WO2006072202A1 - Plasmide d'immunotoxine de recombinaison rantes-dt390 ciblant des cellules th1 activees, son procede de production et ses utilisations - Google Patents

Plasmide d'immunotoxine de recombinaison rantes-dt390 ciblant des cellules th1 activees, son procede de production et ses utilisations Download PDF

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WO2006072202A1
WO2006072202A1 PCT/CN2005/002090 CN2005002090W WO2006072202A1 WO 2006072202 A1 WO2006072202 A1 WO 2006072202A1 CN 2005002090 W CN2005002090 W CN 2005002090W WO 2006072202 A1 WO2006072202 A1 WO 2006072202A1
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plasmid
recombinant
cells
immunotoxin
recombinant immunotoxin
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French (fr)
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Lin Zhang
Yi Jia
Hong Li
Wenjie Chen
Mingyuan Li
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Sichuan University
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07KPEPTIDES
    • C07K14/00Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof
    • C07K14/435Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof from animals; from humans
    • C07K14/52Cytokines; Lymphokines; Interferons
    • C07K14/521Chemokines
    • C07K14/523Beta-chemokines, e.g. RANTES, I-309/TCA-3, MIP-1alpha, MIP-1beta/ACT-2/LD78/SCIF, MCP-1/MCAF, MCP-2, MCP-3, LDCF-1, LDCF-2
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K47/00Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient
    • A61K47/50Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer-drug conjugates
    • A61K47/51Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer-drug conjugates the non-active ingredient being a modifying agent
    • A61K47/62Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer-drug conjugates the non-active ingredient being a modifying agent the modifying agent being a protein, peptide or polyamino acid
    • A61K47/64Drug-peptide, drug-protein or drug-polyamino acid conjugates, i.e. the modifying agent being a peptide, protein or polyamino acid which is covalently bonded or complexed to a therapeutically active agent
    • A61K47/642Drug-peptide, drug-protein or drug-polyamino acid conjugates, i.e. the modifying agent being a peptide, protein or polyamino acid which is covalently bonded or complexed to a therapeutically active agent the peptide or protein in the drug conjugate being a cytokine, e.g. IL2, chemokine, growth factors or interferons being the inactive part of the conjugate
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61PSPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P35/00Antineoplastic agents
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61PSPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P37/00Drugs for immunological or allergic disorders
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61PSPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P37/00Drugs for immunological or allergic disorders
    • A61P37/02Immunomodulators
    • A61P37/06Immunosuppressants, e.g. drugs for graft rejection
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07KPEPTIDES
    • C07K2319/00Fusion polypeptide
    • C07K2319/55Fusion polypeptide containing a fusion with a toxin, e.g. diphteria toxin

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of immunotoxins, and in particular, to a novel recombinant immunotoxin plasmid which specifically attacks and kills activated Thl cells and a preparation method thereof. Background technique
  • IT is a hybrid molecule formed by linking a biotoxin to a targeting vector (antibody or cytokine), also known as a biological missile or a directed toxin.
  • a targeting vector antibody or cytokine
  • the earliest immunotoxins ie, first-generation immunotoxins
  • immunotoxins are chemical conjugates of carriers and toxin molecules.
  • These immunotoxins are highly immunogenic, have large molecular weight, poor permeability, and are difficult to form effective concentrations and stability at the target site. It has poor homogeneity, strong toxic side effects, and is difficult to mass produce, thus limiting its application.
  • people have improved their immunotoxins through genetic recombination technology.
  • the targeting vectors have changed from previous monoclonal antibodies to genetically engineered antibodies and some ligands. , does not affect its toxic effects while reducing its molecular weight.
  • the new immunotoxin produced by this new process has strong stability, good permeability, better orientation specificity, and is easy to prepare and can be prepared in a short period of time, which largely compensates for the first generation of immunotoxin. Insufficient stability, short half-life, and strong immunogenicity have greatly promoted the research and application of immunotoxins in related fields.
  • the use of immunotoxins in biomedicine focuses on the targeted treatment of certain malignancies and immune-related human diseases.
  • malignant tumors such as hematological tumors (leukemia, recurrent lymphoma, etc.), melanoma, small cell lung cancer, brain tumors and other diseases
  • the use of immunotoxin therapy has made great progress, and some have entered clinical I. Phase II and III trials.
  • the target of immunotoxins is mainly to target T cell surface antigens or cytokine receptors, such as CD3, CD4, IL-2.
  • the corresponding autoimmune diseases or GvHD conditions have decreased, but the side effects are also significant, and even the clinical treatment is forced to terminate.
  • One of the main causes of toxic side effects is the poor specificity of the targeting molecules selected by such immunotoxins, often leading to the killing of many other unrelated cells.
  • Autoimmune Disease is a type of immune-related disease that produces such diseases.
  • the main reason is that the immune system attacks the autoantigen due to various stimulating factors, causing damage and dysfunction of the tissue.
  • the current treatment measures mainly use a variety of non-specific immunosuppressive agents, but often cause the patient's immune system to be generally inhibited to cause infection, tumor occurrence and myelosuppression, and can not effectively prevent the recurrence of the disease.
  • the present invention overcomes the deficiencies in the prior art by providing a novel recombinant immunotoxin that specifically attacks Thl cells, a polynucleotide encoding the immunotoxin, and a plasmid carrying the polynucleotide, for clinical treatment
  • a novel recombinant immunotoxin that specifically attacks Thl cells
  • a polynucleotide encoding the immunotoxin and a plasmid carrying the polynucleotide
  • the invention provides an isolated polynucleotide encoding a recombinant immunotoxin against activated Thl cells, wherein the recombinant immunotoxin comprises a Rantes polypeptide and a diphtheria toxin active fragment.
  • the diphtheria toxin active fragment in the polynucleotide of the invention is a DT390 fragment.
  • the polynucleotide of the present invention comprises the nucleotide sequence shown by SEQ ED NO: 1.
  • the present invention also provides a recombinant immunotoxin plasmid for activating Thl cells comprising the polynucleotide of the present invention.
  • the recombinant immunotoxin plasmid of the present invention is a eukaryotic plasmid, such as SR a or pSecTag2.
  • the invention also provides a method for the preparation of a recombinant immunotoxin plasmid for activating Thl cells, characterized by comprising the steps of:
  • a recombinant plasmid is constructed in a plasmid vector of the nucleotide sequence of a segment (e.g., DT390 fragment), and the recombinant plasmid is transfected into a suitable host cell (e.g., competent bacteria) for amplification, and then the clone containing the correct insert is selected. ; with
  • the resulting recombinant plasmid is optionally identified, for example, by restriction endonuclease digestion analysis of the recombinant plasmid, or by DNA sequence.
  • the plasmid vector is a eukaryotic plasmid vector, such as SR a or pSecTag2.
  • the present invention provides a recombinant immunotoxin for activating TM cells comprising a Rantes polypeptide and a diphtheria toxin active fragment.
  • the diphtheria toxin active fragment of the recombinant immunotoxin of the invention is a DT390 fragment.
  • the invention still further relates to the use of the above polynucleotide or recombinant immunotoxin plasmid or recombinant immunotoxin for the preparation of a medicament for the treatment or prevention of autoimmune diseases, organ transplant rejection and/or tumors.
  • the present invention also provides a pharmaceutical composition
  • a pharmaceutical composition comprising the above polynucleotide or recombinant immunotoxin plasmid or recombinant immunotoxin of the present invention, and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier or excipient.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the recombinant immunotoxin plasmid (Rantes-DT390 plasmid) for activating TW cells according to the present invention, and the eukaryotic plasmid vector is SR a.
  • Figure 2 is a graph showing the results of inhibition test of protein synthesis of activated T cells by the recombinant immunotoxin plasmid (Rante S- DT390 plasmid) of the present invention.
  • Figure 3 is a graph showing the clinical scores of the recombinant immunotoxin plasmid (Rantes-DT390 plasmid) treated group and the control group of the present invention. In the figure: 3-1 - untreated group, 3-2 - treatment group.
  • Figure 4 is a graph showing the results of cytotoxicity assays on activated T, Thl, Th2 and B cells by the recombinant immunotoxin plasmid (Rantes-DT390 plasmid) of the present invention by flow cytometry.
  • Rantes is a novel cytokine discovered in recent years.
  • activated T cells express multiple receptors, such as cytokines IL-2, IL-12, IL-18 receptors and various chemistries.
  • Receptors for chemokines such as CCR-5 and CXCR-3.
  • the expression of the Rantes receptor is restricted to activated Th1 cells, whereas Th2 cells are not expressed, and the expression of this membrane receptor is stable and sustained (see: Karlsson I, et Al. Journal of Virology, 2004 Nov, 78(21) : 11807-15; Emingil ⁇ 3 ⁇ 4 et al. Journal of Clinical Periodontology. 2004 Oct, 31 (10) :829-34 ) o Therefore, Rantes receptors can be used not only as The recognition of markers of Th1 cells and Th2 cells also provides an ideal target for related immunotherapy.
  • the present invention selects Rantes as a targeting molecule, and uses a diphtheria toxin active fragment as a toxin molecule to construct a recombinant immunotoxin of the present invention which specifically attacks Thl cells and a plasmid encoding the recombinant immunotoxin.
  • the diphtheria toxin active fragment is DT390
  • the recombinant immunotoxin plasmid constructed is a Rante S- DT390 recombinant immunotoxin plasmid.
  • DT390 is the transmembrane domain and enzymatic domain of bacterial toxins, which removes the cell binding domain of DT molecules, thus further reducing non-specific binding and reducing adverse reactions.
  • the recombinant immunotoxin plasmid is transfected into the body to express a recombinant immunotoxin, which specifically attacks and kills activated Th1 cells, induces autoimmune tolerance, and overcomes the inferior specificity of the existing immunotoxin and the need for purification. In order to achieve effective treatment of autoimmune diseases.
  • the recombinant immunotoxin plasmid of the present invention for activating Thl cells comprises the nucleotide sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 1.
  • a plasmid can be constructed by ligating the Rantes cDNA sequence (from the gene bank) and the diphtheria toxin active fragment DT390 cDNA sequence (from the gene bank) and then inserting into a suitable vector. Methods of constructing vectors and techniques for transfecting host cells are known to those skilled in the art, for example, see the Guide to Molecular Cloning. Furthermore, the activity and effect of the immunotoxins and recombinant immunotoxin plasmids of the invention can be tested by any method known in the art.
  • the method for preparing a recombinant immunotoxin plasmid for activating Thl cells comprises the following steps Step:
  • the expression activity of the recombinant immunotoxin plasmid is determined by a protein synthesis inhibition assay.
  • the eukaryotic plasmid vector which can be used to construct the recombinant plasmid is SR a or pSe C Tag2, but other suitable vectors known to those skilled in the art can also be used in the present invention.
  • the immunotoxins and recombinant immunotoxin plasmids of the invention are suitable for use in the treatment or prevention of autoimmune diseases, organ transplant rejection and/or tumors. Since the cytokine Rantes is selected as a targeting molecule, and the Rantes receptor is expressed only on the surface of activated TW cells and is not expressed on the surface of Th2 cells, the Rantes-directed recombinant immunotoxin is only directed against Th1 cells, making the targeting attack more specific and more Effective, reducing the side effects of clinical applications.
  • the toxin molecule of the present invention is a diphtheria toxin active fragment DT390, which is a transmembrane domain and an enzymatic domain of a bacterial toxin, and the cell binding region of the DT molecule is removed, thereby further reducing non-special Heterologous bonding and reducing adverse reactions.
  • the present invention also provides a pharmaceutical composition
  • a pharmaceutical composition comprising the polynucleotide of the present invention or a recombinant immunotoxin plasmid or recombinant immunotoxin, and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier or excipient.
  • the pharmaceutical compositions of the invention may be administered in any suitable manner.
  • an immunotoxin (Rantes-DT390) plasmid can be directly introduced into animal muscle by transfecting a living muscle cell into a plasmid, and the immunotoxin (Rantes-DT390) can be efficiently expressed in skeletal muscle for therapeutic purposes.
  • the immunotoxin of the present invention can be prepared by genetic recombination technology, thereby avoiding the complicated preparation process of the chemically coupled immunotoxin and the disadvantages of being difficult to standardize, making it easier to industrialize.
  • the immunotoxin plasmid of the present invention can also directly transfect cells to express recombinant immunotoxins, thereby eliminating the need to further purify the immunotoxin protein.
  • the immunotoxin Rantes-DT390 of the present invention can be used for the preparation of a medicament for the treatment/and prevention or prevention of autoimmune diseases, and can also be used for transplantation rejection and treatment and/or prevention of certain tumors.
  • Example 1 Preparation of recombinant immunotoxin eukaryotic plasmid
  • the vector was selected from SRa eukaryotic plasmid containing DT390 (provided by PhD. Hu Huaizhong, University of Wisconsin, USA, promega) (Takebe Y, et al. Mol Cell Biol; 1988, 8(1): 466). The specific steps are as follows:
  • the upper aqueous phase (about 400 ⁇ l) was transferred to another 1.5 ml EP tube, an equal volume of isopropanol (about 400 ⁇ l) was added, and the mixture was allowed to stand at room temperature for 10 minutes. 4. C, Centrifuge 12000g, 10 minutes, discard the supernatant. Pre-cooled 75% ethanol (with DEPC water) lml. Centrifuge 7500 g at 4 ° C for 5 minutes, discard the supernatant, and air dry for 5-10 minutes (not completely dry). The dried product is dissolved in DEPC water to 20 ⁇ l (10 l-20 ul) (available in 55-60 ° C water, ⁇ 10 minutes solubilization).
  • the reaction system is as follows: ⁇ ⁇ amplification system, including MgCl 2 (25 mM) 3 ⁇ 1, 5 X reverse transcription buffer 2 ⁇ 1, dNTP mixture (10 mM) 1 ⁇ 1, RNase inhibitor 0.25 ⁇ l, oligo (dT) 15 (0.5 ii g/n 1) ⁇ , M-MLV reverse transcriptase 1 ⁇ l, total ⁇ , de-RNase ddH 2 02.55 ⁇ 1 .
  • the reaction conditions were as follows: 30 ° C for 10 min, 42 ° C for 30 min, 99 V for 5 min, and 5 ° C for 5 min. The reacted product was stored at 4 ° C until use.
  • the amplified product was analyzed by 2% agarose gel electrophoresis.
  • the reaction system is shown in Table 2. The entire reaction was carried out in a PCR apparatus at 16 ° C overnight. A control tube with no insert and no vector should be set up for the ligation reaction.
  • the amplified polynucleotide encoding the Rantes polypeptide is inserted into the SR a eukaryotic plasmid containing the polynucleotide encoding the DT390 fragment, and the polynucleotide encoding the Rantes polypeptide and the polynucleotide encoding the DT390 fragment are cleaved by the Ncol enzyme.
  • the ligation was performed and the recombinant plasmid was constructed by ligating the SR ⁇ eukaryotic plasmid with the EcoR I restriction site (see Figure 1 for the results).
  • Table 2 Reaction system
  • the ligation products were separately transformed into competent cells of Escherichia coli JM109.
  • the transformation method of the ligation product is carried out according to the Guide to Molecular Cloning, and the main steps are as follows:
  • NIH3T3 cells purchased from Invitrogen
  • the eukaryotic cell NIH-3T3 is transfected with the SR a empty plasmid and the Rantes-DT390 SR a plasmid, respectively.
  • the specific operation is according to Qiagen liposome transfection kit. The instructions in (Qiagen) are carried out; (3) Cells were harvested 72 h after plasmid transfection. The denatured protein marker and the transfected cell lysis supernatant were subjected to SDS-PAGE electrophoresis in 5% concentrated gel and 10% separating gel;
  • the culture medium is a leucine-free DMEM medium
  • the above transfection supernatants are respectively 1/2, 1/4, 1/8, 1/20, Add 1/50 diluted concentration, 50 ⁇ 1/well, set up three duplicate wells at each concentration;
  • the spleen of the mouse was taken on an aseptic workstation, and a spleen cell suspension was prepared using RPMI1640 medium, and mixed with conA (10 ⁇ g/ml);
  • Example 3 The initial therapeutic effect of recombinant immunotoxin Rantes-DT390 eukaryotic plasmid on animal model of autoimmune disease EAE (Experimental Allergic Encephalomyelitis)
  • FCA Frucford's complete adjuvant
  • Each mouse in the control group was intraperitoneally injected with 0.2 ml of a mixture of B. pertussis liquid and PBS (containing 6 -day B. pertussis 0.6-lS x 10 6 ).
  • Treatment time 2 times on the first day and the third day after immunization of mice with MBP;
  • Rantes-DT390 recombinant plasmid coated with cationic liposome was used to test the thigh muscle injection of the test mice;
  • Therapeutic dose 50 g / only.

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Description

针对活化 Thl细胞的重组免疫毒素 Rantes-DT390的质粒及制备方法与应用 技术领域
本发明涉及免疫毒素领域,具体而言,本发明提供了一种特异攻击并杀伤活化的 Thl 细胞的新型重组免疫毒素质粒及其制备方法。 背景技术
' 免疫毒素(Immunotoxin, IT)是将生物毒素与导向载体(抗体或细胞因子)连接起 来构成的杂合分子, 又称生物导弹或导向毒素。 最早的免疫毒素(即第一代免疫毒素) 是载体与毒素分子的化学偶联物, 这类免疫毒素免疫原性强、 分子量大、 渗透性差、 在 靶部位很难形成有效的浓度、 稳定性及均一性较差, 毒副作用较强, 难以大规模生产, 从而限制了其应用。 随着现代生命科学的不断发展, 近年来人们通过基因重组技术对免 疫毒素进行了改进,导向载体已由以前的单克隆抗体变成了基因工程抗体和一些配体等, 生物毒素的品种更加多样, 在不影响其毒性作用的同时减小了其分子量大小。 这种新工 艺产生的新型免疫毒素稳定性强、 渗透性好、 具有更好的导向特异性、 且制备时简单易 行、 可短期内大量制备, 在很大程度上弥补了第一代免疫毒素稳定性差、 半衰期短、 免 疫原性强等不足, 极大地推动了免疫毒素在相关领域的研究和应用。
有关免疫毒素在生物医学中的应用, 主要集中于对某些恶性肿瘤及与免疫相关的人 类疾病的导向治疗。在恶性肿瘤的研究中,如血液系统肿瘤(白血病、复发性淋巴瘤等)、 黑色素瘤、 小细胞肺癌、 脑瘤等疾病, 利用免疫毒素治疗已取得了很大的进展, 有些已 经进入临床 I、 II、 III期试验。而在与免疫相关的人类疾病的导向治疗中, 免疫毒素的作 用靶点主要是选择针对 T细胞表面抗原或细胞因子受体, 如 CD3、 CD4、 IL-2等。 在接 受这些免疫毒素的治疗后, 相应的自身免疫性疾病或 GvHD病情虽有减退, 但毒副作用 也较显著, 甚至使临床治疗被迫终止。 产生毒副作用的主要原因之一是由于这类免疫毒 素所选择的导向分子特异性欠佳, 往往导致杀伤许多其他无关细胞。
自身免疫性疾病 (Autoimmune Disease) 是一类免疫相关的疾病, 产生这类疾病的 主要原因是由于各种刺激因素导致免疫系统对自身抗原发起攻击, 造成自身组织损伤和 功能障碍。 目前的治疗措施主要是采用各种非特异的免疫抑制剂, 但往往使患者免疫系 统受到普遍性抑制而导致感染、 肿瘤的发生及骨髓抑制等, 且不能有效地防止疾病的复 发。 这促使相关领域的研究者从免疫治疗的角度, 寻求一种特异、 安全、 有效的治疗方 法: 如 MHC阻断法、 CD4分子阻断法、 TCR阻断法、 细胞因子治疗、 T细胞接种以及口 服抗原诱导耐受等等, 但这些方法或因特异性不高、 疗效不稳定, 或因技术难度大、 难 以克服的毒副作用等而不能顺利地过渡到临床 (见: Waldor MK, et al. Science. 1985, 227: 415; Chen Y, et al. Nature.1995, 376: 177; Weiner HL, Immunology Today. 1997, 18: 355; Holiday SD, et al. Environmental Health Perspectives. 108 Suppl 3:463-73, 2000 Jun; Palmisano GL, et al. Clinical & Experimental Immunology. 135 (2) :259-66, 2004 Feb), 因 而自身免疫性疾病的治疗至今仍然是困扰临床的一大难题。 发明内容
通过提供一种新型的特异性攻击 Thl细胞的重组免疫毒素、编码所述免疫毒素的多 核苷酸以及携带所述多核苷酸的质粒, 本发明克服了现有技术中存在的不足, 为临床治 疗自身免疫性疾病提供一种新方案, 为重组免疫毒素的应用开辟一条新途径。
因此, 本发明提供了一种分离的多核苷酸, 其编码针对活化 Thl细胞的重组免疫毒 素, 其中所述重组免疫毒素包含 Rantes多肽和白喉毒素活性片段。
优选地,本发明的多核苷酸中的所述白喉毒素活性片段是 DT390片段。在一个具体 的实施方式中, 本发明的多核苷酸包含 SEQ ED NO:l所示的核苷酸序列。
本发明还提供了一种针对活化 Thl细胞的重组免疫毒素质粒,其包含本发明的多核 苷酸。
优选地, 本发明的重组免疫毒素质粒是一种真核质粒, 所述真核质粒例如是 SR a 或 pSecTag2。
本发明也提供了用于制备针对活化 Thl细胞的重组免疫毒素质粒的方法,其特征在 于依次包括以下步骤:
( 1 ) 通过 RT-PCR反应扩增编码 Rantes多肽的核苷酸序列;
(2) 将上述扩增的编码 Rantes多肽的核苷酸序列插入到含有编码白喉毒素活性片 段 (例如 DT390片段) 的核苷酸序列的质粒载体中构建重组质粒, 再将重组质粒转染至 合适的宿主细胞 (例如感受态细菌) 中进行扩增, 然后筛选出含有正确插入体的克隆; 和
(3 ) 任选地对所得重组质粒进行鉴定, 例如利用限制性内切酶酶切图谱分析重组 质粒, 或进行 DNA序列。
优选地, 在本发明的用于制备针对活化 Thl细胞的重组免疫毒素质粒的方法中, 所 述质粒载体为真核质粒载体, 例如 SR a或 pSecTag2。
此外,本发明还提供了一种针对活化 TM细胞的重组免疫毒素,其包含 Rantes多肽 和白喉毒素活性片段。
优选地, 本发明的重组免疫毒素中的所述白喉毒素活性片段是 DT390片段。
本发明还进一步涉及上述多核苷酸或重组免疫毒素质粒或重组免疫毒素在制备用 于治疗或预防自身免疫性疾病、 器官移植排斥反应和 /或肿瘤的药物中的应用。
因此, 本发明还提供了一种药物组合物, 其包含本发明的上述多核苷酸或重组免疫 毒素质粒或重组免疫毒素, 以及药用可接受的载体或赋形剂。
以下结合附图和实施例进一步阐述本发明。 附图说明
图 1是本发明所述针对活化 TW细胞的重组免疫毒素质粒(Rantes-DT390质粒)的 示意图, 真核质粒载体为 SR a。 图中: 1-1一 DT390、 1-2— Rantes、 1-3— SR a真核质粒。
图 2是本发明所述重组免疫毒素质粒(RanteS-DT390质粒)对活化 T细胞的蛋白合 成抑制试验结果。
图 3是本发明所述重组免疫毒素质粒(Rantes-DT390质粒)治疗组与对照组的临床 评分图。 图中: 3-1—未治疗组、 3-2—治疗组。
图 4是流式细胞仪测定本发明所述重组免疫毒素质粒(Rantes-DT390质粒)对活化 T、 Thl、 Th2和 B细胞的细胞毒实验结果图。 具体实施方式
除非另有说明, 本申请中所使用的分子生物学技术和方法均参照 《分子克隆操作指 南》。
随着基础免疫学的研究进展, 人们认识到识别自身抗原的自身反应性 T细胞, 实际 上是由 CD4+ Thl细胞所承担的, 而 CD4+ Th2仅具有一定的调节作用 (见: Lib lau RS, et al. Immunol. Today; 1995, 16:34; Costa GL, et al. J. Immunol. 2000, 164:3581 )。本发明人由 此想到, 如果能利用高特异性的免疫毒素只将这些活化的自身反应性 Thl细胞杀死, 而 不影响 Th2细胞, 则有可能弥补现有技术中的缺陷, 从而治疗自身免疫性疾病。
Rantes是近年发现的一种新型细胞因子, 在免疫应答的过程中, 活化的 T细胞将表 达多种受体,如细胞因子 IL-2、IL-12、IL-18的受体以及多种化学趋化因子 CCR-5、CXCR-3 等的受体。这些 T细胞的膜受体中,现已证实 Rantes受体的表达仅限于活化的 Thl细胞, 而 Th2细胞没有表达,并且这种膜受体的表达是稳定和持续的(见: Karlsson I, et al. Journal of Virology, 2004 Nov, 78(21 ) : 11807-15; Emingil <¾ et al. Journal of Clinical Periodontology. 2004 Oct, 31 ( 10) :829-34 ) o 因此, Rantes受体不仅可以作为识别 Thl细胞和 Th2细胞 的标志, 也为相关的免疫治疗提供了一个理想的靶位。
本发明选用 Rantes为导向分子, 以白喉毒素活性片段为毒素分子, 来构建本发明的 特异性攻击 Thl细胞的重组免疫毒素和编码所述重组免疫毒素的质粒。 在本发明的一个 实施方案中, 所述白喉毒素活性片段为 DT390 , 且所构建的重组免疫毒素质粒为 RanteS-DT390重组免疫毒素质粒。 DT390是细菌毒素的跨膜结构域和酶性结构域,, 去除 了 DT分子的细胞结合区, 因此可进一步减少非特异性结合和降低不良反应。 将所述重 组免疫毒素质粒转染入体内, 表达重组免疫毒素, 可特异攻击并杀伤活化的 Thl细胞, 诱导自身免疫耐受, 并克服了现有免疫毒素的特异性欠佳、 需要提纯等不足之处, 能够 实现有效治疗自身免疫性疾病的目的。
在本发明的一个具体实施方案中,本发明的针对活化 Thl细胞的重组免疫毒素质粒 包含 SEQ ID ΝΟ:1所示的核苷酸序列。 此种质粒可通过将 Rantes cDNA序列 (来自 gene bank)和白喉毒素活性片段 DT390 cDNA序列 (来自 gene bank)连接并随后插入到合适 的载体中而构建。 构建载体的方法和转染宿主细胞的技术是本领域技术人员已知的, 例 如可参见《分子克隆操作指南》。 此外, 可通过本领域任何已知的方法测试本发明的免疫 毒素和重组免疫毒素质粒的活性和效果。
典型地,本发明所述针对活化 Thl细胞的重组免疫毒素质粒的制备方法包括以下步 骤:
1、 通过 RT-PCR反应, 获得编码 Rantes多肽的多核苷酸;
2、将上述扩增的编码 Rantes多肽的多核苷酸插入到含有编码 DT390片段的多核苷 酸的真核质粒中, 即构建成重组质粒, 再转染至感受态细菌中进行扩增, 然后筛选出含 有正确插入体的克隆; 以及
3、 限制性内切酶酶切图谱分析重组质粒, 并进行 DNA序列分析, 以保证重组质粒 中编码 Rantes多肽的核苷酸序列的正确性; 以及
4、 任选地, 通过蛋白合成抑制实验测定重组免疫毒素质粒的表达活性。
上述方法中, 构建重组质粒可选用的真核质粒载体为 SR a或 pSeCTag2, 但本领域 人员已知其他合适的载体也可用于本发明。
本发明的免疫毒素和重组免疫毒素质粒适合用于治疗或预防自身免疫性疾病、 器官 移植排斥反应和 /或肿瘤。由于选择细胞因子 Rantes为导向分子,而 Rantes受体只表达在 活化的 TW细胞表面, 在 Th2细胞表面没有表达, 因而由 Rantes导向的重组免疫毒素只 针对 Thl细胞, 从而使导向攻击更特异、 更有效, 减少临床应用的毒副作用。 在一个具 体实施方式中, 本发明选用毒素分子的是白喉毒素活性片段 DT390, 其是细菌毒素的跨 膜结构域和酶性结构域、, 去除了 DT分子的细胞结合区, 因此可进一步减少非特异性结 合和降低不良反应。
因此, 本发明还提供了一种药物组合物, 其包含本发明的多核苷酸或重组免疫毒素 质粒或重组免疫毒素, 以及药用可接受的载体或赋形剂。 可采用任何适当的方式施用本 发明的药物组合物。 例如, 可通过质粒转染活体肌肉细胞的方法, 将免疫毒素 (Rantes-DT390) 质粒直接导入动物肌肉, 使免疫毒素 (Rantes-DT390) 在骨骼肌内高 效表达而起到治疗作用。
本发明的免疫毒素可通过基因重组技术来制备, 这样可避免原来化学偶联免疫毒素 复杂的制备工艺和难以标化的缺点, 使其更易产业化。 本发明的免疫毒素质粒也可直接 转染细胞而表达重组免疫毒素, 这样可无需进一步提纯免疫毒素蛋白质。
本发明的免疫毒素 Rantes-DT390可用来制备用于治疗 /和或预防自身免疫性疾病的 药物, 其还可用于移植排斥反应及某些肿瘤的治疗和 /或预防。
以下实施例目的在举例说明本发明, 而无意于对本发明做出任何限制。 实施例 1: 重组免疫毒素真核质粒的制备
载体选用含有 DT390的 SRa真核质粒(由美国 Wisconsin大学 PhD. Hu Huaizhong 提供, promega公司) (Takebe Y, et al. Mol Cell Biol; 1988,8(1): 466), 具体步骤如下:
1、 小鼠 Rantes编码核酸的预处理 (以下试剂均购于 promega公司)
(1) 用 Trizol试剂提取小鼠肝总 R A, 具体方法如下: 取小鼠肝组织 100mg, 加 lml Trizol, 匀浆 (要彻底, 后转至 EP管), 如果组织匀浆量>1001^时分装 1ml/每 EP 管。颠倒混匀 10下, 室温放置 5分钟。加氯仿 1/5体积 (0.2ml) (必须按总体积的 1/5)。 颠倒混匀 10下, 室温放置 5分钟。 4°C, 离心 12000g, 15分钟。 将上层水相(约 400μ1) 转移至另一 1.5mlEP管中, 加等体积异丙醇 (约 400μ1), 混匀室温放置 10分钟。 4。C, 离心 12000g, 10分钟, 弃上清。 加冰预冷的 75%乙醇 (用 DEPC水配) lml。 4°C离心 7500g, 5分钟, 弃上清, 空气干燥 5-10分钟(不能完全干燥)。干燥后的产物溶于 DEPC 水中至 20μ1 (10 l-20ul) (可在 55-60°C水中, <10分钟助溶)。
(2) 逆转录反应
反应体系如下: 釆用 ΙΟμΙ扩增体系, 其中包括 MgCl2 (25mM) 3μ1, 5 X逆转录缓 冲液 2μ1, dNTP混和液 (10mM) 1 μ 1, RNA酶抑制剂 0.25 μ1, oligo(dT)15 (0.5ii g/n 1) Ιμΐ , M-MLV逆转录酶 1μ1, 总 ΚΝΑΙμΙ, 去 RNA酶的 ddH202.55 μ 1。 反应条件 如下: 30°C 10min, 42 °C 30min, 99V 5min, 5°C 5min。 反应后的产物置于 4°C保存备 用。
(3) cDNA的 PCR反应 (见表 1)
表 1: 反应体系:
试剂 浓度 体积 ( ΐ)
Taq缓冲液 10X 2
MgCl2 25mM 1.2
dNTP 10mM 0.2
上游引物 12.5ρηιο1/μ 1 0.5
下游引物 12.5ρηιο1/μ 1 0.5
cDNA模板 2
dd¾0 13.3
Taq酶 2.5U/ l 0.3 PCR扩增的引物:
上游: 5 ' -CAT GCC ATG GGC CTC ACC ATA TGG CTC GGA C-3 ' (引物 1, SEQ ID NO:2)
下游: 5 ' -CCG GAATTC CTA GCT CAT CTC CAA ATA GTT-3 ' (引物 2, SEQ ID NO:3 ) PCR反应条件:
94°C预变性 3min, 94°C变性 35sec、 58°C复性 30sec、 72°C延伸 55sec, 34个循环后 72Ό延伸 10min。
(4) 扩增产物用 2%琼脂糖凝胶电泳分析。
2、 重组免疫毒素 SR a真核表达质粒的预处理
( 1 ) 用限制性内切 Ncol及 EcoRI双酶切 SRa真核质粒, 反应体积 20μ1 (其中含 有 Ncol酶 Ιμΐ 、 EcoRI酶 1μ1、 10xNEbuffer2 2μΚ SRa真核质粒 10μ1、 dd¾0 6μ1) , 37° C过夜 (内切酶均购自 New England公司);
(2) 反应后用 1%琼脂糖凝胶电泳, 在凝胶成像系统的紫外灯照射下, 按胶回收试 剂盒 (购自 Omiga 公司) 的方法回收大片段。
3、 Rantes核苷酸序列与 SR α真核表达质粒的连接及转化
( 1 ) 将上述步骤中所获得的载体片段及插入体粗略定量后, 按插入体: 载体分子 摩尔数比 =3〜10:1的连接反应原则进行连接实验;
(2) 反应体系如表 2所示, 整个反应过程在 PCR仪中 16° C过夜。 连接反应时应 分别设立无插入体和无载体的对照管。 使上述扩增的编码 Rantes多肽的多核苷酸插入到 含有编码 DT390片段的多核苷酸的 SR a真核质粒中, 编码 Rantes多肽的多核苷酸与编 码 DT390片段的多核苷酸通过 Ncol酶切位点连接,与 SR α真核质粒通过 EcoR I酶切位 点连接, 构建成重组质粒 (结果见图 1 )。 表 2: 反应体系
试剂 体积 ( μΐ)
dd¾0 11
10χ缓冲液 2
Rantes 2
SR a 4
T4DNA连接酶 1
总体积 20
(3 ) 将连接产物分别转化大肠杆菌 JM109的感受态细胞。 连接产物的转化方法按 《分子克隆操作指南》 进行, 主要步骤如下:
Α、取连接产物 4μ1加入感受态细胞 30μ1置于 1.5ml Ep管中, 阴性对照为感受态细 胞 30μ1置于 1.5ml Ερ管中;
Β、 置于冰上 30ηώι, 每隔几分钟轻弹;
C、 42。C水浴 SO Sec'- D 冰上放置 3 min;
E、 力卩 0.3ml SOC培养基 ( 10ml SOC+5(^l 2mol/L MgCl2), 置于冰上;
F、 37°C, 250rpm振摇 1小时;
G、 取 50μ1转化细胞 +5μ1 O.lg/ml Amp, 均匀涂布于含 Amp的平板, 置 37°C孵箱 培养过夜。
4、 限制性内切酶酶切图谱分析重组质粒, 并进行 DNA序列分析, 以保证重组质粒 中编码 Rantes多肽的核苷酸序列的正确性。测序结果表明,重组质粒中含有序列表中 SEQ ID NO:l所示的核苷酸序列。
5、重组免疫毒素(Rantes-DT390)真核质粒在 NIH3T3细胞(invitrogen)中的表达
( 1 )在转染前 24h, 将 NIH3T3细胞(购自 invitrogen公司)接种于六孔培养板中, 每孔细胞约 1 X 106, 置于 37Ό 5% C02孵箱培养;
(2)待细胞长满至约 80-90%融合后, 分别以 SR a空质粒及 Rantes-DT390 SR a质 粒转染真核细胞 NIH-3T3, 具体操作按 Qiagen 公司脂质体转染试剂盒(Qiagen) 中的说 明书进行; (3 ) 质粒转染后 72h, 收集细胞。 将变性后的蛋白质 marker和转染后细胞裂解上 清液在 5%的浓缩胶和 10%的分离胶中进行 SDS-PAGE电泳;
(4) 电泳完备后, 将凝胶上的蛋白质电转移到硝酸纤维素滤膜上, 电转移后的膜 用封闭液(约 10%的 PBS脱脂奶粉)封闭处理 2h,再加入 Rantes多克隆抗体(Santa Cruz) 应用液作用 lh, 充分洗涤后再加入酶标二抗兔抗羊 IgG, 作用 lh。 最后加底物显色。 实施例 2: 体外重组免疫毒素 Rantes-DT390的生物活性测定
1、 蛋白合成抑制试验
( 1 )在无菌操作台上取小鼠脾脏, 获得脾细胞悬液, 接种于细胞培养瓶 (约 10X 106个细胞 /ml), 加入 conA ( Sigma) ( lOug/ml) 混合培养;
(2) 培养 3天后, 收获细胞, 计数并调整细胞浓度为 I X 106个细胞 /ml;
(3 )转入 96孔细胞培养板(培养液为不含亮氨酸的 DMEM培养基), 分别将上述 转染上清按原液 1/2、 1/4、 1/8、 1/20、 1/50稀释的浓度加入, 50μ1/孔, 各浓度设立三复 孔;
(4) 继续培养 24h, 加入 3H亮氨酸 Ιθ μ ΐ (5 οΐ/ιη1), 2h后收集细胞, 液闪测定 并计算蛋白合成抑制率(有关结果如图 2所示)。 由此表明, 重组免疫毒素 Rantes-DT390 对活化 T细胞具有较强的细胞抑制效应。
2、 流式细胞仪测定其细胞毒性
( 1 )在无菌操作台上取小鼠脾脏, 用 RPMI1640培养基制成脾细胞悬液, 与 conA ( lOug/ml)混合培养;
(2)培养 3天后, 加入上述转染上清按原液 1/2、 1/4、 1/8、 1/20、 1/50稀释的浓度, 50μ1/孔, 各浓度设立三复孔;
(3 ) 继续培养 24h, 收集细胞, 流式细胞仪 (Epics Elite ESP, Beckman Coulter) 测定免疫毒素 Rantes- DT390分别对活化 T、 Thl、 Th2细胞和 B细胞的细胞毒性(CD4+: T细胞膜表面标记; IFN- Y :Thl细胞内标记; IL-4:Th2细胞内标记; CD19+: B细胞膜表 面标记);
(4)流式细胞仪测定结果显示, T细胞及 Thl细胞数目下降 40%-60%, 而对 Th2 及 B细胞无此影响 (如图 4所示)。 由此表明重组免疫毒素 Rantes-DT390具有较好的靶 向特异性。 实施例 3 : 重组免疫毒素 Rantes-DT390 真核质粒对自身免疫性疾病动物模型 EAE (Experimental Allergic Encephalomyelitis ) 的初步治疗效果
1. EAE动物模型的建立: 根据常规方法用 C57BL/6小鼠 (四川大学华西试验动物 中心) 建立 EAE模型。
( 1 ) 用 C57BIJ6小鼠建立 EAE动物模型, 将自提的 MBP粗提液与福氏完全佐剂 (FCA, 内含结核分枝杆菌 5mg/ml) 等体积混和, 使用 3ml注射器反复推拉成为油包水 的乳剂, 釆用腹腔注射的方法。
(2) 免疫剂量: 每只小鼠腹腔注射 MBP:FCA ( 1 :1 ) 混和液 0.4ml, 百日咳杆菌 菌液 (成都市生物制品研究所) .· PBS ( 1 :50)混和液 0.2ml (内含百日咳杆菌 0.6-1.8 x lO6 个)。
(3 )对照组每只小鼠腹腔注射百日咳杆菌菌液与 PBS混和液 0.2ml (内含百日咳杆 菌 0.6-l.S x 106个)。
(4) 免疫时间: 第 1天、 第 7天免疫两次。
2. 重组质粒对 EAE模型的初步治疗
( 1 ) 用 Rantes-DT390重组质粒对 EAE动物模型进行治疗试验
治疗时间: 在 MBP免疫小鼠后第 1天、 第 3天分别治疗 2次;
治疗方法:使用阳离子脂质体包被的 Rantes-DT390重组质粒,采用试验小鼠大腿肌 肉注射的方式;
治疗剂量: 50 g/只。
(2)观察治疗后治疗组及未治疗组的症状表现,根据临床评分标准进行打分(Kono 分级法), 具体为: 0分: 没有任何临床症状; 1分: 动物尾部无力; 2分: 动物尾部无力 +前肢或后肢中等无力; 3分: 前肢或后肢严重无力, 人为翻身后不能恢复; 4分: 肢体 麻痹, 人为翻身后不能恢复; 5分: 濒死状态 (有关结果如图 3所示)。

Claims

权 利 要 求 书
1、一种分离的多核苷酸, 其编码针对活化 TW细胞的重组免疫毒素, 其中所述重 组免疫毒素包含 Rantes多肽和白喉毒素活性片段。
2、 权利要求 1的多核苷酸, 其中所述白喉毒素活性片段是 DT390片段。
3、 权利要求 1的多核苷酸, 其包含 SEQ ID NO:l所示的核苷酸序列。
4、 一种针对活化 TM细胞的重组免疫毒素质粒, 其包含权利要求 1-3中任一项的 多核苷酸。
5、 权利要求 4的重组免疫毒素质粒, 其是一种真核质粒。
6、 权利要求 5的重组免疫毒素质粒, 其中所述真核质粒是 SR a或 pSeCTag2。
7、 权利要求 4-6中任一项所述的针对活化 TM细胞的重组免疫毒素质粒的制备方 法, 其特征在于依次包括以下步骤:
( 1 ) 通过 RT-PCR反应扩增编码 Rantes多肽的核苷酸序列;
(2)将上述扩增的编码 Rantes多肽的核苷酸序列插入到含有编码 DT390片段的核 苷酸序列的质粒载体中构建重组质粒, 再将重组质粒转染至感受态细菌中进行扩增, 然 后筛选出含有正确插入体的克隆; 和
(3) 任选地利用限制性内切酶酶切图谱分析重组质粒, 或进行 DNA序列。
8、 权利要求 7的方法, 其中所述质粒载体为真核质粒载体。
9、 权利要求 8的方法, 其中所述真核质粒载体为 SR a或 pSeCTag2。
10、一种针对活化 Thl细胞的重组免疫毒素,其包含 Rantes多肽和白喉毒素活性片 段。
11、 权利要求 10的重组免疫毒素, 其中所述白喉毒素活性片段是 DT390片段。
12、 权利要求 1-3中任一项的多核苷酸或者权利要求 4-6中任一项的重组免疫毒素 质粒或者权利要求 10或 11的重组免疫毒素在制备用于治疗或预防自身免疫性疾病、 器 官移植排斥反应和 /或肿瘤的药物中的应用。
PCT/CN2005/002090 2004-12-03 2005-12-05 Plasmide d'immunotoxine de recombinaison rantes-dt390 ciblant des cellules th1 activees, son procede de production et ses utilisations Ceased WO2006072202A1 (fr)

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CN100348725C (zh) * 2005-09-05 2007-11-14 四川大学 针对活化Th1细胞的重组免疫毒素MIP-1α-DT390的质粒及制备方法与应用

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