WO2006133684A1

WO2006133684A1 - Sport and leisure vehicle

Info

Publication number: WO2006133684A1
Application number: PCT/DE2006/001021
Authority: WO
Inventors: Hektor Steinhilber
Original assignee: Hektor Steinhilber
Priority date: 2005-06-13
Filing date: 2006-06-12
Publication date: 2006-12-21

Abstract

The invention relates to a sport and leisure vehicle which comprises at least three roll wheels. The wheel support (3) of the front wheel, which can be embodied as a front wheel fork, is connected by two control rods (5a, 5b) having two single arm swings (4a, 4b) which can be displaced in the counter direction (4a, 4b) in the rear area. The rolls of the vehicle is coupled to the steering angle. A control ring (16), which can be separated from the coupling, is arranged between the steering head (24) and the wheel support (3), which enables the coupling of the steering angle and the vehicle roll to be either totally or partially lifted. Two wheels having single-arm swings in the opposite direction can also be controlled in the front region of the vehicle. The corresponding compensation device is supported on the vehicle frame.

Description

description

Sports and recreational vehicle

The invention relates to a sports and recreational vehicle with at least three bendable wheels according to the preamble of claim 1. From DE 3506026 C2, from which the preamble was derived, a tricycle with two small front wheels is known in which with the steering movement and the curve inclination is controlled , This vehicle is designed primarily as a synthetic, comparable to a unicycle, and tilts sideways in the state. Neither a relaxed sitting position, nor a safe driving style are possible. WO 86/02897 describes a tricycle whose driver's seat and front fork are rigidly connected to one another. The steering is done here partly by shifting the body weight. However, the handlebar itself is attached to the vehicle frame, which is connected to the two rear wheels. The handlebar does not resonate with the steering movement, but is used to support the body weight. So that the vehicle does not tip over in the curve, the driver's seat is arranged very low. A use in the public traffic does not make sense because of the lack of overview.

From US 5,611, 555 a rear-wheeled motorized tricycle is known whose rear swinging arms are moved in opposite directions at a joint to allow the inclination of the vehicle during cornering. A coupling of steering and inclination is not provided. The vehicle has the same advantages and disadvantages of a single-track vehicle and tilts sideways in the state. From JP 05-139357 A, a tricycle is known, the front wheels are guided on oppositely movable rocker arms. The compensation movement between the two oscillating arms is made possible by a rocker. However, the rocker is mounted directly on the wheel carrier and stimulates the steering of the vehicle - especially with larger gauge - for commuting.

In addition, tricycles are known from the general state of the art, in which the front wheel is driven by a crank and a gear. However, the pedal is here outside the wheel, resulting in a very unfavorable relation of seating position and wheel diameter. Most such vehicles are designed as recumbents with a very small front wheel. The invention is therefore an object of the invention to design a manually or power driven three- or four-wheel vehicle with good traction, the curve inclination is controlled at slow speed mainly by the steering angle and fast travel predominantly by the displacement of the body weight of the driver. With regard to use by children, the object of the invention is to practice the learning of body-displaced vehicle leaning step by step.

According to the invention, the object is solved by the features of patent claim 1. The core of the invention is therefore the idea that the wheel of the vehicle is connected in each case by a control rod with one of the two oppositely movable rear swingarms and the inclination of the vehicle coupled to the steering angle and that arranged between the steering head and the wheel carrier separable with a clutch control ring is, whereby the coupling of steering angle and vehicle inclination can be partially or completely canceled and that in the embodiment as a tricycle, the crankshaft in the front wheel is connected to the input of a switchable, multi-speed transmission and the front hub is connected to the output of this transmission.

Details of the invention are explained in more detail in the following description of the preferred embodiments with reference to the drawings.

Fig.1 View from above on a four-wheeled vehicle.

Fig.2 View from the side on a four-wheeled vehicle

Fig.3 view from the front on a four-wheel vehicle

Fig.4 Isometric view of the steering coupling with control rods

Fig.5 Side view of the tilting technology in the wheel of a four-wheel vehicle

Fig.6 Top view of the tilting technology in the wheel carrier of a four-wheel vehicle Fig.7 sectional drawing of a wheel carrier below the steering head

Fig. 8 oblique position of a four-wheeled vehicle with a narrow track

Fig. 9 center position of a four-wheel vehicle with a wide track

Fig. 10 oblique position of a four-wheel drive vehicle with a wide track

Fig. 11 side view of a children's tricycle

Fig. 12 side view of a tricycle with front wheel

Fig. 13 Side view of a motorized tricycle with integrated footrests

Fig. 14 side view of a motorized tricycle with safety cage

Fig. 15 Isometric view of the steering coupling with hydraulic cylinders

Fig. 16 sectional view of the front wheel of a tricycle with gear

On the vehicle frame (1) of the steering head (24) as a bearing of the wheel carrier (3) and the mounting of the counter-movable rear swingarms (4a, b) and the driver's seat (22) are arranged. Below the steering head (24) is mounted on the wheel carrier (3), which may be designed as a front fork (37), a rotatable control ring (16) which can be firmly connected via a coupling with the wheel carrier (3). By this fixed connection, the movement of the steering angle via two on the control ring (16) located driver (36a, b) and two control rods (5a, b) on the opposite movable rear swing (4a, b) transmitted. When turning to the right, the right rear swing arm (4b) is moved up and the left rear swing arm (4a) is moved down. So the inclination of the vehicle is initiated to the right side.

If the vehicle has only one front wheel (26), the wheel carrier (3), as mentioned, consists of a conventional front fork (37). In the single front wheel (26), as shown in Fig. 11 and 12, a pedal crank (23) integrated be. The shaft (48) of the crank (23) is rotatably received at the lower end of the front fork (37) with the Vorderradgabellagern (38 a, b). The front hub (49) with the hub bearings (39a, b) also rotatably mounted on the shaft (48) of the pedal crank (23). Since a front wheel without gearbox can be driven manually only with great effort and poor traction, the shaft (48) of the pedal crank (23) with the large drive wheel (40) of a chain drive should be firmly connected. The large drive wheel (40) acts via the drive chain (41) on the small drive wheel (42) at the input of a multi-stage, switchable transmission (43). The large output gear (44) at the output of the transmission (43) acts on the output chain (45) on the small output gear (46) which is fixedly connected to the front hub (49). In this way, the central gear shaft (47) can be fixed and mounted at the upper end of the front fork (37). It thus lies outside the front wheel (26) and can be switched with conventional components available on the market.

However, it is also conceivable in the front wheel (26) directly integrated transmission version. Here, the shaft (48) of the pedal crank (23) with the central gear shaft (47) would be identical. The complete transmission (43) would rotate within the front hub (49) together with the shaft (48) of the crank (23). However, the shift rod in the hollow bore of the shaft (48) of the crank (23) would have to be operated either with the feet or by infrared or radio. Basically, the steering angle of the front fork (37) in manual front-wheel drive must be made relatively large in order to minimize negative steering influences by the driving torque of the pedal crank (23). When the vehicle is executed with four wheels and manual rear-wheel drive, as shown in Fig. 1 to 3, takes the wheel carrier (3) on two counter-rotating front wings (6a, b), two front wheels. In this vehicle, due to the displacement of the driver's body weight, the right front swing arm (6a) is moved upward and the left front swing arm (6b) is moved down. In order to ensure a uniform movement, the two front wings (6a, b) via a cable (7) and a pulley (13) are interconnected and positively controlled. The steering angle of the driver in the middle position, the vehicle is returned to the vertical position. Here, two return springs (8a, b) on the oppositely movable front wings (6a, b) ensure that the center position of the vehicle is stabilized. The return springs (8a, b) can be arranged both on the lower and on the upper side of the front wings (6a, b).

The four-wheel drive vehicle can also be driven manually via a crank drive (9) and a chain (10) and, if necessary, assisted by a drive motor (11), for example an electric motor or an internal combustion engine. The crank mechanism works in this case, however, only one of the two rear wheels. When the three- or four-wheeled vehicle has reached a certain driving speed, the centrifugal forces of the wheels (26) stabilize the ride. At higher speeds, therefore, the coupling of steering angle and tilting technology should be canceled by the clutch is disconnected. In a separate state, the control ring (16) rotates freely on the bearing axis (19) of the steering head (24), whereby at the rear wheel swing (4a, b) only the opposite compensating movement is ensured.

The operation of the clutch, which is integrated in the wheel carrier (3), can be done manually with a hand lever (18) with return spring. When stationary or when driving slowly, the hand lever (18) is pulled, whereby the rotation of the control ring (16) is coupled to the steering angle of the wheel carrier (3). When driving fast, the hand lever (18) is released. Now the control ring (16) only loosely serves as a transmission member for the opposite movement of the rear wheel swing (4a, b). In a simple embodiment, instead of the hand lever and a screw (37) can be used with the coupling of steering angle and inclination can be varied in general.

The coupling itself may be designed as a spring-loaded wedge (33), which presses on a flattened portion of the control ring (16).

In the motorized version, the actuation of the clutch on the control ring (16) can also be done automatically. For this purpose, a hydraulic pump (20) is flanged onto the output shaft (27) of the drive motor (11), which is connected via a hydraulic line to the clutch. The higher the speed of the output shaft (27) becomes, the higher the hydraulic pressure becomes. Upon reaching a certain pressure, a hydraulic valve is actuated, which separates the clutch on the control ring (16). In this way, the steering angle is coupled to the wheel carrier (3) at low driving speed to the opposite movement of the rear wheel swing (4a, b) and is automatically released at higher speed. The drivers (36a, b) on the control ring (16) can also act with hydraulic cylinders (20) and a hydraulic line (21a, b) instead of with a control rod (5a, b) on the counter-movable rear swinging wheels (4a, b). Since mainly tensile load occurs, the connection with chains is conceivable. The return of the rear swingarms (4a, b) in the balanced O-position for a straight-ahead driving as at the front wheel swing (6a, b) with return springs 8 (c, d). The return springs (8a, b, c, d) can also be designed as a plastic buffer.

The tricycle with two rear wheels and a front wheel, as shown in FIGS. 11 and 12, is driven in the simplest variant with a direct crank (23) in the front wheel (26), resulting in the construction of a children's tricycle. Tilt and steering are coupled here. This makes it very easy to learn the angle when cornering for children. The first driving exercises can be supported here by a flanged push and handlebar (14). Analogous to the growing driving skills of the children, the track width of the rear wheels can be reduced. Thus, the oblique position - similar to the corresponding four-wheel vehicles possible - increases when cornering, as shown in Fig. 8-10. The clutch for separating the control ring (16) can be omitted in this type of learning vehicles because of the low speeds.

In order to achieve a slightly lower seating position in motorized vehicles in conjunction with a small vehicle length, the footrest system (32) fixed to the wheel carrier (3), which is executed in a tricycle with two rear wheels as a front fork (37). For safety reasons, the footrest system (32) is integrated in the protective plate (31) of the front wheel (26).

The further expansion of the vehicle with tilting technology for individual, all-time public transport means of transport results from a closed construction, which acts as a safety cell. It is formed by the manually or automatically pivotable roof (34) and the likewise pivotable windshield (30) with subframe (35) and the vehicle frame (1).

Claims

claims

1. sports and recreational vehicle with at least three bendable wheels with a vehicle frame having a steering head, in which a wheel carrier, which can be designed as a front fork, is rotatably mounted and a pedal crank, characterized in that the wheel carrier (3) respectively a control rod (5a, b) is connected to one of the two counter-movable rear swinging arms (4a, b) and couples the inclination of the vehicle to the steering angle and that between the steering head (24) and the wheel carrier (3) a releasable with a clutch control ring (16) is arranged, whereby the coupling of steering angle and vehicle inclination can be partially or completely canceled and that the shaft (48) of the crank (23) in the front wheel (26) by a drive chain (41) with the input of a switchable, multi-speed transmission (43) is connected and the output of this transmission (43) to the front hub (49) by a driven chain (45) is connected.

2. Vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that the coupling on the control ring (16) with a hand lever (18) is connected and is separated by the actuation thereof.

3. Vehicle according to claim 1 and 2, characterized in that the wheel carrier (3) also in each case by a hydraulic line (21 a, b) or a chain with one of the two counter-movable rear swinging wheels (4 a, b) is connected and the inclination of the vehicle coupled to the steering angle.

4. Vehicle according to claim 1 to 3, characterized in that the output shaft (27) of the drive motor (11) drives a hydraulic pump (20), which via a hydraulic line with the Coupling of the control ring (16) is connected and separates them depending on the driving speed partially or completely.

5. Vehicle according to claim 1 to 4, characterized in that the coupling of the control ring (16) consists of a with an adjusting screw (37) adjustable spring-loaded wedge (33).

6. Vehicle according to claim 1 to 5, characterized in that between the vehicle frame (1) and the two oppositely movable rear swinging wheels (4a, b) each have a return spring (8c, d) is mounted, which the rear wheel swing (4a, b) in a attributed balanced middle position.

7. Vehicle according to claim 1 to 6, characterized in that in a motor-driven tricycle, the footrest system (32) is attached to the stanchions of the front fork (37) and with the front fender (31) a wind-protected storage for the feet and legs of the driver forms.

8. Vehicle according to claim 1 to 7, characterized in that the pivotable roof (34) of the vehicle and the subframe (35), the likewise pivotable windshield (30), together with the vehicle frame (1) form a safety cage.

9. Vehicle according to claim 1 to 8, characterized in that the shaft (48) of the crank (23) is also connected by a cardan shaft to the input of the transmission (43) and the front hub (49) by a propeller shaft to the output of Gearbox (43) is connected.

10. Vehicle according to claim 1 to 9, characterized in that in a wheel carrier (3) with two front wheels (26 a, b) a compensating device for controlling counter-movable front wheel swing (6 a, b) on the vehicle frame (1) is supported.