WO2006093094A1

WO2006093094A1 - Hydrogen occlusion device and hydrogen occlusion method

Info

Publication number: WO2006093094A1
Application number: PCT/JP2006/303623
Authority: WO
Inventors: Shigeru Matsuura; Toyoyuki Kubokawa; Masaki Hosoda
Original assignee: Taiheiyo Cement Corporation
Priority date: 2005-03-01
Filing date: 2006-02-27
Publication date: 2006-09-08
Also published as: JP2008133834A

Abstract

A hydrogen occlusion device and a hydrogen occlusion method, where, even if a hydrogen occlusion material requiring high pressure in hydrogen occlusion is used, a hydrogen storage cartridge with a thin wall thickness can be used. The hydrogen occlusion device is a device where hydrogen is occluded in a hydrogen storage cartridge (1) in which a hydrogen occlusion material capable of occluding hydrogen under pressure is filled. The hydrogen occlusion device has a pressure resistant container (2) resistant to hydrogen filling pressure, the hydrogen storage cartridge (1) received in the pressure resistant container (2), piping (3) for introducing hydrogen into the hydrogen storage cartridge (1), piping (14) for introducing gas into a space between the pressure resistant container (2) and the hydrogen storage cartridge (1), and a mechanism (4) for controlling a pressure difference between the internal pressure and the external pressure of the hydrogen storage cartridge (1). The hydrogen occlusion method uses the hydrogen occlusion device and causes hydrogen occlusion while controlling pressure so that the pressure difference between the internal pressure and the external pressure does not exceed design pressure of the hydrogen storage cartridge (1).

Description

Specification

Hydrogen storage device and hydrogen storage method

Technical field

[0001] The present invention relates to a hydrogen storage device and a hydrogen storage method for a hydrogen storage material that stores hydrogen under high pressure.

Background art

[0002] As a hydrogen storage material, hydrogen storage alloys have been studied and developed for a long time. The hydrogen storage rate per unit weight is low, and the present situation is that the hydrogen storage material has not yet been put into practical use. Regarding hydrogen storage tanks using hydrogen storage alloys, see JP-A-2000-120996, JP-A-2002-122294, JP-A-2002-221297, JP-A-2002-340430, etc. Being considered! RU

[0003] In general, hydrogen storage tanks filled with hydrogen storage materials mainly composed of hydrogen storage alloys, which are generally studied, have many in-vehicle tanks. In this case, the hydrogen storage tank is fixed to the vehicle. Hydrogen is charged directly into the tank. Since the chemical reaction when storing hydrogen is an exothermic reaction, even in the case of hydrogen storage alloys, a system for cooling the hydrogen storage material is required when storing hydrogen. Also, considering the practicality, the hydrogen filling rate is regarded as important, but as the hydrogen filling rate is increased, the amount of heat generated per unit time increases, and an efficient cooling system becomes important.

[0004] On the other hand, there is a possibility of refilling the entire tank as a form of the hydrogen storage tank. In this case, since the entire tank is replaced, considering the handling of loading and unloading, the size of the hydrogen storage tank including the hydrogen storage material is preferably small and light. In addition, since hydrogen can be refilled at a different location, there is no strict restriction on the time for filling hydrogen compared to the case of onboard fixed tank.

Recently, several new high-capacity hydrogen storage materials have been proposed, and Patent Document 1 has found a material that exhibits a high storage capacity under high pressure.

Patent Document 1: Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2004-196634

Disclosure of the invention Problems to be solved by the invention

[0006] However, when using a material as shown in Patent Document 1 above, the thickness of the hydrogen storage tank must be designed to be thick enough to withstand the hydrogen filling pressure, resulting in heavy weight. It must be a hydrogen storage tank. For this reason, even if the capacity of the hydrogen storage material is high, an effective hydrogen storage density cannot be obtained for the tank system.

[0007] In view of this point, the present invention is a hydrogen that can use a practical and lightweight hydrogen storage tank (hereinafter referred to as a hydrogen storage cartridge) even when using a hydrogen storage material that requires high pressure during hydrogen storage. It is an object of the present invention to provide a storage device and a hydrogen storage method.

Means for solving the problem

[0008] As a result of diligent research to solve the above problems, the present inventors have been able to withstand the hydrogen filling pressure when storing hydrogen, even when using a hydrogen storage cartridge with low pressure resistance that can be reduced in weight. It is possible to store a hydrogen storage cartridge in a pressure vessel and apply hydrogen pressure to the hydrogen storage capacity cartridge, and the pressure difference between the internal pressure and external pressure of the hydrogen storage cartridge should not exceed the design pressure of the hydrogen storage cartridge. By using a device capable of controlling the pressure at the same time, we have obtained the knowledge that hydrogen can be stored in the hydrogen storage material filled in the hydrogen storage cartridge and requiring high pressure when storing hydrogen. The present invention has been completed.

That is, the present invention provides the following (1) to (9).

(1) A hydrogen storage device for storing hydrogen in a hydrogen storage cartridge filled with a hydrogen storage material capable of storing hydrogen by pressure, a pressure-resistant container capable of withstanding the hydrogen filling pressure, and the pressure resistance The hydrogen storage cartridge housed in a container, a pipe for introducing hydrogen into the hydrogen storage cartridge, and a pipe for introducing gas into the gap between the pressure-resistant container and the hydrogen storage cartridge. A hydrogen storage device comprising a mechanism for controlling a pressure difference between an internal pressure and an external pressure of a cartridge.

[0011] (2) A hydrogen storage device that stores hydrogen in a hydrogen storage cartridge filled with a hydrogen storage material capable of storing hydrogen by pressure and heating, and can withstand the hydrogen charging pressure and is heated to the outside A pressure-resistant and heat-resistant container having a device, and housed in the pressure-resistant and heat-resistant container The hydrogen storage cartridge, a pipe for introducing hydrogen into the hydrogen storage cartridge, and a pipe for introducing gas into the gap between the pressure-resistant heat-resistant container and the hydrogen storage cartridge, and the internal pressure of the hydrogen storage cartridge A hydrogen storage device comprising a mechanism for controlling a pressure difference between external pressures.

[0012] (3) A hydrogen storage device that stores hydrogen in a hydrogen storage cartridge filled with a hydrogen storage material capable of storing hydrogen by pressure and heating, and can withstand a hydrogen filling pressure and a hydrogen filling temperature. Introducing a gas into a pressure-resistant and heat-resistant container, the hydrogen storage cartridge housed in the pressure-resistant and heat-resistant container, a pipe for introducing hydrogen into the hydrogen storage cartridge, and a gap between the pressure-resistant and heat-resistant container and the hydrogen storage cartridge A pipe, and a heat transfer portion provided in the pressure- and heat-resistant container and capable of heating the hydrogen storage material filled in the hydrogen storage cartridge by calorie, the internal pressure and the external pressure of the hydrogen storage cartridge A hydrogen storage device having a mechanism for controlling a pressure difference.

[0013] (4) In the above (1), (2), (3), a hydrogen storage device characterized in that a plurality of the hydrogen storage cartridges are provided.

(5) A hydrogen storage method in which hydrogen is stored in a hydrogen storage cartridge filled with a hydrogen storage material capable of storing hydrogen by pressure, wherein the hydrogen is stored in a pressure resistant container capable of withstanding the hydrogen filling pressure. Store the storage cartridge, introduce hydrogen into the hydrogen storage cartridge, apply pressure, and control the pressure so that the pressure difference between the internal pressure and external pressure of the hydrogen storage cartridge does not exceed the design pressure of the hydrogen storage cartridge A hydrogen storage method, wherein the hydrogen storage material in the hydrogen storage cartridge stores hydrogen.

(6) A hydrogen storage method in which hydrogen is stored in a hydrogen storage cartridge filled with a hydrogen storage material capable of storing hydrogen by pressure and heating, which can withstand the hydrogen charging pressure and is heated to the outside. The hydrogen storage cartridge is housed in a pressure and heat resistant container having a device, and hydrogen is introduced into the hydrogen storage cartridge while applying pressure to the hydrogen storage cartridge while heating the pressure, and the pressure difference between the internal pressure and the external pressure of the hydrogen storage cartridge However, the hydrogen storage method is characterized in that hydrogen is stored in the hydrogen storage material in the hydrogen storage cartridge while controlling the pressure so as not to exceed the design pressure of the hydrogen storage cartridge.

(7) Hydrogen storage filled with a hydrogen storage material capable of storing hydrogen by pressure and heating. A hydrogen storage method for storing hydrogen in a storage cartridge, wherein the hydrogen storage cartridge is housed in a pressure and heat resistant container capable of withstanding a hydrogen filling pressure and a hydrogen filling temperature, and a heat transfer site provided in the pressure and heat resistant container While the hydrogen storage material filled in the hydrogen storage cartridge is heated by introducing hydrogen into the hydrogen storage cartridge and applying pressure, the pressure difference between the internal pressure and the external pressure of the hydrogen storage cartridge is A hydrogen storage method comprising storing hydrogen in a hydrogen storage material in a hydrogen storage cartridge while controlling the pressure so as not to exceed a design pressure of the cartridge.

(8) In the above (5), (6), and (7), the pressure is adjusted so that the pressure difference between the internal pressure and the external pressure of the hydrogen storage cartridge is within 80% of the design pressure of the hydrogen storage cartridge. A hydrogen storage method, wherein hydrogen is stored in the hydrogen storage material in the hydrogen storage cartridge while being controlled.

[0018] (9) In the above (5), (6), and (7), the hydrogen storage cartridge is characterized in that the design pressure of the hydrogen storage cartridge is 0.1 MPa or more and less than IMPa.

The invention's effect

[0019] According to the present invention, the weight of the hydrogen storage cartridge filled with the hydrogen storage material can be significantly reduced, so that the hydrogen weight density per weight of the hydrogen storage cartridge can be maintained high. In addition, the lightweight storage of the hydrogen storage cartridge makes it easier to transport and greatly reduces the energy and cost of transport per unit weight.

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In the embodiments described below, an example including a heating device is shown.

[0021] (Embodiment 1)

The main structure of the hydrogen storage device according to the present invention shown in FIG.

It consists of a pressure-resistant and heat-resistant container 2, a hydrogen introduction pipe 3, a pressure controller 4, a heating device 5, and a temperature controller 6. The system is simple.

[0022] First, the hydrogen storage cartridge 1 is a cartridge with a low design pressure, and can be reduced in weight by thinning the material. A hydrogen introduction side connector 8 and a hydrogen release side connector 9 are incorporated in the lid portion 7. These connectors are designed to allow hydrogen to flow in only one direction. It does not open unless a pressure of 80% or more of the design pressure of the hydrogen storage cartridge 1 is applied. When filling the hydrogen storage material, open the lid 7 and fill it. The hydrogen storage cartridge 1 filled with the hydrogen storage material is housed inside the pressure-resistant and heat-resistant container 2 and is fixed with tension by a screw method or the like.

[0023] The pressure-resistant and heat-resistant container 2 has a structure capable of withstanding the pressure and temperature during hydrogen storage. In addition, an external pressure gas introduction connector 10 is installed. This connector has no direction for gas flow. A thermometer 11 for measuring the temperature of the hydrogen storage cartridge 1 is attached.

[0024] After the hydrogen storage cartridge 1 and the pressure and heat resistant container 2 are connected, the hydrogen introduction pipe 3 is connected to each connector. Hydrogen is gradually introduced through the inlet connector 8 while being adjusted to a predetermined pressure by the pressure control valve 12. The pressure is measured with a pressure gauge 13. The pipe for introducing hydrogen into the inside of the hydrogen storage cartridge 1 and the pipe for introducing hydrogen into the outside, that is, the gap between the hydrogen storage cartridge 1 and the pressure-resistant and heat-resistant container 2, are connected, and the internal pressure and the external pressure of the hydrogen storage cartridge 1 are connected. No pressure difference is generated.

A heating device 5 such as a heater is installed outside the pressure and heat resistant container 2. The measured value at the thermometer 11 is transmitted to the temperature controller 6 and controlled to reach a predetermined temperature. Thereby, the hydrogen storage material can be smoothly filled by controlling the internal hydrogen storage material at a suitable temperature.

[0026] After the storage of hydrogen in the hydrogen storage material inside the hydrogen storage cartridge 1 is completed at a predetermined temperature and pressure, the pressure is gradually reduced by the pressure control valve 12, and the temperature is further reduced to normal pressure and room temperature. And In this case, the overpressure hydrogen in the hydrogen storage cartridge 1 is released from the discharge side connector 9.

[Embodiment 2]

The main structure of the hydrogen storage device according to the present invention shown in FIG. 2 is as follows: hydrogen storage cartridge 1, pressure-resistant and heat-resistant container 2, hydrogen introduction pipe 3, external pressure gas introduction pipe 14, pressure controller 4, heating device 5 The system consists of a temperature controller 6 and a pipe for introducing hydrogen into the inside of the hydrogen storage cartridge 1 and a pipe for introducing gas into the gap between the hydrogen storage cartridge 1 and the pressure-resistant and heat-resistant container 2 separately. This is the case. [0028] The hydrogen storage cartridge 1 is a cartridge with a low design pressure, and can be reduced in weight by thinning the material. A connector 19 including a valve for opening and closing is installed on the lid portion 7. The valve is normally closed and is opened when hydrogen is stored or released. This connector has no directionality. An internal pressure gauge 15 for measuring the pressure inside the hydrogen storage cartridge 1 is installed. A safety valve 20 is installed in the pipe connected to the internal pressure gauge 15. The safety valve 20 will not open unless a pressure of 80% or more of the design pressure of the hydrogen storage cartridge 1 is applied. When the pressure is increased, the valve is completely closed by the outer valve. When filling the hydrogen storage material, open the lid 7 and fill it. The hydrogen storage cartridge 1 filled with the hydrogen storage material is housed inside the pressure-resistant and heat-resistant container 2, and is fixed by tension using a screw method or the like.

[0029] The pressure-resistant and heat-resistant container 2 has a structure that can withstand the pressure and temperature during hydrogen storage. In addition, an external pressure gas introduction connector 10 and an external pressure gauge 16 for measuring the external pressure of the hydrogen storage cartridge 1 are installed. This connector does not have directionality for gas in and out. A thermometer 11 for measuring the temperature of the hydrogen storage cartridge 1 is attached.

After the hydrogen storage cartridge 1 and the pressure and heat resistant container 2 are connected, a hydrogen introduction pipe 3 equipped with an internal pressure control valve 17 is connected to the valve connector 19. On the other hand, an external pressure gas introduction pipe 14 provided with an external pressure control valve 18 is connected to the external pressure gas introduction connector 10. Hydrogen for storage is introduced from the valve connector 19 and gas is introduced from the external pressure gas introduction pipe 14.At this time, the internal pressure and the external pressure are detected by the internal pressure gauge 15 and the external pressure gauge 16. The pressure difference is controlled so as not to become larger than the design pressure of the hydrogen storage cartridge 1. The gas for introducing the external pressure is not particularly limited, but nitrogen, argon or air is used.

[0032] After the storage of hydrogen in the hydrogen storage material in the hydrogen storage cartridge 1 is completed at a predetermined temperature and pressure, the temperature is decreased and a pressure difference between the internal pressure and the external pressure is not generated. Gradually reduce pressure.

[0033] (Embodiment 3)

In the above embodiment, the number of hydrogen storage cartridges housed in the pressure and heat resistant container is one, but a plurality of hydrogen storage cartridges may be used. Fig. 3 shows a hydrogen storage device that can accommodate seven hydrogen storage cartridges. Fig. 3a is a plan view showing the arrangement of the hydrogen storage cartridge in a pressure-resistant and heat-resistant container, and Fig. 3b is a hydrogen storage device. It is a schematic diagram which shows the structure of these.

[0034] In this embodiment, the hydrogen storage cartridge housed in the pressure-resistant heat-resistant container in Embodiment 1 is made into a single force. Seven valve connectors 19 are built in the upper part of the lid 7 so that they can be connected to the hydrogen introduction pipe 3. Noreb connector 19 has no direction in the gas flow. A pressure gauge 21 for confirming the pressure of gas introduced into each hydrogen storage cartridge 31 is installed in the vicinity of the connection portion of the hydrogen introduction pipe 3 with the valve connector 19. In addition, a safety valve 20 is installed in the hydrogen introduction pipe 3 in case the pressure of the introduced hydrogen gas increases abnormally.

[0035] Seven pressure-resistant and heat-resistant container-side connectors 22 are incorporated in the lower portion of the lid portion 7, and can be connected to a hydrogen storage cartridge 31 having a cartridge-side connector 23. These connectors preferably have a mechanism for closing the opening when the connection is released. The cartridge side connector 23 is connected to the cartridge lid 25, and a force cartridge container is fixed to the cartridge lid 25 by a screw method or the like and sealed.

[0036] The pressure-resistant and heat-resistant container 2 is provided with an external pressure gas introduction valve connector 26 including a valve for opening and closing. The valve connector 26 has no directionality in the gas flow. A thermometer 11 for measuring the temperature of the hydrogen storage cartridge 31 and an external pressure gauge 16 for confirming the gas pressure in the pressure-resistant heat-resistant container 2 are attached.

[0037] In the hydrogen storage method using this hydrogen storage device, first, a hydrogen storage cartridge 31 filled with a hydrogen storage material is connected to the lid portion 7 via the connector 24, and the lid portion 7 is set to the pressure and heat resistant container 2. After the fixing, the hydrogen introduction pipe 3 is connected to each connector of the valve connector 19 and the external pressure gas introduction valve connector 26. At this time, all valves of the valve connector 19 are closed.

[0038] When these series of operations are performed in the outside air, the pressure-resistant and heat-resistant container has no air. Therefore, it is necessary to remove the air sufficiently by introducing a vacuum or introducing an inert gas. If the design pressure of the hydrogen storage cartridge is less than 0. IMPa, it is desirable to evacuate the hydrogen storage cartridge at the same time. In addition, when the hydrogen storage cartridge is recycled, if the atmosphere in the hydrogen storage cartridge is other than the hydrogen atmosphere or if impure gas is mixed, the inside of the hydrogen storage cartridge is evacuated, It is preferable to prevent other gases from entering when hydrogen is introduced. Even in this case, the pressure difference between the internal pressure of the hydrogen storage cartridge and the internal pressure of the pressure and heat resistant container is adjusted so as not to exceed the design pressure of the hydrogen storage cartridge. In addition, it is preferable to evacuate the hydrogen storage cartridge, the pressure and heat resistant container, and the piping connected to them before introducing hydrogen.

Hydrogen is gradually introduced through the valve connector 19 while being adjusted to a predetermined pressure by the pressure control valve 12. The pressure is measured with a pressure gauge 13. The pipe that introduces hydrogen into the hydrogen storage cartridge 31 and the pipe that introduces hydrogen into the gap between the hydrogen storage cartridge 31 and the pressure-resistant and heat-resistant container 2 are connected to each other. There is no difference. When adjusting the pressure difference between the hydrogen storage cartridge and the pressure and heat resistant container with a pressure controller, hydrogen is introduced only into the hydrogen storage cartridge, and inert gas or the like may be used in the pressure and heat resistant container.ヽヽ.

[0041] After the storage of hydrogen in the hydrogen storage material inside the hydrogen storage cartridge 31 is completed at a predetermined temperature and pressure, the pressure is gradually reduced by the pressure control valve 12, and the temperature is further decreased to normal pressure. Let it be at room temperature. In this case, the overpressure hydrogen in the hydrogen storage cartridge 31 is released from the valve connector 19. At that time, in order to prevent intrusion of air or the like from the outside air into the hydrogen storage cartridge 31, the hydrogen pressure in the hydrogen storage cartridge 31 is set to a positive pressure in the range of normal pressure to the design pressure of the cartridge.

[0042] After that, all the valves of the valve connector 19 are closed to ensure safety. After replacing the gas in vessel 2 with inert gas, disconnect hydrogen introduction pipe 3 from each connector of valve connector 19 and external pressure gas introduction valve connector 26, and remove lid 7 from pressure-resistant and heat-resistant vessel 2. Then, remove the hydrogen storage cartridge 31 from the lid 7.

[0043] By using such a hydrogen storage device, a plurality of light-weight hydrogen storage cartridges can be manufactured in one operation, and the efficiency can be increased.

[0044] (Embodiment 4)

In all of the above embodiments, the heating device is provided outside the pressure and heat resistant container. In this embodiment, the heat transfer site for heating the hydrogen storage material filled in the hydrogen storage cartridge is provided in the pressure and heat resistant container. Is provided. Fig. 4 shows a hydrogen storage device that can store 24 triangular prismatic hydrogen storage cartridges. Fig. 4a is a plan view showing the arrangement of hydrogen storage cartridges in a pressure-resistant and heat-resistant container, and Fig. 4b is Fig. 4a. A-A in FIG. In FIG. 4b, the external configuration of the pressure and heat resistant container is the same as that of Embodiment 3 except that there is no heating device installed outside the pressure and heat resistant container. . Also, a description of the external configuration of the pressure and heat resistant container is omitted.

In the description of this embodiment, a method for heating the hydrogen storage material filled in the hydrogen storage cartridge, which is different from the third embodiment, will be mainly described. The heating method is performed by installing a heat medium pipe 27 around the hydrogen storage cartridge 41 and circulating the heat medium therein.

[0046] Insert the heat transfer medium tube 27 from the bottom of the pressure-resistant and heat-resistant container 2, and turn it back near the top of the hydrogen storage cartridge 41 so that it comes out from the bottom of the pressure-resistant and heat-resistant container 2 again. . Each heat medium pipe 27 is connected by heat exchange fins 28, and a space is formed so that the hydrogen storage capacity cartridge 41 can be accommodated. In addition, in the display of the heat transfer medium tube 27 in FIG. 4a, the display of “參: black circle” indicates that the heat transfer medium flows upward from the bottom of the pressure and heat resistant container 2, and conversely, The indication “◯: White circle” indicates that the heat medium is flowing from the top of the pressure-resistant and heat-resistant container 2 toward the bottom. In this case, only the heat transfer tube 27 in the center in Fig. 4a (indicated by "◎: double circle") uses a double heat transfer tube (the structure is shown in Fig. 4c). Do). The circulation of the heat medium is not shown, but It is performed by a heat medium heating mechanism and a heat medium circulation mechanism installed outside.

[0047] In the hydrogen storage using this hydrogen storage device, the hydrogen storage cartridge 41 filled with the hydrogen storage material is set in the pressure and heat resistant container 2 in the same manner as in Embodiment 3, and the temperature inside the pressure and heat resistant container 2 is set. And while controlling the pressure of hydrogen introduced into the hydrogen storage cartridge 41 and the pressure and heat resistant container 2.

[0048] By using such a hydrogen storage device, a plurality of lightweight hydrogen storage cartridges can be manufactured in a single operation, and the efficiency can be increased. In addition, since the heat transfer site for heating the hydrogen storage material filled in the hydrogen storage capacity cartridge is provided in the pressure-resistant and heat-resistant container, the hydrogen storage conditions of a plurality of hydrogen storage cartridges can be made more uniform. It becomes possible. In addition, by making the hydrogen storage cartridge into a triangular prism shape, it is possible to arrange it in such a way that dead space is not generated as much as possible when it is loaded into devices of various shapes and on the side from which hydrogen is released. There are also advantages.

[0049] In the above embodiment, an example in which all the heating devices are provided has been described. However, for the heating devices, the hydrogen storage material inside the hydrogen storage cartridge needs to be heated when storing the hydrogen. Alternatively, installation is necessary when the hydrogen storage performance is improved by heating, etc., and it is not particularly necessary for hydrogen storage materials that can store hydrogen sufficiently by pressure alone. Along with this, with regard to pressure-resistant and heat-resistant containers that store hydrogen storage cartridges, in the case of hydrogen storage materials that can store hydrogen sufficiently only by pressure, particularly high heat resistance performance is taken into account by taking into account the reaction heat generated during hydrogen storage. You don't have to!

[0050] The hydrogen storage method according to the present invention can be realized by using a hydrogen storage device having the mechanism exemplified above. That is, the hydrogen storage cartridge is housed in a pressure-resistant container that can withstand the hydrogen filling pressure, and hydrogen is introduced into the hydrogen storage cartridge to apply pressure, and the pressure difference between the internal pressure and the external pressure of the hydrogen storage cartridge This is a method of storing hydrogen while controlling the pressure so that the design pressure of the cartridge is not exceeded.

[0051] Further, in the case where there is a force S for heating not only the hydrogen pressure but also the hydrogen storage material in order to occlude hydrogen, or when the hydrogen occlusion performance is improved by heating, an external heating device is further provided. A hydrogen storage cart with a pressure and heat resistant container While the ridge is heated, hydrogen is introduced into the hydrogen storage cartridge to apply pressure, and the pressure difference between the internal pressure and the external pressure of the hydrogen storage cartridge is set so as not to exceed the design pressure of the hydrogen storage cartridge. Storage of hydrogen while controlling.

[0052] Alternatively, a pressure-resistant and heat-resistant container having a heat transfer site is prepared in the pressure-resistant and heat-resistant container, and the hydrogen storage material filled in the hydrogen storage cartridge housed in the container is heated while being stored in the hydrogen storage cartridge. While introducing hydrogen and applying pressure, the pressure difference between the internal pressure and external pressure of the hydrogen storage cartridge stores hydrogen while controlling the pressure so that it does not exceed the design pressure of the hydrogen storage cartridge.

[0053] By using these hydrogen storage methods, the weight of the hydrogen storage cartridge filled with the hydrogen storage material is significantly reduced, and the lightweight storage of the hydrogen storage cartridge facilitates transportation. The energy and cost per unit weight can be greatly reduced.

[0054] Further, in the above hydrogen storage method, it is essential that the pressure difference between the internal pressure and the external pressure of the hydrogen storage cartridge is controlled within a range not exceeding 100% of the design pressure of the hydrogen storage cartridge. It is preferably controlled within 80%. If it exceeds 100%, the hydrogen storage cartridge may be damaged, and if it exceeds 80% of the design pressure, hydrogen such as a safety valve will be released to the outside, which is not preferable for safety.

[0055] In the hydrogen storage method described above, the design pressure of the hydrogen storage cartridge to be used is preferably 0. IMPa or more and less than IMPa. If the design pressure is less than IMPa, the choices of materials that can be used as the material for the hydrogen storage cartridge are widened, the degree of light weight is increased, and the effect of the hydrogen storage method of the present invention can be sufficiently obtained. . The lower limit of the design pressure is atmospheric pressure. 0. IMPa is the lower limit.

Example 1

[0056] In order to verify the hydrogen storage device of the present invention, a small-scale test device was produced and examined. As a hydrogen storage cartridge, a container with a capacity of 1 L, a weight of 1.8 kg (including the lid), and a design pressure of 0.3 MPa was used. This container was filled with 500 g of an alkali metal aluminum hydride hydrogen storage material. As the pressure and heat-resistant container, use a container with a normal pressure resistance of 10 MPa and heat resistance of 200 ° C, and the hydrogen storage conditions are 170 ° C and 9 MPa for 2 hours. . Occlude hydrogen by controlling it to be within 2MPa. It was. Thereafter, the pressure and temperature were lowered to normal temperature and pressure. As a result, the hydrogen storage amount was 24 g (4.8% by mass per storage material).

[0057] On the other hand, when the container is not a double structure as in the present invention, considering the current hydrogen storage conditions, when a pressure-resistant heat-resistant container with a capacity of 1L is produced, the design pressure is 10 MPa and the heat resistance is 200 ° C. Therefore, the weight of the hydrogen storage container is 7. Okg. The hydrogen storage cartridge (including the lid) according to this example can be reduced in weight by about a quarter compared to this hydrogen storage container.

Brief Description of Drawings

FIG. 1 is an example (simple system) of a configuration of a hydrogen storage device according to the present invention. (Embodiment 1)

FIG. 2 is another example of the configuration of the hydrogen storage device according to the present invention. (Embodiment 2)

FIG. 3a is a plan view showing the arrangement of a hydrogen storage cartridge in a pressure and heat resistant container in Embodiment 3.

FIG. 3b is a schematic diagram showing a configuration of a hydrogen storage device in Embodiment 3.

FIG. 4 a is a plan view showing the arrangement of hydrogen storage cartridges in a pressure and heat resistant container in Embodiment 4.

FIG. 4b is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA ′ in FIG. 4a in the fourth embodiment.

FIG. 4c is a view showing the structure of the heat medium pipe at the center in FIG. 4a in Embodiment 4. Explanation of symbols

[0059] 1, 31, 41; Hydrogen storage cartridge

2; Pressure and heat resistant container

3; Pipe for introducing hydrogen

4; Pressure controller

5; Heating device

6; Temperature controller

7; Lid

8; Conductor side connector

9; discharge connector 10 Connector for introducing external pressure gas

11 Thermometer

12 Pressure control valve

13 21; Pressure gauge

14 Piping for introducing external pressure gas

15 Internal pressure gauge

16 External pressure gauge

17 Internal pressure control valve

18 External pressure control valve

19 Valve connector

0 Safety valve

2 Pressure and heat resistant container side connector 3 Cartridge side connector

4 Connector

5 Cartridge cover

6 Valve connector for introducing external pressure gas 7

8 Heat exchange fin

Claims

The scope of the claims

[1] A hydrogen storage device for storing hydrogen in a hydrogen storage cartridge filled with a hydrogen storage material capable of storing hydrogen by pressure,

A pressure vessel capable of withstanding the hydrogen filling pressure; the hydrogen storage cartridge stored in the pressure vessel; a pipe for introducing hydrogen into the hydrogen storage cartridge; and a gap between the pressure vessel and the hydrogen storage cartridge. And a pipe for introducing a gas, and a mechanism for controlling a pressure difference between an internal pressure and an external pressure of the hydrogen storage cartridge.

[2] A hydrogen storage device that stores hydrogen in a hydrogen storage capacity cartridge filled with a hydrogen storage material capable of storing hydrogen by pressure and heating.

A pressure- and heat-resistant container that can withstand the hydrogen filling pressure and has an external heating device; the hydrogen storage cartridge housed in the pressure- and heat-resistant container; a pipe for introducing hydrogen into the hydrogen storage cartridge; A hydrogen storage device comprising: a container and a pipe for introducing a gas into a gap between the hydrogen storage cartridge; and a mechanism for controlling a pressure difference between an internal pressure and an external pressure of the hydrogen storage cartridge.

[3] A hydrogen storage device that stores hydrogen in a hydrogen storage capacity cartridge filled with a hydrogen storage material capable of storing hydrogen by pressure and heating.

A pressure and heat resistant container capable of withstanding a hydrogen filling pressure and a hydrogen filling temperature; the hydrogen storage cartridge housed in the pressure and heat resistant container; a pipe for introducing hydrogen into the hydrogen storage cartridge; the pressure and heat resistant container; A pipe for introducing a gas into the gap of the hydrogen storage cartridge; and a heat transfer portion provided in the pressure-resistant heat-resistant container and capable of heating the hydrogen storage material filled in the hydrogen storage cartridge. A hydrogen storage device comprising a mechanism for controlling a pressure difference between an internal pressure and an external pressure of the hydrogen storage cartridge.

[4] The hydrogen storage device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a plurality of the hydrogen storage cartridges are provided.

[5] A hydrogen storage method for storing hydrogen in a hydrogen storage cartridge filled with a hydrogen storage material capable of storing hydrogen by pressure, The hydrogen storage cartridge is housed in a pressure-resistant container that can withstand the hydrogen filling pressure, hydrogen is introduced into the hydrogen storage cartridge and pressure is applied, and the pressure difference between the internal pressure and the external pressure of the hydrogen storage cartridge is Do not exceed the cartridge design pressure! / Hydrogen storage method characterized in that hydrogen is stored in the hydrogen storage material in the hydrogen storage cartridge while controlling the pressure.

[6] A hydrogen storage method in which hydrogen is stored in a hydrogen storage material filled with a hydrogen storage material capable of storing hydrogen by pressure and heating.

The hydrogen storage cartridge is housed in a pressure and heat-resistant container that can withstand the hydrogen filling pressure and has an external heating device, and hydrogen is introduced into the hydrogen storage cartridge while applying pressure to the hydrogen storage cartridge while heating the hydrogen storage cartridge. And storing hydrogen in the hydrogen storage material in the hydrogen storage cartridge while controlling the pressure so that the pressure difference between the internal pressure and the external pressure of the hydrogen storage cartridge does not exceed the design pressure of the hydrogen storage cartridge. Hydrogen storage method.

[7] A hydrogen storage method in which hydrogen is stored in a hydrogen storage material cartridge filled with a hydrogen storage material capable of storing hydrogen by pressure and heating.

The hydrogen storage cartridge is housed in a pressure and heat resistant container that can withstand a hydrogen filling pressure and a hydrogen filling temperature, and the hydrogen storage material filled in the hydrogen storage power cartridge by a heat transfer portion provided in the pressure and heat resistant container. While heating, hydrogen is introduced into the hydrogen storage cartridge to apply pressure, and the pressure is controlled so that the pressure difference between the internal pressure and the external pressure of the hydrogen storage cartridge does not exceed the design pressure of the hydrogen storage cartridge. A hydrogen storage method, wherein the hydrogen storage material in the hydrogen storage cartridge stores hydrogen.

[8] Occlusion of hydrogen in the hydrogen storage material in the hydrogen storage cartridge while controlling the pressure so that the pressure difference between the internal pressure and the external pressure of the hydrogen storage cartridge is within 80% of the design pressure of the hydrogen storage cartridge The hydrogen storage method according to any one of claims 5 to 7, wherein:

[9] The hydrogen storage method according to any one of claims 5 to 7, wherein a design pressure of the hydrogen storage cartridge is not less than 0.1 IMPa and less than IMPa.