WO2007097265A1 - Injecteur de carburant et moteur a combustion interne associe - Google Patents

Injecteur de carburant et moteur a combustion interne associe Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2007097265A1
WO2007097265A1 PCT/JP2007/052890 JP2007052890W WO2007097265A1 WO 2007097265 A1 WO2007097265 A1 WO 2007097265A1 JP 2007052890 W JP2007052890 W JP 2007052890W WO 2007097265 A1 WO2007097265 A1 WO 2007097265A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
liquid
fuel
fuel injection
injection device
injection port
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2007/052890
Other languages
English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Takeharu Eto
Yukio Takehara
Sigurdur Tryggvi Thoroddsen
Original Assignee
Kinki University
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Kinki University filed Critical Kinki University
Publication of WO2007097265A1 publication Critical patent/WO2007097265A1/fr

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M43/00—Fuel-injection apparatus operating simultaneously on two or more fuels, or on a liquid fuel and another liquid, e.g. the other liquid being an anti-knock additive
    • F02M43/04—Injectors peculiar thereto
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
    • F02M61/18—Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
    • F02M61/18—Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M61/1806—Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for characterised by the arrangement of discharge orifices, e.g. orientation or size
    • F02M61/1813—Discharge orifices having different orientations with respect to valve member direction of movement, e.g. orientations being such that fuel jets emerging from discharge orifices collide with each other

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a fuel injection device and an internal combustion engine using the same. More specifically, the fuel efficiency is remarkably improved by atomizing fuel efficiently and into a very small particle diameter.
  • the present invention relates to a fuel injection device capable of reducing harmful combustion emissions and an internal combustion engine using the same.
  • high-temperature and high-pressure emulsion fuel which is a mixture of liquid fuel and water, is injected at a constant rate in the vicinity of the fuel injection nozzle in the fuel injection system, and the fuel is injected.
  • exhaust gas is partially liquefied by endothermic condensation to recover nitrogen oxides (NO), particulate matter (PM), etc.
  • the high-temperature preheating process of the fuel is performed as a pre-stage of fuel injection. I need. Also, mixing mechanism for premixing fuel, nitrogen oxide (NO), particles
  • liquid fuel and high-temperature superheated steam at 600 ° C or higher are injected into a reaction chamber provided in the injection nozzle, and the liquid fuel and high-temperature superheated water are injected in the reaction zone in the reaction chamber.
  • a technique for atomizing liquid fuel by mixing (emulsifying) vapor to evaporate and vaporize volatile components of liquid fuel and thermally decompose at least a part of the liquid fuel is disclosed.
  • Patent Documents 1 and 2 have sufficiently atomized the fuel.
  • Patent Document 1 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 6-294353
  • Patent Document 2 Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication No. 2004-225919
  • the present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and does not require a high-temperature preheating process of the fuel, and has a relatively simple configuration, and allows the fuel to be efficiently and finely divided into a very small particle size. Therefore, it is an object of the present invention to provide a fuel injection device capable of dramatically improving combustion efficiency and reducing harmful combustion emissions, and an internal combustion engine using the same.
  • the invention according to claim 1 is a fuel injection device including a liquid injection port for injecting a liquid, wherein the liquid injection port is configured to inject a first liquid into a film shape, and A second jet that ejects a second liquid having a surface tension different from that of the first liquid in the form of particles or a film.
  • An injection port, at least one of the first liquid and the second liquid is a flammable liquid, and the second liquid collides with the first liquid,
  • the present invention relates to a fuel injection device in which the first injection port and the second injection port are respectively arranged.
  • the invention according to claim 2 is characterized in that one of the first liquid and the second liquid is a flammable liquid and the other liquid is water.
  • the present invention relates to the fuel injection device.
  • the invention according to claim 3 is a modification in which a difference in surface tension between the first liquid and the second liquid is increased to at least one of the first liquid and the second liquid.
  • An invention according to claim 4 relates to an internal combustion engine comprising the fuel injection device according to any one of claims 1 to 3.
  • the first and second injection ports are configured such that the second liquid having a surface tension different from that of the first liquid collides with the first liquid.
  • Marangoni waves are induced in the first liquid due to the difference in surface tension between the two kinds of liquids. Is possible.
  • the first and second liquids can be atomized to a very small size.
  • a fuel injection device capable of remarkably improving the combustion efficiency is achieved when at least one of the first liquid and the second liquid is a combustible liquid, that is, a liquid fuel. It becomes possible to provide.
  • one of the first liquid and the second liquid is a combustible liquid (liquid fuel), and the other liquid is water. Since the surface tensions of the liquids are greatly different, atomization can be further promoted. In addition, during high-temperature combustion, water becomes steam and expands explosively, so that further atomization and stirring of liquid fuel can be promoted.
  • the internal combustion engine since the internal combustion engine includes the fuel injection device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, the combustion efficiency is remarkably improved and nitrogen oxidation is performed. Hazardous emissions such as waste (NO) and particulate matter (PM) can be greatly reduced.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view showing a first embodiment of a fuel injection device according to the present invention and a fuel injection device (A) in an internal combustion engine using the same.
  • the fuel injection device (A) is formed in a substantially cylindrical shape as shown in FIG. 1, and includes two types of fuel injection ports arranged substantially coaxially on the front end surface thereof. I'm going.
  • the first injection port (1) is an annular injection slit hole (slit width of 0.:! To about 0.5 mm), is substantially concentric with the central axis of the fuel injection device (A), and is a fuel injection device. (A) It is formed with a predetermined interval (for example, about:! To 2 mm) from the outer periphery of the tip surface.
  • the second injection port (2) is a circular injection hole having a diameter of about 0.:! To 0.5 mm, inside the fuel injection device (1) so as to be surrounded by the first injection port (1). It is formed and positioned so as to be substantially concentric with the central axis of A).
  • Separate and independent fuel flow pipes communicate with the first injection port (1) and the second injection port (2), respectively, and the first liquid ( 11) is ejected, and the second liquid (21) having a surface tension different from that of the first liquid (11) is ejected from the second ejection port (2).
  • one of the first and second liquids (11, 21) is a combustible liquid fuel, and the other is mixed with different types of liquid fuel, water, etc. to produce a unique effect (for example, thermal NO. If you choose one that has (
  • the liquid injection method for example, a method used in a conventional diesel engine or the like may be employed.
  • the first and second liquids (11, 21) are filled in the tank, respectively, conveyed to the fuel flow pipe by a pressure feeding mechanism such as a hydraulic pump, and injected from the fuel injection device (A). It ’s fine.
  • a pressure control mechanism is provided on the fuel flow pipe to Needless to adjust.
  • stainless steel can be selected.
  • high-pressure fuel about 100 to 200 MPa
  • Stainless steel is excellent in corrosion resistance, and has higher tensile strength than steel, and has high elongation and excellent machinability, so it meets this condition.
  • austeniti stainless steels that are non-magnetic metals martensitic stainless steels that are magnetic metals
  • ferritic stainless steels (ferritic) stainless steels ferritic stainless steels (ferritic) stainless steels
  • austenite-ferritic stainless steels austenite-ferritic stainless steels
  • precipitation hardened stainless steels precipitation Hardening stainless steels.
  • the first injection port (1) When the first and second liquids (11, 21) are simultaneously injected from the fuel injection device (A) at an injection pressure of about 100 to 200 MPa, the first injection port (1) The first liquid (11) is ejected in a cylindrical film form from the second, and the second liquid (21) is sprayed in a particle state and radially from the second ejection opening (2).
  • the second liquid (21) consisting of an infinite number of particles is formed into a cylindrical film shape. It becomes possible to make it collide with the 1st liquid (11) which injects into this.
  • the distance between the inner periphery of the first injection port (1) and the outer periphery of the second injection port (2) is closer.
  • it is positioned at an interval of, for example: about 2 to 2 mm, preferably about 1 mm. It is preferable.
  • the second liquid (21) can be made to collide with the first liquid (11) immediately after the ejection.
  • the liquid is ejected in a high-temperature / high-pressure gas atmosphere or a vacuum atmosphere,
  • the liquids (11, 21) can collide with each other before they are torn off by the atmosphere.
  • the first liquid (11) and the second liquid (21) as described above have different surface tensions, so that the second liquid (21) composed of an infinite number of particles is formed into a cylindrical membrane shape.
  • a Marangoni wave can be induced on the first liquid (11) film.
  • the fuel injection device (A) to an internal combustion engine such as a diesel engine, the combustion efficiency can be significantly improved during actual combustion.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic time chart showing the principle of Marangoni wave generated in the fuel injection device according to the present invention and an internal combustion engine using the fuel injection device.
  • the surface of the surface where the second liquid (21) collided / attached to the first liquid (11) Due to the difference in tension, an instantaneous wave, that is, a Marango two wave, is generated.
  • This Marangoni wave instantly promotes the destabilization of the cylindrical membrane, which was originally in an unstable state, and innumerable holes are formed in the first liquid (11) (see (b) in the figure). Needless to say, not only the Marangoni wave but also the mechanical action at the collision between the liquids (11, 21) works in this hole formation.
  • the first liquid (11) in the form of a bowl has a further elongated shape, and finally cannot be maintained in a state connected by a thread, and the countless ultrafine particle arrays are formed. (See (d) in the figure).
  • the larger the surface tension difference of the liquid the more reliably the Marangoni wave is induced and activated, so that atomization can be further promoted.
  • Fig. 3 is a picture taken by an ultra-high-speed photographing device at the moment when Marangoni waves actually occur. It is a photograph showing a scene.
  • Figure 3 shows a thin film of ethyl alcohol (surface tension of about 22 mNZm at 20 ° C) on the lower ground surface, and water (surface tension of about 73 mNZm at 20 ° C) and glycerin (surface at 20 ° C) from the top.
  • An ultra-high speed developed by the present inventor at the moment when a mixed liquid (single droplet) with a tension ratio of 63mN / m) is dropped at a ratio of 1: 9 and ethyl alcohol collides with the mixed liquid.
  • a scene from a video camera shooting speed 1,000, OOOfps) is shown.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic perspective view showing a second embodiment of a fuel injection device according to the present invention and a fuel injection device ( ⁇ ) in an internal combustion engine using the same.
  • symbol is attached
  • the conditions relating to injection are the same as in the first embodiment.
  • the fuel injection device ( ⁇ ) as shown in FIG. 4 is substantially the same as the above-described first embodiment.
  • the second injection port (3 ) Is an annular injection slit hole (slit width of about 0.:! To 0.5 mm) that is the same shape as the first injection port (1), and is surrounded by the first injection port (1). And is formed substantially concentrically with the center axis of the fuel injection device (A).
  • the distance between the inner periphery of the first injection port (1) and the outer periphery of the second injection port (3) is, for example, about:! To 2 mm, more preferably about 1 mm, as in the first embodiment.
  • the first liquid (11) is injected into the cylindrical film shape from the first injection port (1) as in the first embodiment.
  • the second liquid (31) is ejected in the form of a cylindrical film like the first liquid (11).
  • the second ejection port (3) is configured to have a predetermined liquid ejection angle so that the second liquid (31) collides with the first liquid (11). Yes.
  • An example of a configuration in which the liquid ejection angle of the second ejection port (3) is provided is to form a spiral flow path leading to the second ejection port (3).
  • the second liquid (31) becomes a swirling flow, and as a result, as shown in FIG. 4, the second liquid (31) can be ejected in the shape of an inverted frustoconical film from the second ejection port (3). Crosses into the liquid (11).
  • the above-described configuration for generating the swirling flow can also be applied to the first embodiment. That is, in the first embodiment, by forming the flow path leading to the second injection port (2) in a spiral shape, the second liquid (21) becomes a swirling flow, and from the second injection port (2), It sprays in the shape of an inverted conic membrane and collides with the first liquid (11).
  • the above-described fuel injection device (A) uses a light oil (lightly varying force depending on the property, surface tension of about 23 to 25 mN / m at 20 ° C) and water. The case of applying a surface tension of approximately 73mN / m at 20 ° C will be described.
  • the combinations of the first and second liquids (11, 21) applied to the present invention are not limited to those described above.
  • heavy oil and water, LPG (liquefied petroleum gas) and water, light oil and group Combinations of lysine, light oil and ethyl alcohol can also be suitably used.
  • Light oil is injected in the form of a cylindrical membrane from the first injection port (1), and water is injected in the form of particles or inverted frustoconical film from the second injection port (2), colliding with each other and inducing Marangoni waves. There is super atomization. As another form, it is naturally possible to inject water from the first injection port (1) and light oil from the second injection port (2).
  • the addition rate of the surfactant is preferably 2% or less of the total liquid. This is to minimize the effect of surfactant on combustion during actual combustion.
  • surfactant examples include sodium salt of naphthalene sulfonic acid formalin condensate, sorbitan fatty acid ester such as sorbitan monooleate, polyoxyethylene fatty acid ester such as polyethylene glycol monooleate, and the like.
  • the amount of nitrogen oxides (thermal NO) generated at high temperatures can be reduced by lowering the combustion temperature by the amount of latent heat of vaporization of water. Low output due to lower combustion temperature
  • the present invention has a direct effect on saving earth resources by improving combustion efficiency, and also enables reduction of harmful emissions.
  • Transportation equipment that employs diesel engines where gas countermeasures are difficult (for example, large Car, ship, train, etc.).
  • the present invention can be applied not only to the transportation equipment industry but also to a gas turbine used in, for example, a boiler.
  • the present invention can be suitably used for diesel engines such as automobiles, ships, and trains.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view showing a first embodiment of a fuel injection device according to the present invention and a fuel injection device in an internal combustion engine using the fuel injection device.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic time chart showing the principle of a Marangoni wave generated in a fuel injection device according to the present invention and an internal combustion engine using the fuel injection device.
  • FIG. 3 This is a photograph showing a scene taken by an ultra high-speed photographing device at the moment when Marangoni waves actually occur.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic perspective view showing a second embodiment of a fuel injection device according to the present invention and a fuel injection device in an internal combustion engine using the fuel injection device.
  • a Fuel injection device [0044] A Fuel injection device

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)

Abstract

Le problème à résoudre dans le cadre de la présente invention est de proposer un injecteur de carburant qui réduit efficacement le carburant en fines particules d'un diamètre extrêmement faible par l'intermédiaire de moyens relativement simples sans nécessiter de processus de préchauffage de carburant pour ainsi obtenir non seulement une optimisation importante de l'efficacité de combustion mais également la réduction d'émission de combustion toxique. La solution proposée consiste en un injecteur de carburant qui comporte un orifice d'injection de liquide pour injection de liquide, caractérisé en ce que l'orifice d'injection de liquide se compose d'un premier orifice d'injection pour injecter un premier liquide sous forme pelliculaire et un second orifice d'injection pour injecter un second liquide avec une tension superficielle différente de celle du premier liquide sous forme particulaire ou forme pelliculaire, et qu'au moins un parmi le premier liquide et le second liquide est un liquide combustible, et que le premier orifice d'injection et le second orifice d'injection sont agencés afin de forcer le second liquide à entrer en collision avec le premier liquide.
PCT/JP2007/052890 2006-02-20 2007-02-16 Injecteur de carburant et moteur a combustion interne associe WO2007097265A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2006043206A JP2007218237A (ja) 2006-02-20 2006-02-20 燃料噴射装置及びそれを用いた内燃機関
JP2006-043206 2006-02-20

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Publication Number Publication Date
WO2007097265A1 true WO2007097265A1 (fr) 2007-08-30

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WO (1) WO2007097265A1 (fr)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111911322B (zh) * 2020-06-30 2021-05-04 南京理工大学 一种气液同轴撞击式燃油喷嘴

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2001173517A (ja) * 1999-11-17 2001-06-26 Robert Bosch Gmbh 内燃機関のシリンダに水噴射するためのモジュールと燃料噴射弁とから成る構成群
JP2001508522A (ja) * 1997-10-25 2001-06-26 ローベルト ボツシユ ゲゼルシヤフト ミツト ベシユレンクテル ハフツング 燃料及び添加流体を噴射するための２成分ノズル
JP2002538348A (ja) * 1999-02-24 2002-11-12 ナムローゼ・フェンノートシャップ・ケマ 液体燃料を燃焼させるための燃焼ユニット及び該燃焼ユニットを含む動力生成システム
JP2005127196A (ja) * 2003-10-22 2005-05-19 Denso Corp 燃料噴射装置
WO2006092887A1 (fr) * 2005-02-24 2006-09-08 Komatsu Ltd. Unite d'injection de carburant pour moteur diesel

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2001508522A (ja) * 1997-10-25 2001-06-26 ローベルト ボツシユ ゲゼルシヤフト ミツト ベシユレンクテル ハフツング 燃料及び添加流体を噴射するための２成分ノズル
JP2002538348A (ja) * 1999-02-24 2002-11-12 ナムローゼ・フェンノートシャップ・ケマ 液体燃料を燃焼させるための燃焼ユニット及び該燃焼ユニットを含む動力生成システム
JP2001173517A (ja) * 1999-11-17 2001-06-26 Robert Bosch Gmbh 内燃機関のシリンダに水噴射するためのモジュールと燃料噴射弁とから成る構成群
JP2005127196A (ja) * 2003-10-22 2005-05-19 Denso Corp 燃料噴射装置
WO2006092887A1 (fr) * 2005-02-24 2006-09-08 Komatsu Ltd. Unite d'injection de carburant pour moteur diesel

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