WO2007093699A2 - Dispositif propulseur par acceleration de particules et applications dudit dispositif - Google Patents
Dispositif propulseur par acceleration de particules et applications dudit dispositif Download PDFInfo
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- WO2007093699A2 WO2007093699A2 PCT/FR2007/000249 FR2007000249W WO2007093699A2 WO 2007093699 A2 WO2007093699 A2 WO 2007093699A2 FR 2007000249 W FR2007000249 W FR 2007000249W WO 2007093699 A2 WO2007093699 A2 WO 2007093699A2
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- acceleration
- universons
- superconducting
- flux
- anisotropic
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
- H05H1/00—Generating plasma; Handling plasma
- H05H1/54—Plasma accelerators
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03H—PRODUCING A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03H99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
Definitions
- Propulsion device by particle acceleration and applications of said device.
- the present invention relates to propellant devices by acceleration of particles of material, and their applications.
- the present invention relates in particular to devices used to create, remotely and without contact, a thrust acceleration of the material. Under certain conditions, these devices become self-propelled. This acceleration of thrust and / or self-propulsion is obtained thanks to the anisotropy of spatial distribution of quantum carriers of a new interaction, experimentally demonstrated, and named by the inventor "Universons", this anisotropy being obtained artificially thanks to the 'invention.
- the invention is extended to all applications using such devices.
- the subject of the present invention is therefore a propellant device by particle acceleration, comprising means for accelerating material particles mainly in a unidirectional manner.
- Said means comprising a source of energy and an enclosure containing the particles of material to be accelerated.
- Said enclosure being supplied with energy from said source of energy.
- said particles of material are especially electrons, protons, neutrons and / or ions.
- said enclosure comprises at least one superconductor.
- said means further comprise a cooling cryostat for cooling at least one superconductor to a temperature below its critical temperature.
- said enclosure comprises a superconductive material consisting of several layers of slightly different chemical composition and critical temperature, to obtain, at the operating temperature, one or more partially superconducting transition zones, one or more superconducting zones, and one or more conductive areas.
- said enclosure comprises first and second layers of superconducting material separated by a transition zone, the critical temperature of the second layer being lower than that of the first layer, the critical temperature of the transition zone being intermediate between those of the first and second layers of superconducting material, so that at the operating temperature of the device, the first layer is superconducting and the second layer is not superconducting, the transition zone being partially superconducting.
- said enclosure is non-conductive and sealed, and contains an ionizable gas.
- said enclosure is powered by a voltage generator, causing discharges of ions which are accelerated in said enclosure by appropriate electromagnetic fields.
- said energy source is continuous, alternative or pulsed.
- the present invention also relates to the use of a device as described above, to create, at a distance and without contact, a thrust acceleration on any material, said acceleration having the properties of the gravitational acceleration and being obtained artificially by means of the acceleration of the particles of material remaining confined in said device.
- the present invention also relates to the use of a device as described above, to create a self-propulsion acceleration of the device itself, said acceleration being obtained artificially by means of the acceleration of the particles of material remaining confined in said device.
- the present invention also relates to the use of a device as described above, for producing electrical energy remotely from a propulsive flow.
- Figure 1 shows the acceleration of an electron of an atom by a constant external electric field E
- FIG. 2 is an example of a pulsed multi-layer superconductor device (the cryostat is not shown);
- FIG. 3 is an exemplary variant of the multilayer superconducting device powered by alternating current (the cryostat is not shown);
- FIG. 4 is an exemplary variant of the superconducting device in its amplifying version alone, powered by pulses (the cryostat is not shown);
- FIG. 5 is an example of a transmitter and amplifier device using the acceleration of ions in a low-pressure sealed and insulating tank, supplied either continuously or by successive pulses (in this example, negative ions are accelerated);
- FIG. 6 is an example of a plane mosaic of emitter / thruster devices arranged to obtain a large propulsive flow;
- FIG. 7 is an example of a mosaic of emitter / thruster devices arranged to obtain a concentrator effect of the emitted propulsive flow
- FIG. 8 is an example of a mosaic of emitter / thruster devices arranged to obtain a dispersing effect of the emitted propulsive flow
- FIG. 9 is an example of a tri-layer superconductor compact emitter module.
- FIG. 10 is an example of an application diagram in an electric energy generator module, the cryostat not being shown.
- General principles of the invention :
- ⁇ 2 ⁇ A ⁇ / c (1) is always larger than in the opposite direction, where captured Universons are never re-emitted.
- ⁇ is the duration of capture of natural Universons by matter and c the speed of light.
- the invention uses the symmetry of the theory, therefore the artificial phenomenon exactly opposite: the device creates an artificial anisotropy of the natural flow of Universons which crosses it.
- An anisotropic flux ⁇ of quasi-unidirectional Universons is thus created artificially, a flux which is capable of exerting an acceleration of thrust on matter, whatever its nature, and of self-propelling the Universons emitting device in the opposite direction to that of propagation of the anisotropic flux emitted.
- E the accelerating electric field (volts per meter). Ap acceleration of particles (meters per square second).
- ⁇ the solid angle in which the Universons are reemitted in excess by each accelerated particle, in the direction of acceleration (steradians).
- n the number of Universons captured or reemitted by a particle during the time ⁇ .
- N the number of Universons captured or reemitted by a particle for one second.
- F the almost unidirectional flux of Universons reemitted by a single accelerated particle in the solid angle ⁇ (Universons per second).
- the anisotropic flux of Universons emitted by the device is proportional to the current I and to the electric field E when only electrons, protons or ions once ionized with a constant electric field are accelerated.
- the self-propelling device of the invention it is not the entire device that is accelerated by an external force, but only certain charged particles of this device are accelerated by an electromagnetic process. But the result of this acceleration is still that a non-isotropic flux of Universons is emitted by the device, and these Universons emerge from the accelerator at the speed of light.
- the transmitting device is pushed in the opposite direction to that of the emitted stream.
- the anisotropic flux ⁇ of emitted Universons is extremely concentrated, since its extent is limited to the solid angle ⁇ which is always extremely small. Therefore, this non-isotropic flux can push very far any material irradiated by this flow, regardless of the material obstacles interposed.
- the acceleration of the device will be 1,000,000 g.
- a Universon emission device using the constant acceleration of particles must operate in very short successive pulses. But of course, variants of the device can use a variable acceleration of particles in time or the acceleration of different particles succeeding each other.
- the thrust or self - propulsion acceleration obtained can be used, depending on its intensity and its adjustable orientation, for a very large number of applications.
- the present invention relates to all applications that use any artificial device for producing an anisotropic flow of Universons from the natural flow responsible for natural gravitation.
- the incoming anisotropic flux is strictly equal to the outgoing flux.
- the theory of this conversion also demonstrates that it is actually the isotropic natural flux of Universons, through its interaction with accelerated electrons, which communicates the energy required by the electrons.
- the incoming anisotropic flux is not absorbed, it only undergoes changes in the temporal distribution of the Universons.
- the outflow is very slightly less concentrated than the inflow.
- the isotropic natural flux of Universons is however slightly modified by this phenomenon.
- the natural Universons travel the space in all directions, at the speed of light, and they interact weakly with matter, being very briefly captured by it, then re-emitted.
- the object of the invention is therefore to use the energy of this natural flow of Universons by artificially obtaining a local anisotropy of this flow to create a thrust and thus allow multiple innovative applications.
- the first embodiment makes use of the electron acceleration in a particular superconducting body, by any electromagnetic process conceivable.
- FIG. 1 representing the movement of an electron around the atomic nucleus N of an atom subjected to an external electric field E.
- the electron is represented at two particular moments of his trajectory on the same figure.
- the electrons are subjected to a unidirectional acceleration, due to the field, which is added vectorially to the acceleration due to the attraction of the nucleus N.
- This acceleration A is exerted in the opposite direction of the direction.
- the electron re-emits an anisotropic flux of Universons larger in the solid angle ⁇ i than in all other directions of space.
- the election moves to the "upward" side, ie to the left in Figure 1. Its speed is the same as that of the previous position, but it is oriented in the opposite direction , obviously.
- the electron since the electron is moving in the direction of the constant external electric field E, it undergoes a "braking", which is simply an acceleration -A directed in the opposite direction of its velocity in the electron bound. But in the reference of the outside observer, the acceleration -A that the electron undergoes then has exactly the same orientation as the previous acceleration A.
- the electron subjected to a constant electric field actually undergoes, from this field, always an acceleration of the same orientation, whatever its position or its speed. Therefore, the electron always re-emits an anisotropic flux of Universons more important in the solid angle ⁇ 2 .
- FIG. 2 shows the example of a schematic diagram of a variant of the device of the invention, using a pulsed accelerating electric field obtained by the periodic discharge of a capacitor.
- the capacitor C is first charged by a generator G of DC voltage when the switch (usually electronic) is flipped to the left. Then, when the capacitor is charged, the switch is then swung to the right and the capacitor discharges into the particular superconducting material S, consisting of two superconducting layers Si and S 2 separated by a transition zone of non-zero thickness Zt .
- the superconducting assembly was previously brought to a temperature below the critical temperature of Si.
- the critical temperature of S 2 is lower than that of Si.
- the critical temperature of Zt is intermediate between those of Si and S 2 . These properties can be obtained through chemical compositions very slightly different from Si and S 2 . Therefore, at the operating temperature of the device, the Si layer is superconducting and the S 2 layer is not. The Zt layer is partially superconducting (some of its crystals are, others not, for example).
- the classic cooling cryostat of the superconductor is not represented in FIG. 2. A very large current of electrons thus travels the superconductor from bottom to top, from the thin conductive electrode e- to the thin conductive electrode e +, and these electrons are subject to a very strong acceleration somewhere during their journey, because of the electric field.
- the electronic current thus varies in time during the discharge of the capacitor C.
- the use of a superconductor brought to the appropriate temperature is essential, so that the internal resistance of the device is almost zero. Otherwise, an electric field would appear in the conductive material and this electric field would act on the protons of the atoms, which would also produce a flow of Universons of opposite anisotropy, which would cancel the expected acceleration.
- the non-superconducting layer S 2 thus emits two streams of Universes of equal and opposite anisotropies, one is due to the acceleration of the electrons, the other is due to the acceleration of the protons.
- the flux of Universons due to the electrons is emitted by S 2 in the direction ⁇ of FIG. 2, that is to say towards Si.
- the superconducting zone Si is traversed at the same time by an intense current of electrons and by an anisotropic flow of Universons very concentrated, in the direction ⁇ .
- the electrons are thus accelerated strongly, within Si not by an electric field, but by the directed flow of Universons created a little by S 2 but especially by the transition zone Zt. Thus, although the electric field is zero inside the layer If the electrons are still very strongly accelerated.
- any mass located in the exact axis of the anisotropic flux ⁇ receives a thrust acceleration, similar to the gravitational acceleration, from this flow. And this acceleration is observable even at very great distance because the angular dispersion of the flux is very small. This acceleration depends closely on the acceleration of the electrons, which can lead to a large number of possible variants of the apparatus according to this same principle.
- the acceleration obtained thus presents all the characters of the gravitational interaction, that is to say that it is of infinite range, independent of the nature of the materials, insensitive to any obstacles, and produces no effect other than a surge of matter.
- the anisotropic beam ⁇ of Universons emitted is more or less concentrated and intense. It is therefore possible to modulate the anisotropic flux of Universons in intensity, duration and orientation, so also for thrust acceleration.
- the superconductor Before cooling to the critical temperature, in some of these devices, the superconductor may be subjected to a magnetic field obtained by means of a solenoid or magnets, which confers on the device, and thus on the stream of created Universons, particular properties of intensity and dispersion.
- the device can be used for very long distance communications (because these are gravitational waves).
- the device using a superconductor can be miniaturized, for remote manipulation of very small masses without any contact, as is indispensable, for example, in intracorporeal exploration or microsurgery, or in molecular biology, nanotechnology, etc.
- the device can also be made in very large size, use a cold wall lined with superconducting modules, to propel a vehicle for example.
- Electron concentration or deflection devices can also be used by means of electromagnetic fields to concentrate, disperse or deflect the Universons artificial flux responsible for the desired thrust.
- the method of accelerating the electrons in the superconducting layers must be such that their velocity is variable over time so that the flow of Universons is manifested.
- an acceleration of the electrons obtained by means of a high frequency electromagnetic field is able to provide an acceleration proportional to the square of the excitation frequency, thus a thrust having this property.
- a high-current generator G is connected to the electrodes e of the complex superconducting material Si + S 2 + Zt cooled below the critical temperature of Si (the cooling cryostat is also not shown in Figure 3).
- the anisotropic flux of the resulting Universons ⁇ is alternately directed in one direction and the other at the threshold of the layer Zt, but the amplification of the flux by the layer Si is unidirectional. As a result, the anisotropic flux exerts a non-zero thrust on the device itself, and it can obviously exert a remote push on the material.
- the superconductor is often powered by induction, due to the extremely low impedance of the load, the secondary of the impedance transformer being the material.
- the advantage of this device is to be able to obtain an anisotropic flux of Universons whose intensity is controlled by the frequency of the generator in addition to its output current.
- the transition layer Zt can be replaced by an extremely thin insulating layer, which is thus placed between two superconducting materials.
- This device then presents itself as a Josephson junction.
- the electric field E is then concentrated in the insulating layer. Electrons nevertheless cross this insulating barrier by tunnel effect and they are strongly accelerated.
- the superconducting layer Si then plays the role of amplifier.
- This variant is part of the invention insofar as it is optimized to emit a maximum propulsive flow, which is not the usual way of using such junctions.
- a concentrated anisotropic stream of incoming Universons ⁇ i is amplified and exits the apparatus in the form of flux ⁇ 2 in the same direction as the incoming flow, but of a much higher intensity.
- Transmitters and cascades can also be mounted at the end of rotating arms to cover all rotary engine applications.
- the Universons anisotropic flux amplifier which is only one of the variants of the invention, can be used alone or in cascade with any other type of propulsive flow emitter.
- the flow amplifier shown schematically in Figure 4 is completely reversible. That is, if one does not power the apparatus, the crossing of the superconductor by the anisotropic flow of incoming Universons results in the creation of an electric current, by acceleration of the free electrons.
- the incoming flow is not amplified, so the output flow is the same as the input flux, and it is the natural isotropic flux of Universons that supplies energy to the electrons.
- This device is not different from the previous, so it is part of the invention.
- this generator in a simplified manner, according to the diagram of FIG. 10, where the capacitor and the inverter have been removed. Note that the generation of electrical energy reverses the polarities compared to the amplifying version.
- the cooling cryostat of the superconductor is not shown in FIG.
- the superconducting material to be used in the device of the first embodiment is generally (but not always, for example when one wishes to realize an amplifier) an intimate, layered assembly of superconducting material and ordinary conductive material of the same structure. In general, two layers separated by a transition zone are used.
- a sintered ceramic made of yttrium, barium, copper and oxygen such as YBa 2 Cu 3 O 7 (hereinafter Yi 23 ) is an example of a usable superconductor.
- the mixture may contain traces of Ce and Ag conferring properties of interest for certain applications.
- the layer of conductive material of adjacent structure is, when it is used, generally composed of the same elements to which are added traces of rare earth (Tr) according to the conventional formula: Yi. x Tr x Ba 2 Cu 3 ⁇ 7-y.
- the rare earths used are Ce, Pr, Sm, Pm, Tb, etc.
- the transition layer which is essential for producing an anisotropic flux emitter of Universons, is often simply a "progressive" mixture of the two preceding materials, or else it results from a suitable heat treatment.
- the realization of this type of material makes for example the following procedure, described for information purposes, under very strict conditions of temperature, rate of growth and decrease of temperature, as well as purity of materials:
- Ground powders are used very finely (about one micron) of yttrium oxide, cupric oxide, and barium carbonate (Y 2 O 3 , CuO and BaCO 3 ). These materials must be very pure, their grinding and their subsequent handling must not bring pollutants of any nature whatsoever, this point is very critical.
- the process comprises the steps of mixing, calcination, first annealing under oxygen, grinding and pressing, finally final annealing under oxygen, optionally repeated.
- the air calcination of the mixture is done in the oven, for 20 to 24 hours at a temperature of 930 - 970 0 C (it is preferable to calcine at 95O 0 C).
- a mold of alumina or porcelain is used to contain the homogeneous mixture of powders.
- the mixed powder is placed in an induction furnace, for heat treatment at 830 ° C. for 8 hours under a low pressure oxygen atmosphere (2 to 4 millibars). This is the protocol described by Balachandan (1989) or Lindemer (1991).
- the porous and dense block, uniform dark gray, YBa 2 Cu 3 O x thus obtained is first ground very thinly, then placed in a mold in alumina and heated in the oven to 500 ° C, the temperature at which the low flow of oxygen in the furnace begins.
- the temperature is gradually increased to 925/975 ° C, where it remains for 18 hours.
- a temperature above 1050 0 C can destroy the material.
- the cooling must be very slow, not more than 100 ° C per hour up to 400 0 C where the flow of oxygen is stopped. Then the temperature decrease should not exceed 200 ° C per hour.
- the complete cooling therefore requires at least 7.5 hours and the use of a furnace designed for this purpose and well controlled temperature is preferable.
- the porous and dense block, uniform dark gray, YBa 2 Cu 3 O x obtained during the calcination is finely ground and pressed into "pellets" under low pressure, then the pellets are heated in air at 1050 0 C with a very slow rise in temperature for 10 hours. The pellets are then slowly cooled to reach 1010 ° C. in 4 hours, then the mixture is cooled further to 960 ° C., the temperature decrease being spread over 25 hours. Then cooled to room temperature in 10 hours. This is the MTG procedure described by Murahami (1992) or by Narki (2000).
- pellets (or the powder more or less agglomerated) obtained are then ground by ball mill or mortar with a pestle, and sieves allow to retain only grains of less than 30 microns for the future. It is particularly crucial not to introduce impurities into the powder during this process, especially traces of magnetic material from the mill, pestle, or sieves.
- the conductive material which contains traces of rare earths, is made according to several proportions of these traces, so as to obtain the most favorable transition zone.
- each powder is mixed with a binder (for example polyvinyl alcohol or even distilled water).
- a binder for example polyvinyl alcohol or even distilled water.
- the layer of powder YBa 2 Cu 3 O 7-3 , bonded superconductor occupies about 70% by weight of the total, over the desired total thickness.
- the diameter of the mold and the thickness of the superconductor will determine the thrust flow to be obtained.
- the final annealing under oxygen of the wafer is then carried out.
- the pressed or packed powder sample is heated between 950 and 1000 ° C. for 18 hours, the temperature of 1000 ° C. is preferable provided that a well-controlled temperature oven is used. Beyond 1000 ° C, there is risk of destruction of the material (and alumina mold bonding). But below
- the ceramic has harmful cracks.
- the very slow cooling is done in an atmosphere saturated with oxygen, particularly between 900 0 C and 300 0 C.
- the cooling rate must be controlled and not exceed 100 0 C per hour, especially between 750 and 400 ° C. Even slower cooling under oxygen is preferable in this temperature range.
- the rate of rise in temperature must not exceed 300 ° C. per hour, but a growth of 150 ° C. per hour is preferable.
- the block is then machined with diamond tools because the ceramic obtained is very hard. It begins by removing the layer of hc 2 3 of a thickness of 0.3 mm on the side of the outer layer of the superconductor.
- transmitters and amplifiers lining a wall is obtained by cutting rods of material which are then matched according to their characteristics.
- the procedure ends with the determination of the characteristics of the obtained superconductor.
- the final material is quite sensitive to moisture, so it must be kept in a very dry environment.
- the material for example the material Y 123 defined previously
- the material must be cooled far below its critical temperature under high current (generally around 70 to 80.degree. K).
- high current generally around 70 to 80.degree. K
- Liquefied nitrogen and liquefied helium, and their vapors, are generally used to ensure that this temperature is maintained and maintained at high power.
- Low power transmitters can generally operate from 93 K. The expected evolution of superconducting technology will undoubtedly raise the operating temperature.
- the circulation of the electrons can be provided by welded metal electrodes (for example with Indium) on the faces of the block of material Y 123 , by applying a potential difference between these electrodes.
- the superconducting output side of the propulsive flow must be positive and the apparatus then operates in repetitive pulses.
- the repeated discharge of capacitors is generally used to power the device, as in the example of FIG. 2.
- the device is also self-propulsive, the flux pulses of Universons coming out of the positive side. superconducting, and propulsion thrust in the opposite direction.
- the acceleration of the electrons is alternative, with a maximum proportional to the square of the frequency of the electron current.
- the intensity of the alternative anisotropic flux of Universons is also proportional to the square of the frequency of the electron current.
- the anisotropic flux of Universons is amplified in only one direction by the layer of superconducting material block S 1 , and can therefore act in a single direction, at a distance. The propulsive effect also exists on the transmitter device itself since the pulses are unidirectional.
- AC powered devices are designed to accommodate the limited field penetration in the superconducting material. That is why this type of device advantageously uses a mosaic of three-layer superconductor rods cut from the same material.
- the transmitter / thruster devices or the cascades comprising amplifiers can be miniaturized, associated in parallel, synchronized, and modulated in transmission power. This is for example to line the wall of a vehicle and thus obtain a new, adjustable propulsion system whose anisotropic outlet flow does not represent a risk for human organisms or the environment, because the thrust per unit of surface then remains very small.
- the cooling of the multilayer superconductor modules can be obtained with a low consumption of circulating liquid nitrogen, particularly in applications where the modules are not excited with high electrical power, which is generally the case (as we are going to to see him). Therefore, the use of such mosaics is feasible in most operating conditions.
- each module is an acceleration of the order of 0.05% of the acceleration of gravity.
- Such acceleration is absolutely harmless on human organisms, because it is equivalent to the change in gravity perceived when climbing in a plane of 1600 meters. It is also without consequences on the environment. And a 40-fold increase is also without consequences. Now it is possible to mosaic ten thousand identical modules per square meter, which obviously provides an acceleration of 50 m / s 2 or 5 times the acceleration of gravity.
- FIG. 9 shows the sectional diagram of an example of a tri-layer superconducting compact emitter module intended for such mosaics, in which the capacitor COND is wound around the superconducting rod S and the switch replaced by a built-in THY thyristor.
- a copper sole SC is advantageously associated with this arrangement.
- Another variant not shown uses a capacitor placed above the thyristor to reduce the section of each module and ensure a more intense emitted flux.
- Another typical example of a device for creating thrust acceleration by an anisotropic flow of Universons uses the acceleration of particles of mass greater than that of electrons, for example protons (ionized hydrogen atoms), or even positive or negative ions much more massive still.
- this second type of apparatus is similar to the previous one, namely that charged particles are accelerated by means of electromagnetic fields. Since the charge of the accelerated particles is greater than that of the electrons, and the path of the particles in the partial vacuum is longer than that of the electrons in the superconductor, this device, represented in FIG. 5, is in principle capable of providing an anisotropic flux of Universons and a thrust acceleration much higher than those of the previous type electron apparatus.
- negative ions are thus accelerated by means of periodic discharges within a rarefied gas confined in a sealed non-conducting enclosure.
- a device accelerating positive ions can also be performed on the same principle.
- a very high DC voltage generator G periodically supplies the discharge vessel. There is therefore an avalanche of negative ions between the negative emitter e and the positive collector c.
- Various conventional means can be used to facilitate ionization at the transmitter and to capture the electrons torn from the gas atoms in the case where positive ions, such as priming electrodes, a flow of ions, are accelerated. particles emitted by a radioelement, an electronic bombardment, etc.
- pulsed device of the preceding embodiment with a superconductor, placed inside or outside the tank to reinforce the discharge, provided that the anisotropic fluxes of emitted Universons are well aligned, and to create a stream of the same synchronized sense.
- the discharge vessel is also an anisotropic flow amplifier of one or more external or internal transmitters exactly synchronized.
- a three-layer superconductor, as described above, may also constitute an electron emitter and anisotropic flux of Universons to accelerate negative ions.
- the discharge vessel must have internal electrodes or better still one or more external solenoids B designed to concentrate the ion discharge and to reproduce its trajectory.
- the anisotropic flux of Universons thus created possesses the diameter of the ion beam, as demonstrated by the theory of Universons.
- This type of device depending on its size, power and operating frequency, can be adapted to all types of applications requiring greater thrust acceleration than the model using acceleration electron.
- the nature of the ionized gas to produce the very strong discharge also makes it possible to increase the intensity of the propulsive flow.
- An advantage of this second embodiment is that it does not require cryogenic cooling if a superconducting device is not associated with it.
- the discharge chamber contains an easily ionizable gas of great atomic mass (for example Argon, Mercury vapor, possibly Helium) at a pressure of the order of 1 Pa, which in fact depends on the size of the ion beam and its intensity, therefore the voltage supplied by the generator.
- the order of magnitude of the average free path of the accelerated ions must indeed be equal to the distance separating the emitter from the collector, so that the collisions of ions with the neutral atoms of the tank do not modify the acceleration of the ions.
- the discharge chamber is designed so that, if positive ions are used, the acceleration of ions created by the discharge is not collinear with an inverse electron current created by the ionization.
- Ionization is facilitated by a geometry of the emitter creating a very intense and highly concentrated local electric field, for example by means of micro spikes, as in the diagram of Figure 5.
- the chamber can be surrounded by a winding B cooled, traversed by an intense DC current, so as to obtain a magnetic field of the order of one Tesla in the axis of the ion beam.
- the objective of this field is to guarantee the concentration of the path of the ion beam that hits the collector at a point that must always be the same. Indeed, the ions all having the same charge repel, which disperses the beam in the absence of a magnetic field. It is very important that the ion beam remains extremely concentrated.
- the materials constituting the emitter and the collector are chosen to withstand many discharges very localized on their surface. We seek to obtain a current of more than 10,000 A for 10 to 100 microseconds by way of example.
- the Universon beam obtained is unidirectional, in the direction of the ion collector, in the exact axis of acceleration of the ions. This beam has sharp edges, it is very little dispersive.
- This device can in principle operate in steady state if properly cooled, but its use in pulse mode is technically easier. In this case, the voltages and fields are only applied for a very short time and repeated regularly.
- the device has any interest in being confined in an enclosure absorbing X-rays, radio waves, and intense fields, because in any case these "shields" are still transparent for the anisotropic flow of Universons created.
- propulsive flow generators based on the same principles, can be realized. They all have in common the fact of accelerating very strongly neutral or charged particles of greater or lesser intrinsic mass.
- alpha-emitting radioactive bodies whose radiation is accelerated by electromagnetic fields can be used.
- Combinations of the various types or variants of Universons anisotropic flux generators and amplifiers are also conceivable to obtain combined thrust characteristics.
- the invention induces innumerable applications. It concerns the production and use of various technical devices capable of creating, at a distance and without contact and without deleterious effects, an artificial thrust acceleration of the irradiated material having the physical properties of the gravitational acceleration. Any mass located in the axis of the anisotropic flux of Universons ⁇ emitted by the emitter device undergoes a thrust acceleration, similar to the gravitational acceleration, on the part of this flux. This acceleration has an almost infinite range because the angular dispersion of the anisotropic flux is very small.
- the accelerator flow is completely insensitive to the physical obstacles interposed on its path, whatever they are.
- the acceleration undergone by the body irradiated by the anisotropic flow of Universons is independent of its own mass, in exactly the same way as in the case of gravitation.
- the anisotropic flux of Universons propels the emitting device itself, in the opposite direction to the output direction of the emitted anisotropic flux.
- the technical and industrial applications of this invention therefore relate to a very large number of fields, propulsion and transport, mechanics, telecommunications, energy, including in the space, medical-surgical and pharmaceutical sectors, organic, domestic, agro-alimentary, geophysical, and even artistic, etc.
- Propulsion of vehicles of any kind primarily land, rail, sea, air (helicopters without rotor included), but also space, etc.
- the emitted stream accelerates in the opposite direction of its transmission direction the transmitting device, so the vehicle that contains it.
- the device can create an "adjustable artificial gravity" where it appears necessary, for example in a space vehicle in a state of weightlessness, in order to avoid the corresponding physiological constraints to the crew.
- One of the very innovative features of the vehicles propelled by these devices is to allow to obtain considerable accelerations without hindrance for the onboard crew. Indeed, this propulsion acts at the level of all the elementary particles of matter, both those of the vehicle and those of the crew. In this case, with a suitable configuration of the propulsion system, there is no longer any inertial effect or limit of acceleration that can be tolerated by human organisms.
- Vehicles using propulsion of this type will have the possibility of having a helicopter, airplane, spacecraft and marine or underwater vehicle behavior, if necessary.
- the device of the invention can lift any masses without contact, in the manner of a crane or a helicopter, but without any cable.
- the device can push a mobile at a great distance from itself, such as a vehicle of any kind, without this mobile has on board any propulsion system.
- the emitted stream is indeed insensitive to all types of screen, including the globe, but it is flexible of course.
- the device can rotate one or more axes (in order to obtain a rotary motor) for all already identified or future applications in which a rotary system is necessary, with the difference that the process which is the subject of the invention is, again, free from any release of pollutants into the environment.
- the device can produce mechanical energy in all its forms: for example replace cylinders, dig deep wells, moving heavy earthmoving or agricultural machines without having to resort to the adhesion of wheels or tracks in a difficult environment.
- the device of the invention allows non-contact micromanipulation in electronic, biological, pharmaceutical and nano technologies.
- the realization of mixers, presses and stirrers without any contact are examples of important applications for many industries, they do not require strong powers, so they will be developed quickly.
- the device can drive an electric generator.
- the device can also directly produce electricity by moving charged particles in a conductor or superconductor, this is a particularly promising application of this invention.
- the devices of the invention are in fact totally reversible, that is to say that a pulsed anisotropic flux of Universons applied to a superconductor for example, provides a very intense electric current by direct conversion of energy by displacing the electrons virtually without losses. Therefore it appears theoretically possible to produce electrical energy by means of such devices, the primary energy from the natural flow of Universons responsible for gravitation.
- ⁇ passes through a superconductor S, which creates a displacement of the free electrons and thus feeds the use U connected to the electrodes e- and e +.
- This device uses the symmetry property of the amplification phenomenon shown schematically in FIG. 4. But in the electric generator of FIG. 10, the anisotropic flow of output Universons and the anisotropic input flux are equal, which makes it possible to group such generators in cascade, in order to increase the electric power produced as much as necessary, because the incoming flow is not absorbed.
- the primary source of energy is then the isotropic natural flux of Universons that interacts with the electrons to manifest the inertia of their mass.
- the operation of such a device can be understood by analogy with a waterfall driving a turbine and an electric generator, where the primary energy is the constant acceleration of water molecules due to gravity. Gravity which is a constant anisotropic flux of Universons.
- the electrons play the same role as the water molecules of the fall, and their displacement is directly an electric current.
- the cryostat essential for the operation of the superconductor, is not shown in Figure 10.
- this inexhaustible and non-polluting energy will be favorable to the harmonization by also allowing the co-development of the states of the third world, and moreover it will certainly contribute to restore the ecological balances of the Earth, because it is there 'energy without waste and no adverse effects on the climate and the ecosystem.
- the present invention induces multiple applications in the medical-surgical, physiological, pharmaceutical and biological sectors.
- Universons anisotropic flux-emitting devices especially in their version of concentrating mosaics, as shown schematically in FIG. 7, will allow a very precise, targeted, non-invasive action because at a distance and without contact, and even through interposed tissue barriers, and not aggressive, because without adverse or deleterious effects.
- the present invention will allow new non-invasive treatments and intracorporeal investigations.
- it may allow non-contact microsurgery.
- vascular organic ducts may help to unclog vascular organic ducts: coronary arteries, cerebral arteries, etc.
- unclog non-vascular organic ducts urinary, biliary, bronchial ducts, etc. It may also help to destroy, at a distance, and without adverse collateral effects, tumors, clots, stones, etc.
- the applications of the present invention relate to almost all medical and surgical specialties, and are intended for all age groups, including the fetal antenatal field. They are able to develop in the therapeutic field, but also in multiple areas of investigation.
- the present invention will allow new identified applications, also related to certain particular effects of an anisotropic flow of Universons: for example to modify at a distance and without contact the electrical properties of the membranes, the electrolytes and to intervene in this way in physiological actions, physico-chemical or pharmacological, for example to induce anesthesia without the use of chemicals. Or, for example, change the electromotive force of accumulator batteries, etc. Such effects have already been observed fortuitously.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Particle Accelerators (AREA)
- Measurement Of Radiation (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (6)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US12/224,028 US20100251717A1 (en) | 2006-02-14 | 2007-02-13 | Propelling Device by Means of Matter Particles Acceleration, and Applications of this Device |
CN2007800055731A CN101384820B (zh) | 2006-02-14 | 2007-02-13 | 借助于物质粒子加速的推进设备及其应用 |
JP2008554806A JP2009526943A (ja) | 2006-02-14 | 2007-02-13 | 物質粒子加速を用いた推進デバイスおよびその応用 |
EP07730962.3A EP1989442B1 (fr) | 2006-02-14 | 2007-02-13 | Dispositif propulseur par accélération de particules et applications dudit dispositif |
CA2640037A CA2640037C (fr) | 2006-02-14 | 2007-02-13 | Dispositif propulseur par acceleration de particules de matiere et applications dudit dispositif |
IL193046A IL193046A (en) | 2006-02-14 | 2008-07-24 | Propulsion device by accelerating particles and applying them |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR0601274 | 2006-02-14 | ||
FR0601274A FR2897398A1 (fr) | 2006-02-14 | 2006-02-14 | Dispositif propulseur par acceleration de particules et applications dudit dispositif |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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WO2007093699A2 true WO2007093699A2 (fr) | 2007-08-23 |
WO2007093699A3 WO2007093699A3 (fr) | 2007-11-15 |
Family
ID=38198198
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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PCT/FR2007/000249 WO2007093699A2 (fr) | 2006-02-14 | 2007-02-13 | Dispositif propulseur par acceleration de particules et applications dudit dispositif |
Country Status (8)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20100251717A1 (fr) |
EP (1) | EP1989442B1 (fr) |
JP (1) | JP2009526943A (fr) |
CN (1) | CN101384820B (fr) |
CA (1) | CA2640037C (fr) |
FR (1) | FR2897398A1 (fr) |
IL (1) | IL193046A (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2007093699A2 (fr) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN108869222A (zh) * | 2018-07-02 | 2018-11-23 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | 一种射频离子推力器点火启动装置 |
Citations (6)
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EP0132065A2 (fr) * | 1983-07-13 | 1985-01-23 | The Marconi Company Limited | Propulseur électrique pour la propulsion spatiale |
US4838021A (en) * | 1987-12-11 | 1989-06-13 | Hughes Aircraft Company | Electrostatic ion thruster with improved thrust modulation |
GB2235332A (en) * | 1989-04-25 | 1991-02-27 | Haeyrinen Urpo Tapio | Collective ion accelerator propulsion engine |
US5162094A (en) * | 1991-05-03 | 1992-11-10 | Curtis Daniel L | Fusion power generating system |
GB2312709A (en) * | 1996-04-30 | 1997-11-05 | David Johnston Burns | Flying craft with magnetic field/electric arc vertical thrust producing means |
US6293090B1 (en) * | 1998-07-22 | 2001-09-25 | New England Space Works, Inc. | More efficient RF plasma electric thruster |
Family Cites Families (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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JPS58214681A (ja) * | 1982-06-07 | 1983-12-13 | Yukutada Naito | 無反動推進機関 |
US4641057A (en) * | 1985-01-23 | 1987-02-03 | Board Of Trustees Operating Michigan State University | Superconducting synchrocyclotron |
US5231073A (en) * | 1987-11-18 | 1993-07-27 | Massachusetts Institute Of Technology | Microwave/far infrared cavities and waveguides using high temperature superconductors |
JPH10504681A (ja) * | 1994-08-19 | 1998-05-06 | アマーシャム・インターナショナル・ピーエルシー | 重同位体の製造に使用する超伝導サイクロトロン及び標的 |
BE1009669A3 (fr) * | 1995-10-06 | 1997-06-03 | Ion Beam Applic Sa | Methode d'extraction de particules chargees hors d'un cyclotron isochrone et dispositif appliquant cette methode. |
US7746192B2 (en) * | 2005-06-20 | 2010-06-29 | The Texas A&M University System | Polyhedral contoured microwave cavities |
WO2007130164A2 (fr) * | 2006-01-19 | 2007-11-15 | Massachusetts Institute Of Technology | Synchrocyclotron supraconducteur à champ élevé |
-
2006
- 2006-02-14 FR FR0601274A patent/FR2897398A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
-
2007
- 2007-02-13 WO PCT/FR2007/000249 patent/WO2007093699A2/fr active Application Filing
- 2007-02-13 JP JP2008554806A patent/JP2009526943A/ja active Pending
- 2007-02-13 US US12/224,028 patent/US20100251717A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2007-02-13 CA CA2640037A patent/CA2640037C/fr active Active
- 2007-02-13 EP EP07730962.3A patent/EP1989442B1/fr active Active
- 2007-02-13 CN CN2007800055731A patent/CN101384820B/zh active Active
-
2008
- 2008-07-24 IL IL193046A patent/IL193046A/en active IP Right Grant
Patent Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0132065A2 (fr) * | 1983-07-13 | 1985-01-23 | The Marconi Company Limited | Propulseur électrique pour la propulsion spatiale |
US4838021A (en) * | 1987-12-11 | 1989-06-13 | Hughes Aircraft Company | Electrostatic ion thruster with improved thrust modulation |
GB2235332A (en) * | 1989-04-25 | 1991-02-27 | Haeyrinen Urpo Tapio | Collective ion accelerator propulsion engine |
US5162094A (en) * | 1991-05-03 | 1992-11-10 | Curtis Daniel L | Fusion power generating system |
GB2312709A (en) * | 1996-04-30 | 1997-11-05 | David Johnston Burns | Flying craft with magnetic field/electric arc vertical thrust producing means |
US6293090B1 (en) * | 1998-07-22 | 2001-09-25 | New England Space Works, Inc. | More efficient RF plasma electric thruster |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN108869222A (zh) * | 2018-07-02 | 2018-11-23 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | 一种射频离子推力器点火启动装置 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
FR2897398A1 (fr) | 2007-08-17 |
JP2009526943A (ja) | 2009-07-23 |
CN101384820B (zh) | 2012-10-03 |
US20100251717A1 (en) | 2010-10-07 |
CA2640037C (fr) | 2015-08-11 |
CN101384820A (zh) | 2009-03-11 |
IL193046A0 (en) | 2009-02-11 |
EP1989442B1 (fr) | 2017-06-14 |
WO2007093699A3 (fr) | 2007-11-15 |
EP1989442A2 (fr) | 2008-11-12 |
CA2640037A1 (fr) | 2007-08-23 |
IL193046A (en) | 2012-01-31 |
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