WO2007054098A1 - Centrale eolienne et procede de reglage des pales visant a empecher leur collision avec la tour - Google Patents

Centrale eolienne et procede de reglage des pales visant a empecher leur collision avec la tour Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2007054098A1
WO2007054098A1 PCT/DK2006/000625 DK2006000625W WO2007054098A1 WO 2007054098 A1 WO2007054098 A1 WO 2007054098A1 DK 2006000625 W DK2006000625 W DK 2006000625W WO 2007054098 A1 WO2007054098 A1 WO 2007054098A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
tower
blade
power plant
wind power
blades
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/DK2006/000625
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Régis Jacques BENSOUSSAN
Original Assignee
Lm Glasfiber A/S
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Lm Glasfiber A/S filed Critical Lm Glasfiber A/S
Publication of WO2007054098A1 publication Critical patent/WO2007054098A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D80/00—Details, components or accessories not provided for in groups F03D1/00 - F03D17/00
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2220/00—Application
    • F05B2220/70—Application in combination with
    • F05B2220/706—Application in combination with an electrical generator
    • F05B2220/7068—Application in combination with an electrical generator equipped with permanent magnets
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2240/00—Components
    • F05B2240/20—Rotors
    • F05B2240/30—Characteristics of rotor blades, i.e. of any element transforming dynamic fluid energy to or from rotational energy and being attached to a rotor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2270/00—Control
    • F05B2270/30—Control parameters, e.g. input parameters
    • F05B2270/33—Proximity of blade to tower
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2280/00—Materials; Properties thereof
    • F05B2280/50—Intrinsic material properties or characteristics
    • F05B2280/5008—Magnetic properties
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a wind power plant with a number of blades rotating about an approximately horizontal axis and a method of controlling the blades during their passage past the tower of the wind power plant.
  • Wind power plants utilizing the energy of the wind become increasingly bigger and have increasingly longer blades to increase their effect.
  • a blade of 61 m may deflect as much as 10 m at the blade tip in case of a wind speed of 28 m/sec, corresponding to gale force winds. It is a requisite dimensional parameter of a wind power plant that, of course, the blades must not hit the tower during operation.
  • the rotor can be moved further away from the tower, thereby reducing the risk of a blade colliding with the tower in strong winds or in case of powerful gusts of wind.
  • this in undesirable since a larger distance between rotor and tower entails correspondingly longer main shaft and hence larger forces in bearings and gear as well as higher weight of the nacelle, with ensuring higher demands to the turbine foundation.
  • it is desirable to be able to move the rotor as close to the tower as possible for the very same reasons.
  • the deformation of the blades can also be reduced by making the blades more rigid, which, however, may be difficult without also increasing the mass of the blades, whereby the loads in the nacelle will be increased and make higher demands to carrying capacity and rigidity of tower and foundation and the blades due to their self-weight.
  • pre-bending blades have a more complex design and the collision problem is not solved; rather it is postponed only until a given wind speed or magnitude of wind gusts.
  • the present invention relates to a horizontal-axis wind power plant comprising a tower and a number of blades, wherein a magnetisable material is arranged at the most distal part of at least one blade at a distance from the axis of rotation, and at least one further magnetisable material is mounted at the tower at approximately the same distance from axis of rotation of the blades.
  • the magnetisable materials will influence each other and the at least one blade will, during its rotation, be influenced by forces that increase the distance of the blade to the tower.
  • the advantageous aspect is provided that it is avoided that the blades hit the tower during their rotation, even at very high wind speeds or powerful gusts of wind.
  • the invention enables use of more flexible blades, ie it is possible to save material in the blades and thereby reduce the loads in the hub and the problems of the self-weight of the blades. Thus it is possible to use longer blades with this system compared to a scenario where this system is not available.
  • the path of the blades past the tower can also be controlled quite accurately and thereby the force can be maximised.
  • further magnetisable material can arranged at the tower, whereby the blade is not only pushed or pulled around the tower, but a positive power impact or a push in its direction of rotation is also imparted to the blade. It also counteracts the tower shadow due to the fact that, when the blades bend forwards, the blades experience it as if the wind speed increases when they travel past the tower.
  • the magnetisable material at least at the one blade is a permanent magnet, a paramagnetic or a ferromagnetic material or an electromagnet.
  • the at least one magnetisable material at the tower is a permanent magnet, an electromagnet or a paramagnetic or ferromagnetic material.
  • the invention further relates to a wind power plant, wherein one or more magnets are mounted around the most part of the tower.
  • one or more magnets are mounted around the most part of the tower.
  • the blade is influenced in the same manner whether or not the rotor rotates and yaws into the wind following different directions of wind.
  • at least the one magnetisable material at the tower is mounted in a fitting that can be turned around the tower.
  • the fitting and the magnetisable material can be turned around the tower to the same extent as the one in which the rotor yaws into the wind.
  • the at least one magnetisable material at the tower is displaced away from the tower, whereby the magnet influences the blade prior to it reaching the tower.
  • the blade can hereby be influenced earlier, meaning that, even if it has large inertia or amount of movement, it can be influenced to the effect that it moves around the tower.
  • each blade will then experience a constant power impact from the tower's magnets throughout the entire path of the blade past the tower.
  • inconvenient thrusts on the blade are obviated.
  • One embodiment describes a wind power plant according to one or more of the above-mentioned elements wherein the at least one magnetisable material at the tower is mounted on the other side of the blades away from the tower, whereby, during its rotation, the at least one blade will be influenced by attracting forces there from, increasing the distance of the blade to the tower.
  • This location of the magnetisable material at the tower makes it possible to select a ferro- or paramagnetisable material at the one part of the tower or at the blade and a magnet at the other.
  • a further embodiment describes a wind power plant according to one or more of the above-mentioned elements, wherein the magnetisable material at least at the one blade is mounted displaced outwards in front of the leading edge of the blade.
  • the invention further relates to a blade for a wind power plant comprising a magnetisable material arranged at the most distal part of the blade and for use in a wind power plant as described by the above.
  • a blade for a wind power plant comprising a magnetisable material arranged at the most distal part of the blade and for use in a wind power plant as described by the above.
  • the invention relates to a tower for wind power plants comprising a magnetisable material mounted at the tower and for use in a wind power plant as described by the above.
  • the advantages of this are as described earlier for the wind power plant.
  • the invention relates to a method of controlling blades on a wind power plant during passage past the tower of the wind energy plant, wherein a magnetic field is generated at the most distal part of at least one blade, and that at least one further magnetic field is generated at the tower, whereby, during its rotation, the at least one blade will be influenced by forces that increase the distance of the blade to the tower.
  • Figure 1 shows a wind power plant, seen from the side, with magnets in blade tips and on the tower;
  • Figure 2 shows the passage of a blade past the tower, seen from above;
  • Figure 3 shows an alternative embodiment of the location of magnets on the tower;
  • Figure 4 shows an embodiment with a number of magnets arranged on the tower
  • Figure 5 shows an embodiment with a magnet arranged on the other side of the blade, away from the tower.
  • FIG. 1 shows a wind power plant 100, seen from the side.
  • the wind turbine comprises a rotor 101 with a number of blades 102 (herein three blades) that rotate about a more or less horizontal axis 103, and wherein the rotor is turned into the wind 104.
  • dotted lines indicate a non-deformed blade 110.
  • the blades may bend so much 111 due to the wind load that the rotor needs to be arranged with a correspondingly larger distance to the tower 105, which in turn leads to a longer main shaft and larger forces in bearings and hub.
  • a magnet 106 is provided in or close to the blade tip 107 and an opposite-pole magnet 108 on the tower 105.
  • the magnet 108 on the tower is arranged in approximately the same height as the magnet 106 on the blade, whereby the magnetic forces are exploited maximally.
  • FIG. 2 shows a section of the tower 105, seen from above and down towards the ground.
  • the dotted line 201 illustrates the movement of a blade past the tower in a scenario where the blade is loaded so much that it will collide with the tower.
  • the fully drawn line 202 illustrates the path of a blade as described by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • a blade profile 203 corresponding to two different positions of the blade in its path is included in the drawing.
  • a magnet 106 is arranged in or at the blade tip and one or more magnets 108 mounted on the tower 105.
  • the magnet on the blade is opposite the magnet(s) on the tower, whereby the path of the blade will be pushed way from the tower.
  • the magnet 108 sits all the way around the tower as an annular magnet with the north pole in the outermost position and the south pole in the innermost position or the other way around.
  • the advantage of having the magnet all the way around the tower is that the magnetic influence on the blade thereby becomes the same for all settings of the rotor relative to all wind directions 104.
  • a number of magnets are arranged side-by-side all the way around the tower, whereby the same independence of the wind direction is accomplished.
  • the magnet (or magnets) in the blade may, in the embodiments shown, either be a permanent magnet or an electromagnet.
  • the former is advantageous in that the issue of establishing power in the blade is hereby avoided, which could otherwise cause a number of problems relating to efficient lightning protection of the blades.
  • On the tower both permanent magnets and electromagnets may be used.
  • To generate a particularly strong magnetic field it is an option to use super-conductive material in the coil of an electromagnet.
  • the repulsive forces between blade tip and tower may also be generated by use of a magnet of one of the above types on the one part (blade or tower) and a super-conductive material on the other part, said material acting by opposing a magnetic field and hence repelling the magnet.
  • the magnets 106 in the blade tip are arranged closer to its trailing edge or even behind the trailing edge 204 of the blade, the magnetic forces will also make the most distal part of the blade twist.
  • the magnets can be arranged such that the blade, while being just in front of the tower, is turned slightly into the wind, and the angle 208 between the wind direction 104 and the cord 209 of the blade profile is increased as shown in Figure 2.
  • the wind is used more to advantage, the wind speed thus being reduced slightly in front of the tower.
  • the magnets also serve to even out the power curve of the blade, whereby the small dips that would otherwise inevitably occur each time the blade passes the tower and when the wind speed is slightly lower are evened out.
  • the magnet 108 is mounted in a fitting 301 on the tower 105 as outlined in Figure 3.
  • the magnet 108 and the fitting are arranged tapering at an angle 302, pointing towards the direction the blade comes from.
  • the blade is influenced by the magnet in time for it to change its rotation path and be pushed away from the tower.
  • the fitting 301 with the magnet 108 can be turned around the tower as shown by the arrow 303 and follow the yawing of the rotor.
  • Figure 4 shows an embodiment of the invention wherein a number of magnets 108 are mounted on the tower 105.
  • the magnets are arranged such that the blade can be controlled more accurately past the tower in the desired path.
  • the last magnet sensed by the blade during its passage past the tower may also be oriented such relative to to the magnet on the blade that it pushes the blade further on in its rotation.
  • Figure 4 also outlines an embodiment where the magnet in the blade is arranged on a rod or the like 401 a distance in front of the blade, whereby the blade detects the repulsive and regulating forces from the magnets on the tower earlier on in its rotation path.
  • Figure 5 shows the lowermost part of a wind power plant with the lowermost part of the tower 105 and a by-passing blade 102, seen from the side.
  • the magnet 108 on the tower 105 is arranged on the other side of the blade 102 compared to the tower by means of a fitting 303 which is, in this case, taken right below the path of the blade.
  • the magnet 108 is to attract the blade. Therefore a permanent magnet 106 is included in the blade which is, as opposed to the previous examples, oriented such that it has the same direction as the magnet 108 of the tower thereby causing the blade to bend further away from the tower.
  • a ferromagnetic or paramagnetic material 501 may be arranged in the blade which is not permanently magnetised, but becomes magnetised in the magnet field of the tower magnet and is attracted thereto, and this means again further away from the tower. Under one heading these types of materials are designated magnetisable materials.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Wind Motors (AREA)

Abstract

L’invention concerne une centrale éolienne du type à axe horizontal, comprenant une tour et un certain nombre de pales et caractérisée en ce qu’un corps magnétisable est disposé au niveau de la partie la plus distale de chaque pale à une certaine distance de l’axe de rotation des pales ainsi qu’au niveau de la tour à peu près à la même distance de l’axe de rotation des pales. Les forces créées par l’action mutuelle des deux corps magnétisables accroissent la distance séparant chaque pale en rotation de la tour. Le corps magnétisable comprend des aimants permanents, des électroaimants et un corps ferromagnétique ou paramagnétique. Le corps magnétisable disposé au niveau de la tour peut être placé entre la tour et chaque pale ou de telle sorte que chaque pale passe entre lui et la tour.
PCT/DK2006/000625 2005-11-14 2006-11-13 Centrale eolienne et procede de reglage des pales visant a empecher leur collision avec la tour WO2007054098A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DKPA200501579 2005-11-14
DKPA200501579 2005-11-14

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2007054098A1 true WO2007054098A1 (fr) 2007-05-18

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PCT/DK2006/000625 WO2007054098A1 (fr) 2005-11-14 2006-11-13 Centrale eolienne et procede de reglage des pales visant a empecher leur collision avec la tour

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Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2009011637A1 (fr) * 2007-07-13 2009-01-22 Alf Israelsson Installation d'éolienne équipée de rotors de turbine contrarotatifs et d'un générateur
CN102384028A (zh) * 2010-06-30 2012-03-21 通用电气公司 用于检测风力涡轮叶片与塔架壁之间的接近性的系统
US10451031B2 (en) 2016-06-17 2019-10-22 General Electric Company Wind turbine rotor blade
CN112283048A (zh) * 2020-10-28 2021-01-29 西安热工研究院有限公司 一种风电机组叶片净空检测方法及装置
CN113864132A (zh) * 2020-06-30 2021-12-31 乌鲁木齐金风天翼风电有限公司 塔架净空的监测方法、装置及设备
CN114165394A (zh) * 2021-12-07 2022-03-11 北京金风科创风电设备有限公司 一种风力发电机组防扫塔装置、方法及风力发电机组

Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3629872A1 (de) * 1986-09-02 1988-03-10 Licentia Gmbh Windkraftanlage zur erzeugung elektrischer energie
WO1991005953A1 (fr) * 1989-10-12 1991-05-02 Holec Projects B.V. Turbine eolienne
US5463257A (en) * 1993-11-23 1995-10-31 Yea; Ton A. Wind power machine
US5570859A (en) * 1995-01-09 1996-11-05 Quandt; Gene A. Aerodynamic braking device
EP0853197A1 (fr) * 1997-01-14 1998-07-15 Aerpac UK Ltd. Pale amortie pour eolienne
EP1108888A2 (fr) * 1999-12-15 2001-06-20 Alejandro Juan Alfredo Bolcich Convertisseur d'énergie
US20030147753A1 (en) * 2002-02-06 2003-08-07 Borge Ollgaard Wind turbine tower suspension means
US20040057828A1 (en) * 2002-09-23 2004-03-25 Bosche John Vanden Wind turbine blade deflection control system
US6856042B1 (en) * 2003-10-09 2005-02-15 Hisaomi Kubota Wind turbine generator

Patent Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3629872A1 (de) * 1986-09-02 1988-03-10 Licentia Gmbh Windkraftanlage zur erzeugung elektrischer energie
WO1991005953A1 (fr) * 1989-10-12 1991-05-02 Holec Projects B.V. Turbine eolienne
US5463257A (en) * 1993-11-23 1995-10-31 Yea; Ton A. Wind power machine
US5570859A (en) * 1995-01-09 1996-11-05 Quandt; Gene A. Aerodynamic braking device
EP0853197A1 (fr) * 1997-01-14 1998-07-15 Aerpac UK Ltd. Pale amortie pour eolienne
EP1108888A2 (fr) * 1999-12-15 2001-06-20 Alejandro Juan Alfredo Bolcich Convertisseur d'énergie
US20030147753A1 (en) * 2002-02-06 2003-08-07 Borge Ollgaard Wind turbine tower suspension means
US20040057828A1 (en) * 2002-09-23 2004-03-25 Bosche John Vanden Wind turbine blade deflection control system
US6856042B1 (en) * 2003-10-09 2005-02-15 Hisaomi Kubota Wind turbine generator

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2009011637A1 (fr) * 2007-07-13 2009-01-22 Alf Israelsson Installation d'éolienne équipée de rotors de turbine contrarotatifs et d'un générateur
CN102384028A (zh) * 2010-06-30 2012-03-21 通用电气公司 用于检测风力涡轮叶片与塔架壁之间的接近性的系统
EP2402603A3 (fr) * 2010-06-30 2014-05-07 General Electric Company Système de détection de proximité entre une pale d'éolienne et un mur de tour
US10451031B2 (en) 2016-06-17 2019-10-22 General Electric Company Wind turbine rotor blade
CN113864132A (zh) * 2020-06-30 2021-12-31 乌鲁木齐金风天翼风电有限公司 塔架净空的监测方法、装置及设备
CN112283048A (zh) * 2020-10-28 2021-01-29 西安热工研究院有限公司 一种风电机组叶片净空检测方法及装置
CN112283048B (zh) * 2020-10-28 2022-03-08 西安热工研究院有限公司 一种风电机组叶片净空检测方法及装置
CN114165394A (zh) * 2021-12-07 2022-03-11 北京金风科创风电设备有限公司 一种风力发电机组防扫塔装置、方法及风力发电机组
CN114165394B (zh) * 2021-12-07 2024-05-17 北京金风科创风电设备有限公司 一种风力发电机组防扫塔装置、方法及风力发电机组

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