CN110924312A - Construction method of steel trestle - Google Patents
Construction method of steel trestle Download PDFInfo
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- CN110924312A CN110924312A CN201911303718.7A CN201911303718A CN110924312A CN 110924312 A CN110924312 A CN 110924312A CN 201911303718 A CN201911303718 A CN 201911303718A CN 110924312 A CN110924312 A CN 110924312A
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01D—CONSTRUCTION OF BRIDGES, ELEVATED ROADWAYS OR VIADUCTS; ASSEMBLY OF BRIDGES
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of civil engineering, in particular to a construction method of a steel trestle, aiming at solving the problems that the steel trestle is easy to generate transverse displacement in severe environment, potential safety hazards are formed and property loss is caused in the prior art, and the technical key points are that the construction method comprises the following steps: s1, construction preparation; s2, measuring and paying off; s3, constructing a trestle bridge abutment; s4, driving a steel pipe pile foundation; s5, mounting a pad beam; s6, constructing the Bailey truss beam; s7, constructing a transverse distribution beam and a bridge deck system; s8, designing a limiting and reinforcing device; s9, processing and manufacturing a limiting and reinforcing device; s10, installing a limiting and reinforcing device; s11, connecting and installing a limiting and reinforcing device with the middle part of the steel trestle; and S12, fixing the limiting and reinforcing device to the middle of the steel trestle. The steel trestle bridge has the advantages of improving the integral rigidity of the steel trestle bridge, enhancing the water flow resistance and wind load resistance of the steel trestle bridge, along with simple structure, low cost, strong applicability, stability, reliability, strong maneuverability and good use effect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of civil engineering, in particular to a construction method of a steel trestle.
Background
The steel trestle has many unpredictable problems in the actual construction process, such as large change of geological layers of a river channel, hard soil at the river bottom of partial sections, and the penetration depth of a pipe pile foundation must meet the design requirements. When the depth of the pile into the soil can not reach the length of the originally designed pile, the steel temporary bridge can not meet the requirements of bearing and stability in the using process. When the underwater shallow layer is hard plastic soil during steel pipe pile inserting and driving, in order to eliminate the influence of the factors which cannot be met, the following construction technical scheme is adopted:
(1) the cross section area of the steel trestle is increased to enhance the stability of the trestle. Therefore, the consumption of materials such as steel pipe piles, pad beams, Bailey beams, distribution section steel, bridge deck steel plates and the like can be increased, and the manufacturing cost and the construction period are greatly increased.
(2) And after the steel pipe pile with the original design diameter is replaced by the steel pipe pile with the smaller diameter, the distance between every two rows of piles is reduced. Not only can greatly increase the using amount of the small-diameter steel pipe pile, but also greatly improve the workload.
(3) And after mechanically guiding holes in the underwater hard plastic soil layer, sinking the steel pipe pile by utilizing a vibration hammer of a crawler crane. The steel pipe pile sinks after underwater hole leading, so that river water becomes turbid, water pollution is easily caused, and the ecological environment of aquatic organisms is influenced.
In the actual infrastructure construction process, peripheral soil and water are often complicated because of the address condition, and conventional construction methods can not meet the construction requirements, and large-scale pile foundation steel trestle design, construction cycle are longer, and the cost is high, can not realize quick construction, can not satisfy economic and applicable type, environmental protection saving type requirement. Therefore, when the underwater shallow layer is hard plastic soil, the design required depth cannot be reached, the stability requirement cannot be met, and an economical and applicable construction method for enhancing the stability of the steel trestle is needed under special geological conditions.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a steel trestle construction method, which improves the integral rigidity of the steel trestle, enhances the water flow resistance and wind load resistance of the steel trestle, and has the advantages of simple structure, low cost, strong applicability, stability, reliability, strong maneuverability and good use effect.
The technical purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a construction method of a steel trestle comprises the following steps:
s1, construction preparation: before construction, comprehensively mastering local climatic conditions, hydrological characteristics and geological conditions, constructing the steel trestle to be constructed in sections according to a design drawing, reasonably arranging operation according to a planned construction period in time, and organizing constructors, equipment and materials to enter the field;
s2, measurement and setting: for accurate positioning, erecting measuring platforms on two sides of the axis of the trestle at the front of construction along the route direction, accurately determining the actual position of the steel pipe pile foundation according to a design drawing, and directing a positioning ship to position;
s3, construction of a trestle bridge abutment: filling soil to build an island at the abutment position of the trestle, filling soil to the bridge deck elevation outside the trestle, and performing riprap slope protection treatment on two sides of a soil filling transition section of the access road connected with the trestle abutment;
s4, driving a steel pipe pile foundation: the method comprises the following steps that a crawler crane lifts steel pipe piles and places the steel pipe piles at a measured position, the steel pipe piles are driven into a specified position through a pile driving hammer, the soil penetration depth of each steel pipe pile is guaranteed to be above a design value, an expansion mechanism is arranged inside the steel pipe piles, transverse supports are welded among the steel pipe piles in the same row, and cross braces are welded among the adjacent steel pipe piles;
s5, mounting a pad beam: hoisting a pad beam at the top of the steel pipe pile and welding the pad beam with the steel pipe pile to form a whole;
s6, construction of the Bailey truss beam: assembling the Bailey truss girder in advance according to a preset segmentation length on the shore, transporting the Bailey truss girder to a construction pier position, determining a specific position of the Bailey truss girder on the pad girder by a measuring person, and fixing the Bailey truss girder on the pad girder by using a U-shaped limiting plate;
s7, construction of a transverse distribution beam and a bridge deck system: conveying the transverse distribution beam to the Bailey truss beam, spreading and fixing the transverse distribution beam, spreading a bridge deck steel plate above the transverse distribution beam, and welding a handrail;
s8, designing a limiting and reinforcing device: designing the number of limiting and reinforcing devices and the spacing distance of the limiting and reinforcing devices positioned on one side of the middle part of the steel trestle according to the rising height of the river water level, the maximum flow velocity of water flow, the wind level state and the length of the steel trestle on the construction site in the past year, wherein the limiting and reinforcing devices are positioned at the outer side end of the middle part of the steel trestle at the lower water flow;
s9, processing and manufacturing of the limiting and reinforcing device: according to a design drawing, a first reinforcing steel pipe pile, a second reinforcing steel pipe pile and a third reinforcing steel pipe pile which form a limiting reinforcing device are driven into a river bottom of an outer side end of the middle part of a steel trestle at a lower water flow position, wherein at least two reinforcing steel pipe piles are parallel to two adjacent steel pipe piles, and the spacing distance is equal, and a slideway, a sliding block connecting lug, a positioning bolt and an oblique supporting beam which are distributed at the spacing distance are prepared on the upper part of the outer side surface of at least one outer reinforcing steel pipe pile;
s10, installing a limiting and reinforcing device: a plurality of transverse supports are arranged between the first reinforcing steel pipe pile, the second reinforcing steel pipe pile and the third reinforcing steel pipe pile at intervals from top to bottom, a scissor support is fixed between the upper transverse support and the lower transverse support, an inclined supporting beam is placed at a position away from the outer side of the third reinforcing steel pipe pile by a certain distance, an inclined supporting beam connecting lug at the upper end of the inclined supporting beam and a sliding block connecting lug at the rear end of a sliding block in a slideway are connected into a whole through a connecting bolt, and a pile press machine is used for slowly pressing a bottom anchor foot of the inclined supporting beam to a hard position of the river bottom to finish the installation of a limiting reinforcing device;
s11, installing the limiting reinforcing device and the middle part of the steel trestle in a connecting way: extending one end of a transverse distribution beam on two adjacent steel pipe piles to the upper ends of two adjacent first reinforced steel pipe piles and second reinforced steel pipe piles, fixing a limiting inclined strut between the upper end of the outer side of the extended lower transverse distribution beam and the outer side end of the upper transverse distribution beam on the side, fixing transverse supports between the two steel pipe piles and the corresponding two adjacent reinforced steel pipe piles at intervals up and down, and fixing a cross support between the upper transverse support and the lower transverse support to complete the connection of a limiting reinforcing device and the middle part of a steel trestle;
s12, fixing the limiting and reinforcing device in the middle of the steel trestle: and the pile press is used for slowly pressing the bottom anchor foot of the inclined supporting beam downwards again to fix the bottom anchor foot to the hard position of the river bottom, and the sliding block is fixed in the slideway of the corresponding part by the positioning bolt, so that the fixing of the connection of the limiting and reinforcing device and the middle part of the steel trestle is completed.
Optionally, after the bridge construction is finished, dismantling a steel trestle, wherein the dismantling sequence is opposite to the erecting sequence, dismantling the limiting and reinforcing device firstly, dismantling the railing, the bridge deck steel plate and the transverse distribution beam from top to bottom firstly, and then dismantling the U-shaped limiting plate, the Bailey truss beam and the pad beam; cutting off the transverse supports among the steel pipe piles, and detaching the cross supports or the inclined supports; and finally, pulling out the steel pipe pile.
Optionally, when the steel pipe pile is pulled out, the steel pipe pile is firstly struck downwards for 1-2 minutes by using the pile driving hammer to reduce the bonding force between soil and the steel pipe pile after long-term formation, and then the steel pipe pile is pulled out upwards.
Optionally, the first, second and third reinforced steel-pipe piles are distributed in a triangular shape.
Optionally, an included angle between the diagonal support beam and the corresponding third reinforced steel pipe pile is 30-60 °.
Optionally, the expansion mechanism includes an expanding plate disposed at the bottom of the steel pipe pile and a transmission rod disposed inside the steel pipe pile, the expanding plate is expanded outwards through a movable connection with the steel pipe pile, an expansion head is fixedly connected to the lower portion of the transmission rod, the expansion head is hinged to a support rod, and the other end of the support rod is hinged to the inner wall of the expanding plate.
Optionally, the expansion head is in the shape of a rectangular pyramid, and the support rod is hinged to an inclined surface of the expansion head.
Optionally, a driving part is arranged above the transmission rod to drive the transmission rod to move along the length direction of the steel pipe pile, and the driving part is fixed in the steel pipe pile.
The technical scheme of the invention has the following advantages: compared with the conventional method, the cross section area of the steel trestle is increased, or the steel pipe piles with smaller diameters are adopted to replace the steel pipe piles with the original design diameters, then the distance between every two rows of piles is reduced, and after mechanical hole leading is carried out on an underwater hard plastic soil layer, the steel pipe piles are sunk by utilizing the vibration hammer of the crawler crane, and the construction methods usually enable the construction cost, the construction period and the workload to be greatly increased or easily cause adverse effects on the environment and are contrary to the development principle of not sacrificing the environment. By adopting the method of adding the second steel pipe piles on two sides of the foundation pier only with the steel pipe piles as the reinforcing piers, the steel pipe pile area with the soil penetration depth not reaching the design requirement can also meet the bearing and stability requirements of the steel trestle in the using process, and finally the reinforcing piers are formed through the connecting members, so that the construction scheme can save materials to a great extent, shorten the construction period, save manpower and effectively reduce the pollution to the water environment.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a steel trestle according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of portion A of FIG. 1;
fig. 3 is a top view of a steel trestle according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Description of reference numerals:
1. steel pipe piles; 11. transversely supporting; 12. a scissor support; 2. a bolster; 21. a Bailey truss beam; 22. a U-shaped limiting plate; 3. a transverse distribution beam; 31. a bridge deck steel plate; 32. a railing; 4. a limiting and reinforcing device; 41. a first reinforced steel pipe pile; 42. a second reinforced steel pipe pile; 43. thirdly, reinforcing the steel pipe pile; 44. an oblique support beam; 45. an anchor foot; 5. an expansion mechanism; 51. expanding a plate; 52. a transmission rod; 53. an expansion head; 54. a support bar; 55. a drive member.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
Example 1:
as shown in fig. 1, the steel trestle in the embodiment of the invention comprises a lower structure, a middle structure and an upper structure, wherein the lower structure comprises a plurality of steel pipe piles 1, a transverse support 11 is connected between the steel pipe piles 1 in the same row, a cross brace 12 is connected between the adjacent steel pipe piles 1, and the top of each steel pipe pile 1 is connected with a pad beam 2; the middle structure comprises a Bailey truss beam 21, and the Bailey truss beam 22 is respectively connected with the upper structure or the lower structure through a U-shaped limiting plate 21; the substructure comprises transverse distribution girders 3, deck steel plates 31 and railings 32, whereby a steel trestle is formed.
As shown in fig. 1 and 3, a horizontal limit reinforcement device 4 is provided at the outer end of the middle portion of the steel trestle, and the limit reinforcement device 4 is composed of a first reinforced steel-pipe pile 41, a second reinforced steel-pipe pile 42, a third reinforced steel-pipe pile 43, a slide way, a slide block engaging lug, a positioning bolt, an oblique support beam 44, and an anchor foot 45. The first reinforced steel pipe pile 41, the second reinforced steel pipe pile 42 and the third reinforced steel pipe pile 43 are distributed in a triangular shape, a plurality of transverse supports 11 are arranged between the first reinforced steel pipe pile 41, the second reinforced steel pipe pile 42 and the third reinforced steel pipe pile 43 at intervals from top to bottom, and the cross braces 12 are fixed between the upper transverse support 11 and the lower transverse support 11. Two slide ways are distributed on the upper portion of the outer side face of the third reinforced steel pipe pile 43 at intervals, the cross section of each slide way is L-shaped, the slide block is located between the two slide ways, and the outer side face of the slide block is provided with a slide block connecting lug. The middle part of the sliding block is transversely provided with a through positioning hole, and a plurality of positioning holes distributed at intervals are correspondingly arranged on the two sliding ways. The inclined support beam 44 obliquely supports the upper part of the outer side of the third reinforced steel pipe pile 43, and the included angle between the inclined support beam 44 and the corresponding third reinforced steel pipe pile 43 is 30-60 degrees. The upper end of the oblique supporting beam 44 is provided with an oblique supporting beam connecting lug which is connected with a sliding block connecting lug at the rear end of the sliding block through a connecting bolt, so that the upper end of the oblique supporting beam 44 is connected with the sliding block into a whole. An anchor foot 45 is arranged at the lower end of the inclined supporting beam 44, the anchor foot 45 is in a triangular arc shape with a sharp front end and a wide rear end, the lower end of the anchor foot 45 is fixed through an anchor nail, the area of the anchor foot 45 is larger than the cross-sectional area of the inclined supporting beam 44 for distributing supporting force, and the anchor nail on the lower end surface of the anchor foot is beneficial to fixing the anchor foot 45.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the expansion mechanism 5 includes an expanding plate 51 arranged at the bottom of the steel pipe pile 1 and a transmission rod 52 arranged inside the steel pipe pile 1, the expanding plate 51 is expanded outwards through the movable connection with the steel pipe pile 1, an expansion head 53 is fixedly connected below the transmission rod 52, the expansion head 53 is hinged with a support rod 54, the other end of the support rod 54 is hinged with the inner wall of the expanding plate 51, so that the transmission rod 52 drives the expansion head 53 along the length direction displacement of the steel pipe pile 1, the expansion head 53 is hinged with the support rod 54 to control the expansion angle of the expanding plate 51, namely, the expansion plate 51 is driven to expand outwards through a rotating shaft, on one hand, the effect of embedding with soil is expanded outwards when construction is performed, and on the other hand, convenience and quickness are realized when the steel pipe pile 1 is recycled. The expansion head 53 is in a pyramid shape, the support rod 54 is hinged on the inclined surface of the expansion head 53, and the expansion plate 51 is arranged around the expansion head 53, so that the hinged support rod 54 can be better driven to push the expansion plate 51 open during displacement. A driving member 55 is arranged above the transmission rod 52 to drive the transmission rod 52 to move along the length direction of the steel pipe pile 1, and the driving member 55 is fixed in the steel pipe pile 1.
Example 2:
a construction method of a steel trestle, as shown in fig. 1, 2 and 3, comprising the following steps:
s1, construction preparation: before construction, comprehensively mastering local climatic conditions, hydrological characteristics and geological conditions, constructing the steel trestle to be constructed in sections according to a design drawing, reasonably arranging operation according to a planned construction period in time, and organizing constructors, equipment and materials to enter the field;
s2, measurement and setting: for accurate positioning, erecting measuring platforms on two sides of the axis of the trestle at the front of construction along the route direction, accurately determining the actual position of the steel pipe pile foundation according to a design drawing, and directing a positioning ship to position;
s3, construction of a trestle bridge abutment: filling soil to build an island at the abutment position of the trestle, filling soil to the bridge deck elevation outside the trestle, and performing riprap slope protection treatment on two sides of a soil filling transition section of the access road connected with the trestle abutment;
s4, driving a steel pipe pile foundation: the steel pipe pile 1 is hoisted by a crawler crane and placed at a measured position, the steel pipe pile 1 is driven into a specified position through a pile hammer, the penetration depth of each steel pipe pile 1 is guaranteed to be above a designed value, an expansion mechanism 5 is arranged inside the steel pipe pile 1, so that a transmission rod 52 moves along the length direction of the steel pipe pile 1 to drive an expansion head 53, the expansion head 53 is hinged with a support rod 54 to control the expansion angle of an expansion plate 51, namely, the expansion plate 51 is driven to be outwards expanded through a rotating shaft to complete fixation, transverse supports 11 are welded between the same row of steel pipe piles 1, and cross braces 12 are welded between the adjacent steel pipe piles 1;
s5, mounting a pad beam: hoisting the pad beam 2 at the top of the steel pipe pile 1 and welding the pad beam with the steel pipe pile 1 to form a whole;
s6, construction of the Bailey truss beam: assembling Bailey truss beams 21 in advance according to preset segmentation lengths on the shore, transporting the Bailey truss beams to a construction pier position, determining specific positions of the Bailey truss beams 21 on the backing beams 2 by measuring personnel, and fixing the Bailey truss beams 21 on the backing beams 2 by using U-shaped limiting plates 22;
s7, construction of a transverse distribution beam and a bridge deck system: the transverse distribution beam 3 is conveyed to the Bailey truss beam 21 and is spread and fixed, then a bridge deck steel plate 31 is spread above the transverse distribution beam 3, and a railing 32 is welded;
s8, designing a limiting and reinforcing device: designing the number of limiting and reinforcing devices 4 and the spacing distance of the limiting and reinforcing devices 4 on one side of the middle part of the steel trestle according to the rising height of the river water level, the maximum flow velocity of water flow, the wind level state and the length of the steel trestle on the construction site in the past year, wherein the limiting and reinforcing devices 4 are positioned at the outer side end of the middle part of the steel trestle at the lower water flow;
s9, processing and manufacturing of the limiting and reinforcing device: according to design drawings, a first reinforcing steel pipe pile 41, a second reinforcing steel pipe pile 42 and a third reinforcing steel pipe pile 43 which form a limiting reinforcing device 4 are driven into the river bottom of the outer side end of the middle part of the steel trestle at the position of lower water flow, wherein at least two reinforcing steel pipe piles are parallel to two adjacent steel pipe piles 1 and have equal spacing distance, and a slideway, a sliding block connecting lug, a positioning bolt and an oblique supporting beam 44 which are distributed at the spacing distance are prepared on the upper part of the outer side surface of at least one outer reinforcing steel pipe pile;
s10, installing a limiting and reinforcing device: a plurality of transverse supports 11 are arranged between the first reinforcing steel pipe pile 41, the second reinforcing steel pipe pile 42 and the third reinforcing steel pipe pile 43 at intervals from top to bottom, a cross brace 12 is fixed between the upper transverse support 11 and the lower transverse support 11, an inclined support beam 44 is placed at a position which is a certain distance away from the outer side of the third reinforcing steel pipe pile 43, an inclined support beam connecting lug at the upper end of the inclined support beam 44 and a slide block connecting lug at the rear end of a slide block in a slide way are connected into a whole through a connecting bolt shaft, and a pile press machine is used for slowly pressing a bottom anchor foot 45 of the inclined support beam 44 to a hard position of the river bottom to complete the installation of the limiting reinforcing device;
s11, installing the limiting reinforcing device and the middle part of the steel trestle in a connecting way: extending one end of each transverse distribution beam 3 on two adjacent steel pipe piles 1 to the upper ends of two adjacent first reinforced steel pipe piles 41 and second reinforced steel pipe piles 42, fixing a limiting inclined strut between the upper end of the outer side of the extended lower transverse distribution beam 3 and the outer end of the upper transverse distribution beam 3 on the side, fixing transverse supports 11 between the two steel pipe piles 1 and the corresponding two adjacent reinforced steel pipe piles at intervals up and down, and fixing a cross brace 12 between the upper transverse support 11 and the lower transverse support 11 to complete the connection of the limiting reinforcing device 4 and the middle part of the steel trestle;
s12, fixing the limiting and reinforcing device in the middle of the steel trestle: the bottom anchor foot 45 of the inclined supporting beam 44 is slowly pressed down to the hard position of the river bottom by the pile pressing machine again, the slide block is fixed in the slide way of the corresponding part by the positioning bolt, and the connection and the fixation of the limiting and reinforcing device 4 and the middle part of the steel trestle are finished;
s13, dismantling: the dismounting sequence is opposite to the erection sequence, the limiting and reinforcing device is firstly dismounted, then the railing, the bridge deck steel plate and the transverse distribution beam are firstly dismounted from top to bottom, and then the U-shaped limiting plate, the Bailey truss beam and the pad beam are dismounted; cutting off the transverse supports among the steel pipe piles, and detaching the cross supports or the inclined supports; finally, pulling out the steel pipe pile;
when the steel pipe pile is pulled out, the steel pipe pile is firstly downwards beaten by the pile hammer for 1-2 minutes so as to reduce the bonding force between soil and the steel pipe pile after long-term formation, and then the steel pipe pile is upwards pulled out.
It should be understood that the above examples are only for clarity of illustration and are not intended to limit the embodiments. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. And are neither required nor exhaustive of all embodiments. And obvious variations or modifications therefrom are within the scope of the invention.
Claims (8)
1. A construction method of a steel trestle is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, construction preparation: before construction, comprehensively mastering local climatic conditions, hydrological characteristics and geological conditions, constructing the steel trestle to be constructed in sections according to a design drawing, reasonably arranging operation according to a planned construction period in time, and organizing constructors, equipment and materials to enter the field;
s2, measurement and setting: for accurate positioning, erecting measuring platforms on two sides of the axis of the trestle at the front of construction along the route direction, accurately determining the actual position of the steel pipe pile foundation according to a design drawing, and directing a positioning ship to position;
s3, construction of a trestle bridge abutment: filling soil to build an island at the abutment position of the trestle, filling soil to the bridge deck elevation outside the trestle, and performing riprap slope protection treatment on two sides of a soil filling transition section of the access road connected with the trestle abutment;
s4, driving a steel pipe pile foundation: the method comprises the following steps that a crawler crane lifts steel pipe piles and places the steel pipe piles at a measured position, the steel pipe piles are driven into a specified position through a pile driving hammer, the soil penetration depth of each steel pipe pile is guaranteed to be above a design value, an expansion mechanism is arranged inside the steel pipe piles, transverse supports are welded among the steel pipe piles in the same row, and cross braces are welded among the adjacent steel pipe piles;
s5, mounting a pad beam: hoisting a pad beam at the top of the steel pipe pile and welding the pad beam with the steel pipe pile to form a whole;
s6, construction of the Bailey truss beam: assembling the Bailey truss girder in advance according to a preset segmentation length on the shore, transporting the Bailey truss girder to a construction pier position, determining a specific position of the Bailey truss girder on the pad girder by a measuring person, and fixing the Bailey truss girder on the pad girder by using a U-shaped limiting plate;
s7, construction of a transverse distribution beam and a bridge deck system: conveying the transverse distribution beam to the Bailey truss beam, spreading and fixing the transverse distribution beam, spreading a bridge deck steel plate above the transverse distribution beam, and welding a handrail;
s8, designing a limiting and reinforcing device: designing the number of limiting and reinforcing devices and the spacing distance of the limiting and reinforcing devices positioned on one side of the middle part of the steel trestle according to the rising height of the river water level, the maximum flow velocity of water flow, the wind level state and the length of the steel trestle on the construction site in the past year, wherein the limiting and reinforcing devices are positioned at the outer side end of the middle part of the steel trestle at the lower water flow;
s9, processing and manufacturing of the limiting and reinforcing device: according to a design drawing, a first reinforcing steel pipe pile, a second reinforcing steel pipe pile and a third reinforcing steel pipe pile which form a limiting reinforcing device are driven into a river bottom of an outer side end of the middle part of a steel trestle at a lower water flow position, wherein at least two reinforcing steel pipe piles are parallel to two adjacent steel pipe piles, and the spacing distance is equal, and a slideway, a sliding block connecting lug, a positioning bolt and an oblique supporting beam which are distributed at the spacing distance are prepared on the upper part of the outer side surface of at least one outer reinforcing steel pipe pile;
s10, installing a limiting and reinforcing device: a plurality of transverse supports are arranged between the first reinforcing steel pipe pile, the second reinforcing steel pipe pile and the third reinforcing steel pipe pile at intervals from top to bottom, a scissor support is fixed between the upper transverse support and the lower transverse support, an inclined supporting beam is placed at a position away from the outer side of the third reinforcing steel pipe pile by a certain distance, an inclined supporting beam connecting lug at the upper end of the inclined supporting beam and a sliding block connecting lug at the rear end of a sliding block in a slideway are connected into a whole through a connecting bolt, and a pile press machine is used for slowly pressing a bottom anchor foot of the inclined supporting beam to a hard position of the river bottom to finish the installation of a limiting reinforcing device;
s11, installing the limiting reinforcing device and the middle part of the steel trestle in a connecting way: extending one end of a transverse distribution beam on two adjacent steel pipe piles to the upper ends of two adjacent first reinforced steel pipe piles and second reinforced steel pipe piles, fixing a limiting inclined strut between the upper end of the outer side of the extended lower transverse distribution beam and the outer side end of the upper transverse distribution beam on the side, fixing transverse supports between the two steel pipe piles and the corresponding two adjacent reinforced steel pipe piles at intervals up and down, and fixing a cross support between the upper transverse support and the lower transverse support to complete the connection of a limiting reinforcing device and the middle part of a steel trestle;
s12, fixing the limiting and reinforcing device in the middle of the steel trestle: and the pile press is used for slowly pressing the bottom anchor foot of the inclined supporting beam downwards again to fix the bottom anchor foot to the hard position of the river bottom, and the sliding block is fixed in the slideway of the corresponding part by the positioning bolt, so that the fixing of the connection of the limiting and reinforcing device and the middle part of the steel trestle is completed.
2. The steel trestle construction method according to claim 1, characterized in that after the bridge construction is completed, the steel trestle is dismantled in a reverse order to the erection order, the limiting and reinforcing device is dismantled, then the railings, the bridge deck steel plates and the transverse distribution beams are dismantled from top to bottom, and then the U-shaped limiting plates, the Bailey truss beams and the pad beams are dismantled; cutting off the transverse supports among the steel pipe piles, and detaching the cross supports or the inclined supports; and finally, pulling out the steel pipe pile.
3. The method as claimed in claim 2, wherein the steel pipe pile is pulled out by striking the steel pipe pile downward using the hammer for 1-2 minutes to reduce a bonding force between soil and the steel pipe pile after a long period of time, and then pulling out the steel pipe pile upward.
4. The steel trestle construction method according to claim 1, wherein the first, second and third reinforced steel pipe piles are distributed in a triangular shape.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein an angle between the diagonal support beam and the corresponding third reinforced steel pipe pile is 30-60 °.
6. The construction method of the steel trestle according to claim 1, wherein the expansion mechanism comprises an expanding plate arranged at the bottom of the steel pipe pile and a transmission rod arranged inside the steel pipe pile, the expanding plate is expanded outwards through movable connection with the steel pipe pile, an expansion head is fixedly connected below the transmission rod, the expansion head is hinged with a support rod, and the other end of the support rod is hinged to the inner wall of the expanding plate.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein the expansion head is in the shape of a rectangular pyramid, and the support rods are hinged to the inclined surfaces of the expansion head.
8. The construction method of the steel trestle according to claim 6, wherein a driving part is arranged above the transmission rod to drive the transmission rod to move along the length direction of the steel pipe pile, and the driving part is fixed in the steel pipe pile.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112144408A (en) * | 2020-09-22 | 2020-12-29 | 中交一公局集团有限公司 | Construction method for building assembled trestle |
| CN113565000A (en) * | 2021-09-07 | 2021-10-29 | 中铁十一局集团第五工程有限公司 | Trestle is consolidated to steel-pipe pile |
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