Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
  • C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
  • C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
  • C08G18/08—Processes
  • C08G18/0804—Manufacture of polymers containing ionic or ionogenic groups
  • C08G18/0819—Manufacture of polymers containing ionic or ionogenic groups containing anionic or anionogenic groups
  • C08G18/0823—Manufacture of polymers containing ionic or ionogenic groups containing anionic or anionogenic groups containing carboxylate salt groups or groups forming them
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
  • C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
  • C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
  • C08G18/70—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the isocyanates or isothiocyanates used
  • C08G18/703—Isocyanates or isothiocyanates transformed in a latent form by physical means
  • C08G18/705—Dispersions of isocyanates or isothiocyanates in a liquid medium
  • C08G18/706—Dispersions of isocyanates or isothiocyanates in a liquid medium the liquid medium being water
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
  • C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
  • C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
  • C08G18/70—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the isocyanates or isothiocyanates used
  • C08G18/72—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates
  • C08G18/77—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates having heteroatoms in addition to the isocyanate or isothiocyanate nitrogen and oxygen or sulfur
  • C08G18/78—Nitrogen
  • C08G18/79—Nitrogen characterised by the polyisocyanates used, these having groups formed by oligomerisation of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
  • C08G18/791—Nitrogen characterised by the polyisocyanates used, these having groups formed by oligomerisation of isocyanates or isothiocyanates containing isocyanurate groups
  • C08G18/792—Nitrogen characterised by the polyisocyanates used, these having groups formed by oligomerisation of isocyanates or isothiocyanates containing isocyanurate groups formed by oligomerisation of aliphatic and/or cycloaliphatic isocyanates or isothiocyanates
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
  • C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
  • C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
  • C08G18/70—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the isocyanates or isothiocyanates used
  • C08G18/72—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates
  • C08G18/80—Masked polyisocyanates
  • C08G18/8003—Masked polyisocyanates masked with compounds having at least two groups containing active hydrogen
  • C08G18/8048—Masked polyisocyanates masked with compounds having at least two groups containing active hydrogen with compounds of C08G18/34
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
  • C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
  • C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
  • C08G18/70—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the isocyanates or isothiocyanates used
  • C08G18/72—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates
  • C08G18/80—Masked polyisocyanates
  • C08G18/8061—Masked polyisocyanates masked with compounds having only one group containing active hydrogen
  • C08G18/807—Masked polyisocyanates masked with compounds having only one group containing active hydrogen with nitrogen containing compounds
  • C08G18/8077—Oximes
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
  • C09D175/00—Coating compositions based on polyureas or polyurethanes; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
  • C09D175/04—Polyurethanes

Definitions

• the present invention relates to the preparation of aqueous, cosolvent-free polyurethane dispersions with blocked isocyanate groups, baked-on coatings prepared therefrom and their use in coatings.
• water-based systems e.g. based on aqueous dispersions often still contain cosolvents.
• the avoidance of these solvents in PU dispersions is generally not possible since the preparation of corresponding dispersions via prepolymers often requires cosolvents.
• the storage stability of the PU dispersions and the paint formulations is often not given without Colinate- medium.
• the solvent NMP N-methylpyrrolidone
• examples are the polyisocyanate crosslinker dispersions with blocked isocyanate groups, which are described in EP-A 0566953 or in EP-A 0942023.
• the crosslinker dispersions and the varnishes produced therefrom all contain ⁇ MP as co-solvent.
• the solvent ⁇ MP is suitable for the production of many PUR dispersions, but is classified as teratogenic by the European Union. Therefore, this solvent should be avoided as far as possible in the future.
• the object was therefore to provide colloid-free storage-stable polyisocyanate dispersions with blocked isocyanate groups.
• the invention relates to a process for the preparation of polyisocyanate dispersions, in which
• component d) from 0 to 15 equivalent%, preferably 3 to 12 equivalent%, based on the NCO groups of component a) of an at least, based on isocyanate-reactive groups, difunctional chain elongation component, is reacted
• the components c) and / or d) in the blocking agent b) first dissolved, then added to the isocyanate component a) and optionally further component c) is added undissolved and before, during or after the dispersion of the polyurethane polymer in water, the carboxylic acid groups the hydroxycarboxylic acid with a base e) are neutralized.
• the proportions of the reactants are preferably selected so that the equivalent ratio of the NCO groups of the isocyanate component a) to isocyanate-reactive groups of components b), c) and d) at 1: 0.6 to 1: 1.5 and more preferably from 1: 0.7 to 1: 1.3.
• the mixture of b), c) and d) may optionally be heated, a preferred temperature range is 10 0 C to 90 0 C. It is also possible to add a water (partially) miscible solvent such as acetone or methyl ethyl ketone to the mixture. After completion of the reaction and dispersion, the solvent can be removed by distillation.
• a water (partially) miscible solvent such as acetone or methyl ethyl ketone
• the polyisocyanates used for this purpose in a) are the NCO-functional compounds known per se to a person skilled in the art having a functionality of preferably 2 or more. These are typically aliphatic, cycloaliphatic, araliphatic and / or aromatic di- or triisocyanates and their higher molecular weight derivatives with urethane, allophanate, biuret, uretdione and / or isocyanurate groups which have two or more free NCO groups.
• Preferred di- or polyisocyanates are tetramethylene diisocyanate, cyclohexane-1,3- and 1,4-diisocyanate, hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI), isocyanato-SSS-trimethyl-S-isocyanato-methylcyclohexane (isophorone diisocyanate, IPDI), methylene-bis - (4-isocyanatocyclohexane), tetramethylxylylene diisocyanate (TMXDI), triisocyanatononane, tolylene diisocyanate (TDI), di-phenylmethane
• MDI 2,4'- and / or 4,4'-diisocyanate
• triphenylmethane-4,4'-diisocyanate triphenylmethane-4,4'-diisocyanate
• naphthylene-l 5-diisocyanate
• 4-isocyanatomethyl-l 8-octane diisocyanate (nonane triisocyanate, triisocyanatononane , TIN) and / or 1, 6, 11 undecane triisocyanate and any mixtures thereof.
• 8-octane diisocyanate nonane triisocyanate, triisocyanatononane , TIN
• 1, 6, 11 undecane triisocyanate and any mixtures thereof.
• Such polyisocyanates typically have isocyanate contents of from 0.5 to 55% by weight, preferably from 3 to 30% by weight, particularly preferably from 5 to 25% by weight.
• Particularly preferred polyisocyanates a) for the preparation of the hydrophilicized polyisocyanates or polyurethanes according to the invention are of the abovementioned type and have biuret, isocyanurate and / or uretdione groups and are preferably based on hexamethylene diisocyanate, isophorone diisocyanate and / or 4,4'-diisocyanatodicyclohexylmethane ,
• Suitable blocking agents t are, for example, ⁇ -caprolactam, diethyl malonate, ethyl acetoacetate, oximes such as butanone oxime, diisopropylamine, ester amines such as alkylalanine ester, dimethylpyrazole, triazole or mixtures thereof and optionally also further blocking agents. Preference is given to benzyl tert-butylamine, butanone oxime, diisopropylamine, 3,5-dimethylpyrazole, triazole and / or mixtures thereof.
• hydroxycarboxylic acids c) are mono- and dihydroxycarboxylic acids, such as 2-hydroxyacetic acid, 3-hydroxypropanoic acid, 12-hydroxy-9-octadecanoic acid (ricinoleic acid), hydroxypivalic acid, lactic acid and / or dimethylolpropionic acid. Preference is given to hydroxypivalic acid, lactic acid and / or dimethylolpropionic acid, particular preference to hydroxypivalic acid.
• suitable nonionic hydrophilizing compounds may also be used.
• Polyoxyalkylene ethers containing at least one hydroxy or amino group contain from 30% by weight to 100% by weight of ethylene oxide-containing building blocks.
• linear polyethers have a functionality between 1 and 3, but also branched polyethers.
• Nonionic hydrophilizing compounds are, for example, also monohydric polyalkylene oxide polyether alcohols containing on average from 5 to 70, preferably 7 to 55, ethylene oxide units per molecule, as are obtainable in a conventional manner by alkoxylation of suitable starter molecules (eg in Ullmanns Encyclopadie der ischen Chemie, 4. Edition, Volume 19, Verlag Chemie, Weinheim pp. 31-38).
• the polyalkylene oxide polyether alcohols are either pure polyethylene oxide polyethers or mixed polyalkylene oxide polyethers whose alkylene oxide units consist of at least 30 mol%, preferably at least 40 mol%, of ethylene oxide units.
• Preferred nonionic compounds are monofunctional mixed polyalkylene oxide polyethers having at least 40 mole percent ethylene oxide and at most 60 mole percent propylene oxide units.
• Suitable chain extenders d) include, for example, di-, tri- and / or polyols. Examples are ethanediol, di-, tri-, tetraethylene glycol, 1,2-propanediol, di-, tri-, tetrapropylene glycol, 1, 3-propanediol, 1,4-butanediol, 1,3-butanediol, butanediol-2,3, 1,5-pentanediol, 1,6-hexanediol, 2,2-dimethyl-1,3-propanediol, 1,4-dihydroxycyclohexane, 1,4-dimethylolcyclohexane, octanediol-1,8, decanediol-1,10, dodecanediol-1,12, Trimethylolpropane, castor oil, glycerol and / or mixtures of said products, optionally with
• ethoxylated and / or propoxylated di-, tri- and / or polyols such as ethoxylated and / or propoxylated trimethylolpropane, glycerol and / or hexanediol-1, 6 can be used.
• di-, tri- and / or polyamines can be used with primary and / or secondary amino groups.
• examples are ethylenediamine, 1,3-propylenediamine, 1,6-hexamethylenediamine, isophoronediamine, 4,4'-diaminodicyclohexylmethane or hydrazine.
• Molecules with various isocyanate-reactive groups can be employed, e.g. N-methylethanol and N-methylisopropanolamine, 1-amino-propanol, diethanolamine, 1,2-hydroxyethanethiol or 1-aminopropanethiol.
• neutralizing agents used in e) are basic compounds such as sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, triethylamine, N, N-dimethylaminoethanol, dimethylcyclohexylamine, triethanolamine, methyldiethanolamine, diisopropanolamine, ethyldiisopropylamine, diisopropylcyclohexylamine, N-methylmorpholine, 2-amino-2-methyl-1 propanol, ammonia or any mixtures thereof.
• Preferred neutralizing agents are tert.
• Amines such as triethylamine, diisopropylhexylamine and N, N-dimethylethanolamine, particularly preferred is N, N-dimethylethanolamine.
• the amount of neutralizing agent used is generally such that the degree of neutralization of the carboxylic acid groups present in the polyurethanes of the invention (molar ratio of amine / hydroxide used to acid groups present) at least 40%, preferably 70% to 130%, particularly preferably 90 to 110% is.
• the neutralization can be carried out before, during or after the dispersing or dissolving step. However, preference is given to neutralization before the addition of water.
• the aqueous dispersions or solutions generally have a solids content of from 15 to 65% by weight, preferably from 25 to 60% by weight, particularly preferably from 30 to 50% by weight.
• the mean particle diameters are generally in the range from 5 to 200 nm, preferably from 8 to 150 nm, particularly preferably from 10 to 100 nm.
• catalysts are, for example, tertiary amines, tin, zinc or bismuth compounds or basic salts. Preferred are dibutyltin dilaurate and dibutyltin octoate.
• the blocked polyisocyanate dispersions according to the invention are used for the production of stoving lacquers, for the coating of substrates, preferably of metals, mineral substances, wood, plastics, for example for industrial lacquering, in textile coating and automotive finishing.
• the coating compositions according to the invention by doctoring, dipping, spray application such as compressed air or airless spraying, and by electrostatic application, for example, high-rotation bell application, can be applied.
• the dry film thickness may be, for example, 10 to 120 ⁇ m.
• the curing of the dried films is carried out by baking in the temperature range of 90 to 19O 0 C, preferably 120 to 18O 0 C, particularly preferably 130 to 170 0 C.
• the polyisocyanate crosslinker dispersions according to the invention having blocked isocyanate groups with at least difunctional, isocyanate-reactive compounds, e.g. any polyol components, preferably in the form of aqueous dispersions, are mixed.
• Such polyol components may include polyhydroxy polyesters, polyhydroxy polyurethanes, polyhydroxypolyethers, polycarbonate diols or hydroxyl group-containing polymers, e.g. the polyhydroxypolyacrylates known per se, polyacrylate polyurethanes and / or polyurethane polyacrylates. These generally have a hydroxyl number of 20 to 200, preferably from 50 to 130 mg KOH / g.
• the optionally required hydrophilic modification of these polyhydroxy compounds is carried out by methods known per se, as disclosed, for example, in EP-A-0 157 291 or EP-A-0 427 028.
• a mixture with other alcohol reactive compounds such as e.g. Aminocrosslinker resins such as melamine resins and / or urea resins for additional crosslinking during firing is possible.
• the preparation of the coatings, paints, adhesives and other formulations of the dispersions according to the invention is carried out by methods known per se.
• customary additives and other auxiliaries for example pigments, fillers, leveling agents, defoamers, catalysts
• the viscosities were determined by means of rotational according to DIN 53019 at 23 0 C with a rotational viscometer A ⁇ ton pair Germany GmbH, Ostfildern, DE.
• NCO contents were determined volumetrically in accordance with DIN-EN ISO 11909, unless expressly stated otherwise.
• the indicated particle sizes were determined by means of laser correlation spectroscopy (device: Malvern Zetasizer 1000, Malver Inst. Limited).
• the solids contents were determined by heating a balanced sample to 120 ° C. At constant weight, solids content was calculated by reweighing the sample. Control for free NCO groups was performed by IR spectroscopy (band at 2260 cm -1 ).
• the resulting dispersion had the following properties:
• the resulting dispersion had the following properties:
• the resulting dispersion was not stable, within a few days temperature storage dropped both at room and when stored in a climate chamber at 40 0 C, a sediment from. The product was therefore not suitable for coatings.
• the resulting yellow, very finely divided dispersion had the following properties:
• the dispersion obtained was stable on storage, both at room temperature storage and when stored in a climatic chamber at 40 0 C was no sediment within 3 months recognizable. - -
• a clearcoat of the following composition was prepared. Films were prepared from the clearcoats, dried at room temperature for 10 minutes and then baked at 165 ° C. for 30 minutes. The resulting films were evaluated by application technology. The results are summarized in the following table.
• Example 6 it can be seen that with a comparably composed system without cosolvent no acceptable coating formulation could be achieved if the dispersion was not prepared by the process according to the invention.
• Example 7 shows a comparable, NMP-containing dispersion.
• the paint properties are comparable to Example 5 according to the invention, but the infiltration in the Saizz spray test is worse.

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• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
• Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
• Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Materials Engineering (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
• Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
• Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
• Polyurethanes Or Polyureas (AREA)
• Paints Or Removers (AREA)
• Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
• Processes Of Treating Macromolecular Substances (AREA)

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• 2005
  • 2005-12-01 DE DE102005057336A patent/DE102005057336A1/de not_active Ceased
• 2006
  • 2006-11-21 DE DE502006008103T patent/DE502006008103D1/de active Active
  • 2006-11-21 JP JP2008542635A patent/JP5117394B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2006-11-21 CN CN2006800448168A patent/CN101316874B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2006-11-21 ES ES06818683T patent/ES2354288T3/es active Active
  • 2006-11-21 EP EP06818683A patent/EP1957551B1/de active Active
  • 2006-11-21 WO PCT/EP2006/011118 patent/WO2007062760A2/de not_active Ceased
  • 2006-11-21 AT AT06818683T patent/ATE484533T1/de active
  • 2006-11-28 US US11/604,954 patent/US7589148B2/en active Active
  • 2006-11-30 TW TW095144288A patent/TW200738767A/zh unknown

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