WO2007065272A1 - Systemes et procedes d'attribution de ressources - Google Patents

Systemes et procedes d'attribution de ressources Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2007065272A1
WO2007065272A1 PCT/CA2006/002007 CA2006002007W WO2007065272A1 WO 2007065272 A1 WO2007065272 A1 WO 2007065272A1 CA 2006002007 W CA2006002007 W CA 2006002007W WO 2007065272 A1 WO2007065272 A1 WO 2007065272A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
assignment
resource
resources
schedule
index
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PCT/CA2006/002007
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English (en)
Inventor
Hang Zhang
Mohammadhadi Baligh
Mo-Han Fong
Dongsheng Yu
Sophie Vrzic
Jun Li
Wen Tong
Curt Dodd
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Nortel Networks Limited
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Priority to US12/086,254 priority Critical patent/US8891457B2/en
Publication of WO2007065272A1 publication Critical patent/WO2007065272A1/fr

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W72/00—Local resource management
    • H04W72/12—Wireless traffic scheduling
    • H04W72/1263—Mapping of traffic onto schedule, e.g. scheduled allocation or multiplexing of flows
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/004—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using forward error control
    • H04L1/0041—Arrangements at the transmitter end
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/004—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using forward error control
    • H04L1/0045—Arrangements at the receiver end
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/12—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using return channel
    • H04L1/16—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using return channel in which the return channel carries supervisory signals, e.g. repetition request signals
    • H04L1/18—Automatic repetition systems, e.g. Van Duuren systems
    • H04L1/1825—Adaptation of specific ARQ protocol parameters according to transmission conditions
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/12—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using return channel
    • H04L1/16—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using return channel in which the return channel carries supervisory signals, e.g. repetition request signals
    • H04L1/18—Automatic repetition systems, e.g. Van Duuren systems
    • H04L1/1867—Arrangements specially adapted for the transmitter end
    • H04L1/1896—ARQ related signaling
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L5/00—Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
    • H04L5/0091—Signaling for the administration of the divided path
    • H04L5/0092—Indication of how the channel is divided
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W72/00—Local resource management
    • H04W72/20—Control channels or signalling for resource management
    • H04W72/23—Control channels or signalling for resource management in the downlink direction of a wireless link, i.e. towards a terminal
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/0001—Systems modifying transmission characteristics according to link quality, e.g. power backoff
    • H04L1/0015—Systems modifying transmission characteristics according to link quality, e.g. power backoff characterised by the adaptation strategy
    • H04L1/0016—Systems modifying transmission characteristics according to link quality, e.g. power backoff characterised by the adaptation strategy involving special memory structures, e.g. look-up tables
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/02—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by diversity reception
    • H04L1/06—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by diversity reception using space diversity
    • H04L1/0618—Space-time coding
    • H04L1/0637—Properties of the code
    • H04L1/0656—Cyclotomic systems, e.g. Bell Labs Layered Space-Time [BLAST]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/12—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using return channel
    • H04L1/16—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using return channel in which the return channel carries supervisory signals, e.g. repetition request signals
    • H04L1/18—Automatic repetition systems, e.g. Van Duuren systems
    • H04L1/1812—Hybrid protocols; Hybrid automatic repeat request [HARQ]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/12—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using return channel
    • H04L1/16—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using return channel in which the return channel carries supervisory signals, e.g. repetition request signals
    • H04L1/18—Automatic repetition systems, e.g. Van Duuren systems
    • H04L1/1867—Arrangements specially adapted for the transmitter end
    • H04L1/1887—Scheduling and prioritising arrangements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W28/00—Network traffic management; Network resource management
    • H04W28/02—Traffic management, e.g. flow control or congestion control
    • H04W28/04—Error control
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W72/00—Local resource management
    • H04W72/04—Wireless resource allocation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W72/00—Local resource management
    • H04W72/20—Control channels or signalling for resource management
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W72/00—Local resource management
    • H04W72/50—Allocation or scheduling criteria for wireless resources
    • H04W72/56—Allocation or scheduling criteria for wireless resources based on priority criteria
    • H04W72/563—Allocation or scheduling criteria for wireless resources based on priority criteria of the wireless resources

Definitions

  • the present invention generally relates to the field of resource assignment, such as for assigning
  • orthogonal frequency division multiplexing OPDM
  • Orthogonal frequency division multiplexing is a form of multiplexing that distributes data over a number of carriers that have a very precise spacing in the frequency domain.
  • the precise spacing of the carriers provides several benefits such as high spectral efficiency, resiliency to radio frequency interference and lower multi- path distortion- Due to its beneficial properties and superior performance in multi-path fading wireless channels, OFDM has been identified as a useful technique in the area of high data-rate wireless communication, for example wireless metropolitan area networks (MANs) .
  • MANs wireless metropolitan area networks
  • Wireless MANs are networks to be implemented over an air interface for fixed, portable, and mobile broadband access systems .
  • a transmission resource used by a base station for transmission to a mobile Btation may be assigned as a number of basic access units (BAUs) .
  • BAUs basic access units
  • the size of BAUs needs to be relatively small.
  • the result is a large number of BAUs within in a slot and, correspondingly, a large amount of resource assignment overhead.
  • a method to assign resources comprising; associating an assignment schedule index with each of a plurality of assignment schedules, at least on& of the plurality of assignment schedules containing multiple resource assignments;
  • determining a number of resources to be assigned to each of at least one mobile station determining an assignment schedule based on the number of resources assigned to each of the at least one mobile station; determining the
  • assignment schedule index associated with the determined assignment schedule; and transmitting the assignment schedule index.
  • the resources are orthogonal frequency division multiplexing resources.
  • associating comprises generating the assignment schedule indices, such that no two aasignment schedule indices are identical for the plurality of assignment schedules.
  • associating comprises generating the assignment schedule indices, such that at least two assignment schedules are associated with a same assignment schedule index.
  • the method further comprises transmitting an indicator of a number of mobile stations being assigned resources and a respective mobile station identifier for each of the at: least one mobile station.
  • the at least one of the plurality of assignment schedules containing multiple resource assignments comprises combinations of the number of resources assigned to each of the at least one mobile station without regard to an order of the assigned
  • the at least one of the plurality of assignment schedules containing multiple resource assignments comprises permutations of the number of resources assigned to each of the at least one mobile station.
  • the method further comprises transmitting a bitmap for identifying which resources are assigned and which resources are not assigned.
  • assigning resources further comprises using a resource assignment granularity selected from a plurality of resource assignment granularities, the method further comprising transmitting an indicator of che resource assignment granularity.
  • determining the assignment schedule index associated with the determined assignment schedule comprises using a table for looking up the
  • using a table comprises using a table consisting of a sub-set of the assignment schedule indices associated with a sub-set of the assignment
  • the step of associating an assignment schedule index further comprises using a
  • the step of associating an assignment schedule index comprises using an algorithm to determine the assignment schedule index based on the assignment schedule, if the number of mobile stations and the number of N resources is less than a predetermined number .
  • the step of associating an assignment schedule index further comprises deriving the indices using rules.
  • respective assignment schedule indices are associated with each of a plurality of sub-sets of the assignment schedules, such that no two assignment schedule indices are identical for two assignment schedules .
  • determining the assignment schedule index associated with the determined assignment schedule comprises using an algorithm based on a table of a number of possible combination assignment schedules for various numbers of resources and various numbers of mobile stations .
  • L ⁇ M,N ⁇ L(N-I, M-l ⁇ + L(N-M, M ⁇ for 1 ⁇ M ⁇ N; wherein L is a number of possible combination assignment schedules for M mobile stations and N resources.
  • a base station adapted to implement the above embodiments .
  • a base station comprising: an encoder operable to-, associate an assignment schedule index with each of a plurality of assignment schedules, at least one of the plurality of assignment schedules containing multiple resource
  • a mobile station to ba assigned resources comprising:
  • the resources are orthogonal frequency division multiplexing resources.
  • associating comprises generating the assignment schedule indices, such that no two assignment schedule indices are identical for the plurality of assignment schedules .
  • associating comprises generating the assignment schedule indices, such that at least two assignment schedules are associated with a same assignment schedule index.
  • the method further comprises receiving an indicator of a number of mobile stations being assigned resources and a respective mobile station
  • the at least one of the plurality of assignment schedules containing multiple resource assignments comprises combinations of the number of resources assigned to each of the at least one mobile station without regard to an order of the assigned
  • the at least one of the plurality of assignment schedules containing multiple resource assignments comprises permutations of the number of resources assigned to each of the at least one mobile station.
  • the method further comprises receiving a bitmap for identifying which resources are assigned and which resources are not assigned.
  • the method further comprises receiving an indicator of a resource assignment granularity- selected from a plurality of resource assignment
  • determining the assignment schedule associated with the received assignment schedule index comprises using a table for looking up the assignment schedule based on the received assignment schedule index.
  • using a table comprises using a table consisting of a sub-set of the assignment schedule indices associated with a sub-set of the assignment
  • the step of associating an assignment schedule index further comprises using a
  • the step of associating an assignment schedule index comprises using an algorithm to determine the assignment schedule index based on the assignment schedule, if the number of mobile stations and the number of N resources is less than a predetermined number.
  • the step of associating an assignment schedule index further comprises deriving the indices using rules.
  • respective assignment schedule indices are associated with each of a plurality of sub-sets of the assignment schedules, such that no two assignment schedule indices are identical for two assignment schedules ,
  • determining the assignment schedule associated with the received assignment schedule index comprises using an algorithm based on a table of a number of possible combination assignment schedules for various numbers of resources and various numbers of mobile stations .
  • the table has the following properties:
  • L is a number of possible combination assignment schedules for M mobile stations and N resources.
  • a mobile station adapted to implement the above method.
  • a mobile station comprising: a receiver for receiving an assignment schedule index; decoder operable to: associate an assignment schedule index with each of a plurality of assignment schedules, at least one of the plurality of assignment schedules containing multiple resource assignments;
  • a method to assign resources to mobile stations comprising: assigning resources using a plurality of resource assignment blocks, wherein each assignment block is of a plurality of available types, wherein, each type indicates transmitting using a respective unique set of one or more of the following characteristics; original transmission, retransmission, persistent assignment, non-persistent assignment, HARQ signaling, RAS-HARQ signaling, DRCH assignment, and LRCH assignment; and transmitting at least one of the plurality of resource assignment blocks.
  • the resources are orthogonal frequency division multiplexing resources.
  • the assignment block is selected from a group comprising of the following: a persistent with synchronous hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) resource assignment block, containing a type field and information content fields, the information content fields indicating a number of assignments, and for each mobile station being assigned resources a mobile station identifier, a modulation coding set, a distributed resource channel (DRCH) start index, a number of DRCHs, and a supplementary resource indicator; a persistent with resource adaptive synchronous (RAS)-HARQ resource assignment block, containing a type field and information content fields, the information content fields indicating a number of
  • HARQ synchronous hybrid automatic repeat request
  • the information content field indicating a start DRCH index, a number of DRCHs, a number of assignments, an assignment schedule index, and for each mobile station, a mobile station identifier, and a
  • modulation coding set a non-persistent with RAS-HARQ resource assignment block, containing a type field and information content fields, the information content fields indicating a number of assignments, and for each mobile station, a mobile station identifier, a modulation coding set, a DRCH start index, a number of DRCHa, and a new packet identifier; a persistent with synchronous HARQ resource de- assignment block, containing a type field and an information content field, the information content field indicating a mobile station xdentifier for de-assignment; a persistent with RAS-HARQ resource de-assignment block, containing a type field and an information content field, the information content field indicating a resource allocation bitmap for de-assigning resources; a HARQ retransmission assignment block for persistent with RAS-HARQ, containing a type field and information content fields, the information content field indicating a DRCH start index, a first HARQ bitmap, a first DRCH
  • the one of the plurality of assignment blocks indicates persistent resource assignment and de-assignment using synchronous hybrid automatic repeat- request (HARQ) signaling, wherein the base station assigns a same persistent resource for both a first transmission and subsequent HARQ retransmissions.
  • HARQ synchronous hybrid automatic repeat- request
  • the one of the plurality of assignment blocks is used on a distributed resource channel (DRCH) .
  • the one of the plurality of assignment blocks indicates one of the following: initial persistent resource assignment, supplementary assignment to an already assigned persistent resource, and de-assignment of an existing persistent resource.
  • used resources which result from retransmission being unnecessary in locations of those resources are used for other transmissions.
  • the one of the plurality of assignment blocks indicates persistent resource assignment and de-assignment using resource adaptive synchronous hybrid automatic repeat-request (RAS-HARQ) signaling, wherein the base station assigns a resource for the first transmission and a different resource for retransmissions.
  • RAS-HARQ resource adaptive synchronous hybrid automatic repeat-request
  • the one of the plurality of assignment blocks is used on a distributed resource channel (DRCH) .
  • DRCH distributed resource channel
  • the one of the plurality of assignment blocks indicates one of the following: initial persistent resource assignment, supplementary assignment to an already assigned persistent resource, de-assignment of an existing persistent resource, and HARQ retransmission resource assignment .
  • used resources which result from retransmission being unnecessary in locations of those resources are used for other transmissions.
  • the one of the plurality of assignment blocks indicates non-persistent resource
  • RAS-HARQ resource adaptive synchronous hybrid automatic repeat-request
  • the one of the plurality of assignment blocks is used on a distributed resource channel. In some embodiments, the one of the plurality of assignment blocks uses an assignment schedule index if the resource is contiguous with other resources in a group of resources being assigned.
  • the one of the plurality of assignment blocks is a non-persistent with RAS-HARQ resource allocation block compressed format (NPR-RAB-C) .
  • the one of the plurality of assignment blocks uses an assignment schedule index if the resource is not contiguous with other resources in a group of resources being assigned.
  • the one of the plurality of assignment blocks is a non-persiatent with RAS-HARQ resource allocation block. In some embodiments, the one of the plurality of assignment blocks indicates a non-persistent resource assignment using resource adaptive synchronous hybrid automatic repeat -request signaling, wherein the mobile station is assigned a resource for a first transmission and subsequent transmissions do not require signaling,
  • the one of the plurality of assignment blocks is used on a localized resource channel.
  • the method further comprises: receiving feedback using an at least three state feedback channel .
  • a first state represents an acknowledgment to acknowledge correct reception of a traffic packet
  • a second state represents a negative-acknowledgment to indicate whether a traffic packet is in error and whether no traffic packet is received
  • a third state represents an acknowledgment for acknowledging correct receipt of any one of the following: the persistent with RAS-HARQ resource assignment block, the persistent with RAS-HAHQ resource de- assignment block, or the HARQ retransmission assignment block for persistent with RAS-HARQ.
  • Figure 1 ia a flow diagram of a method for a base station to assign resources,-
  • FIG. 2 ie a schematic diagram of example assignments of IS basic access units (BAUs) by a base station to three mobile stations,-
  • BAUs basic access units
  • Figure 3A is a table listing assignment schedules of various assignments to one, two and three mobile stations (and more specifically listing only assignment schedules without regard to alternative ordering of assignments) ;
  • Figures 3B and 3C are tables that differ from Figure 3A by the addition of assignment schedule indices;
  • Figures 4A and 4B are schematic diagrams of example assignments of diversity channel resources that may be transmitted using an assignment schedule index,-
  • Figure 5A is a schematic diagram of example assignments of sub-band channel resources that may be transmitted using an assignment schedule index
  • Figure 5B is a table listing assignment schedules and their respective assignment schedule indices for use with Figure 5A,-
  • Figure 6A is a plot of the number of possible assignment schedules for various numbers of mobile stations ?
  • Figure 6B is a plot of the maximum number of assignments for various numbers of BAUs
  • Figure 6C is a plot of the maximum size of an assignment schedule index for various numbers of BAUs ;
  • Figure 7A is a look-up table that differs from Figure 3B by the use of bold font to emphasize a sub-set of assignment schedules and their respective assignment schedule indices,-
  • Figure 7B is a look-up table that differs from Figure 7A such that Figure 7B contains only the emphasized sub- set of Figure 7A;
  • Figures SA, 8B, QC 1 and 8D depict example comparisons of resource assignment overhead for assigning resources using assignment schedule indices;
  • Figure 9 is a table of example modulation and coding parameters that may be transmitted using an
  • Figures IOA and IDB are example algorithms for generating a look-up table of assignment schedules and their respective assignment schedule indices
  • Figure 11 is a look-up table of the number of possible assignment schedules for various numbers of BAUs and mobile stations
  • Figure 12 is an example algorithm for generating the look-up table of Figure 11;
  • Figure 13 is an example flow diagram illustrating an encoding process used by the base station for generating an assignment schedule index based on an assignment
  • Figure 14A is an example of calculations performed an the encoding process of Figure 13
  • Figure 14B is an example algorithm implementing the encoding process of Figure 13
  • Figure 15 is a flow diagram of a method for a mobile station to be assigned resources
  • Figure 16 is an example flow diagram illustrating a decoding process used by a mobile station for recovering the assignment schedule based on the assignment schedule index
  • Figure 17A is an example of calculations performed in the decoding process of Figure 16.
  • Figure 17B is an example algorithm implementing the decoding process of Figure 16;
  • Figure 18 is an example listing of the number of bits required to store the look-up table of Figure Ii
  • Figure 19 is an example listing of maximum number of bits required to represent an assignment schedule index for various numbers of BAUs ;
  • Figure 20 is a flow diagram of a method for a base station to assign resources to mobile stations using assignment blocks ;
  • Figure 21 is a table of types of resource assignment blocks for transmitting resource assignments
  • Figure 22 depicts resource allocation diagrams for a persistent with synchronous hybrid automatic repeat:
  • HARQ resource assignment and de-assignment scheme
  • Figure 23 depicts resource allocation diagrams for a persistent resource adaptive synchronous (RAS) -HARQ resource assignment and de-assignment scheme
  • Figure 24 is a table defining persistent with synchronous HARQ resource assignment black
  • Figure 25 is a table defining a persistent; with RAS-H ⁇ RQ resource assignment block;
  • Figure 26 is a table defining a non-persistent with RAS-HARQ resource assignment block compressed format;
  • Figure 27 is a table defining a non-persistent with RAS-HARQ resource assignment block
  • Figure 23 is a table defining a persistent with synchronous HARQ resource de-assignment block
  • Figure 29 is a table defining a persistent with RAS-HARQ resource de-assignment block
  • Figure 30 is a table defining a HARQ
  • Figure 31 is a table defining a HARQ
  • Figure 32 is a table defining a. localized resource channel (1,RCH) resource assignment block
  • Figure 33 depicts a cellular network
  • Figure 34 depicts a high level overview of a base station configured according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 35 depicts a high level overview of a mobile station configured according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 36 depicts a logical OFDM transmission architecture
  • Figure 37 depicts logical OFDM receiving architecture? and Figure 38 depicts an exemplary scattering of pilot symbols among available sub-carriers.
  • BAUs When allocating resources for OFDM transmission, a number of BAUs are available to be assigned by a baae station for transmission to or from mobile stations.
  • BAUs may refer to tiitieslots, frequency bands, or orthogonal codes. They may refer to OFDM sub-carriers or sub-band channel resources. They tnay be mixed sub-band channel and diveraity channel resources, or purely diversity channel resources, using channels with different characteristics, such as space, frequency, time, and/or polarization, to combat fading and interference.
  • a two dimensional resource (time x frequency) is available.
  • code spreading can be used to provide a third dimension.
  • the BAU is the basic unit of allocation and is defined on an implementation specific basis. The methods and systems defined herein do not depend on a particular definition.
  • Figure 1 is a flow diagram of a method for a base station to assign resources.
  • an assignment schedule index is associated with each of a plurality of assignment schedules, at least one of the plurality of assignment schedules containing multiple resource
  • a number of resources to be assigned to each of at least one mobile station is
  • an assignment schedule based on the number of resources assigned to each of the at least one mobile station is determined.
  • the assignment schedule index associated with the determined assignment schedule is determined.
  • the assignment schedule index is transmitted.
  • a base station determines an assignment schedule W based on the number N of available BAUs and the number M of mobile stations.
  • Ii (w ly w 2 ,...,w M ]
  • wi + w 2 + ... w M N.
  • FIG. 2 This is depicted in Figure 2, where two BAUe 120 are assigned to a first mobile station, three BAUs 130 are assigned to a second mobile station, and eleven BAUs 140 are assigned to a third mobile station.
  • the available BAUs are illustrated as a set of boxes. This is a logical depiction and does not imply any structure in the BAUs .
  • Figure 3A is a table of possible assignment schedules for assigning 16 BAUs to one mobile station, two mobile
  • the base station defines assignment schedules without regard to alternative ordering of assignments.
  • assignment schedules are referred to as combination assignment schedules. They include an assignment schedule for scheduling assignments in one order, but not assignment schedules for scheduling the same assignments in a different order. For example, the
  • assignment schedules defined in the third column include [2,3,11], but not [3,2,11], [3,11,2], [11,2,3], and
  • the base station may determine assignment schedules other than combination assignment schedules.
  • BAUs are assigned on a fully loaded basis, such that all of the BAUs are assigned to mobile stations.
  • chey are assigned on a non-fully loaded basis, such that fewer than all of the available BAUs are assigned to mobile stations.
  • one assignment schedule for scheduling assignments may include che same assignments in a different order as those of another assignment schedule.
  • Such assignment schedules referred to as permutation assignment schedules, include assignment schedules having different ordering, or different permutations, of the same assignments. For instance,
  • [2,3,11], [3,2,11], [3,11,2], [11,2,3], and [11,3,2] are different permutations of the assignments of two BAUs, three BAUs and eleven BAUB.
  • the base station determines an assignment schedule index associated with the determined assignment schedule .
  • the assignment schedule index can be transmitted by the base station to mobile station, instead of the assignment schedule to assign resources, thus reducing resource assignment overhead.
  • Each assignment schedule is associated with an assignment schedule index
  • a base station may use a look-up table to find the assignment schedule index based on the assignment schedule.
  • the table lists an assignment schedule index associated with each of at least some of a plurality of assignment schedules containing multiple resource assignments.
  • the look-up table is stored at the base station and at the mobile stations. However, it may be stored elsewhere or generate.
  • the assignment schedules may be indexed according to any of a number of indexing schemes.
  • the assignment schedules in a look-up table are indexed according to a universal indexing a ⁇ hsme, where all assignment schedules are indexed with a single indexing. No two assignment schedule indices are identical for the plurality of assignment schedules. This may, for example, proceed according to the number M of mobile stations. In this case, assignment schedules for a given number M mobile stations have assignment schedule indices chat follow in sequence those associated with the last assignment schedule for M-I mobile stations. Moreover, no two assignment schedules are associated with the same assignment schedule index.
  • the assignment schedule indices may have a fixed size, as assignment schedule indices under the universal indexing scheme increase m sequence for each additional mobile station to be assigned resources.
  • the indexing continues with index '9'.
  • the assignment schedules m a look-up table are indexed according to an independent indexing scheme, where each assignment schedule is indexed independently for each number M of mobile stations.
  • Assignment schedules for M mobile stations may reuse the assignment schedule indices associated with the assignment schedules for M-I mobile stations. At least two assignment schedules are associated with a same assignment schedule index. Two assignment schedules may be associated with the same assignment schedule index.
  • the assignment schedule indices may have a variable size, as assignment schedule indices under the independent indexing scheme are reused for each additional mobile station to be assigned resources.
  • assignment schedule [1,15] is associated with index *0'; assignment schedule [2,14] ie associated with index 1 I'; and so on up to index 1 T .
  • the indexing starts from index 1 O'.
  • assignment schedules may be indexed according to other indexing schemes.
  • assignment schedules are indexed starting from an index other than 1 O' .
  • the index is found in a larger look-up table listing assignment schedules for assigning BAUs to more than three mobile stations. After the index is associated with the assignment schedule, the base station transmits the assignment schedule index to the mobile stations.
  • the base station also transmits identification data, such as a mobile station identifier, as described below. Transmitting the index instead of the assignment schedule itself may decrease resource assignment overhead.
  • the base station transmits the assignment schedule index and mobile station identifiers for each mobile station being scheduled, from which each mobile station can recover the assignment schedule.
  • the base station transmits the assignment schedule index and mobile station identifiers, from which the mobile station can recover the assignment schedule.
  • additional resource assignment overhead may result.
  • the base station transmits the assignment schedule index, a number M of mobile stations, and M mobile station identifiers. For example, for assignment schedules indexed according to the
  • the mobile station may deduce the number M of mobile stations from the number of mobile station identifiers transmitted- Based on the assignment schedule index and M, it further deduces the assignment schedule . Based on the assignment schedule and its mobile station identifier, the mobile station determines how many BAUs are assigned to it .
  • the base station may use any one of a number of assignment schedules and indexing schemes that is selected on a BAU-specific basis. For example, if two different BAU schemes are defined, they may use
  • a total of 16 BAUs are assigned to two mobile stations on a non-fully loaded basis.
  • Three BAUs are assigned for non-use (to a "null" mobile station)
  • six BAUs are assigned to a first mobile station
  • seven BAUs are assigned to a aecond mobile station.
  • the first mobile station identifier is a "null" identifier that does not correspond to any actual mobile station.
  • the number of mobile stations, the assignment schedule index and the mobile station identifiers may be transmitted in different orders, such as transmitting the mobile station identifiers before the assignment schedule index for power saving purposes .
  • the number M of available BAUs may change over time slowly or dynamically. In this case, the assignment schedule index is adjusted accordingly when required.
  • the BAUs are constructed from sub-band channel resources, and indexing is performed on a per- ⁇ ub-band basis.
  • Figure 5A is a schematic diagram of example assignments of such BAUs. Eight sub-bands are shown, each having four BAUs, such as BAU 418.
  • Figure 5a shows an example of assignment schedules for a set of four BAUs that can be applied on a per-sub-band basis in allocating the resources of Figure SA.
  • Figure 5A shows a number of sub- band BAUs 460 that are not allocated. Diversity, sub- channels can be defined and allocated using these resources.
  • the base station After determining for each sub-band an assignment schedule index associated with a determined assignment schedule, the base station transmits the assignment schedule index.
  • the base station transmits a bitmap to indicate which BAUs are not assigned to any mobile stations and. which are assigned to mobile stations.
  • the bitmap may be a series of bits.
  • the combination [1,3] is associated with index ⁇ l' ⁇ 001 in binary) , in the table of Figure 5B.
  • the bitmap 01 may be used to indicate, by virtue of the o in Oi , that first BAU 418 is empty; and, by virtue of the 1 in 01, that the next three BAUe 422 are assigned, As such, the base station transmits assignment schedule index 1 OOl' and bitmap 1 Ol'.
  • the base station For sub-band 425, where all BAUs are empty, the base station transmits index 1 OOO' and bitmap 1 O'.
  • the base station baaed on assignment schedule [2,2] the base station
  • the baee station may transmit a further bitmap to indicate whether the sub-bands have empty or assigned BAUs, in order to avoid transmitting the assignment schedule index 1 OOO' and bitmap 1 O' whenever a sub-band has empty BAUs.
  • the base station may transmit a sub-band bitmap 1 IOlOIlIl' to indicate that the first, third, fifth, sixth, seventh and eighth sub-bands have assigned BAUs, while the second and fourth aub-bands have empty BAUs.
  • Figure 6B is a plot of the maximum number of assignments for various numbers N of BAUs, where the maximum number can be approximated as (1.488 A N) A 0.8164.
  • Figure 6C is a plot of the maximum size of an assignment schedule index for various numbers N of BAUs, where the maximum size of the combination indices can be approximated as 0.5734 (N 1 ⁇ O.3164) .
  • the number of combination assignment schedules and corresponding maximum size of the assignment schedule index are reduced, by limiting the maximum number of BAUs assigned to a mobile station.
  • a base station may limit it on the basis of data availability and scheduling fairness.
  • the number of combination assignment schedules is reduced by changing an assignment granularity "g" , which represents a common factor in the number of BAUs assigned to all mobile stations intended to receive BAUs in a scheduling interval. This may occur for each scheduling interval, such as at the beginning of a scheduling interval.
  • combination assignment schedules ( [2 14] , [4 S] , [6 10] , [8 S]) .
  • the size of assignment schedule index is reduced.
  • it may be transmitted at appropriate times, for example, ⁇ lowly or dynamically.
  • a mobile station After receiving an assignment schedule index, a mobile station recovers the assignment schedule based on the assignment schedule index.
  • the mobile station uses a look-up table to determine the assignment schedule based on the assignment schedule index.
  • the mobile station might have a different look-up table for each number M of mobile station, for a given number of available BAUs.
  • the total number of eritriea of assignment schedules and their respective assignment schedule indices for different values of N and M may become large.
  • the N BAUs to be assigned to mobile stations are divided into smaller groups of size K, and each group IB index independently.
  • the number K is implementation specific and may be selected Buch that the memory size is reasonable and the maximum resource assignment size is acceptable.
  • a look-up table for the group of K assignments may be generated as follows: the N BAUs are segmented into groups, where each group includes K BAUs. If Che total number N of BAUs is not an integer multiple of K, then there are LL fewer than K BAUs in the last group- LL virtual BAUs are considered to be present, so as to make tha last group appear to include K BAUs.
  • the mobile station which is in the last group m the list of mobile station identifiers understands that the real number of BAUs assigned is actually K-LL.
  • the base station divides the 120 BAUs to be assigned into three groups of K-AO BAUs. It then indexes the assignment schedules of each group
  • the base station determines an assignment schedule index and a set of one or more mobile station identifiers to transmit: for each group. For a combination assignment schedule index, 12 bits can be used to transmit the index for a set of 40 BAUs.
  • a mobile station receiving the transmitted assignment schedule indices determines the assignment schedules from the assignment schedule index transmitted with that mobile station's identifier.
  • the mobile station for certain values of M, where M is small and close to N, the mobile station
  • another scheme for reducing the size of a look-up table uses an algorithm and partial entries in the table.
  • a corresponding saving in physical memory storage space of the mobile station is achieved.
  • the mobile station has a sub-set lookup table, where only particular entries having associated indices; are included.
  • the mobile station receives the index. If it is in the reduced ⁇ ub-set, it deduces the assignment schedule from the look-up table. To obtain the assignment schedules for an assignment schedule index that does not belong to the sub-set, the mobile station uses a recursive algorithm.
  • An example of using a sub-set look-up table will now be described with regard to Figures 7A and 7B .
  • the subset table of Figure 7B differs from full-set table of Figure 7A, such that the sub-set table contains only particular assignment schedules and associated assignment schedule indices.
  • the sub-set table of Figure 7B contains assignment schedules associated with assignment schedule indices 1 O', '7', '13', ⁇ 17', and v 20'.
  • a mobile station stores the sub-set table. On receiving an
  • the mobile station examines the sub-set table. If the
  • another scheme for reducing the aize of a look-up table uses a combination of the first and second schemes described above.
  • another scheme for reducing the size of an allocation index look-up table is provided that uses an algorithm to calculate the value of each element in a combination assignment schedule having M elements, where M equals the number of assignments.
  • a rule may be used to enable a mobile station to calculate the elements in the table using N, M and a combination assignment schedule index i. The rule may be stared or generated.
  • the j-th element in the ith combination of M is denoted as e x M (j) .
  • the .rule is
  • the base station and mobile stations use an assignment schedule index as follows.
  • the base station schedules mobile station traffic for each scheduling interval, and determines a particular resource assignment for the traffic. Based on the resource
  • the base station determines a granularity g.
  • the base station also checks the assignment schedules on a look-up table to determine a combination assignment schedule index. For diversity channel assignment, the base station tranamita the granularity g, the number of assignments M if the independent indexing scheme is used, the mobile station identifier list, and the combination assignment schedule index. For sub-band channel assignment, the base station transmits the granularity g, the combination assignment schedule index, and the bitmap ⁇ r corresponding mobile station identifiers. The mobile station examines information
  • the mobile station checks the mobile station identifier. If the mobile station identifier is included in the mobile station identifier list broadcast by the base station, the mobile station determines the resource
  • .schedule index the activation bitmap, and the mobile station identifiers to determine whether its traffic is scheduled. if its traffic is scheduled, then it checks the look-up table or derives the combination to find its resource assignment.
  • Figure 8A is a table comparing resource assignment overhead using various resource assignment schemes
  • the combination assignment schedule index indicates not only resource assignment, hut also modulation and coding parameters.
  • Figure 9 ia a table of example modulation and coding parameters. For a given number of BAUs to be assigned, the table lists the number of sub-carriers, the code rate, modulation type, and number of information bits that are required to transmit on those BAUs.
  • the base station defines the specific parameters that are to be used to transmit on the number of resources that it is assigning. In defining the packet size, the base station may select modulation and code rates such that the number of sub-carriers for each packet size, at the physical layer of the OSI (open system interconnection) model (PHY) , is an integer multiple of 48 eub-carriers.
  • OSI open system interconnection
  • the base station transmits an assignment schedule index for the given number of BAUs to be assigned.
  • a mobile station also has the table, and on receiving the tranamitted assignment schedule index, che mobile station determines the number of BAUs from the index. Referring to the table, it also determines the parameters required for transmitting on those BAUs. In a specific example, for three available BAUs to be assigned, Figure 9 indicates that 3x43 sub-carriers, a code rate of 1/3, QPSK modulation and 96 information bits are required to transmit on the three BAUs.
  • a base station transmits an assignment schedule index.
  • a mobile station receiving the index determines the number of BAUs that it is assigned based on the index, and determines from the table the parameters that it is to use to transmit or. those three BAUs.
  • the assignment schedule index indicates both resource assignment and PHY parameters at the same time. As a result, the resource assignment overhead to indicate PHY parameters may be removed.
  • the table in Figure 9 indicates that this will be transmitted using a code rate of 3/4, 16- quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) , and a packet size of 1872.
  • Figure 9 is merely an example and that various combinations of coding rates, modulation schemes and data rates may be indexed. Antenna arrangement schemes, such as STTD, SM, and the like, may also be assigned using such a table.
  • those BAUs are transmitted using a corresponding predefined modulation and coding.
  • Figures 1OA and 1OB depict example algorithms for generating a look-up table of combination assignment schedules and their respective combination assignment schedule index.
  • Figure 11 is a look-up table of the number of possible combination assignment schedules for various numbers N of EAUs and M mobile stations. The table is used in an encoding process to obtain an assignment schedule index, or in a decoding process to obtain an assignment schedule. Each number in the m-th column of the n-th row represents the number of possible ways N BAUs can be assigned to M mobile stations. This number of combinations is equal to L, For example, given three mobile stations and IS SAUs, then there are 21 possible scheduling scenarios for allocating the IS BAUs among the three mobile stations.
  • Figure 12 is an example algorithm for generating the look-up table of Figure 11.
  • Figure 13 is an example flow diagram illustrating an encoding process used by the base station for generating an assignment schedule index based on a combination
  • the assignment schedule W along with the number N of BAUs and the number M of mobile stations, are encoded to create a combination assignment schedule index.
  • the encoding process uses the lo ⁇ k-up table, an example of which is Figure 11. Since the encoding procesB is based on the look-up table, the base station will store the look-up table.
  • step 1300 the number of BAUs N 0 , the number of assignments M 0 , and the assignment schedule W are provided.
  • step 1320 is repeated.
  • Figure 14A depicts example calculations performed in the encoding process of Figure 13.
  • an "index" is referred to as a "code” .
  • step 1330
  • M-I is true, so the process ends.
  • FIG. 14B depicts an example algorithm
  • Figure 15 is a method for a mobile station to be assigned resources.
  • an assignment schedule index is associated with each of a plurality of assignment schedules, at least one of the plurality of assignment schedules containing multiple resource assignments .
  • an assignment schedule index is received.
  • the assignment schedule based on the received associated assignment schedule index is determined.
  • a number of resources which the mobile station is assigned based on the determined assignment schedule is determined.
  • Figure 16 is an example flow diagram illustrating a decoding process used by a mobile station for recovering the assignment schedule based on the assignment schedule index.
  • the decoding process recovers W, based on the combinaci ⁇ n assignment schedule index, the number N of BAUs, and the number M of mobile stations.
  • the decoding process uses the look-up table of Figure 11. Since the decoding process ia baaed on the look-up table, the mobile station also stores the look-up table.
  • step 1320 a determination is made as to whether IM -D• If it is, then the process continues with step 1640, otherwise it continues with step 16S0.
  • Step 1640 loops back to step 1S20.
  • Figure 18 is an example of the number of bits required to store at the mobile station the look-up table of Figure Il .
  • Figure 19 indicates a maximum number of bits required to represent an assignment schedule index according to the universal indexing scheme for various numbers of BAUs.
  • the bit values for N-16 correspond to the number of bits for the maximum number of combination assignment schedule indices associated with the combination assignment schedules in the bottom row of Figure IX.
  • Figure 20 is a flow diagram of a method for a base station to assign resources to mobile stations using assignment blocks.
  • resources are assigned using a plurality of resource assignment blocks, wherein each assignment block is of a plurality of available types, wherein each type indicates transmitting using a respective unique set of one or more of the following characteristics: original transmission, retransmission, persistent
  • step 20-2 at least one of the plurality of resource assignment blocks is transmitted.
  • the base station may transmit assignment blocks on a data control channel (DCCH) to mobile stations to
  • DCCH data control channel
  • the base station may indicate a type of BAU a mobile station is being assigned. To do so, the base station transmits an indicator of the type of BAU.
  • the base station may assign BAUs on a distributed resource channel (DRCH) , where BAUa are distributed, and transmit a DRCH bitmap to indicate the assignment.
  • DRCH distributed resource channel
  • Tt may assign BAUs on a localized resource channel (LRCH) , where BAUs are localized, and transmit a LRCH bitmap to indicate the assignment .
  • the DRCH bitmap may be used for a first multiplexing mode by LRCH assigned mobile stations to determine which DRCHs are assigned.
  • the LRCH bitmap may be used for a second multiplexing mode by DRCK assigned mobile stations to determine which LRCHe are assigned.
  • the bitmap may be transmitted in a particular channel, such as DCCHO, which may be a robust DCCH.
  • Multiplexing mode determination at the mobile ⁇ tation is implicit based on a last DRCH index assigned in DCCHO. In this specific example, assignment blocks are transmitted in frames. However, they are not limited to this particular scheme, and other modulation schemes may be used.
  • the last DRCH m a frame as assigned to a user that is signaled by DCCHO. If the last DRCH index is greater than a predetermined threshold, the second multiplexing mode is assumed. Otherwise, the first
  • bitmap and assignment blocks may be transmitted in various arrangements for transmission.
  • the bitmap is arranged at the end of DCCHO after all the assignment blocks. As such, they are arranged as a first assignment block, a second assignment block, and so on, and at the end the bitmap.
  • the bitmap is arranged after an assignment block which assigns DRCH BAUs. Thus, they are arranged as a first assignment block for DRCH assignments, and so on up to an N-th
  • the bitmap may be variable, based implicitly on the first or second multiplexing mode.
  • the base station may use the same arrangement for both multiplexing modea, or may use
  • Assignment blocks may be grouped into four categories: persistent resource assignment and de-assignment using synchronous hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) signaling for DRCH; persistent resource assignment and de- assignment using resource adaptive synchronous (RAS) -HARQ signaling for DRCH; non-persistent resource assignment using RAS-HARQ signaling for DRCH; and non-persistent resource assignment using RAS-HARQ signaling for LRCH.
  • HARQ synchronous hybrid automatic repeat request
  • RAS resource adaptive synchronous
  • Figure 21 lists nine assignment blocks, belonging to these categories, that the base station may transmit to indicate
  • Each assignment block contains a type field which identifies the block; and information content fields identifying resource assignment information.
  • the assignment blocks listed in Figure 21 are: a persistent with synchronous HARQ resource assignment block (PS-RAB)
  • PR-RAB persistent with RAS-HARQ resource assignment block
  • NPR-RAB-C non-persistent with RAS-HARQ resource assignment block compressed format
  • NPR-RAB non-persistent with RAS-HARQ resource assignment block
  • PS-RDB synchronous HARQ resource de-assignment block
  • PR- RDB persistent with RAS-HARQ resource de-assignment block
  • PR-HRAB HARQ retransmission assignment block for persistent with RAS-HARQ
  • LRCH-RAB LRCH resource assignment block
  • Other assignment blocks may be used and associated with a respective type, for example, from 1001 to 1111.
  • FIG. 22 depicts a two dimensional resource assignment, with time in the horizontal direction and BAU in the vertical direction, for a first transmission 2200, a second transmission 2220, and a third transmission 2240 over three consecutive transmission durations.
  • the BAUB that are asaign ⁇ d for transmission are shown using hash marks.
  • a base station assigns a mobile station a same persistent resource for multiple transmissions.
  • BAU 22 ⁇ is assigned persistently to a mobile station.
  • BAU 2260 is used to send data, such as packets, to the mobile station in first transmission 2200 for an initial persistent assignment as well as in second transmission 2220 and third
  • the base station may specifically indicate any of the following by transmitting an assignment block; initial persistent assignment by transmitting PS-RAB 0000; supplementary assignment to the already assigned persistent resource by transmitting PS-RAB 0000; and de-assignment of existing persistent resource de- assignment using synchronous HARQ signaling by transmitting PS-RDB 0100.
  • Time-frequency resource "holes" 22S0 left-over by transmissions, in particular BAUs that are successfully received by the mobile station can be left un-filled or filled by new transmissions using best effort traffic by transmitting non-persistent resource assignment with RAS- HARQ (NPR-RAB) .
  • the second category, persistent resource assignment and de-assignment using resource adaptive synchronous (RAS) -HARQ signaling for DRCH is now described with reference to Figure 23.
  • a base station assigns a mobile station a persistent resource for a first
  • Subsequent HARQ retransmissions 2330 and 23S0 may occur on a fixed time interval, and have the same modulation coding set (MCS) as first transmission 2320, but a different resource than first transmission 2320.
  • MCS modulation coding set
  • the objective is to re-pack the resources into a repacked transmission. 2340 in a manner to ensure un- filled resource are contiguous. This minimizes resource assignment overhead associated with new assignments to best effort users, as new assignments do not use as much location information to assign non-contiguous resources.
  • This scheme also allows "holes" 2380 to be re- filled by other persistent mobile stations .
  • the base station may specifically indicate any of the following by transmitting an assignment block: initial persistent resource assignment with RAS-HARQ by transmitting PR-RAB 0001; a supplementary assignment to the already assigned persistent resource by transmitting PR-RAB 0001; de-assignment of the existing persistent resource by transmitting PR-RDB 0101; and a HARQ retransmission resource assignment by transmitting PR-HRAB 0110.
  • the third category, non-persistent resource assignment using RAS-HARQ signaling for DRCH is now described.
  • the base station assigns a mobile station a non- persistent BAU for the first transmission.
  • Compressed resource indexing using NPR-RAB-C may be used if resources in the frame are contiguous to one another.
  • Un- compressed resource indexing using NPR-RAB may be used if resources in the frame are fragmented from each other.
  • Subsequent HARQ retransmission may occur on a fixed time interval, and have the same MCS as the first transmission, but a different resource than the first transmission.
  • the objective is to re-pack the resources in a manner to ensure un-filled resources are contiguous and to minimize the signaling overhead associated with new assignments to best effort users.
  • the base station may- transmit NPR-HKAB 0111, or transmit NPR-HRAB for a
  • the fourth category, non-persiatent resource assignment using RAS-HARQ signaling for LRCH is now described.
  • the mobile station is assigned a LRCH resource for the first transmission using LRCH-RAB 1000. Subsequent retransmissions can be fully synchronous. As such, no signaling would be required.
  • the RAS may be sent in a retransmission slot to re-assign a LRCH resource for retransmission.
  • Figure 24 is an example of PS-RAB 0000 (persistent with synchronous HARQ resource assignment block) .
  • the block contains a type field to identify the type of assignment block, for example using the binary numbers listed in the first column of Figure 21. It also contains information fieldB, which include the number of assignments.
  • the information fields also include, for each mobile station being assigned resources, a mobile station's MAC
  • MAC ID MAC address
  • MCS modulation coding set
  • DRCH start index a number of DRCHs
  • supplementary resource indicator to identify if the resource assignment is an assignment of a supplementary resource or not
  • the mobile station locates the resource assignment using the DRCH start index and the number of DRCHs .
  • Figure 25 is an example of PR-RAB 0001 (persistent with RAS-HARQ resource assignment block) , Its information fields include a number of assignments and a start DRCH index. Also, for each mobile station, they include it ⁇ MAC ID, a MCS, a DRCH offset index, and a supplementary resource indicator. The mobile station locates the resource
  • Figure 26 is an example of NPR-RAB-C 0010 (non- persistent with RAS-HARQ resource assignment block
  • Its information fields include a start DRCH index, a number of DRCHs, a number of assignments, and an assignment schedule index, such as the combination assignment schedule index described above. They also include, for each mobile station, its MAC ID and a MCS. The mobile station locates the resource assignment using the start DRCH index and the number of DRCHe.
  • Figure 21 is an example of NPR-RAB 0011 (non- persistent with RAS-HARQ resource assignment block) .
  • Its information fields include a number of assignments. They also include, for each mobile station, its MAC ID, a MCS, a DRCH start index, a number of DRCHs, and a new packet identifier. The mobile station locates the resource assignment using the start DRCH index and the number of DRCHs .
  • Figure 28 is an example of PS-RDB 0100 (persistent with synchronous HARQ resource de-assignment block) . Its information fields include a MAC ID from which resources will be de-assigned.
  • Figure 29 is an example of PR-RDB 0101 (persistent with RAS-HARQ resource de-assignment block) . Its
  • information fields include a resource allocation bitmap for de-assigning resources .
  • Figure 30 is an example of PR-HRAB 0110 (HARQ retransmission assignment block for persistent with RAS- HARQ) .
  • Its information fields include a DRCH start index, a first HARQ bitmap, a first DRCH offset index, a second HARQ bitmap, a second DRCH offset index, and a third HARQ bitmap.
  • a HARQ bitmap is referred to as "ACK/NAK Echo" .
  • a HARQ bitmap indicates which mobile stations have retransmission packets for a group of assignments. It also indicates the sequential resource assignment and retransmission packets.
  • HARQ bitmap % n' represents a mobile station grouping of the nth transmission. The mobile station locates the resource assignment using the start DRCH index.
  • Figure 31 is an example of NPR-HRAB 0111 (HARQ retransmission assignment block for non-persistent with RAS- HARQ) . Its information fields include a number of HARQ bitmaps, and for each mobile station, a DRCH start index and a HARQ bitmap.
  • Figure 32 is an example of LRCH-RAB 1000 (LRCH resource assignment block) . Its information fields include a number of assignments and, for each mobile station, its MAC ID, a LRCH resource allocation bitmap, a MCS, and a new packet identifier. The mobile station uses the LRCH resource allocation bitmap to locate resource assignments.
  • the base station uses a three-state RL acknowledgment (ACK) channel to acknowledge reception of traffic and the persistent resource assignment with RAS-HARQ on a given DCCH, for example DCCHO.
  • ACK RL acknowledgment
  • a first state for use on the channel represents an ACK, a second state a NACK (negative acknowledgment) , and a third state an ACK for a particular DCCH channel, such as DCCHO.
  • a '+1' may be used to acknowledge correct reception of traffic packet
  • a 1 O' may be used when a traffic packet is irx error or no traffic packet ie received
  • a '-l' may be used to acknowledge correct receipt of PR- RAB, PR-RDB, or PR-HRAB in DCCHD.
  • a *-i' may also be used to acknowledge correct reception of other signaling sent on the DCCH.
  • Other techniques may be used instead of signaling a '+!', 1 O' or *-i r .
  • the mobile station receives an incorrect traffic packet and an incorrect DCCHO and sends a y 0' .
  • This also applies to the situation where the mobile station does not decode traffic and the DCCHO, and therefore does not realize that there is a DCCHO assignment or traffic destined to it.
  • FIG 33 shows a base station controller (BSC) 3310 which controls wireless communications within multiple cells 3312, which cells are served by corresponding base stations (BS) 3314.
  • BSC base station controller
  • each base station 3314 facilitates communications using OPDM with mobile and/or wireless terminals 3316 (mobile station) , which are within the cell 3312 associated with the corresponding base station 3314.
  • the movement of the mobile terminals 3316 in relation to the base stations 3314 results in significant fluctuation in channel conditions.
  • the base stations 3314 and mobile terminals 331S may include multiple antennas to provide spatial diversity for communications.
  • a high level overview of the mobile terminals 3316 and base stations 3314 upon which aspects of the present invention are implemented ia provided prior to delving into the structural and functional details of the preferred embodiments.
  • the base station 3314 is illustrated.
  • the base station 3314 is illustrated.
  • the base station 3314 is illustrated.
  • the base station 3314 is illustrated.
  • control system 3320 generally includes a control system 3320, an encoder 3321, a baseband processor 3322, transmitter 3324, receiver 3326, multiple antennas 332S, and a network interface 3330.
  • Encoder 3321 is operatively connected to control system 3320 or as part of control system 3320. Encoder 3321 is operable to perform steps 1-1 to 1-4 in the flow diagram of Figure 1. It may associate assignment schedule indices with assignment schedules itself, or- it may access physical storage for a look-up table. It may select an assignment schedule, or it may receive it from another component, such as a scheduler. It may, however, be implemented in other components of base Btation 3314, such as baseband processor 3322.
  • receiver 3326 receives radio frequency signals bearing information from one or more remote transmitters provided by mobile terminals 3316 (illustrated in Figure 33) .
  • a low noise amplifier and a filter may co-operate to amplify and remove broadband interference from the signal for processing.
  • Downconvers ⁇ on and digitization circuitry (not 3hown) will then downconvert the filtered, received signal to an intermediate or baseband frequency signal, which is then digitized into one or more digital streams.
  • the baseband processor 3322 processes the digitized received signal to extract the information or data bits conveyed m the received signal. This processing typically comprises demodulation, decoding, and error correction operations. Aa such, the baseband processor 3322 is generally implemented m one or more digical signal processors (DSPa) or application-specific integrated circuitB (ASICs) .
  • DSPa digical signal processors
  • ASICs application-specific integrated circuitB
  • the received information is then sent across a wireless network, via the network interface 3330 or transmitted to another mobile terminal 3316 serviced by the base station 3314.
  • the baseband processor 3322 receives digitized data, which may represent voice, data, or control information, from the network interface 3330 under the control of control system 3320, and encodes the data for transmission. The encoded data is output to the
  • a mobile terminal 3316 configured according to one embodiment of the present invention ia illustrated. Similarly to the base station 3314, the mobile terminal 3316 will include a control system 3332, a decoder 3333, a baseband
  • Decoder 3333 is operatively connected to control system 3332 or as part of control system 3332. It may, however, be implemented in other components of mobile terminal 3316, such as baseband processor 3334. Decoder 3333 is operable to perform steps 15-1, 15-3, and 15-4 in the flow diagram of Figure 15. It may associate assignment schedule indices with assignment schedules itself, or it may access physical storage for a look-up table.
  • the receiver 3338 receives radio frequency signals bearing information from one or more base stations 3314.
  • a low noise amplifier and a filter may co-operate to amplify and remove broadband interference from the signal for processing.
  • Downconver ⁇ i ⁇ n and digitization circuitry (not shown) will then downconvert the filtered, received signal to an intermediate or baseband frequency signal, which is then digitized into one or mores digital streams.
  • the baseband processor 3334 processes the digitized received signal to extract the information or data bits conveyed m the received signal. This processing typically comprises demodulation, decoding, and error correction operations.
  • the baseband processor 3334 is generally implemented in one or more digital ⁇ ignal
  • DSPs digital signal processors
  • ASICs application specific integrated circuits
  • the baseband processor 3334 receives digitized data, which may represent voice, data, or control information, from the control system 3332, which it encodes for tra ⁇ smisaion.
  • the encoded data is output to the transmitter 3336, where it ie used by a modulator to modulate a carrier signal that is at a desired transmit frequency or frequencies.
  • a power amplifier (not shown) will amplify the modulated carrier signal to a level appropriate for transmission, and deliver the modulated carrier signal to the antennas 3340 through a matching network (not shown) ,
  • Various modulation and processing techniques available to those skilled in the art are used for signal transmission between the mobile terminal and the base station.
  • the transmission band ia divided into multiple, orthogonal carrier waves.
  • Each carrier wave ie modulated according to the digital data to be transmitted.
  • OFDM divides the transmission band into multiple carriers, ⁇ he bandwidth per carrier decreases and the modulation time per carrier increases. Since the multiple carriers are transmitted in parallel, the
  • transmission rate for the digital data, or symbols, on any given carrier is lower than when a single carrier is used.
  • OFDM modulation utilizes the performance of an Inverse Past Fourier Transform (IFFT) on the information to be transmitted.
  • IFFT Inverse Past Fourier Transform
  • FFT Past Fourier Transform
  • the IFFT and FFT are provided by digital signal processing carrying out an IFFT and FFT.
  • OFDM modulation Inverse Discrete Fourier Transform (IDFT) and Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) , respectively.
  • IDFT Inverse Discrete Fourier Transform
  • DFT Discrete Fourier Transform
  • OFDM modulation is that orthogonal carrier waves are generated for multiple bands within a transmission channel.
  • the modulated signals are digital signals having a relatively low transmission rate and capable of staying within their respective bands.
  • the individual carrier waves are not modulated directly by the digital signals. Instead, all carrier waves are modulated at once by IFFT processing.
  • OFDM is preferably used for at least down-link transmission from the base stations 3314 to the mobile terminals 331S.
  • Each base station 3314 is equipped with "n" transmit antennas 3328, and each mobile
  • terminal 3316 is equipped with "m" receive antennas 3340.
  • the respective antennas can be used for reception and transmission using appropriate duplexers or switches and are so labelled only for clarity.
  • the base station 3314 may use the channel quality indicators (CQIs) associated with the mobile terminals 3315 to schedule the data for transmission as well as select appropriate coding and modulation for transmitting the scheduled data.
  • CQIs may be directly from the mobile terminals 3316 or determined at the base station 3314 based on information provided by the mobile terminals 3316. In either case, the CQI for each mobile terminal 3316 is a function of the degree to which the channel amplitude (or re ⁇ ponse) varies across the OFDM frequency band.
  • Scheduled data 3344 which is a stream of bits, is scrambled in a manner reducing the peak-to-average power ratio associated with the data using data scrambling logic 3346.
  • a cyclic redundancy check (CRC) for the scrambled data is determined and appended to the scrambled data using CRC adding logic 334B.
  • channel coding is performed using channel encoder logic 3350 to effectively add redundancy to the data to facilitate recovery and error correction at the mobile terminal 2316. Again, the channel coding for a particular mobile terminal 3316 is based on the CQI. In some implementations, the channel encoder
  • logic 3350 uses known Turbo encoding techniques .
  • the encoded data is then processed by rate matching logic 3352 to compensate for the data expansion associated with encoding.
  • Bit interleaver logic 3354 systematically reorders the bits in the encoded data to minimize the IOSB of consecutive data bits. The resultant data bits are
  • mapping logic 56 systematically mapped into corresponding symbols depending on the chosen baseband modulation by mapping logic 56.
  • Quadrature Amplitude Modulation QAM
  • QAM Quadrature Amplitude Modulation
  • Quadrature Phase Shift Key (QPSK) modulation is used.
  • the degree of modulation is preferably chosen based on the CQI for the particular mobile terminal.
  • the symbols may be systematically reordered to further bolster the immunity of the transmitted signal to periodic data loss caused by frequency selective fading using symbol interleaver logic 3358.
  • the STC encoder logic 3360 will process the incoming symbols and provide "n" outputs corresponding to the number of transmit antennas 3328 for the base
  • control system 3320 and/or baseband processor 3322 as described above with respect to Figure 34 will provide a mapping control signal to control 3TC encoding.
  • the symbols for the "n" outputs are representative of the data to be transmitted and capable of being recovered by Che mobile terminal 3316.
  • each of the symbol streams output by the STC encoder logic 3360 is sent to a corresponding IPFT
  • the IFFT processors 3362 will preferably operate on the respective symbols to provide an inverse Fourier Transform.
  • processors 3362 provides symbols m the time domain.
  • the time domain symbols are grouped into frames, which are associated with a prefix by prefix insertion logic 3364.
  • Each of the resultant signals is up-converted in the digital domain to an intermediate frequency and converted to an analog signal via the corresponding digital up-conversion (DUC) and digital-to-analog (D/A) conversion circuitry 3366.
  • the resultant (analog) signals are Chen simultaneously modulated at the desired RF frequency, amplified, and transmitted via the RF circuitry 3368 and antennas 3328.
  • pilot signals known by the intended mobile
  • the mobile terminal 3316 are scattered among the sub-carriers.
  • the mobile terminal 3316 which is discussed m detail below, will use the pilot signals for channel estimation.
  • Analog-to-digital (A/D) converter and down-conversion circuitry 3372 digitizes and downconverts the analog signal for digital processing.
  • the resultant digitized signal may be used by automatic gam control circuitry (AGC) 3374 to control the gain of the amplifiers in the RF circuitry 3370 based on the received signal level.
  • AGC automatic gam control circuitry
  • the output of the fine synchronization logic 33S0 facilitates frame acquisition by frame alignment logic 3384. Proper framing alignment is important so that subsequent FFT processing provides an accurate conversion from the time domain to the frequency domain.
  • the fine synchronization algorithm is based on the correlation between the received pilot signals carried by the headers and a local copy of the known pilot data.
  • the synchronization logic 337S includes
  • frequency offset and clock estimation logic 3382 which is based on the headers to help estimate such effects on the transmitted signal and provide those estimations to the correction logic 33 B8 to properly process OFDM symbols.
  • the OFDM symbols in the time domain are ready for conversion to the frequency domain using FFT processing logic 3390.
  • the results are frequency domain symbols, which are sent to processing logic 3392.
  • the processing logic 3392 extracts the scattered pilot signal using scattered pilot extraction logic 3394, determines a channel estimate based on the extracted pilot signal using channel estimation logic 2396, and provides channel
  • the pilot signal is essentially multiple pilot symbols that are scattered among the data Bymbols throughout the OFDM sub-carriers in a known pattern in both time and frequency. Examples of scattering of pilot symbols among available sub-carriers over a given time and frequency plot in an OFDM environment are found in PCT Patent Application No. PCT/CA2005/OOQ387 filed March 15, 2005 assigned to the same assignee of the present
  • the processing logic compares the received pilot symbols with the pilot symbols that are expected in certain sub-carriers at certain times to determine a channel response for the sub-carriers in which pilot symbols were transmitted.
  • the results are interpolated to estimate a channel reap ⁇ n ⁇ e for most, if not all, of the remaining sub-carriers for which pilot symbols were not provided.
  • the actual and interpolated channel responses are used to estimate an overall channel response, which includes the channel responses for most, if not all, of the sub-carriers in the OFDM channel.
  • the frequency domain symbols and channel reconstruction information which are derived from the channel responses for each receive path are provided to an STC decoder 3400, which provides STC decoding on both received paths to recover the transmitted symbols.
  • the channel reconstruction information provides equalization information to the STC decoder 3400 sufficient to remove the effects of the transmission channel when processing the respective frequency domain, symbols.
  • the recovered symbols are placed back in order using symbol de-interl ⁇ aver logic 3402, which corresponds to the symbol interleaver logic 335a of the transmitter.
  • the de- interleaved symbols are then demodulated or de-mapped to a corresponding bitstream using de-mapping logic 3404.
  • the bits are then de- interleaved using bit de- interleaver logic 3406, which corresponds to the bit interleaver logic 3354 of the transmitter architecture.
  • the de-interleaved bins are then processed by rate de-matching logic 3408 and presented to channel decoder logic 3410 to recover the initially scrambled data and the CRC checksum.
  • CRC logic 3412 removes the CRC checksum, checks the scrambled data in traditional fashion, and provides it to the de- scrambling logic 3414 for de-scrambling using the known base station de-scrambling code to recover the originally transmitted data 3416,
  • a CQI or at least information sufficient to create a CQI at the base station 3314, is determined and transmitted to the base station 3314.
  • the CQr may be a function of the carrier-to-interference ratio (CR) , as well as nhe degree to which the channel response varies across the various sub-carrierB in the OFDM frequency band.
  • the channel gain for each sub-carrier in the OFDM frequency band being used to transmit information is compared relative to one another to determine the degree to which the channel gain varies across the OFDM frequency band-
  • numerous techniques are available to measure the degree of variation, one technique is to calculate the standard deviation of the channel gain for each sub-carrier
  • Figures 33 to 37 each provide a specific example of a communication system or elements of a communication system that could be used to implement embodiments of the invention. It is to be understood that embodiments of the invention can be implemented with communications systems having architectures that are different than the specific example, but that operate in a manner consistent with the implementation of the embodiments as described herein. Embodiments have been described for a base station to assign resources. In other embodiments, other centers assign resources, such as a base station controller and a mobile switching center.
  • Embodiments have been described for assigning resources in the context of OFDM transmissions.
  • the methods and systems described apply to other air interfaces, such as code division multiplexing, frequency division multiplexing, single carrier and multi- carrier interfaces.
  • code division multiplexing such as code division multiplexing, frequency division multiplexing, single carrier and multi- carrier interfaces.

Abstract

Dans un système de communication sans fil, une station de base attribue des ressources à des stations mobiles au moyen d'indices. Chaque indice est associé à un plan d'attribution de ressources. Une fois qu'elle a déterminé un plan d'attribution en vue de l'attribution de ressources particulières, la station de base code ce plan sous forme d'un indice et le transmet. Une station mobile reçoit cet indice et le décode pour extraire le plan d'attribution. Aussi bien la station de base que la station mobile peuvent utiliser des tables de consultation et/ou des algorithmes pour le stockage ou la production d'indices associés à des plans d'attribution. Pour l'attribution de ressources dans le but d'indiquer des caractéristiques de transmission via ces ressources, la station de base transmet des blocs d'attribution. Chaque bloc d'attribution incluent les indications suivantes : transmission d'origine, retransmission, attribution persistante, attribution non persistante, signalisation HARQ, signalisation RAS- HARQ, attribution DRCH et/ou attribution LRCH.
PCT/CA2006/002007 2005-12-08 2006-12-08 Systemes et procedes d'attribution de ressources WO2007065272A1 (fr)

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US79248606P 2006-04-17 2006-04-17
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