WO2007082558A1 - Matériau isolant comprenant un matériau réfléchissant pour bâtiments - Google Patents

Matériau isolant comprenant un matériau réfléchissant pour bâtiments Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2007082558A1
WO2007082558A1 PCT/EP2006/004547 EP2006004547W WO2007082558A1 WO 2007082558 A1 WO2007082558 A1 WO 2007082558A1 EP 2006004547 W EP2006004547 W EP 2006004547W WO 2007082558 A1 WO2007082558 A1 WO 2007082558A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
insulation material
insulation
reflection
heat
phase change
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2006/004547
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Bernd Meinecke
Original Assignee
Bernd Meinecke
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Bernd Meinecke filed Critical Bernd Meinecke
Publication of WO2007082558A1 publication Critical patent/WO2007082558A1/fr

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
    • E04B1/76—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to heat only
    • E04B1/78—Heat insulating elements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/02—Physical, chemical or physicochemical properties
    • B32B7/027—Thermal properties
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D20/00—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00
    • F28D20/02—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00 using latent heat
    • F28D20/023—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00 using latent heat the latent heat storage material being enclosed in granular particles or dispersed in a porous, fibrous or cellular structure
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
    • E04B1/76—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to heat only
    • E04B2001/7691—Heat reflecting layers or coatings
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/14—Thermal energy storage

Definitions

  • Insulation material comprising reflection material for buildings
  • the invention relates to an insulation material for the thermal insulation of buildings, in particular of roofs and/or walls.
  • heat can be transported from the warm side to the cold side by heat conduction, convection and radiation.
  • Various materials are used to insulate buildings, with a view of reducing the heat transport through the walls and/or the roof of the building. This is intended to as far as possible prevent the transport of heat from the interior to the outside in winter and the introduction of heat from the outside inward in the summer.
  • Insulating materials which have a low thermal conductivity are used for thermal insulation, i.e. to impede the transport of heat, so as to minimize the transport of heat by heat conduction. Furthermore, the structure of the thermally insulating materials fills the free space between the inside of the building and the outside in such a way as to prevent the formation of air flows which transmit heat by convection. Thermally insulating foams and staple fibers, such as rock wool or glass wool, can be used for this purpose.
  • Heat can be transmitted not only by direct contact of materials and associated heat conduction or convection, but also by radiation. Every body emits radiation according to its temperature. If a heat flow comes into contact with a body by radiation, part of this heat flow is reflected, a further part is absorbed and another part is transmitted. The absorbed and transmitted parts of the heat flow are then transported through the interior of the body according to the temperature gradient by heat conduction, convection or again by radiation.
  • thermally insulating materials are combined with aluminum foils or metallized plastic foils in what are known as multilayers, in order to allow reflection of thermal radiation at the metal foils.
  • the dense packing of the individual layers in the multilayer material gives rise to the drawback that moisture which penetrates in the event of damage can only escape from the multilayer material very slowly.
  • Water likewise has a high thermal conductivity, with the result that the penetration of moisture undermines the function of the multilayer material as thermal insulation.
  • the moisture leads to damage to the construction materials of the walls and/or roof of the building.
  • a further object of the invention is to provide an insulation material which allows moisture which has penetrated to escape.
  • the inventor has found out that the transfer of heat can be reduced by heat-reflecting layers being arranged at a distance from layers having a low thermal conductivity or layers which suppress convection.
  • the invention therefore provides an insulation material for the thermal insulation of buildings, in particular roofs and/or walls, having at least a first reflection material and an insulating material, the insulating material being arranged at a distance from the at least one first reflection material, thereby forming a space between the insulating material and the reflection material.
  • heat which is transported through the insulating material by radiation is at least partially reflected at the interface between the space and the reflection material.
  • the functionality of the reflection material can be considerably enhanced by the separation of the surfaces of insulating material and reflection material.
  • Heat transport in particular of the part of the heat which originates from radiation and is absorbed and/or transmitted by the reflection material, as a result of heat being conducted through materials adjacent to the reflection layer, is reduced by the space provided in accordance with the invention.
  • the space offers the possibility of mass transfer, so that moisture which penetrates into the insulation material can escape.
  • the distance between the thermally insulating material and the reflection material is in the range from approximately 5 mm to approximately 20 mm.
  • the insulation material according to the invention can be provided as an insulation element, in particular in the form of rolls and sheets.
  • a preferred embodiment of the invention is an insulation material in web form.
  • the insulation material is flexible in form, so that it can be rolled up and can therefore be stored in particularly compact form and is easy to handle.
  • the insulation material comprises a spacer which is arranged in the space in order to maintain a minimum distance between the first reflection material and the insulating material.
  • spacers are constructed in such a manner as to include the maximum possible amount of air and to minimize the contact surface area between insulating material and the surface which carries the reflecting material.
  • the spacer may comprise a hosiery.
  • the spacer may also comprise a profiled material.
  • a profiled material of this type may, for example, be a foamed material with elevations.
  • the insulation material may also comprise a spunbonded fabric which has been deformed so as to form projections as the spacer.
  • Suitable materials for the spacer are in particular thermoformable nonwovens or wovens made of, for example, polypropylene (PP) and/or polyamides (PA) and/or polyethylene terephthalate (PET).
  • the insulating material comprises at least one microfiber nonwoven based on PE, PP and/or PET.
  • microfiber nonwoven which comprises fibers with a fiber thickness in the range from 0.1 ⁇ m to 7 ⁇ m.
  • the insulating material may be mixed with hollow beads, in particular with hollow beads made from ceramic and/or glass. Hollow beads of this type are also known as "micro bubbles".
  • a particularly preferred refinement of the invention provides for the use of a microfiber nonwoven provided with micro bubbles as the insulating material.
  • the insulating material may comprise a foamed material which, by way of example, comprises polyurethanes (PUR) and/or polyethylene (PE) and/or PP and/or melamine resin.
  • PUR polyurethanes
  • PE polyethylene
  • PP polypropylene
  • melamine resin polypropylene
  • open- cell foams if vapor permeability of the composite is desirable, or closed-cell foams, for vapor-tight composites, comprising at least one of the abovementioned materials, in particular melamine resin, are suitable as the insulating material in the context of the invention.
  • the insulating material is provided with a profiling which performs the function of the spacer.
  • an insulating material which has been profiled in this way can be provided by suitably shaped foams.
  • the insulation material may be provided as a flexible web, in particular a web which can be rolled up.
  • the insulation material comprises at least one carrier web, in particular a roof lining for roofs and/or walls of buildings.
  • Heat transition through the insulation material according to the invention can be reduced still further by the carrier web comprising at least the first reflection material.
  • the carrier web has a first face, facing the inner side of the insulation material, and a second face, facing the outer side of the insulation material, the carrier web comprising the at least one first reflection material at least on its first face.
  • the inner side of the insulation material or the first face of the carrier web, respectively face toward the building.
  • the outer side of the insulation material or the second face of the carrier web respectivelyface away from the building in the installed state of the insulation material.
  • the carrier web may include at least one second reflection material, which at least partially reflects thermal radiation.
  • the second reflection material may be applied to the second face of the carrier web.
  • the insulation material comprises at least one further carrier web.
  • the insulation material comprises two carrier webs.
  • the insulation material may be terminated on both sides by a roof lining, which on the one hand protects the thermally insulating material in particular from mechanical wear and on the other hand improves the handling properties of the insulation material.
  • At least one of the carrier webs is provided to be substantially permeable to water vapor.
  • the insulation material according to the invention may comprise a roof lining which is open to diffusion with a metal vapor-deposited coating on one or both sides as the outer layer in the installed 'state .
  • the insulation material is thereby advantageously designed to be open to vapor. Consequently, moisture which has penetrated into the insulation material can leave it again substantially unimpeded. Moisture which is present in parts of buildings which are in contact with the insulation material can pass through the insulation material . Therefore, the insulation material advantageously does not impede the drying of these parts of the building.
  • the carrier web to include a reflection material which has an S d value of less, than or equal to approximately 1 m.
  • the insulation material on its inner side has a reflection material with an Sa value of less than or equal to approximately 1 m and on its outer side has a reflection material with an S d value of less than or equal to approximately 0.1 m.
  • the S d value is what is known as the water vapor diffusion equivalent air space thickness and indicates - measured in m - how many times more resistant than air a material is to the through-migration of water vapor.
  • a material with an S d value of, for example, 0.1 m has a water vapor barrier coefficient comparable to an air space with a thickness of 10 cm.
  • the insulation material may comprise a metal layer as reflection material.
  • a metal layer as reflection material.
  • Suitable materials for the metal layer forming the reflection material are aluminum and/or copper.
  • copper has a higher reflection action in the IR region which, furthermore, is less wavelength-dependent than in the case of aluminum.
  • At least one of the reflection materials may be provided with an antioxidant.
  • the antioxidant may, for example, be a coating applied to the reflection layer facing away from the building in the installed state.
  • a coating of transparent acrylic dispersion applied to the reflection layer which is oriented away from the building in the installed state can for example be used as the protective layer protecting against oxidation.
  • this acrylic dispersion coating is highly transparent and very thin, advantageously with a thickness of less than or equal to approximately 10 micrometers. A loss of the reflection action can advantageously be substantially avoided with the aid of the coating.
  • the insulation material has a barrier material on its inner side.
  • This barrier material may, for example, include a vapor-decelerating web.
  • vapor-decelerating in this context is to be understood as meaning a material which permits less water vapor to diffuse through it than the roof lining arranged adjacent to the barrier material. Vapor barriers are therefore webs through which water vapor as far as possible cannot diffuse; they have an S d value of more than approximately 100 m.
  • the layer of the barrier material on the room side, in the installed state in particular has a vapor barrier coefficient of 6:1 in accordance with DIN 4108-3 in relation to the material which adjoins the barrier material, i.e. for example the roof lining lying on the outer side.
  • a design of this type which is still fundamentally open to diffusion, allows atmospheric humidity which is present on the room side to diffuse outward and protects the structure from wood moisture damage and heat losses caused by moisture included in the insulation material.
  • the invention advantageously provides for the barrier material, on its face which faces the building in the installed state, to have a reflection material which at least partially reflects thermal radiation.
  • This reflection material may, for example, be provided in the form of an aluminum coating.
  • a coating with an antioxidant, such as for example an additional coating layer, is not absolutely necessary in this case, since on the inner side direct wetting does generally not occur.
  • the latter is provided in various dimensions which are in each case adapted to the installation situation.
  • the invention in particular provides for the insulation material to have a width of up to approximately 3 m. This is particularly suitable for the application of the insulation material to walls. A width of approximately 1.5 m is preferred for applications in the region of the roof .
  • in the edge region of the insulation material at least the materials which delimit the insulation material on the outer sides are joined to one another, so that they enclose the interior of the insulation material.
  • the edge region of the insulation material can be welded.
  • a strip of lower thickness than the majority of the insulation material may be provided in the edge region of the insulation material. If the insulation material is used in the form of a plurality of webs arranged next to one another, this side strip at the edge region can be used to overlap at the transition region from one web to the next. This advantageously allows the insulation material to be laid in the form of a substantially completely continuous surface. For rapid, water-tight laying, an adhesive may be provided in the edge region of the insulation material. In particular, a self-adhesive strip may be applied to the underside of the edge region in the region of the overlap.
  • the two lateral edge regions of the insulation material may be complementary to one another, so that given the same orientation of the insulation material webs, the right-hand edge region of one web is complementary to the left-hand edge region of the web which adjoins it on the right-hand side.
  • Alternate-sided welding of this nature advantageously substantially avoids increases in height in the region of overlap.
  • Cross-joints, overlaps, penetrated sections and connections can, for example, be made airtight and watertight using an aluminum adhesive tape.
  • the insulation material includes at least one heat storage material which comprises a phase change material (PCM) .
  • PCM phase change material
  • Phase change materials also known as latent heat storage materials, are materials which absorb or emit heat at a certain temperature without their own temperature changing. This property is known as “latent heat storage”. The heat which is absorbed or emitted changes the state of the phase change material .
  • an advantageous refinement of the invention provides for the heat storage material to comprise a bulk material, in which the phase change material is dispersed.
  • the phase change material is provided in the form of particles, for example in the form of beads.
  • the heat storage action can be set by means of the quantity and type of phase change material selected.
  • the invention provides for the bulk material to be applied as a coating to the carrier material.
  • Acrylic has proven to be a particularly suitable material for a coating of this type.
  • the bulk material can therefore be provided in the form of acrylic coating.
  • An acrylic coating can be provided, for example, by coating with a polyacrylate dispersion .
  • the phase change material is advantageous for the phase change material to be provided in the form of particles that are as small as possible.
  • the phase change material is in the form of beads with a mean diameter in the range of less than 30 ⁇ m, preferably in the range of greater than approximately 5 ⁇ m to less than approximately 20 ⁇ m. With this type of size, the particles of the phase change material can be incorporated in even relatively thin coatings without problems .
  • the phase change material may be in the form of encapsulated beads .
  • the encapsulated beads may have an acrylic encapsulation.
  • phase change material in an encapsulation of this type, can be protected from changes to its properties caused by contact with the bulk material or other constituents of the insulation material.
  • the heat storage material comprises at least one phase change material in powder form.
  • the particles of the phase change material in powder form can be joined to one another, in particular by a powder adhesive.
  • the invention provides for the phase change material to comprise at least one material from the paraffin class.
  • the phase change of paraffins from solid to liquid can be set relatively accurately to the desired temperature range depending on the chemical structure of the paraffin used in each instance and/or the combination of paraffins employed.
  • paraffins advantageously have a high enthalpy of fusion .
  • a suitable carrier material for the heat storage material may be provided, for example, in the form of a spunbonded nonwoven.
  • the insulation material may have a reflection layer on its face facing away from the building in the installed state. In particular, this reflection layer can be applied to the heat storage material.
  • phase change temperature i.e. generally the melting point
  • storage material for example paraffin
  • phase change materials in an insulation material which according to the invention is flexible, in particular can be rolled up, advantageously allows the reversible storage of heat in the heat storage material. This allows the effectiveness of the insulation material to be improved in terms of heat protection in summer and in winter.
  • the vapor permeability and thermal conductivity of the insulation material are advantageously scarcely affected at all by the addition of phase change materials .
  • the insulation material according to the invention with its structure open to diffusion, can advantageously be integrated in existing buildings and is therefore particularly suitable for the renovation of old buildings .
  • the insulation material can be used as a supplement to conventional thermal insulation. Energy losses caused by convection can likewise be substantially prevented by the insulation material according to the invention.
  • the specific construction principle involving the reflection materials and insulating materials being spaced apart advantageously reduces the transfer of heat.
  • the insulation material according to the invention can be laid easily, quickly and cleanly, in particular by virtue of the specific configuration of the edge regions .
  • the insulation material according to the invention offers the advantage of creating a particularly pleasant room climate, since the proportion of radiant heat in the room is increased by the reflection at the insulation material. It has been found that human beings require approximately 60% of the heat supplied to be in the form of radiant heat in order to feel comfortable. If the air in a room is heated exclusively by heat conduction and convection, the climate is not comfortable.
  • the insulation material according to the invention significantly increases the proportion of reflected heat which is available as radiant heat, with the heat emitted by people in the room also being partially reflected.
  • Fig. 1 diagrammatically depicts a detailed drawing from the insulation material according to the invention in the form of a sectional view of a first embodiment of the invention
  • Fig. 2 shows a photograph illustrating a spacer in accordance with one embodiment of the invention
  • FIG. 3 shows a photograph illustrating a spacer in accordance with a further embodiment of the invention, in a view from above,
  • FIG. 4 diagrammatically depicts the spacer shown in figure 3 as seen from below
  • Fig. 5 shows a photograph illustrating the insulation material according to the invention in the form of a section through a further embodiment of the invention
  • Fig. 6 diagrammatically depicts a detailed drawing from the insulation material according to the invention in the form of a section through a further embodiment of the invention
  • Fig. 7 diagrammatically depicts a detailed drawing from the insulation material according to the invention in the form of a section through a further embodiment of the invention
  • Fig. 8 diagrammatically depicts a detailed drawing from the insulation material according to the invention in the form of a section through a further embodiment of the invention
  • Fig. 9 diagrammatically depicts a detailed drawing from the insulation material according to the invention in the form of a section through a further embodiment of the invention.
  • Fig. 10 diagrammatically depicts a detailed drawing from the insulation material according to the invention in the form of a section through a further embodiment of the invention
  • Fig. 11 diagrammatically depicts a detailed drawing from the insulation material according to the invention in the form of a section through a further embodiment of the invention
  • Fig. 12 diagrammatically depicts a detailed drawing from the insulation material according to the invention in the form of a cross section through a further embodiment of the invention
  • Fig. 13 diagrammatically depicts a detailed drawing from the insulation material according to the invention in the form of a section through a further embodiment of the invention
  • Fig. 14 diagrammatically depicts a detailed drawing from the insulation material according to the invention in the form of a section through a further embodiment of the invention
  • Fig. 15 diagrammatically depicts a detailed drawing from the insulation material according to the invention in the form of a section through a further embodiment of the invention
  • Fig. 16 diagrammatically depicts a detailed drawing from a roof structure using the insulation material of the invention in accordance with the exemplary embodiment shown in figure 8,
  • Fig. 17 diagrammatically depicts a detailed drawing from a roof structure using the insulation material of the invention in accordance with a further exemplary embodiment of the invention.
  • FIG. 1 diagrammatically depicts a detailed drawing in sectional view from the insulation material 1 in its basic form.
  • the insulation material 1 may be an insulating element.
  • the insulation material can be provided in the form of a panel as a web of material.
  • the insulation material 1 has an inner side 11, which in the installed state faces the building, and an outer side 12, which in the installed state faces away from the building.
  • the insulation material 1 comprises an insulating material 3 and a first reflection material 2.
  • the reflection material 2 is arranged at a distance from the insulating material 3, leading to the formation of a space 23.
  • a spacer 230 is arranged in the space 23 in order to keep the reflection material 2 at a distance from the insulating material 3.
  • Figure 2 shows, as an example, a photographic image of a PP/PA hosiery 231. These products are also referred to as polymer structure mats. They have, for example, a thread thickness in the range from approximately 0.05 mm to approximately 2 mm and a weight per unit area in the range from approximately 50 g/m 2 to approximately 500 g/m 2 . Moreover, they have an irregular thread distribution.
  • a further example of a spacer is shown in figures 3 and 4.
  • a PET/PP domed nonwoven is illustrated in a view from above in figure 3 and in a view from below in figure 4.
  • the domed nonwoven has a substantially planar surface 232, in which substantially hemispherical depressions (domes) are formed.
  • the corresponding dome- shaped elevations can be recognized.
  • the elevations serve as spacers when the surface 232 of the domed nonwoven is placed onto an insulating material 3.
  • the reflection layer 2 is then substantially in contact with the underside 233 of the domed nonwoven.
  • the reflection layer 2 bears against the domed nonwoven substantially at punctiform contact locations.
  • FIG. 5 shows a photograph of a corresponding embodiment of the invention.
  • a profiled, cured foam 320 is in contact with a web which is open to diffusion and has a reflection layer 2.
  • this foam has two regions.
  • a first region is formed by a substantially planar sheet.
  • ribs are applied to this sheet.
  • the ribs merge into the sheet.
  • the reflection layer 2 bears against the tip of the ribs at substantially linear contact locations.
  • the height of the ribs corresponds to the height of the space 23 between the sheet and the reflection layer 2.
  • the profiled foam 320 has a dual function, namely firstly that of providing the insulating material 3 and secondly that of serving as a spacer 230. If a profiled foam 320 of this type is used, there is advantageously no need for a separate spacer 230.
  • FIG 6 diagrammatically depicts a further embodiment of the invention, which is suitable in particular for heat protection in winter.
  • the insulation material 1 On its outer side 12, the insulation material 1 has a carrier.
  • the carrier used is a roof lining 4.
  • the roof lining On its inner side 41, the roof lining comprises a reflection layer 2.
  • the roof lining 4 On its outer side 42 the roof lining 4 has a second reflection material 8.
  • the roof lining 4 is open to vapor and is aluminized on both sides in order to provide the first reflection layer 2 and the second reflection layer 8.
  • the insulation material 1 also comprises an insulating material 3, which is arranged at a distance from the first reflection layer 2, forming a space 23.
  • a spacer 230 is located in the space 23 in order to ensure a minimum distance between the roof lining 4 having the first reflection layer 2 and the thermally insulating material 3.
  • the insulation material 1 also comprises a barrier material 5, which comprises a third reflection layer 9 on its face 51 which faces the building in the installed state.
  • the barrier material 5 having the third reflection layer 9 is designed as a vapor-decelerating material aluminized on the room side.
  • the spacer 230 is formed by a separating hosiery or other separating nonwoven.
  • Thermal radiation which reaches the insulation material 1 from the inner side 11 is partially, for example to an extent of 50%, reflected at the reflection layer 9.
  • the remaining part for example 50%, at least partially passes into the interior of the reflection material 1.
  • this part On its way toward the outer side 12, this part passes through a plurality of interfaces between the different materials. In particular when it reaches the first reflection material 2, some of the heat transported in the interior of the insulation material 1 is reflected.
  • the profile of the temperature gradient from the inner side 11 to the outer side 12 of the insulation material 1 is thereby shifted in the direction of the outer side 12 by the arrangement of the reflection layer or layers according to the invention.
  • the reflection material 9 located on the room side is also arranged at a distance from the thermally insulating material 3, forming a space 23, in such a manner that heat conduction at the transition region from the thermally insulating material 3 to the reflection material 9 can be substantially completely eliminated.
  • the insulation material 1 is of symmetrical construction with respect to a center plane through the insulating material 3. Spaces 23 adjoin the insulating material 3 on both sides. Spacers 230 are arranged in the spaces 23 in order to ensure a minimum distance between the insulating material 3 and the reflection layers.
  • the insulation material 1 is terminated by a roof lining 4 on both its outer side 12 and its inner side 11.
  • the roof linings 4 have a first reflection material 2 on their first surfaces 41 and a second reflection material 8 on their second surfaces 42.
  • the exemplary embodiment illustrated in figure 8 is also particularly suitable for heat protection in summer.
  • the proportion of the thermal radiation arriving from the outer side 12 which is emitted to the building through the insulation material 1 via the inner side 11 can be well below 25%.
  • figure 9 illustrates an insulation material 1 in accordance with a further embodiment of the invention, in which two layers of thermally insulating material 3 are provided between the outer side 12 and the inner side 11. Each layer of thermally insulating material 3 is arranged so as to form a space 23 with respect to the adjacent layer in each case.
  • the spaces 23 comprise spacers 230.
  • the insulation material 1 is terminated toward the outside by roof linings 4 on the inner side 11 and the outer side 12.
  • the roof lining 4 on the inner side 11 of the insulation material 1 is provided on the room side with a reflection layer 2.
  • the roof lining 4 on the outer side 12 of the insulation material 1 is provided with reflection layers 2, 8 on both sides.
  • a reflection layer 2 which is therefore surrounded by spacers 230. Thermal radiation which penetrates both from the outer side 12 of the insulation material 1 and from the inner side 11 of the insulation material 1 can be particularly efficiently reflected in particular at this middle reflection layer 2.
  • figure 10 diagrammatically depicts a further embodiment of the invention, which comprises an insulation material 1 that includes a corresponding temperature fluctuation damper.
  • the insulation material 1 comprises a heat storage material 7.
  • the heat storage material 7 comprises a phase change material. Heat which penetrates into the insulation material 1 can be stored as a result of the enthalpy of fusion of the phase change material 7. If the temperature drops in the vicinity of the heat storage material 7, the heat which has been stored in the form of latent heat of the phase change, i.e. the enthalpy of fusion, is available to at least partially compensate for the temperature difference which occurs. The heat storage material 7 therefore performs a buffer action for temperature fluctuations.
  • Figure 10 shows a particularly simple configuration of a corresponding insulation material 1, which comprises a thermally insulating material 3 and a first reflection layer 2, which is arranged at a distance from the thermally insulating material 3 so as to form a space 23.
  • a spacer 230 holds the thermally insulating material away from the reflection material 2.
  • a heat storage material 7 is arranged in combination with the first reflection material 2 on the outer side 12 of the insulation material 1.
  • the heat storage material 7 for the insulation material 1 may also have a de ' dicated carrier material 10.
  • a temperature equalization material as a combination of heat storage material 7 and carrier material 10, which temperature equalization material can be used in particular in combination with the insulation material, as described above, but can also be used on its own.
  • Figure 11 shows a combination of a temperature equalization medium of this type with an insulation material, which comprises reflection materials 2 arranged at a distance from an insulating material 3.
  • the insulation material 1 comprises a thermally insulating material 3, in which a space 23 is maintained between the thermally insulating material 3 and reflection materials 2 on both sides by means of spacers 230.
  • the reflection materials 2 are applied in coating form to roof linings 4.
  • the roof lining 4 which faces the outer side 12 of the insulation material 1 has reflection materials 2, 8 on both sides.
  • a temperature equalizationl material which comprises a carrier material 10 and a heat storage material 7, has been applied to this roof lining 4, which is provided with reflection materials 2, 8 on both sides.
  • the heat storage material 7 has been applied to the carrier material 10 in the form of a coating of a bulk material 72. Particles of a phase change material 75 are dispersed in the bulk material 72.
  • the phase change material 75 is provided in the form of beads. It should be noted that the size ratios shown in figure 11 are not to scale. In particular, the beads are shown on a much larger scale than the other dimensions.
  • a further reflection layer 9 has been applied to the heat storage material 7 toward the outer side 12 of the insulation material 1.
  • Aluminum is a particularly suitable material for the reflection materials 2, 8, 9 of an insulation material 1 of this type.
  • the reflection layer 9 on the outer side has been applied as a coating to the heat storage material 7.
  • An acrylic coating which serves as bulk material 73 has been applied to the spunboded nonwoven which serves as carrier material 10. Micro-encapsulated paraffin beads with an acrylic encapsulation are dispersed in the acrylic coating 72.
  • the insulating material 3 used is an insulating nonwoven. Separating scrims 230 have been introduced into the insulation material 1 adjacent to the insulating nonwoven 3.
  • Figure 12 illustrates a cross section through an insulation material 1 in accordance with a further embodiment of the invention.
  • the insulation material 1 comprises a reflection layer 9 which has been applied to a barrier material 5.
  • the barrier material 5 is in contact with an insulating material 3, which is arranged at a distance from a first reflection layer 2 of a roof lining 4 so as to form a space 23.
  • a spacer 230 ensures the distance between the reflection material 3 and the first reflection layer 2 in the main region of the insulation material 1.
  • the roof lining 4 has a second reflection material 8 on the outer side 12 of the insulation material 1.
  • the insulation material 1 has an edge region 13. This edge region has a reduced thickness compared to the main region of the insulation material 1.
  • the materials of the insulation material namely the reflection layer 9, barrier material 5, insulating material 3, reflection layer 2, carrier web 4 and reflection layer 8 are joined to one another and are closed off with respect to the outside by welding together the reflection layers.
  • the edge region 13 is provided with an adhesive 6 on the underside.
  • an edge region 13 is shown on the right-hand side of the insulation material 1.
  • the top side of this edge region 13 is formed in one plane with the outer side 12 of the insulation material 1.
  • the insulation material may also have a complementary edge region on the left-hand side opposite from the edge region 13 illustrated.
  • a complementary edge region of this type is mirror-inverted with respect to the edge region 13 shown in figure 12 and comprises an adhesive 6 on its top side. Its underside is formed in one plane with the inner side 11 of the insulation material 1.
  • the adhesive 6 may be omitted at one of the mutually complementary edge regions.
  • Webs of the insulation material 1 with complementary edge regions 13 can be laid laterally adjacent to one another, with the mutually complementary edge regions 13 overlapping one another and being joined to one another by means of the adhesive 6.
  • Arranging a plurality of webs of the insulation material 1 next to one another in this way advantageously makes it possible to realize substantially planar outer surfaces 12 and inner surfaces 11, since an increase in height in the region of the join between adjacent insulation materials is avoided by the correspondingly reduced thickness of the edge regions 13.
  • Figure 13 shows a further embodiment of the insulation material 1, which is particularly suitable for use in the renovation of old buildings.
  • the inner side and outer side have the same S d value; as a result, defects in the airtightness which may be present on the room side but have not been detected can be compensated for.
  • the insulation material 1 On its inner side 11, the insulation material 1 has a roof lining 4 which is open to diffusion and has an S d value of less than 0.1 m.
  • the roof lining 4 is provided with a reflection layer 2.
  • a space 23 is maintained between the reflection layer 2 and a first thermally insulating material with the aid of a spacer 230.
  • a separating scrim and/or separating grid and/or separating nonwoven can be used as the spacer.
  • the first thermally insulating material is a melamine resin foam 32 which is open to diffusion and is arranged at a distance from a reflection layer 2, so as to form a space 23, with the aid of a spacer 230.
  • the reflection layer 2 has been applied to a roof lining 4 which is open to diffusion and is located substantially in the middle of the insulation material 1.
  • This roof lining also comprises a second reflection layer 8, from which a second insulating material is arranged at a distance.
  • a PET nonwoven which is open to diffusion is used as the second insulating material.
  • a further roof lining which is open to diffusion and has an S d value of less than 0.1 m, is arranged at a distance from the PET nonwoven 31.
  • a reflection material 8 has been applied to this further roof lining, terminating the insulation material on the outer side 12 for use in the renovation of old buildings.
  • Figure 14 shows a further exemplary embodiment of the insulation material 1, which is particularly suitable for use in the roofs and walls of new buildings.
  • the airtightness is defined and monitored - for example using what is known as a blower door measurement - on the room side of new buildings, with the result that increased moisture levels caused by convection can as far as possible be ruled out.
  • the insulation material 1 for use in new buildings has a vapor- decelerating material 5 with an S d value of less than or equal to approximately 1 m, which is open to diffusion, toward the inner side 11.
  • the vapor-decelerating material 5 which is open to diffusion is provided with a reflection layer 2 on its face which faces toward the inner side 11.
  • a melamine resin foam/PUR foam which is open to diffusion is used as insulating material facing toward the inner side 11.
  • Figure 15 shows a further exemplary embodiment of the insulation material 1, which is particularly inexpensive.
  • the particularly inexpensive insulation material 1 has a corrugated aluminum foil in the center as further reflection material 9. It is also possible to use a correspondingly profiled web of paper to which aluminum foil has been applied. By way of example, it is possible to use a grid-reinforced, corrugated composite of paper and aluminum.
  • FIG 16 shows an example of an installation situation of the insulation material 1 according to the invention.
  • a mineral fiber material with a thickness of from 100 to 150 mm can be used for the insulation 120.
  • the insulation material 1 has been applied to the side of the rafters 100 which faces away from the building.
  • there is an insulation material 1 which is terminated on its inner side 11 and on its outer side 12 by a roof lining 4 which is open to diffusion and has an S d value of less than or equal to approximately 0.1 m, in the form of a covering that is highly open to diffusion.
  • the roof lining 4 is provided with reflection layers 2, 8 on both sides.
  • the embodiment which is open to diffusion is of importance in particular, although not exclusively, in the renovation of old buildings in order not to impede dehumidification of the building by diffusion of water vapor to the outside.
  • Water vapor can be transported through the insulation material 1 by diffusion both from the rafters 100 and from the room side through the room-side cladding 130 and the inner wall or roof insulation 120. This transport of water vapor is diagrammatically indicated by arrows 140 in figure 16.
  • the major advantage of this use of the insulation material according to the invention is that there is no need to double up the rafters, and therefore time and costs can' be saved.
  • Old housing stock has roofs with a rafter height of in general from approximately 100 mm up to in general at most 120 mm. To satisfy the requirements of, for example, the thermal insulation regulations currently in force in Germany, this height would have to be extended to at least 150 mm in order to allow the introduction of additional insulating wool.
  • the operation of increasing the height of the rafters is known as doubling up.
  • Figure 17 shows a further example of an installation situation for the insulation material 1 according to the invention.
  • the thermal insulation is achieved purely by the insulation materials 1, one of which is arranged on the outer side, with another arranged on the inner side, of the rafters 100.
  • the space between the rafters, which is delimited by the two layers of the insulation materials 1, is in this case not ventilated.
  • the insulation material 1 according to the invention in addition to eliminating the need to double up the rafters and the provision of the free diffusion of water vapor to the outside air, providing a construction which is more favorable in terms of moisture, also offers the advantage that by using a reflective roof lining with thermal insulation, it is possible to dispense with the need for additional mineral wool 120 or additional other structural measures.
  • the insulation 1 according to the invention can be laid without ventilation, so as to be wind-proof. As a result, the inner wall or roof insulation 120 does not cool down and heat losses can be minimized further.
  • the insulation material 1 according to the invention can be laid quickly, easily and reliably.
  • further applications of the invention include steep roofs, both in new buildings and in renovation situations, intermediate floors, fa ⁇ ades produced by post-and-beam construction and/or brickwork and also bottom floors.
  • post- and-beam construction as distinct from brickwork, is to be understood as meaning wooden houses in which the supporting parts of roof and wall are made from wood.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Building Environments (AREA)

Abstract

Cette invention concerne un dispositif permettant à la fois d'assurer l'isolation thermique de bâtiments et de réduire le transfert de chaleur à travers des murs et des toits de bâtiments. Plus particulièrement, cette invention concerne un matériau isolant (1) conçu pour assurer l'isolation thermique de bâtiments, et en particulier, les toits et/ou les murs, lequel matériau comprend un premier matériau réfléchissant (2) et un matériau isolant (3), ce dernier étant placé à distance du premier matériau réfléchissant (2) et formant un espace (23), de telle sorte que la chaleur qui est acheminée, par rayonnement, à travers le matériau isolant (3) est au moins en partie réfléchie au niveau de l'interface entre l'espace (23) et le matériau réfléchissant (2).
PCT/EP2006/004547 2006-01-23 2006-05-15 Matériau isolant comprenant un matériau réfléchissant pour bâtiments WO2007082558A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE202006001050U DE202006001050U1 (de) 2006-01-23 2006-01-23 Isoliermaterial mit Reflexionsmaterial für Gebäude
DE202006001050.5 2006-01-23

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WO2007082558A1 true WO2007082558A1 (fr) 2007-07-26

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DE (1) DE202006001050U1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2007082558A1 (fr)

Cited By (8)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2010023649A1 (fr) * 2008-08-29 2010-03-04 Kingspan Research And Developments Limited Système de construction à ossature bois
CZ303509B6 (cs) * 2008-11-06 2012-10-31 Technická univerzita v Liberci Izolacní prostredek se smerovými tepelnými vlastnostmi
CN103554675A (zh) * 2013-10-31 2014-02-05 合肥得润电子器件有限公司 一种冰箱线束用防潮耐化学腐蚀绝缘料
JP2016205569A (ja) * 2015-04-27 2016-12-08 大日本印刷株式会社 遮熱シート
WO2018146662A3 (fr) * 2018-04-13 2018-11-22 Business Performance Advisors, Sa. Panneau thermique réfléchissant
CN109998384A (zh) * 2017-12-27 2019-07-12 廖钲达 用于发热装置的隔热结构
US11192327B2 (en) * 2017-07-03 2021-12-07 Axel Nickel Voluminous meltblown nonwoven fabric with improved stackability and storability
EE01568U1 (et) * 2020-12-16 2022-05-16 Raivo Lööper Kihiline materjal seina seestpoolt soojustamiseks koos siseviimistlusega

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GB0903715D0 (en) * 2009-03-04 2009-04-15 Yorkshire Building Services Whitwell Ltd Thermal insulation product
GB0903963D0 (en) 2009-03-06 2009-04-22 Hunt Tech Ltd Water vapour permeable multi-layer thermal insulation
DE202010009501U1 (de) † 2009-08-28 2010-11-25 Hanno-Werk Gmbh & Co. Kg Isoliersystem für Rechenzentrum

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US2746892A (en) * 1952-11-04 1956-05-22 Isoflex Corp Multi-layer heat insulating material
US3707433A (en) * 1970-05-18 1972-12-26 King Seeley Thermos Co Insulating material
US4594279A (en) * 1983-09-28 1986-06-10 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Heat insulator
US5399408A (en) * 1992-01-18 1995-03-21 Thyssen Nordseewerke Gmbh Thermal insulating body for thermal insulation
DE19519984A1 (de) * 1995-05-24 1996-11-28 Ulrich Kasperek AHUK-Isolierschichten
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US20030167719A1 (en) * 2002-01-04 2003-09-11 Alderman Robert J. Blanket insulation with reflective sheet and dead air space

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2010023649A1 (fr) * 2008-08-29 2010-03-04 Kingspan Research And Developments Limited Système de construction à ossature bois
GB2462912B (en) * 2008-08-29 2013-01-09 Kingspan Res & Dev Ltd A timber frame building system
CZ303509B6 (cs) * 2008-11-06 2012-10-31 Technická univerzita v Liberci Izolacní prostredek se smerovými tepelnými vlastnostmi
CN103554675A (zh) * 2013-10-31 2014-02-05 合肥得润电子器件有限公司 一种冰箱线束用防潮耐化学腐蚀绝缘料
JP2016205569A (ja) * 2015-04-27 2016-12-08 大日本印刷株式会社 遮熱シート
US11192327B2 (en) * 2017-07-03 2021-12-07 Axel Nickel Voluminous meltblown nonwoven fabric with improved stackability and storability
CN109998384A (zh) * 2017-12-27 2019-07-12 廖钲达 用于发热装置的隔热结构
WO2018146662A3 (fr) * 2018-04-13 2018-11-22 Business Performance Advisors, Sa. Panneau thermique réfléchissant
EE01568U1 (et) * 2020-12-16 2022-05-16 Raivo Lööper Kihiline materjal seina seestpoolt soojustamiseks koos siseviimistlusega

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