WO2006126915A2

WO2006126915A2 - Screw pile and method for inserting it

Info

Publication number: WO2006126915A2
Application number: PCT/RU2006/000252
Authority: WO
Inventors: Arkady Viktorovich Kozlovich
Original assignee: Arkady Viktorovich Kozlovich
Priority date: 2005-05-24
Filing date: 2006-05-19
Publication date: 2006-11-30
Also published as: RU2288326C1; WO2006126915A3

Abstract

The invention relates to civil engineering, in particular to a method for inserting a screw pile and to a method for building a cut-and-cover tunnel using said screw pile. The inventive screw pile comprises a metal tube (1) provided with a spiral coiling (2) arranged thereon. A concrete head whose thickens ranges from 1/4 to 5 tube diameters is mounted on the pipe (1) and comprises metal rods whose length is equal to the head length. Said spiral coiling is embodied along the entire bore length in the form a spiral blade whose width is half to five times the diameter of the external concrete head. In the lower part of the pile, the spiral coiling is shaped in the form of a cone, wherein metal triangle stiffener ribs (5) are arranged along the entire helicoidal surface of the blade, the bases of the adjacent ribs are connected to each other and a applied to the concrete ahead, whereas the tops thereof (6) are arranged along the blade edge. The metal rod (7) is placed in the top (6) of each stiffener rib (5). The rods are interconnected by metal fittings (8) placed along the blade edge. Additional triangle stiffener ribs (9) are arranged in the spiral coiling in a perpendicular position with respect to the main stiffener ribs and are also connected to the tube by the bases thereof and to the tops of respective main stiffener ribs by the tops thereof. A unit for connecting to the hook (13) of a pile screwing device and an element for connecting the pile to the structure are mounted on the top part of the tube.

Description

SCREW PILING, METHOD FOR INSTALLING SCREW PILES, DEVICE FOR TIGHTENING PILES AND METHOD OF LAYING THE TUNNEL IN AN OPEN METHOD WITH USING SCREW PILES. FIELD OF TECHNOLOGY

A group of inventions, united by a single creative concept, relates to construction and can be used to build bearing foundations and fix various mechanisms and devices on the ground, as well as to lay tunnels of great length in an open way, both ground and underwater as well as underground passages.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Due to the huge variety of engineering and geological conditions of construction sites on which buildings and structures are being built or have been erected, there are often such ground conditions that require the use of pile tools. In the conditions of close urban development, if there are a large number of historical buildings and monuments in the cities, the traditional way of immersing driven, bored and crushed piles becomes impossible due to significant impacts on nearby buildings, causing undesirable deformations in them.

Known screw pile, including the barrel with a screw winding placed on it, and a method of installing a screw pile, including immersion of the pile into the ground (RL), patent NS2073084, Kn. E02D5 / 38, 1997.) The disadvantages of the known screw piles and the method of installing the screw piles are the low bearing capacity of the piles, the difficulty and inaccuracy of the installation (it is impossible to install the pile exactly in a given place), insufficient reliability of the pile, and the impossibility of screwing the pile into the ground. A known method of laying a tunnel, including installing at a predetermined distance from each other supporting elements and placing them on the main structure (RU ₁ patent N ° 2239025, Kn. E02D29 / 02, 2003).

The disadvantages of this method are the complexity of the construction of the tunnel, the long construction time, insufficient reliability of the design of the tunnel and the inability to dismantle temporary bridges when the need arises.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The invention is aimed at improving the structural bearing capacity of piles, simplicity, accuracy, reliability and ease of installation, the possibility of mounting piles in densely built areas.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that in a screw pile comprising a metal pipe with a screw winding placed on it, according to the invention, a concrete nozzle is installed on the pipe with a thickness of 1/4 to 5 pipe diameters in which the metal pins are placed, the length of the pins is equal to the length of the nozzle, the screw winding is made along the entire length of the barrel in the form of a helical blade, the width of which is from 0.5 to 5 diameters of the outer concrete nozzle, and in the lower part of the pile, which is no more than 1/3 of its length, the winding is conical oh, while along the entire helical surface of the blade there are triangular metal stiffeners, the bases of adjacent ribs are interconnected and adjacent to the concrete nozzle, and their vertices are placed along the edge of the blade, with a metal pin at the top of each stiffener, and the pins connected between themselves with metal reinforcement laid along the edge of the blade, while in the winding there are additional triangular stiffeners installed perpendicular to the main one, also connected by bases to the pipe and vertices - with the vertices of the corresponding main stiffeners, while in the upper part of the pipe there is a unit for connecting with a hook for screwing a pile; and an element for connecting the pile to the structure.

The connection element of the piles with the structure can be made in the form of a head with a thread, while the hook mount is made in the upper part of the head.

The connection element of the piles with the structure can be made in the form of a reinforced concrete head with reinforcement pins.

When installing piles in marshy areas, a reinforced concrete rod can be installed between the head and the metal pipe. In addition, this technical result is achieved by the fact that in the method of installing a screw pile, including immersion of the pile into the soil, according to the invention, a hole is drilled in the soil whose diameter is not less than the outer diameter of the pile shaft, but not more than 1/4 of the diameter of the blade in its wide parts, the pile is pulled with a hook and the key of the device for screwing the piles onto the bolt is inserted, then the end of the pile is placed in the hole and the pile is immersed in the ground by simultaneously applying a screwing and pressing force using devices for screwing piles.

The device for screwing the piles according to the invention is made in the form of a removable end nozzle for the drilling machine and is connected to the gearbox of the latter, while the inner part of the end nozzle is made in the form of a wrench made in the form of a pile bolt, while an opening for the side nozzle is made for placing the cable with the hook. The invention is also aimed at simplifying the construction of the tunnel, cheapening the cost, reducing construction time and improving safety during its operation.

The specified technical result is achieved by the fact that in the method of laying a tunnel or underground passage in an open way, including installing at a given distance from each other supporting elements and placing the main structure on them, according to According to the invention, screw piles with a pile fastening element with a basic structure are used as supporting elements, and tubular sections with a length of 10 to 500 m when laying a tunnel under water and transporting by water, and from 2 to 30 meters when transporting along on land, at the same time, the foundation pit is dug up and the piles are installed according to the marking by the simultaneous application of an pressing and screwing force, pipe sections with plugs at the ends and fasteners for connection with fasteners vai delivered to the tunnel lining place, construction is placed on the piles, fixed and produced by soil compaction and vibro around the pipe.

When laying on land sections can be made collapsible. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIGURES. In FIG. 1 shows a general view of a screw pile. In FIG. 2 - vertical section of the pile.

In FIG. 3 - section piles A-A.

Figure 4 - the location of the triangular stiffeners. Figure 5 is an embodiment of piles for marshy terrain. 6 is a device for screwing piles. In FIG. 7 shows a general view of the tunnel.

A screw pile contains a metal pipe 1 with a screw winding 2 placed on it, a concrete nozzle 3 with a thickness of 1/4 to 5 pipe diameters, in which metal pins 4 are placed, is placed on the pipe 1, the length of the pins 4 is equal to the length of the nozzle 3, while the screw winding 2 is made continuous along the entire length of the barrel 1 in the form of a helical blade, the width of which is from 0.5 to 5 of the outer diameters of the concrete nozzle 3, and in the lower part of the pile, which is 1/3 of its length, the winding 2 is conical, the helical surface of the blades placed tre coal ribs 5 stiffness, and the base 6 of the adjacent ribs 5 are interconnected and adjacent to the metal pipe 1, and their peaks 6 are placed on the edge of the blade, while at the top 6 of each rib 5 is a metal pin 7, and the pins 7 are interconnected by reinforcement 8, laid along the edge of the blade. In addition, in the winding there are additional stiffening ribs 9 installed perpendicular to the main ribs 5. Additional stiffening ribs 9 are also connected by the bases 10 to the metal pipe 1, and their vertices are connected to the vertices of the main stiffening ribs. At the same time, in the upper part of the barrel 1 there is an element connecting the piles with the structure, made, for example, in the form of a metal head 11 with a thread, the thread is intended for fastening structural elements (for example, rails) on it, in the upper part of the head 11 there is a hook 12 for hook 13, and a bolt 14 is installed in the lower part of the head 12 to enable fixation with the key 15 of the device 16 for screwing the pile.

The connection element of the piles with the structure can be made in the form of pins 17 of the reinforcement.

When installing piles in a swampy area between the head 12 and the metal pipe 1, a reinforced concrete rod 18 can be installed.

EXAMPLE OF IMPLEMENTATION OF THE METHOD. The method of installing a screw pile is as follows:

A preliminary analysis of soil density is made and a map of the pile field is made. Then, according to preliminary marking, a hole is drilled in the soil, the diameter of which is not less than the outer diameter of the pipe 1 of the pile, but not more than 1/4 of the diameter of the blade of the screw winding 2 in its wide part, the pile is pulled with a hook 13 and the key 15 of the device 16 for screwing the pile on the bolt 14, then the end of the pile is placed in the hole and the pile is immersed in the soil by simultaneously applying the screwing and pressing forces using the device 16 for screwing the pile. b

The device 16 (Fig. 6 a) for screwing the piles is made in the form of a removable end nozzle 17 onto the drilling machine (not shown in the drawing) and connected to the gearbox of the latter (not shown in the drawing), while the inner part of the end nozzle 17 is made in the form of a key 15 (Fig. 6 c), made in the form of a pile bolt 14, while a hole 18 is made in the side wall of the end nozzle 17 to accommodate a cable 19 with a hook 13.

The device for screwing the pile allows you to quickly and easily put on and fix the key 15 on the bolt 14, and then install the end of the pile exactly in the hole drilled in advance and quickly and reliably (without distortions and deviations from the set mark) install the pile in the ground by screwing it.

The tunneling method in an open way is illustrated in the drawing, where in FIG. 7 shows a general view of the tunnel. The tunneling method is as follows:

Depending on the length of the tunnel, the characteristics of the soil (in the case of laying an underground tunnel), the depth of the strait (gulf), the direction of the current, and the geological structure of the bottom of the reservoir (in the case of laying the underwater tunnel), the installation site of the supporting elements. Dig a foundation pit of the given sizes.

As supporting elements use screw piles proposed for consideration in this application (shown in figure 1), with fastening elements 11 piles with the main structure 20. Piles (use piles described in paragraph 1 of the claims) are installed in the pit according to the markup , by simultaneously applying a pressing and screwing force. The installation of piles is described in detail in this application in the description of the method of installing a screw pile (claim 5).

As the main structure, tubular sections 21 of the design length are used. The section length is made as long as possible, possible for transporting the length. Section length may be

SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26) from 10 to 500 meters when transporting sections by water and laying an underwater tunnel, or from 2 to 30 meters when transporting sections by land. In the case of transportation of sections by water, they are given close to zero buoyancy and plugs 22 are installed at the ends. On sections 21, fasteners 23 are installed for connection with fasteners 11 of piles. In the case of transportation of the section by land, it can be made collapsible from several parts 24, which at the installation site are connected mainly by screw fasteners.

After sections 21 are delivered to the tunnel laying site, they are installed on piles 1. Fasteners 23 and 11 of piles and sections are connected. Then the soil is compacted under the pipe and around the pipe by vibration absorption (RU ₁ patent Ne 2236503, CL. E02DZ / 02, 2003).

INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The use of the proposed pile gives a great economic effect, due to the fact that the piles can be used on any terrain, including marshy, and with dense area development. At the same time, it is possible to use shortened piles, the length of which is 2-5 times less than that of standard piles, with the same bearing capacity. Piles have a high load-bearing capacity, they can be quickly, easily and reliably fixed, they work equally efficiently with both pushing and pushing forces, which allows them to be used effectively both in the construction of ground structures in areas with dense buildings and in the construction of tunnels open metro, laying pipes along the bottom of the sea, building power lines, bridges, installing rails, underpasses, etc.

The location of the reinforcement in the pile and its implementation in the form of corrugated metal pins, triangular metal stiffeners with metal pins at the top, interconnected by metal reinforcement, all this allows to increase the strength, reliability and bearing capacity of the pile and prevent the destruction of the pile when it is screwed. The choice of the dimensions of the width of the screw blade and the cone-shaped section of the pile is determined by the requirements for the pile (reliability, strength, bearing capacity), and the geological features of the soil in which the pile is installed. The possibility of their easy dismantling by unscrewing allows you to repeatedly use, if necessary, piles, which is necessary during construction, for example, temporary crossings, installation of rails for tower cranes

The proposed method of tunneling in an open way using developed piles allows you to quickly, reliably and efficiently lay a tunnel in the shortest possible time, while if necessary, piles are unscrewed from the ground without damaging their structures, and they can be used repeatedly, for example, when constructing temporary crossings, laying a temporary railway. Using a group of inventions, united by a single inventive concept, will make it possible to take a new step in construction. It can be used for the construction of bearing foundations and the fastening of various mechanisms and devices on the ground, as well as for tunneling in an open way, both land and underwater.

Claims

CLAIM

1. A screw pile, including a metal pipe with a screw winding placed on it, characterized in that a concrete nozzle is installed on the pipe with a thickness of 1/4 to 5 pipe diameters in which the metal pins are placed, the length of the pins is equal to the length of the nozzle, while the screw winding made along the entire length of the barrel in the form of a helical blade, the width of which is from 0.5 to 5 diameters of the outer concrete nozzle, and in the lower part of the pile, which is no more than 1/3 of its length, the winding is conical, while along the entire helical surface The parts are placed triangular metal stiffeners, and the bases of adjacent ribs are interconnected and adjacent to the concrete nozzle, and their vertices are placed along the edge of the blade, while at the top of each stiffener there is a metal pin, and the pins are interconnected by metal reinforcement laid along the edge blades, while in the winding there are additional triangular stiffeners installed perpendicular to the main one, also connected by the bases to the pipe, and by the vertices - with the vertices of the corresponding main stiffeners, while in the upper part of the pipe there is a unit for connecting to the hook devices for screwing the piles and the connection element of the piles with the structure.

2. The screw pile according to claim 1, characterized in that the connection element of the piles with the structure is made in the form of a head with a thread, while the hook mount is made in the upper part of the head.

3. The screw pile according to claim 1, characterized in that the connection element of the piles with the structure is made in the form of a reinforced concrete head with pins.

4. A screw pile according to claim 1, characterized in that when installing the pile in a marshland, a reinforced concrete rod is installed between the head and the metal pipe.

5. A method of installing a screw pile, including immersion of the pile in the soil, characterized in that a hole is drilled in the soil, the diameter of which is not less than the outer diameter of the pile shaft, but not more than 1/4 of the diameter of the blade in its wide part, the pile is pulled with a hook and the key is inserted devices for screwing the pile onto the bolt, then the end of the pile is placed in the hole and the pile is immersed in the soil by simultaneously applying the screwing and pressing forces using the device for screwing the pile.

6. The device for screwing the piles according to claim 5, characterized in that it is made in the form of a removable end nozzle on the drilling machine and connected to the gearbox of the latter, while the inner part of the end nozzle is made in the form of a wrench made in the form of a pile bolt, a hole is made in the side wall of the end nozzle to accommodate the cable with a hook.

7. A method of laying a tunnel or an underground passage in an open way using a screw pile, including installing support elements at a predetermined distance from each other and placing the main structure on them, characterized in that as the supporting elements use screw piles with a mounting element of the pile with the main structure and as the main structure - tubular sections with a length of 10 to 500 meters for laying under water and transporting by water, and from 2 to 30 meters when transporting by land, while preliminary dig a pit, mark the piles by applying a pressing and screwing force, pipe sections with plugs at the ends and fasteners for connecting with the fasteners, the piles are delivered to the tunnel site, the structure is laid on piles, fixed and the soil is compacted under and around the pipe vibration absorption.

8. The method of tunneling in an open way according to claim 7, characterized in that when laying on land, the sections are collapsible.