WO2007104843A1 - Ensemble d'echange de chaleur entre un premier et un second fluides - Google Patents
Ensemble d'echange de chaleur entre un premier et un second fluides Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2007104843A1 WO2007104843A1 PCT/FR2007/000329 FR2007000329W WO2007104843A1 WO 2007104843 A1 WO2007104843 A1 WO 2007104843A1 FR 2007000329 W FR2007000329 W FR 2007000329W WO 2007104843 A1 WO2007104843 A1 WO 2007104843A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- modules
- primary
- module
- fluid
- assembly
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 108
- 230000008646 thermal stress Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 208000028659 discharge Diseases 0.000 claims description 25
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 description 10
- 230000035882 stress Effects 0.000 description 7
- CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N Ascorbic acid Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1OC(=O)C(O)=C1O CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000930 thermomechanical effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 210000003771 C cell Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000005465 channeling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910003460 diamond Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010432 diamond Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940038742 helium 80 % Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002028 premature Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010079 rubber tapping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D9/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D9/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
- F28D9/0006—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the plate-like or laminated conduits being enclosed within a pressure vessel
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D15/00—Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D21/00—Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
- F28D2021/0019—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for
- F28D2021/0054—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for for nuclear applications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F2250/00—Arrangements for modifying the flow of the heat exchange media, e.g. flow guiding means; Particular flow patterns
- F28F2250/10—Particular pattern of flow of the heat exchange media
- F28F2250/108—Particular pattern of flow of the heat exchange media with combined cross flow and parallel flow
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F2265/00—Safety or protection arrangements; Arrangements for preventing malfunction
- F28F2265/26—Safety or protection arrangements; Arrangements for preventing malfunction for allowing differential expansion between elements
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
- Y02E30/30—Nuclear fission reactors
Definitions
- the present invention generally relates to heat exchangers, particularly for high temperature (HTR) or very high temperature (VHTR) nuclear reactors. More specifically, the invention relates to a heat exchange assembly between a first and a second fluid, of the type comprising:
- At least one collector for collecting and discharging the primary fluid leaving the modules; and at least one collector for collecting and evacuating the secondary fluid leaving the modules.
- Document JP-2004-144422 discloses a heat exchange assembly of the above-mentioned type, in which the secondary supply and discharge manifolds are respectively disposed at the periphery and at the center of the tank and in which the collectors primary supply and discharge are arranged between the modules.
- the invention aims to provide a heat exchange assembly in which the thermomechanical stresses are lower.
- the invention relates to a heat exchange assembly of the aforementioned type, characterized in that at least some of said collectors and / or parts of said collectors extend between the modules arranged successively around the axis. central, said collectors or collector portions flanking the same module being arranged substantially symmetrically with respect to the median plane located between the two lateral faces of said module so that said collectors or collector parts create thermal stresses in the lateral faces of the module; substantially identical.
- the set may also have one or more of the following characteristics, considered individually or in any technically feasible combination:
- the assembly comprises a single secondary evacuation manifold extending along the central axis of the outer enclosure, the primary supply manifold (s) being arranged around the secondary evacuation manifold, towards the inside the outer enclosure with respect to the secondary supply and primary discharge manifolds;
- the primary supply and secondary discharge manifolds serving the same module communicate with an end portion of said module facing the inside of the outer enclosure, and the secondary supply and primary discharge manifolds serving said module communicate with an end portion of said module facing outwardly of the outer enclosure;
- the modules each comprise a stack of plates between which the primary and secondary fluids alternately circulate;
- each module comprises several submodules that are distinct from each other, each module being served by at least one secondary supply manifold comprising pipe sections contiguous to the submodules, and bellows connecting the pipe sections to each other ; each submodule communicates with the secondary discharge manifold by a tap, the pipe sections of the secondary supply manifold and the tap having a hydraulic diameter of less than 500 millimeters;
- the central axis of the outer enclosure is vertical, the assembly comprising a support ferrule of the modules suspended from the outer enclosure, the supporting ferrule and the modules being free to expand thermally downwards with respect to the outside enclosure;
- the modules each comprise a continuous stack of heat exchange cells between the primary and secondary fluids, capable of deforming with respect to each other;
- the assembly comprises, between each pair of modules successively arranged around the central axis, a secondary distribution manifold delimited at least partially by panels rigidly fixed on the lateral faces of the modules;
- the secondary discharge collector is delimited at least partially by the inner end portions of the heat exchange modules;
- the first and second fluids are gases, the first gas being intended to enter the outer enclosure at a temperature greater than 700 ° C., and the second gas being intended to exit the outer enclosure at a temperature greater than 700 ° C. 0 C;
- the first fluid mainly comprises helium
- the second fluid mainly comprising helium and / or nitrogen
- the first and second fluids are the primary and secondary fluids of a nuclear reactor at high temperature or at very high temperature.
- FIG. 1 is an axial sectional view of a heat exchange assembly according to a first embodiment of the invention
- FIG. 3A is an elevational view of two heat exchange modules of FIG. 1 and two secondary supply manifolds serving these modules;
- Figure 3B is a view similar to Figure 3A for an alternative embodiment of the secondary supply collectors
- FIG. 4 is an axial sectional view of a heat exchange assembly according to a second embodiment of the invention.
- FIG. 5 is a sectional view in a plane perpendicular to the central axis of the assembly of Figure 4, considered according to the incidence of arrows V of Figure 4;
- FIG. 6 is a perspective view of plates of the type forming those of the heat exchange modules of the assembly of FIG. 1;
- FIG. 7 is a perspective view of a heat exchange submodule of the assembly of FIG. 1, formed from the plates of FIG. 6;
- FIG. 8 is a perspective view of the submodule of FIG. 7, mounted on its supporting ferrule, and on which the connection connection on the secondary discharge manifold has been reported, and of the manifold piping sections. secondary feeding;
- FIG. 9 is a sectional view of a heat exchange module of the assembly of FIG. 4.
- the assembly 1 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 is intended to be used in a high temperature or very high temperature nuclear reactor (HTR / VHTR), to achieve a heat exchange between a first fluid and a second fluid.
- the first fluid is the primary fluid of the nuclear reactor, and circulates in a closed loop therein. It crosses the heart of the nuclear reactor (not shown), then crosses the assembly 1 and finally returns to the entrance of the heart.
- the primary fluid is heated in the reactor core, and leaves it for example at a temperature of about 850 ° C. It gives up some of its heat to the secondary fluid in the assembly 1, and leaves the for example at a temperature of about 400 ° C.
- the primary fluid is typically technically pure helium gas.
- the second fluid is the secondary fluid of the nuclear reactor, and circulates in a closed loop therein. It passes through the assembly 1, then passes into a gas turbine drive of an electric generator and returns to the input of the assembly 1.
- the secondary fluid enters the assembly 1 for example at a temperature of 35O About 0 C and leaves for example at 800 0 C.
- the secondary fluid is a gas comprising mainly helium and nitrogen.
- the assembly 1 comprises: an outer enclosure 2 having a substantially vertical central axis X, provided with an inlet 4 and a primary fluid outlet 6, four inlets 8 and four secondary fluid outlets 10;
- collectors 16 for supplying the modules 12 with secondary fluid
- annular collector 18 for collecting and discharging the primary fluid leaving the modules 12
- central collector 20 for collecting and evacuating the secondary fluid leaving the modules 12;
- the chamber 2 comprises a tank 30 inside which are disposed the exchangers 12 and the collectors 14, 16, 18, 20, presenting upwardly an opening 32, and a removable cover 34 for sealing the opening 32 of the tank 30.
- the inputs 8 of the secondary fluid are formed at the top of the tank 30 and are evenly distributed on the same circumference thereof.
- the outputs of the secondary fluid 10 are formed at the top of the tank 30, slightly below the inputs 8, and are evenly distributed on the same circumference of this tank.
- the tank 30 comprises in the lower part a single stitching through which are made the inlet 4 and the outlet 6 of the primary fluid.
- the input 4 and the output 6 are coaxial, as shown in FIG. 2, the output 6 surrounding the input 4.
- the tank 30 is closed downwards by a domed bottom which has a central, round opening, centered on the axis X, in which the fan 28 is fixed.
- the eight modules 12 are arranged in a circle around the axis X, and regularly distributed around it.
- the exchangers 12 are plate-type heat exchangers of rigid structure.
- Each rigid module 12 comprises three sub-modules 36, identical to each other.
- the heat exchange modules are, for example, of the type PMHE (Plate Machined Heat Exchanger), in which case the submodules 36 are formed as shown in FIGS. 6 and 7.
- Each sub-module 36 is formed from all identical plates 38, superimposed, and arranged alternately in the opposite direction, as shown in FIG. 6.
- Each plate 38 carries on an upper face 39 a plurality of grooves 40 etched, mutually parallel, extending in a longitudinal direction. These grooves 40 open at a first end on a transverse edge 42 of the plate. They open at opposite ends of the edge 42 in a transverse groove 44 of large width extending through the entire plate. This groove 44 is closed along the transverse edge 46 opposite the edge 42, and is open at its two opposite transverse ends.
- the plates 38 of the same sub-module are superimposed, the upper faces 39 facing upwards, so that the transverse grooves 44 are alternately arranged at the two opposite longitudinal ends of the submodule 36. They are welded or brazed. with each other.
- the first and second fluids flow in the grooves 40 and 44 of the plates 38, alternately in a plate on two of the stack.
- the first fluid (solid arrows) enters the submodule 36 through the two open ends of the channels 44 located at a first longitudinal end of the submodule 36. It enters the submodule 36 by the two opposite side faces 47 of this submodule. It then travels the channels 40, and leaves the submodule 36 by the transverse face 48 located at a longitudinal end of the sub-module 36 opposite the first.
- the secondary fluid (arrows recessed in FIG. 7) enters the submodule 36 through the open ends of the channels 44 situated at the second longitudinal end of the submodule 36, and leaves via the transverse face 50 located at the first longitudinal end. .
- the primary and secondary fluids flow counter-current to each other within the submodule 36.
- the heat exchange module 12 may be of the PFHE (Plate Fin Heat Exchange) type.
- the longitudinal channels 40 are not etched in the upper face 39 of the plate 38, but are constituted by welding on said upper face mutually parallel fins defining between them the channels 40.
- the three submodules 36 of the same heat exchange module 12 are superposed axially at a distance from one another. In order to facilitate the maintenance of the heat exchange modules 12, they are gathered in a support basket 52 extractable from the tank 30 axially through the opening 32.
- the basket 52 comprises an upper cylindrical shell 54 coaxial with the central axis X and internally defining the inlet chamber of the secondary fluid 22, a lower cylindrical shell 56 also coaxial with the central axis X, and a plate 58 for separating the ferrules 54 and 56 substantially perpendicular to the central axis X.
- the basket 52 is suspended through the plate 58 at a shoulder 59 formed inside the tank 30.
- the outlet chamber 24 of the secondary fluid is located inside the chamber 22.
- the basket 52 also comprises a ferrule 60 for supporting the heat exchange modules 12, and an inner ferrule 62 defining the secondary fluid evacuation collector 20.
- the cylindrical shell 60 is suspended under the partition plate 58, and is coaxial with the central axis X.
- the submodules 36 are fixed by any suitable means in windows 64 cut in the ferrule 60 (see also Figure 8).
- the transverse face 48 of the secondary fluid outlet and the inlet fluid inlet channels 44 are located radially inside the shell 60.
- the transverse face 50 of the primary fluid outlet and the inlet channels 44 of the secondary fluid are located radially outside the ferrule 60.
- annular space delimited between the lower ferrule 56 and the support ferrule 60 is closed upwards by the separator plate 58 and downwards by an axially compressible annular metal bellows system 66.
- the inner ferrule 62 is closed downwards by a convex bottom 68. Upwards, it passes through the plate 58 and opens into the outlet chamber 24 of the secondary fluid.
- the annular space extending between the support ferrule 60 and the inner ferrule 62 forms the primary supply manifold 14. It is closed upwardly by an annular plate 70 extending at a distance below the separator plate 58. It communicates, in the lower part, by a removable sealing connection 72 with an intermediate collector section 74 coaxial with the central axis X, radially communicating itself with the primary fluid inlet 4.
- the coupling 72 allows the ferrule 60 to decouple from the manifold section 74 when the basket 52 is removed from the tank 30.
- the lower ferrule 56 carries openings 76 for circulating the primary fluid at a short distance below the plate 58.
- the orifices 76 place in communication the annular space 78 located between the ferrules 56 and 60, on the one hand, with the annular space 80 delimited between the shell 56 and the outer shell 2, on the other hand.
- These two annular spaces together form the primary exhaust manifold 18.
- the annular space 80 is closed upwardly sealed by the connection between the plate 58 and the outer casing 2.
- the annular space 80 is open towards the bottom.
- the lower internals 26 are arranged to form a passageway for the primary fluid from the bottom of the annular space 80 to the inlet of the circulator 28 and the output of the circulator 28 to the fluid outlet Primary 6 ( Figure 1).
- the assembly 1 comprises sixteen secondary supply manifolds 16, disposed in the annular space 78 between the ferrules 56 and 60, extending parallel to the central axis X.
- each module of FIG. heat exchange 12 is served by two secondary supply manifolds 16, each manifold 16 feeding the three submodules 36 superimposed module 12.
- the two collectors 16 serving the same module 12 extend along the two side faces oppo 47 of the submodules 36.
- each manifold 16 comprises three rigid pipe sections 82, each attached and rigidly attached to a side face 47 of a submodule 36, interconnected by bellows 84 axially compressible.
- the pipe sections 82 are contiguous to areas of the two opposite transverse faces 47 of the same submodule and communicate with the ends of the transverse channels 44 of the secondary fluid inlet.
- the two secondary distribution manifolds 16 arranged between two consecutive heat exchange modules 12 comprise, in the upper portion, brackets 86 which meet and communicate via a section 88 passing through the separating plate 58 with the secondary supply chamber 22.
- the brackets 86 are connected to the pipe sections 82 each higher by another bellows 84 axially compressible.
- the collectors 16 are all closed at their lower end.
- the upper bellows 84 may be adapted or doubled to absorb the displacements due to the radial thermal expansion.
- the sticks 86 can be removed.
- the upper bellows are equipped with tubes 89 connecting the secondary supply manifold 22 through the plate 58 ( Figure 3B).
- Each submodule 36 comprises a box 90 completely covering the transverse side 50 of the secondary fluid outlet, the box 90 being stitched on the secondary discharge manifold 20 via a small diameter pipe 92.
- the hot parts of the assembly that is to say the parts in which the primary fluid circulates before it passes through the heat exchange modules 12 and the secondary fluid leaving the heat exchange modules 12, are insulated in cold parts of the assembly 1 by a heat insulating layer 94. As clearly shown in FIG. 1, these parts are located in the center of the assembly 1, along the central axis X of the casing 2.
- the heat insulation 94 is disposed around the primary fluid inlet 4, the intermediate manifold section 74, the support ferrule 60, the annular plate 70, the outlet chamber 24, and the portion of the secondary discharge manifold 20 extending between the annular plate 70 and the chamber 24.
- the primary fluid (arrows in broken lines of Figure 1) enters the assembly 1 through the inlet 4, through the intermediate collector section 74 and back axially along the primary distribution manifold 14, around the secondary discharge manifold 20.
- the collectors or parts of collectors flanking the same module are arranged substantially symmetrically with respect to the median plane P of the two lateral faces of the module, so that the thermal stresses created in the lateral faces of the module are substantially identical.
- the thermal expansions of the two lateral faces of the module are therefore similar.
- the heat exchange modules therefore do not undergo warping in the circumferential direction. They remain on the contrary substantially symmetrical with respect to the median plane of their lateral faces. As a result, the thermomechanical stresses in the support ferrule of the heat exchange modules are reduced.
- the two lateral faces of the module are parallel and the median plane P is the plane parallel to the lateral faces, equidistant from these two faces, and passing through the central axis X of the enclosure. More generally, the median plane P is the plane extending centrally between the two lateral faces of the module.
- the support ferrule 60 is suspended from the plate 58, and is free to expand thermally downwards. This freedom is conferred on it in particular by the fact that the annular space 78 separating the supporting ferrule 60 from the lower ferrule 56 is closed downwards by a bellows 66 that can deform axially.
- the submodules 36 are capable of axially debating because bellows 84 are interposed between the different submodules 36 along the secondary supply manifolds and the submodules 36 are connected to the secondary exhaust manifolds by reduced section branching 92.
- Assembling the secondary exhaust manifold and the primary supply manifold in the center of the outer shell is favorable to maintain the walls of the outer shell 2 at a moderate temperature. Indeed, these two collectors channel gases that are more than 700 0 C, typically more than 800 ° C.
- connections 92 also have a hydraulic diameter of less than 500 mm, for the same reason.
- FIGS. 4 and 5 A second embodiment of the invention is shown in FIGS. 4 and 5.
- the heat exchange modules are plate heat exchangers of the type described in US Pat. No. 5,983,992 and illustrated in FIG. 9.
- This exchanger comprises a plurality of heat exchange cells C. stacked on top of each other.
- Each cell C comprises an upper plate A in a first end of which a fluid inlet E is cut and in an opposite end of which a fluid outlet S is cut.
- the cell C also comprises a lower plate B, disposed substantially parallel to the upper plate A and in which inputs and outputs E and S are cut, the inputs of the upper and lower plates being aligned, as well as the outputs.
- the plates A and B are welded by their peripheral edges.
- the inputs and outputs E and S of the upper plate A are surrounded by an edge projecting from the inside of the cell C, that is to say projecting from a side opposite to the plate B.
- the inputs and outputs E and S of the lower plate B protrude outwardly of the cell, that is to say on a side opposite to the upper plate A.
- a corrugated metal sheet F is arranged between the plates A and B and soldered to these plates. It forms a network of fins inside the cell C.
- a second corrugated metal sheet F of the same type is also welded on the face of the plate A turned towards the outside of the cell C.
- a third corrugated metal sheet F is welded on the face of the plate B turned towards the outside of the cell C.
- the cells C are stacked one on top of the other, and linked to each other by the projecting edges of their respective inlets and outlets.
- the cells are arranged so that the inputs and outputs of all C cells are aligned.
- the first fluid enters the cells C through the inputs E, circulates in the channels delimited by the corrugated sheets F disposed inside each cell, and leaves the outputs S.
- the second fluid circulates in the space delimited between the C.
- the heat exchange modules constituted in this way have the characteristic that each cell is able to play with respect to adjacent cells and to deform, for example by compression, flexion or extension.
- FIGS. 4 and 5 show a heat exchange assembly whose modules are flexible plate heat exchangers of the type shown in FIG. 9. Only the differences between this assembly, in accordance with the second embodiment of the invention, and and all of Figures 1 to 3A / 3B, according to the first embodiment of the invention, will be described below.
- the heat exchange modules 12 are not divided into several submodules 36, but instead are monoblock and are formed by a continuous stack of cells in which the first and second fluids circulate.
- the heat exchange modules 12 each have a parallelepipedal shape.
- the inlet of the primary and secondary fluids in the module 12 is respectively by radially inner and outer zones of the lateral faces 47 of the module.
- the assembly 1 does not include, as in the first embodiment, a single supply manifold modules 12 in primary fluid, annular, surrounding the secondary discharge collector, but instead eight collectors d primary power supply 14, extending axially between the modules 12, and opening into a distribution chamber 95 located under the modules 12.
- the chamber 95 communicates with the intermediate collector section 74.
- Each collector 14 serves the two modules. heat exchange 12 that frame it.
- Each module is delimited radially inwardly by a transverse surface 50 of output of the secondary fluid, radially outwardly by a transverse face 48 of the output of the primary fluid, and laterally by faces 47 facing the neighboring modules.
- the support structure 96 of the modules 12 comprises, between each pair of modules 12 arranged successively around the central axis X, two panels in sectors of cylinder 98 and 100 coaxial with the central axis and extending over the entire axial height of the modules 12. These panels are welded to the side walls 47 vis-à-vis the two modules 12 which frame.
- the panels 100 extend substantially radially at the outer transverse faces 48 of the modules 12 through which the primary fluid.
- the panels 98 are interposed radially between the panels 100 and the primary supply manifolds 14.
- the assembly formed by the modules 12 and the panels 98 and 100 is suspended from the separation plate 58 by a cylindrical shell 102.
- the assembly 1 comprises eight secondary supply collectors 16, arranged between the modules 12, and delimited by the panels 98 and 100 and by the lateral faces 47 of the modules 12. Each collector 16 serves the modules 12 which frame it.
- the secondary fluid is distributed in the supply manifolds 16 from a chamber 106 formed by the interior space of the ferrule 102.
- Each primary supply manifold 14 has, in a plane perpendicular to the central axis X of the outer enclosure 2, a substantially oval section.
- Each collector 14 is delimited by two concave panels 108 and 110, of concavity facing each other, extending over the entire axial height of the modules 12.
- the panels 108 and 110 are welded to the lateral faces 47 of the modules which surround them.
- the panel 110 extends substantially at the inner transverse faces 50 of the modules 12.
- a thermal insulation 94 fills the space separating the concave panel 108 from the ring sector panel 98.
- the secondary evacuation collector 20 extends along the central axis of the assembly 1. It is delimited circumferentially alternately by the inner transverse faces 50 of the modules. 12 and the concave panels 110. The hot secondary gas therefore leaves directly from the module 12 in the secondary discharge collector 20.
- the secondary collector 20 is delimited downwards by a curved bottom 68 which separates it from the primary distribution chamber 95. It is extended axially upwards by a large diameter evacuation pipe 112 which passes through the secondary distribution chamber 106 and the separating plate 58.
- the inlet 114 and the outlet 116 of the secondary fluid are made in a central cylindrical shell 118 carried by the cover 34 of the heat exchange assembly.
- This ferrule 118 extends along the central axis X of the assembly 1.
- the inlet 114 is stitched radially on the ferrule 118.
- the secondary outlet 116 is bent, and comprises an axial pipe portion 120 extending into the extension of the ferrule 118, and a portion 122 extending radially relative to the axial portion 120.
- the secondary discharge pipe 112 connects the axial portion 120 to the secondary discharge manifold 20.
- the secondary distribution chamber 106 communicates via not shown orifices formed in the separation plate 58 with the interior space of the lid 34, which itself communicates with the inlet 114 of secondary fluid.
- the circulation of the primary and secondary fluids in the assembly 1 will now be described, with reference to FIG. 4.
- the primary fluid (arrows in broken lines in FIG. 4) enters the chamber 2 through the inlet 4, passes through the intermediate manifold section 74 and enters the distribution chamber 94, from where it is distributed in the eight primary feed manifolds 14. It penetrates laterally into the modules 12, and radially outwardly through the outer transverse face 48 thereof in the annular space 78. It rises along the annular space 78 to orifices 76 and then down along the annular space 80.
- the internal equipment 26 then channel it to the suction of the circulator 28, then the discharge of the circulator 28 to the primary outlet 6.
- the secondary fluid enters the chamber.
- heat insulation 94 is disposed around the hottest parts of the assembly 1, namely the parts in which the primary fluid circulates before it passes through the heat exchange modules 12 and the secondary fluid after it leaves the Heat exchange modules 12. As seen in FIG. 4, the heat insulation is disposed along the primary fluid inlet 4, the intermediate manifold section 74, the primary distribution chamber 95, between the panels 98 and 108, along the secondary discharge piping 112 and along the secondary outlet 116.
- the second embodiment of the invention also has multiple advantages.
- the collectors surrounding a same module are arranged substantially symmetrically with respect to the median plane P of the two lateral faces of said module passing through the central axis X, so that these collectors create on the faces side of the module substantially identical thermal stresses.
- the modules therefore do not exhibit warping in the circumferential direction of the assembly 1.
- the panels 98, 100, 108 and 110 connecting two successive modules are therefore subjected to minimal thermomechanical stresses.
- the fact that the heat exchange modules 12 are of the flexible type means that these modules undergo a much lower axial thermal expansion than in the first embodiment.
- the assembly 1, in the second embodiment, is particularly compact, because the heat exchange modules are monobloc, because of the arrangement of the secondary inputs and outputs 114 and 116, and because of the arrangement of the distribution chambers 95 and 106.
- the hottest parts of the assembly 1 are located along the central axis, so that the outer enclosure 2 is maintained at a moderate temperature.
- the set described above may have multiple variants. It may comprise at least eight heat exchange modules 12, for example four, six, ten or twelve, or even more.
- each module 12 may comprise more or fewer than three submodules, for example two, or four, or even more than four.
- the number of collectors may be different from that indicated above.
- Each module can be served by a manifold of each type (supply / discharge, primary / secondary), by two collectors, or even more than two collectors.
- the same collector can be dedicated to a module, or serve two modules, or serve all modules.
- the modules are not necessarily parallelepipedal but can have any suitable geometric shape (diamond section, hexagon, ).
- the chamber may have a plurality of coaxial or non-coaxial primary fluid inlets and outlets. It may comprise more or less four inputs and four secondary fluid outlets, coaxial or non-coaxial.
- the primary fluid may not be technically pure helium but may be a mixture of helium and nitrogen.
- the secondary fluid may be technically pure helium, or a mixture of helium and nitrogen (for example 20% helium 80% nitrogen or 40% helium and 60% nitrogen).
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
- Details Of Heat-Exchange And Heat-Transfer (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (6)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN200780014354XA CN101427092B (zh) | 2006-03-13 | 2007-02-23 | 第一流体和第二流体之间热交换组件 |
KR1020087022439A KR101318129B1 (ko) | 2006-03-13 | 2007-02-23 | 제 1 및 제 2 유체 사이에 열을 교환하는 열 교환 조립체 |
EP07731034A EP1994350A1 (fr) | 2006-03-13 | 2007-02-23 | Ensemble d'echange de chaleur entre un premier et un second fluides |
JP2008558843A JP4891353B2 (ja) | 2006-03-13 | 2007-02-23 | 1次流体と2次流体の間の熱交換のための組立体 |
US12/282,190 US8833436B2 (en) | 2006-03-13 | 2007-02-23 | Heat exchange assembly exchanging heat between a first and a second fluid |
ZA2008/07818A ZA200807818B (en) | 2006-03-13 | 2008-09-11 | Heat exchange assembly exchanging heat between a first and a second fluid |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR0602188 | 2006-03-13 | ||
FR0602188A FR2898404B1 (fr) | 2006-03-13 | 2006-03-13 | Ensemble d'echange de chaleur entre un premier et un second fluides. |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2007104843A1 true WO2007104843A1 (fr) | 2007-09-20 |
Family
ID=37596186
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/FR2007/000329 WO2007104843A1 (fr) | 2006-03-13 | 2007-02-23 | Ensemble d'echange de chaleur entre un premier et un second fluides |
Country Status (9)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US8833436B2 (fr) |
EP (1) | EP1994350A1 (fr) |
JP (1) | JP4891353B2 (fr) |
KR (1) | KR101318129B1 (fr) |
CN (1) | CN101427092B (fr) |
FR (1) | FR2898404B1 (fr) |
RU (1) | RU2427776C2 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2007104843A1 (fr) |
ZA (1) | ZA200807818B (fr) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2012527596A (ja) * | 2009-05-18 | 2012-11-08 | アルファ・ラヴァル・ヴィカール | 熱交換器のプレート束を製造する方法 |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR3009862B1 (fr) * | 2013-08-26 | 2015-09-11 | Commissariat Energie Atomique | Echangeur de chaleur entre deux fluides, utilisation de l'echangeur avec du metal liquide et du gaz, application a un reacteur nucleaire a neutrons rapides refroidi avec du metal liquide |
US20220051816A1 (en) * | 2020-08-17 | 2022-02-17 | Terrapower, Llc | Heat exchanger configuration for nuclear reactor |
Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2004144422A (ja) * | 2002-10-25 | 2004-05-20 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | 積層型熱交換器 |
FR2887618A1 (fr) * | 2005-06-27 | 2006-12-29 | Framatome Anp Sas | Ensemble d'echange de chaleur, notamment pour reacteur nucleaire |
Family Cites Families (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4021298A (en) * | 1974-01-29 | 1977-05-03 | Westinghouse Electric Corporation | Conversion of coal into hydrocarbons |
US4098329A (en) * | 1976-07-29 | 1978-07-04 | The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Department Of Energy | Modular heat exchanger |
JPS5997388U (ja) * | 1982-12-20 | 1984-07-02 | 株式会社東芝 | シエルアンドチユ−ブ形熱交換器 |
DE4404068C1 (de) * | 1994-02-09 | 1995-08-17 | Wolfgang Engelhardt | Wärmetauscher |
EP0726593A1 (fr) * | 1995-02-13 | 1996-08-14 | Applied Materials, Inc. | Générateur d'espèces réactives, de haute puissance et à base de plasma |
JPH08338892A (ja) * | 1995-06-14 | 1996-12-24 | Japan Atom Energy Res Inst | ヘリウム冷却高温ガス炉 |
ES2146459T3 (es) | 1996-02-01 | 2000-08-01 | Northern Res & Eng | Intercambiador de calor de placas con aletas. |
US6173493B1 (en) * | 1998-10-15 | 2001-01-16 | Robert F. Dierbeck | Modular heat exchanger and method of making |
JP2002031436A (ja) * | 2000-05-09 | 2002-01-31 | Sanden Corp | サブクールタイプコンデンサ |
FR2846757B1 (fr) * | 2002-10-30 | 2006-07-14 | Framatome Anp | Dispositif passif d'equilibrage de la pression d'un premier et d'un second fluides et utilisation |
-
2006
- 2006-03-13 FR FR0602188A patent/FR2898404B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2007
- 2007-02-23 RU RU2008140299/06A patent/RU2427776C2/ru not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2007-02-23 JP JP2008558843A patent/JP4891353B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2007-02-23 KR KR1020087022439A patent/KR101318129B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2007-02-23 EP EP07731034A patent/EP1994350A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
- 2007-02-23 WO PCT/FR2007/000329 patent/WO2007104843A1/fr active Application Filing
- 2007-02-23 US US12/282,190 patent/US8833436B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2007-02-23 CN CN200780014354XA patent/CN101427092B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2008
- 2008-09-11 ZA ZA2008/07818A patent/ZA200807818B/en unknown
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2004144422A (ja) * | 2002-10-25 | 2004-05-20 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | 積層型熱交換器 |
FR2887618A1 (fr) * | 2005-06-27 | 2006-12-29 | Framatome Anp Sas | Ensemble d'echange de chaleur, notamment pour reacteur nucleaire |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2012527596A (ja) * | 2009-05-18 | 2012-11-08 | アルファ・ラヴァル・ヴィカール | 熱交換器のプレート束を製造する方法 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JP2009530574A (ja) | 2009-08-27 |
FR2898404B1 (fr) | 2008-09-05 |
US20090050295A1 (en) | 2009-02-26 |
FR2898404A1 (fr) | 2007-09-14 |
CN101427092B (zh) | 2010-12-15 |
RU2008140299A (ru) | 2010-04-20 |
JP4891353B2 (ja) | 2012-03-07 |
ZA200807818B (en) | 2011-11-30 |
US8833436B2 (en) | 2014-09-16 |
KR101318129B1 (ko) | 2013-10-16 |
CN101427092A (zh) | 2009-05-06 |
RU2427776C2 (ru) | 2011-08-27 |
EP1994350A1 (fr) | 2008-11-26 |
KR20080106543A (ko) | 2008-12-08 |
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