WO2006079336A1 - Procede et dispositif de traitement de surfaces d'objets au moyen d'une matiere fondue electroconductrice deplacee ou detachee au moyen d'un champ haute frequence - Google Patents

Procede et dispositif de traitement de surfaces d'objets au moyen d'une matiere fondue electroconductrice deplacee ou detachee au moyen d'un champ haute frequence Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2006079336A1
WO2006079336A1 PCT/DE2006/000188 DE2006000188W WO2006079336A1 WO 2006079336 A1 WO2006079336 A1 WO 2006079336A1 DE 2006000188 W DE2006000188 W DE 2006000188W WO 2006079336 A1 WO2006079336 A1 WO 2006079336A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
melt
object surface
radiation
frequency
field
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/DE2006/000188
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Jürgen KNORR
Wolfgang Lippmann
Anne-Maria Reinecke
Regine Wolf
Roland Rasper
Original Assignee
Technische Universität Dresden
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Technische Universität Dresden filed Critical Technische Universität Dresden
Publication of WO2006079336A1 publication Critical patent/WO2006079336A1/fr

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K15/00—Electron-beam welding or cutting
    • B23K15/08—Removing material, e.g. by cutting, by hole drilling
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/14—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring using a fluid stream, e.g. a jet of gas, in conjunction with the laser beam; Nozzles therefor
    • B23K26/1423—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring using a fluid stream, e.g. a jet of gas, in conjunction with the laser beam; Nozzles therefor the flow carrying an electric current
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/16—Removal of by-products, e.g. particles or vapours produced during treatment of a workpiece
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/36—Removing material
    • B23K26/40—Removing material taking account of the properties of the material involved
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K2101/00—Articles made by soldering, welding or cutting
    • B23K2101/34—Coated articles, e.g. plated or painted; Surface treated articles
    • B23K2101/35—Surface treated articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
    • B23K2103/50—Inorganic material, e.g. metals, not provided for in B23K2103/02 – B23K2103/26
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
    • B23K2103/50—Inorganic material, e.g. metals, not provided for in B23K2103/02 – B23K2103/26
    • B23K2103/52—Ceramics

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method and a device for processing object surfaces by means of a radiation, which is directed to the object surface to be processed, and there generates a melt in an area of action.
  • the method can be used for processing, in particular for the decontamination of objects with electrically conductive surfaces, for the decontamination of objects with non-electrically conductive surfaces, for the production of very pure material compositions and for the production of precisely defined material portions.
  • a generic device is described in the publication GB 2 264 887 A.
  • the device includes a laser whose laser beam is intended for processing material.
  • the machining refers to cutting and drilling materials. Due to the interaction of a permanent or pulsed magnetic field with a melt through which a current flows, a force-a Lorentz force-is generated which acts on the melt, whereby the melt can detach from the object surface and be displaced from the dissolution point to another location ,
  • the material must be electrically conductive so that a relatively high current can flow through the material in order to generate the Lorentz force with the current flowing through the material and the magnetic field perpendicular thereto. which can then move and transport the melt out of the surface area to be processed. Only by the use of electricity within the material, a shift in the surface melt can be achieved, but this represents a high energy consumption.
  • a method for processing a workpiece with a laser beam and an associated device are known in the printing DE 197 32 008 Al described.
  • a moving through the workpiece melt is generated by means of a focused laser beam. With a given relative movement between the laser beam and the workpiece, the melt gets into flow.
  • a magnet is provided which generates a magnetic field in the area of the melt. The magnetic field is directed to exert a force on the melt that acts toward the melt base. By an electric current, which is passed through the melt, the effect of the magnetic field can be amplified and modified.
  • One problem is that the use of the magnetic field is ultimately aligned with the fate of the melt in the region of the workpiece. Gaps in the workpiece with the melt produced are created and closed. Also, the entire workpiece is involved in the magnetic field.
  • Machining of the surface areas with removal of the melt away from the surface preferably for decontamination of surfaces with removal of the contaminated surface areas, is not provided for in the above two methods and devices.
  • a process for treating radionuclide contaminated surfaces of equipment is described in document RU 2 120 677.
  • the method includes coating the contaminated surface with a Final material, wherein the method is performed by treating the surface with an intense heat treatment using a laser radiation.
  • the sealing material is melted and a glass-hard coating is formed on top of the surface by the thermal radiation.
  • the radionuclides remain within the formed coating, concrete and metal surfaces can be treated by the process.
  • the process is carried out by means of the laser radiation on the surfaces treated with pulsed power, wherein an energy density is present on the processing object surface for evaporation of the refractable bonds of the material with removal of the evaporation products from the processing object surface by means of a gas flow.
  • a method and a device for cleaning metal surfaces by means of pulsed laser radiation having two different wavelengths is described in the document EP 1 340 556 A2.
  • a base frequency and a harmonic frequency of a: laser beam in the order of 1 to 40 ns in simultaneous or spatial superposition of pulse trains and different energy intensity variations is used.
  • the process can be used to remove radioactive residues.
  • the metal surface is heated to such an extent that the thermally induced tensions within the surface cause the surface to flake off.
  • the process should also be assigned to the mechanical removal process.
  • One problem is that even in this case difficult to control radioactive dusts arise.
  • the invention is based on the object of specifying a method and a device for processing object surfaces which are designed so that a free Settlement of uncontrollable. Dust in particular radioactive substances is substantially reduced and a final disposal can be ensured inexpensively. In addition, holes, cracks, depressions or other defects in the object surfaces should be eliminated.
  • the melt on the object surface can be shaped by the high-frequency field surrounding and detecting the melt to at least one melt drop detachable from the object surface and / or movable on the object surface.
  • the melt and in particular the melt drops, can be transported, displaced or spun to designated locations for eliminating defects and / or for geometrically changing the object surfaces on the object surface.
  • the melt on the object surface can also be lifted by the high-frequency field surrounding and detecting the melt and formed into at least one melt droplet dissolving from the object surface, which can be moved.
  • D ⁇ e field strength and the frequency of the high frequency field in the form of an alternating electromagnetic field can be adapted to the size and volume of the melt to be transported and / or melt drops.
  • the high frequency coil can be assisted in moving, shifting, centrifuging the melt and the melting droplets of at least one switchable stationary electromagnetic field, wherein a guideway and a final position by the predetermined stationary electromagnetic field or other predetermined electromagnetic fields can be adjusted.
  • the alignment of the stationary electromagnetic field with the associated predetermined magnetic flux density can be adjusted when the melt drops are thrown to the object surface with a specific inclination to the given guide track, the melt drips.
  • the effective range of the radiation, the radio-frequency field and optionally the stationary electromagnetic field can be formed to form a stream of liquid droplets arranged in juxtaposition and moved as a unit relative to the object surface to be processed.
  • a removal of a surface layer, a smoothing of the surface and / or a removal of defects, on or in the object surface can be performed.
  • object surfaces the surfaces of pure metal, alloys, metals with ni ⁇ htmetallis ⁇ ben shares and metals with coatings and surface layers, the z .B. surfaces contaminated and associated with radioactive material, but also the surfaces of other objects and materials, eg. Concrete, glass or semiconductor structures, are determined, wherein the object surface to be machined associated melt is or is brought into a state of a predetermined range of the electrical conductivity or in a state of a predetermined electrical conductivity value.
  • the melt is electrically conductive and at least above the region of the melt a high-frequency coil surrounding the area of action of the radiation and detecting the melt, the radio-frequency coil having: a high-frequency field, which exerts a coalescing force on the melt, whereby the melt is detachable from the object surface and / or movable on the object surface.
  • the high-frequency field can have a dimensioning, in particular with respect to field strength and frequency, that at least one separate melting droplet detaching from the object surface is formed.
  • the radio-frequency coil can be surrounded by at least one electromagnetic coil to form a supporting stationary electromagnetic field, wherein the melt or the melt droplets are in detachable connection with the stationary electromagnetic field.
  • the energy radiation can be generated by means of a laser, wherein a laser beam is directed onto the object surface, on which absorption of the radiation generates the electrically conductive melt.
  • the laser may be an Nd: YAG laser or a CQ2 laser or a diode laser.
  • the high frequency field may have a frequency of the order of about 1.0 MHz.
  • the electromagnetic coil can be arranged laterally inclined, wherein the melt or the melt droplets can be thrown out of the area of action of the radiation guided individually or similar to a liquid jet and can be taken up and disposed of in assigned containers.
  • the invention opens up the possibility that a contact-free transport of the melt of. the solid object surface can be carried away or on the object surface, including surfaces of concrete and glass and semiconductor structures are included.
  • an electrically conductive melt is generated in one working step by high-energy radiation, which can then be moved without contact, displaced or removed from the starting point.
  • the invention also makes it possible for both a radioactive object surface to be able to be removed in a technological working method and for the waste product to be conditioned in such a way that it is largely suitable for disposal.
  • the local melting of the object surface may be effected by means of laser radiation or other energy input processes, e.g. by means of electron beams or inductive heating.
  • the removal and treatment of the melt from an object surface takes place in the following steps:
  • melt is thereby pulled together and can be moved or accelerated as melt droplets or similar to a liquid jet in a defined direction.
  • the defined direction may be assisted by the stationary electromagnetic field and may also refer to a different location on the object surface, for example to defects to be eliminated, or to a container or space remote from the object surface for disposal of the melt.
  • the surface of the object can be protected from oxidation by means of inert gas or inert gas or vacuum.
  • the other advantages of the invention are no dust, in particular of radi oaktive dusts, a high removal rate with low attenuation of radioactive substances, a final end product endowed and a good automation.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic representation of the inventive device by means of a radiation which is generated by a laser in the form of a laser beam, and by means of a high-frequency coil,
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematic representation of the final ablation of a melting drop from the range of magnetic fields in the multiphase system-suction formation, drop formation, centrifuging-
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic representation of the melt suction through the high-frequency coil in the high-frequency field according to FIG. 3
  • FIG. Fig. 5 is a schematic representation of the outline of a
  • Fig. 6 is a schematic representation of the high frequency field with a superimposed stationary electromagetic field and a guided centrifuging of the melt drop by interaction of both magnetic fields.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic representation of a device 1 for processing an object surface 5 in particular for decontamination of the object surface 5 by means of a radiation 4, which is directed to the ablated object surface 5 and there generates a melt 6 in the area of action of the radiation 4.
  • the melt 6 is electrically conductive and, as shown in FIGS. 2 to 5, above the region of the melt 6 at least one radio frequency coil 7 comprising the effective region of the radiation 4 is arranged, the high frequency coil 7 having a high frequency field 8 on the melt 6 exerts a melt suction 9 and at least one separate from the object 2 abläsenden melt drops IQ forms in the tear 13.
  • the high-frequency coil 7 may, as shown in Fig. 6, of. be surrounded at least one electromagnetic coil 11 to form a stationary electromagnetic field 12, wherein the S ⁇ hmelztropfen 10 with the stationary magnetic field 12 in detachable connection.
  • the radiation is generated by means of a laser 3, as shown in FIG. 1, a laser beam 4 being directed onto the object surface 5, and the heat generated on the object surface 5 producing the electrically conductive melt 6.
  • an Nd: YAG laser or a CO 2 laser or a diode laser may be provided.
  • the object surface 5 can be protected from oxidation by means of inert gas or inert gas or vacuum.
  • the high-frequency field 8 preferably has a frequency of approximately 1.0 MHz.
  • the electromagnetic coil 11 can be arranged laterally inclined, not shown in FIG. 6, whereby the melting drops 10 are ejected from the effective region of the radiation 4 individually or as a liquid jet in the repelling direction 14 and can be disposed of by means of an associated container 15.
  • the melt 6 becomes electrically conductive and is deposited on the object surface.
  • Surface 5 raised by a surrounding the melt 6 and detecting high frequency field 6 and formed to at least one of the object surface 5 itself dissolving melt droplets 10, which is lifted from the high frequency field 6 out.
  • the radio-frequency coil 7 can be assisted for guided movement or for ejection of the melt drops 10 from a switchable stationary electromagnetic field 12 in the form of a guideway.
  • the direction of the stationary electromagnetic field 12 with associated magnetic flux density is adjustable to the object surface 5 with a certain inclination to the predetermined discharge / removal of the melt 6 or the melt drops 10.
  • the area of action of the radiation 4, the high-frequency field 8 and the electromagnetic field 12 can be formed from melt drops 10 to form a liquid jet and can be displaced together in the form of a unit on the object surface 5.
  • object 2 pure metal, alloys, metals with non-metallic parts as well as metals with coatings and O- ber laketiken, for example, with radioactive constituents contaminated and connected metal surfaces, set.
  • object surfaces of objects made of concrete, reinforced concrete, glass and semiconductor structures can be processed by the method and the device 1 according to the invention, wherein the melt 6 in each case the state of a predetermined electrical conductivity or a predetermined NEN conductivity value has or transferred to an electrically conductive state.
  • the device 1 according to the invention can be designed as a device that can be used conveniently.
  • the method and the device according to the invention can be used in many areas and are by no means limited to decontamination.
  • Another application example is the production of very pure material compositions, wherein the entire process takes place without contact.
  • the method can serve for the production of precisely defined material portions.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
  • Cleaning In General (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé et un dispositif (1) destiné au traitement de surfaces d'objets (5) à l'aide d'un faisceau (4) qui est dirigé sur la surface (5) de l'objet à traiter et forme dans la zone d'action du faisceau (4) une matière fondue (6). L'objectif de l'invention est de réduire nettement le dégagement de poussières incontrôlables, notamment de substances radioactives, de garantir une évacuation finale économique et d'éliminer les trous, les morsures, les creux et autres défauts des surfaces d'objets (5). A cet effet, la matière fondue (6) est électroconductrice et, sur la surface d'objet (5), elle est détachée de la surface (5) de l'objet et/ou déplacée sur la surface (5) de l'objet par un champ haute fréquence (8) entourant et détectant la matière fondue (6).
PCT/DE2006/000188 2005-01-31 2006-01-30 Procede et dispositif de traitement de surfaces d'objets au moyen d'une matiere fondue electroconductrice deplacee ou detachee au moyen d'un champ haute frequence WO2006079336A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102005005707.1 2005-01-31
DE102005005707A DE102005005707B3 (de) 2005-01-31 2005-01-31 Verfahren und Einrichtung zur Bearbeitung von Objektoberflächen

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2006079336A1 true WO2006079336A1 (fr) 2006-08-03

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PCT/DE2006/000188 WO2006079336A1 (fr) 2005-01-31 2006-01-30 Procede et dispositif de traitement de surfaces d'objets au moyen d'une matiere fondue electroconductrice deplacee ou detachee au moyen d'un champ haute frequence

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DE (1) DE102005005707B3 (fr)
WO (1) WO2006079336A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2612360A (en) * 2021-11-01 2023-05-03 Aquasium Tech Limited Laser welding apparatus

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102008006624B4 (de) * 2008-01-29 2012-10-18 Thyssenkrupp Steel Europe Ag Verfahren zum Fügen beschichteter Stahlsubstrate

Citations (5)

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DE3500750A1 (de) * 1985-01-11 1986-07-17 Hochtief Ag Vorm. Gebr. Helfmann, 4300 Essen Verfahren und anordnung zum abbruch von betonbaukoerpern mit stahleinlagen
GB2264887A (en) * 1992-03-07 1993-09-15 British Aerospace A material processing apparatus
US6444097B1 (en) * 1993-11-09 2002-09-03 British Nuclear Fuels Plc Radioactive decontamination
JP2004188451A (ja) * 2002-12-10 2004-07-08 Sony Corp レーザ加工方法および装置
US20040222196A1 (en) * 2003-03-10 2004-11-11 Gert Callies Device for laser drilling

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FR2673389B1 (fr) * 1991-03-01 1993-06-18 Serres Patrick Procede et dispositif de decontamination d'objets metalliques.
GB9200107D0 (en) * 1992-01-04 1992-02-26 British Nuclear Fuels Plc A method of treating a surface
RU2104846C1 (ru) * 1996-02-21 1998-02-20 Государственное предприятие научно-производственное объединение "Астрофизика" Способ очистки поверхности материалов
DE19732008C2 (de) * 1997-07-25 1999-10-14 Univ Stuttgart Strahlwerkzeuge Verfahren zur Bearbeitung eines Werkstückes mit einem Laserstrahl sowie Vorrichtung zur Durchführung dieses Verfahrens
GR1004453B (el) * 2002-03-01 2004-02-17 Ιδρυμαατεχνολογιασακαιαερευνασα}Ι@Τ@Ε@Bαα Μεθοδοσακαιασυστημααγιαατονακαθαρισμοαεπιφανειωναμεατηασυγχρονηαχρησηαπαλμωναlaserαδυοαδιαφορετικωναμηκωνακυματος

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3500750A1 (de) * 1985-01-11 1986-07-17 Hochtief Ag Vorm. Gebr. Helfmann, 4300 Essen Verfahren und anordnung zum abbruch von betonbaukoerpern mit stahleinlagen
GB2264887A (en) * 1992-03-07 1993-09-15 British Aerospace A material processing apparatus
US6444097B1 (en) * 1993-11-09 2002-09-03 British Nuclear Fuels Plc Radioactive decontamination
JP2004188451A (ja) * 2002-12-10 2004-07-08 Sony Corp レーザ加工方法および装置
US20040222196A1 (en) * 2003-03-10 2004-11-11 Gert Callies Device for laser drilling

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 2003, no. 12 5 December 2003 (2003-12-05) *

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2612360A (en) * 2021-11-01 2023-05-03 Aquasium Tech Limited Laser welding apparatus

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