渡面 290至地面接触面 30， 该笫二凹部过渡面 292 基本正交于上表面 20和 /或地面接触面 30。在第二凹部过渡面 292 和地面接触面 30之间推荐使用倒角 293。
因此， 凹部 206 由位于上表面 20和地面接触面 30之间的凹 部轮廓线 205 所定义， 它可以开始于基本正交于上表面 20 的凹 部上唇面 210， 并且相切于过渡面 221。 图 2Β 中显示的凹部轮廓 线 205可以与凸部轮廓线 105相配合。
正如我们上面所描述的， 显示于图 2Α和图 2Β 中的地板块 10 具有例如 8. 2 亳米的厚度。 地板块 1 0 可以采用任何其它希望的 厚度， 例如 12. 3亳米。 以上各段所描述的尺寸可以因此而调整。
这些地板块 10中的轮廓线可以通过已知的铣工进行成型。 铣 床上可以包括用于成型凸部和凹部技术特征的铣刀， 具有例如四 方形边缘的未经加工的地板块 10 通过铣刀， 去除一部分地板材 料， 以制成符合要求的廓形。 为了制成符合要求的廓形， 可能需 要多次通过铣刀。 如果地板块 10 是长方形的， 那么可以同时加 工两条相对边。
现在参考图 3， 第一个地板块 10的凸部端面 100与毗邻的另 一个地板块的凹部端面 200 处于准备安装的状态下。 在一个推荐 的安装例中， 将包含凹部端面 200 的第一个地板块 10 的地面接 触面 30 放置于地面上或更推荐在地面上铺设衬垫材料。 将包含 凸部端面 100 的地板块 10放置在凹部端面 200 的旁边， 并使得 过渡面 121 与部分凹部上唇面 210相接触， 同时， 将部分凹部导 引面 160置于至少部分凹部导引面 280上。 如图 3所示， 两个地 板块 10基本平行。
图 4 显示了力 300, 方向例如基本与地面正交， 该力作用于 包含凸部端面 100的地板块 10的上表面 20。 力 300 可以通过手 工施加也可以通过工具施加。 力 300导致一部分凸部侧面 130压 在凹部上唇面 210上， 且一部分凸部导引面 160压在凹部导引面 280上。 凹部导引面 280向包含凹部端面 200地板块 10的内部坡 入并向地面接触面 30坡下。
随着力 300持续施加于地板块 10， 凸部导引面 160沿着凹部 导引面 280向内、 向下滑入， 而且一部分凸部侧面 130沿着凹部 上唇面 210滑离上表面 20。 这导致凸部 106以楔形方式插入凹部 206。 在这个过程中， 一部分位于凹部下表面 250与地面接触面 40 之间的凹部向外偏离， 并且增加了凹部 206 的开口。 如果凸部上 带有背槽 140， 那么凸部 106楔形插入凹部 206也会导致凸部 106 上背槽 140 的变形， 以减小安装过程中凸部的尺寸。 无论是凸部 端面 100 的变形或凹部端面 200 的外偏会达到一定程度， 足以导 致凸部 106 穿过凹部导引面 280进入凹部 206, 并足以导致凸部 侧面 130 穿过凹部上唇面 210进入凹部 206。 至此， 相邻的地板 块 10通过将凸部 106稳定地接合于凹部 206而彼此连接。
图 5显示， 位于笫一个地板块 10凸部端面 100上的凸部 106 已经安装入位于另一个地板块 10凹部端面 200上的凹部 206。 当 连接完成， 凸部上侧面 110 紧贴在凹部上唇面 210上， 以至于在 两个地板块的上表面之间基本没有缝隙。 当连接完成， 较高的凸 部第一接触面 120与较高的凹部第一接触面 220之间彼此配合， 以阻止地板块 10在正交于上表面 20的方向上松脱。 当连接完成， 它还能防止带凸部端面 100 的地板块向远离地面 40 的方向变形。 如图 5 所示， 较低的凸部笫二接触面 170与较低的凹部笫二接触 面 270之间彼此配合，以阻止地板块 10在基本正交于凸部端面 100 的方向松脱。 当连接完成， 它可以阻止带凸部端面 1 00 的地板块
1 0从带凹部端面 200 的地板块 1 0上松脱， 该松脱可能造成在地 板块 1 0的上表面 20之间产生缝隙。
较低的凸部接触面 170 与较低的凹部接触面 270 可以与上表 面 20和 /或地面接触面 30相正交。
凸部 1 06 和凹部 206 如果经过适当加工， 在地板块按照图 5 显示的方式安装就位以后， 可以使凹部下唇 212 不发生外偏， 且 背槽 140 不发生变形。 当凸部端面 1 00安装入凹部端面 200 , 在 凸部轮廓线 1 05 和凹部轮廓线 205 之间可以形成一个空隙 4 00。 空隙 400 可以具有任何合适的形状和尺寸， 并且至少部分地由凸 部轮廓线 1 05 和凹部轮廓线 205 所限定。 需要注意的是， 凸部端 面 1 00和凹部端面 200 的特定尺寸， 包括凸部 106和凹部 206， 可能因地板块 1 0的材料或厚度等因素的不同而改变。
图 6显示了关于已连接的凸部端面 500和凹部端面 600的笫 二个推荐的实施例。 这里， 地板块 1 0上表面 20和地面接触面 30 之间的厚度为 T 3。 正如图 6所示， 凸部端面 5 00的特征在于上表 面 20和地面接触面 30之间的轮廓线 5 05。 凹部端面 600的特征 在于上表面 20和地面接触面 30之间的轮廓线 605。 凸部轮廓线 505和凹部轮廓线 605按顺序分别具有平面、 曲面及在上表面 20 和地面接触面 30之间的各个技术特征。
凸部上侧面 51 0和凹部上唇面 61 0紧邻上表面 20, 且相互之 间夹角为 θ„， θ„可以从 0度到 3度， 推荐大约 1度。 在实施例 中， 凸部上侧面 51 0和凹部上唇面 610可以分别为一个平面， 从 上表面 20延伸大约 1. 0 亳米至 3. 0 亳米， 推荐大约 2. 0 亳米。 凹部上唇面 61 0推荐终止于一个尖角或倒圆过渡面 611。
与凸部上侧面 510 相邻的是较高的凸部第一接触面 520。 如 图 6所示， 较高的凹部第一接触面 620例如毗邻凹部上唇面 610， 在完成安装的状态下， 较高的凹部笫一接触面 620 与较高的凸部 笫一接触面 520临近并大体共面。
较高的凸部笫一接触面 520从凸部上侧面 51 0延伸出大约 0. 1 亳米到 1. 0亳米， 推荐大约 0. 5毫米。 较高的凸部第一接触面 520 可以包括尖角或倒圆的过渡面 521， 该过渡面 521 紧邻凸部轮廓 ∑Kjl / Vit
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线 5 05 上的另一个技术特征， 该技术特征可能是第二凸部上侧面 522。 笫二凸部上侧面 522 可以与上表面 20和 /或地面接触面 30 大体正交。 如图 6 所示， 较高的凹部第一接触面 620 紧邻于第二 凹部上唇面 622。 在完成安装的状态下， 第二凹部上唇面 622 例 如可以平行于笫二凸部上侧面 522， 并与其彼此接触。 第二凸部 上侧面 522和笫二凹部上唇面 622可以延伸 0. 1亳米至 1. 0亳米， 推荐 0. 5 亳米。 第二凹部上唇面 622可以包括一个尖角或倒圆的 过渡面 623。
与笫二凸部上侧面 522相邻的是较高的凸部笫二接触面 524。 较高的第二凸部接触面 524 大体与较高的笫一凸部接触面 520平 行， 且可以从凸部上侧面 51 0延伸出大约 0. 5 亳米到 1. 5 亳米， 推荐大约 1. 2 亳米。 较高的凸部笫二接触面 524 可以包括尖角或 倒圆的过渡面 525。 如图 6 所示， 较高的凹部笫二接触面 624 例 如可以与凹部笫二上侧面 622 相邻， 在完成安装的状态下， 较高 的凹部第二接触面 624 与较高的凸部笫二接触面 524 临近并大体 共面。
与较高的凸部第二接触面 524 相邻的是凸部侧面 530。 在如 图 6 所示的安装好的状态下， 沿着凸部轮廓线 5 05 和凹部轮廓线 605 , 在从此点开始至较低的凸部第三接触面 570 和较低的凹部 笫三接触面 670之间接触点的区段内， 推荐没有其它接触点。
在较高的凸部笫一接触面 520、 笫二凸部上侧面 522、 较高的 凸部第二接触面 524 区段内， 上述凸部 5 06 的轮廓线大致构成了 一种台阶状， 这种设计大大方便了安装。
沿着凸部轮廓线 505， 凸部侧面 530 始于较高的凸部第二接 触面 524。 凸部侧面 530 可以包括一个尖角或倒圆的过渡面 531 以及第二个平面部分 5 32。 凸部侧面 530 的第二个水平部分 532 可以包括一个尖角或倒圆地过渡面 533。
紧靠凸部侧面 530 的是背槽 540。 背槽 540 可以包括三个背 槽面: 第一背槽面 540a、 笫二背槽面 540b及笫三背槽面 540c。 第一背槽面 540a可以始于倒圆 533。 第一背槽面 540a 可以包括 一个尖角或倒圆的过渡面 541a。
紧邻笫一背槽面 540a 的笫二背槽面 540b 可以延伸大约 0. 5 亳米至 1. 5 亳米， 推荐大约 1. 0 亳米。 第二背槽面 540b 可以包 括一个尖角或倒圆的过渡面 541b。
紧邻第二背槽面 540b 的第三背槽面 540c 可以包括一个尖角 或倒圆的过渡面 541 c。
紧邻倒圆过渡面 541 c， 凸部下表面 550例如沿着与上表面 20 和 /或地面接触面 30 大体平行的方向延伸。 凸部下表面 550 可以 包括一个尖角或倒圆的过渡面 551， 过渡面 551 紧邻着凸部轮廓 线 505上的可以是凸部导引面 560。 凸部导引面 560例如可以与 凸部下表面 550之间的夹角为 θ18， θ18可以在 90度到 15 0度之间， 推荐为 120度。
与凸部导引面 560 —端相邻的可以是较低的凸部笫三接触面 570 , 其长度可以为 0. 1 亳米到 1. 0 亳米之间， 推荐大约 0. 3 毫 米。 较低的凸部第三接触面 570 基本正交于上表面 20 和地面接 触面 30。 与较低的凸部第三接触面 570—端相邻的可以是凸部边 界面 580， 该面与凸部导引面 560之间可以大体平行。
凸部边界面 580 终止于笫一凸部过渡面 590。 凸部第一过渡 面 590可以大体平行于上表面 20和 /或地面接触面 30 , 该面终止 于一个尖角或倒圆过渡面 591。 第二凸部过渡面 592 延伸自笫一 凸部过渡面 590至地面接触面 30 , 该笫二凸部过渡面 592基本正 交于上表面 2 0和 /或地面接触面 30。
因此， 凸部 5 06 由位于上表面 20和地面接触面 30之间的凸 部轮廓线 505 所定义， 它可以开始于正交于上表面 20 的凸部上 侧面 510。
如上所述， 在连接完成的状态下， 较高的凹部第二接触面 624 长于较高的凸部第二接触面 524。 与较高的凹部第二接触面 624 相邻的是凹部侧面 630。 凹部侧面 630 可以包括笫一个平面部分 632。 紧邻笫一个平面部分 632是笫二个平面部分 634 , 该笫二个 平面部分 634 与第一个平面部分 632之间的夹角为 θ21， θ21可以 在 90度至 160度， 推荐使用 140度。 凹部侧面 630 还可以包含 一个连续曲面 636， 连续曲面 636 紧邻笫二个平面部分 634 的一 端。 才 据需要， 连续曲面 636可以包括多个平面和曲面。
如图 6 所示， 紧邻凹部侧面 630 可以是凹部下表面 650， 凹 部下表面 650可以大致平行于上表面 2 0和 /或地面接触面 30。 凹 部下表面 650在与凹部轮廓线 605 上的下一个技术特征之间可以 有一个尖角或倒圆的过渡面 651。 这里说的下一个技术特征可以 是凹部边界面 660。
凹部边界面 660与凹部下表面 650之间的夹角为 θ22， Θ22可 以在 90度到 150度之间， 推荐为 120度。
与凹部边界面 660 —端相邻的是较低的凹部第三接触面 67 0 , 其长度可以为 0. 1 亳米到 1. 0亳米之间， 推荐大约 0. 3亳米。 较 低的凹部第三接触面 670基本正交于上表面 20和 /或地面接触面 30。 与较低的凹部第三接触面 670 —端相邻的可以是凹部导引面 680, 该面与凹部边界面 660之间可以大体平行。 凹部导引面 680 可以包括一个尖角或倒圆的过渡面 681。
毗邻于凹部导引面 680 —端是笫一凹部过渡面 690。 笫一凹 部过渡面 690可以大体平行于上表面 20和 /或地面接触面 30， 该 面终止于一个尖角或倒圆过渡面 691。 笫二凹部过渡面 692 延伸 自笫一凹部过渡面 690至地面接触面 30， 该第二凹部过渡面 692 可以基本正交于上表面 20和 /或地面接触面 30。
因此， 凹部 606 由位于上表面 20和地面接触面 30之间的凹 部轮廓线 605 所定义， 它可以延伸至相切于凹部侧面 630且基本 正交于上表面 20和 /或地面接触面 30的一个垂面。凹部轮廓线 605 上的技术特征可以与凸部轮廍线 5 05上的各项技术特征相配合。
图 7 至图 9显示了安装图 6 中描述的凸部端面 500和凹部端 面 600 的各个步骤。 图 7 显示， 包含凸部端面 500 的地板块 10 可以将凸部端面上上表面 20和凸部上侧面 510之间的结合点 700 为旋转轴， 靠近凹部端面 600 上上表面 20 和凹部上唇面 610之 间的连接点。 凸部下表面 550靠近凹部导引面 680和凹部第一过 渡面 690之间的连接点。 图 7显示， 如果以连接点 700为轴， 将 凸部端面 500通过旋转方式装入凹部端面 600， 需要凹部端面 600 的一部发生大约 6. 3亳米的重大位移。
在图 8 中， 选取凸部端面 500 上较高的凸部笫二接触面 524 和凸部侧面 530之间的连接点 702作为笫二个旋转轴， 并将其靠 近凹部端面 600上较高的凹部笫二接触面 620和凹部笫二上唇面 622之间的接合点。 图 8 显示， 如果以连接点 702 为轴， 将凸部 端面 500通过旋转方式装入凹部端面 600， 需要凹部端面 600 的 一部发生大约 2.0亳米的较小的位移。 如图 9所示， 以连接点 702 为轴旋转， 在凸部导引面 560和凹部导引面 680之间产生了长度 为 L14的接触面。 如图 9所示， 凸部端面 500大体平行于凸部端 面 600， 从这个位置开始， 将凸部端面 500 安装入凹部端面 600 可以通过向包含凸部端面 500地板块 10的上表面 20施加一个力， 并按照图 3至图 5所描述的方式将凸部 506导入凹部 606。
图 10显示了已经将凸部端面 800安装入凹部端面 900的第三 个推荐的实施例。 这里， 地板块 10具有厚度 T4。 正如图 10所示， 凸部端面 800的特征在于上表面 20和地面接触面 30之间的轮廓 线 805。 凹部端面 900的特征在于上表面 20和地面接触面 30之 间的轮廓线 905。 凸部轮廓线 805 和凹部轮廓线 905按顺序分别 具有平面、 曲面及在上表面 20和地面接触面 30之间的各个技术 特征。
凸部上侧面 810和凹部上唇面 910紧邻上表面 20， 且相互之 间夹角为 θ24， θ24可以从 0度到 3度， 推荐大约 1度。 在实施例 中， 凸部上侧面 810和凹部上唇面 910可以分别为一个平面， 从 上表面 20延伸大约 1.0 亳米至 3. 0 亳米， 推荐大约 1.5 亳米。 凹部上唇面 910推荐终止于一个尖角或倒圆过渡面 911。
与凸部上侧面 810 相邻的是较高的凸部笫一接触面 820。 如 图 10所示，较高的凹部第一接触面 920例如毗邻凹部上唇面 910， 在完成安装的状态下， 较高的凹部笫一接触面 920 与较高的凸部 第一接触面 820临近并大体共面。
较高的凸部第一接触面 820从凸部上侧面 810延伸出大约 0.1 亳米到 1. 0亳米， 推荐大约 0.5亳米。 较高的凸部笫一接触面 820 可以包括尖角或倒圆的过渡面 821, 该过渡面 821 紧邻凸部轮廓 线 805 上的另一个技术特征， 该技术特征可能是笫二凸部上侧面 822。 第二凸部上侧面 822 可以与上表面 20和 /或地面接触面 30 大体正交。 如图 10 所示， 较高的凹部笫一接触面 920 紧邻于笫 二凹部上唇面 922。 在完成安装的状态下， 第二凹部上唇面 922 例如可以平行于第二凸部上侧面 822， 并与其彼此接触。 笫二凸 部上侧面 822和第二凹部上唇面 922可以延伸 0. 1亳米至 1. 0亳 米， 推荐 0. 5 亳米。 第二凹部上唇面 922 可以包括一个尖角或倒 圆的过渡面 923。
与第二凸部上侧面 822相邻的是较高的凸部第二接触面 824。 较高的笫二凸部接触面 824 大体与较高的笫一凸部接触面 820平 行， 且可以从凸部上侧面 81 0延伸出大约 0. 5 亳米到 1. 5 亳米， 推荐大约 1. 2 亳米。 较高的凸部第二接触面 824可以包括尖角或 倒圆的过渡面 825。 如图 10所示， 较高的凹部第二接触面 924例 如可以与凹部笫二上侧面 922 相邻， 在完成安装的状态下， 较高 的凹部第二接触面 924 与较高的凸部笫二接触面 824 临近并大体 共面。
与较高的凸部笫二接触面 824 相邻的是凸部侧面 830。 在如 图 10 所示的安装好的状态下， 沿着凸部轮廓线 805 和凹部轮廓 线 905， 在从此点开始蕈较低的凸部笫三接触面 870 和较低的凹 部第三接触面 970之间接触点的区段内， 推荐没有其它接触点。
沿着凸部轮廓线 805， 凸部侧面 830 始于较高的凸部第二接 触面 824。 凸部侧面 830 可以包括一个尖角或倒圆的过渡面 831 以及笫二个平面部分 832。 凸部侧面 830 的第二个水平部分 832 可以包括一个尖角或倒圆地过渡面 833。
紧靠凸部侧面 830 的是背槽 840。 背槽 840 可以包括三个背 槽面： 笫一背槽面 840a、 笫二背槽面 840b及笫三背槽面 840c。 第一背槽面 840a 可以始于倒圆 833。 第一背槽面 840a 可以包括 一个尖角或倒圆的过渡面 841a。
紧邻第一背槽面 840a 的笫二背槽面 840b 可以延伸大约 0. 5 亳米至 1. 5 亳米， 推荐大约 1. 0 亳米。 第二背槽面 840b 可以包 括一个尖角或倒圆的过渡面 841b。
紧邻第二背槽面 840b 的笫三背槽面 840c 可以包括一个尖角 或倒圆的过渡面 841 c。
紧邻倒圆过渡面 841c， 凸部下表面 850例如沿着与上表面 20 和 /或地面接触面 30 大体平行的方向延伸。 凸部下表面 850 可以 包括一个尖角或倒圆的过渡面 851， 过渡面 851 紧邻着凸部轮廓 线 805 上的可以是凸部导引面 860。 凸部导引面 860例如可以与 凸部下表面 850之间的夹角为 θ31， θ31可以在 90度到 150度之间， 推荐为 120度。
与凸部导引面 860 —端相邻的可以是较低的凸部第三接触面 870, 其长度可以为 0. 1 亳米到 1. 0 亳米之间， 推荐大约 0. 3 亳 米。 较低的凸部第三接触面 870 基本正交于上表面 20 和地面接 触面 30。 与较低的凸部第三接触面 870—端相邻的可以是凸部边 界面 880， 该面与凸部导引面 860之间可以大体平行。
凸部边界面 880 终止于第一凸部过渡面 890。 凸部第一过渡 面 890可以大体平行于上表面 20和 /或地面接触面 30， 该面终止 于一个尖角或倒圆过渡面 891。 第二凸部过渡面 892 延伸自第一 凸部过渡面 890至地面接触面 30， 该笫二凸部过渡面 892基本正 交于上表面 20和 /或地面接触面 30。
因此， 凸部 806 由位于上表面 20和地面接触面 30之间的凸 部轮廓线 805 所定义， 它可以开始于正交于上表面 20 的凸部上 侧面 810。
如上所述， 在连接完成的状态下， 较高的凹部笫二接触面 924 长于较高的凸部笫二接触面 824。 与较高的凹部第二接触面 924 相邻的是凹部侧面 930。 凹部侧面 930 可以包括第一个平面部分 932。 紧邻笫一个平面部分 932是笫二个平面部分 934， 该第二个 平面部分 934 与笫一个平面部分 932之间的夹角为 θ34 , θ34可以 在 90度至 160度， 推荐使用 140度。 凹部侧面 930 还可以包含 一个连续曲面 936， 连续曲面 936 紧邻笫二个平面部分 934 的一 端。 >据需要， 连续曲面 936可以包括多个平面和曲面。
如图 10所示， 紧邻凹部侧面 930可以是凹部下表面 950， 凹 部下表面 950可以大致平行于上表面 20和 /或地面接触面 30。 凹 部下表面 950在与凹部轮廓线 905 上的下一个技术特征之间可以 有一个尖角或倒圆的过渡面 951。 这里说的下一个技术特征可以 是凹部边界面 960。
凹部边界面 960与凹部下表面 950之间的夹角为 θ35， θ35可 以在 90度到 150度之间， 推荐为 120度。
与凹部边界面 960—端相邻的是较低的凹部笫三接触面 970 , 其长度可以为 0. 1 亳米到 1. 0亳米之间， 推荐大约 0. 3亳米。 较 低的凹部第三接触面 970基本正交于上表面 20和 /或地面接触面 30。 与较低的凹部第三接触面 970 —端相邻的可以是凹部导引面 980, 该面与凹部边界面 960之间可以大体平行。 凹部导引面 980 可以包括一个尖角或倒圆的过渡面 981。
毗邻于凹部导引面 980 —端是笫一凹部过渡面 990。 第一凹 部过渡面 990可以大体平行于上表面 20和 /或地面接触面 30, 该 面终止于一个尖角或倒圆过渡面 991。 笫二凹部过渡面 992 延伸 自第一凹部过渡面 990至地面接触面 30， 该笫二凹部过渡面 992 可以基本正交于上表面 20和 /或地面接触面 30。
因此， 凹部 906 由位于上表面 20和地面接触面 30之间的凹 部轮廓线 905 所定义， 它可以延伸至相切于凹部侧面 930且基本 正交于上表面 20和 /或地面接触面 30的一个垂面。凹部轮廓线 905 上的技术特征可以与凸部轮廓线 805上的各项技术特征相配合。
图 11显示三个完全相同地板块 10a、 10b及 10c的安装过程。 地板块 10a和地板块 10b通过上面描述过的方法安装。地板块 10c 通过将其两个凸部端面放置于另外两个地板块对应的凹部端面上 来进行安装。 安装地板块 10c 可以通过向凸部端面施加压力来同 时将其导入每一个对应的四部端面。 地板系统 500 正是通过这种 方式覆盖地面的一定区域。
图 12显示安装好的地板系统 500覆盖了一个完整的长方形地 板区域。 在这张图上可以看到每一格地板块的上表面 20。 为了精 确地覆盖一定尺寸和形状的地面区域， 某些地板块 10 需要在安 装前进行切割。
图 13 至 26 显示了本发明的其它实施例， 它们可能拥有不同 的尺寸和线型。 例如， 图 13 显示了一个可供选择的实施例， 在 该例中凸部 106上没有背槽。
尽管我们在上文中对本发明进行了不同的描述， 那些技术特 征应被理解为可以单独使用或联合在一起使用。 因此， 本发明不 限于本文件中描述并推荐的特定实施例。
而且， 我们理解， 那些在本发明所属领域中有经验和有技能 的人可能会注意到从属于本发明之精神与范围的一些变异和修 改。 例如， 凸部端面和凹部端面的特定尺寸明显会因地板块的材 料或厚度不同而有所变化。 因此， 熟悉本技术的人通过了解本文 件披露的技术特征， 在本发明的精神和范围内， 所能够想到的全 部修改均应当落入本发明的保护范围。 本专利本发明的保护范围 也因此由后附的权利要求书限定。

Claims

权 利 要 求
1. 一种地板块， 包括：
( 1 ) 上表面；
( 2 ) 地面接触面；
( 3 ) 至少一个凹部端面， 上述凹部端面包括：
个靠近上表面的上唇；
个下唇； 以及
个凹部， 该凹部包括至少一个较高的凹部接触面、 至少 一个较低的凹部接触面及一个凹部导引面；
( 4 ) 至少一个与凹部端面相对的凸部端面， 上述凸部端面包 括：
-与上表面相邻的凸部上侧面； 以及
-一个凸部， 该凸部包括至少一个较高的凸部第一接触面、 至 少一个较低的凸部笫二接触面及一个凸部导引面，
当把上述地板块的凸部置于另一块相同的地板块的凹部下唇 之上， 并且在与上表面正交的方向上施加压力时， 凸部导引面接 触凹部导引面， 并将凸部导入凹部； 以及
上述地板块， 当凸部端面和另一块相同地板块的凹部端面已 经安装完成时， 较高的凸部笫一接触面接合较高的凹部第一接触 面， 使地板在正交于上表面的方向上不松脱； 而且， 较低的凸部 第二接触面接合较低的凹部笫二接触面， 使地板块在正交于凸部 端面的方向上不松脱。
2. 按照权利要求 1所述的地板块， 其特征在于， 所述凸部基 本贯穿凸部端面的全长。
3. 按照权利要求 1所述的地板块， 其特征在于， 所述凹部基 本贯穿凹部端面的全长。
4. 按照权利要求 1所述的地板块， 其特征在于， 上述地板块， 在较高的凹部第一接触面外端有笫二凹部上唇面， 上述第二凹部 上唇面与较高的凹部第二接触面相连， 其中凹部第一上唇面与凹 部笫二上唇面平行； 较高的凹部第一接触面与较高的凹部笫二接 触面平行， 上述地板块， 在较高的凸部第一接触面外端有第二凸部上侧 面， 上迷第二凸部上侧面与较高的凸部笫二接触面相连， 其中凸 部笫一上侧面与凸部第二上侧面平行； 较高的凸部第一接触面与 较高的凸部第二接触面平行。
5. 按照权利要求 1所述的地板块， 其特征在于， 上述地板块 在凸部下表面上有一个背槽。
6. —种地板块， 包括：
( 1 ) 上表面；
( 2 ) 地面接触面；
( 3 ) 至少一个凹部端面， 上述凹部端面包括：
个靠近上表面的上唇；
个下唇； 以及
个凹部， 该凹部包括至少一个较高的凹部接触面、 至少 一个较低的凹部接触面及一个凹部导引面；
( 4 ) 至少一个与凹部端面相对的凸部端面， 上述凸部端面包 括：
- 与上表面相邻的凸部上侧面； 以及
——个凸部， 该凸部包括至少一个较高的凸部第一接触面、 至少一个较低的凸部第二接触面及一个凸部导引面，
当把上述地板块的凸部置于另一块相同的地板块的凹部下唇 之上， 并且在与上表面正交的方向上施加压力时， 凸部导引面接 触凹部导引面， 并将凸部导入凹部； 以及
上述地板块， 当凸部端面和另一块相同地板块的凹部端面已 经安装完成时， 较高的凸部第一接触面接合较高的凹部第一接触 面， 使地板在正交于上表面的方向上不松脱； 而且， 较低的凸部 第二接触面接合较低的凹部笫二接触面， 使地板块在正交于凸部 端面的方向上不松脱，
上述地板块， 在较高的凹部第一接触面外端有笫二凹部上唇 面， 上述第二凹部上唇面与较高的凹部第二接触面相连， 其中凹 部第一上唇面与 EJ部第二上唇面平行； 较高的凹部第一接触面与 较高的凹部笫二接触面平行，
上述地板块， 在较高的凸部第一接触面外端有第二凸部上侧 面， 上述第二凸部上侧面与较高的凸部第二接触面相连， 其中凸 部第一上侧面与凸部第二上侧面平行； 较高的凸部第一接触面与 较高的凸部第二接触面平行。
7. 一种地板块， 包括：
( 1 ) 上表面；
( 2 ) 地面接触面；
( 3 ) 至少一个凹部端面， 上述凹部端面包括：
个靠近上表面的上唇；
个下唇； 以及
个凹部， 该凹部包括至少一个较高的凹部接触面、 至少 一个较低的凹部接触面及一个凹部导引面；
( 4 ) 至少一个与凹部端面相对的凸部端面， 上述凸部端面包 括：
一 与上表面相邻的凸部上侧面； 以及
——个凸部， 该凸部包括至少一个较高的凸部笫一接触面、 至少一个较低的凸部第二接触面及一个凸部导引面，
当把上述地板块的凸部置于另一块相同的地板块的凹部下唇 之上， 并且在与上表面正交的方向上施加压力时， 凸部导引面接 触凹部导引面， 并将凸部导入凹部； 以及
上述地板块， 当凸部端面和另一块相同地板块的凹部端面巳 经安装完成时， 较高的凸部笫一接触面接合较高的凹部第一接触 面， 使地板在正交于上表面的方向上不松脱； 而且， 较低的凸部 第二接触面接合较低的凹部第二接触面， 使地板块在正交于凸部 端面的方向上不松脱，
上述地板块在凸部下表面上有一个背槽。
8. 一种地板系统， 该地板系统包括：
第一个地板块和笫二个地板块， 其中第一个地板块包括： ( 1 ) 上表面；
( 2 ) 地面接触面；
( 3 ) 至少一个凹部端面， 上述凹部端面包括：
个靠近上表面的上唇；
个下唇； 以及 个凹部， 该凹部包括一个较高的凹部接触面、 一个较 的凹部接触面及一个凹部导引面；
其中第二个地板块包括：
( 1 ) 上表面；
( 2 ) 地面接触面；
( 3 ) 至少一个凸部端面， 上述凸部端面包括：
- 与上表面相邻的凸部上侧面； 以及
个凸部， 该凸部包括一个较高的凸部第一接触面、 一个 较低的凸部第二接触面及一个凸部导引面，
当把凸部置于凹部下唇之上， 并且在与上表面正交的方向上 施加压力时， 凸部导引面接触凹部导引面， 并将凸部导入凹部； 以及
当凸部端面和凹部端面已经安装完成时， 较高的凸部第一接 触面接合较高的凹部第一接触面， 使地板在正交于上表面的方向 上不松脱； 而且， 较低的凸部第二接触面接合较低的凹部第二接 触面， 使地板块在正交于凸部端面的方向上不松脱。
9. 权利要求 8所描述的地板系统， 其特征在于， 当凸部端面 和凹部端面相连接时， 在凸部和凹部下唇之间会形成一个空腔。
10. 权利要求 8 所描述的地板系统， 其特征在于， 较低的凸 部笫二接触面与较低的凹部笫二接触面与上表面成 90度夹角。
11. 按照权利要求 8、 9或 10所述的地板系统，
上述笫一地板块， 在较高的四部笫一接触面外端有第二凹部 上唇面， 上述第二凹部上唇面与较高的凹部笫二接触面相连， 其 中凹部第一上唇面与凹部第二上唇面平行； 较高的凹部第一接触 面与较高的凹部笫二接触面平行，
上述第二地板块， 在较高的凸部第一接触面外端有第二凸部 上侧面， 上述笫二凸部上侧面与较高的凸部第二接触面相连， 其 中凸部笫一上侧面与凸部笫二上侧面平行； 较高的凸部第一接触 面与较高的凸部笫二接触面平行。
12. —种安装按照权利要求 8至 11 中的任一项所述地板系统 的方法， 该安装地板系统的方法包括：
( 1 ) 放置第一地板块， 将上述第一地板块的地面接触面放置 于待铺设地板的地面或衬垫材料上；
( 2 ) 放置第二地板块；
( 3 ) 将上述第二地板块的凸部被放置于笫一地板块的凹部下 唇上； 以及
( 4 ) 在与上表面正交的方向上， 向上表面施加一个压力， 该 压力导致凸部导引面与凹部导引面接触， 并将凸部导入凹部。
PCT/CN2006/000684 2006-04-14 2006-04-14 Bloc de plancher d'un système de plancher et son procédé de pose WO2007118352A1 (fr)

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BRPI0621598-0A BRPI0621598A2 (pt) 2006-04-14 2006-04-14 painel de piso, sistema de pavimentação, método para instalar sistema de pavimentação, estrutura de montagem por encaixe de painel de piso e método para montar um primeiro painel de piso e um segundo painel de piso
PL13193322T PL2749710T3 (pl) 2006-04-14 2006-04-14 Panel podłogowy oraz system podłogowy
PL06722333.9T PL2009197T3 (pl) 2006-04-14 2006-04-14 Panel podłogowy, system podłogowy oraz sposób jego układania
HUE13193322A HUE038893T2 (hu) 2006-04-14 2006-04-14 Padlóelem és padlórendszer
EP13193322.8A EP2749710B1 (en) 2006-04-14 2006-04-14 Floor panel and flooring system
PT13193322T PT2749710T (pt) 2006-04-14 2006-04-14 Painel de pavimento e sistema de pavimentação
DK13193322.8T DK2749710T3 (en) 2006-04-14 2006-04-14 Floor panel and floor system
CN2006800542244A CN101415893B (zh) 2006-04-14 2006-04-14 地板块、地板系统及铺设地板系统的方法
TR2018/12068T TR201812068T4 (tr) 2006-04-14 2006-04-14 Zemin paneli ve zemin kaplama sistemi.
DK06722333.9T DK2009197T3 (en) 2006-04-14 2006-04-14 Floor block, floor system and laying method therefore
MX2008013269A MX2008013269A (es) 2006-04-14 2006-04-14 Panel de piso, sistema de piso y metodo para colocar sistema de piso.
EP06722333.9A EP2009197B1 (en) 2006-04-14 2006-04-14 A floor block, a floor system and a laying method therefor
KR1020087027862A KR101211818B1 (ko) 2006-04-14 2006-04-14 마루 패널, 마루 시스템 및 마루 시스템 시공 방법
HUE06722333A HUE027794T2 (en) 2006-04-14 2006-04-14 Floor element, floor system and procedure for assembling the floor system
US12/297,028 US8281549B2 (en) 2006-04-14 2006-04-14 Floor panel, flooring system and method for laying flooring system
ES06722333.9T ES2574671T3 (es) 2006-04-14 2006-04-14 Un bloque de suelo, un sistema de solado y un correspondiente procedimiento de colocación
PCT/CN2006/000684 WO2007118352A1 (fr) 2006-04-14 2006-04-14 Bloc de plancher d'un système de plancher et son procédé de pose
ES13193322.8T ES2674941T3 (es) 2006-04-14 2006-04-14 Panel de suelo y sistema de solado
JP2009504548A JP5415937B2 (ja) 2006-04-14 2006-04-14 フロアパネルとフローリングシステムおよびフローリングシステムの敷設方法
PT06722333T PT2009197E (pt) 2006-04-14 2006-04-14 Um bloco de pavimento, um sistema de pavimento e um método de colocação destes
AU2006342384A AU2006342384B2 (en) 2006-04-14 2006-04-14 A floor block, a floor system and a laying method therefor
CA2644265A CA2644265C (en) 2006-04-14 2006-04-14 Floor panel, flooring system and method for laying flooring system
ZA200808613A ZA200808613B (en) 2006-04-14 2008-10-09 A floor block, a floor system and a laying method therefor

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EP2009197B1 (en) 2016-04-13
JP2009533571A (ja) 2009-09-17
AU2006342384B2 (en) 2012-02-09
PT2749710T (pt) 2018-10-08
ES2574671T3 (es) 2016-06-21
MX2008013269A (es) 2009-01-21
EP2009197A4 (en) 2010-05-05
BRPI0621598A2 (pt) 2011-12-13
TR201812068T4 (tr) 2018-09-21
PT2009197E (pt) 2016-06-08
CN101415893A (zh) 2009-04-22
EP2749710A1 (en) 2014-07-02
CN101415893B (zh) 2010-05-12
US20100018147A1 (en) 2010-01-28
KR20090031347A (ko) 2009-03-25
CA2644265A1 (en) 2007-10-25
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ZA200808613B (en) 2010-03-31
HUE027794T2 (en) 2016-11-28
DK2749710T3 (en) 2018-08-27
US8281549B2 (en) 2012-10-09
ES2674941T3 (es) 2018-07-05
EP2009197A1 (en) 2008-12-31
AU2006342384A1 (en) 2007-10-25
PL2749710T3 (pl) 2018-10-31
HUE038893T2 (hu) 2018-12-28
KR101211818B1 (ko) 2012-12-12
JP5415937B2 (ja) 2014-02-12
DK2009197T3 (en) 2016-06-13
CA2644265C (en) 2013-12-10

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