WO2007091680A1

WO2007091680A1 - Snow melting structure and snow melting device for roof and pent-roof

Info

Publication number: WO2007091680A1
Application number: PCT/JP2007/052373
Authority: WO
Inventors: Hitoshi Shiga; Takao Yokoyama
Original assignee: Just Thokai Co., Ltd.
Priority date: 2006-02-10
Filing date: 2007-02-09
Publication date: 2007-08-16
Also published as: JPWO2007091680A1; JP4324224B2

Abstract

A snow melting structure for a roof and a pent-roof, adapted to melt snow on a roof and a pent-roof to allow the snow to slip and fall before it becomes compacted and while it is soft. The structure can safely and uniformly remove the snow on the entire surface of the roof and the pent-roof without obstructing pedestrians and traffic and without injuring them. The snow melting structure has heat pipes disposed on the roof and the pent-roof. Each of the heat pipes (2) has header pipes (3) along which heat source pipes (5) are installed or in which they are passed and also has branch heat pipes (4) branched from the header pipes (3) and disposed generally in parallel with each other. The branch heat pipes (4) are disposed generally perpendicularly to the direction of slope of the roof (21) and the pent roof.

Description

Snow melting structure and snow melting device for roof and fence

Technical field

[0001] The present invention relates to a snow melting structure and a snow melting device for roofs and fences that melt and remove snow accumulated on fences such as roofs and straw trees.

Background art

[0002] It is well known that a large amount of snow in a cold region has a great impact on social life. For example, snow on a roof can cause a house to collapse. Need to do. Snowing is a task that depends on human power for the most part, is forced to take a lot of time and labor, and is also a dangerous task, so it becomes a big problem as the number of elderly households increases.

In addition, there are houses with a large roof slope so that the tight snow can be dropped naturally by its own weight so that it does not have to snow. However, for people and cars traveling on the road, a lump of snow falling with a strong roof is not only a hindrance to walking and running, but also a hazard that causes injury.

In order to solve such problems, a snow melting device has been proposed that melts and removes snow on the roof without removing snow!

As a conventional technique, (Patent Document 1) Tsujiko “Protrusions are provided on the roof surface with an appropriate interval to project the brackets, and a roof plate and a gap are provided on these brackets to support the heat generating body that also has heat pipe force. A roof snow melting device in which these heating elements are fixed along the roof slope on the eaves side of the roof is disclosed.

(Patent Document 2) states that “a group of heat pipes distributed and installed on a roof surface, a steam header pipe that communicates with each other to form an evaporation section, and a heat medium piped in the steam header pipe. There is disclosed a “heat pipe type snow melting device provided with a heating medium circulation pipe for supply, and a heating medium heating means and a heating medium feed means interposed in the heating medium circulation pipe”.

(Patent Document 3) discloses a “hot water melting apparatus for roofs in which a hot water pipe is provided on the back surface of the roof material and the hot water is circulated to melt the roof snow”. Patent Document 1: Japanese Patent Publication No. 2-48711

Patent Document 2: Real Fairness 3-50867

Patent Document 3: Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 6-43166

Disclosure of the invention

Problems to be solved by the invention

However, the conventional techniques described above have the following problems.

(1) In the technology disclosed in (Patent Document 1), since the heating element (3) such as a heat pipe is fixed on the eave side of the roof, the snow that is formed on the eave side portion by the snow that has accumulated on the roof. A snow cave (10) is formed in the bank where only the snow around the heating element melts and penetrates to the eaves. For this reason, the snowmelt water that accumulates at the place of the bank can flow down to the bottom of the eaves through the snow cave (10). However, the snow around the snow cave (10) cannot be melted because it is in a so-called “kamakura” snow chamber, and when heavy snow falls, more snow accumulates on the bank and the amount of snow accumulation increases. It was hardened and eventually it was necessary to carry out snowfall.

(2) In the technology disclosed in (Patent Document 2), the surrounding snow is melted by the heat pipe (3) arranged along the roof slope to form a snow cave, and the snow melt flows through the snow cave. Therefore, it is impossible to melt snow on the roof surface where heat noisy (3) and steam header (4) are separated, and when heavy snow falls, snow accumulates and the amount of snow accumulates. There was a problem that it was necessary.

(3) In the technology disclosed in (Patent Document 3), since the hot water pipe is arranged on the entire back surface of the roofing material, the path of the hot water pipe becomes long and the pipe friction resistance increases, so that the hot water circulation with a large output is performed. When a pump was required and a lot of energy was required to drive the pump, and the running cost increased, there was a problem.

(4) Further, since the path of the hot water pipe is long, the temperature of the hot water on the downstream side of the hot water pipe decreases, and snow melting cannot be performed in the vicinity of the downstream side.

(5) In the technologies disclosed in (Patent Document 1) to (Patent Document 3), only the temperature around the heat pipe increases, or a temperature difference occurs between the upstream side and the downstream side of the hot water pipe. When temperature spots occur on the surface and there is a large amount of snow falling over several tens of centimeters overnight. When he was unable to melt snow, he had a problem.

[0004] The present invention solves the above-described conventional problems, and can melt and slide down roofs and repulsive forces in a soft state before tightening, which may hinder walking or running, injury, etc. The object is to provide a snow melting structure for roofs and reeds that can remove snow on the entire surface safely and without spotting, and has excellent snow removal performance.

It is another object of the present invention to provide a snow melting device that can remove temperature spots and snow on the installation surface without any spots and has excellent energy saving and low running cost.

Means for solving the problem

[0005] In order to solve the above-described conventional problems, the snow melting structure and the snow melting apparatus for roofs and fences of the present invention have the following configurations.

The snow melting structure of a roof or a fence according to claim 1 of the present invention is a snow melting structure of a roof or a fence provided with a heat nove arranged on the roof or the fence, and the heat pipe is additionally provided with a heat source pipe or And a plurality of substantially parallel heat pipe branch pipes branched from the header pipe force, wherein the heat pipe branch pipes are substantially perpendicular to the gradient direction of the roof or fence. It is arranged and has a structure.

With this configuration, the following effects can be obtained.

(1) Since a heat pipe having a header pipe and a plurality of heat pipe branch pipes branched from the header pipe is arranged, if a heat medium is passed through the heat source pipe to transfer heat to the header pipe, the header pipe The working fluid inside evaporates and absorbs a large amount of latent heat of evaporation from the heat source tube. The evaporated vapor is condensed in each of the heat pipe branch pipes and releases heat of condensation. Due to the pressure gradient of the steam generated between the header pipe and each of the heat pipe branch pipes, heat is transferred to each heat pipe branch pipe branched into the header pipe force in a short time, so the header pipe and the heat pipe branch pipe The temperature difference with can be almost eliminated.

(2) Since a plurality of heat pipe branch pipes arranged substantially in parallel are arranged substantially perpendicular to the slope direction of the roof or fence, first, the top of the heat pipe branch pipe and the header pipe having a high temperature are arranged. The snow piled up on the roof is melted and the melted water flows along the roof along the roof slope. Therefore, the lower surface of the snow piled on the roof between the heat pipe branches is melted by the melted water. He Since the roof snow on the top pipe branch pipe and header pipe melts quickly, the roof snow is divided into a plurality of rectangular blocks cut out by the heat pipe branch pipe and header pipe. And, the tensile force that supported the roof snow against the gravity was cut off, and each block became free, and each of them began to slide and slide down, so that the roof snow can be removed. The snow that falls on the roof is immediately melted and divided into blocks and slides down from the roof before it is compacted, so the snow that falls also has a softness that is not much different from normal snowfall. Therefore, it does not hinder people from walking or driving, and there is no risk of injury to people.

(3) Since the header pipes are branched so that multiple heat pipe branch pipes cover the installation surface of the roof and fence, the area of the roof and fence can be increased even if the header pipe length is short. The heater pipe can be heated, so the header pipe can be shortened. For this reason, the length of the heat source pipe penetrating or attached to the header pipe can be shortened, the path of the heat source pipe arranged on the roof is shortened, and the pipe friction resistance is reduced. Since it requires only a small output, driving the pump requires little energy and can reduce running costs.

Here, as the heat pipe, a header pipe is provided on one side of a plurality of heat pipe branch pipes arranged substantially in parallel, and a heat pipe branch pipe is provided on the left and right with the header portion as the center. It is possible to use a heat pipe branch pipe provided with header pipes on both sides.

A wick having a predetermined thickness or depth can be provided on all or part of the inner wall of the header pipe or the heat pipe branch pipe. As the wick, sintered metal, wire mesh, metal fiber, glass fiber, and many thin grooves are used. By providing a wick, even when the header pipe is positioned higher than the heat pipe branch pipe, the working fluid condensed in the heat pipe branch pipe can be returned to the header pipe using the capillary phenomenon to evaporate. Can be prevented from occurring.

[0007] The header pipe and the heat pipe branch pipe have a substantially rectangular cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the header pipe and the heat pipe branch pipe so that the upper surface is flattened in order to increase the heat transfer area to the roof surface. It is preferably formed in a substantially rectangular shape, a substantially triangular shape, a substantially oval shape, or a substantially semicircular shape. If a header pipe or heat pipe branch pipe with a substantially circular cross section is used, a flat plate is fixed to the upper surface by welding or the like. If this is the case, the heat transfer area to the roof surface can be expanded in the same way as when using a header pipe or heat pipe branch pipe with a flat top surface.

[0008] The material of the header pipe and the heat pipe branch pipe is made of copper, stainless steel, aluminum, magnesium, titanium, or other metal.

HCFC—141b and 142b HCFC solvents, HFC134a, etc.—freeze up to around 30 ° C in the heat pipe! RU

[0009] As the material of the heat source pipe, copper, stainless steel, aluminum, magnesium, titanium, or other metal is used.

Well water, hot spring water, groundwater, etc. that are heated by geothermal heat and maintained at a constant temperature throughout the year can be used as the heat medium that is introduced into the heat source pipe and heats the header pipe. In addition, river water, wastewater from factories and households can be used. In addition, antifreeze liquid heated by geothermal heat or drainage can be used. By introducing a heat medium that uses waste heat such as underground heat or wastewater into the heat source pipe, a heat source such as a boiler that heats the heat medium becomes unnecessary, so the running cost can be reduced. .

The heat source pipe is penetrated or attached to the header pipe, but is preferably penetrated. When the heat source pipe is inserted through the header pipe, the heat of the heat medium is transferred to the working fluid of the heat pipe through the wall surface of the heat source pipe, but when the heat source pipe is added to the header pipe, the heat source pipe This is because heat is transferred to the working fluid of the heat pipe through the wall surface and the wall surface of the header pipe, resulting in loss.

[0010] The heat pipe branch pipes are arranged so as to intersect at an angle of 60 to 90 °, preferably 70 to 90 ° with respect to the gradient direction of the roof, substantially perpendicular to the gradient direction of the roof or fence. As the placement angle decreases by 70 °, the snow melt from the snow on the heat pipe branch becomes easier to flow along the heat pipe along the heat pipe, and only the snow around the heat pipe branch melts. A snow cave that penetrates to the eaves is formed, and the snow surrounding the snow cave tends to remain on the roof, and the snow accumulates one after another to be compacted. When the angle is smaller than 60 °, this tendency becomes remarkable, which is not preferable.

[0011] The invention according to claim 2 of the present invention is the snow melting structure of the roof or the fence according to claim 1, wherein both ends of each of the heat pipe branch pipes are arranged with a space therebetween. To two of the above It has a configuration communicating with each of the pipe tubes.

With this configuration, in addition to the operation obtained in claim 1, the following operation can be obtained. (1) Since both ends of each of the heat pipe branch pipes communicate with each of the two header pipes, when a heat medium is passed through the heat source pipe of the header pipe to transfer heat to the header pipe, Heat is released by the transfer of latent heat that accompanies the evaporation of the working fluid and the condensation in the heat pipe branch pipe, but this heat transfer is performed in each of the two header pipes, further reducing the temperature spots on the heat pipe. It can be eliminated, and the snow facing the roof surface can be melted even further.

[0012] The invention according to claim 3 of the present invention is the snow melting structure of the roof or fence according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a cross section perpendicular to a longitudinal direction of the header pipe and the heat pipe branch pipe is provided. The upper surface is formed in any one of a substantially rectangular shape, a substantially rectangular shape, a substantially triangular shape, a substantially oval shape, and a substantially semicircular shape, and the upper surface is flat and wide.

With this configuration, in addition to the effects obtained in claim 1 or 2, the following actions can be obtained.

(1) The header pipe and the heat pipe branch pipe have a substantially rectangular cross section, a substantially square shape, a substantially triangular shape, a substantially oval shape, or a substantially semicircular cross section, and a flat upper surface (heat transfer surface). Therefore, the heat transfer surface between the header pipe and the far-infrared radiation plate of the heat pipe branch pipe can be increased, and the heat transfer efficiency with the roof surface can be increased.

[0013] Here, if the cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the header pipe and the heat pipe branch pipe is made into a substantially rectangular shape or a substantially rectangular shape, the four outer surfaces of the header pipe and the heat pipe branch pipe can be flattened. Therefore, when a heat dispersion member made of aluminum or the like that transmits heat from the heat pipe is fitted between the heat pipe branch pipes, the side surface of the heat distribution member and the side wall of the heat pipe branch pipe are brought into contact with each other. The area can be increased, and the efficiency of heat exchange with the heat dispersion member can be increased. In addition, since the bottom surface of the header pipe and the heat pipe branch pipe is also formed flat, it can be stably installed on a roof surface board, a field road board, a roof tile, etc., and is excellent in workability.

[0014] The invention according to claim 4 of the present invention is the snow melting structure of a roof or a fence according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein an upper surface of the heat pipe branch pipe and the header pipe is provided. It has a configuration that includes a heat dispersion member formed between the heat pipe branch pipes and formed to be flush with or slightly lower than the upper surface! / Speak. With this configuration, in addition to the action obtained in any one of claims 1 to 3, the following action can be obtained.

(1) The upper surface is formed to be flush with or slightly lower than the upper surfaces of the heat pipe branch pipe and the header pipe, and the heat dispersion member is disposed between the heat pipe branch pipes. Heat can be reliably transferred to the roof surface over the entire upper surface of the heat distribution member via the header pipe.

(2) The side surface of the heat dissipating member and the side wall of the heat pipe branch pipe or header pipe can be brought into contact with each other to transfer heat from the heat pipe to the heat dissipating member so that the heat radiation area can be widened and the temperature unevenness on the roof surface is reduced. It can be done.

(3) Since the upper surface of the heat pipe branch pipe and header pipe and the upper surface of the heat dissipating member are substantially flush, the heat pipe and the heat dissipating member can be handled like a planar panel. Since the root surface can be supported by the entire surface of the heat pipe and the heat dispersion member, it is possible to prevent the roof surface from being deformed or cracked by the weight of snow.

[0015] Here, as the heat dispersion member, a member made of copper, stainless steel, aluminum, magnesium, titanium or other metal, mortar, concrete or other inorganic material is used. In particular, those made of metal such as copper, stainless steel, aluminum, magnesium, titanium, etc. are suitable because of their high thermal conductivity.

[0016] The heat dissipating member is formed so that the upper surface thereof is flush or slightly lower than the upper surfaces of the heat pipe branch pipe and the header pipe. The difference from the height of the upper surface of the header pipe is preferably 0 to 1 mm, preferably 0 to 0.5 mm. As the height difference becomes larger than 0.5 mm, the roof surface is deformed at the edge of the heat pipe branch pipe or header pipe due to the weight of the snow due to the step between the heat pipe branch pipe and header pipe and the heat dispersion member. There is a tendency for holes to easily open. Since this tendency becomes remarkable when it is larger than 1 mm, it is not particularly preferable.

[0017] A snow melting device according to claim 5 of the present invention is the snow melting device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the snow melting device is used in a snow melting structure of a roof or a fence, wherein the heat pipe and the heat source are used. And a loop pipe that circulates the antifreeze collected from the hole formed in the ground connected to the pipe. With this configuration, the following effects can be obtained.

(1) The antifreeze is heated to about 13 ° C with geothermal heat at a stable temperature of about 15-17 ° C throughout the year, and this antifreeze is circulated through the heat source pipe. It can be heated to about C and used for melting snow, and it does not require special energy to heat the antifreeze liquid of the heat medium and is safe and energy-saving.

(2) Even when the pump that circulates the antifreeze liquid stops, it is possible to prevent the antifreeze liquid from freezing inside the heat source pipe or the like.

[0018] Here, various underground heat collecting elements can be used to collect heat from the hole formed in the ground. For example, the casing filled in about 10 to 50m underground is filled with the heat medium. It is possible to use a borehole in which a pipe is disposed, a ground heat exchanger formed of a spiral pipe or the like. Boreholes can be either double tube type or U tube type.

A pipe in the borehole or underground heat exchange and a heat source pipe are connected by a transport pipe covered with a heat insulating material to form a loop pipe. Make sure that antifreeze does not break up in the boreholes, underground heat exchanger pipes, transport pipes, and loop pipes in the heat source pipes. As a result, if a simple pump is installed in the loop piping, the antifreeze can be easily raised to the roof with a small lift.

[0019] An antifreeze such as ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, or aqueous potassium acetate solution is circulated in the heat source pipe as a heat medium.

[0020] The invention according to claim 6 of the present invention is the snow melting device according to claim 5, having a configuration in which a closed expansion tank is connected to the loop pipe.

With this configuration, in addition to the operation obtained in claim 5, the following operation can be obtained. (1) Since the expansion tank absorbs the volume change caused by the thermal expansion and contraction of the antifreeze liquid filled in the loop pipe, the loop pipe is filled with the antifreeze liquid. Can be raised to the roof.

The invention's effect

[0021] As described above, according to the snow melting structure and the snow melting apparatus of the roof and the fence of the present invention, the following advantageous effects can be obtained. According to the invention of claim 1,

(1) If there is a slight temperature difference, the header pipe power can carry a large amount of heat to the heat pipe branch pipe in a short time, and the temperature difference between the header pipe and the heat pipe branch pipe can be made almost zero. In addition, it is possible to provide a snow melting structure of a roof or a kite that hardly causes temperature spots.

(2) Snow that falls on the roof, etc. is immediately melted by the heat of the heat pipe branch pipe and header pipe and divided into blocks, and then slides down from the roof in a soft state before compaction. Therefore, it is possible to provide a snow melting structure for roofs and reeds that is remarkably excellent in snow removal performance that can safely slide down and remove snow without hindering walking or running or causing injury. .

(3) Header pipe force Since multiple heat pipe branch pipes are branched, the length of the heat source pipe penetrating or attached to the header pipe can be shortened, and the heat source pipe installed on the roof can be shortened. Since the path is shortened and the pipe friction resistance is reduced, the pump that sends the heat medium needs only a small output, and the pump needs little energy to provide a roof and snow melting structure with low running cost. Can do.

[0022] According to the invention of claim 2, in addition to the effect of claim 1,

(1) It is possible to provide a heat melting structure of a roof or a fence with less snow melting spots that can further reduce the temperature spots of the heat pipe and can melt the snow facing the roof without any spots.

[0023] According to the invention of claim 3, in addition to the effect of claim 1 or 2,

(1) The heat transfer area can be increased, and a snow melting structure for roofs and fences with excellent heat exchange efficiency can be provided.

(2) It is possible to provide a snow melting structure for roofs and roofs that can be stably installed on roof panels, field road boards, roof tiles, etc., and has excellent workability.

[0024] According to the invention of claim 4, the effect of any one of claims 1 to 3 is reduced.

(1) Heat pipe branch pipe and header pipe force Heat can be reliably transferred to the roof surface, and a snow melting structure of a roof or a fence with few snow spots can be provided.

(2) The side surface of the heat distribution member and the side wall of the heat pipe branch pipe or header pipe can be brought into contact with each other to increase the heat radiation area, to reduce the temperature spot on the roof surface, and to reduce the snow melting spot. A snow melting structure of roots and ridges can be provided. (3) The heat pipe and heat dissipating member can be handled like a planar panel, and the roof surface can be supported by the entire surface of the heat pipe and heat dissipating member. It is possible to provide a snow melting structure of a roof and a kite that is prevented from being easily opened and has excellent durability.

[0025] According to the invention of claim 5,

(1) It is possible to provide a snow melting device that does not require special energy for heating a heat medium and is safe and excellent in energy saving.

(2) Even in the unlikely event that the pump that circulates antifreeze liquid stops, the antifreeze liquid can be prevented from freezing inside the heat source pipe, etc., and if the antifreeze liquid is recirculated, snow melting will resume immediately. It is possible to provide a snow melting device with excellent maintainability.

[0026] According to the invention of claim 6, in addition to the effect of claim 5,

(1) Since the expansion tank absorbs the volume change caused by the thermal expansion and contraction of the antifreeze liquid filled in the loop pipe, the loop pipe is filled with the antifreeze liquid. It is possible to provide a snow melting device that can raise the roof to the roof.

Brief Description of Drawings

[0027] FIG. 1 is a partially broken perspective view showing a snow melting structure in which the snow melting apparatus in the first embodiment is installed on the roof of a house.

FIG. 2 is a plan view of a heat pipe of the snow melting device in Embodiment 1.

[Fig. 3] Cross-sectional view of the main part of the snow melting structure of the roof obtained by vertically cutting the roof on which the snow melting device in Embodiment 1 is installed

[Fig.4] Cross-sectional end view of main part along line A-A in Fig.3

[FIG. 5] (a) Schematic perspective view of a heat dispersion member according to a modification.

[Fig. 6] Plan view of heat pipe of snow melting device in embodiment 2.

FIG. 7 is a plan view of a heat pipe of the snow melting device in Embodiment 3.

[FIG. 8] A snow melting structure in which the heat pipe of the snow melting device in the fourth embodiment is installed on the roof of a house. Schematic perspective view showing a state in which the roofing material is removed.

1 Snow melting equipment

2, 2a, 2c, 2d heat noop

3, 3a, 3b header tube

4 Heat pipe branch pipe

5 Heat source tube

6 Connection pipe

7 Fitting

8 Connecting pipe

10 Boa Honoré

11 Casing

12 pipes

13 Transport pipe

14 Pump

15 branch pipe

16 Expansion tank

20, 20a house

21 Roof

22 rafters

23 Noji board

24 Hiro Komai

26 Base material

27 Nose cover

28, 28a Heat dispersion member

28b insulation

29 Roofing material

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Hereinafter, the best mode for carrying out the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. (Embodiment 1)

Fig. 1 is a partially broken perspective view showing a snow melting structure of a roof in which the snow melting device in the first embodiment is installed on the roof of a house, and Fig. 2 is a plan view of a heat pipe of the snow melting device in the first embodiment. Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the main part of the snow melting structure of the roof obtained by cutting the roof on which the snow melting device in Embodiment 1 is installed in the vertical direction. FIG. 5 (a) is a schematic perspective view of a modified example of the heat dissipating member, and FIG. 5 (b) is a cross-sectional view of the main part of the heat dissipating member of the modified example.

In FIG. 1, 1 is a snow melting device in the first embodiment installed on a gable roof 21 of a house 20, and 2 is a plurality of snow melting devices arranged in parallel on the entire surface of a roof 21 having a slope. , 5 is a heat source pipe to be described later, 6 is a connection pipe to be described later for connecting the heat source pipes 5 and 5, 7 is a joint connected to the heat source pipes 5 and 5 of the heat pipes 2 and 2, and 8 Is a connecting pipe connecting the heat source pipes 5 and 5 of the heat pipes 2 and 2 connected to the joint 7 in parallel.

10 is the borehole of the underground heat collecting element formed in the ground, 11 is a casing driven to a depth of about 10-50m underground, 12 is a double pipe or U-shaped pipe installed in the casing, etc. The pipe 13 is covered with a heat insulating material (not shown) and connects the pipe 12 and the heat source pipes 5 and 5 to form a loop pipe, and 14 is a pump arranged in the transport pipe 13 forming a loop pipe. 15 is a branch pipe branched from the transport pipe 13, and 16 is a closed expansion tank in which the lower part is connected to the branch pipe 15 and not shown! /, And a heat medium is accommodated on the branch pipe 15 side by a diaphragm or the like. . Heat source pipe 5, connecting pipe 6, connecting pipe 8, nozzle 12 in bore hole 10, transport pipe 13, pump 14 in antifreeze heat medium (antifreeze) such as ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, potassium acetate aqueous solution However, the heat source pipe 5, the connection pipe 6, the connection pipe 8, the pipe 12, the transport pipe 13, and the pump 14 are expanded. Is buffered with the heat medium in the expansion tank 16.

[0030] In FIG. 2, 2 is a heat pipe in which antifreezing working fluid that does not freeze up to around 30 ° C is enclosed, and 3 and 3 are two header pipes arranged in parallel, 4 Is a plurality of heat pipe branch pipes whose both ends communicate with each of the two header pipes 3 and 3 and are arranged substantially in parallel. In the present embodiment, a section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the header pipe 3 and the heat pipe branch pipe 4 is used. Surface force It is formed in the same size of a rectangular shape.

Reference numeral 5 denotes a heat source pipe penetrating along the longitudinal direction of the header pipe 3, and both end portions of the header pipe 3 are sealed with outer peripheral walls at both ends of the heat source pipe 5. 6 is a connecting pipe that connects between the ends of the heat source pipes 5 and 5.

In the present embodiment, the heat pipe 2 is arranged such that the header pipe 3 is arranged along the gradient direction of the roof 21 and the heat pipe branch pipe 4 is arranged substantially orthogonal to the gradient direction of the roof 21. The heat pipe branch pipe 4 can be arranged so that the angle with respect to the gradient direction of the roof 21 is in the range of 60 to 90 °, preferably 70 to 90 °. As a result, the melted water melted by the heat from the heat pipe branch 4 flows in a plane on the roof material 29, so that only the snow around the heat pipe branch 4 melts and penetrates to the eaves as before. It is possible to prevent a snow cave from being formed, and the snow around the snow cave from remaining on the roof and compacted, making it impossible to remove the snow.

In addition, the heat medium heated in the bore hole 10 is also introduced into the eaves side force of the heat source pipe 5 of the heat pipe 2 installed on the roof 21 through the transport pipe 13, and goes up the roof 21 through the connecting pipe 6. Down from the ridge side of the opposite heat source pipe 5, through the joint 7, the connecting pipe 8, enter from the ridge side of the heat source pipe 5 of the adjacent heat pipe 2, up the roof 21, and through the connecting pipe 6, the opposite heat source pipe It descends from the 5th building side and returns to the borehole 10 through the transport pipe 13.

3 and 4, 22 is a rafter of the roof 21, 23 is a field board installed on the rafter 22, 24 is an eavespiece mounted on the rafter 22, 26 is a plywood, made of aluminum The base material on which the heat pipe 2 is placed on the upper surface of the Noji board 23 formed on the upper surface of the Noji board 23, 27 is the nasal cover placed on the end face of the eaves of the rafter 22, Hirokomai 24, 28 The heat pipe branch pipes 4, 4 and the header pipes 3, 3 are made of a heat conductive plate such as aluminum so that the upper surface is flush with or slightly lower than the upper surfaces of the heat pipe branch pipe 4 and the header pipe 3. Heat dissipating member fitted between the heat pipe branch pipes 4, 4 and header pipes 3, 3 heat transfer, 29 is made of steel, cladding steel, alloy steel such as stainless steel, molten aluminum 'zinc Alloy-plated steel plate (galvalume steel plate), painted plate material, etc. It is a roofing material laid on the upper surface of material 28.

In Fig. 5, 28a is made of a metal such as aluminum, and is a thin-walled box with one side open. The heat dispersion member 28b is formed of an inorganic fiber such as glass wool or rock wool, a synthetic resin such as urethane foam or expanded polystyrene, or a fiber such as a wood fiber, or the like. It is the heat insulating material fitted by the part. The heat dissipating member 28a can be arranged in place of the heat dissipating member 28 with the opening fitted with the heat insulating material 28b on the base material 26 side and the flat surface on the roof material 29 side. The heat dissipating member 28a of the modified example is formed in a thin box shape so that it can be made light in weight, and since the heat insulating material 28b is fitted in the opening, heat radiation to the base material 26 side is reduced. Can reduce heat loss. A method of using the snow melting structure and the snow melting device in Embodiment 1 of the present invention configured as described above will be described below.

The heat medium in the pipe 12 of the borehole 10 is heated to about 13 ° C by underground heat of about 15-17 ° C. The heating medium (antifreeze) in the heated pipe 12 is driven by the pump 14 installed in the transport pipe 13 and the building of the heat source pipe 5 of the heat pipe 2 installed on the roof 21 from the transport pipe 13 Introduce to the side. The heat medium is introduced from the eaves side of the heat source pipe 5, goes down the roof 21 through the upstream connecting pipe 6 and descends from the opposite side of the heat source pipe 5 and passes through the joint 7 and the connecting pipe 8 to the adjacent heat pipe 2 Also enters the ridge side force of the heat source pipe 5 and goes up the roof 21, passes through the connecting pipe 6 and descends from the opposite side of the heat source pipe 5 and returns to the pipe 12 of the bore hole 10 through the transport pipe 13 and inside the loop pipe Circulate. The condensed working fluid in the heat pipe 2 is easy to flow down to the eave side of the header pipe 3 due to gravity. Therefore, by first heating the eave side of one header pipe 3 with the heat medium, the heat possessed by the heat medium is reduced. The working fluid in the header pipe 3 is given to one header pipe 3 and evaporates by force toward the heat pipe branch pipe 4 and the other header pipe 3. The working fluid vapor diffuses and condenses in the heat pipe branch pipe 4 to release condensation heat, and dissipates heat to the heat dispersion member 28 and the roof material 29 through the wall of the heat pipe branch pipe 4. The heat medium that has flowed through the heat source pipe 5 of one header pipe 3 then enters the ridge side force into the heat source pipe 5 of the other header pipe 3 and evaporates the working fluid in the other header pipe 3. By repeating this, the working fluid condensed by heat exchange is returned to the header pipe 3, and the roof material 29 dissipates heat to the snow accumulated on the surface and melts. In snow melting, the snow on the roof material 29 on the heat pipe branch pipe 4 and header pipe 3 having a high temperature is first melted, and the snow melt flows on the surface of the roof material 29 along the roof slope. The bottom surface of the snow piled on the roofing material 29 surrounded by the branch pipes 4 and 4 and the header pipes 3 and 3 is snowmelt water. It is melted by. Since the roof snow on the heat pipe branch pipe 4 and header pipe 3 melts quickly, the roof snow is divided into a plurality of rectangular blocks cut out by the heat pipe branch pipe 4, 4 and header pipe 3, 3. Is done. Then, the tensile force that supported the roof snow against the gravity at the upper part is cut off, each block becomes free, and each slides out and slides down, so the roof snow can be removed.

As described above, since the snow melting structure of the roof according to the first embodiment of the present invention is configured, the following operation is obtained.

(1) Both ends of the heat pipe branch pipe 4 communicate with each of the two header pipes 3 and 3 arranged substantially in parallel, and the heat medium is transferred from the heat source pipe 5 of one header pipe 3 to the other. Since the working fluid in both header pipes 3 evaporates when flowing through the heat source pipe 5 of the header pipe 3, the heat generated by the evaporation of the working fluid in the header pipes and the transfer of latent heat accompanying condensation in the heat pipe branch pipes Is discharged in each of the two header pipes 3 and 3, the temperature spots of the heat pipe 2 can be reduced, and the snow facing the roof material 29 can be melted without spots.

(2) The snow that has fallen on the roof material 29 is immediately melted by the heat of the heat pipe branch pipe 4 and the header pipe 3 and divided into blocks, and from the roof 21 in a soft state before being compacted Because it slides down, the roof snow can be safely slid down and removed without causing injuries to pedestrians who have hindered human walking and vehicle travel.

(3) Since the header pipe 3 and the heat pipe branch pipe 4 have a rectangular cross section, the four surfaces of the outer periphery of the header pipe 3 and the heat pipe branch pipe 4 can be flattened. The heat transfer area can be increased. In addition, a heat dispersion member 28 made of aluminum or the like is fitted between the heat nove branch pipes 4, and the side surfaces of the heat dispersion member 28 and the side walls of the heat pipe branch pipe 4 and the header pipe 3 are in surface contact. As a result, the contact area can be increased and the heat exchange efficiency can be increased. In addition, since the bottom surfaces of the header pipe 3 and the heat pipe branch pipe 4 are formed flat, the header pipe 3 and the heat pipe branch pipe 4 can be stably installed on the base material 26 and have excellent workability.

(4) A heat distribution member disposed between the heat pipe branch pipes 4 and 4 and the header pipes 3 and 3 so that the upper surface is flush with or slightly lower than the upper surfaces of the heat pipe branch pipe 4 and the header pipe 3 Therefore, heat can be reliably transferred from the heat pipe branch pipe 4 and the header pipe 3 to the roofing material 29. (5) The side surface of the heat distribution member 28 and the side wall of the heat pipe branch pipe 4 or header pipe 3 are brought into contact with each other to transfer the heat of the heat pipe branch pipe 4 or header pipe 3 to the heat distribution member 28 to widen the heat radiation area. And the temperature spots on the roofing material 29 can be reduced.

(6) Since the upper surface of the heat pipe branch pipe 4 and header pipe 3 and the upper surface of the heat dissipating member 28 are formed substantially flush with each other, the roofing material 29 can be supported on the entire surface of the heat pipe 2 and the heat dissipating member 28. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the roof material 29 from being deformed by the weight of snow. In addition, the weight of the snow accumulated on the roofing material 29 causes the roofing material 29 to come into close contact with the heat pipe branch pipe 4, the header pipe 3, and the heat dispersion member 28, improving heat transfer and reliably melting the snow. be able to.

(7) Because it is heated by the heat pipe branch pipe 4 and the header pipe 3 at the tip of the eaves of the roof material 29, it is possible to prevent the formation of ice pillars.

Further, according to the snow melting device in the first embodiment of the present invention, the following operation is obtained.

(1) Since both ends of the heat pipe branch pipe 4 communicate with each of the two header pipes 3 and 3 arranged substantially in parallel, evaporation of the working fluid in the header pipe and the heat pipe branch pipe The heat is released by the transfer of latent heat accompanying the condensation of heat in each of the two header pipes 3 and 3, so that the temperature spots on the heat pipe 2 can be reduced and snow can be melted on the installation surface without spots.

(2) Since the heat medium is heated in the borehole 10 using geothermal heat and this heat medium is circulated, the heat pipe 2 and the roofing material 29 can be heated to about 2 ° C and used for melting snow. It does not require special energy to heat the heat medium, and is safe and excellent in energy saving.

(3) Heat source pipe 5, connecting pipe 6, pipe in bore hole 10, pipe 12, transport pipe 13, pump 14 are filled so that the antifreeze heat medium will not break, so a simple pump With a small driving force of 14, the heat medium in the loop pipe can be raised from the borehole 10 to the roof 21 and is excellent in energy saving.

(4) Since the expansion tank 16 is connected to the branch pipe 15 branched from the transport pipe 13, the heat source pipe 5, the connection pipe 6, the connection pipe 8, the pipe 12, the transport pipe 13, and the pump 14 are filled. The volume change due to expansion and contraction of the heat medium is buffered by the heat medium in the expansion tank 16, and the heat medium is interrupted in the heat source pipe 5, connection pipe 6, connection pipe 8, pipe 12, transport pipe 13, and pump 14. It can be filled so that nothing happens. Here, in the present embodiment, the case where the heat pipe 2 is installed on the newly installed roof 21 has been described, but the heat pipe 2 may be installed on a roof such as an existing steel sheet roof. In this case, the base material 26 can be placed on the surface of a roofing material such as a steel plate, and the heat pipe 2 can be installed as in the present embodiment. If tiles are formed along the roof slope direction, place a spacer with the same height as the tiles on or between the tiles. The base material 26 is installed between the spacer and the spacer, and the heat pipe 2 is installed as in the present embodiment. In some cases, the base material 26 is installed directly on the roof bar, and the heat nove 2 is installed thereon.

In addition, although the case where the heat dispersion member 28 is separately installed on the base material 26 has been described, the base material 26 and the heat dispersion member 28 are integrally formed of metal such as aluminum or concrete, and are integrally formed. In some cases, the header pipe 3 and the heat pipe branch pipe 4 of the heat pipe 2 are fitted into the hollow. As a result, the workability can be improved. In addition, the roof surface of the roof 21 is provided with protrusions that prevent the melted roof snow from sliding down, and the amount of roof snow to be melted on the roof 21 is thereby reduced. You can do more.

It is also possible to heat the antifreeze flowing in the loop piping by using the remaining heat from the bath and the waste heat from the factory and household. In this case, a jacket is provided in the transport pipe 13 downstream of the pump 14, and the wastewater is introduced into the jacket, and heat is exchanged between the wastewater in the jacket and the antifreeze liquid through the pipe wall of the transport pipe 13. Warm the antifreeze with exhaust heat. As a result, the temperature of the antifreeze can be raised temporarily, and the roof snow can be melted by the exhaust heat, so that the exhaust heat can be effectively used.

[0036] (Embodiment 2)

FIG. 6 is a plan view of a heat pipe of the snow melting device in the second embodiment. Note that the same components as those in Embodiment 1 are denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof is omitted.

In the figure, 2a is a heat pipe of the snow melting device in the second embodiment, 4a is a plurality of heat pipe branch pipes having one end communicating with the header pipe 3 and arranged substantially in parallel, and 5a is attached in the longitudinal direction of the header pipe 3. It is a heat source pipe that is provided and formed to have substantially the same thickness as the header pipe 3.

The heat pipe 2a of the snow melting device in the second embodiment configured as described above has a head. The da pipe 3 is arranged along the gradient direction of the roof 21, and the heat pipe branch pipe 4 a is arranged so as to be substantially orthogonal to the gradient direction of the roof 21, and is constructed in the same manner as in the first embodiment.

[0037] As described above, since the heat pipe of the snow melting device in the second embodiment of the present invention is configured, the following operation is obtained in addition to the operation described in the first embodiment.

(1) Since one end of the heat pipe branch pipe 4a communicates with one header pipe 3 and can be compacted, the circulation path of the heat medium can be simplified when the roof 21 is small, etc. Can be increased.

(2) Since the heat source pipe 5a formed to have substantially the same thickness as the header pipe 3 is provided, the heat medium and the roof material 29 can be directly exchanged heat through the pipe wall of the heat source pipe 5a, and the snow melting efficiency Can be raised.

[0038] (Embodiment 3)

FIG. 7 is a plan view of the heat pipe of the snow melting device in the third embodiment. Note that the same components as those in Embodiment 1 are denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof is omitted.

In the figure, 2b is a heat pipe of the snow melting device in Embodiment 3, 4b is a plurality of heat pipe branch pipes with one end communicating with the header pipe 3 and arranged substantially in parallel, and 4c is the other end of the heat pipe branch pipe 4b. It is a pressure equalizing pipe communicating with the.

In the heat pipe 2b of the snow melting apparatus in Embodiment 3 configured as described above, the header pipe 3 is arranged along the gradient direction of the roof 21, and the heat pipe branch pipe 4b is arranged in the gradient direction of the roof 21. Arranged so as to be substantially orthogonal, and constructed in the same manner as in the first embodiment.

[0039] As described above, since the heat pipe of the snow melting device in the third embodiment of the present invention is configured, the following operation is obtained in addition to the operation described in the first embodiment.

(1) Since one end of the heat pipe branch pipe 4b communicates with one header pipe 3 and can be compacted, the circulation path of the heat medium can be simplified when the roof 21 is small, etc. Can be increased.

(2) Since the pressure equalizing pipe 4c communicates with the other end of the heat pipe branch pipe 4b, the pressure in the heat pipe branch pipe 4b can be made uniform and temperature spots can be reduced.

[0040] (Embodiment 4)

Figure 8 shows snow melting with the heat pipe of the snow melting device in the fourth embodiment installed on the roof of a house. It is a model perspective view which shows the state except the roof material of the structure. Note that components similar to those described in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof is omitted.

In the figure, 2c is the heat pipe of the snow-melting device in Embodiment 4 placed on the roof of the ridge-type house 20a, and 3a and 3a are squeezed inward for a while, and the interval is temporarily A narrowed header tube.

2d is the heat pipe of the snow melting device of the modified example in Embodiment 4 arranged on the roof of the house 20a, and 3b and 3b are header pipes that are squeezed to the inside for a while and the interval is temporarily narrowed for a while. It is. The header pipes 3a and 3a of the heat pipe 2a and the header pipes 3b and 3b of the heat pipe 2b are connected to a plurality of heat pipe branch pipes 4 arranged substantially in parallel at both ends, and the heat pipe branch pipe 4 Is substantially orthogonal to the slope direction of the roof, and is arranged so as to intersect with the slope direction of the roof 21 at an angle of 60 to 90 °, preferably 70 to 90 °.

As described above, since the heat pipe of the snow melting device in the fourth embodiment is configured, it can be arranged freely on the entire surface of the roof according to the shape of the roof, and the snow on the entire surface of the roof is melted and removed. can do.

[0041] Although the snow melting structure of the roof has been described in the first to fourth embodiments, similarly, by installing the snow melting device described in the first to fourth embodiments on a fence such as a straw tree, Snow melting structure can be provided.

Industrial applicability

[0042] The present invention relates to a snow melting structure and a snow melting apparatus for roofs and fences that melt and remove snow accumulated on fences such as roofs and firewood, etc., and melts in a soft state before being compacted. The roof can be slid down from the roof or fence, and it can safely remove the entire roof without any hindrance or injury, etc. It is possible to provide a snow melting structure of snow and snow, and to provide a snow melting device that has small temperature spots and can remove snow on the installation surface without any spots and has excellent energy saving and low running cost.

Claims

The scope of the claims

[1] A snow melting structure of a roof or fence with heat pipes arranged on the roof or fence,

The heat pipe has a header pipe to which a heat source pipe is attached or penetrated, and a plurality of substantially parallel heat pipe branch pipes branched from the header pipe, and the heat pipe branch pipe A snow melting structure for roofs and fences, which is arranged substantially perpendicular to the slope direction of the roofs and fences.

[2] The heat pipe branch pipe according to claim 1, wherein both end portions of each of the heat pipe branch pipes communicate with each of the two header pipes arranged at intervals. Snow melting structure of roofs and fences

[3] The top surface of the header pipe and the heat pipe branch pipe perpendicular to the longitudinal direction is formed in any one of a substantially rectangular shape, a substantially rectangular shape, a substantially triangular shape, a substantially oval shape, and a substantially semicircular shape. The snow melting structure of a roof or a fence according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that is flat and wide.

[4] The upper surface is formed to be flush with or slightly lower than the upper surfaces of the heat pipe branch pipe and the header pipe, and includes a heat distribution member disposed between the heat pipe branch pipes. The snow melting structure of a roof or a kite according to claim 1, wherein:

[5] A snow melting device used in the snow melting structure of a roof or a kite according to any one of claims 1 to 4, from the heat pipe and a hole formed in the ground connected to the heat source pipe. A snow melting device comprising: a loop pipe for circulating the collected antifreeze liquid! /.

6. The snow melting device according to claim 5, wherein a sealed expansion tank is connected to the loop pipe.