WO2006068331A1 - 液晶表示装置 - Google Patents
液晶表示装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2006068331A1 WO2006068331A1 PCT/JP2005/024215 JP2005024215W WO2006068331A1 WO 2006068331 A1 WO2006068331 A1 WO 2006068331A1 JP 2005024215 W JP2005024215 W JP 2005024215W WO 2006068331 A1 WO2006068331 A1 WO 2006068331A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- liquid crystal
- crystal display
- display device
- water
- refractive index
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1343—Electrodes
- G02F1/134309—Electrodes characterised by their geometrical arrangement
- G02F1/134363—Electrodes characterised by their geometrical arrangement for applying an electric field parallel to the substrate, i.e. in-plane switching [IPS]
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
- G02B5/30—Polarising elements
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/28—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00 for polarising
- G02B27/281—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00 for polarising used for attenuating light intensity, e.g. comprising rotatable polarising elements
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
- G02F1/133502—Antiglare, refractive index matching layers
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
- G02F1/13363—Birefringent elements, e.g. for optical compensation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2323/00—Functional layers of liquid crystal optical display excluding electroactive liquid crystal layer characterised by chemical composition
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2323/00—Functional layers of liquid crystal optical display excluding electroactive liquid crystal layer characterised by chemical composition
- C09K2323/03—Viewing layer characterised by chemical composition
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2323/00—Functional layers of liquid crystal optical display excluding electroactive liquid crystal layer characterised by chemical composition
- C09K2323/03—Viewing layer characterised by chemical composition
- C09K2323/031—Polarizer or dye
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F2201/00—Constructional arrangements not provided for in groups G02F1/00 - G02F7/00
- G02F2201/50—Protective arrangements
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F2413/00—Indexing scheme related to G02F1/13363, i.e. to birefringent elements, e.g. for optical compensation, characterised by the number, position, orientation or value of the compensation plates
- G02F2413/02—Number of plates being 2
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F2413/00—Indexing scheme related to G02F1/13363, i.e. to birefringent elements, e.g. for optical compensation, characterised by the number, position, orientation or value of the compensation plates
- G02F2413/14—Negative birefingence
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a liquid crystal display device.
- the present invention has excellent anti-fibrosis and scratch resistance, prevents deterioration in contrast when ⁇ is viewed from an oblique direction without deteriorating image characteristics from the front direction, and
- the present invention relates to a liquid crystal display device that has a good black display quality even when viewed from the direction and exhibits a uniform and high contrast. Background
- Liquid crystal display devices have high image quality, high resolution, light weight, low consumption, etc., and are widely used in televisions, noso-nanore computers, car navigators, and the like.
- a liquid crystal display device two polarizers are arranged above and below the liquid crystal cell so that the axes are orthogonal to each other, and by applying to the liquid crystal cell, the orientation of liquid crystal molecules is changed to display an image on the liquid crystal cell.
- a liquid crystal display device in a twisted-donematic mode there are many configurations in which a liquid crystal molecule is vertically oriented when a voltage is applied, resulting in a black display.
- In-plane switching mode liquid crystal display devices have many configurations in which liquid crystal molecules are aligned in a certain direction when no voltage is applied and the alignment direction rotates 45 degrees when applied, resulting in white display.
- liquid crystal display devices In a liquid crystal display device in which the axes of the two polarizers are arranged so that they are perpendicular to the vertical and horizontal directions, sufficient contrast is obtained when viewing ⁇ from the vertical and horizontal directions. However, when ⁇ is viewed obliquely from a direction deviating from the top, bottom, left, and right, 3 ⁇ 4 light birefringence occurs and light leaks, so that sufficient black cannot be obtained and the contrast power M falls. For this reason, liquid crystal display devices are provided with a light compensation method to prevent a decrease in contrast.
- the first offset, the light compensation film, the first screen, the liquid crystal layer, the second screen, and the second screen are arranged in this position II, and one of the bias is the liquid crystal axis when the liquid crystal layer displays black.
- one of the bias is the liquid crystal axis when the liquid crystal layer displays black.
- to ⁇ has a vertical axis that is perpendicular to the liquid crystal latch axis, and one of the film 11 axis and the polarizing plate of the optical compensation film.
- An in-plane switching mode liquid crystal display device force S is proposed in which the angle formed by the 3 ⁇ 4 axis and force S is 0 to 2 degrees or 88 to 90 degrees (Patent Document 1).
- a liquid crystal display device that consists of a liquid crystal cell and a polarizing plate and changes in the plane of the liquid crystal; the direction of the liquid crystal axis is given to the liquid crystal cell.
- a light compensation sheet is provided between one of the biases, the light compensation sheet has an optically negative uniaxial property, and the optical axis is strong with respect to the sheet surface.
- Patent Document 2 A liquid crystal display device has been proposed (Patent Document 2).
- Patent Document 1 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-3 0 5 2 1 7 (Page 2-3) (US Pat. No. 6 2 8 5 4 3 0, B 1)
- Patent Document 2 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-5 4 9 8 2 (Page 2-3) (US Patent 6 1 8 4 9 5
- the present invention prevents a decrease in contrast when viewed from an oblique direction without deteriorating the image characteristics from the front direction, has a good black display quality from any direction, is homogeneous, and
- the output side polarizing plate including the output side polarizer and the alt side having the 3 ⁇ 4 axis substantially orthogonal to the 3 ⁇ 4 axis of the output side polarizer
- An in-plane switching mode liquid crystal display device having at least two optically anisotropic bodies and a crystal crystal between a pair of polarizing plates each including an incident-side polarizing plate including a polarizer,
- the total force of the two ⁇ @ folds in the plane of the optical anisotropic body is less than twice the sum of the main refractive indices in the thickness direction, and light is incident at an angle of 40 degrees from the main axis to the main axis.
- the ratio R 40 / R o is 0.90 to 1.10, and the exit-side polarizer has protective films on both sides thereof, and the hollow film or
- K is An in-plane switching mode liquid crystal display device having an optically anisotropic body of 2 or more and a liquid crystal cell, where n xi , n yi are the main refractive indices in the plane of the i-th optical anisotropic body. (However, n xi > n yi .) When the iig folding ratio in the thickness direction is n zi ,
- R is the retardation when light having a wavelength of 55 nm is suspended in an optical layer (O) that is a laminate of k optical anisotropic bodies and liquid crystal cells.
- R 4 is the retardation when light having a wavelength of 55 nm is tilted at an angle of 40 degrees from 3 ⁇ 4H toward the principal axis.
- the exit-side polarizing plate has protective films on both sides of the exit-side polarizer, and a hollow fine particle or a porous insulator is placed on the object ij from the protective film surface of the exit-side polarizer.
- the low refractive index layer comprises hollow fine particles or poor porous fine particles, at least one of the following hydrolyzate (ii) and the copolymerized hydrolyzate (ii) below, and the hydrous organosilane of the following (C).
- R 2 ... [2] (Wherein, R 1 and R 2 are alkyl groups, and n is 2 to 200 ⁇ .)
- the low refractive index layer comprises hollow fine particles or poor porous fine particles, at least one of the following (A) hydrate and the following (B) copolymerized hydrolyzed product, and the following (D) silicone diol.
- Re-hydrolyzed water obtained by adding the following (A) hydrolyzate in the state where the low refractive index layer is mixed with the following (A) hydrate and hollow fine particles or porous fine particles, and the following (B) copolymerization (1) to the liquid crystal display device of (A) -j3 ⁇ 43 ⁇ 4 [1].
- Hydrocarbon organosilane represented by [1] Karo water obtained by m.
- the porous poor fine particles contained in the coating bandits that form the low refractive index layer were mixed and hydropolymerized with (a) alkoxysilane together with 7 and caloric water ⁇ ⁇ (B) Alkoxysilane is mixed with soot, water and hydrolyzed insecticidal medium for hydropolymerization, and stabilized by stopping the polymerization before gelation.
- (2) or (4) is a porous intelligent particle having a mean particle diameter of 10 to 100 nm obtained by removing the solvent from the organosilica sol, or a mixture of these porous particles (a) and (b). ) Liquid crystal display device according to.
- FIG. 2 is an explanatory view of the measurement method of Fig. 1, Fig. 2 shows the layer configuration of the liquid crystal display device of the present invention.
- Fig. 6 shows the configuration of the liquid crystal display device according to the present invention,
- Fig. 4 shows another embodiment of the layer configuration of the liquid crystal display device according to the present invention.
- Fig. 5 shows a diagram of the layer configuration of the liquid crystal display device according to the invention.
- FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram showing another embodiment
- FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating the layer structure of a conventional liquid crystal display device
- FIG. 7 is another layer structure of the conventional liquid crystal display device. It is explanatory drawing which shows the fiber.
- reference numeral 1 is an Alt side polarizing plate
- 2 is a liquid crystal cell
- 3 is an optical anisotropic body
- 4 is an optical anisotropic body
- 5 is an outgoing side polarization.
- the liquid crystal display device of the present invention includes a pair of incident side polarizing plates including an output side polarization including an output side polarizer and an Alt side polarizer having an axis substantially perpendicular to the axis of the ffit self output side polarizer.
- An in-plane switching mode liquid crystal display device having k optical plates (k is a dish of 2 or more) and a liquid crystal cell between polarizing plates, in the plane of the i-th optical anisotropic body
- the main refractive index is n xi , n yi (where n xi > n yi ) and the iig folding ratio in the thickness direction is n zi ,
- R is the letter retardation when light with a wavelength of 5500 nm is perpendicularly incident on an optical laminate (O) that is a laminate of k optical anisotropic bodies and liquid crystal cells.
- R 4 is the letter retardation when light with a wavelength of 55 nm is incident at an angle of 40 degrees from the normal to the main axis.
- the polarizing plate on the exit side of the braided light has protective films on both sides of the polarizer on the exit side of the self-illuminator.
- This is a liquid crystal display device that has a low refractive index layer having a refractive index of 1.37 or less made of hardened silicon cone containing particles.
- the angle formed by the two 3 ⁇ 41 axes of the exit-side polarizer and the entrance-side polarizer in the position axis system in which the axis of rotation is in a straight line is displayed when the angle is displayed as 0 to 90 degrees.
- 8 is preferably 7 to 90 degrees, more preferably 8 to 90 degrees. If the angle between the two 3 ⁇ 41 axes of the exit-side polarizer and the Alt-side polarizer is less than 87 degrees, light may leak and the black display power S of the display image may be reduced.
- Optical anisotropic element used in the present invention is at least one is different from the other materials of the main refractive indices n x, n y and n z.
- an optical anisotropy when light from one monochromatic light travels in one direction, it travels in two directions with different wisteria, and the vibration directions of these two polarizations are perpendicular to each other. is there.
- the arrangement of the k optical anisotropic bodies and the liquid crystal cells between the pair of biases is not limited, and the liquid crystal cells are arranged at arbitrary positions with respect to the k optical anisotropic bodies.
- the optical anisotropic body-liquid crystal cell-optical anisotropic body, optical anisotropic body-optical anisotropic liquid crystal A cell or a liquid crystal cell, an optically anisotropic body, and an optically anisotropic body can also be arranged in a misalignment.
- Contrast (CR).
- the bright display is the brightest display state of the liquid crystal display device, and the date display is the best display state of the liquid crystal display device.
- the polar angle is the angle when viewing from the front direction when viewing the display ⁇ of the liquid crystal display device.
- the retardation when light having a wavelength of 50 nm is vertical in the optical body ( ⁇ ) in which k optical anisotropic bodies and liquid crystal cells are laminated.
- R When the retardation of the light with a wavelength of 5500 nm is At at an angle of 40 degrees from the 3 ⁇ 4f spring to the principal axis direction is R 40 ,
- the R40 is the rotation axis of the 3 ⁇ 4 axis of the light (O) body (O) shown in Fig. 1
- R4oZR. Is the letter R when the value of 0.90 or less or 1.10 or more and light of wavelength 5500 nm is incident vertically. And light of wavelength 5 5 0 nm? Retardation when incident at an angle of 40 degrees from ⁇ to the main axis direction If the difference from R40 is large, the black display quality may be poor and the contrast may be reduced when the display screen is viewed obliquely. .
- the exit-side polarizing plate has protective films on both sides of the exit-side polarizer, and the self-exit-side polarizer's observance rule ( ⁇ Hollow fine particles or porous It has a low refractive index layer with a refractive index of 1 ⁇ 37 or less, consisting of a large amount of cured silicone containing fine particles.
- ⁇ Hollow fine particles or porous It has a low refractive index layer with a refractive index of 1 ⁇ 37 or less, consisting of a large amount of cured silicone containing fine particles.
- the protective film should have a hard coat layer in addition to the low refractive index layer.
- the low refractive index layer can be laminated on the surface of the protective film, for example, via a film or a hard coat layer. If the refractive index of the low refractive index layer exceeds 1.37, the prevention performance may be insufficient.
- the protective film is preferably made of a transparent resin.
- the transparent resin has a force that the total yield of a molded article having a thickness of 1 mm is 80% or more; preferably 90% or more.
- the transparent resin include a resin having an alicyclic structure, a chain polyolefin resin such as polyethylene polypropylene, a cellulose resin, a polycarbonate resin, a polyester resin, a polysulfone resin, and a polyethersulfone resin.
- examples thereof include resins, polystyrenic resins, polyvinyl alcohol resins, polymethacrylate resins. One of these resins can be used as a worm, or a combination of two or more can be used.
- norbornene-based polymers cyclic olefin-based polymers, cyclic benzene-based polymers, vinyl alicyclic resins are base polymers, and resins having alicyclic structures such as hydrides thereof; Cellulose resin such as cellulose diacetate, cellulose triacetate, cellulose acetate butyrate; Polyesterol shelf such as polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, polyethylene naphthalate; It can be used as a norbornene-based polymer that is excellent in transparency, low moisture absorption, dimensional stability, light weight, and triacetin!
- ⁇ Lulose and polyethylene terephthalate can be more preferably used, and norbornene polymers can be particularly preferably used.
- the norbornene-based polymer include a ring-opening polymer of a norbornene-based monomer, a treatment of a norebornene-based monomer with another monomer, and a hydrogenated rhodium thereof; An addition copolymer of a monomer, an addition copolymer of a norbornene monomer and another monomer, and a hydrogenated product thereof can be used.
- a hydrogenated product of a ring-opening polymer of a norbornene-based monomer is excellent in transparency and can be particularly preferably used.
- Transparent resin is gel permeation using hexane or toluene as a solvent.
- Polystyrene calculated weight average molecular weight force S 1 0, 0 0 0 to 3 0 0, 0 0 0, preferably 1 5, 0 0 0 to 2 5 0, 0 0 0 More preferably, it is 2 0, 0 0 0 to 2 0 0, 0 0 0.
- a transparent resin having a weight average molecular weight of 10, 0 0 0 to 3 0 0, 0 0 0 can be suitably used because of its excellent balance between Xie's bow and molding processability.
- the molecular weight distribution of the transparent resin is not particularly limited, but the ratio of weight average molecular weight (Mw) / number average molecular weight (Mn) is preferably 1 to 10, It is more preferably ⁇ 6, and even more preferably 1.1-4.
- a transparent resin having a weight average molecular weight (Mw) / number average molecular weight (Mn) ratio of 1 to 0 can be suitably used because it has a good balance of molding processability with a good archery daughter. .
- various compounding agents can be added to the transparent resin.
- the compounding agents include phenolic antioxidants, phosphoric acid antioxidants, thioic antioxidants, and the like U: benzotriazole ultraviolet absorbers, benzoate ultraviolet absorbers, benzophenone UV absorbers such as UV-based UV II absorbers, talate-based UV absorbers, complex UV-absorbing UV absorbers; photo-anions such as hindered amine light stabilizers ij; dyes and pigments; Lubricants such as esters of surface alcohols, lunar fatty acid amides, »kappa; Triester-based flexible IJ, Phthano! ⁇ -Ester-based flexible, Luminous fatty acid monosuccinic acid ester plasticizer, Oxicic acid ester Plasticizers such as plasticizers; antistatic agents such as fatty acid esters of polyhydric alcohols; and the like.
- the protective film used in the present invention can be obtained by forming the transparent resin into a film by a known molding method and stretching it as necessary.
- the melt forming method is preferable because it can reduce the uneven thickness of the volatile component in the film.
- the molten W extrusion molding method include a method of using a die such as a T die, but a method using a T die is preferred because of its excellent productivity and thickness accuracy.
- a surface modification treatment can be performed on one side or both sides of the protective film. By performing the surface modification treatment, the adhesion with the polarizer can be improved. Examples of the surface modification treatment include energy beam irradiation treatment and chemical treatment.
- Plasma treatment As an energy beam irradiation process, for example, Plasma treatment, electron beam irradiation treatment, ultraviolet irradiation treatment and the like can be mentioned. Among these, rollers with good processing efficiency
- the theory and plasma treatment can be preferably used, and the corona theory can be particularly preferably used.
- Examples of the chemical treatment include a method of immersing in an aqueous oxidant reservoir such as potassium dichromate water night and concentrated, and then washing with water.
- the thickness of the protective film should be 5 to 300; um, preferably S, more preferably 40 to 200 / ⁇ m, and even more preferably 50 to 15 ⁇ .
- the hard coat layer is a layer having a high surface hardness.
- the hard coat layer has a hardness of ⁇ or more in the pencil ⁇ 3 ⁇ 43 ⁇ 4 test specified in JISK 5600 -5-4, and more preferably a hardness of ⁇ or more.
- the hard coat layer preferably has a refractive index of 1.50 or more, more preferably 1.53 or more, and even more preferably 1.55 or more.
- the refractive index of the hard coat layer is 1.50 or more, reflection of outside light is prevented, and it has excellent prevention performance in a wide range and wavelength band over the entire visible light range, and is laminated on the hard coat layer. Therefore, it is easy to design a low refractive index layer, and an optical layer film having excellent scratch resistance can be obtained.
- the refractive index can be measured, for example, using a spectroscopic ellipsometer.
- the hard coat layer preferably has an arithmetic average roughness Ra specified in jIs B 0601 of 35 nm or less, more preferably:! To 30 nm.
- the average thickness of the hard coat layer is not particularly limited, but it is usually preferably 0.5 to 3 ⁇ , and more preferably 3 to 15 ⁇ .
- the arithmetic average roughness Ra can be measured by observing the interference fringes by scanning the three-dimensional structure manifestation [ZYGO 3] at a regular rate S at a constant rate S.
- the material for forming the hard coat layer is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include silicon-based, melamine-based, epoxy-based, acrylole-based, and urethane acrylate-based materials. , One coat material; and the like. Among these, urethane acrylate hard coat materials and multifunctional acrylate hard coat materials have high adhesive strength and are excellent in bell 14, and therefore can be suitably used.
- a material comprising a bioenergy ray-curable resin and / or oxide particles can be given.
- Active energy ray curing type The resin is a resin in which a polymer, oligomer and / or monomer having a polymerized bio-unsaturated bond or epoxy group in the molecule is cured by irradiation with active energy rays.
- a photopolymerization initiator or a photopolymerization accelerator can be blended.
- a bioenergy ray has an energy quantum capable of overlapping or cross-linking molecules among electromagnetic waves or charge rays, and can usually use ultraviolet rays or electron beams.
- Ceramic particles are particles that can make the conductivity and refractive index of the hard coat layer difficult.
- the oxide particles for increasing the refractive index preferably have a refractive index of 1.6 or more, more preferably 1.6 to 2.3.
- oxide particles having a high refractive index include titania (titanium oxide), zirconia (zirconium oxide), oxide port, tin oxide, cerium oxide, antimony pentoxide, tin-doped indium oxide ( ITO), antimony-doped tin oxide (ATO), phosphorus-doped tin oxide (PTO), 3 ⁇ 4
- ternary antimony, phosphorus-doped tin oxide and titanium arsenide have a high refractive index and an excellent balance between conductivity and transparency, and therefore are suitably used as components for increasing the refractive index. be able to.
- «Oxide particles have a primary particle size of:! ⁇ 10 O nm, preferably S, and more preferably 1 ⁇ 5 O nm, in order not to lower the transparency of the coating layer. ,.
- the primary particle size of ⁇ -oxide particles can be measured visually from secondary electron emission image obtained by SEM, or dynamic light scattering ' ⁇ ! It can also be measured using a scattering method or the like.
- Product particles are force s preferably are covered with a perforated ⁇ compound or organic ⁇ of ⁇ at least part of its surface has a Anion of Goku ⁇ .
- a combination of two or more oxide particles can be used.
- the refractive index is extremely high, but the conductivity is small, and the rutile type titanium oxide particles, and the conductive lifetime is extremely large, but the refractive index is smaller than the rutile type titanium oxide, the conductive oxide is used.
- a hard coat layer having both a predetermined refractive index and good antistatic performance can be formed.
- the compounding amount of the road oxide particles is preferably 2,000 to 1,200 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the bioenergy ray curable resin. It is more preferable that it is ⁇ 80 parts by weight. Good. ,
- a leveling agent can be contained in order to uniformly disperse the oxide particles in the hard coat layer.
- fluorine-based surfactant U can be preferably used, and a nonionic fluorine-based surfactant ft agent comprising an oligomer having a fluorinated alkyl group can be particularly preferably used.
- the first coat layer can further contain a ⁇ »S-type key compound.
- the hard coat layer is usually coated with a solution obtained by dissolving or dispersing an active energy ray-curable resin, an oxide particle, and an oligomer having a fluorinated alkyl group, which is blended as necessary. It can be formed by working and drying to obtain enormous amounts, and then irradiating with active energy rays and hardening.
- a coating method for example, wire barco
- the refractive index layer comprises at least one of hollow fine particles or porous W [particles, a hydrolyzate of the following ( ⁇ ) and a copolymerized hydrolyzate of the following ( ⁇ ).
- (C) A carotrophic organosilane having a water-repellent group in the straight chain portion and having two or more alkoxy groups having S-bonded silicon atoms in the molecule.
- the (i) hydrolyzate used in the present invention is a tetrafunctional silicone resin that can be obtained quickly by hydrating the four water-resistant monoreganosilanes represented by [1]
- Examples of the four-membered f ⁇ mouth needle organosilane represented by the general formula [1] include a four-functional organoalkoxysilane represented by Ippune Wipe [5].
- R is a monovalent carbon zK group, more preferably a monovalent carbon atom having 1 to 8 carbon atoms. It is a group. In the charcoal, the basic group may be linear or branched.
- Examples of such a carbon group include a methyl group, an ethyl group, a propyl group, an isopropyl group, a butyl group, an isobutanol group, a tert-butanol group, a pentynole group, a hexyl group, a heptyl group, and an octyl group.
- a carbon group examples include a methyl group, an ethyl group, a propyl group, an isopropyl group, a butyl group, an isobutanol group, a tert-butanol group, a pentynole group, a hexyl group, a heptyl group, and an octyl group.
- R, R' and R are each independently a hydrogen atom or monovalent carbon-hydrogen.
- Alkoxyl group can be suitably used as the Karo water group X.
- Carohydrate (A) which is a 4 I ⁇ corn resin
- the molecular weight of the obtained 43 ⁇ 4 3 ⁇ 4 silicone resin force ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ (A) but with a smaller proportion of matrix fines relative to hollow fine particles such as hollow silica fine particles.
- the weight average molecular weight is 200 to 2,000. If the weight average molecular weight is less than 200, the soot growth ability may be inferior. If the weight average molecular weight exceeds 2,000, there is a risk that the cured product will be inferior.
- the above silicone resin, a tetraalkoxysilane represented by the general formula [5], the molar ratio [H 2 0] / [OR] is 1.0 or more, for example, 1.0 to 5.0, preferably in an amount to be 1.0 to 3.0 Partially hydrolyzed and cocoon or completely 3 ⁇ 4 ⁇ products obtained by caloric ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ under water and preferably under acid or tt3 ⁇ 4S angle can be used.
- Mosquitoes Soca of trillions in J M "damage to form a two-dimensional crosslinked structure, when there is a tendency to multi? Mosquitoes Soca of trillions.
- Molar ratio 2 ⁇ ] / [OR] is less than 1.0, the more the amount of non-alkoxyl group, May cause adverse effects such as increasing the refractive index of Yanagimo If the molar ratio [H 2 0] / COR) exceeds 5.0, condensation power S may be extremely fast, leading to gelation of the coating waste Hydration may be carried out under appropriate conditions of deviation and deviation, for example, at 5-30 ° C for 10 minutes to 2 hours. It is possible to add water by mixing these materials.
- the obtained d3 mouth function is, for example, 2 0 to 10 0 ° C 2
- the desired silicone resin can be obtained after ⁇ 10 hours.
- the copolymerized hydrolyzate rare (B) used in the present invention is a copolymerized hydrolyzed of a carohydrohydrophilic organosilane and a carohydrous organosilane having a fluorine-substituted alkyl group.
- Examples of the Karo-water ⁇ -noreganosilane include the 4-organized water-repellent organosilane represented by the general formula [1]. ]
- the tetrafunctional organoalkoxysilane represented by these can be mentioned.
- organosilane having a structural unit represented by 1 il wipe [6], general formula [7] or general formula [8] can be suitably used as the water-containing organosilane having a fluorine-substituted alkyl group. .
- R 3 is a fluoroalkyl group having a carbon number:! To 16 or a perfluoronoleoalkyl group
- R 4 is a carbon number :! ⁇ 16 alkyl group, halogenated alkyl group, aryl group, alkyl aryl group, aryl alkyl group, alkenyl group, alkoxy Group, hydrogen atom or halogen atom.
- X is — (C a H b F c ) —, where a is:! ⁇ 1 2 dishes, 1) +. Is 2 3, b is 0 ⁇ 2 4 ⁇ , c is 0 ⁇ 2 4 ⁇ [.
- Such X is preferably a basic force S having a fluoroalkylene group and an alkylene group.
- Copolymerized water ( ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ) can be obtained by mixing a water-soluble organosilane and a water-repellent organosilane having a fluorine-substituted alkyl group and copolymerizing the mixture with water.
- a water-soluble organosilane and a water-repellent organosilane having a fluorine-substituted alkyl group There are no particular restrictions on the copolymerization ratio of the carowater-containing organosilane and the carowater-containing organosilane having a fluorine-substituted alkyl group, but the weight ratio of the condensate compound is as follows: 7) ⁇ Organic organosilane / fluorine substitution Force L having an alkyl group The ratio of the organic organosilane is from 9 9/1 to 50 0 50 S.
- the weight average molecular weight of the copolymerized hydrolyzate is not particularly limited, but is 20 to 5 or 0,000. If the weight average molecular weight is less than 200, there is a risk of inferior separation. If the weight average molecular weight exceeds 5,000, the S may decrease.
- the calohydrophobic organosilane (C) used in this issue date has a water repellent (hydrophobic '14) collar and has two or more key atoms bonded to the alkoxyl group in the molecule. It is preferred that this silicone alkoxide is bound at least in both S ⁇ parts. Caro 7] ⁇ In the organosilane (C), it is sufficient to have two or more silicone alkoxides, and the upper limit of the number of silicone alkoxides is not particularly limited.
- either a dialkylsiloxy straight-chain part or a fluorine-containing direct odor part can be used as the water-impregnated organosilane (C).
- the dialkylsiloxy-based hydrophilic organosilane (C) has a structure represented by the general formula [2], and the length of the straight chain part is preferably such that n is 2 to 200. Les.
- n force that is, 1
- the water repellency of the heel portion is insufficient, and the effect of containing hydrous needle organosilane (C) may not be sufficiently exhibited.
- n exceeds 200, there is a tendency for compatibility with other matrix-type talents to deteriorate, which may adversely affect the transparency of the hardened male, or may cause excessive curing power S There is.
- Dialkylsiloxy-based hydrolyzable ono [, 1 [9], [1
- R 1 and R 2 are alkyl groups, and m is:! An integer of ⁇ 3, n is 2 to 200, and in the general formulas [11] and [12], n is an S3 ⁇ 4 of 2 to 200.
- the chemical formula ⁇ represented by [9] includes, for example, the chemical formula ⁇ represented by the general formula [10].
- the collar part of the fluorine-based hydrophilic organosilane (C) is formed as in -iK [3], and the collar length m is preferably 2 to 20.
- fluorinated hydrous organosilane (C) examples include chemicals represented by [13] to (; 16].
- organosilane (C) in which three or more silicon atoms having an alkoxyl group bonded to the heel portion is particularly preferred such as a compound represented by-»: [15]: [16]. That's right.
- having three or more alkoxy groups with S-bonded key atoms has an effect of making the surface harder to bind and more water repellent. You can get high.
- a matrix shape material is formed containing at least one of the hydrolyzate (A) and the copolymerized hydrolyzate (B) and 'hydrophilic organosilane (C).
- at least one of strength D7 ⁇ ? 3 ⁇ 4 (A) and copolymerized hydrolyzed glue ( ⁇ ) is not particularly limited, but the weight ratio of condensation ⁇ m calculation (at least one of (A) and (B)) Z (C) is 9 9/1 to 5 0 A force of 50 is preferable.
- the process it is preferable to perform the process after forming the neat formed on the surface of the transparent resin. »By reason, it is possible to improve Motoyanagi's « target daughter. It is preferable that the treatment is performed at 80 to: L 50 ° C for 1 to 10 minutes. Since it can be done in such a low temperature and in a short time, the substrate ⁇ is not limited as in the case of a high temperature and long time heat treatment.
- the matrix-type reward contains a carohydrous organosilane (C), and this hydrous organosilane (C) has two or more key atoms bonded with ananoloxide coordinated on the surface,
- the water-repellent group is bonded to the surface of the willow in the form of a bridge, making the surface of the cured surface water-repellent and the surface of the cured surface becoming more advanced, so that the porous pores can be reduced. Therefore, even if the operation is performed at low temperature, it is possible to suppress water 3 ⁇ 4 ⁇ inside the hard ⁇ 3 ⁇ 41 enormous volume, and the ratio of ⁇ ? Can be prevented.
- the fracture rate layer may be at least one of hollow fine particles or hardly porous particles, a hydrolyzate of (A) below, and a copolymerized hydrolyzate of (B) below. And a cured film of a coating material yarn containing the following silicone component (D):
- silicone diol (D) As a part of the Matritas-shaped material in the coating material spoiled material, the surface friction resistance of the hardened willow is reduced, and the surface is hardened. The damage can be reduced and the damage S can be increased, and the scratch resistance can be improved.
- the dimethyl type silicone diol used in the present invention is localized on an enormous surface when a grip is formed, and does not impair the enormous transparency.
- dimethyl type silicone diol has excellent compatibility with matrix-type talents, and also has matrix-type silanol groups. As is the case with ⁇ ⁇ with a silicone group that is a methyl group on both sides, it is not removed by wiping the surface of the hardened fiber. ⁇ It can be made small to maintain scratch resistance for a long time.
- the silicone diol (D) used in the present invention is a dimethyl type silicone cone represented by the general formula [4].
- the repeating number ⁇ of dimethylenosiloxane is preferably from 2 0 to 1: 100. If the ⁇ force is less than S 20, there is a risk that the effect of mimicking will not be sufficiently exhibited. If the ⁇ force S 100 is exceeded, the compatibility with other matrix-type talents will deteriorate, the transparency of the cured grip will decrease, and the unevenness of the curing shelf S may occur.
- the matrix material contains at least one of carohydrate (A) and copolymerized water willow (B), and silicone diol (D). The content of the silicone diol (D) is 1 to 10% by weight with respect to the total solid content of the coating material.
- the ffi® refractive index layer is obtained by rehydrating the following (A) hydrolyzate in a state where the following (A) hydrolyzate is mixed with medium fine particles or porous poor fine particles. It is preferable that the curing shelf of the coating material spoilage containing the hydrolyzate and the copolymerized hydrolyzate (B) below is enormous.
- (B)-Boat wipe [1] Caro water Needle-organosilane and fluorine-substituted alkyl group Caro water: Copolymerized hydrolyzate with organosilane. ,
- hydrolyzed water (A) of water-soluble organosilane and the water of copolymerization of water-containing organosilane and water-containing organic silane with fluorine-substituted alkyl group (B) are as described above. The same. .
- hydrolyzate (A) by hydrolyzing the raw water organosilane, in the present invention, it is possible to further add the hydrolyzate (A) to the mixture in a state where hollow fine particles or porous fine particles are mixed. It is possible to obtain a rehydrated product of a mixture of hollow water and porous poor fine particles.
- the force [] water ⁇ is the surface of the hollow fine particles or porous W [the surface of the particles when the water is ⁇ It becomes chemically bonded and can increase the affinity of 7 'Mm (A) over hollow or porous fine particles.
- Hollow fine particles or porous »[Hydration in a mixed state of particles is It is preferable to carry out at 2 0-30 ° C. If Si ⁇ is less than 20 ° C, the force does not advance and the effect of increasing the affinity may be insufficient. If the temperature exceeds 0 ° C, it may be too fast to secure a certain molecular weight, and the molecular weight may be too high to reduce the film strength.
- the hydrolyzate (A) After preparing the hydrolyzate (A) by hydrolyzing the hydrophilic organosilane in this way, the hydrolyzate (A) is further added in a state where the hollow microparticles or the porous microparticles are mixed to obtain a re-hydrolyzed paste.
- hydrolyzed organosilane is added in the state of mixing hollow fine particles or porous fine particles to prepare a water solution (A), and at the same time, rehydration in a state of mixing hollow fine particles or porous fine particles. You can also get firewood.
- ⁇ which has a low affinity with copolymerized hydrolyzate ( ⁇ ) is 3 ⁇ 41 years old.
- the ⁇ product ('also) is not localized in the surface layer of the male male who has been given the apology, so the direction is larger.Hardening with the copolymerized hydrolyzate ( ⁇ ) unevenly distributed on the surface layer in this way When the soot is formed, the fluorine component contained in the copolymerized hydrolyzate ( ⁇ ) is localized on the surface layer of the cured product, and the surface of the cured shelf is repelled by the localization of the fluorine component. 7
- the oil repellency can be improved, and the antifouling properties of the hardened surface can be improved.
- hollow silica fine particles can be used as the hollow fine particles or porous fine particles.
- the hollow silica fine particles are those in which cavities are formed inside the outer shell, and examples thereof include hollow silica force fine particles having cavities inside the outer shell made of an oxide-based oxide.
- Examples of Siri-force oxides include Siri-force single layers, single-layer composite oxides composed of silica and non-Siri-force inorganic oxides, and two-layer sii of Siri-force single layers and single-layer composite oxides. And so on.
- the outer shell may be porous with pores, or it may be closed with closed pores.
- the outer shell is a plurality of siri-force coatings composed of an inner first sill force coating and an outer second silica coating s. By providing the second silica force coating on the outer side, it is possible to obtain hollow silica fine particles in which the pores of the outer shell are closed and sealed, and the inner cavity is sealed with the outer shell.
- the thickness of the first silica coating is 3mm! It is preferably ⁇ 5 O nm, and more preferably 5 ⁇ 20 nm. If the thickness force of the first scillating force is less than 1 nm, it is difficult to form the vertical shape, and there is a possibility that hollow silli force fine particles cannot be obtained. In addition, when forming the second siliform force S, it may enter into the pores of force particles such as partial hydrolysis of the key compound, making it difficult to remove the core particle constituents. If the thickness of the first silica coating S1 exceeds 5 nm, the percentage force of the cavities in the hollow silica particles will decrease, and the refractive index will not be sufficiently lowered. There is.
- the thickness of the outer shell is preferably 1 Z 50-: 1 Z, with an average particle diameter.
- the thickness of the second silica skin Si! Can be scaled so that the total thickness with the first silica coating S is:! ⁇ 5 O nm. , 20 to 4 9 nm.
- the precursor material for forming the cavity may remain in the cavity.
- Precursor material may remain slightly attached to the outer shell and may occupy most of the cavity.
- the precursor material is a porous material that remains after a part of the structure is removed from the core particles for forming the first silica gel skin.
- porous composite oxide particles composed of silica and an oxide other than silica can be used.
- the ⁇ oxides for example, A 1 2 0 3, B 2 0 3, T i 0 2, Z R_ ⁇ 2, S n 0 2, C e 2 ⁇ 3, P 2 0 5, S b 2 0 3 , M o 0 3, Z N_ ⁇ 2, W0 3, T I_ ⁇ 2 - a 1 2 0 3, T I_ ⁇ 2 - etc.
- Z R_ ⁇ two can be cited.
- slanting or gas is generated. If the removal amount of the component increases at this time, the volume of the cavity increases, and the hollow silica fine particles having a low refractive index can be obtained.
- the transparent ne Lake obtained by blending the hollow silica fine particles has a refractive index of Low anti-stress performance.
- the coated yarn used in the present invention is the matrix type ⁇ ! It can be prepared by blending the talent with hollow fine particles or porous fine particles.
- the weight ratio of fine particles or porous soot particles to other components in the coating material spoiled material is as follows: hollow fine particles or porous poor $ standing / other components (solid content) 2 5 7 5-9 0 1 0 is preferred, and 3 5 6 5 to 7 5/2 5 is more preferred. If the amount of hollow fine particles or porous fine particles is less than 25/75, there is a risk that the effective power S for developing a very low refractive index will be small. When the amount of the hollow fine particles or porous fine particles exceeds 90/10, there is a risk that the number of curing arches obtained by the coating material composition will decrease.
- silica particles whose outer shell is not hollow can be added to the coating material.
- silica particles that are not hollow inside the outer shell it is possible to improve the amount of hardening formed by the coating material, and to improve surface 2 ⁇ ft and crack resistance. Can also be improved.
- the form of the silli force particles in which the inside of the outer grain is not hollow, and examples thereof include a powder form and a sol form. Siri force particles are made into a sol form, that is, colloidal silica.
- ⁇ dispersible colloidal force, SzK organic solvent dispersible colloidal silica It can be used as rusilica or the like.
- such colloidal silica contains 20 to 50% by weight of silica as a solid content, and from this value, the amount of siri force can be determined.
- the addition amount of sili force particles is preferably 0.1 to 30% by weight with respect to the total solid content in the coating waste. If the additive amount of the sili-force particles is less than 0.1% by weight based on the total amount of solids, the effects of improving mechanical bow, surface smoothness, crack resistance, etc. may not be sufficiently exhibited. . If the added amount of silli force particles exceeds 30% by weight with respect to the solid content *, it may adversely affect the increase of the refractive index of the curing shelf.
- the alkoxysilane is mixed with 7_K and the water of water and butterflies, and then hydropolymerized. Stabilized by stopping the polymerization before gelation by mixing the porous poor particles obtained by removing the solvent or alkoxysilane together with violent, 7 and water and mixing with butterflies. ⁇ average particle size obtained by removing the key from the treated organosilica sol 1 0-1 0
- At least one of 0 nm porous soot particles can be used.
- the porous intelligent particles used in the present invention can be obtained by mixing alkoxysilane with water, water and water, and polymerizing it with water and then polymerizing it.
- Drying The method is preferably supercritical drying.
- a wet gel-like product composed of a silica skeleton obtained by Karasui Hayashi and polymerization ⁇ is dispersed in a fraction such as alcohol or carbon dioxide, and the gel is kept in a supercritical state above the critical point of the summarization.
- Supercritical fibers for example, are obtained by immersing a gel-like material in liquefied carbon dioxide, and all or part of the solvent containing the gel-like strength S is less critical point force S than the solvent, and liquefied nitric acid ( ⁇ Subsequent to substitution with elemental acid, and then drying under supercritical conditions of an 11 ⁇ elemental diacid system or a mixed system of dioxygen and other elements.
- porous particles In producing porous particles, it is encouraging to impart hydrophobicity to the porous poor particles by hydrophobizing the gel-like material obtained by hydrolysis and polymerization reaction of alkoxysilane. In this way, the porous particles imparted with hydrophobicity are difficult for moisture and water to enter, and it is possible to prevent inferior performance such as refractive index and optical translucency.
- the hydrophobizing treatment can be performed before the gel-like material is subjected to boundary drying or during critical drying.
- hydrophobic treatment the hydroxyl group of silanol group on the surface of the gel is reacted with the hydrophobic treatment agent, And can be done.
- the hydrophobizing treatment a3 ⁇ 4u is dissolved in a solvent. It is possible to perform hydrophobicity by immersing the gel-like material in the soaking solution and allowing the 3 ⁇ 47-treated material ⁇ to penetrate into the j9 gel-like material by mixing or the like, and then heating as necessary. .
- Examples of the solvent used for the hydrophobization treatment include methanol, ethanol, isopropylinol alcohol, benzene, toluene, xylene, N, N-dimethylformamide, hexamethinoresinsiloxane and the like.
- the solvent for hydrophobization treatment is not limited to these, as long as it is easily dissolved and can be replaced with the solvent containing gel-like substance S before hydrophobization treatment. ,. .
- the solvent used for the hydrophobization process is, for example, methanol, ethanol, isopropinole alcohol, liquid diacid b ⁇ -element, or the like, or It is preferable that the medium be replaceable with these.
- the medium be replaceable with these.
- -Porous poor particles can also be obtained by powdering 1 "of the porous poor particles.
- the shelf is formed as an EI ⁇ P protective film. Huge SU ⁇ is 1 0
- an organosilica zonole is prepared by mixing alkoxysilane with a solvent, water, and Karo water ⁇ , and then polymerizing it.
- the solvent include alcohols such as methanol, and examples of the solvent include ammonia and the like.
- the organosilica zone is defined by males, and certain layers inhibit the growth of the silica column by stopping the polymerization by phfiS the organosilica zone.
- organosilica zonole can be stabilized.
- the first prepared organosilica sol such as ethanol, isopropyl alcohol, and aceton can be easily and uniformly formed. It is preferable to use a solvent that dissolves in at least 2 times volume.
- the soot contained in the first prepared organosilica sol is an alcohol, and the alcohol is also used as the soot ⁇ , and the alcohol having a higher carbon number than the alcohol contained in the first prepared organosol is used. I prefer it. This is because the alkono vm ⁇ S ⁇ contained in the silica sol has a high effect of suppressing hydrolysis and polymerization with the job.
- calo water ⁇ heavy ⁇ 3 ⁇ 4 butterfly is added with acid
- caro 7_K ⁇ heavy ⁇ butterfly is acid.
- Weak acidity means that it is suitable for the preparation, the amount of the solvent used, etc .:
- the force required to obtain a constant ⁇ is preferably about pH 3-4.
- ammonia was selected as the hydrolyzed rice cake:
- ⁇ organosilica sol it is preferable to add pH to 3-4 by adding sulfur ⁇ , It is preferable to adjust the pH to 3 to 4 by adding a weak alkali such as ammonium carbonate to the organosilica zonore selected.
- a weak alkali such as ammonium carbonate
- silica air mouth gel particles have a mean particle size of 10 to 100 nm. «If the average particle size is less than 10 nm, it will be mixed with the matrix-type material and the coating-type yarn! ⁇ When the product is prepared, the matrix-type material enters the silica aerobicum and dried. In Yanagimo, there is a risk that the air force geno Tachiko will no longer be porous. If the average particle diameter exceeds 1 O Onm, it may be difficult to obtain a hard and uniform surface and to reduce the surface roughness.
- silica air mouth genotype As a method for drying the organosilica zone, for example, after filling the organosilica sol in a high-pressure vessel and replacing the soot in the silica zone with liquefied dioxygen, 32 ° or more, and 3 ⁇ 4, 8 MPa or more The pressure is then adjusted to j ⁇ ffi, so that the organosilica sol is removed. Silica-air mouth geno can be obtained.
- organic silane compounds such as' hexamethinoresyl silazane and trimethinolectol silane can be added as a method for suppressing polymerization growth of organosilica sol.
- the silica air mouth genotype can be hydrophobized at the same time.
- the age and the cured willow which form a large amount as a protective film have a clear feeling, high transparency and transparency, and more preferably a haze of 0.2% or less.
- silica air mouth geno! ⁇ Tatsuko is preferably uniformly dispersed in the solvent before adding to the matrix-type material.
- an organosilica sol is prepared by mixing alkoxysilane with an alkali such as methanol, an alkali such as water, ammonia, etc., and then polymerizing it with water.
- the organosilicic sol is made a solvent, and certain layers suppress the growth of the silicic force quorum and stabilize the organosilica sol by reducing the pH of the organosilica sol. .
- This stabilized organosilica zonole is used as a silica air mouth gel separator night, matrix.
- the average particle diameter of silica aerogeno 1 in the organosilica sol is preferably 10 to: 100 nm. ⁇ If the average particle size is less than 10 nm, when mixed with the matrix-type material to prepare the coating powder, the matrix-type material enters the silli-force air mouthpiece and is dried. If it is too large, there is a possibility that the siri-force air mouthpiece will not be porous. «By making the average particle size 10 nm or more, it is possible to prevent the entry of matrix talent into the silica air mouth geno I ⁇ Tachiko. If the average particle size exceeds 100 nm, it may be difficult to form a large curing shelf and to reduce the surface roughness of the curing male.
- the content of porous poor particles consisting air inlet Genore is a 5-8 0 weight 0/0 and translated into a solid coating ⁇ min Force S, preferably 20 to 50% by weight. If the content of the porous smart particles is less than 5% by weight, the effect of reducing the enormous refractive index for the purpose of preventing Ei may not be sufficiently exhibited.
- the content of porous smart particles is 80% by weight If it exceeds the upper limit, it may be difficult to form a uniform transparent shelf.
- the content of the porous poor particles made of Aeroke Nore is 20 to 50% by weight.
- the liquid crystal display device of the present invention can be easily formed with a low refractive index and has a good low refractive index layer.
- a hardened layer with a refractive index of more than 1.60 is formed on the surface of the aged and this is used as an intermediate layer.
- a hard coating Mii can be formed by the coating.
- the cured layer for forming the intermediate layer can be formed by using a high refractive index of the material, and if the refractive index of the intermediate layer exceeds 1.60, the cured layer of the coating material is destroyed. The difference in refractive index from the above becomes large, and the prevention of excellent self-prevention performance can be obtained.
- the intermediate layer can be formed of a plurality of layers having different refractive indexes in order to alleviate the coloring of the S-preserving St-age cured.
- the maximum degree of ⁇ I ⁇ rate at an incident angle of 5 degrees on the surface of the ⁇ -index layer is 1.4% or less at a wavelength of 430 to 700 nm. It is more preferably 1.3% or less, and particularly preferably 1.1% or less.
- the power factor is preferably 0.7% or less at a wavelength of 5500 nm, more preferably 0.6% or less.
- the maximum degree of the ratio of the Alt angle of 20 ° is preferably 1.5% or less, more preferably 1.4% or less at a wavelength of 430 nm to 700 nm.
- the Sli rate at an Alt angle of 20 degrees is preferably 0.9% or less, more preferably 0.8% or less at a wavelength of 5500 nm.
- the reflectance can be measured using a spectrophotometer [manufactured by JASCO Corporation, UV-visible spectrophotometer, V-5550].
- approximately TO means that the angle between the two axes is 0 to 3 degrees, more preferably 0 to 1 degree. It means that the angle between the two axes is 8 7 to 90 degrees, more preferably 8 9 to 90 degrees. If the angle between the 3 ⁇ 41 axis of the exit side polarizer or the axis of the ⁇ !
- the uniaxial axis of the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal cell in the state where the optical anisotropic body is not applied and HE is not applied is substantially TO or substantially perpendicular.
- approximately ⁇ means that the angle between the two axes is 0 to 3 degrees, more preferably 0 to 1 degree. It means that the angle formed by the two axes is 8 7 to 90 degrees, more preferably 8 9 to 90 degrees.
- the liquid crystal display device of the present invention displays black when no voltage is applied.
- at least one of the optical anisotropic bodies includes a layer containing a material having a negative mechanical refraction, a layer containing a discotic liquid crystal molecule or a lyotropic liquid crystal molecule, or a photoisomerization substance. It is preferable that the layer of the layer containing the difference.
- a material with a negative fixation means that when light is incident on a layer in which molecules are oriented with a uniaxial property, the refractive index of light in the liff fi direction is smaller than the refractive index of light in the direction perpendicular to the orientation direction.
- materials having a negative intrinsic birefringence include vinylo aromatic polymers, polyacrylonitrile polymers, polymethacrylo! ⁇ Methyl polymers, cellulose ester polymers, and multicomponent copolymers thereof. be able to.
- a vinylo aromatic polymer, a polyacrylonitrile polymer, and a polymethyl methacrylate polymer can be suitably used, and the vinylo aromatic polymer has a high level of appearance. Therefore, it can be used particularly preferably.
- aromatic polymers examples include polystyrene, styrene, ⁇ -methylenostyrene, ⁇ -methylenostyrene, ⁇ -chlorostyrene, ⁇ -nitrostyrene, ⁇ -aminostyrene, ⁇ -vinino! ⁇ Bieno-aromatic monomers such as benzoic acid, ⁇ -phenylstyrene, ethylene, propylene, butadiene, isoprene, (meth) acrylonitrile, ⁇ — black mouth Atarilonitolinore, (meth) acrylo!
- Copolymers with other monomers such as methyl, (meth) acrylate, (meth) acrylic acid, maleic anhydride, and vinyl acetate.
- polystyrene or a copolymer of styrene and maleic anhydride can be suitably used.
- a method of stretching a film made of a polymer having a negative solid refraction is preferable. By stretching the film, the refractive index in the thickness direction of the optical anisotropic body can be controlled efficiently.
- Another film can be laminated on the film having a negative intrinsic birefringence obtained by stretching, or another film can be laminated on the polymer film having a negative solidity bending through an adhesive resin layer.
- Laminating polymer films A layer containing a material having a solid refractive power S negative can be formed by forming a multilayer structure and stretching the multilayer structure.
- a polymer film that has a low bow resistance and is difficult to stretch by war insects can be stretched, and can be stretched, including materials that have a negative strength s It is possible to stably stretch the layer without fracturing fl, and to form anomalous anisotropy that satisfies ( ⁇ n xi + ⁇ n yi ) / 2 ⁇ ⁇ n zi
- the method of stretching a polymer film having a negative intrinsic birefringence or the above multilayer structure for example, a method of uniaxially stretching in the machine direction by utilizing a difference in peripheral speed between rolls.
- Uniaxial stretching method such as uniaxial stretching method in the transverse direction using a tenter; the gap between the clips holding the film opens! ⁇ Simultaneous biaxial stretching method that stretches in the direction of the guide lenore at the same time as stretching in the direction Use the difference in the peripheral speed between the rolls,
- the biaxial stretching method such as the sequential biaxial stretching method, which is gripped by the cup and stretched in the lateral direction using a tenter; is! ⁇ It differs depending on the direction in the direction 3 ⁇ 4it feed force or bow I tension force or bow I scraping Tenter stretching to which force can be applied «Lateral or!
- the left or right boat's feed force or pulling force or pulling force can be added, and the moving rod can be the same and the stretching angle can be fixed or the moving rod can be fixed.
- a tenter stretching machine having a different angle, etc. Among these, a uniaxial stretching method can be suitably used.
- Discotic liquid crystal molecules are described in various literatures (for example, C. De sradeeta ⁇ ., ⁇ ⁇ . Cr ys r. Li q. Cr ys t., Vo l. 71, page 111 (19 81)).
- R. Benzene conductor B. Kohne et al., Ange w. Chem. 96 ⁇ , p. 70 (1984) e hn et al. ⁇ £ report, J. Chem. Commu n., 1794 (1985), J. Zhang et al. research report, J. Am. Chem. So c.
- examples of the discotic liquid crystal molecule include a compound represented by 1 [17] and a compound represented by the general formula [18]. 0
- the method of using the discotic liquid crystal molecules is preferable, and the disc surface of the discotic liquid crystal molecules is substantially set to the 3 ⁇ 4 ⁇ plane.
- Laminate vertically oriented especially preferred.
- Optically anisotropic bodies satisfying ( ⁇ n x; + ⁇ n yi ) no 2 ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ z i are efficiently formed by aligning discotic liquid crystal molecules' substantially perpendicular to the S ⁇ plane can do.
- Examples of the application of laminating discotic liquid crystal molecules include glass, films made of synthetic fats, and plate-like materials.
- the liquid crystal display device By laminating discotic liquid crystal molecules on the surface of a polarizer, an optical anisotropic body or the like used in the present invention, the liquid crystal display device can be reduced in weight, and production efficiency can be increased.
- substantially vertical alignment means that the plane of the liquid crystal molecules is aligned in the range of 60 to 90 degrees with respect to the surface.
- a coating containing discotic liquid crystal molecules or discotic liquid crystal molecules and other additives, polymerized iJ, or the like is applied on top. Applying and fixing on a vertical alignment film, and applying a coating solution on the vertical alignment film and fixing, then peeling off from the vertical alignment film and laminating on the top be able to.
- -Amides such as N, N-dimethylformamide; Sulfoxides such as dimethyl sulfoxide; Heterocyclic compounds such as pyridine; Carbohydrates such as benzene and hexane; Halides such as chloroform and methylene chloride; Acetic acid Examples include estenoles such as methylol and butyl; ketones such as acetone and methyl ethyl ketone; and ethers such as tetrahydrofuran and 1,2-dimethoxyethane.
- the coating method there are no particular limitations on the coating method, and examples thereof include an extrusion coating method, a direct daravia coating method, a reno-sdalabi coating method, and a die coating method.
- the discotic liquid crystal molecules that are self-oriented are preferred to maintain their orientation and to be fixed.
- the immobilization method include heat-combination using heat ⁇ polymerization, and photopolymerization Si ⁇ using a photopolymerization initiator. Among these, photopolymerization can be particularly preferably used.
- photopolymerization ⁇ are ⁇ -carbonyl compounds, acyloin ethers, ⁇ -carbons are substituted aromatic aromatics, polynuclear quinone compounds, tri-imidazole dimers and p-aminophenol ketones. Combined with acridine and Mention may be made of phenazine compounds, oxadiazole compounds and the like.
- a self-directed film is a film having a low surface energy force S capable of vertically aligning liquid crystal molecules, and is usually composed of a polymer.
- a polymer in which a fluorine atom or a carbon-carbon group having 10 or more carbon atoms is introduced into the side chain can be suitably used as the polymer constituting the vertical EI self-directed film.
- the carbon group can also be an alicyclic group or an aromatic group.
- the main chain of the polymer should have a polyimide structure or a polyvinyl alcohol structure.
- the degree of polymerization of the polymer is preferably 2 00 to 5 and 0 0 0, more preferably 3 0 to 3 and 0 0 0.
- the molecular weight of the polymer is preferably from 9, 0 0 to 2 0 0, 0 0 0, more preferably from 1 3, 0 0 0 to 1 3 0, 0 0 0.
- the rubbing treatment is preferably performed by rubbing the surface of the film containing the polymer several times in a certain direction with cloth, paper or the like.
- the liquid crystal molecules are fixed in the aligned state to form an optical anisotropic layer, and only the optical anisotropic layer is formed on the transparent polymer film. Can be transferred.
- the liquid crystal molecules fixed in the vertical alignment state can maintain the alignment state without the self-directing film.
- the direction in which the in-plane refractive index of the layer containing the discotic liquid crystal molecules is maximized due to the orientation of the discotic liquid crystal molecules appears in a direction substantially ⁇ if with the disc surface of the discotic liquid crystal molecules.
- a lyotopic liquid crystal molecule is a molecule that exhibits liquid crystallinity when dissolved in a specific solvent in a specific concentrated s $ g range.
- lyotropic liquid crystal molecules include high molecular weight lyotropic liquid crystal molecules formed by dissolving polymers having a main chain skeleton such as cellulose derivatives, polypeptides, and nucleic acids.
- the light-mouth pick liquid crystal molecules used in the present invention are preferably aligned in a specific direction by cutting, and it is particularly preferable that the liquid crystal molecule plane can be aligned substantially perpendicular to the plane.
- substantially perpendicularly aligned means that the plane of the liquid crystal molecules is aligned within a range of 60 to 90 degrees with respect to the facet.
- the refractive index in the thickness direction of the optical anisotropic body is controlled, and ( ⁇ n xi + ⁇ n yi ) / 2 ⁇ ⁇ n zi
- An optical anisotropic body to be filled can be formed.
- examples of the lamination of the lyotopic liquid crystal molecules include a film made of glass, synthetic resin, and the like, and a plate-like material.
- the liquid crystal display device By stacking crystal molecules on the surface of a polarizer, an optical anisotropic body or the like used in the present invention, the liquid crystal display device can be reduced in weight and inverted, and the production efficiency can be increased.
- substantially perpendicular orientation means that the plane of the liquid crystal molecules is oriented within a range of 60 to 90 degrees with respect to the 3 ⁇ 4 ⁇ plane.
- the lyotropic liquid crystal molecules used in the present invention have substantially no absorption in the visible region.
- photo-pick liquid crystal molecules include chemical formula [19], chemical formula [20], and the like.
- the layer containing the lyopore-pick liquid crystal molecules there is no particular limitation on the application of the layer containing the lyopore-pick liquid crystal molecules, and a method of aligning the lyo-pick liquid crystal molecules in the direction perpendicular to the aged surface by shearing is preferred.
- the refractive index in the thickness direction of the optically anisotropic body can be controlled efficiently by aligning the lyotopic liquid crystal molecules perpendicularly to the surface of the face.
- a method for directing the liquid crystal molecules in the lyo-mouth picking liquid crystal can be used, for example, the An example is a method in which a solution containing tropic liquid crystal molecules and an additive is applied on the St layer and fixed. In this orientation treatment, the orientation film is not used because it is excellent in production rate, can be reduced in weight, and can be reduced in thickness, can be prevented from being damaged, and can be applied with a uniform thickness. That's power.
- the organic solvent include amides such as ⁇ , ⁇ -dimethylenolenolemamide; sulfoxides such as dimethylenosulfoxide; heterocyclic compounds such as pyridine; carbons such as benzene and hexane; Halides such as methylene chloride; esters such as methinolelacetate and butyl; keto such as acetone and methylethinoleketone; ethers and les such as tetrahydrofuran and 1,2-dimethoxyethane; .
- amides such as ⁇ , ⁇ -dimethylenolenolemamide
- sulfoxides such as dimethylenosulfoxide
- heterocyclic compounds such as pyridine
- carbons such as benzene and hexane
- Halides such as methylene chloride
- esters such as methinolelacetate and butyl
- keto such as acetone and methylethinoleketone
- the concentration of the solution of the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal is not particularly limited as long as the solution exhibits liquid crystallinity, but the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal liquid in the range of 0.000 to 0.1 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the solvent.
- Power S is preferably S, more preferably 0.001 to 1 part by weight.
- Riot Mouth Pick There are no particular restrictions on the method of applying liquid crystal molecular wrinkles, such as extrusion coating, direct daravia coating, reno-sdalavier coating, and die coating.
- the immobilization method include solvent removal by drying, thermal polymerization reaction using thermal polymerization U, and photopolymerization reaction using a photopolymerization initiator.
- the in-plane refractive power S of the layer containing the lyotopic liquid crystal molecules is in the direction substantially equal to the molecular plane of the lyophobic liquid crystal molecules or substantially It appears in the direction perpendicular to
- the photoisomerizable substance is a substance that causes stereoisomerization or structural isomerization by light, and among them, a substance that causes reverse isomerization by light of different wavelengths or heat can be suitably used.
- Such materials include photochromic ⁇ ⁇ with structural isomerization and possible color change, such as azobenzene compounds, benzaldoxime compounds, azomethine.
- Photoisomerizable substances having functional groups that can be photoisomerized include low molecular weight ⁇ 1 or polymer layers. Deviations can also be used. The photoisomerism of the polymer can be changed to the side chain misalignment.
- the polymer may be either a homopolymer or a copolymer.
- the copolymer can be adjusted to a suitable comonomer / m polymerization ratio in order to adjust the light intensity, glass capacity, etc.
- the photoisomer having a functional group that can be photodifferentiated is also liquid crystallized at the same time, that is, the liquid crystal can be converted to a compound having an arm that can photoisomerize.
- the photoisomerized substance include an acrylo ⁇ esterole polymer represented by the formula [21].
- a method for forming a layer containing a photoisomerization substance there is no particular limitation on a method for forming a layer containing a photoisomerization substance.
- a surface containing a photoisomeric material is applied on the surface to form a surface, and after the process, For example, tourism should be done from the direction perpendicular to the starvation surface.
- the SHii light illumination is applied to the coating layer.
- 3 ⁇ 4 ⁇ can be used as a guideline when the residual intensity in the coating layer is less than 30% *%.
- the key to illuminating the light is depending on the amount of residual solvent.
- the glass of the photoisomerization substance is Tg (° C)
- it is preferably in the range of Tg ⁇ 50 (° C) to Tg + 30 (° C).
- the light source is not particularly limited, and examples include a ⁇ silver lamp and a halogen lamp.
- the direction in which the in-plane refractive index of the layer containing the photoisomer is maximized appears in a direction substantially perpendicular to the polarization axis of the irradiated light.
- an optical anisotropic body satisfying ( ⁇ n xi + ⁇ n yi ) / 2 ⁇ ⁇ n zi can be formed efficiently.
- glass a compound
- the liquid crystal display device can be reduced in weight and thickness, and the production efficiency can be increased.
- soot containing the photoisomerized substance there are no particular restrictions on the use of the soot containing the photoisomerized substance, and examples thereof include methanol, methyles acetone chloride, and methyl ethyl ketone.
- concentration of sputum Is not particularly limited and may be suitable length such that the viscosity suitable for coating, it is preferable usually is 1-5 0 weight 0/0.
- application method for the night of the night and it can be applied using, for example, a noco coater or a ronor coater.
- IPS plane switching
- liquid crystal molecules that are homogeneously aligned in the horizontal direction, and the 3 ⁇ 4i-axis point vertically and horizontally with respect to the front of the screen.
- Two polarizers in a positional relationship are used. Therefore, when viewing obliquely from the top, bottom, left, and right directions, the two 3 ⁇ 4i axes are in a positional relationship where they appear to be orthogonal, and the homogenous alignment liquid crystal layer has little birefringence that occurs in the twisted mode Kf night crystal layer. Therefore, sufficient contrast can be obtained.
- Fig. 2, Fig. 3, Fig. 4, and Fig. 5 are diagrams showing four examples of the configuration of the liquid crystal display device of the present invention.
- the liquid crystal display device includes a side polarizer plate 1, a liquid crystal senor 2, an optical anisotropic body 3, an optical anisotropic body 4, and an output side polarizing plate 5.
- Fig. 6 and Fig. 7 are illustrations showing two examples of the configuration of a conventional liquid crystal display device.
- the polarizer to be used is not particularly limited.
- a vinyl or a dichroic dye composed of a vinyl alcohol polymer such as polyvinyl alcohol or partially honolemarized polyvinyl alcohol is used.
- a polarizer that can be dyed with a dichroic material such as dichroic, stretched, cross-linked, etc., and light is emitted when the natural light is “Altt”.
- the thickness of the polarizer In general, it is preferable to use those having a ttJ value of 5 to 80 ⁇ .
- a polarizer usually has a protective film on both sides and is used as a bias.
- As a protective film for the polarizer it has excellent transparency, mechanical bow, thermal stability, 7_
- a film made of mer can be suitably used.
- polymers include polymers having alicyclic 53 ⁇ 4 ⁇ $, polyolefins, polycarbonates, polyethylene terephthalates, polyvinyl chlorides, polystyrenes, polyacrylonitrinoles, polysulfones, polyethersulfones, polyarylates, Examples include triacetinolulose, (meth) atalinoleic acid ester-binino fragrance compound copolymer, and the like.
- the optical anisotropic body can be used as a protective film for the polarizer because the optical anisotropic body is in contact with the polarizer force S (the optical anisotropic body is a protective film for the polarizer). Can also serve). By also serving as a protective film for the optical anisotropic power polarizer, the liquid crystal display device can be made thinner.
- Examples of the polymer having an alicyclic structure that is preferably used as a protective film type material include, for example, a norbornene-based polymer, a cyclic olefin-based polymer, a vinyl alicyclic polymer, and a hydrogenated calorie of these polymers. Things can be mentioned. Among these, norbornolene-based polymers can be suitably used because they have good transparency and growth.
- Examples of the norbornene-based polymer include a ring-opening polymer of a norbornene-based monomer, a ring-opening copolymer of a norbornene-based monomer and another monomer, and a hydrogenated carotenate of these polymers, Examples include addition polymers of norbornene monomers, addition copolymers of nonolebornene monomers with other monomers, and hydrogenated products of these polymers. Among these, a hydrogenated product of a norporenene monomer polymer or a co-child compound is excellent in transparency and can be used particularly suitably.
- the optical anisotropic body has a structure in contact with the polarizer force S, and the optical anisotropic body also serves as a protective film for the polarizer.
- the optical anisotropic body and the polarizer are adhesive, adhesive, etc. It can be attached by using any of these adhesive means.
- the adhesive or occlusive agent include adhesives such as attalinole, silicone, polyester, polyurethane, polyetherol, and rubber, and tt adhesive.
- acrylic adhesives or occupants can be used favorably because of their high heat resistance and good transparency and transparency.
- Laminating optical anisotropic bodies and polarizers There is no limitation, and for example, optical anisotropic bodies and mi photons can be cut out to a predetermined size and stacked, or a long optical anisotropic body and a polarizer can be stacked with a Ronole roll. You can also.
- liquid crystal display device of the present invention for example, one or more layers such as a prism array sheet, a lens array sheet, a light diffusing plate, a backlight, and a brightness enhancement film are placed at appropriate positions. can do.
- a cold Ptffi tube, a mercury flat lamp, a light emitting diode, an electroluminescent device, or the like can be used as a backlight.
- the display was displayed in black, and the display characteristics from the front direction and the oblique direction within a polar angle of 80 degrees were visually observed.
- a spectrophotometer (Nippon Spectral Nering, Ultraviolet Visible Spectrophotometer, V-570) was used, and the SI spectrum was measured at an Alt angle of 5 degrees to determine the rate at a wavelength of 550 nm.
- the surface was reciprocated 10 times while applying a load of 0.025 MPa to Steel Wool # 0000, and the surface condition after the heel was visually observed, and the following two stages were stated.
- a liquid crystal display panel was installed at a brightness of 100Norex ⁇ , and the color was observed visually.
- a gel permeation chromatograph sone ⁇ $, HLC8020] was prepared with a test plate and standard polystyrene, and measured as a threshold value.
- Norbornene polymer [Japanese Zeon'ne ⁇ 3 ⁇ 4, Zeonoa 1020, glass Susumu 105 ° C] consisting of (1) layer, a styrene one maleic anhydride copolymer [the glass 130 ° C, Oli Goma content 3 wt 0/0] It has [3] layers consisting of [2] layers and a modified ethylene-l-vinyl chloride copolymer [Bicat softening point 55 ° C], [1] layers (38 xm) — [3] layers (10 m) One [2] layer (76 / m)-[3] Layer ( ⁇ ⁇ ) — [1] Layer (38 ⁇ ) A stretched laminate was obtained by coextrusion.
- the unstretched shoulder obtained was stretched uniaxially with a tenter at S3 ⁇ 4134 ° C, magnification 1.7 times, stretched 3 ⁇ 43 ⁇ 412% min, and the long optically anisotropic film with the axis in the longitudinal direction of the film.
- Got B 1 The unstretched shoulder obtained was stretched uniaxially with a tenter at S3 ⁇ 4134 ° C, magnification 1.7 times, stretched 3 ⁇ 43 ⁇ 412% min, and the long optically anisotropic film with the axis in the longitudinal direction of the film.
- the modified polyvinyl alcohol having the structure represented by the chemical formula [22] was rapidly dissolved in a mixed vigorous methanol (aceton) (volume ratio 50:50) to prepare an intense night with a concentration of 5% by weight.
- aceton volume ratio 50:50
- a bar coater apply this cocoon to a 40 cm long and 30 cm wide light sleeper glass support at a thickness of about .1 ⁇ , dry with warm air at 60 ° C for 2 minutes, The surface was rubbed to form a hanging ES film.
- an ultraviolet ray was irradiated for 1 second with a mercury lamp having an illuminance of 500 W / cm 2 to polymerize, and an optically anisotropic film C1 was obtained.
- the discotic liquid crystal molecules were homogeneously aligned so as to have a slow axis in the lateral direction of the optically-clear glass substrate.
- the modified polyvinyl alcohol having the structure represented by the chemical formula [22] was dissolved in a mixture of methanol and aceton (volume ratio 50:50) to prepare a soot having a concentration of 5% by weight.
- This wrinkle was applied to the above unstretched film at a thickness of about 1 xtn, wrinkled at 60 ° C for 2 minutes, and rubbed on the surface to form a vertical alignment film.
- a discotic liquid crystal having a structure represented by the following formula [24] is formed on the formed self-rotating film: 22.3 weight 0 cell mouth sulfate butyrate 0.7 weight 0 modified trimethylol proton Toriakurireto 3.2 weight 0 I Zo ⁇ IJ 0.4 wt 0 I photopolymerization open 1 ⁇ 23 ⁇ 4IJ 1.
- the discotic liquid crystal molecules were homogeneously aligned so as to have a slow axis in the longitudinal direction of the optical anisotropic film D1.
- the 40 weight 0 I methyl isobutyl ketone ⁇ of), the weight pentoxide antimony 3 ⁇ 4 particles 50 weight 0/0 of the hard coat Ichito layer form drama coating solution total solids The mixture was mixed at a ratio to prepare HI, which was used for forming a single coat layer.
- 5 5 methanol parts 3 5 6 parts by weight, and 0.06 5 mol ZL hydrochloric acid 3 6 parts by weight (“H 2 0” Z “OR” 0.5 )
- H 2 0” Z “OR” 0.5
- This mixture was won in a constant temperature bath at 25 ° C for 2 hours to obtain a silicone hydrolyzate (A) with a weight average molecular weight adjusted to 8500 as a matrix form (condensation ⁇ ! Atsushi solids 1 0 weight 0/0) 0
- isopropyl alcohol zonole of hollow silica as hollow silica fine particles [Square-Chemical Formation Ring, Average Primary Depth 6 O nm, Outer! :.. About 1 0 nm, added solid 2 0 weight 0/0] in shea recone hydrolytic counsel (A), hollow silica fine particles Z hydro (A) (Chijimigoka ⁇ ) weight on solids Blended so that the ratio is 60 Z40, then isopropinolic alcohol Z ⁇ butyl Z butino so that the total solid content is 1% by weight!
- ⁇ Mix the sorb solution (5% by weight of the total amount of the subsequent solution is butyl acetate and 2% by weight of the total solution is a pre-mixed night so that the butinorece sorb is dissolved).
- a solution obtained by diluting Noresilicone di-norole (n 2 5 0) with ethyl acetate to a solid content of 1% by weight is obtained as a solid of hollow silica fine particles and hydrolyzed angle ⁇ (A) (condensed ⁇ ⁇ ).
- the low refractive index layer-forming yarn L 2 was prepared by adding so that the solid content of dimethyl silicone diol was 2% by weight with respect to the sum of the minutes.
- Mesuryo condensation compound ⁇ solids 1 0 wt
- hollow silica fine particles are dispersed in isopropyl alcohol dispersed in hollow silica.
- Rehydrolyzed ⁇ (including hollow silica fine particles) and copolymerized hydrolyzate (B) were blended so that rehydrated glue Z copolymerized hydrolyzed ⁇ (B) was 80Z20 on the solids basis.
- total solids There 5% by weight Hokusatsu butyl in the total amount of 1 wt 0 / o I isopropyl so that alcohol Z butyl acetate Z Buchino port cellosolve mixture (after ⁇ reservoir night, 2 weight 0/0 in the total amount Buchino
- a low-refractive-index layer-forming yarn L 4 was prepared by measuring with a koji, which was mixed in advance so as to be an Hr mouth solv.
- a tetragonal silane, methanol, 7 and 28% by weight ammonia water were mixed in a ratio of 470: 812: 248: 6 in parts by weight, respectively, and a midnight was prepared for 1 minute. After that, add 20 parts by weight of hexamethinoresilesilazane to 100 parts by weight of the night, and then stop the polymerization before gelation by doubling the volume with isopropylpropenole alcohol.
- an organosilica sol having a porous silica particle average particle diameter: 50 nm).
- isopropyl alcohol dispersion sol of hollow silica as hollow silica fine particles [corner Overload formed industrial Personal Protection for First Aid or Rescue Personnel, average primary ⁇ Ko about 60 nm, outer ⁇ ?: about 10 nm, solid content 20 wt 0/0] shea recone
- hollow silica fine particles Z porous particles Z matrix-type material (condensation ⁇ ! Rise) is blended so that the weight ratio is 30 / 10Z60 based on solid content.
- Triacetino roll film [Koni Minoretane ⁇ , KC 8UX 2M] was coated with 25 mLZm 2 of 1.5 mol / L isopropyl alcohol dihydride of hydroxylated power and dried at 25 for 5 seconds. Next! The film surface was dried for 10 seconds with /, and blown with air at 25 ° C. In this way, only one surface of the triacetyl cellulose film was saponified.
- the surface of the saponified film is overlapped with one side of the polarizer obtained in Production Example 14, and a polyvinyl alcohol-based adhesive is used, and the shell is entrapped by the Rohnotreux method.
- a polarizer P was obtained by laminating a Liacetino M-Rulose film on the ⁇ side of the film.
- Production Example 16 (Polarizing plate with low refractive index layer (TAC fine label)
- the yarn tie H 1 for forming a single coat layer obtained in Production Example 6 was applied to the surface of the ffJtSSt off-film coated with a die coater at 80 ° C. It was dried in a drying oven for 5 minutes to obtain a shelf. Thereafter, ultraviolet rays were applied (accumulated dose SOOmjZcm 2 ) to form a hard coat layer having a thickness of 5 ⁇ , and a laminated film 1 mm was obtained.
- the refractive index of the coating layer was 1.62, and the && brush hardness was 2H.
- Norbornene-based polymer [Nippon Zeonone Ring, Zeonor 1420 R, Glass Fiber 136 ° C]
- a long unstretched Finolem having a thickness of 100 im was obtained by extrusion molding.
- the obtained unstretched film is subjected to corona treatment using a high-frequency wave detection [Kasuga Ring, high-frequency flMAG I-024, output 0 ⁇ 8KW], and an inferior film with a surface 3 ⁇ 4 ⁇ of 0.072 NZm. Obtained.
- the hard coat layer forming yarn HI obtained in the product line 6 was applied to one side of the wake-up film using a die coater, and placed in an oven at 80 ° C for 5 minutes. I got a huge amount. Furthermore, ultraviolet rays were applied (accumulated dose: 3 ° Om J / cm 2 ) to form a hard coat layer with a thickness of 5 / im to obtain a laminated film 1B.
- the refractive index of the first coat layer was 1.62, and the pencil hardness was H.
- a low refractive index layer forming group obtained by ⁇ J9 ' was applied using a wire bar coater, allowed to stand for 1 day and allowed to drip, and the resulting retention was treated at 120 ° C. for 10 minutes in a damp atmosphere, A low refractive index layer with a thickness of 100 nm was formed, and a low refractive index layer (COPS ⁇ ) was obtained.
- the resulting low refractive index layer with a low refractive index layer (CO PSW) is laminated with a low refractive index layer force, and the surface on the side overlaps one side of the polarizer obtained in Production Example 14
- an acrylic adhesive was used and shelled together by a roll-toe mouth method to obtain a polarizing plate with a low refractive index layer (TAC fine 2C.
- Example 1 Liquid crystal display device 1 so-called.
- optically anisotropic film B1 obtained in Production 2 and the liquid crystal cell and the optically anisotropic Finolem A1 obtained in Production Example 1 were combined with the evacuation axis of the optically anisotropic film B1 and the liquid crystal cell. Stacked in this order so that the evacuation axis is vertical when no voltage is applied, and when HE is not applied to the liquid crystal cell; the optical axis is parallel to the axis of the optical anisotropic film A1. He was superior to body 1.
- the first direction is 0 ⁇ 9 9, and the third direction is 1.0 3. .
- the polarizer P obtained in Remanufactured 15 is made with the absorption axis of the polarizer P and the evacuation axis of the optical anisotropic film B 1 being TO, and the force f protective film is laminated. Then, the laminate was laminated with the optical laminate 1 so that the surface and the surface were in contact with the optical anisotropic film B 1.
- the optical axis of the optical column is such that the non-laminated surface of the 2 A low refractive index layer is in contact with the optical anisotropic film A 1.
- the liquid crystal display device 1 was covered with the body 1 and laminated. When the display characteristics of the obtained liquid crystal display device were evaluated visually, the display screen looked good and homogeneous, both from the front and from the oblique direction within a polar angle of 80 degrees. Table 1 shows the gratitude results.
- Example 2 (of liquid crystal display device 2
- a liquid crystal display device 2 was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that a polarizing plate with a refractive index layer (TA CSt) 2 B was used. Table 2 shows the surface results of the liquid crystal display device 2 obtained.
- Example 3 (Production of liquid crystal display device 3)
- Example 1 a polarizing plate with a low refractive index layer (TAC) 2 A was used instead of the polarizing plate with a low refractive index layer (COP) 2 C obtained in f row 17 Otherwise, a liquid crystal display device 3 was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1. The surface results of the obtained liquid crystal display device 3 are shown in Table 1.
- TAC low refractive index layer
- COP low refractive index layer
- Example 4 (Fine liquid crystal display device 4-production example 16 in place of low-refractive-index layer-shaped splinter L 1 instead of low-refractive-index layer formed yarn 1) Other than using L4, a polarizing plate with a low refractive index layer ( ⁇ ACSW) 2 D was obtained in the same manner as in Production 16.
- Example 1 instead of the polarizing plate with a low refractive index layer (TAC substrate) 2 A, this polarizing plate with a low refractive index layer (TAC 3) was used.
- the liquid crystal display device 4 was displayed in the same manner as described above. Table 1 shows the results of the draft for the liquid crystal display device 4 obtained.
- Example 5 (Preparation of liquid crystal display device 5)-'.
- a low refractive index layer-attached deflection example (TAC 3 ° T) 2 E was obtained in the same manner as the steelmaking row 16.
- Example 1 In place of the polarizing plate with a low refractive index layer (T ACSW) 2 A in Example 1, this polarizing plate with a low refractive index layer (TA CSW) 2 E was used, and was the same as in Example 1.
- the liquid crystal display device 5 was prepared by the method. Table 1 shows the speech results of the obtained liquid crystal display device 5.
- Example 6 (Details of liquid crystal display device 6)
- Example 7 Liquid crystal display device 7
- optical anisotropic film D 1 obtained in Production Example 4 and the optical anisotropic film C 1 obtained in Production Example 3 and the night crystal cell are connected to the axis of the optical anisotropic film D 1 and the optical anisotropic film.
- the optical axis of 1 was ⁇ ⁇ , and the protective film strength S was laminated with the optical laminate 2 so that the non-laminated surface was in contact with the optical anisotropic film D1.
- the polarizing plate with a refractive index layer (TAC) 2 A obtained in the production line 16 is used, and the absorption axis of the refractive index layer (TAC) 2 A and the optical anisotropic film C 1
- the polarizing axis with a low refractive index layer (TAC agility) 2 A low refractive index layer force S The non-laminated surface is in contact with the optical anisotropic film C 1
- Table 1 shows the language results of the liquid crystal display device 7 obtained.
- -Example 8 Liquid crystal display device 8 ⁇
- a polarizing plate with a low refractive index layer in Example 7 (TAC) 2 A instead of 2 A, a polarizing plate with a low refractive index layer (COP) obtained in Production Example 17 was used.
- a liquid crystal display device 8 was connected in the same manner as in Example 7. The evaluation results of the obtained liquid crystal display device 8 are shown in Table 1.
- the optical anisotropic film E 1 obtained in the liquid crystal cell and array 5 is laminated so that the force axis is perpendicular to the axis of the liquid crystal cell when no voltage is applied and the axis of the optical anisotropic film ⁇ 1.
- the letter pattern R 0 is 14 9 nm, and the letter when the incident angle is 40 degrees.
- the foundation was 1 67 nm in the ⁇ direction and 1 29 nm in the / 3 direction.
- RR 0 is ⁇ direction force S i. 1 2 and / 3 direction is 0.87.
- the polarizer ⁇ obtained in the product line 15 is aligned with the absorption axis of the polarizer ⁇ and the latch axis when the liquid crystal cell is not applied, Then, the optical layer 3 was laminated so that the surface was in contact with the liquid crystal cell.
- a polarizing plate with a low refractive index layer (TAC) 2 A obtained in Production Example 16 was used as a Attached deviation (TAC aggression) 2 A absorption axis is perpendicular to the optically anisotropic film, and the evacuation axis of the film E 1 is perpendicular to the polarizing plate with a refractive index layer (TAC agility) Refractive index layer force S
- the liquid crystal display device 9 was laminated with the optical layer 3 so that the non-laminated surface was in contact with the optical anisotropic film E 1.
- Comparative Example 2 Liquid crystal display device 10 0-
- the vertical axis of the optical anisotropic film E 1 and the vertical axis of the liquid crystal cell when no voltage is applied are perpendicular to each other, and the vertical axis of the liquid crystal cell when no voltage is applied and another optical anisotropic film
- the optical layer body 4 was formed by stacking in this order so that the axis of E 1;
- ⁇ polarizing plate with a low refractive index layer (TACSt) 2 A obtained in Row 16
- TACS ⁇ low refractive index layer
- the axis is perpendicular, and the polarizing plate with ⁇ -fold ratio layer (TACS ⁇ -) 2 A surface of the non-folded layer of A is in contact with the optical anisotropic film E 1
- the optical layer 4 was laminated to obtain a night-light display device 10.
- Example 1 A polarizing plate with a low refractive index layer in Example 1 (TACSI age) Instead of 2 mm, a liquid crystal was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the laminated film 1 mm obtained in Production Example 16 was used. Display 1 1 was turned on. Table 2 shows the results of the liquid crystal display device 11 obtained. Comparative Example 4 (the so-called.
- the low refractive index layered dramatic yarn L 7 obtained in Production Example 1 3 was used, except for the row 1 A polarizing plate with a low refractive index layer (TAC) 2 G was obtained in the same manner as in 6.
- TAC low refractive index layer
- Example 1 polarized light with a low refractive index layer in Example 1: (TAC substrate) 2 A In place of 2 A, this polarizing plate with a low refractive index layer (TA age) 2 G was used.
- a liquid crystal display device 12 was prepared in the same manner as described above. Table 2 shows the results of the liquid crystal display devices obtained.
- R 40 a direction 0.99 0.99 0.98 0.98 Ro ⁇ direction, 1.03 1.03 1.03 1.03 Coat layer 1.62 1.62 1.62 1.62 Refractive index
- 1 ⁇ / R 0 in the ⁇ direction is 1. 1 2 and 1 in the J3 direction.
- the liquid crystal display device of Comparative Example 1 having a force S of 0.87 has poor visual characteristics and a low trust ratio.
- the liquid crystal display device of Comparative Example 2 having R 4o / R 0 force s 0.70 in three directions also has poor visual characteristics 14 and a low contrast ratio.
- the liquid crystal display device of Comparative Example 3 which has a refractive index layer on the view side from the protective film surface of the output side polarizer has a low contrast ratio, a high rate, and visibility and scratch resistance. It is bad.
- the liquid crystal display device of Comparative Example 4 in which the refractive index of the refractive index layer is 1.40 is The contrast ratio is small, glare and reflections are slightly visible, and visibility is poor. Industrial applicability
- the liquid crystal display device of the present invention has excellent anti-excitation and blocking properties, prevents deterioration of contrast when viewed from an oblique direction without deteriorating image characteristics from the front direction, and from which direction Even when viewed, the black display quality is good, and it has a uniform and high contrast.
- the liquid crystal display device of the present invention is particularly suitable for a large flat panel display.
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Nonlinear Science (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Mathematical Physics (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Geometry (AREA)
- Polarising Elements (AREA)
- Liquid Crystal (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Surface Treatment Of Optical Elements (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP05822792A EP1845406A4 (en) | 2004-12-24 | 2005-12-26 | LIQUID CRYSTAL DISPLAY DEVICE |
JP2006549094A JP4857124B2 (ja) | 2004-12-24 | 2005-12-26 | 液晶表示装置 |
US11/793,382 US7964251B2 (en) | 2004-12-24 | 2005-12-26 | Liquid crystal display device |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2004374923 | 2004-12-24 | ||
JP2004-374923 | 2004-12-24 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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WO2006068331A1 true WO2006068331A1 (ja) | 2006-06-29 |
Family
ID=36601899
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/JP2005/024215 WO2006068331A1 (ja) | 2004-12-24 | 2005-12-26 | 液晶表示装置 |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US7964251B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1845406A4 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP4857124B2 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR20070100753A (ja) |
CN (1) | CN100526950C (ja) |
TW (1) | TW200630716A (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2006068331A1 (ja) |
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US8263029B2 (en) * | 2008-08-25 | 2012-09-11 | Kent State University | Method for preparing anisotropic particles and devices thereof |
WO2014157251A1 (ja) * | 2013-03-29 | 2014-10-02 | Jx日鉱日石エネルギー株式会社 | 光学フィルム、偏光板、画像表示装置及び光学フィルムの製造方法 |
WO2016051750A1 (ja) * | 2014-09-30 | 2016-04-07 | 日本板硝子株式会社 | 低反射コーティング、ガラス板、ガラス基板、及び光電変換装置 |
JPWO2016051750A1 (ja) * | 2014-09-30 | 2017-08-31 | 日本板硝子株式会社 | 低反射コーティング、ガラス板、ガラス基板、及び光電変換装置 |
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JPWO2018070300A1 (ja) * | 2016-10-11 | 2019-07-25 | 株式会社ダイセル | 反射防止材 |
JP7481802B2 (ja) | 2016-10-11 | 2024-05-13 | 株式会社ダイセル | 反射防止材 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JPWO2006068331A1 (ja) | 2008-06-12 |
JP4857124B2 (ja) | 2012-01-18 |
CN101128769A (zh) | 2008-02-20 |
US20080094326A1 (en) | 2008-04-24 |
CN100526950C (zh) | 2009-08-12 |
US7964251B2 (en) | 2011-06-21 |
TW200630716A (en) | 2006-09-01 |
KR20070100753A (ko) | 2007-10-11 |
EP1845406A1 (en) | 2007-10-17 |
EP1845406A4 (en) | 2009-11-04 |
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