WO2006130892A1 - Installation for generating electrical energy - Google Patents

Installation for generating electrical energy Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2006130892A1
WO2006130892A1 PCT/AT2006/000231 AT2006000231W WO2006130892A1 WO 2006130892 A1 WO2006130892 A1 WO 2006130892A1 AT 2006000231 W AT2006000231 W AT 2006000231W WO 2006130892 A1 WO2006130892 A1 WO 2006130892A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
photovoltaic elements
adjustable
support
cables
installation according
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/AT2006/000231
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Hans Günter CZALOUN
Original Assignee
Innova Patent Gmbh
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from ITBZ20050029 external-priority patent/ITBZ20050029A1/en
Priority claimed from ITBZ20060007 external-priority patent/ITBZ20060007A1/en
Application filed by Innova Patent Gmbh filed Critical Innova Patent Gmbh
Publication of WO2006130892A1 publication Critical patent/WO2006130892A1/en

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
    • H02S20/00—Supporting structures for PV modules
    • H02S20/10—Supporting structures directly fixed to the ground
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S25/00—Arrangement of stationary mountings or supports for solar heat collector modules
    • F24S25/50—Arrangement of stationary mountings or supports for solar heat collector modules comprising elongate non-rigid elements, e.g. straps, wires or ropes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S30/00—Arrangements for moving or orienting solar heat collector modules
    • F24S30/40—Arrangements for moving or orienting solar heat collector modules for rotary movement
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S30/00—Arrangements for moving or orienting solar heat collector modules
    • F24S2030/10—Special components
    • F24S2030/13—Transmissions
    • F24S2030/133—Transmissions in the form of flexible elements, e.g. belts, chains, ropes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S30/00—Arrangements for moving or orienting solar heat collector modules
    • F24S2030/10—Special components
    • F24S2030/13—Transmissions
    • F24S2030/136—Transmissions for moving several solar collectors by common transmission elements
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
    • Y02E10/47—Mountings or tracking
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy

Definitions

  • the subject invention relates to a system for the production of electrical energy by means of arranged on a support structure photovoltaic elements.
  • the subject invention is based on the finding that the arrangement of photovoltaic elements above parking lots as well as above orchards, crops and the like. a combination effect can be achieved in that on the one hand electrical energy can be obtained and on the other hand, the parking spaces for motor vehicles can be shaded in the desired manner or the fruit crops or the crops can be protected against damage by hailstorms or against bird swarms.
  • This combination effect is achieved by having a group of masts or the like. is provided, to which a predominantly formed by cables support structure is fixed for the photovoltaic elements, wherein the photovoltaic elements are at a distance above the ground.
  • a predominantly formed by cables support structure is fixed for the photovoltaic elements, wherein the photovoltaic elements are at a distance above the ground.
  • the structure for the photovoltaic elements is mainly formed by ropes, whereby the requirements of a stable structural design is met at a relatively low cost of materials in an optimal manner.
  • the structure which is in particular rectangular in plan view, at least at its corners on the masts or the like. attached.
  • the structure is at least two opposite side edges with mounting rails or the like. formed, between which at least approximately parallel aligned support cables or control cables are stretched for the attachment and adjustment of the photovoltaic elements.
  • at least approximately parallel aligned support cables or control cables are stretched for the attachment and adjustment of the photovoltaic elements.
  • the photovoltaic elements are articulated at one of the two horizontally spaced apart ends to a first, non-adjustable in the longitudinal direction suspension rope, whereas they are hinged at its other end to at least one adjustable in the longitudinal direction of the second suspension cable, wherein by a movement of the adjustable support cable, the photovoltaic elements in their angular position relative to the orientation of the support cables are adjustable so that they are the East-West movement of the sun trackable.
  • the photovoltaic elements are pivotable about an axis oriented at least approximately horizontally, whereby they are trackable to the ridge of the sun.
  • the photovoltaic elements may be mounted on an approximately horizontally oriented shaft, wherein the one end of this shaft is articulated to a non-adjustable support cable, whereas the other end of the shaft to at least one adjustable in the longitudinal direction supporting cable or Stellseil is articulated.
  • two adjustable in their longitudinal direction supporting ropes or adjusting ropes are provided and one end of the shaft is formed with a transversely oriented to this two-armed pivot lever, the two arms are articulated to a respective Seiltrum the two adjustable support ropes or control cables.
  • Fig.l and Ia a plant according to the invention for the production of electrical energy, by means of photovoltaic elements, which have two operating positions, in side view; Figures 2, 2a and 2b, the system according to Fig.l in three different operating positions of the photovoltaic elements, each in plan view.
  • FIG 3 shows a detail of Figure 2, 2a and 2b, in relation to this enlarged view;
  • Figures 4 and 4a a detail for adjusting the photovoltaic elements, in a schematic representation;
  • FIGS. 5a to 5d each show two photovoltaic elements in different operating positions, in axonometric representation.
  • the plant shown in Fig.l in side view for the production of electrical energy consists of a supporting structure 1 for a plurality of photovoltaic elements 2, which is supported by masts 3 and spaced from the ground above a parking lot for motor vehicles, an orchard, a Plantation or the like located.
  • the structure 1 consists predominantly of ropes, in particular of steel cables, to which the photovoltaic elements 2 are fixed so that they are the direction of the incident sun rays adjustable. In order to achieve optimum efficiency of the photovoltaic elements 2, these must each be in the normal plane of the incident sunbeams.
  • the masts 3 are secured by tension cables 31.
  • Fig. Ia the system according to Fig.l is shown, wherein the angular position of the photovoltaic elements 2 is changed according to an elevated position of the sun.
  • the support structure 1 which is preferably rectangular in plan view, two tensioned between the masts 3, longitudinally extending first support cables 11, further provided between the masts 3 transverse support rails 12 and supporting cables and also between the transverse support rails 12 and supporting cables tensioned further longitudinal support cables 11 and 13, to which the photovoltaic elements 2 are hinged.
  • the first support cables 11 are not adjustable in their longitudinal direction.
  • the second support cables 13 are each formed with two runs 13a and 13b, wherein they are guided at the ends of the self-contained loops via pulleys 14, whereby they are adjustable in their longitudinal direction.
  • the photovoltaic elements 2, which are in each case between a first support cable 11 which is not adjustable in its longitudinal direction and a second support cable 13 which is adjustable in its longitudinal direction, are articulated to the support cables 11 and 13 in such a way that they are displaced by an adjustment of the second support cables 13 Longitudinal direction relative to the orientation of the support cables 11 and 13 are pivotable.
  • the second support cables 13 are formed with two Trumen 13 a and 13 b, which are each guided in a self-contained loop and arranged in two juxtaposed rows photovoltaic elements 2 hinged with their ends facing each other to the two strands 13 a and 13 b are all of the arranged in two juxtaposed rows photovoltaic elements 2 can be adjusted by means of a second support cable 13 in oblique positions relative to the orientation of the support cables 11 and 13, thereby tracking the movement of the sun in east-west direction.
  • FIG. 3 in which the articulation of two photovoltaic elements 2 on the one hand on two non-adjustable in the longitudinal direction of the first support cables 11 and on the other hand to the two strands 13a and 13b of a longitudinally adjustable second support cable 13 is shown wherein the second support cable 13 is guided over two pulleys 14 and the two photovoltaic Elements 2 are each hinged to one of the two strands 13a and 13b, whereby an opposite pivoting of the two photovoltaic elements 2 is effected in an adjustment of the second support cable 13.
  • the photovoltaic elements 2 are mounted for this purpose on an approximately horizontally oriented axis 21 which, at its end which faces a further self-contained adjustable carrying cable 15, has a transversely projecting two-armed axis Swivel lever 22 is formed, which is articulated with its free ends to the two strands 15 a and 15 b of this adjustable support cable 15.
  • a rotation of the shaft 21 whereby the position of the photovoltaic element 2 is also adjustable relative to the ridge of the sun.
  • two photovoltaic elements 2 can be seen, which are each articulated at one of its ends to a non-adjustable support cable 11 and with its other ends, which face each other, to two further support cables 23 and 25, which are adjustable.
  • two further support cables 23 and 25 which are adjustable.
  • the photovoltaic elements 2 are adjustable in their pivotal positions and in their tilting positions.
  • the two photovoltaic elements 2 are pivoted by co-rotating adjustments of the two Seiltrume 23a and 25b and 25a and 23b against each other, wherein the tilting position is unchanged.
  • the two photovoltaic elements 2 are in turn aligned parallel to each other, but the two Seiltrume 23a and 25b and 25a and 23b are adjusted in opposite directions, so that by adjusting the two photovoltaic elements 2 via the pivot lever 22 about the horizontal axes 21st are pivoted so that they are tracked the changed in their level of the sun.
  • the two photovoltaic elements 2 are pivoted by adjustments of the two support cables 23 and 25 both opposite to the direction of the support cables 11 and pivoted about the shaft 21, whereby they both the east-west movement of the sun and the ride height of the Sun are tracked. By means of these adjustments, the photovoltaic elements 2 can thus be brought into the normal plane of the incident light beams in each case.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to an installation for generating electrical energy by means of photovoltaic elements arranged on a carrier construction. Said installation comprises a group of masts (3) or the like, to which a supporting framework (1) mainly formed by cables is fixed for the photovoltaic elements (2). The photovoltaic elements (2) are located at a certain distance above the ground.

Description

Anlage zur Gewinnung von elektrischer Energie Plant for the production of electrical energy
Die gegenständliche Erfindung betrifft eine Anlage zur Gewinnung von elektrischer Energie mittels auf einer Tragkonstruktion angeordneter photovoltaischer Elemente.The subject invention relates to a system for the production of electrical energy by means of arranged on a support structure photovoltaic elements.
Es ist bekannt, photovoltaische Elemente an Dächern oder an Fassaden von Gebäuden bzw. an eigens dafür errichteten Tragkonstruktionen u.dgl. zu befestigen. Es ist weiters bekannt, photovoltaische Elemente beweglich anzuordnen, um sie einerseits den über die Tage erfolgenden Ost-West-Bewegungen der Sonne und andererseits den sich über die Tage bzw. dem sich über das Jahr verändernden Höhenstand der Sonne so nachzuführen, dass sich die photovoltaischen Elemente jeweils in der Normalebene der einfallenden Sonnenstrahlen befinden. Es wird hiezu darauf verwiesen, dass durch Abweichungen der Lagen der photovoltaischen Elemente von der Normalebene der einfallenden Sonnenstrahlen sehr maßgebliche Verluste im Wirkungsgrad verursacht werden.It is known photovoltaic elements on roofs or facades of buildings or on specially constructed supporting structures and the like. to fix. It is also known to arrange movable photovoltaic elements to track them on the one hand the day-to-day East-West movements of the sun and on the other hand over the days or over the year changing ridge of the sun so that the photovoltaic Elements are each located in the normal plane of the incident sunbeams. It is pointed out that deviations of the layers of the photovoltaic elements from the normal plane of the incident solar rays cause very significant losses in the efficiency.
Soferne photovoltaische Elemente an für diese gesondert errichteten Tragkonstruktionen vorgesehen werden, muss der für diese Tragkonstruktionen erforderliche Platz zur Verfügung gestellt werden.If solar photovoltaic elements are to be provided for these separately constructed supporting structures, the space required for these supporting structures must be made available.
Soferne photovoltaische Elemente an schon zur Verfügung stehenden Tragkonstruktionen, wie an Dächern oder an Fassaden von Gebäuden u.dgl., vorgesehen werden, ist für deren Befestigung kein gesonderter Platz erforderlich.Softern photovoltaic elements on already available supporting structures, such as on roofs or facades of buildings, etc., are provided, no separate space is required for their attachment.
Es ist bekannt, Parkplätze für Kraftfahrzeuge mittels Sonnenschutzdächern abzuschatten, um hierdurch ein starkes Aufheizen der Kraftfahrzeuge und dadurch verursachte Beschädigungen derselben zu verhindern bzw. um deren Benützung zu erleichtern. Weiters ist es bekannt, oberhalb von Obstplantagen Netze zu spannen oder Gitter vorzusehen, um die Plantagen gegen Schädigungen der Früchte durch Hagelschläge bzw. gegenüber dem Einfall von Vogelschwärmen zu schützen. In gleicher Weise können Pflanzenkulturen gegenüber Hagelschlägen geschützt werden.It is known to shade parking areas for motor vehicles by means of sunshades in order to prevent a strong heating of the motor vehicle and damage caused by the same or to facilitate their use. Furthermore, it is known to stretch above orchards nets or provide grids to protect the plantations against damage to the fruits by hail or against the invasion of bird swarms. In the same way, crops can be protected against hailstorms.
Der gegenständlichen Erfindung liegt die Erkenntnis zugrunde, dass durch die Anordnung von photovoltaischen Elementen oberhalb von Parkplätzen ebenso wie oberhalb von Obstplantagen, Pflanzenkulturen u.dgl. dadurch ein Kombinationseffekt erzielbar ist, dass einerseits elektrische Energie gewonnen werden kann und dass andererseits die Parkplätze für Kraftfahrzeuge in der gewünschten Weise abgeschattet bzw. die Obstkulturen bzw. die Pflanzenkulturen gegen Schädigungen durch Hagelschläge oder gegenüber Vogelschwärmen gesichert werden können.The subject invention is based on the finding that the arrangement of photovoltaic elements above parking lots as well as above orchards, crops and the like. a combination effect can be achieved in that on the one hand electrical energy can be obtained and on the other hand, the parking spaces for motor vehicles can be shaded in the desired manner or the fruit crops or the crops can be protected against damage by hailstorms or against bird swarms.
Dieser Kombinationseffekt wird dadurch erzielt, dass eine Gruppe von Masten od.dgl. vorgesehen ist, an welchen ein überwiegend durch Seile gebildetes Tragwerk für die photovoltaischen Elemente befestigt ist, wobei sich die photovoltaischen Elemente im Abstand oberhalb des Boden befinden. Maßgeblich dabei ist es, dass das Tragwerk für die photovoltaischen Elemente überwiegend durch Seile gebildet ist, wodurch den Erfordernissen einer stabilen konstruktiven Gestaltung bei relativ geringem Materialaufwand in optimaler Weise entsprochen wird.This combination effect is achieved by having a group of masts or the like. is provided, to which a predominantly formed by cables support structure is fixed for the photovoltaic elements, wherein the photovoltaic elements are at a distance above the ground. Decisive here is that the structure for the photovoltaic elements is mainly formed by ropes, whereby the requirements of a stable structural design is met at a relatively low cost of materials in an optimal manner.
Vorzugsweise ist das Tragwerk, welches in Draufsicht insbesondere rechteckig ausgebildet ist, zumindest an seinen Ecken an den Masten od.dgl. befestigt. Nach einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform ist das Tragwerk an zumindest zwei gegenüberliegenden Seitenkanten mit Tragschienen od.dgl. ausgebildet, zwischen welchen zumindest angenähert parallel zueinander ausgerichtete Tragseile bzw. Stellseile für die Befestigung und Verstellung der photovoltaischen Elemente gespannt sind. Dabei befinden sich vorzugsweise zwischen zwei in Draufsicht nebeneinander befindlichen und zueinander zumindest angenähert parallel ausgerichteten Tragseilen zu diesen quer ausgerichtete photovoltaische Elemente.Preferably, the structure, which is in particular rectangular in plan view, at least at its corners on the masts or the like. attached. According to a preferred embodiment, the structure is at least two opposite side edges with mounting rails or the like. formed, between which at least approximately parallel aligned support cables or control cables are stretched for the attachment and adjustment of the photovoltaic elements. In this case, preferably located between two in plan view next to each other and at least approximately parallel aligned support cables to these transversely oriented photovoltaic elements.
Nach einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausführungsform sind die photovoltaischen Elemente an einem der beiden horizontal voneinander im Abstand befindlichen Enden an ein erstes, in dessen Längsrichtung nicht verstellbares Tragseil angelenkt, wogegen sie mit ihrem anderen Ende an mindestens ein in dessen Längsrichtung verstellbares zweites Tragseil angelenkt sind, wobei durch eine Bewegung des verstellbaren Tragseiles die photovoltaischen Elemente in ihrer Winkellage gegenüber der Ausrichtung der Tragseile verstellbar sind, sodass sie der Ost- West-Bewegung der Sonne nachführbar sind.According to a further preferred embodiment, the photovoltaic elements are articulated at one of the two horizontally spaced apart ends to a first, non-adjustable in the longitudinal direction suspension rope, whereas they are hinged at its other end to at least one adjustable in the longitudinal direction of the second suspension cable, wherein by a movement of the adjustable support cable, the photovoltaic elements in their angular position relative to the orientation of the support cables are adjustable so that they are the East-West movement of the sun trackable.
Weiters sind vorzugsweise die photovoltaischen Elemente um eine zumindest angenähert horizontal ausgerichtete Achse verschwenkbar, wodurch sie dem Höhenstand der Sonne nachführbar sind. Hierfür können die photovoltaischen Elemente auf einer angenähert horizontal ausgerichteten Welle befestigt sein, wobei das eine Ende dieser Welle an ein nicht verstellbares Tragseil angelenkt ist, wogegen das andere Ende der Welle an mindestens ein in dessen Längsrichtung verstellbares Tragseil bzw. Stellseil angelenkt ist. Vorzugsweise sind zwei in ihrer Längsrichtung verstellbare Tragseile bzw. Stellseile vorgesehen und ist das eine Ende der Welle mit einem quer zu dieser ausgerichteten doppelarmigen Schwenkhebel ausgebildet, dessen beide Arme an jeweils ein Seiltrum der beiden verstellbaren Tragseile bzw. Stellseile angelenkt sind.Furthermore, preferably, the photovoltaic elements are pivotable about an axis oriented at least approximately horizontally, whereby they are trackable to the ridge of the sun. For this purpose, the photovoltaic elements may be mounted on an approximately horizontally oriented shaft, wherein the one end of this shaft is articulated to a non-adjustable support cable, whereas the other end of the shaft to at least one adjustable in the longitudinal direction supporting cable or Stellseil is articulated. Preferably, two adjustable in their longitudinal direction supporting ropes or adjusting ropes are provided and one end of the shaft is formed with a transversely oriented to this two-armed pivot lever, the two arms are articulated to a respective Seiltrum the two adjustable support ropes or control cables.
Der Gegenstand der Erfindung ist nachstehend anhand eines in der Zeichnung dargestellten Ausführungsbeispieles näher erläutert. Es zeigen:The object of the invention is explained below with reference to an embodiment shown in the drawing. Show it:
Die Fig.l und Ia eine erfindungsgemäße Anlage zur Gewinnung von elektrischer Energie, mittels photovoltaischer Elemente, welche zwei Betriebsstellungen aufweisen, in Seitenansicht; die Fig.2, 2a und 2b die Anlage nach Fig.l in drei unterschiedlichen Betriebsstellungen der photovoltaischen Elemente, jeweils in Draufsicht;Fig.l and Ia a plant according to the invention for the production of electrical energy, by means of photovoltaic elements, which have two operating positions, in side view; Figures 2, 2a and 2b, the system according to Fig.l in three different operating positions of the photovoltaic elements, each in plan view.
Fig.3 ein Detail der Fig.2, 2a bzw. 2b, in gegenüber diesen vergrößerter Darstellung; die Fig.4 und 4a ein Detail zur Verstellung der photovoltaischen Elemente, in schematisierter Darstellung; und die Fig.5a bis 5d jeweils zwei photovoltaische Elemente in unterschiedlichen Betriebsstellungen, in axonometrischer Darstellung.3 shows a detail of Figure 2, 2a and 2b, in relation to this enlarged view; Figures 4 and 4a a detail for adjusting the photovoltaic elements, in a schematic representation; and FIGS. 5a to 5d each show two photovoltaic elements in different operating positions, in axonometric representation.
Die in Fig.l in Seitenansicht dargestellte Anlage zur Gewinnung von elektrischer Energie besteht aus einem Tragwerk 1 für eine Vielzahl von photovoltaischen Elementen 2, welches von Masten 3 getragen ist und welches sich im Abstand vom Boden oberhalb eines Parkplatzes für Kraftfahrzeuge, einer Obstplantage, einer Pflanzenplantage od.dgl. befindet. Das Tragwerk 1 besteht dabei überwiegend aus Seilen, insbesondere aus Stahlseilen, an welchen die photovoltaischen Elemente 2 so befestigt sind, dass sie der Richtung der einfallenden Sonnenstrahlen nachstellbar sind. Um einen optimalen Wirkungsgrad der photovoltaischen Elemente 2 zu erzielen, müssen sich diese jeweils in der Normalebene der einfallenden Sonnenstrahlen befinden. Die Masten 3 sind durch Spannseile 31 gesichert.The plant shown in Fig.l in side view for the production of electrical energy consists of a supporting structure 1 for a plurality of photovoltaic elements 2, which is supported by masts 3 and spaced from the ground above a parking lot for motor vehicles, an orchard, a Plantation or the like located. The structure 1 consists predominantly of ropes, in particular of steel cables, to which the photovoltaic elements 2 are fixed so that they are the direction of the incident sun rays adjustable. In order to achieve optimum efficiency of the photovoltaic elements 2, these must each be in the normal plane of the incident sunbeams. The masts 3 are secured by tension cables 31.
In Fig. Ia ist die Anlage gemäß Fig.l dargestellt, wobei die Winkellage der photovoltaischen Elemente 2 entsprechend einem erhöhten Sonnenstand verändert ist. Wie dies aus Fig.2 ersichtlich ist, weist das Tragwerk 1, welches in Draufsicht vorzugsweise rechteckig ausgebildet ist, zwei zwischen den Masten 3 gespannte, sich längs erstreckende erste Tragseile 11 , weiters zwei zwischen den Masten 3 vorgesehene quer verlaufende Tragschienen 12 bzw. Tragseile und zudem zwischen den quer verlaufenden Tragschienen 12 bzw. Tragseilen gespannte weitere längsverlaufende Tragseile 11 bzw. 13 auf, an welche die photovoltaischen Elemente 2 angelenkt sind.In Fig. Ia, the system according to Fig.l is shown, wherein the angular position of the photovoltaic elements 2 is changed according to an elevated position of the sun. As can be seen from Figure 2, the support structure 1, which is preferably rectangular in plan view, two tensioned between the masts 3, longitudinally extending first support cables 11, further provided between the masts 3 transverse support rails 12 and supporting cables and also between the transverse support rails 12 and supporting cables tensioned further longitudinal support cables 11 and 13, to which the photovoltaic elements 2 are hinged.
Dabei sind die ersten Tragseile 11 in ihrer Längsrichtung nicht verstellbar. Demgegenüber sind die zweiten Tragseile 13 jeweils mit zwei Trumen 13a und 13b ausgebildet, wobei sie an den Enden der in sich geschlossenen Schleifen über Umlenkrollen 14 geführt sind, wodurch sie in ihrer Längsrichtung verstellbar sind.In this case, the first support cables 11 are not adjustable in their longitudinal direction. In contrast, the second support cables 13 are each formed with two runs 13a and 13b, wherein they are guided at the ends of the self-contained loops via pulleys 14, whereby they are adjustable in their longitudinal direction.
Die photovoltaischen Elemente 2, welche sich jeweils zwischen einem in dessen Längsrichtung nicht verstellbaren ersten Tragseil 11 und einem in dessen Längsrichtung verstellbaren zweiten Tragseil 13 befinden, sind an die Tragseile 11 und 13 so angelenkt, dass sie durch eine Verstellung der zweiten Tragseile 13 in deren Längsrichtung gegenüber der Ausrichtung der Tragseile 11 und 13 verschwenkbar sind. Dadurch, dass die zweiten Tragseile 13 mit zwei Trumen 13a und 13b ausgebildet sind, welche jeweils in einer in sich geschlossenen Schleife geführt sind und die in zwei nebeneinander befindlichen Reihen angeordneten photovoltaischen Elemente 2 mit ihren einander zugewandten Enden an die beiden Trume 13a und 13b angelenkt sind, können sämtliche der in zwei nebeneinander befindlichen Reihen angeordneten photovoltaischen Elemente 2 jeweils mittels eines zweiten Tragseiles 13 in schräge Lagen gegenüber der Ausrichtung der Tragseile 11 und 13 verstellt werden, um sie hierdurch der Bewegung der Sonne in Ost- West-Richtung nachzuführen.The photovoltaic elements 2, which are in each case between a first support cable 11 which is not adjustable in its longitudinal direction and a second support cable 13 which is adjustable in its longitudinal direction, are articulated to the support cables 11 and 13 in such a way that they are displaced by an adjustment of the second support cables 13 Longitudinal direction relative to the orientation of the support cables 11 and 13 are pivotable. Characterized in that the second support cables 13 are formed with two Trumen 13 a and 13 b, which are each guided in a self-contained loop and arranged in two juxtaposed rows photovoltaic elements 2 hinged with their ends facing each other to the two strands 13 a and 13 b are all of the arranged in two juxtaposed rows photovoltaic elements 2 can be adjusted by means of a second support cable 13 in oblique positions relative to the orientation of the support cables 11 and 13, thereby tracking the movement of the sun in east-west direction.
In den Fig.2, 2a und 2b sind drei unterschiedliche Einfallsrichtungen der Sonnenstrahlen dargestellt, wobei die photovoltaischen Elemente 2 mittels der Tragseile 13 jeweils in eine solche Schräglage verstellt worden sind, dass sie sich in der Normalebene der einfallenden Sonnenstrahlen befinden.2, 2a and 2b, three different directions of incidence of the sun's rays are shown, wherein the photovoltaic elements 2 have been adjusted by means of the support cables 13 each in such an inclined position that they are in the normal plane of the incident sunbeams.
Es wird hiezu weiters auf Fig.3 verwiesen, in welcher die Anlenkung von zwei photovoltaischen Elementen 2 einerseits an zwei in deren Längsrichtung nicht verstellbare erste Tragseile 11 und andererseits an die zwei Trume 13a und 13b eines in seiner Längsrichtung verstellbaren zweiten Tragseiles 13 dargestellt ist, wobei das zweite Tragseil 13 über zwei Umlenkrollen 14 geführt ist und die beiden photovoltaischen Elemente 2 jeweils an eines der beiden Trume 13a und 13b angelenkt sind, wodurch bei einer Verstellung des zweiten Tragseiles 13 eine gegenläufige Verschwenkung der beiden photovoltaischen Elemente 2 bewirkt wird.Reference is further made to Figure 3, in which the articulation of two photovoltaic elements 2 on the one hand on two non-adjustable in the longitudinal direction of the first support cables 11 and on the other hand to the two strands 13a and 13b of a longitudinally adjustable second support cable 13 is shown wherein the second support cable 13 is guided over two pulleys 14 and the two photovoltaic Elements 2 are each hinged to one of the two strands 13a and 13b, whereby an opposite pivoting of the two photovoltaic elements 2 is effected in an adjustment of the second support cable 13.
Bei der Einstellung der photovoltaischen Elemente 2 muss weiters berücksichtigt werden, dass sich der Höhenstand der Sonne einerseits im Tagesverlauf und andererseits im Jahresverlauf ändert, weswegen die photovoltaischen Elemente 2 weiters um eine angenähert horizontal ausgerichtete Achse verstellbar sein müssen. Wie dies weiters aus den Fig.4 und 4a ersichtlich ist, sind hierfür die photovoltaischen Elemente 2 an einer angenähert waagrecht ausgerichteten Achse 21 gelagert, welche an ihrem Ende, welches einem weiteren in sich geschlossenen verstellbaren Tragseil 15 zugewandt ist, mit einem quer abragenden zweiarmigen Schwenkhebel 22 ausgebildet ist, der mit seinen freien Enden an die beiden Trume 15a und 15b dieses verstellbaren Tragseiles 15 angelenkt ist. Durch eine gegenläufige Verstellung der beiden Trume 15a und 15b erfolgt über den Schwenkhebel 22 eine Verdrehung der Welle 21, wodurch die Lage des photovoltaischen Elementes 2 auch gegenüber dem Höhenstand der Sonne einstellbar ist.When adjusting the photovoltaic elements 2 must further be taken into account that changes the height of the sun on the one hand during the day and on the other hand in the course of the year, which is why the photovoltaic elements 2 must be further adjustable by an approximately horizontally oriented axis. As can be seen further from FIGS. 4 and 4a, the photovoltaic elements 2 are mounted for this purpose on an approximately horizontally oriented axis 21 which, at its end which faces a further self-contained adjustable carrying cable 15, has a transversely projecting two-armed axis Swivel lever 22 is formed, which is articulated with its free ends to the two strands 15 a and 15 b of this adjustable support cable 15. By an opposite adjustment of the two strands 15a and 15b via the pivot lever 22, a rotation of the shaft 21, whereby the position of the photovoltaic element 2 is also adjustable relative to the ridge of the sun.
Es wird hiezu darauf verwiesen, dass die konstruktive Gestaltung der Stelleinrichtungen vorstehend vereinfacht dargestellt und erläutert ist. Die tatsächliche konstruktive Gestaltung und deren Wirkungsweise sind nachstehend anhand der Fig.5 und Fig.5a bis 5c erläutert:It is to be noted that the structural design of the adjusting devices has been simplified and explained above. The actual structural design and its mode of action are explained below with reference to Figure 5 and 5a to 5c:
Aus diesen Darstellungen sind zwei photovoltaische Elemente 2 ersichtlich, welche jeweils an einem ihrer Enden an ein nicht verstellbares Tragseil 11 und mit ihren anderen Enden, welche einander zugewandt sind, an zwei weitere Tragseile 23 und 25, welche verstellbar sind, angelenkt sind. Durch die Verstellung der TragseileFrom these representations, two photovoltaic elements 2 can be seen, which are each articulated at one of its ends to a non-adjustable support cable 11 and with its other ends, which face each other, to two further support cables 23 and 25, which are adjustable. By adjusting the suspension cables
23 und 25 sind die photovoltaischen Elemente 2 in ihren Schwenklagen und in ihren Kipplagen einstellbar.23 and 25, the photovoltaic elements 2 are adjustable in their pivotal positions and in their tilting positions.
Dabei sind die beiden Trag- bzw. Stellseile 23 und 25 mittels jeweils vier SeilscheibenIn this case, the two support or control cables 23 and 25 by means of four sheaves
24 und 26 in zwei sich räumlich kreuzenden Schleifen geführt, wobei sich jeweils die zwei Seiltrume 23a und 25b bzw. 25a und 23b übereinander befinden und wobei an diese Seiltrume 23a und 25b bzw. 25a und 23b die Schwenkhebel 22 angelenkt sind. In Fig.5 sind die beiden photovoltaischen Elemente 2 dargestellt, welche parallel zueinander ausgerichtet sind, wobei sie eine einem mittleren Sonnenstand entsprechende Kipplage aufweisen.24 and 26 are guided in two mutually spatially intersecting loops, wherein in each case the two Seiltrume 23a and 25b and 25a and 23b are superimposed and wherein the Seiltrume 23a and 25b and 25a and 23b, the pivot lever 22 are articulated. In Figure 5, the two photovoltaic elements 2 are shown, which are aligned parallel to each other, wherein they have a middle sun position corresponding tilting position.
In Fig.5a sind die beiden photovoltaischen Elemente 2 durch gleichläufige Verstellungen der beiden Seiltrume 23a und 25b bzw. 25a und 23b gegeneinander verschwenkt, wobei deren Kipplage unverändert ist.In Fig.5a, the two photovoltaic elements 2 are pivoted by co-rotating adjustments of the two Seiltrume 23a and 25b and 25a and 23b against each other, wherein the tilting position is unchanged.
In Fig.5b sind die beiden photovoltaischen Elemente 2 wiederum zueinander parallel ausgerichtet, wobei jedoch die beiden Seiltrume 23a und 25b bzw. 25a und 23b gegenläufig verstellt sind, sodass durch deren Verstellung die beiden photovoltaischen Elemente 2 über die Schwenkhebel 22 um die waagrechten Achsen 21 verschwenkt sind, sodass sie der in ihrem Höhenstand veränderten Sonne nachgeführt sind. In Fig.5c sind die beiden photovoltaischen Elemente 2 durch Verstellungen der beiden Tragseile 23 und 25 sowohl gegenüber der Richtung der Tragseile 11 verschwenkt als auch um die Welle 21 verschwenkt, wodurch sie sowohl der Ost- West- Bewegung der Sonne als auch dem Höhenstand der Sonne nachgeführt sind. Durch diese Verstellungen können somit die photovoltaischen Elemente 2 jeweils in die Normalebene der einfallenden Lichtstrahlen gebracht werden.In Figure 5b, the two photovoltaic elements 2 are in turn aligned parallel to each other, but the two Seiltrume 23a and 25b and 25a and 23b are adjusted in opposite directions, so that by adjusting the two photovoltaic elements 2 via the pivot lever 22 about the horizontal axes 21st are pivoted so that they are tracked the changed in their level of the sun. In Figure 5c, the two photovoltaic elements 2 are pivoted by adjustments of the two support cables 23 and 25 both opposite to the direction of the support cables 11 and pivoted about the shaft 21, whereby they both the east-west movement of the sun and the ride height of the Sun are tracked. By means of these adjustments, the photovoltaic elements 2 can thus be brought into the normal plane of the incident light beams in each case.
Von sämtlichen photovoltaischen Elementen gehen elektrische Leitungen ab, durch welche der gewonnene Strom abgeführt wird. From all photovoltaic elements go electrical lines, through which the recovered electricity is dissipated.

Claims

PATENTANSPRÜCHE
1. Anlage zur Gewinnung von elektrischer Energie mittels auf einer Tragkonstruktion angeordneter photovoltaischer Elemente (2), dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass eine Gruppe von Masten (3) od.dgl. vorgesehen ist, an welchen ein überwiegend durch Seile gebildetes Tragwerk (1) für die photovoltaischen Elemente (2) befestigt ist, wobei sich die photovoltaischen Elemente (2) im Abstand oberhalb des Bodens befinden.1. Plant for the production of electrical energy by means of arranged on a support structure photovoltaic elements (2), characterized in that a group of masts (3) or the like. is provided, to which a predominantly formed by ropes support structure (1) for the photovoltaic elements (2) is fixed, wherein the photovoltaic elements (2) are located at a distance above the ground.
2. Anlage nach Patentanspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Tragwerk (1), welches in Draufsicht vorzugsweise rechteckig ausgebildet ist, zumindest an seinen Ecken an den Masten (3) od.dgl. befestigt ist.2. Installation according to claim 1, characterized in that the supporting structure (1), which is preferably rectangular in plan view, at least at its corners on the masts (3) or the like. is attached.
3. Anlage nach einem der Patentansprüche 1 und 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Tragwerk (1) an zumindest zwei gegenüberliegenden Seitenkanten mit Tragschienen (12) od.dgl. ausgebildet ist, zwischen welchen zumindest angenähert parallel zueinander ausgerichtete Tragseile bzw. Stellseile (11, 13, 15) für die Befestigung und Verstellung der photovoltaischen Elemente (2) gespannt sind.3. Installation according to one of the claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the supporting structure (1) on at least two opposite side edges with mounting rails (12) or the like. is formed, between which at least approximately parallel aligned support ropes or control cables (11, 13, 15) for the attachment and adjustment of the photovoltaic elements (2) are stretched.
4. Anlage nach einem der Patentansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sich zwischen zwei in Draufsicht nebeneinander befindlichen und zueinander zumindest angenähert parallel ausgerichteten Tragseilen bzw. Stellseilen (11, 13, 15) zu diesen quer ausgerichtete photovoltaische Elemente (2) befinden.4. Installation according to one of the claims 1 to 3, characterized in that located between two in plan view next to each other and at least approximately parallel aligned supporting cables or control cables (11, 13, 15) to these transversely oriented photovoltaic elements (2).
5. Anlage nach einem der Patentansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die photovoltaischen Elemente (2) an einem der beiden horizontal voneinander im Abstand befindlichen Enden an ein erstes, in dessen Längsrichtung nicht verstellbares Tragseil (11) angelenkt sind, wogegen sie mit ihrem anderen Ende an mindestens ein in dessen Längsrichtung verstellbares zweites Tragseil (13) angelenkt sind, wobei durch eine Bewegung des verstellbaren Tragseiles (13) die photovoltaischen Elemente (2) in ihrer Winkellage gegenüber der Ausrichtung der Tragseile (11, 13) verstellbar sind, sodass sie der Ost- West-Bewegung der Sonne nachführbar sind. 5. Installation according to one of the claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the photovoltaic elements (2) are articulated at one of the two horizontally spaced apart ends to a first, non-adjustable in the longitudinal direction supporting cable (11), whereas they with at its other end to at least one adjustable in the longitudinal direction of the second support cable (13) are articulated, wherein by a movement of the adjustable support cable (13) the photovoltaic elements (2) in their angular position relative to the orientation of the support cables (11, 13) are adjustable so that they are traceable to the east-west movement of the sun.
6. Anlage nach einem der Patentansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die photovoltaischen Elemente (2) um eine zumindest angenähert horizontal ausgerichtete Achse verschwenkbar sind, wodurch sie dem Höhenstand der Sonne nachführbar sind.6. Installation according to one of the claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the photovoltaic elements (2) are pivotable about an at least approximately horizontally oriented axis, whereby they are trackable to the ridge of the sun.
7. Anlage nach Patentanspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die photovoltaischen Elemente (2) auf einer angenähert horizontal ausgerichteten Welle (21] befestigt sind, wobei das eine Ende dieser Welle (21) an ein nicht verstellbares Tragseil (11) angelenkt ist, wogegen das andere Ende der Welle (21) an ein mindestens in dessen Längsrichtung verstellbares Tragseil (13, 15) angelenkt ist.7. Installation according to claim 6, characterized in that the photovoltaic elements (2) are mounted on an approximately horizontally oriented shaft (21], wherein one end of this shaft (21) is articulated to a non-adjustable support cable (11), whereas the other end of the shaft (21) is articulated to a support cable (13, 15) adjustable at least in its longitudinal direction.
8. Anlage nach Patentanspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass zwei in ihrer Längsrichtung verstellbare Tragseile (23, 25) mit zwei zumindest angenähert parallel ausgerichteten Seiltrumen (23a, 23b; 25a, 25b) vorgesehen sind und dass das eine Ende der Welle (21) mit einem quer zu dieser ausgerichteten doppelar- migen Schwenkhebel (22) ausgebildet ist, dessen beide Arme an jeweils ein Seiltrum der beiden verstellbaren Tragseile (23, 25) angelenkt sind. 8. Installation according to claim 7, characterized in that two adjustable in their longitudinal direction supporting cables (23, 25) with two at least approximately parallel aligned Seiltrumen (23a, 23b; 25a, 25b) are provided and that one end of the shaft (21) is formed with a transversely aligned to this double-shaped pivot lever (22), the two arms are hinged to a respective Seiltrum the two adjustable support cables (23, 25).
PCT/AT2006/000231 2005-06-06 2006-06-02 Installation for generating electrical energy WO2006130892A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ITBZ20050029 ITBZ20050029A1 (en) 2005-06-06 2005-06-06 SUPPORTING STRUCTURE FOR PHOTOVOLTAIC MODULES.
ITBZ2005A000029 2005-06-06
ITBZ2006A000007 2006-03-22
ITBZ20060007 ITBZ20060007A1 (en) 2006-03-22 2006-03-22 MECHANISM TO FOLLOW THE SUN ON TWO AXES OF PHOTOVOLTAIC MODULES

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