WO2007104614A1 - Dispositif de mesure d'écoulement pour déterminer un sens d'écoulement - Google Patents

Dispositif de mesure d'écoulement pour déterminer un sens d'écoulement Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2007104614A1
WO2007104614A1 PCT/EP2007/051124 EP2007051124W WO2007104614A1 WO 2007104614 A1 WO2007104614 A1 WO 2007104614A1 EP 2007051124 W EP2007051124 W EP 2007051124W WO 2007104614 A1 WO2007104614 A1 WO 2007104614A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
flow
fluid
heating elements
measuring device
optical waveguide
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2007/051124
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Thomas Bosselmann
Michael Willsch
Original Assignee
Siemens Aktiengesellschaft
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens Aktiengesellschaft filed Critical Siemens Aktiengesellschaft
Priority to PL07712155T priority Critical patent/PL1994372T3/pl
Priority to US12/225,115 priority patent/US7854164B2/en
Priority to DE502007004190T priority patent/DE502007004190D1/de
Priority to EP07712155A priority patent/EP1994372B1/fr
Priority to JP2008558744A priority patent/JP2009529688A/ja
Priority to CN2007800094079A priority patent/CN101405580B/zh
Publication of WO2007104614A1 publication Critical patent/WO2007104614A1/fr

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
    • G01F1/00—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow
    • G01F1/68—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow by using thermal effects
    • G01F1/684—Structural arrangements; Mounting of elements, e.g. in relation to fluid flow
    • G01F1/688—Structural arrangements; Mounting of elements, e.g. in relation to fluid flow using a particular type of heating, cooling or sensing element
    • G01F1/6884—Structural arrangements; Mounting of elements, e.g. in relation to fluid flow using a particular type of heating, cooling or sensing element making use of temperature dependence of optical properties
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01P—MEASURING LINEAR OR ANGULAR SPEED, ACCELERATION, DECELERATION, OR SHOCK; INDICATING PRESENCE, ABSENCE, OR DIRECTION, OF MOVEMENT
    • G01P5/00—Measuring speed of fluids, e.g. of air stream; Measuring speed of bodies relative to fluids, e.g. of ship, of aircraft
    • G01P5/10—Measuring speed of fluids, e.g. of air stream; Measuring speed of bodies relative to fluids, e.g. of ship, of aircraft by measuring thermal variables

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a flow measuring device for determining a flow direction of a fluid.
  • the flow measuring device has a measuring element with at least one optical waveguide and at least two electrical heating elements arranged adjacently to at least one optical waveguide, a control unit and an evaluation unit.
  • the invention relates to a Ver ⁇ drive for determining a flow direction of a fluid and an electric machine with the Strömungsmessvorrich- device.
  • a flow measuring device for determining a flow velocity of a measuring element of the flow measuring device flowing around the fluid, such as a gas stream, indicated with an element having multiple fiber Bragg grating optical waveguide and at least one adjacent to the conductor, electrical heating element.
  • This may consist of an influencing a fed into the optical fiber electromagnetic wave ⁇ be telt by the temperature of the conductor ermit the flow velocity along the longitudinal extent of the measurement element.
  • the optical waveguide can be heated by the electric heating element with constant application of heat, whereby a temperature distribution in the longitudinal extent corresponding to the local flow velocity results on the measuring element.
  • This flow measuring device is thus suitable for determining a multiplicity of local flow velocities with only one single measuring element. The determination of
  • the present invention is therefore based on the object to provide a flow measuring device and a method with which the flow direction of a fluid can be determined, and to provide an electrical machine in which the flow direction of a cooling fluid can be monitored.
  • the flow measuring device is a flow measuring device for determining a flow direction of a fluid, comprising - a measuring element flow around the fluid with at least one optical waveguide and at least two adjacent to at least one optical waveguide electrical heating elements, wherein
  • the at least one optical fiber via one, from the respective heating element to at least one Optical waveguide directed heat flow can be acted upon with heat
  • At least one a Lichtwellenlei ⁇ ter coupled in electromagnetic wave corresponding to the temperature of the at least one optical waveguide can be influenced in the least
  • control unit with which the at least two heating elements temporally successive electrical power can be supplied
  • the measuring element which is arranged in its longitudinal extent preferably perpendicular to the flow direction of the fluid in this, has over the circumference of its cross-section, which is in particular circular, different local flow conditions on.
  • the heat transport takes place on the surface of the measuring element due to the locally ⁇ union flow rates of the fluid did not differ uniformly over the circumference of the cross section.
  • the at least one optical waveguide comprises at least one fiber Bragg grating and the at least one electromagnetic wave which can be coupled into the at least one optical waveguide can be influenced according to the temperature of the at least one optical waveguide at the location of the at least one fiber Bragg grating is.
  • a sensor type is characterized by its particular multiplexing capability, so easily realized a sensor network ⁇ the can.
  • a further advantage of the fiber Bragg grating technology is the possibility of a practically punctiform measurement, that is to say a locally very narrow measurement. It is thus possible, in need of a higher, in particular dissolved ortsauf ⁇ measuring accuracy of the measuring element along several Fa ⁇ ser Bragg gratings close to each other to arrange neighboring each other in the optical waveguide.
  • Fiber Bragg Grating preferably each have a mutually different center wavelength.
  • a portion determined by the respective center of gravity wavelength is reflected back by the at least one fed electromagnetic wave.
  • This change in the wavelength content (or wavelength range) of the respective back-reflected portion of the supplied at least one electromagnetic wave ⁇ rule is used as a measure of the influence to be detected size. In principle, however, it is also possible to examine the transmitted part of the fed-in at least one electromagnetic wave for the change in the wavelength spectrum.
  • a broadband light ⁇ source such as an LED (light-emitting diode, engl .: L_ight Emitting p_iode) nm with a bandwidth of about 45, a SLD (super luminescent diode, engl .: Super Luminescence p_iode) with a bandwidth of about 20 nm or a tunable laser with a bandwidth of about 100 nm are used.
  • a broadband light ⁇ source such as an LED (light-emitting diode, engl .: L_ight Emitting p_iode) nm with a bandwidth of about 45, a SLD (super luminescent diode, engl .: Super Luminescence p_iode) with a bandwidth of about 20 nm or a tunable laser with a bandwidth of about 100 nm are used.
  • the measuring element is rod-shaped.
  • the measuring element is easy to mon ⁇ animals and can be introduced, for example, through an opening in the flow channel. Furthermore achieved ⁇ to that maintenance of the measuring ⁇ elements is made possible with little installation effort. For this purpose, the corresponding loading fastenings are dissolved and pulled out, the measuring element through the opening he ⁇ .
  • the measuring element can of course have any other shape.
  • the measurement can ⁇ element circular or also as an Archimedes spiral ⁇ formed
  • the measuring element is elastic.
  • the Messele ⁇ ment according to the application are preformed in the short term, can be reduced whereby the number of different measurement element shapes. Storage costs can be saved.
  • the heating elements are made of metal. Thus, a uniform heating along the Schu ⁇ elements is guaranteed.
  • the heating elements are formed by mutually electrically insulated, electrically conductive coatings of the at least one optical waveguide.
  • the heating elements can thus be connected in a simple manner in each case in one piece with the conductor, so that in addition to cost-effective production, a protective function of the conductor can be achieved by the heating elements.
  • the guiding These coatings can be formed, for example, from a metal such as tungsten or also from an alloy such as, for example, steel or the like.
  • the heating elements each have a constant electrical resistivity. It is advantageously achieved that the Messele ⁇ ment will strike along its length evenly with heat beauf ⁇ . Specific electrical resistance in the context of this application is to be understood as the electrical resistance per unit length.
  • the respective specific resistance in the operating temperature range is largely independent of temperature. It can thus be achieved that the respective heat supply assigned to the individual heating elements along the longitudinal extent of the measuring element is essentially independent of the current local temperature. The measurement accuracy as well as the reliability of the measurement can be increased.
  • the heating elements can ⁇ example, of a material such as constantan or the like can be formed.
  • the measuring element has a casing.
  • the sensing element may for example, be protected against chemical attack ge ⁇ .
  • the sheath allows ei ⁇ NEN mechanical protection, for example during assembly.
  • the sheath consists of a ceramic material.
  • the ceramic Ummante ⁇ ment can advantageously be formed a measuring element for a high tempera ⁇ turbe runung.
  • the sheath is at least partially formed by a metal sleeve.
  • the sheath also has the heating elements, wherein the heating elements are electrically insulated from each other. Components and costs can be further reduced.
  • the inventive method is a method for determining a flow direction of a fluid with a flow measuring device, wherein - at least one electromagnetic wave is injected into at least ei ⁇ NEN optical waveguide of a flowed around by the fluid measuring element,
  • the at least one lightwave ⁇ conductor comprises at least one fiber Bragg grating and the at least one electromagnetic wave in dependence on the different, changing local temperature at the location of the at least one fiber Bragg grating is affected.
  • an electromagnetic ⁇ tables pulse is formed at least by at least one electromagnetic wave.
  • the electro ⁇ magnetic pulse can be generated for example by a pulsed laser, which is coupled via suitable known coupling means in the optical waveguide for the electromagnetic wave.
  • the measuring element is alternately heated in its longitudinal extent by the heating elements. From a temperature variation of the measuring element along due to the fluid flow can advantageously also the Strö ⁇ flow velocity determined along the measuring element ⁇ the.
  • the heating elements are alternately acted upon in each case with a constant electric power.
  • a constant heat load can thus be achieved in each case in accordance with Ohm's law. This can be done by means of direct current or alternating current.
  • the heating effect of the respective heating elements can be influenced as the frequency moves to a range in which current displacement effects take effect.
  • a fluid is a gas, in particular ⁇ sondere air, or a liquid, in particular water or liquid nitrogen, for cooling an electrical machine ne, in particular a generator or a motor verwen ⁇ det is.
  • Strö ⁇ mung measuring device can thereby cost to the metallic physika ⁇ and / or chemical requirements in the flow channel of a cooling device of the generator or the motor reasonable fits be.
  • An accurate measurement of flow distribution in the cross section of a flow channel can also be also he ⁇ enough.
  • a measuring element of the flow measuring device arranged in a flow channel of the line system is provided for measuring the flow direction of the fluid in the flow channel.
  • an efficient cooling of the machine can be achieved by the flow direction of the cooling fluid, such as air, is monitored in the flow channels of the cooling device.
  • An occurring flow standstill by unfavorable superimposed currents can be detected early, which prompted ge ⁇ appropriate measures can be taken to a Oertli ⁇ chen overheating and damage to the machine to avoid.
  • the reliability of an operation of the Strömungsma ⁇ machine can be increased.
  • the measuring element is arranged radially to the cross section of the flow channel.
  • the flow direction can be determined as a function of the radius of the flow channel cross section with a plurality of successively arranged fiber Bragg gratings.
  • Diver mount ⁇ Lich several measuring elements can be seen upstream, to determine the flow direction at different circumferential positions of the flow channel in the flow channel.
  • a plurality of measuring elements are arranged axially spaced apart in the flow channel.
  • advantageously axial changes in the flow direction can be detected and evaluated.
  • several different ⁇ Lich shaped measuring elements are used The required technical ⁇ th informations about the flow pattern.
  • radial, rod-shaped measuring elements can be combined with measuring elements arranged along a circular line in the flow channel .
  • the measuring elements are operated in accordance with the method according to the invention.
  • Figure 1 is a side view of a measuring element of the OF INVENTION ⁇ to the invention the flow measurement apparatus in rod-shaped ger embodiment with a connection plug on one end
  • Figure 2 shows a section through an embodiment of a measuring element with a light waveguide and two pa ⁇ rallel arranged to heating conductors
  • 3 shows a section through an embodiment of a measuring element with an optical waveguide and four heating conductors arranged parallel thereto
  • FIG. 4 shows a section through a further embodiment of a measuring element with two heating elements surrounding the optical waveguide
  • FIG. 5 shows a section through a further embodiment of a measurement element with two directly on a Oberflä ⁇ surface of the optical waveguide applied heating ele- ments
  • FIG. 6 shows a block diagram of an embodiment of the flow measuring device according to the invention with the measuring element according to FIG. 2,
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the flow measuring device according to the invention with the
  • Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the flow measuring device according to the invention with the measuring element according to FIG 4 or 5 9 shows cross section of a flow passage of adeein ⁇ direction with a measuring element of the invention shown SEN flow measuring device,
  • FIG. 1 shows a side view of a measuring element 1, 2 or 3 of the flow measuring device according to the invention with a plug-in connection 15 attached to one end of the measuring element 1, 2 or 3 for connecting the measuring element 1, 2 or 3 to a control unit 20 and an evaluation unit 23 (FIG. see Figures 6 to 8 and Figure 10).
  • the measuring element 1, 2 or 3 is rod-shaped.
  • the measuring element 1, 2 or 3 may be elastic, so that the geometric shape can be adapted to the given requirements.
  • FIGS. 2 to 9 each show a coordinate system 80 with an x, y and z axis for better clarity. net.
  • ⁇ that the flowing fluid 22 to be examined in the x-direction.
  • the fluid 22 flowing in the x direction is indicated by arrows pointing in the x direction.
  • the fluid flow is in particular a turbulent flow. It face different Strö ⁇ flow velocities on the surface 9 a of the measuring element 1, 2 or 3rd
  • the length of the arrows indicates the amount of fluid velocity at the location shown.
  • a heating element 5a, 6a or 7a arranged at or closer to that part of the measuring element surface 9 which is directed substantially in the direction of flow thereby generates a lower heat flow 10a in the direction of an in particular centrally arranged optical waveguide 4 as at or closer to that part of the Measuring element surface 9, which has essen ⁇ in the direction of flow ⁇ substantially arranged heating element 5b, 6b or 7b, the heat flow is indicated by 10b.
  • the arrows pointing from the heating elements 5a, 5b or 6a, 6b or 7a, 7b in the direction of the respective optical waveguide 4 indicate the corresponding heat flow 10a, 10b, the amount of which is reflected in the respective arrow length.
  • FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 show two embodiments of a measuring element 1 of the flow measuring device according to the invention.
  • a measuring element 1 of the flow measuring device according to the invention.
  • FIG. 2 are two Schuele ⁇ elements 5a, 5b and arranged in between light waveguide 4 embedded in a ceramic material in Messele ⁇ element 1 included.
  • a heating element 5 is arranged close to that part of the measurement element surface 9 which is directed substantially opposite to the flow direction, while it is positioned at ⁇ particular heating element 5a close to that part of the measurement element surface 9, which is directed substantially in the flow direction.
  • an optical waveguide 4 is on a symmetry axis 30 of the measuring element 1, which gleichzei ⁇ kind, illustrating the mirror axis with respect to both heating elements 5a 5b, arranged such that the respective distances to the two heating elements 5a, 5b are equal.
  • the optical waveguide 4 is on a symmetry axis 30 of the measuring element 1, which at the same time
  • the optical waveguide 4 is for example a glass or a plastic fiber.
  • the heating elements 5a, 5b and the optical waveguide 4 are embedded in a ceramic material, in particular cylindrical body 16, which in turn is surrounded by a passivating sheath 8.
  • the heating elements 5a, 5b are formed for example as heating wires.
  • the sheathing 8 can also be designed to be electrically conductive from a metal (see FIG. 6).
  • Figure 4 shows a further embodiment of a measuring element 2 of the flow measuring device according to the invention with a
  • Optical waveguide 4 which is surrounded by a ceramic material consisting in particular cylindrical body 16.
  • a ceramic material consisting in particular cylindrical body 16.
  • the two heating elements ⁇ form 6a, 6b from the same time at least in part, a sleeve--shaped sheath 8 of the measuring element. 2
  • the required electrical isolation of both heating elements 6a, 6b may play a respective web 11 occur at ⁇ over from the ceramic body sixteenth
  • FIG. 5 shows a section through a measuring element 3 of the flow measuring device according to the invention, wherein the optical waveguide 4 is vapor-deposited with two electrically insulated metal layers 7a, 7b, which at the same time represent two heating elements 7a, 7b of the measuring element 3. Together, both metal layers 7a, 7b at least partially form a sheath 8 of the optical waveguide 4.
  • the insulation between the two metal layers 7a, 7b can be realized, for example, by an air gap 12.
  • This embodiment is characterized by an elasticity, so that the measuring element 3 can be adapted in its spatial extent as needed.
  • the Messele ⁇ characterized ment 3 by a particularly simple manufacturing of where the optical waveguide 4 is coated in a coating process conventional, known manner with a suitable electrically conductive material.
  • the Ausgestal- tung is further distinguished by the fact that it has a particularly low thermal capacity compared to theticiansbeispie ⁇ len of the measuring element 1 or 2 according to the Figures 1 to 4 has ⁇ and thus faster nit reacts to changing flow behaves ⁇ .
  • the heating elements 5a, 5b, 6a, 6b, 7a and 7b used in the aforementioned embodiments are preferably formed of a metal or of a metal alloy.
  • a metal alloy for example steel, copper, aluminum, bronze, constantan or the like can be used.
  • conductive polymers can be used for high-temperature applications, for example in the flow channel of a gas turbine ⁇ bine.
  • the material of the heating elements 5a, 5b, 6a, 6b, 7a and 7b in each case has a constant electrical resistance.
  • the resistance in the operating temperature range is largely independent of the temperature.
  • Applying the heating elements 5a, 5b, 6a, 6b, 7a and 7b with a constant current or with an alternating current with a constant effective value thus leads to a uniform over the length of the heating elements 5a, 5b, 6a, 6b, 7a and 7b Power supply, so that the corresponding heating elements 5a, 5b or 6a, 6b or 7a, 7b are applied uniformly over the longitudinal extent of the respective measuring element 1, 2 or 3 with heat.
  • FIG. 6 shows embodiments of the dung OF INVENTION ⁇ proper flow measuring device in principle circuit diagrams.
  • the flow measuring device in Figure 6 comprises here, the measuring element 1 according to Figure 2, the flow measuring device in Figure 7 comprises the measuring element 1 according to FIG 3 and the Strö ⁇ mung measuring apparatus in Figure 8 comprises the measuring element 2 or 3 according to FIG 3 and FIG 4. All of the above Embodiments of the flow measuring device according to the invention further comprise a control unit 20 and an evaluation unit 23.
  • the respective measuring element 1, 2 or 3 extends in its longitudinal axis in the y-direction.
  • the control unit 20 has an electrical energy source 21 and a switching element 24.
  • the energy source 21 which has two terminals, is connected to the heating elements 5a, 5b or 6a, 6b or 7a, 7b via the switching element 24 according to its switch position such that at least one of the heating elements 5a, 5b or 6a, 6b or 7a, 7b is supplied with electric power and generates heat.
  • the electrical energy source which has two terminals, is connected to the heating elements 5a, 5b or 6a, 6b or 7a, 7b via the switching element 24 according to its switch position such that at least one of the heating elements 5a, 5b or 6a, 6b or 7a, 7b is supplied with electric power and generates heat.
  • the switching element 24 is in particular a current source, via which a constant direct current can be predetermined.
  • the switching element 24 may be both a mechanical switch and an electronic switch, as are known in the art in a variety of designs and forms. However, the switching element 24 may also be formed integrally with the power source 21, wherein not only a switching function but also a
  • Control function for the current can be provided. Furthermore, the optical waveguide 4 of the measuring element 1, 2 or 3 of the flow measuring device according to the invention according to FIGS. 6 to 8 is connected to the evaluation unit 23 via an optical connecting fiber 25. The evaluation unit 23 in turn is connected via a connecting line for the transmission of switching information of the switching element 24 with this.
  • the measuring element 1, 2 or 3 is flowed around by the fluid 22, wherein the fluid flow along the longitudinal extent of the
  • Measuring element 1, 2 or 3 may have a different Strömungsge ⁇ speed, indicated by the under ⁇ differently long arrows.
  • the flow direction of the fluid 22 has, for simplicity, in the x-direction, as already stated above. For a measurement of the flow direction of the fluid
  • the heating elements 5a, 5b or 6a, 6b or 7a, 7b of the measuring element 1, 2 and 3 are applied with electrical power, so that they heat up alternately.
  • Each individual heating process can thereby take as long as until a thermal Equilibrium ⁇ weight in the measuring element 1, has set 2 or the third He can also be chosen shorter.
  • the evaluation unit 23 which has a light source, egg ⁇ NEN detector and an analyzing means, light, in the form of a continuous laser beam or in the form of laser pulses, coupled via the optical connecting fiber 25 in the optical waveguide 4 of the measuring element 1, 2 or 3, and backscattered light analyzed with the analysis means.
  • the backscattered light signal consists of different components that are differently suited to the measurement requirements.
  • the backscattered signal contains a Raman scattered fraction.
  • the laser light is generated in known manner with prior art devices. Depending on the temperature, part of the laser light in the optical waveguide 4 is scattered back by fiber Bragg gratings 13. This backscattered light signal is fed via the optical connecting fiber 25 to the evaluation unit 23, which determines therefrom the temperature at the location of one or more fiber Bragg gratings 13 in the optical waveguide 4.
  • Switching element 24 and depending on the relative position of the respective ⁇ heating heating element 5a, 5b or 6a, 6b or 7a, 7b are in a flowing fluid 22 with directed Flow different temperatures in the measuring element 1, 2 or 3 a.
  • the evaluation unit 23 By means of the evaluation unit 23 to the various switch positions associated temperatures are compared with each other, for example by subtraction in one of the evaluation unit 23 associated with the computer unit, and from this the direction of flow of the fluid 22 ermit ⁇ telt.
  • the measuring element 1 two paral ⁇ Lele formed as heating wires heating elements 5a, 5b.
  • the energy source 21 is connected to a connection via the switching element 24 in accordance with its switch position with one of the heating elements 5a, 5b designed as heating wires and with the other connection to the electrically conductive jacket 8 of the measuring element 1.
  • the two heating elements 5a, 5b are also connected together at the opposite end of the measuring element 1 with the electrically conductive sheath 8.
  • the measuring element 1 ⁇ apparatus of Figure 7 has a total of four parallel heating wires constructed as heating elements 5a,
  • a heating element 5a, 5b of a heating element pair 5a, 5b is connected at the other end of the measuring element 1 via the switching element 24 according to its switch position with a terminal of the power source 21, while the respective other two heating elements 5a, 5b of the two heating element 5a, 5b with- are connected to each other with the other terminal of the power source 21.
  • FIG. 8 is a terminal of the power source 21 via the switching element 24 in accordance with whose switch position with one of the sleeve-shaped partial casings 8 ( Figure 4) or as metal films ( Figure 5) heating elements 6a, 6b or 7a formed , 7b connected at one end of the measuring element 2 or 3.
  • the second terminal of the power source 21 is connected at the other end of the measuring element 2 or 3 by means of an electrical line with both heating elements 6a, 6b or 7a, 7b together.
  • FIG. 9 shows a circular cross-section of a flow channel 14 through which a fluid 22 flows in the x-direction.
  • the flow channel 14 is provided as an example with two with respect to the flow channel cross-section radially arranged Messele ⁇ elements 1, 2 or 3.
  • the two measuring elements 1, 2 or 3 are connected via an electrical connection line 26 with the control unit 20 and an optical connection ⁇ fiber 25 connected to the evaluation unit 23.
  • FIG. 10 schematically shows a generator as an electrical machine.
  • the generator has a stationary stator 19 fixedly connected to a housing 28 and a rotor 18 movably mounted on a rotor shaft 17.
  • the generator is cooled by means of a cooling device with, for example, air as cooling fluid 22.
  • the cooling device has two fans 27, which conduct the cooling air 22 through the generator by means of a line system.
  • the line system has numerous flow channels, in particular also in the stator 19.
  • the cooling air 22 is conducted in the illustrated embodiment from outside to inside in the direction of rotor 18 through the stator 19 and further transported by a gap between stator 19 and rotor 18 gap to the outside.
  • the flow direction in the flow channels is monitored by means of the flow measuring device according to the invention.
  • two flow channels, each with a measuring element 1, 2 or 3 of the flow measuring device according to the invention are provided as an example at two points of the Genera ⁇ sector. Both measuring elements 1, 2 or 3 are verbun with specifications in the corresponding control unit 20 and evaluation unit 23 ⁇ . In the case of irregularities in the flow of cooling air, it is therefore possible to react promptly and to take appropriate protective measures.
  • a cooling fluid 22 may also be a cooling ⁇ liquid, such as water or even in cryogenic cooling, a liquid noble gas or liquid nitrogen may be provided.
  • the flow measuring device according to the invention can also be used in a turbine, such as a steam turbine or a gas turbine.
  • a turbine such as a steam turbine or a gas turbine.
  • flow directions can be measured, in particular in turbulent flow regions in the associated cooling air system, in the associated compressor, at the associated compressor inlet and / or in the corresponding exhaust gas flow.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Indicating Or Recording The Presence, Absence, Or Direction Of Movement (AREA)
  • Measuring Volume Flow (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un dispositif de mesure d'écoulement servant à déterminer le sens d'écoulement d'un fluide (22). Le dispositif de mesure d'écoulement selon l'invention comprend un élément de mesure (1) autour duquel peut s'écouler le fluide (22) et qui présente au moins un guide d'ondes optiques (4) et au moins deux éléments chauffants électriques (5a, 5b) adjacents au guide d'ondes optiques (4). Le guide d'ondes optiques (4) peut être exposé à la chaleur par l'intermédiaire respectivement d'un flux de chaleur dirigé de l'élément chauffant correspondant (5a, 5b) vers le guide d'ondes optiques (4), les sens des flux de chaleur étant au moins proportionnellement opposés. En outre, les flux de chaleur individuels sont diversement corrélés avec le sens d'écoulement en fonction du sens d'écoulement du fluide (22) et une onde électromagnétique injectable dans le guide d'ondes optiques (4) est influençable en fonction de la température du guide d'ondes optiques (4). Le dispositif de mesure d'écoulement selon l'invention comprend en outre une unité de commande servant à amener de la puissance électrique successivement aux deux éléments chauffants (5a, 5b), ainsi qu'une unité d'évaluation (23) servant à évaluer l'influence en température que les flux de chaleur individuels exercent sur l'onde électromagnétique ainsi qu'à déterminer le sens d'écoulement du fluide (22). L'invention concerne également un procédé servant à déterminer le sens d'écoulement d'un fluide (22) à l'aide d'un dispositif de mesure d'écoulement selon l'invention. L'invention concerne en outre une machine électrique comprenant un dispositif de mesure d'écoulement selon l'invention.
PCT/EP2007/051124 2006-03-16 2007-02-06 Dispositif de mesure d'écoulement pour déterminer un sens d'écoulement WO2007104614A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL07712155T PL1994372T3 (pl) 2006-03-16 2007-02-06 Urządzenie do pomiaru przepływu służące do określania kierunku przepływu
US12/225,115 US7854164B2 (en) 2006-03-16 2007-02-06 Flowmeter for determining a flow direction
DE502007004190T DE502007004190D1 (de) 2006-03-16 2007-02-06 Strömungsmessvorrichtung zur bestimmung einer strömungsrichtung
EP07712155A EP1994372B1 (fr) 2006-03-16 2007-02-06 Dispositif de mesure d'écoulement pour déterminer un sens d'écoulement
JP2008558744A JP2009529688A (ja) 2006-03-16 2007-02-06 流れ方向を決定する流れ測定装置
CN2007800094079A CN101405580B (zh) 2006-03-16 2007-02-06 确定流动方向的流动测量装置

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102006012230.5 2006-03-16
DE102006012230A DE102006012230B3 (de) 2006-03-16 2006-03-16 Strömungsmessvorrichtung zur Bestimmung einer Strömungsrichtung

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WO2007104614A1 true WO2007104614A1 (fr) 2007-09-20

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CN103247838B (zh) * 2013-05-10 2015-04-01 中国航天时代电子公司 一种带有散热装置的波导开关
EP3033490A1 (fr) * 2013-12-27 2016-06-22 Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. Mesure de profil d'écoulement de fluide multiphasique
RU2697137C1 (ru) * 2018-12-28 2019-08-12 Федеральное государственное автономное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Сибирский федеральный университет" Устройство для определения направления движения электролита в алюминиевом электролизере
CN110174527A (zh) * 2019-07-01 2019-08-27 哈尔滨理工大学 一种热式光纤光栅风速风向传感器及检测方法

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US7854164B2 (en) 2010-12-21
US20090107231A1 (en) 2009-04-30
RU2420744C2 (ru) 2011-06-10
CN101405580B (zh) 2011-09-07
PL1994372T3 (pl) 2010-11-30
RU2008140952A (ru) 2010-04-27
DE102006012230B3 (de) 2007-06-14
EP1994372B1 (fr) 2010-06-23
JP2009529688A (ja) 2009-08-20
CN101405580A (zh) 2009-04-08
EP1994372A1 (fr) 2008-11-26
ES2346363T3 (es) 2010-10-14

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