WO2007003715A1 - Procede de detection de vitesse dans un systeme de communication, recepteur, element de reseau et processeur - Google Patents

Procede de detection de vitesse dans un systeme de communication, recepteur, element de reseau et processeur Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2007003715A1
WO2007003715A1 PCT/FI2006/050309 FI2006050309W WO2007003715A1 WO 2007003715 A1 WO2007003715 A1 WO 2007003715A1 FI 2006050309 W FI2006050309 W FI 2006050309W WO 2007003715 A1 WO2007003715 A1 WO 2007003715A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
frequency
impulse response
estimates
average
doppler frequency
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/FI2006/050309
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Sathiaseelan Sundaralingam
Khairul Hasan
Eric Jones
Mikko SÄILY
Original Assignee
Nokia Corporation
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from FI20050713A external-priority patent/FI20050713A0/fi
Application filed by Nokia Corporation filed Critical Nokia Corporation
Priority to EP06764547A priority Critical patent/EP1908195A1/fr
Priority to JP2008518889A priority patent/JP2009500885A/ja
Publication of WO2007003715A1 publication Critical patent/WO2007003715A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B17/00—Monitoring; Testing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/01—Reducing phase shift
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S11/00—Systems for determining distance or velocity not using reflection or reradiation
    • G01S11/02—Systems for determining distance or velocity not using reflection or reradiation using radio waves
    • G01S11/10—Systems for determining distance or velocity not using reflection or reradiation using radio waves using Doppler effect

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a speed detection method in a communication system, a receiver, a network element and a processor.
  • a prior art method for estimating the speed is based on an average received power crossing rate.
  • the algorithm is based on the comparison of signal level values and their averaged values.
  • the algorithm calculates the rate with which a signal level crosses the averaged signal level due to fast fading.
  • the crossing rate is proportional to the mobile speed.
  • the method is not suitable to be used with frequency hopping, since different frequencies have different fading characteristics.
  • the method fails to provide correct estimates when the speed is too high. This is due to the use of power crossing rate: when the power crossing rate exceeds the used sampling rate, the estimated speed values do not follow actual speeds anymore.
  • a speed detection method in a communication system comprising: deter- mining a predetermined number of frequency estimates; determining an average of the frequency estimates for obtaining an averaged frequency offset; unbiasing received samples and/or impulse response values using the averaged frequency offset; calculating Doppler frequency estimates using the unbiased received samples and/or impulse response values; calculating selected second order statistics of the Doppler frequency estimates over a predetermined period; estimating a maximum Doppler frequency on the basis of the second order statistics; calculating speed of a communication system terminal using the maximum Doppler frequency.
  • a receiver comprising: means for determining a predetermined number of frequency estimates; means for determining an average of the frequency estimates for obtaining an averaged frequency offset; means for unbiasing received samples and/or impulse response values using the averaged frequency offset; means for calculating Doppler frequency estimates using the unbiased received samples and/or impulse response values; means for calculating selected second order statistics of the Doppler frequency estimates over a predetermined period, means for estimating a maximum Doppler frequency on the basis of the second order statistics, means for calculating speed of a communication system terminal using the maximum Doppler frequency.
  • a network element comprising: means for determining a predetermined number of frequency estimates, means for determining an average of the frequency estimates for obtaining an averaged frequency offset, means for unbiasing received samples and/or impulse response values using the averaged frequency offset, means for calculating Doppler frequency estimates using the unbiased received samples and/or impulse response values, means for calculating selected second order statistics of the Doppler frequency estimates over a predetermined period, means for estimating a maximum Doppler frequency on the basis of the second order statistics, means for calculating speed of a communication system terminal using the maximum Doppler frequency.
  • a processor comprising: means for determining a predetermined number of frequency estimates, means for determining an average of the frequency estimates for obtaining an averaged frequency offset, means for unbiasing received samples and/or impulse response values using the averaged frequency offset, means for calculating Doppler frequency estimates using the unbiased received samples and/or impulse response values, means for calculating selected second order statistics of the Doppler frequency estimates over a predetermined period, means for estimating a maximum Doppler frequency on the basis of the second order statistics, means for calculating speed of a communication system terminal using the maximum Doppler frequency.
  • a receiver being configured to: determine a predetermined number of frequency estimates; determine an average of the frequency estimates for obtaining an averaged frequency offset; unbias received samples and/or impulse response values using the averaged frequency offset; calculate Doppler frequency estimates using the unbiased received samples and/or impulse response values; calculate a selected second order statistics of the Doppler frequency estimates over a predetermined period; estimate a maximum Doppler frequency on the basis of the second order statistics; calculate speed of a communication system terminal using the maximum Doppler frequency.
  • a processor being configured to: determine a predetermined number of frequency estimates; determine an average of the frequency estimates for obtaining an averaged frequency offset; unbias received samples and/or impulse response values using the averaged frequency offset; calculate Doppler frequency estimates using the unbiased received samples and/or impulse response values; calculate selected second order statistics of the Doppler frequency estimates over a predetermined period; estimate a maximum Doppler frequency on the basis of the second order statistics; calculate speed of a communication system terminal using the maximum Doppler frequency.
  • a network element being configured to: determine a predetermined number of frequency estimates; determine an average of the frequency estimates for obtaining an averaged frequency offset; unbias received samples and/or impulse response values using the averaged frequency offset; calculate Doppler frequency estimates using the unbiased received samples and/or impulse response values; calculate selected second order statistics of the Doppler frequency estimates over a predetermined period; estimate a maximum Doppler frequency on the basis of the second order statistics; calculate speed of a communication system terminal using the maximum Doppler frequency.
  • the invention provides several advantages. An embodiment of the invention does not depend on a sampling rate and therefore the embodiment is also suitable for high speeds. The embodiment is also well suited for frequency hopping systems.
  • Figure 3 illustrates an example of a part of a receiver
  • Figure 4 illustrates an example of a part of a network element.
  • FIG. 1 is a simplified illustration of a digital data transmission system to which the solution according to the invention is applicable.
  • This is a part of a cellular radio system, which comprises base station 100, which has bidirectional radio links 102 and 104 to user terminals 106 and 108.
  • the user terminals may be fixed, vehicle-mounted or portable.
  • the base station includes transceivers, for instance. From the transceivers of the base station there is a connection to an antenna unit, which establishes the bi-directional radio links to a user terminal.
  • the base station is further connected to base station controller (BSC) 110, which transmits the connections of the terminals to other parts of the network.
  • BSC base station controller
  • the base station controller is further connected to a core network (CN, not shown).
  • CN core network
  • the counterpart on the CN side can be a mobile services switching centre (MSC), a media gateway (MGW) or a serving GPRS (general packet radio service) support node (SGSN).
  • MSC
  • the cellular radio system can also communicate with other networks, such as a public switched telephone network or the Internet.
  • other networks such as a public switched telephone network or the Internet.
  • Doppler effect is explained in further detail.
  • the transmitter or the receiver is in motion, there is a so-called dynamic multi-path situation in which there is a continuous change in the electrical length of every propagation path and thus the relative phase shifts between them change as a function of a spatial location.
  • the received amplitude (envelope) of the signal varies. At some positions there is constructive addition whilst at others there is almost complete cancellation. In practice, there are of course several different paths which combine in different ways depending on a location.
  • the time variations, or dynamic changes in the propagation path lengths, can be related directly to the motion of the receiver and indirectly to the Doppler effects that arise.
  • the rate of change of phase, due to motion, is apparent as a Doppler frequency shift in each propagation path.
  • the phase change is therefore
  • A is a wave length
  • ⁇ is an incremental change in the path length of the wave dcos a.
  • ⁇ is a phase change
  • At is an incremental change of time
  • v velocity or speed
  • A is a wavelength
  • a is an angle of velocity related to the base station
  • fc is a carrier frequency
  • c is speed of light, 3*10 8 m/s.
  • v is the speed of a user terminal
  • f c is a carrier frequency
  • c is speed of light, 3*10 8 m/s.
  • a predetermined number of frequency estimates are determined.
  • GSM Global System for Mobile Communications
  • EDGE enhanced data rates for global evolution or enhanced data rates for GSM evolution
  • LSE Least Square Error
  • the least square estimator provides unbiased frequency estimates (i.e. it doe not introduce a mean component).
  • Im denotes an imaginary value
  • ⁇ denotes a summing operation
  • n denotes the current received symbol
  • a n denotes the reference values that are obtained
  • h k represents the current channel impulse response value
  • s B _ k represents the transmitted training symbols
  • ⁇ denotes a summing operation
  • Z represents the number of channel impulse response values.
  • an average of the frequency estimates is determined.
  • the average can be determined by calculating a running average as follows:
  • ⁇ k _ ⁇ represents the previous frequency estimate average (calculated, for instance, for the previous burst)
  • ⁇ t represents the frequency estimate over a selected period (for instance a burst)
  • ⁇ is an adaptive constant.
  • the constant ⁇ can be set between
  • predetermined received samples and/or impulse response values are unbiased using the averaged frequency offset.
  • the unbiasing is performed for removing the average frequency component. The unbiasing can be done for received samples as follows:
  • z n represents the received samples before unbiasing
  • M is the period length (for instance a burst length)
  • /de notes a complex value
  • the unbiasing can be done for the impulse response values (or filter taps) using the following equation:
  • h s represents the filter taps or impulse response values before unbiasing
  • L denotes the number of filter taps or impulse response values
  • /de denotes a complex value
  • Doppler frequency estimates are calculated using the unbiased received samples and/or impulse response values.
  • the Doppler frequency estimates can be calculated as follows:
  • z B are the modified received samples (mean/average frequency offset removed), r a ⁇ n-NI2) are constants, ⁇ is an estimated noise variance, ⁇ l is the variance of the frequency offset,
  • ⁇ denotes a summing operation
  • n complex conjugate of reference values obtained after average removal
  • fi k represents the channel impulse response value after average removal (unbiasing)
  • s n _ k denotes the transmitted training symbols
  • ⁇ denotes a summing operation
  • selected second order statistics of the Doppler frequency estimates is calculated over a predetermined period.
  • the maximum Doppler shift cannot be obtained by selecting the highest value from the observations but the observations will be handled statistically.
  • second order statistics There are several possible second order statistics that may be used. In this example, a standard deviation is used. The standard deviation can be calculated:
  • f k represents the frequency estimate over a selected period (for instance a burst)
  • ⁇ denotes a summing operation
  • ⁇ J ⁇ denotes square root
  • k is the period number
  • Equation ⁇ 11 may also be written:
  • f d ⁇ denotes the Doppler shift estimate after unbiasing
  • jV the number of periods (or bursts)
  • ⁇ T denotes square root
  • ⁇ denotes a summing operation
  • a maximum Doppler frequency is estimated on the basis of the second order statistics.
  • the maximum Doppler frequency can be obtained from the following equation:
  • ⁇ sT denotes a square root
  • a means a confident interval or the optimum probability that can capture the maximum Doppler shift from the frequency distribution.
  • Variable a may be chosen with the aid of simulations, and
  • InO means a Napierian logarithm.
  • speed of a communication system terminal is calculated using the maximum Doppler frequency estimate.
  • the speed estimate of a communication system terminal such as a mobile, can be obtained by using the definition of a maximum Doppler shift:
  • fc is a carrier frequency
  • c is speed of light, 3*10 8 m/s
  • f m is obtained from equation (13).
  • the embodiment ends in block 216.
  • the arrow 218 depicts one possibility for repeating the embodiment.
  • FIG. 3 An example of a part of a receiver (typically implemented by a processor or a part of it) is shown in Figure 3.
  • the part of a receiver is typically placed in a network element such as a base station.
  • Input values to block 300 are the received signal samples and/or the previously determined impulse response values and/or the filter tap values. There are several prior art methods to sample a signal, to determine impulse response values or filter tap values. Therefore the methods are not explained here in further detail.
  • frequency estimates are determined by using, for example, equation (4), then they are averaged in block 300 by using, for example, equation (6). Frequency estimates or impulse response values are unbiased using the determined average. The unbiasing is performed for removing the average frequency component. The unbiasing can be performed by using equation (7) and/or (8).
  • selected second order statistics of the Doppler frequency estimates is calculated. The maximum Doppler frequency is estimated in block 304 using the second order statistics (for example variance or standard deviation). The maximum Doppler frequency can be obtained by using equation (13).
  • Speed estimation is performed in block 306 by using, for instance, equation (14).
  • the receiver may also comprise other parts than those shown in Figure 3.
  • Figure 4 shows an example of a part of a base station.
  • the base station is an example of a network element.
  • the transceiver uses the same antenna 408 for receiving and transmitting and therefore there is also a duplex filter 406 to separate transmission and reception.
  • the antenna may be an antenna array or a single antenna.
  • Receiver RF-parts 410 comprise also a power amplifier that amplifies the received signal attenuated on a radio path. Typically RF- parts down-convert a signal to an intermediate frequency and then to a base band frequency or straight to base band frequency.
  • the analogue-to-digital converter 412 converts an analogue signal to digital form by sampling and quantizing.
  • a receiver and a transmitter typically share Digital Signal Processing block 400. There could be separate DSP-blocks for both, too. Typical functions of a DSP block are for example interleaving, coding and ciphering for transmission and corresponding removal functions for reception such as de- interleaving, decoding etc. Digital Signal Processing is known in the art.
  • block 402 converts the signal into an analogue form.
  • RF-parts in block 404 up-convert the signal to a carrier frequency, in other words a radio frequency either via an intermediate frequency or straight to the carrier frequency.
  • RF-parts also comprise a power amplifier which amplifies the signal for a radio path.
  • Control block 414 controls DSP block 400.
  • the control block may also be included into the DSP block.
  • the transceiver may also comprise other parts than those shown in Figure 4.
  • the disclosed functionalities of the described embodiments of the speed detection method can be advantageously implemented by means of software which is typically located in a Digital Signal Processor.
  • the implementation solution can also be, for instance, an ASIC (Application Specific Integrated Circuit) component.
  • a hybrid of these different implementations is also feasible.
  • the speed detection method may also be implemented as a module insertable for instance to a network element.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé de détection de vitesse dans un système de communication, un récepteur, un élément de réseau, et un processeur, le processeur comprenant, par exemple, des moyens de détermination d'un nombre prédéterminé d'estimations de fréquence, des moyens de détermination d'une moyenne des estimations de fréquence en vue d'obtenir un décalage de fréquence moyenne (300), des moyens d'estimation exact des échantillons reçus et/ou des valeurs de réponse d'impulsions utilisant le décalage de fréquence moyenne (300), des moyens permettant de calculer les estimations de fréquence Doppler en utilisant les échantillons reçus exempts d'erreurs systématiques et/ou des valeurs de réponse d'impulsions (302), ainsi que des moyens de calcul des statistiques de second ordre sélectionné des estimations de fréquence Doppler sur une période prédéterminée (304).
PCT/FI2006/050309 2005-07-04 2006-07-03 Procede de detection de vitesse dans un systeme de communication, recepteur, element de reseau et processeur WO2007003715A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP06764547A EP1908195A1 (fr) 2005-07-04 2006-07-03 Procede de detection de vitesse dans un systeme de communication, recepteur, element de reseau et processeur
JP2008518889A JP2009500885A (ja) 2005-07-04 2006-07-03 通信システムにおける速度検出方法、受信機、ネットワーク要素、及びプロセッサ

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FI20050713A FI20050713A0 (fi) 2005-07-04 2005-07-04 Nopeudenilmaisumenetelmä viestintäjärjestelmässä, vastaanotin, verkkoelementti ja prosessori
FI20050713 2005-07-04
US11/448,760 US7505864B2 (en) 2005-07-04 2006-06-08 Speed detection method in communication system, receiver, network element and processor
US11/448,760 2006-06-08

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Cited By (6)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2010016580A1 (fr) * 2008-08-07 2010-02-11 京セラ株式会社 Dispositif de communication radio et procédé pour estimer la vitesse de déplacement du dispositif
WO2013118850A1 (fr) * 2012-02-08 2013-08-15 日本電気株式会社 Terminal d'informations portable, son procédé de démodulation et son programme de commande
WO2013139035A1 (fr) * 2012-03-23 2013-09-26 Qualcomm Incorporated Procédés et appareil pour améliorer l'estimation d'une fréquence à effet doppler dans des systèmes lte
US8687515B2 (en) 2009-11-09 2014-04-01 Mitsubishi Electric Corporation Reception device and method of determining the velocity of the device based on a received pilot signal
CN103959693A (zh) * 2011-12-01 2014-07-30 三菱电机株式会社 接收装置和方法
CN116539067A (zh) * 2023-05-25 2023-08-04 哈尔滨工程大学 一种声学多普勒长期测速精度估计方法

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KR101301240B1 (ko) * 2009-02-26 2013-08-28 삼성전자주식회사 이동통신시스템에서 속도추정 장치 및 방법

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US6542745B1 (en) * 1999-02-08 2003-04-01 Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha Method of estimating the speed of relative movement of a transmitter and a receiver, in communication with one another, of a telecommunication system
US6606363B1 (en) * 1999-12-28 2003-08-12 Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson (Publ) Method and apparatus for estimating a frequency offset by combining pilot symbols and data symbols
US20040097197A1 (en) * 2002-02-14 2004-05-20 Carsten Juncker Mobile station speed estimation
WO2006067680A1 (fr) * 2004-12-24 2006-06-29 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. Procede et dispositif d'estimation de l'etalement doppler

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KR100552581B1 (ko) * 2002-12-28 2006-02-20 엘지전자 주식회사 다운샘플러를 이용한 고성능 도플러주파수추정기
KR101002857B1 (ko) * 2003-09-16 2010-12-21 삼성전자주식회사 이동통신 시스템에서 이동단말의 속도 추정 방법 및 장치

Patent Citations (6)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5513221A (en) * 1994-05-19 1996-04-30 Hughes Aircraft Company Doppler bandwidth dependent estimation of a communications channel
US6542745B1 (en) * 1999-02-08 2003-04-01 Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha Method of estimating the speed of relative movement of a transmitter and a receiver, in communication with one another, of a telecommunication system
US6606363B1 (en) * 1999-12-28 2003-08-12 Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson (Publ) Method and apparatus for estimating a frequency offset by combining pilot symbols and data symbols
US20020172307A1 (en) * 2001-03-27 2002-11-21 David Sandberg Method and apparatus for estimating doppler spread
US20040097197A1 (en) * 2002-02-14 2004-05-20 Carsten Juncker Mobile station speed estimation
WO2006067680A1 (fr) * 2004-12-24 2006-06-29 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. Procede et dispositif d'estimation de l'etalement doppler

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2010016580A1 (fr) * 2008-08-07 2010-02-11 京セラ株式会社 Dispositif de communication radio et procédé pour estimer la vitesse de déplacement du dispositif
US8687515B2 (en) 2009-11-09 2014-04-01 Mitsubishi Electric Corporation Reception device and method of determining the velocity of the device based on a received pilot signal
CN103959693A (zh) * 2011-12-01 2014-07-30 三菱电机株式会社 接收装置和方法
CN103959693B (zh) * 2011-12-01 2016-12-14 三菱电机株式会社 接收装置和方法
WO2013118850A1 (fr) * 2012-02-08 2013-08-15 日本電気株式会社 Terminal d'informations portable, son procédé de démodulation et son programme de commande
WO2013139035A1 (fr) * 2012-03-23 2013-09-26 Qualcomm Incorporated Procédés et appareil pour améliorer l'estimation d'une fréquence à effet doppler dans des systèmes lte
CN116539067A (zh) * 2023-05-25 2023-08-04 哈尔滨工程大学 一种声学多普勒长期测速精度估计方法

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KR100952159B1 (ko) 2010-04-09
KR20080023267A (ko) 2008-03-12

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