Classifications

• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
  • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
  • H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
  • H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
  • H02K1/12—Stationary parts of the magnetic circuit
  • H02K1/14—Stator cores with salient poles
  • H02K1/146—Stator cores with salient poles consisting of a generally annular yoke with salient poles
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
  • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
  • H02K29/00—Motors or generators having non-mechanical commutating devices, e.g. discharge tubes or semiconductor devices
  • H02K29/03—Motors or generators having non-mechanical commutating devices, e.g. discharge tubes or semiconductor devices with a magnetic circuit specially adapted for avoiding torque ripples or self-starting problems
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
  • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
  • H02K3/00—Details of windings
  • H02K3/04—Windings characterised by the conductor shape, form or construction, e.g. with bar conductors
  • H02K3/28—Layout of windings or of connections between windings

Definitions

• the invention relates to a three-phase electric drive machine comprising a static primary part with a series of stator slots, in which stator windings of the three phases are arranged, so that a current flow through the stator windings generates primary part magnetic poles, and a secondary part, on a predetermined path of travel relative is movable to the primary part and are arranged on the permanent magnet so that each one of the poles facing the primary part, and in the direction of movement results in a series of secondary magnetic poles, wherein by interaction of the current flow resulting primary magnetic poles with the secondary part Magnetic poles a movement of the secondary part is effected on the movement path.
• Rotary drive machines with these features are in particular rotating field motors with permanent magnetization.
• the invention relates in particular to drives for elevators and other applications in which similar requirements exist as elevators. In such drives, shaking forces and load pulsation moments have long been a problem. These lead to Power losses, and disturbing noise.
• Known noise sources in this sense are in particular current-independent effects and cogging torques as well as current-dependent phenomena that lead to unequal radial and tangential forces in the machine.
• stator windings can be arranged overlapping in more than two stator slots as so-called distributed windings. Windings of different stator windings are wound around stator teeth between the individual stator slots. However, this leads to a higher total electrical resistance and thus to a reduced efficiency of the prime mover.
• magnets such as cup or trapezoidal magnets.
• a rotor is used in drive machines according to the prior art as a secondary part, in which the permanent magnets are arranged in rows of magnets that do not run parallel to the axis, but are aligned at a small angle of a few degrees obliquely to the axial direction of the rotor.
• This object is achieved in that the ratio of the number of the primary part facing the secondary magnetic poles to the number of opposite them in a given position of the secondary primary part -Magnetpole 19:12.
• this ratio is optimal in terms of performance and compensation of noise sources, in particular shaking forces and load pulsation moments.
• shaking forces and load pulsations can be largely avoided, so that even without the use of expensive magnets form a low-noise operation is possible lent and the advantages of low manufacturing costs and low power losses can be used.
• This is all the more surprising as it has been assumed in the literature that it is favorable to choose the number of secondary magnetic poles and the number of primary magnetic poles Part that they differ only slightly, in particular only one or two.
• the stated ratio is not only optimal for drive machines in which the secondary part is a rotor, but also leads to improved results in linear drives.
• a linear drive of course, the number of windings of the static primary part and consequently the number of primary part magnetic poles in principle not limited and essentially determined only by the maximum displacement of the movable abutment.
• only a subset of the total of the existing primary part magnetic poles is always opposite the secondary part magnetic poles.
• the stated ratio of 19:12 refers only to those primary magnetic poles which, in a given position of the secondary part, oppose it and are therefore effective for the power development of the electric machine.
• a low-noise engine with low power losses of the type mentioned above can be achieved in particular by the fact that at least two stator windings at least one phase have an opposite sense of winding.
• Such a machine represents a further aspect of the invention, which has an independent meaning in any number of primary and secondary magnetic poles.
• Fig. 1 shows an embodiment of an inventive
• Fig. 2 shows the interconnection of the stator windings of the embodiment shown in Figure 1.
• FIG. 3 is a stator tooth of the embodiment shown in Fig. 1.
• FIG. 1 shows, as an exemplary embodiment of an electric drive machine 1, a synchronous machine which, for the sake of simplicity, is shown without stator windings.
• the stator windings 4 and their interconnection are shown in FIG.
• the prime mover 1 comprises a static primary part 2 with a sequence of 48 stator slots 3.
• stator windings 4 of the three phases U, V, W are arranged as concentrated windings in the stator slots 3. This means that substantially all windings of a winding 4 are wound around a single stator tooth 8 and adjacent windings 4 do not overlap.
• all turns of a given winding 4 are wound around a single stator tooth 8.
• the individual windings 4 of the phase U are each connected in series and form a winding strand.
• the windings 4 of the phases V, W are each connected in series.
• the lines of the phases U, V, W are drawn on circles around the primary part 2 around.
• the affiliation of the individual windings 4 to the phases U, V, W additionally characterized by the corresponding letters.
• On the outermost circle lines of the phase U are shown in dashed lines.
• lines of phase V are shown with solid lines and on the innermost circle lines of phase W are shown in phantom. It is also possible, some or to switch all windings 4 of a phase U, V, W in parallel.
• the illustrated prime mover is an internal rotor machine.
• the primary part 2 surrounds a secondary part 5 designed as a rotor, which is movable relative to the primary part 2 on a predetermined path of movement, namely rotating about the common axis of the parts 2, 5.
• a secondary part 5 designed as a rotor, which is movable relative to the primary part 2 on a predetermined path of movement, namely rotating about the common axis of the parts 2, 5.
• cuboid permanent magnets 6 are arranged so that in each case one pole of the permanent magnets 6 faces the primary part 2.
• the permanent magnets 6 are therefore radially magnetized relative to the axis of rotation. In the direction of motion results in this way an alternating sequence of secondary magnetic poles.
• the permanent magnets 6 are arranged in alignment on the secondary part 5 in rows of magnets which extend in its axial direction.
• the ratio of the number of primary part 2 facing the secondary part magnetic poles to the number of primary magnetic poles opposite them is 19:12 in the illustrated embodiment.
• Especially powerful and quiet are internal rotor synchronous machines in which each thirty-eight primary part 2 facing secondary magnetic poles are opposite twenty-four primary part magnetic poles. In the case of the synchronous machine 1 shown in FIG a total of twenty-four stator windings 4, that is twenty-four primary magnetic poles, totaling thirty-eight secondary magnetic poles.
• the number of primary magnetic poles usually coincides with the number of magnet rows (ie the number of permanent magnets 6 arranged in a cross-sectional plane as shown in FIG. 1), this does not necessarily have to be the case .
• the number of magnetic poles coincides with the number of magnet rows.
• the same result can be achieved, for example, by using twice as many rows of magnets, each half as wide, with two adjacent rows of magnets each forming a magnetic pole, i. both with their north pole radially outward or both with their
• North Pole are aligned radially inwardly. Therefore, the effect is not dependent on the number of magnets but on the number of magnetic poles formed by them and facing the other part.
• stator windings 4 at least one phase have an opposite sense of winding.
• the winding sense of the stator windings 4 is indicated by the letters L and R.
• half of the stator windings 4 of one phase have a first winding sense L and the other half have an opposite winding sense R. This means that in each case one half of the stator windings 4 in a clockwise direction and the other half in an anti-clockwise direction.
• Figure 2 also shows that in the circumferential direction between two stator windings 4 a given phase, for example, the phase U, in each case at least one stator winding 4 of a different phase, for example, the phase V or W is arranged.
• two stator windings 4 of a phase form a pair of windings, wherein the two stator windings 4 of a pair of windings each have an opposite winding sense and between them exactly one stator winding 4 of another phase is arranged.
• power losses can be reduced to a minimum and, at the same time, shaking forces can be minimized particularly well.
• a stator winding 4 occupies two adjacent stator slots 3, respectively.
• Stator teeth 8 are arranged between the individual stator slots 3. This means that around each second stator tooth 8, a stator winding 4 is wound.
• This geometry is advantageous both in terms of manufacturing technology and in terms of magnetic flux guidance, but in principle it is also possible to wind a stator winding 4 around each stator tooth 8 so that the number of stator slots 3 coincides with the number of stator windings 4.
• stator teeth 8 carry at their free end a head 9 whose width is greater at its end facing the secondary part 2 than at its end facing the primary part 5.
• a stator tooth 8 of the drive machine 1 shown in FIG. 1 is shown in FIG.
• the head 9 sits on a himself to his free end towards tapering, substantially trapezoidal tooth 8.
• the head 9 itself is also trapezoidal. It is particularly favorable if the lateral surfaces of the head 9 extend to the nearest lateral surface of the tooth 8 at an angle ⁇ of 20 to 30 °, preferably 24 to 26 °.
• the total number of permanent magnets and electrical windings used in an electric drive machine according to the invention vary widely, for example, because a plurality of adjacent permanent magnets together each form a secondary part magnetic pole facing the primary part and / or several windings together form a secondary part facing the secondary part magnetic pole, in the case of a rotary machine (electric motor), the primary part (stator) and the secondary part (rotor) have integral multiples of 24 or 38 (effective) magnetic poles facing each other on their circumference, - a plurality of magnetic poles respectively facing the other part in rows are arranged in the direction transverse to the predetermined path of movement of the secondary part.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Power Engineering (AREA)
• Permanent Magnet Type Synchronous Machine (AREA)
• Iron Core Of Rotating Electric Machines (AREA)

Priority Applications (3)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

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ID=37533559

Family Applications (1)

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Cited By (1)

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Citations (6)

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• 2005
  • 2005-09-23 DE DE102005045503A patent/DE102005045503A1/de not_active Withdrawn
• 2006
  • 2006-09-05 JP JP2008531562A patent/JP2009509488A/ja active Pending
  • 2006-09-05 EP EP06791836A patent/EP1927178A1/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 2006-09-05 WO PCT/EP2006/008634 patent/WO2007036284A1/de active Application Filing
  • 2006-09-05 US US11/992,449 patent/US20080296992A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2006-09-05 CN CNA2006800349923A patent/CN101268601A/zh active Pending

Patent Citations (6)

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