WO2007049992A1 - Procede de pressage d'articles ceramiques a demi-sec et dispositif correspondant - Google Patents

Procede de pressage d'articles ceramiques a demi-sec et dispositif correspondant Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2007049992A1
WO2007049992A1 PCT/RU2006/000556 RU2006000556W WO2007049992A1 WO 2007049992 A1 WO2007049992 A1 WO 2007049992A1 RU 2006000556 W RU2006000556 W RU 2006000556W WO 2007049992 A1 WO2007049992 A1 WO 2007049992A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
pressing
pressing channel
channel
piston
damper
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/RU2006/000556
Other languages
English (en)
Russian (ru)
Inventor
Igor Feliksovich Shlegel
Pavel Grigorevich Grishin
Original Assignee
Igor Feliksovich Shlegel
Pavel Grigorevich Grishin
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Igor Feliksovich Shlegel, Pavel Grigorevich Grishin filed Critical Igor Feliksovich Shlegel
Publication of WO2007049992A1 publication Critical patent/WO2007049992A1/fr

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B3/00—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor
    • B28B3/02—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor wherein a ram exerts pressure on the material in a moulding space; Ram heads of special form
    • B28B3/10—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor wherein a ram exerts pressure on the material in a moulding space; Ram heads of special form each charge of material being compressed against previously formed body
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B13/00—Feeding the unshaped material to moulds or apparatus for producing shaped articles; Discharging shaped articles from such moulds or apparatus
    • B28B13/02—Feeding the unshaped material to moulds or apparatus for producing shaped articles
    • B28B13/0215—Feeding the moulding material in measured quantities from a container or silo
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B30—PRESSES
    • B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
    • B30B11/00—Presses specially adapted for forming shaped articles from material in particulate or plastic state, e.g. briquetting presses, tabletting presses
    • B30B11/02—Presses specially adapted for forming shaped articles from material in particulate or plastic state, e.g. briquetting presses, tabletting presses using a ram exerting pressure on the material in a moulding space
    • B30B11/025—Presses specially adapted for forming shaped articles from material in particulate or plastic state, e.g. briquetting presses, tabletting presses using a ram exerting pressure on the material in a moulding space whereby the material is transferred into the press chamber by relative movement between a ram and the press chamber
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B30—PRESSES
    • B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
    • B30B11/00—Presses specially adapted for forming shaped articles from material in particulate or plastic state, e.g. briquetting presses, tabletting presses
    • B30B11/22—Extrusion presses; Dies therefor
    • B30B11/26—Extrusion presses; Dies therefor using press rams
    • B30B11/265—Extrusion presses; Dies therefor using press rams with precompression means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B30—PRESSES
    • B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
    • B30B15/00—Details of, or accessories for, presses; Auxiliary measures in connection with pressing
    • B30B15/30—Feeding material to presses
    • B30B15/302—Feeding material in particulate or plastic state to moulding presses

Definitions

  • the technical field to which the invention relates The invention relates.
  • the invention relates to the building materials industry and can be used in the manufacture of ceramic products, mainly clay bricks, obtained by semi-dry pressing.
  • the filling of the dose of powder into the molds is carried out in the direction coinciding with the direction of the pressing pressure, which predetermines a fairly uniform redistribution of the powder granules in the pressing volume when they are displaced during the first stage of pressing.
  • this method is characterized by low productivity due to the fact that the ejection of the finished product in the press is carried out through the inlet of the mold, loading the mold with powder is also carried out from the location of the pressing tool, which requires or withdrawal of the mold from the pressing zone, or removal of the tool to a distance greater than that required by the molding conditions — all this leads to an increase in the cycle time.
  • the use of presses from several sections, allowing the molding of several products at the same time, is costly in terms of energy and performance.
  • the method of semi-dry pressing of ceramic products by the “brick to brick” method allows you to extrude the products “on byproduct”, i.e. with the forward stroke of the pressing piston, the previously pressed product located at the exit of the pressing channel is withdrawn, and filling the dose of the pressed material into the volume of the pressing channel is combined with the return stroke of the pressing piston. All this significantly reduces the cycle time of manufacturing one product, and increases productivity by compared with the pressing of products on mechanical lever-crank presses.
  • the press with a horizontal pressing channel are characterized by relatively small dimensions, simplicity of design, low operating costs.
  • the semi-dry pressing method using the “brick to brick” method is not widespread.
  • one of the reasons is the low quality of the product associated with the problem of removing air from the pressed mass during compression, as well as due to the uneven density of the product due to insufficient redistribution of powder granules in the volume of the pressed mass.
  • the method according to patent NsI 838101 includes a batch feed of material into the pressing channel, pre-sealing it with a piston, and compressing a portion of the compressed material along the longitudinal axis of the pressing channel between the piston and the pressed portion of the material, and perpendicular to the axis when moving in the mouthpiece, wherein the material is compressed in the vertical direction carried out due to the converging cusps of the mouthpiece, and in the horizontal - due to the expanding void formers.
  • the multidirectional (three-axis) effect of the pressing force which takes place in the prototype, contributes to the production of raw bricks with a denser structure.
  • the compression of the pressed material in the transverse direction at the stage when the main pressing process is already completed, i.e. then, when the deformation of the granules and their adhesion occurred it does not solve the problem of obtaining a brick with a density uniform in its volume.
  • a device for continuous semi-dry pressing of ceramic products (see patent SU JN2I8 ⁇ 8IOI, IPC B28 ⁇ / 24, 3/26, publ. 30.08.93) containing interconnected material feed hopper, press channel with piston, mouthpiece with swivel, articulated flaps installed on the output part of the mouthpiece, and hollow formers installed with the location of the expanding end parts between the mouthpiece flaps.
  • the supply of material from the hopper to the pressing channel occurs due to the weight of the material when opening during the reverse movement of the piston opens a window communicating the hopper and the volume of the channel.
  • the stroke of the piston it moves the material into the pressing zone and at the same time closes the loading window with its upper plane, thus ensuring the dosage of the pressed portion.
  • the performance of the known device largely depends on the properties of the material, which must be loose.
  • a significant drawback of this device is that the preliminary compaction of the mass is carried out in a closed volume of the pressing channel, which makes it difficult to remove air from the press powder, and with further pressing, air is pinched in the volume of the pressed mass, which leads to poor quality of raw brick and its predisposition to delamination.
  • there is a limited redistribution of granules during preliminary compaction of the mass i.e. when the granules are sufficiently mobile and it is desirable to “pack” them denser and more evenly.
  • the claimed invention solves the problem of improving the quality of ceramic products, mainly raw brick, molded by means of semi-dry pressing using the “brick to brick” method, by achieving uniform density of the product and by first removing air from the moldable mass.
  • the problem is solved in that in the method of semi-dry pressing of ceramic products, including feeding the moldable material into the pressing channel, compressing this material between the working surface of the pressing piston installed in the said channel and the surface of the previously molded product with the direction of the pressing force along the pressing channel, and additional effect on moldable material with the application of force in the transverse direction relative to the pressing channel, according to the claimed invention e exposure performed on filed in the pressing channel forming material before said compression, the additional impact force is applied by the boot of the pressing channel box and create its uniform across the impact area.
  • the raw brick will be characterized by uneven density, and the additional transverse effect on the molded brick at the stage of its removal from the pressing channel, as is the case in the prototype, does not solve this problem, since the transverse effect in the known solution contributes to the compaction of the raw brick, but does not eliminate the unevenness of the seal.
  • the claimed invention provides a technical result, expressed in the uniform distribution of the granules of the press powder in the volume of the material before it is compressed, which makes it possible to obtain products with the most uniform density.
  • the claimed solution achieves an additional technical result, also aimed at improving the quality of products, increasing their density and strength, and manifested in the fact that the transverse action helps to remove air from the moldable mass, and significantly reduces the likelihood of it being jammed during pressing.
  • the magnitude of the additional force can be selected depending on the properties of the material being molded. Such selection can be carried out experimentally, taking into account the characteristics of production and the characteristics of the press powder.
  • the material being formed is metered before being fed into the pressing channel.
  • the above technical result will take place during the implementation of the proposed method with cutting off received in the pressing channel portion, for example, a valve made in a certain shape.
  • it is preferable to supply pre-measured doses of the molded material since when dosed, it is possible to more accurately select the magnitude of the additional force, which is optimal for all products pressed without stopping the equipment.
  • the lack of dosing can lead to the fact that some deviations of the volume of the molded mass with one set at the start of the equipment the magnitude of the efforts of the additional impact, will cause deterioration in product quality.
  • the metered feed simplifies the evacuation process, which can be organized with minimal equipment modifications.
  • the problem is also solved by the fact that in a device for semi-pressing ceramic products containing means for supplying moldable material and a horizontally oriented pressing channel, interconnected by means of a loading window blocked by a reciprocating valve, a piston mounted in the pressing channel with the possibility of longitudinal reciprocating movement, according to the claimed invention, the damper is mounted in guides installed under the os eye angle to the longitudinal axis of the pressing channel, and is connected with a drive of its reciprocating movement, the executive part of the damper is formed box-shaped, passing into a tapered, chamfered in the form of horizontal and parallel with respect to the longitudinal axis of the pressing channel of the plane.
  • the plane of the bevel of the shutter is oriented perpendicular to the working plane of the piston, and in the process of reciprocating movement of the shutter, when it approaches the working chamber of the pressing channel, the plane of the bevel affects the loaded material in the region of the loading window in the transverse direction (relative to the direction of pressing), thereby providing a transverse seal of the material poured into the working chamber.
  • the box-shaped shape of the shutter the lateral sides of which are interfaced with the guides in a certain extended section, eliminates the skew of the shutter and ensures the accuracy of overlapping by the said loading window plane.
  • the embodiment of the damper characterized by the presence of a plane oriented perpendicular to the working plane of the piston, and the installation of the damper in the guides, which are mounted at an acute angle to the longitudinal axis of the pressing channel, and which provide movement of the said plane of the valve during its working direction towards the working chamber of the pressing channel and at the same time, in the direction coinciding with the direction of movement of the piston, determine that the shutter, in addition to its main function (overlapping the loading window) works as an additional piston acting on the material poured into the working chamber of the pressing channel in the transverse direction relative to the pressing channel (and relative to the movement of the piston).
  • the shutter provides the same technical result as the claimed method, namely: under the action of the bevel surface of the shutter, the granules of the press powder are redistributed in the volume of the press channel after it is loaded by the molded mass when the granules are not yet deformed and are most mobile , while the "packing" of the granules contributes to the preliminary removal of air from this mass.
  • the drive of the reciprocating movement of the shutter can be designed in the form of a rocking motor rigidly connected to the shaft crank pivotally connected through the connecting rod to the damper shaft.
  • a rocking motor rigidly connected to the shaft crank pivotally connected through the connecting rod to the damper shaft.
  • Such a drive mechanism will provide the necessary trajectory of the shutter, while it is characterized by reliable operation, maintainability, and the possibility of adjustments.
  • the crank and connecting rod are made in the form of paired elements symmetrically spaced relative to the line that is the axis of the damper shank, while the connection of the damper shank with the connecting rod elements is carried out by means of a U-shaped fork, including a central holder for the shank, and side cheeks. Each cheek of the fork is connected to the central holder using a rod designed to swivel the plug with the corresponding connecting rod element.
  • the plane of the bevel of the shutter has a rectangular shape and is commensurate with the open part of the loading window of the pressing channel, which is also made rectangular.
  • a dispenser is used as a means of supplying moldable material, the design of which may be close to solutions known in the industry and combined with a dispenser, an intermediate chamber periodically communicating with it.
  • the dispenser and the intermediate chamber are installed above the loading window of the pressing channel, sequentially, one above the other, the intermediate chamber directly above the loading window, and above it is the dispenser.
  • the guides for moving the shutter can be made in the form of a part of the housing of the intermediate chamber, and the internal volume of the intermediate chamber can be connected to a vacuum system.
  • the dispenser can be made with a system for adjusting the volume of the measured dose.
  • FIG. 1 - shows a device for semi-dry pressing of ceramic products, a longitudinal section
  • FIG. 2 the same, at the time of filling the moldable material into the working chamber of the pressing channel;
  • FIG. 3 the same, at the moment of the beginning of the movement of the shutter to the working chamber;
  • FIG. 6 View A in FIG. L, showing a shutter with a drive of its reciprocating motion;
  • FIG. 7 View B in FIG. 6.
  • the inventive method can be carried out using the inventive device.
  • the inventive device for semi-dry pressing of ceramic products contains a longitudinal pressing channel 1 with a pressing piston 2 installed in its volume.
  • the working chamber 3 of the pressing channel is connected through the loading window 3 "to the feed means of the formed material, which consists of a dispenser 4 and an intermediate chamber 5.
  • guides 6, a box-shaped shutter 8 is installed (see Fig. 6, Fig.
  • the shank 9 of the valve 8 (see Fig.6 and Fig. 7) is connected through a fork 10 with a crank connecting rod drive of the reciprocating movement of the shutter 8, ensuring its movement in the said guides b.
  • the crank drive includes a connecting rod 11, and a crank 12, the oscillating movement of which is ensured by its installation on a rotating shaft 13 connected to the engine (not shown on the devil).
  • the crank 12 and the connecting rod 11 are made in the form of paired elements (12 ⁇ and l2 "; l ⁇ and l ⁇ ⁇ - respectively, see Fig. 7), symmetrically spaced relative to the line L, which is the axis of the shank 9 of the shutter 8, while the connection of the shank shutters with connecting rods 1 G and 1 G ⁇ of the connecting rod are made by means of a U-shaped plug 10, including a central holder 10 'for a shank 9, and side cheeks 10 ", each of which is connected to the central holder by a rod 14 intended for hinging forks 10 with the corresponding element of a rod 1 1.
  • the internal volume of the intermediate chamber 5 is in communication with the evacuation system 15.
  • the dispenser 4 is provided with means 16 for adjusting the volume of the measured dose of the molded material.
  • the reciprocating movement of the piston 2 is provided by the drive 17. The device operates as follows.
  • the necessary portion of the material being molded is measured and through the intermediate chamber 5 and the loading window 3 ⁇ of the pressing channel 1 enters the working chamber 3.
  • the shutter 8 moves along the guides 6 to the working chamber 3, i.e. lowers and locks the loading window, while the plane-bevel of the shutter 8 is podsatie molded material, i.e. additional impact on the moldable dose in the transverse, relative to the main pressing, direction.
  • the irregularities of the filled material volume are aggregated, the granules of the press powder are redistributed in the depth direction of the pressing chamber 3, the dose of the material being molded is compacted and air is removed from the press powder first.
  • the molding of the formed material begins with the pressing piston 2.
  • the piston 2 moves to the right and compresses the fed portion of the material using the “brick to brick” method.
  • the piston 2 continues to move to the right in the pressing channel 1, carrying out the process of moving previously formed bricks along the pressing channel and pushing the last of them, the finished product, to a receiving device (not shown).
  • the piston 2 returns to its original position, the shutter 8 rises along the guides upward, opening the loading window of the pressing channel for supplying the next dose of moldable material from the intermediate chamber 5.
  • the cycle repeats.
  • Using the present invention allows continuous semi-dry pressing of ceramic products with improved quality due to a more uniform redistribution of the granules of the molded material over the compression volume and, accordingly, a more uniform density of the molded finished product.
  • the accuracy of its dimensions is increased due to a more complete removal of internal stresses caused by the pressure of the gas air phase in intergranular contacts, which contributes to better preservation of the structure of pressed brick, its higher strength due to closer intergranular contacts and eliminates delamination of the product.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Devices For Post-Treatments, Processing, Supply, Discharge, And Other Processes (AREA)
  • Press-Shaping Or Shaping Using Conveyers (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention appartient au domaine des matériaux de construction. Le procédé de pressage d'articles céramiques à demi-sec comprend l'alimentation du matériau à former dans un canal de pressage horizontal (1), la compression de ce matériau entre la surface de travail du piston de pressage (2) et la surface d'un article déjà mis en forme, l'effort de pressage étant dirigé le long du canal de pressage, et un traitement supplémentaire du matériau à former qui comprend l'application d'un effort dans une direction transversale par rapport à la direction du canal de pressage. Le traitement supplémentaire du matériau à former s'effectue avant la compression au moyen du piston et s'applique du côté de l'orifice de chargement du canal de pressage. Le dispositif comprend un volet en forme de boîte, avec un plan incliné horizontal et parallèle par rapport à l'axe longitudinal du canal de pressage. Le volet est monté dans des guides faits à un angle aigu par rapport à l'axe longitudinal du canal de pressage, et est relié à un entraînement assurant son déplacement en va-et-vient.
PCT/RU2006/000556 2005-10-25 2006-10-24 Procede de pressage d'articles ceramiques a demi-sec et dispositif correspondant WO2007049992A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
RU2005132783/03A RU2318656C2 (ru) 2005-10-25 2005-10-25 Устройство для полусухого прессования керамических изделий
RU2005132783 2005-10-25

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2007049992A1 true WO2007049992A1 (fr) 2007-05-03

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PCT/RU2006/000556 WO2007049992A1 (fr) 2005-10-25 2006-10-24 Procede de pressage d'articles ceramiques a demi-sec et dispositif correspondant

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RU (1) RU2318656C2 (fr)
UA (1) UA91090C2 (fr)
WO (1) WO2007049992A1 (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2163600A3 (fr) * 2008-09-03 2010-05-05 RWE Power Aktiengesellschaft Procédé de fabrication d'ébauches de carburant à base de biomasse et dispositif d'exécution du procédé
DE102010012838B4 (de) * 2010-03-25 2015-06-18 Guido Pusch Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von Presskörpern
WO2020001689A1 (fr) * 2018-06-29 2020-01-02 Tu Bergakademie Freiberg Procédé de fabrication d'articles pressés et dispositif de fabrication d'articles pressés

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
RU2572091C1 (ru) * 2014-10-31 2015-12-27 Игорь Феликсович Шлегель Устройство для прессования керамических изделий
CN115122469A (zh) * 2022-08-11 2022-09-30 中国天楹股份有限公司 一种重力储能配重块压制系统

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SU1017511A1 (ru) * 1981-10-28 1983-05-15 Белорусский Ордена Трудового Красного Знамени Политехнический Институт Брикетный штемпельный пресс дл сыпучих материалов

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SU1017511A1 (ru) * 1981-10-28 1983-05-15 Белорусский Ордена Трудового Красного Знамени Политехнический Институт Брикетный штемпельный пресс дл сыпучих материалов

Non-Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
SHLEGEL I.F.: "Press polusokhogo pressovaniya SHL-303A", STROITELNYE MATERIALY, no. 2, February 2003 (2003-02-01), pages 15 *
SHLEGEL I.F.: "Problemy polusokhogo pressovanya kirpicha", STROITELNYE MATERIALY, no. 2, February 2005 (2005-02-01), pages 18 - 19 *

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2163600A3 (fr) * 2008-09-03 2010-05-05 RWE Power Aktiengesellschaft Procédé de fabrication d'ébauches de carburant à base de biomasse et dispositif d'exécution du procédé
DE102010012838B4 (de) * 2010-03-25 2015-06-18 Guido Pusch Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von Presskörpern
WO2020001689A1 (fr) * 2018-06-29 2020-01-02 Tu Bergakademie Freiberg Procédé de fabrication d'articles pressés et dispositif de fabrication d'articles pressés

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
RU2318656C2 (ru) 2008-03-10
RU2005132783A (ru) 2007-04-27
UA91090C2 (ru) 2010-06-25

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