WO2007066208A1 - Combinaisons pesticides - Google Patents

Combinaisons pesticides Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2007066208A1
WO2007066208A1 PCT/IB2006/003493 IB2006003493W WO2007066208A1 WO 2007066208 A1 WO2007066208 A1 WO 2007066208A1 IB 2006003493 W IB2006003493 W IB 2006003493W WO 2007066208 A1 WO2007066208 A1 WO 2007066208A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
fungicide
silica
combination
silicon compound
silicate
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/IB2006/003493
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Johannes Jacobus Lodewicus Pretorius
Original Assignee
Bitrad Trust
Sjarpah Family Trust
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Bitrad Trust, Sjarpah Family Trust filed Critical Bitrad Trust
Publication of WO2007066208A1 publication Critical patent/WO2007066208A1/fr

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N59/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing elements or inorganic compounds

Definitions

  • This invention relates to pesticidal, and in particular fungicidal, compositions for plants.
  • Fungal infections are commonly associated with the cultivation of many agricultural crops, resulting in farmers having to incur substantial costs in either pre-treating the crops to avoid infection or post-treating the crops once signs of infection become visible. These costs include not only the costs of the chemicals used to treat the crops, but also the labour expended in applying the chemicals and the resultant losses of infected crops or lowered crop production.
  • L ⁇ veillula taurica is a serious pathogen of peppers, especially green peppers.
  • Significant defoliation of infected crops occurs within only a few weeks, leading to sunburned fruit and abscission of flowers and young fruit.
  • Fruit size is also impaired due to lack of sufficient foliage to nurture growing fruit, and the shelf life of the fruit is significantly reduced.
  • BenlateTM which contains benomyl, a systemic benzimidazole fungicide, manufactured by Du Pont
  • Agronomists have also reported that products from the triazole (e.g. CabrioTM, StrobyTM) and strobilurin (e.g. propiconazole (BumperTM), tebaconazole (HorizonTM)) groups also render unacceptable control of the fungus.
  • triazole e.g. CabrioTM, StrobyTM
  • strobilurin e.g. propiconazole (BumperTM), tebaconazole (HorizonTM)
  • the pest infection may be an insect or fungal infection.
  • the combination of the fungicide and silicon/silica/silicate may have increased fungicidal activity than the fungicide in the absence of the silicon compound.
  • the silicon compound is preferably a water-soluble, non-toxic silicon.
  • the silicon compound may be silica (SiO 2 ).
  • the fungicide or fungistat may be an alkaline fungicide.
  • the fungicide may be selected from the group consisting of benzimidazole, triazole (triadimefon), copper, dichlorophen, chloro-thalanol and strobilurin compounds, or combinations thereof. More particularly, the fungicide may include a benzimidazole compound, and even more particularly, the benzimidazole compound may be carbendazim.
  • the fungicide may also include a triazole compound in combination with the benzimidazole compound, such as a combination of triadimefon and carbendazim.
  • the benzimidazole and triazole compounds may be present in a ratio of about 200:165.
  • the plants to which the composition may be applied include trees (deciduous, subtropical and tropical), vines, ornamental plants, agricultural and edible crops, such as mangoes, vegetables (such as peppers, green peppers, potatoes, tomatoes, beans, lettuce, peas and the like), wheat, barley, oats, maize and soyabeans.
  • the composition may be used to treat one or more fungal infections of plants, such as powdery mildew (Erisyphe graminis), Leveillula taurica and Sphaerotheca fulignea, eye spot (Pseudocercosporella herpothchoides), leaf rust (Puccinia recondite, Puccinia hordei and Uromyces spp.), leaf spot (Rhyncosporium secalis, Actinonema rosae and Cercospora Zeae-maydis ), crown rust (Puccinia coronata), Alternaria solani and the like.
  • powdery mildew Erisyphe graminis
  • eye spot Pseudocercosporella herpothchoides
  • leaf rust Puccinia recondite, Puccinia hordei and Uromyces spp.
  • leaf spot Rhy
  • the silicon compound and fungicide of the combination may be sold together, mixed or unmixed, or independently of one another.
  • the compounds may be administered together or consecutively.
  • the silicon compound and/or the fungicide may be administered in an amount which is less than the effective amount of either one or both of the compounds when administered individually.
  • compositions for treating or preventing a pest infection of a plant including a combination of a silicon compound or a derivative, silicate, silica or salt thereof and a fungicide, substantially as described above.
  • a method of treating a plant infected with a fungal infection including the step of administering to the plant a combination or composition including silicon, silica or a silicate and a fungicide substantially as described above.
  • a method of preventing or inhibiting a plant from becoming infected with a fungal infection including the step of administering to the plant a composition or combination including silicon, silica or a silicate and a fungicide substantially as described above.
  • the invention provides a composition or combination of at least two compounds for treating or preventing a pest infection of a plant, the composition or combination including silicon or a silica, silicate, derivative or salt thereof, and a fungicide.
  • the composition or combination including silicon or a silica, silicate, derivative or salt thereof, and a fungicide.
  • the applicants have found that compositions or combinations including the fungicide and silicon compound have increased fungicidal and pesticidal activity over the fungicide in the absence of the silica/silicate.
  • silicon unless expressly stated otherwise, is intended to refer also to silicon-containing substances such as silica and silicates.
  • fungicide is intended to refer to any chemical or physical agent that kills or inhibits the growth of fungi.
  • fungistat refers to any chemical or physical agent that prevents fungi from developing but does not kill them.
  • fungicide as used herein is also intended to include fungistats.
  • the term "pest infection” is intended to include both fungal and insect infections.
  • the silicon compound is typically a non-toxic water-soluble silicon compound.
  • a silica (SiO 2 ) compositon which contains sodium silicate or potassium silicate, or a 20% m/m SiO 2 compound, are known to be suitable for use in the invention.
  • the silicon is dissolved in water and left to stand for a period in order to obtain a soluble silicon solution with a pH of about 11.
  • an alkaline fungicide is generally most suitable for use in the composition, as the high pH of the silicon compound tends to cause flocculation when mixed with an acidic compound.
  • Fungicides which have been identified as being suitable for the purposes of this invention include, but are not limited to, benzimidazole, triazole, copper, dichlorophen, chlorothalonil and strobilurin compounds, and combinations thereof.
  • the fungicide may include a benzimidazole compound, such as carbendazim.
  • the fungicide may include a triazole compound such as triadimefon.
  • the fungicide may include a triazole compound, such as triadimefon, in combination with a benzimidazole compound, such as carbendazim.
  • the benzimidazole and triazole compounds may be present in a ratio of about 200:165.
  • Benzimidazole compounds are heterocyclic aromatic organic compounds having an imidazole ring (a five-membered diunsaturated ring structure composed of three carbon atoms and two nitrogen atoms at nonadjacent positions) fused to benzene.
  • Examples of benzimidazole class fungicides include benomyl, carbendazim, chlorfenazole, cypendazole, debacarb, fuberidazole, furophanate, mecarbinzid, rabenzazole, thiabendazole, thiophanate.
  • Benzimidazole and its derivatives are used in organic synthesis and vermicides or fungicides as they inhibit the action of certain microorganisms.
  • Triazole compounds are organic heterocyclic compounds containing a five-membered diunsaturated ring structure composed of three nitrogen atoms and two carbon atoms at nonadjacent positions.
  • Triadimefon is a systemic fungicide in the triazole family of chemicals. It is used to control powdery mildews, rusts, and other fungal pests on cereals, fruits, vegetables, turf, shrubs, and trees.
  • Trade names for products containing triadimefon include Acizol, Amiral, Bay MEB 6447, and Bayleton (92.6% triadimefon).
  • the compound may also be found in formulations with other fungicides such as captan, carbendazim, folpet, dodine, and propineb.
  • Plants which can be treated with the composition include, but are not limited to, trees (deciduous), sub-tropical and tropical), vines, ornamental plants, agricultural and edible crops, such as mangoes, all vegetables (peppers, green peppers, potatoes, tomatoes, beans, lettuce, peas and the like), wheat, barley, maize, soyabeans and oats.
  • Fungal infections which can be treated and/or prevented by the composition include powdery mildew (Erisyphe graminis), Leveillula taurica, Sphaerotheca fulignea, eye spot (Pseudocercosporella herpotrichoides), leaf rust (Puccinia recondite, Puccinia hordel and Uromyces spp.), leaf spot (Rhyncosporium secalis, Actinonema rosae and Cercospora Zeae-maydis), crown rust (Puccinia coronata), Alternaria solani and the like.
  • the silicon compound and fungicide(s) of the composition may be sold together, either in separate containers with mixing instructions, or may be mixed and sold in a composition prior to sale.
  • the silicon compound and fungicide(s) may be sold independently of one another, in which case they may be mixed to form the composition shortly prior to administration to the plants or may be administered consecutively.
  • Green pepper, rose, cucurbit, petit pan, maize, potato and tomato plants were treated with the following compounds or compositions, either on their own or in combination:
  • Rambo SCTM (Reg No. L7292) from Bitrad Consulting (Pty) Ltd, RSA was used as an example of a fungicide containing a combination of benzimidazole and triazole compounds. Its active ingredients are a combination of carbendazim (benzimidazole) and triadimefon (triazole) in a ratio of 20Og carbendazim: 165 g triadimefon. Rambo SCTM has been shown to be a good fungicide, especially against powdery mildew species.
  • Copper compounds can generally be classified as fungistats rather than fungicides, as fungal infections are limited rather than prevented when crops are pre-treated with copper compounds.
  • VirucideTM is a fortified plant extract and is known to limit viral infections.
  • the silicon compound used was a water-soluble non-toxic silica preparation (NTS). No adjuvants were added to treatments.
  • Example 1 Corrective control (i.e. post-infection treatment) of Leveillula taurica
  • Table 1 Compositions used in treating green pepper plants
  • Green pepper plants were treated with one of the above applications approximately 12 weeks after planting. The plants had been planted in double rows with 2m spacing between double rows, and were grown in a clay/loam soil under drip irrigation in extremely hot conditions. Prior to treatment, the crop vigour was good and the plants were at various stages of fruiting, although powdery mildew infection (Leveillula taurica) had already been established in the crop.
  • powdery mildew infection Leveillula taurica
  • a CP15 Knapsack with lance (1 x D2 hollow cone nozzle) was used to apply the treatments to randomised blocks (10m 2 ) with four replicates at an application volume of 300 t per hectare, with a full cover spray from the top and sides of plants.
  • a second treatment was applied 10 days later.
  • the crops were assessed for crop tolerance and disease control 11 days after the second application, and the percentage of leaves infected by Leveillula taurica (powdery mildew) per 10 plants per plot was calculated. The results are shown in Table 2.
  • Rambo SCTM A definite dose response is evident. The higher rates of 200 and 300 ml/100 litre spray mixture reached acceptable commercial control levels. Crop vigour positively followed the dose increases of Rambo SCTM. All treatments had a distinct darker green colour, which is attributed to the higher level of disease control obtained.
  • Nontox-silica The better disease control obtained with the 400 ml dose versus the 200 ml/100 litre spray mixture also indicates a positive dose response (compare treatment nos. 5 and 6). When used alone, the lower rate of 200 ml/100 litre spray mixture gave approximately the same level of control as the standard BenomylTM treatment (compare treatments 5 and 12). Likewise the higher rate of 400 ml/100 litre spray mixture approximately matches the level of control obtained with copper oxychloride (compare treatments 6 and 13). Nontox-silica at the indicated doses contributed towards stronger leathery leaves, but did not render the level of disease control obtained with even the lowest dose rate of Rambo SCTM.
  • VegardTM at the indicated dose rate, did not perform better than Nontox-silica used alone at an equivalent dose rate of 200 ml/100 litre spray mixture (compare treatment nos. 5 and 10). Neither did VegardTM contribute towards disease control in combination with Rambo SC at a dose of 200 ml/100 litre spray mixture versus the equivalent dose of the latter product used alone (compare treatment nos. 3 and 11).
  • Rambo SCTM and Nontox-silica in combination Nontox-silica positively contributed towards disease control when added to Rambo SCTM as a tank mix (compare treatments 2 and 4 versus treatments 7 and 8).
  • Nontox-silica at the given doses is added to Rambo SCTM, indications are that the Rambo SCTM dose rate can be reduced by up to about 50%.
  • Example 2 Preventative control (i.e. pre-infection treatment) of Leveillula taurica
  • Nontox-silica used alone performed poorly on disease assessment, but equally to the standard copper treatment (Tables 4 and 5)
  • Rambo SCTM + Nontox-silica This showed excellent control of Leveillula taurica. (Table 4). The assessment on crop defoliation confirms the infection assessment (Table 5). This combination treatment again resulted in foliage with a distinct darker green colour.
  • VegardTM This plant extract performed slightly better than the standard copper treatment, both when used alone and in tank mixes with Nontox-silica. Comparing defoliation figures in Table 5, Vegard, when added to Nontox-silica, assisted in reducing the fungi population compared to Nontox-silica used alone.
  • Nontox- silica-treated plants had a lower degree of damage than the untreated plants, the standard copper-treated plants and the VegardTM-treated plants. Available daylight to assess this phenomenon limited the evaluation to two treatments only, i.e. Rambo SCTM/Nontox-silica combination versus untreated plants.
  • VegardTM shows activity against L taurica, especially in combination with Nontox-silica.
  • Example 3 Corrective control (i.e. post-infection treatment) of Leveillula taurica infection (powdery mildew) of green peppers
  • Green pepper plants that had been grown under similar conditions to those in the previous examples were treated with the above compositions in the same manner as previously described.
  • the crop vigour was good, with visible signs of L taurica infection.
  • the crops were full-fruit bearing and first picking had already commenced at the time of the first treatment application (approximately 12 weeks after planting).
  • the crops were treated with a second application 8 days after the first application, and again 15 days after the second application.
  • a defoliation assessment as described above was conducted 16 days after the second application (Table 8) and an efficacy assessment as described above was conducted 13 days after the third application (Table 9).
  • Treatments 7 and 8 Copper oxychloride and Nontox-silica, and NTS alone, rendered unacceptable control of Leveillula taurica under the given trial conditions (Table 9). These results were recorded 13 days after the third application. Comparing these results with the defoliation assessment (Table 8) taken 16 days after the second application, it is clear that some degree of control was achieved with both NTS and the mixture of NTS and copper oxychloride. This comparison indicates that the spray interval between the second and third applications was too long for NTS and copper oxychloride. The results also show that the protection of leaves by NTS and copper oxychloride, under given severe disease pressure, is less successful compared with Rambo SCTM and Rambo SCTM/NTS combinations.
  • Rambo SCTM used alone A dose response was again shown (compare treatment nos. 1 to 3).
  • Rambo SCTM + Nontox-silica in tankmix Again, the dose response of Rambo SCTM is shown. The trend appears to be that the addition of Nontox-silica to Rambo SCTM increases the disease control level of a given Rambo SCTMdose.
  • contact action fungicides show the need for shorter spray intervals than systemic action fungicides, compared to the action of the fungicides without the addition of the silcon compound.
  • Rambo SCTM as a systemic fungicide, on its own and as a mixture with Nontox-silica, performed much better than copper oxychloride.
  • the most cost- effective dose rate appears to be 150 ml/100 litre spray mixture.
  • the Nontox- silica dose appears to be 200 ml/100 litre spray mixture (pending food residue studies and pre-harvest intervals).
  • Rambo Soluble Concentrate
  • NTS (crystaline powder) contains 200 g/kg silica oxide
  • Cu oxychloride (wettable powder) contains 850 g/kg copper
  • Example 4 Corrective control (i.e. post-infection treatment) of Actinonema rosae infection (black spot) of roses
  • Table 12 Compositions used in treating rose plants
  • a second application was executed on two weeks later. Foliar application was performed with motorised high volume applicator and plants were wetted to point of runoff. Spray volume was approx. 500 I/ha. Three replicates per treatment were used. Each replicate was 25 sq. meter with untreated guard rows between treated plots. Assessments were done 26 days after the second application. A defoliation assessment appears in Table 13. A disease index assessment appears in Table 14.
  • Example 6 Control of Cercospora zeae-maydis infection (grey leaf spot) of maize
  • Table 20 Compositions used in treating potatoes/tomatoes
  • Table 21 Efficacy expressed as percentage infestation of Alternaria solani infection (Early blight) of tomatoes. (10 plants/plot) 2 days after 3 nd application

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
  • Plant Pathology (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Dentistry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne une composition ou une combinaison d'au moins deux composés destinée à traiter ou à prévenir l'infection d'une plante par un ennemi des cultures, la composition ou la combinaison incluant du silicium ou une silice, un silicate, un de leur dérivés ou de leurs sels et un fongicide. Les exemples de fongicides appropriés incluent les composés de benzimidazole, de triazole, de cuivre, de dichlorophène, de chlorothalonil et de strobilurine, et leurs combinaisons. Le composé de silicium et le ou les fongicides de la composition peuvent soit être vendus ensemble dans des récipients séparés avec des instructions de mélangeage, soit être mélangés et vendus sous la forme d'une composition préparée avant la vente. Autrement, le composé de silicium et le ou les fongicides peuvent être vendus indépendamment les uns des autres, auquel cas ils peuvent être mélangés pour former la composition peu avant l'administration aux plantes ou ils peuvent être administrés consécutivement.
PCT/IB2006/003493 2005-12-07 2006-12-06 Combinaisons pesticides WO2007066208A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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ZA2005/09934 2005-12-07
ZA200509934 2005-12-07

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WO2007066208A1 true WO2007066208A1 (fr) 2007-06-14

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103461345A (zh) * 2013-08-21 2013-12-25 池州市贵池区生产力促进中心 一种防治水稻稻曲病的药肥及其调配方法和喷洒方法
CN103478175A (zh) * 2013-08-21 2014-01-01 池州市贵池区生产力促进中心 一种防治水稻稻曲病的药肥及其调配方法和喷洒方法
CN104920436A (zh) * 2015-06-09 2015-09-23 柳州市天姿园艺有限公司 一种防治万带兰叶斑病的组合物

Citations (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4305953A (en) * 1979-04-27 1981-12-15 Chinoin Gyogyszer Es Vegyeszeti Termekek Gyara Rt Synergistic fungicidal compositions
GB2099302A (en) * 1981-05-22 1982-12-08 Pan Britannica Ind Ltd Fungicide preparation
US4593040A (en) * 1981-06-25 1986-06-03 Veb Berlin-Chemie Compositions for combatting phytopathogenical fungi and bacteria employing mixtures of benzyl phenol derivatives and carbendazin
GB2199749A (en) * 1987-01-14 1988-07-20 Sandoz Ltd Use of fungicides to combat pruning wound diseases
EP0420497A1 (fr) * 1989-09-21 1991-04-03 E.I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Stabilisation de suspensions non-aqueuses
WO1993021763A1 (fr) * 1992-04-28 1993-11-11 E.I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Gel reversible destine a l'agriculture et formulations en pate
WO1996003871A1 (fr) * 1994-08-03 1996-02-15 Zeneca Limited Formulation de gel
DE19959510A1 (de) * 1999-12-10 2001-07-19 Alexander Burkhart Pflanzenbehandlungsmittel
WO2003026421A1 (fr) * 2001-09-27 2003-04-03 Monsanto Technology, Llc Compositions fongicides et applications correspondantes dans l'agriculture
US20030099680A1 (en) * 2001-11-27 2003-05-29 Gem Of The North Pty Ltd. Pesticide composition containing finely ground amorphous silica
WO2003101915A1 (fr) * 2002-05-31 2003-12-11 Sabalo N.V. Solution aqueuse d'acide silicique non colloidal et d'acide borique
FR2859601A1 (fr) * 2003-09-16 2005-03-18 Solvay Suspension aqueuse parasiticide

Patent Citations (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4305953A (en) * 1979-04-27 1981-12-15 Chinoin Gyogyszer Es Vegyeszeti Termekek Gyara Rt Synergistic fungicidal compositions
GB2099302A (en) * 1981-05-22 1982-12-08 Pan Britannica Ind Ltd Fungicide preparation
US4593040A (en) * 1981-06-25 1986-06-03 Veb Berlin-Chemie Compositions for combatting phytopathogenical fungi and bacteria employing mixtures of benzyl phenol derivatives and carbendazin
GB2199749A (en) * 1987-01-14 1988-07-20 Sandoz Ltd Use of fungicides to combat pruning wound diseases
EP0420497A1 (fr) * 1989-09-21 1991-04-03 E.I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Stabilisation de suspensions non-aqueuses
WO1993021763A1 (fr) * 1992-04-28 1993-11-11 E.I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Gel reversible destine a l'agriculture et formulations en pate
WO1996003871A1 (fr) * 1994-08-03 1996-02-15 Zeneca Limited Formulation de gel
DE19959510A1 (de) * 1999-12-10 2001-07-19 Alexander Burkhart Pflanzenbehandlungsmittel
WO2003026421A1 (fr) * 2001-09-27 2003-04-03 Monsanto Technology, Llc Compositions fongicides et applications correspondantes dans l'agriculture
US20030099680A1 (en) * 2001-11-27 2003-05-29 Gem Of The North Pty Ltd. Pesticide composition containing finely ground amorphous silica
WO2003101915A1 (fr) * 2002-05-31 2003-12-11 Sabalo N.V. Solution aqueuse d'acide silicique non colloidal et d'acide borique
FR2859601A1 (fr) * 2003-09-16 2005-03-18 Solvay Suspension aqueuse parasiticide

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103461345A (zh) * 2013-08-21 2013-12-25 池州市贵池区生产力促进中心 一种防治水稻稻曲病的药肥及其调配方法和喷洒方法
CN103478175A (zh) * 2013-08-21 2014-01-01 池州市贵池区生产力促进中心 一种防治水稻稻曲病的药肥及其调配方法和喷洒方法
CN104920436A (zh) * 2015-06-09 2015-09-23 柳州市天姿园艺有限公司 一种防治万带兰叶斑病的组合物

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