WO2006095196A1 - Bloc de construction - Google Patents

Bloc de construction Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2006095196A1
WO2006095196A1 PCT/GB2006/000876 GB2006000876W WO2006095196A1 WO 2006095196 A1 WO2006095196 A1 WO 2006095196A1 GB 2006000876 W GB2006000876 W GB 2006000876W WO 2006095196 A1 WO2006095196 A1 WO 2006095196A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
block
projection
construction
construction block
blocks
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/GB2006/000876
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
John Allen
Derek Peter Taylor
Stephen David Cox
Original Assignee
Jack Allen Holdings Limited
Gould Singleton Architects Limited
Advance Enterprises Limited
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from GB0505040A external-priority patent/GB0505040D0/en
Application filed by Jack Allen Holdings Limited, Gould Singleton Architects Limited, Advance Enterprises Limited filed Critical Jack Allen Holdings Limited
Publication of WO2006095196A1 publication Critical patent/WO2006095196A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
    • C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B26/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing only organic binders, e.g. polymer or resin concrete
    • C04B26/02—Macromolecular compounds
    • C04B26/04—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
    • C04B28/001—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing unburned clay
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2/04—Walls having neither cavities between, nor in, the solid elements
    • E04B2/06—Walls having neither cavities between, nor in, the solid elements using elements having specially-designed means for stabilising the position
    • E04B2/08—Walls having neither cavities between, nor in, the solid elements using elements having specially-designed means for stabilising the position by interlocking of projections or inserts with indentations, e.g. of tongues, grooves, dovetails
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C1/00—Building elements of block or other shape for the construction of parts of buildings
    • E04C1/39—Building elements of block or other shape for the construction of parts of buildings characterised by special adaptations, e.g. serving for locating conduits, for forming soffits, cornices, or shelves, for fixing wall-plates or door-frames, for claustra
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2002/0202—Details of connections
    • E04B2002/0204—Non-undercut connections, e.g. tongue and groove connections
    • E04B2002/0206—Non-undercut connections, e.g. tongue and groove connections of rectangular shape
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2002/0202—Details of connections
    • E04B2002/0232—Undercut connections, e.g. using undercut tongues and grooves
    • E04B2002/0234—Angular dovetails
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2002/0256—Special features of building elements
    • E04B2002/0267—Building elements with the appearance of several bricks
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
    • Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a construction block and a building using a construction block.
  • An aim of the invention is to provide a new or improved construction block.
  • a construction block having an upper face and a lower face, the block having a projection on one of the upper face and the lower face and a recess shaped to receive the projection on the other of the upper face and the lower face, wherein the projection comprises an elongate ridge extending from one end of the block longitudinally of the block and where the recess is shaped to receive the projection of a further construction block.
  • a part of the projection further from the block may have a larger dimension than a part of the projection closer to the block.
  • the projection may be tapered, and the recess may be correspondingly tapered to provide a dovetail connection between adjacent blocks.
  • the construction block may comprise a channel located on the one face of the block alongside the projection.
  • the projection may extend from one end of the block to the other end of the block.
  • the construction block may comprise a corner block, wherein the projection comprises a first limb extending over a majority of the length block and a side limb extending to a side face of the block and where the recess can receive a projection of a further corner block.
  • the construction block may alternatively comprise a T section block wherein the projection extends longitudinally of the block between and faces of a first part of the block, and where the block has a second part which is about half the length of the first part joined to the first part at a mid point of the first part, the second part comprising a projection and a recess.
  • the length of the block may be twice the width of the block.
  • the width of the projection may be the range of about 0.5 to 0.7 times the width of the block and preferably about 0.56 times the width of the block.
  • the construction block may have a length of 450 mm and a width of 225 mm and where the projection has a width of 125 mm. It is known to process municipal and household waste, and also some commercial waste and industrial waste which can be included in municipal waste, by treating the waste material in an autoclave.
  • the waste introduced into an autoclave which is a closed pressure vessel, and is subjected to saturated steam at an appropriate pressure and temperature, typically of at least 3 bar and above 13O 0 C.
  • the waste material is sterilised making it safe to handle.
  • organic material within the waste material such as fibres, plant matters, paper and the like, is broken down to form a mass of small cellulose particles.
  • a substantial part of the resulting treatment waste material is the mass of small cellulose particles, herein after referred to as recycled cellulose particles. It has been found that these recycled cellulose particles may be advantageously included in a construction block, resulting in a low cost relatively lightweight block that may easily be handled by an unskilled builder.
  • the present invention we provide a construction block comprising recycled cellulose particles and a binding agent.
  • the construction block may comprise an aggregate.
  • the aggregate may comprise a colouring agent to provide a desired appearance to the construction block.
  • the aggregate may comprise waste aggregate particles.
  • the binding agent may comprise a resin.
  • the binding agent may comprise PVA.
  • the binding agent may comprise brick clay.
  • the cellulose fibres may be mixed with the brick clay in the proportion 1 to 2% by volume.
  • the binding agent may comprise cement.
  • the construction block may comprise engagement elements to engage a further construction block.
  • the engagement elements may comprise a projection on one face of the block and a recess shaped to receive the projection on an opposite face of the block.
  • a building comprising a plurality of instruction blocks according to the first aspect or second aspect of the invention, the building further comprising a roof truss adapted to engage a projection of an uppermost construction block of a ball of the building.
  • the building may comprise a base, a guide projection attached to the base, the guide projection being received in a recess of a lower most construction block of a wall of the building.
  • Figure 1a is a side view of a construction block according to the present invention
  • Figure 1b is a top view of the block from Figure 1 a
  • Figure 1c is an end view of the block of Figure 1 a
  • Figure 2 is a top view of a corner block according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a top view of a further corner block embodying the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a top view of a further junction block embodying the present invention.
  • Figure 5a is a side view of a half length block embodying the present invention.
  • Figure 5b is a top view of the half block of Figure 5a
  • Figure 6 is a side view of a cill for use with the blocks of Figure 1 a.
  • Figure 7 is a top view of a quarter length block embodying the present invention
  • Figure 8 is a side elevation of a building embodying the present invention
  • Figure 9 is a lay out plan of the building of Figure 8.
  • Figure 10 is a cross-section on of line 10 of Figure 9,
  • Figure 11 is a view on a larger scale of part of the section of Figure 10.
  • Figure 12 is a plan view of the building of Figure 8 illustrating the roof structure.
  • Figure 13a is a perspective view of a construction block according to the present invention.
  • Figure 13b is a top view of the block of Figure 13a
  • Figure 13c is a bottom view of the block of Figure 13a
  • Figure 13d_ is a side view of the block of Figure 13a
  • Figure 13e is an end view of the block of Figure 13a
  • Figure 14a_ is a perspective view of a connection block for use with the block of Figure 13a
  • Figure 14b is a top view of the block of Figure 14a
  • Figure 15a is a perspective view of a half length block embodying the present invention
  • Figure 15b is a perspective view of the half length block of Figure 15a
  • Figure 16a is a perspective view of a cill for use with the block of Figure 13a
  • Figure 16b is an end view of the cill of Figure 16a
  • Figure 16c is a plan view of the cill of Figure 16a
  • Figure 17a is a perspective view of a lintel for use with the block of Figure 13a
  • Figure 17b is an end view of the lintel of Figure 17a
  • Figure 17c is a plan view of the lintel of Figure 17a
  • Figure 18a is a perspective view of a wall comprising the blocks of Figure 13a,
  • Figure 18b is a perspective view of the wall of Figure 18a from a different direction
  • Figure 19a is a perspective view of a further wall comprising the blocks of Figure 13a,
  • Figure 19b is a perspective view of the wall of Figure 19a from a different direction
  • Figure 20a_ is a plan of a building embodying the present invention
  • Figure 20b is a front view of the building of Figure 20a
  • Figure 20c is a rear view of the building of Figure 20a
  • Figure 2Od is an end view of the building of Figure 20a.
  • Figure 2Oe is a front view of the building of Figure 20a.
  • a construction block embodying the present invention is generally indicated at 10.
  • the block has an upper face 11 , a lower face 12, side faces 13 and end faces 14.
  • the block has a length of 450 mm, a width of 225 mm and a height from the lower face 12 to the upper face 11 of 150 mm.
  • the block may essentially be manufactured to any desirable size as appropriate, but in general it is desirable that the width of the block is half the length of the block to simplify construction of a wall with the block and to simplify the provision of corner blocks as discussed below.
  • the block 10 is provided on one of the upper and lower face with a projection 15 and on the other of the upper and lower face with a recess 16 of a size to receive the projection 15 of a further block 10.
  • the projection 15 is located on the upper surface 11 of the block 10 and the recess is located on the lower face 12 of the block 10, but it will be apparent that the configuration of a block may be reversed.
  • the width of the projection 15 is preferably sufficient to give a good engagement between vertically located blocks whilst itself being sufficiently robust, and also allow a step of the upper surface either side of the projection 15 to provide adhesive channels alongside the projection 15 as shown at 17, similar channels 18 are provided on the lower face 12 of the block 10.
  • the projection preferably has a width in the range of 0.5 to 0.7 times the width of the block 10, and in the present example of a block having a 225 mm width, the projection has a width of 125 mm or 0.56 times the width of the block.
  • the recess 16 is very slightly wider than the projection 15 allow to the interengagement of the projection 15 and recess 16. In the present example, the recess 16 has a width of about 127 mm.
  • the channels 17 are two millimetres deep.
  • the block of Figures 1a, 1b and 1c is intended for use as a block in straight courses of blocks, and so the projection 15 extends longitudinally of the block 10 along its entire upper face, from one end face 14 to the other, opposed, end face 14.
  • each of the corner blocks 20, 21 the block is provided with a projection having a main limb 22 of the same dimensions as the projection 15 of the block of Figure 1 , which runs from an end face of the block 20, 21 but which does not extend to the other end face 14 of the block.
  • the projection 22 has a side limb 23 extending at a right angle to the main limb 22 which ends at a side face 13 of the block but which has the same width and height as the rest of the projection 22.
  • An end shoulder 24 of the upper surface 11 extends across the width of the block 20, 21.
  • the blocks 20, 21 similarly have a recess of the same configuration located on their lower surface (not shown).
  • a left hand corner block 20 may be located on a right hand corner block 21 and rotated through 90° such that the blocks interengage and leave a respective part with half a block's length extending to engage a block 10 of a run of the wall.
  • the corner blocks interengage in the correct relative position and provide a right angled junction for a junction between wall runs without requiring any skill from the builder.
  • a T section construction block is shown at 30 in Figure 4.
  • the block has a first part 31 which has the same general dimensions as the construction block 10, and has a second part 32 which has the same cross- section as the first part 31 but is half the length, attached to the first part 31 at a mid point along the length of the first part 31.
  • the second part 32 has a projection 33 of similar dimensions to the projection 15.
  • the projections 33, 15 do not join up, but are spaced by a width equal to the shoulder 11a of the upper surface 11 of the block 10.
  • recesses are provided on the lower face of the block 30. The projections and recesses are such that a construction block 10 can be placed on top of the first part 31 and allows the T section construction block 30 to be embedded in a wall.
  • a half length block is shown at 40 in Figures 5a and 5b and a quarter length block at 41 in Figure 6.
  • the half length block 40 and quarter length block 15 have the same cross section as the block 10 on Figure 1a, but are only of a half or a quarter of the length respectively.
  • a cill 42 having a cross section shown in Figure 7 is provided, having a recess 43 to engage the projection 15 on the upper row of blocks 10 and an appropriately shaped outer surface 44.
  • the sill 42 has channels 44 in the other surface corresponding to the channels 18 provided on the lower surface 12 of the block 10.
  • a plurality of blocks 10 may be located adjacent one another with the projections 15 received in recesses 16 in Flemish bond or otherwise, to simply provide an easily assembled and robust construction.
  • the blocks 10 may be bonded together by placing an adhesive bead 21 in the channels 17 on the upper face 11 of a block 10, that it is received in and bonds to the track 18 the lower face 12 of the further block 10 located on top of the first block 10.
  • a building embodying the invention and constructed from blocks 10, 20, 21 , 30, 40, 41 and 42 will now be described with reference to Figures 8 to 12.
  • a building is generally shown at 50 with opposed side walls 51 , opposed end walls 52, internal partition walls 53 and a roof structure 54.
  • the side walls 51 end walls 52 and internal walls 53 in general comprise runs of the construction blocks 10 in Flemish bond.
  • Half length blocks 40 are used around the door and window frames, and the window openings are provided with a cill 42.
  • the cill 42 has a length of twice that of the block 10 to provide a standard width window which can easily be incorporated in the wall 51, but it could be envisaged that cills 42 of different lengths might be provided to provide different sized windows.
  • a standard width cill 42 may be provided and a standard width lintel having the same cross section as the block 10 but three times the width may be provided above each window opening 55 and door opening 56.
  • the corners of the building between end walls 52 and side walls 51 consist on alternate levels of left hand corner blocks 20 and right hand corner blocks 21.
  • T section construction blocks 30 are built into the side walls 51 and the right hand end wall 52 to tie the internal walls 53 to the external walls 51, 52.
  • the internal walls 53 are then built up of runs of blocks 10 with half blocks 52 or, as shown at 41 , quarter blocks where needed to provide walls of the appropriate length and dimension.
  • a base slab is shown at 57 which may simply be made of poured concrete.
  • a guide 58 is shown which is fixed to the base slab 57 and is dimensional to be received in a recess 16 of the lower most course of the walls 51, 52, 53. It is envisaged that the layout of the building 50 could be appropriately standardised so that the guide 58 provides a complete template for the building layout which can then be followed by the person laying the blocks. Successive courses of blocks 10 may be placed on one another, with an adhesive bead being located in the channels 17 and the adhesive bead being received in the channels 18 on the lower surface 12 of each brick so that successive courses of blocks 10 are simply bonded together without needing to judge the thickness of a mortar layer or otherwise.
  • a series of trusses 60 are provided which are located on top of the side walls 51 when they have reached the appropriate height.
  • the trusses 60 in the present example comprise simple wooden triangular trusses with a hook part 61 at each end to engage the projection 15 of the blocks 10 on the top row of each side wall 51.
  • a single standard size of truss need be provided.
  • a centre part 62 of the truss may be supported by the upper most course of blocks 10 of the wall 53.
  • the roof structure then comprises an underlining 65 laid over the trusses 60 and then a series of battens 66 running longitudinally of the building 50 which are fixed to the trusses 60 through the underlining 65.
  • the roof itself comprises plastic sheeting 67 which is fixed to the batten 66 such that successive runs of the sheeting 67 overlie one another as best shown in Figure 11.
  • the trusses include lintel beams 64 which extend the full width of the building and provide the trusses with designed strength and rigidity.
  • a gable cladding generally shown at 68 is provided which can be fixed to the end truss 60.
  • a further construction block embodying the present invention is generally indicated at 100.
  • the block has an upper face 101 , a lower face 102, side faces 103 and end faces 104.
  • the block has a length of 202 mm, a width of 98 mm and a height from the lower face 102 to the upper face 11 of 60 mm.
  • the block may essentially be manufactured to any desirable size as appropriate, but in general it is desirable that the width of the block is half the length of the block to simplify construction of a wall with the block and to simplify the provision of corner blocks as discussed below.
  • the block 101 is provided with interengaging formations to allow vertically located blocks to be interlinked.
  • the block 101 is provided on one of the upper and lower face with a projection 105 and on the other of the upper and lower face with a recess
  • the projection 105 is located on the upper surface 101 of the block 100 and the recess is located on the lower face 102 of the block
  • the block 100 differs from the embodiment shown in Figures 1 to 12 in that in this embodiment the projection 105 and recess 106 are shaped such that, when the projection 105 of one block 100 is received in a recess 106 of a further block 100, the projection 105 and recess 106 serve to lock the blocks 100 together such that they cannot be separated by movement in a direction transverse to the blocks' longitudinal axes, and in particular when the blocks are arranged vertically, the blocks cannot be separated by lifting one block off the other.
  • this is achieved by the projection 105 having an inwardly-tapering cross-section in profile and the recess 106 having a corresponding shape, such that the projection 105 and recess 106 of adjacent blocks form a dovetail joint.
  • any other cross- section or shape of projection may be used as desired, providing that a part of the projection further from the block 100 has a larger dimension than a part of the projection closer to the block 100, and the recess is shaped accordingly.
  • a T-shaped projection received within a recess comprising a channel with a narrow mouth could be used.
  • the width of the projection 105 is preferably sufficient to give a good engagement between vertically located blocks whilst itself being sufficiently robust, and also allow a step of the upper surface either side of the projection 105.
  • the block 100 has a width of 98 mm and the projection has a maximum width of 38 mm.
  • the recess 106 is very slightly wider than the projection 105 allow to the interengagement of the projection 105 and recess 106.
  • the recess 106 has a width of about 40 mm.
  • the projection 105 has a height of about 10mm above the upper surface 101.
  • the side faces 103 are shaped with an edge channel 107a running along the lower part of each side face 103 and along one end of the side face 103. This defines a raised portion 107b which will resemble a brick as will be shown in more detail below.
  • the block of Figures 13a to 13e is intended for use as a block in straight courses of blocks, and so the projection 105 extends longitudinally of the block 100 along its entire upper face, from one end face 104 to the other, opposed, end face 104.
  • the block 100 is unsuitable for providing corners or T- junctions between adjacent walls, and so a suitable connection block is shown at 110 in Figures 14a and 14b.
  • the block 110 has the same shape and dimensions as the block 100 shown in Figures 13a to 13e, but differs in the shape of the projection.
  • the block 110 instead has a pair of projections 111 disposed on the longitudinal axis of the block 110, one towards each end of the block 110.
  • the projections 111 have the same cross-section as the projection 105, both longitudinally and transversely of the block 110.
  • the recess 106 of a block 100 may engage one of the projections 111 so that the block 110 and block 100 extend generally perpendicularly to one another, or alternative such that the longitudinal axes of the blocks lie in the same plane.
  • the block 110 allows corners and junctions to be formed. It is apparent that it will be necessary to include half sized blocks in a wall, for example to allow for door or window openings and to permit junctions to be formed as discussed below, and a half length block is shown at 130 in Figures 15a and 15t ⁇
  • the half length block 130 has the same cross section as the block 100 of Figure 13a, but is only half the length. Where an upper surface a row of the blocks 110 will be exposed, for example in a window opening, a cill 140 is provided, having a recess 141 to engage the projection
  • a lintel 150 may be provided as shown in Figures 17a, 17b and 17c.
  • the lintel comprises an elongate element 151 which is long enough to extend across the width of the opening and extend at least half a block's length into the wall on either side of the opening.
  • the elongate element 151 has the depth of two blocks 110, and is provided with a projection 152 on its upper surface having the same cross- section as the projection 105.
  • the elongate element 151 also has a recess 153 located on its lower surface having the same cross-section of the recess 106 of the block 100.
  • the side faces 154 of the lintel 150 are provided with channels 155 to give the appearance of brickwork by defining raised areas 156.
  • the cill 140 could be made of timber and could also comprise part of an integral window frame with a projection on the top member to engage the recess 153 of the lintel 150. Where an integral window frame is provided, the recess 141 of the cill 140 would be engaged with the projection 105 of the blocks immediately below the window, and slid to the appropriate position.
  • a building is generally shown at 150 with opposed side walls 151 , opposed end walls 152, internal partition walls 153 and a roof structure 154.
  • the side walls 151 , end walls 152 and internal walls 153 in general comprise runs of the construction blocks 100 in Flemish bond.
  • Half length blocks 40 are used around the door and window frames, and window openings 155 are provided with a cill 140.
  • the door openings 156 and window openings 155 each have a lintel 150.
  • the cills 140 and lintels 150 have a length as necessary to provide standard width openings which can easily be incorporated in the walls 151, 152, but it could be envisaged that cills and lintels of different lengths might be provided to provide different sized openings.
  • the building 150 is constructed upon a concrete slab, which may be poured or otherwise provided as desired.
  • Guides may be bolted to the slab, for example following a full-size template which may simply be printed on a plastic sheet which is laid on the slab.
  • the guides have a projection of the same cross-section as projection 105 of the blocks 100, which engages the recesses 1o6 of the lowermost courses of the walls 151 , 152, 153.
  • the layout of the building 150 could be appropriately standardised so that the guide provides a complete template for the building layout which can then be followed by the person laying the blocks.
  • Successive courses of blocks 100 may be placed on one another to complete the building. Adhesive or other bonding may be used where desired, but in general no adhesive or mortar will be required as the blocks will be locked together and to the slab.
  • each course of blocks 100 ends with a conection block 110.
  • the projections 111 of the connection blocks 110 align with the projections 105 of the rows of blocks 100, thus allowing the next course of blocks 100 to be slid into place along the lower course.
  • each alternate course of the main run 158a is provided with a connection block 110 extending at right angles to the direction of the main run 158a.
  • the arm wall 158b can then be assembled from blocks 100, where the end block of each alternate course will be received between the projecting halves of the connection blocks 110 embedded in the main run 158a.
  • each course which does not include a connection block 110 will include a half block as shown at 130. It will be apparent that when the walls 150, 151 , 152 are assembled, the provision of raised portions and channels on the blocks will give the wall an appearance of a conventional wall assembled from bricks and mortar. It will be apparent that the inner and/or outer surfaces of the walls may be rendered, plastered, painted or otherwise treated as desired, and indeed blocks with any other desired surface may be provided as appropriate.
  • the roof structure 154 may be provided as desired, for example in a similar method to that discussed above with reference to Figures 10 to 12.
  • the blocks are assembled using recycled cellulose particles as defined herein and a binding agent.
  • the construction block may also be provided including an aggregate to provide additional strength and/or a desired appearance to construction block 10.
  • the construction block 10 may comprise recycled cellulose particles bonded with a binding agent comprising a resin for example a rape seed oil resin.
  • the aggregate may comprise any suitable mixture and in particular may comprise waste aggregate such as granite chippings, crushed shale, sand, crushed slate or any other aggregates to act as a colouring agent and to provide appropriate strength and appearance to the block 10.
  • the aggregate may comprise or be manufactured from waste material resulting from the extraction or use of the aggregate in other applications.
  • the binding agent may comprise any suitable bonding material such as PVA adhesive.
  • the binding agent may comprise a thermoplastic material with good button flow properties e.g. low molecular weight.
  • Thermoplastic resins with hydroxyl or carboxyl groups are used for thermosetting or polypropylene co-polymer to give crosslinking initiation with the methoxy groups.
  • These materials can be supplied with grafting of silanes together with peroxide, and can be further enhanced by adding a suitable catalyst.
  • Certain methacrylates improve thermosetting which leads to stiffer and harder product ranges.
  • blocks comprising bricks made with a suitable brick clay as the binding agent may include cellulose fibre particles as part of the mixture in the proportion of 1 to 2% by volume of the clay.
  • the addition of the recycled cellulose particles reduces the firing temperature of the resulting construction blocks, as the recycled cellulose particles combust within the clay, and also result in a lighter block due to the presence of air spaces within the fired clay.
  • the construction blocks may be moulded and cured otherwise as desired.
  • the blocks may be formed by extrusion, particularly when they are formed from recycled cellulose material and a binding agent.
  • blocks assembled from recycled cellulose particles in this manner provide good thermal properties to reduce heat losses in cold weather and heat gain in warm weather whilst providing light weight and easily handled blocks which may be assembled quickly by unskilled labour.
  • the construction blocks 10 are envisaged as being able to provide quick and low cost accommodation, for example as part of a response to a disaster in third world countries, to provide non-permanent habitation or otherwise.
  • the blocks 10 and trim items may be provided with any outward finish, with a textured surface simulating natural stone facing or brickwork or others and with a colour depending on the mixture of aggregate used.

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un bloc de construction (100) comportant une face supérieure (101) et une face inférieure (102), le bloc comportant une saillie (105) sur une face parmi la face supérieure et la face inférieure ainsi qu’un creux (106) formé pour recevoir la saillie sur l’autre face, la saillie comprenant une nervure allongée s’étendant depuis une extrémité du bloc longitudinalement au bloc et le creux étant formé pour recevoir la saillie d’un bloc de construction supplémentaire.
PCT/GB2006/000876 2005-03-11 2006-03-10 Bloc de construction WO2006095196A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB0505040A GB0505040D0 (en) 2005-03-11 2005-03-11 Construction block
GB0505040.6 2005-03-11
GB0522467A GB0522467D0 (en) 2005-03-11 2005-11-03 Construction block
GB0522467.0 2005-11-03

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2006095196A1 true WO2006095196A1 (fr) 2006-09-14

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/GB2006/000876 WO2006095196A1 (fr) 2005-03-11 2006-03-10 Bloc de construction

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Country Link
WO (1) WO2006095196A1 (fr)

Citations (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH253663A (de) * 1946-02-27 1948-03-31 Paul Dr Schumacher Bauwerk.
DE826501C (de) * 1947-11-08 1952-01-03 Otto Bauer Baustein fuer verschiedene Zwecke
GB760804A (en) * 1953-05-26 1956-11-07 Sidney Joseph Boreham Improvements in building blocks
US2902853A (en) * 1957-07-15 1959-09-08 Dennis E Lofstrom Building construction
CH372815A (fr) * 1961-03-31 1963-10-31 Authie Henri Moellon de construction
GB1183955A (en) * 1966-05-22 1970-03-11 Schlackenaufbereitung Gmbh U C Method of Producing Building Blocks
DE4403588A1 (de) * 1993-03-01 1994-09-08 Helmut Gruener Wärmedämmbauelement
DE4325486A1 (de) * 1993-07-29 1995-02-02 Vogtland Hartsteinwerke Gmbh Vorgeformtes Bauteil, insbesondere Baustein
DE19952459A1 (de) * 1999-10-29 2001-05-03 Ralf Eger Formteile zur Errichtung von Baukörpern
US20010029719A1 (en) * 1998-12-24 2001-10-18 Azar Tony J. Mortarless brick
US20030172849A1 (en) * 2000-05-05 2003-09-18 Peter Collier Building blocks

Patent Citations (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH253663A (de) * 1946-02-27 1948-03-31 Paul Dr Schumacher Bauwerk.
DE826501C (de) * 1947-11-08 1952-01-03 Otto Bauer Baustein fuer verschiedene Zwecke
GB760804A (en) * 1953-05-26 1956-11-07 Sidney Joseph Boreham Improvements in building blocks
US2902853A (en) * 1957-07-15 1959-09-08 Dennis E Lofstrom Building construction
CH372815A (fr) * 1961-03-31 1963-10-31 Authie Henri Moellon de construction
GB1183955A (en) * 1966-05-22 1970-03-11 Schlackenaufbereitung Gmbh U C Method of Producing Building Blocks
DE4403588A1 (de) * 1993-03-01 1994-09-08 Helmut Gruener Wärmedämmbauelement
DE4325486A1 (de) * 1993-07-29 1995-02-02 Vogtland Hartsteinwerke Gmbh Vorgeformtes Bauteil, insbesondere Baustein
US20010029719A1 (en) * 1998-12-24 2001-10-18 Azar Tony J. Mortarless brick
DE19952459A1 (de) * 1999-10-29 2001-05-03 Ralf Eger Formteile zur Errichtung von Baukörpern
US20030172849A1 (en) * 2000-05-05 2003-09-18 Peter Collier Building blocks

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