Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
  • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
  • B29B17/00—Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics
  • B29B17/04—Disintegrating plastics, e.g. by milling
  • B29B17/0412—Disintegrating plastics, e.g. by milling to large particles, e.g. beads, granules, flakes, slices
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
  • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
  • B29B17/00—Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics
  • B29B17/02—Separating plastics from other materials
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
  • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
  • B29B17/00—Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics
  • B29B17/02—Separating plastics from other materials
  • B29B2017/0213—Specific separating techniques
  • B29B2017/0217—Mechanical separating techniques; devices therefor
  • B29B2017/0227—Vibratory or shaking tables
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
  • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
  • B29B17/00—Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics
  • B29B17/02—Separating plastics from other materials
  • B29B2017/0213—Specific separating techniques
  • B29B2017/0217—Mechanical separating techniques; devices therefor
  • B29B2017/0231—Centrifugating, cyclones
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
  • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
  • B29B17/00—Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics
  • B29B17/02—Separating plastics from other materials
  • B29B2017/0213—Specific separating techniques
  • B29B2017/0268—Separation of metals
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
  • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
  • B29B17/00—Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics
  • B29B17/04—Disintegrating plastics, e.g. by milling
  • B29B2017/0424—Specific disintegrating techniques; devices therefor
  • B29B2017/0476—Cutting or tearing members, e.g. spiked or toothed cylinders or intermeshing rollers
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
  • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
  • B29K2105/00—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped
  • B29K2105/06—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped containing reinforcements, fillers or inserts
  • B29K2105/065—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped containing reinforcements, fillers or inserts containing impurities
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
  • B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
  • B29L2031/00—Other particular articles
  • B29L2031/712—Containers; Packaging elements or accessories, Packages
  • B29L2031/7158—Bottles
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
  • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
  • Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
  • Y02W30/52—Mechanical processing of waste for the recovery of materials, e.g. crushing, shredding, separation or disassembly
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
  • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
  • Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
  • Y02W30/62—Plastics recycling; Rubber recycling

Definitions

• the invention relates to a method and installation for recycling used plastic packages, particularly plastic bottles, containers, pieces of pipes, etc., which contain liquid oil residues.
• the initial material in the form of oil- contaminated plastic wastes packed in bales is fed to and transported through a metal seeker and, if presence of metal ingredients is found, transportation is interrupted. Then wastes containing metal ingredients are removed.
• the material cleaned is milled preliminarily, and then the milled substance is fed for secondary fine grinding.
• the ground material is homogenized and fed for rinsing with intensive agitation into a counter-flow of rinsing liquid, after which used rinsing liquid and foam are removed from the upper part of the mixture. It follows drying of the material up to 7 - 10 % of humidity and removing the ingredients out of it by agitating uniformly until the various ingredients are distributed in height depending on their specific weight.
• the layer of cleaned plastic material comes to the surface in the form of homogenous polymer.
• This layer is separated and additionally dried.
• the remaining settled mixture is fed for additional multiple processing and cleaning in an analogous way.
• the cleaned material in the form of ground grains of polyethylene, polystyrene or any other polymer is dried and stored for future utilization.
• the known installation consists of connected horizontal and inclined conveyors, preliminary mill, second inclined conveyor, fine-grinding mill, pneumatic conveyor, rinsing station with averaging bunker, said station including also a screw conveyor to an ingredient-separating station, after which a dewatering tank and bunker collector are located.
• the feeding bunker is situated before the horizontal conveyor at which there is a metal seeker.
• the task of the invention consists in creating a method and installation for recycling used plastic packages, providing the purification of obtained plastic raw material not only regarding oil contaminators, but also with respect to other chemical agents.
• This task is solved by creating a method of recycling used oil-contaminated plastic packages; said method involving the feed and transportation of packages one by one through a metal seeker, where, if presence of metal ingredients in any package is found, transportation is interrupted and the package in which metal ingredients are found is removed. Then, at certain later stage, packages are milled to ground pieces of size 5 to 15 mm. Immediately after removing the packages with metal ingredients, the remaining oil-contaminated packages are positioned with their mouth pointing downwards and subject to gravitation-shaking vibrations with frequency 50 to 150 Hz for 0.5 to 2.5 h, and after that the shook-off packages are subject to milling. The ground pieces obtained are centrifuged in passage with 1500 to 3000 r.p.m. for separating other mechanical ingredients and present oil residues, at which oil separated by shaking off and centrifuging is collected in appropriate containers for following utilization, and the ground pieces are granulated.
• the gravitation-shaking vibrations it may be performed additional heating of the oil in packages up to 40 to 80 0 C. It is possible to heat up additionally the space in which the gravitation- shaking vibrations are carried out.
• An installation realizing the method of recycling used oil-contaminated plastic packages is created; said installation consisting of an input conveyor passing through a metal detector and also of a grinding mill and second inclined conveyor entering the grinding mill as well as of a first screw conveyor to an ingredient-separating station and a bunker collector.
• the ingredient-separating station is a passage centrifuge for separating mechanical ingredients and oil residues.
• a separator of packages containing metal ingredients is situated in a suitable manner next to the input conveyor immediately after the metal detector.
• first oil pipe with an inlet filter from a bath and second oil pipe with an inlet filter from a bath it is connected to an oil pump; said oil pump being connected through an oil pipe to a tank for collecting the separated oil.
• the belt of the inclined conveyor is divided into receiving seats.
• a tipper is located in the area of transferring the packages from the chain conveyor to the inclined conveyor.
• a synchronizer is connected to the control of the motor of the chain conveyor and to the motor of the inclined conveyor.
• a heater is located in the first bath and has a heating zone in which the chain conveyor is located along with the packages placed on it.
• a thermo-insulating cover is intended for closing the heating zone from above. The heater may be situated on the bottom side of the cover and distributed in the space above the motion line of the chain conveyor.
• the pillars may be hollow and connected from below to a common flexible conduit; said conduit being connected through another flexible conduit to a source of hot air.
• the hollow pillars may be foldable, and each of said pillars may be equipped with a closing cock at its inlet from the common flexible air conduit.
• the advantages of the invention consist in rendering harmless the hazardous wastes of plastic packages containing residues of motor oils, without transforming these into new hazardous waste. Moreover, classical machines and equipment are used and the method and installation for oil removing and recycling of used packages are themselves a non-waste technology producing polymer granulate and motor oil.
• Fig. 1 is a line diagram of the installation seen from above;
• Fig. 2 is a section along AA of the installation in Fig. 1 with solid pillars;
• Fig. 3 is a section along AA of the installation in Fig. 1 with hollow pillars;
• Fig. 4 is a section along BB of the installation in Fig. 1;
• Fig. 5 shows the hollow foldable pillars 26 in spread-out and folded positions.
• the installation shown in the figures, which is intended for recycling used oil-contaminated plastic packages consists of an input conveyor 1, passing through a metal detector 2, and also of a grinding mill 11 and second inclined conveyor 6 entering the grinding mill 11 as well as of a first screw conveyor 13 to an ingredient-separating station 14 and a bunker collector 16.
• the ingredient- separating station 14 is a passage centrifuge for separating mechanical ingredients and oil residues.
• a separator 28 of packages 29 containing metal ingredients is situated in a suitable manner next to the input conveyor 1 immediately after the metal detector 2.
• a tipper 38 is located above the beginning of the second inclined conveyer 6.
• the outlet of the grinding mill 11 is situated above the beginning of the first screw conveyor 13 with a screen-like bottom above a small oil bath 12.
• first oil pipe 8' with an inlet filter 33 from a bath 3 and second oil pipe 8" with an inlet filter 34 from a bath 12 it is connected to an oil pump 9, which is connected through an oil pipe 32 to a tank 10 for collecting the separated oil.
• the belt of the inclined conveyor 6 is divided into receiving seats 35.
• a tipper 36 is located in the area of transferring the packages 29 from the chain conveyor 27 to the inclined conveyor 5.
• a synchronizer 38 is connected to the control of the motor 30 of the chain conveyor 27 and to the motor 39 of the inclined conveyor 6.
• a heater 4 is located in the first bath 3 and has a heating zone in which the chain conveyor 27 is located along with the packages 29 placed on it.
• a thermo-insulating cover 40 is intended for closing the heating zone from above.
• the heater 4 may be situated on the bottom side of the cover 40 and distributed in the space above the motion line of the chain conveyor 27 (not shown in the figure).
• the pillars 26 may be hollow (Fig. 3) and connected from below to a common flexible conduit 41, which is connected through another flexible conduit 42 to a source of hot air 43.
• the hollow pillars 26 may be foldable (Fig. 5), and each of them may be equipped with a closing cock at its inlet from the common flexible air conduit 41. OPERATION OF THE INVENTION
• the installation depicted in figures and embodying the method operates in the following manner:
• the used packages 29 are placed on the conveyor belt 1 with which they pass through a metal detector 2 and device for separating the packages 29 with metal ingredients 28 that removes these packages.
• Remaining used packages 29 are placed with their mouth downwards on pillars 26 on the chain conveyor 27 driven by the motor 30 by means of the driving chain 31 and vertical carrying axes 24.
• the permanent vibrations of platform 25 on springs 23 and carrying body 22 with the anti-vibration foundation 21 make it possible to shake off the contaminators - residues of liquid oils that are drained into the bath 3.
• the length of chain conveyor 27 is sufficient for providing the necessary productivity rate. Pillars 26 are located at a distance from one another, which allows placing contaminated packages having various sizes.
• pillars 26 When pillars 26 are foldable, some of them can be folded, for instance every second pillar, and this permits placing packages 29 of larger transversal size on remaining spread-out pillars 26.
• a pillar 26 When a pillar 26 is folded, its closing cock closes the inlet from the common flexible air conduit 41, thus preventing the unnecessary consumption of hot air from the other flexible air conduit 42 and hot air source 43.
• the speed of motion of the chain conveyor 27 is regulated by regulating the rotational frequency of the motor 30, and in such a way a stay of packages 29 in the vibration zone for 0.5 to 2.5 hours is ensured.
• the frequency of vibration is changed from 50 to 150 Hz by regulating the rotational frequency of electric vibration motors 7. If necessary, when the temperature of incoming packages 29 is law, the heater 4 ensures their heating up which decreases the viscosity of the residual oil in them and helps its more complete drainage into bath 3.
• Oil residues from the first screw conveyor 13 and centrifuge 14 are drained into the second oil bath 12.
• the reduced content of residual oil in ground waste polymer pieces has the effect of a plasticizer and almost does not change the melt index in the following granulation.
• the ground polymer pieces are fed through the second screw conveyor 15 to the bunker 16 and from there into the granulating extruder machine 17.
• the melted polymer passes through a filter 18 and is granulated into the granule 19 to the production of granulate stored in the bunker 20.
• the motor oil from baths 3 and 12 is transferred by the pump 9 through oil filters 33 and 34 along the oil pipe 8 and oil pipe 32 for collecting into the storage tank 10.
• the heater 4 For reducing the heat losses it is possible to use the heater 4 when it is located on the bottom side of the cover 40 and distributed in the space above the motion line of the chain conveyor 27.
• hot air from the conduit 41 and flexible conduit 42 connected to the hot air source 43 is fed through the hollow pillars 26.
• waste polymer packages recycled in the described way may be re-used in the production of new packages or for other purposes, while oils collected are submitted to specialized firms for further utilization. Examples of embodiment
• Example 1 Plastic containers fed to the input are subject to degreasing and recycling. They contain 2.4 - 16.8 % of residual motor oil determined for 100 kg of waste containers. After exerting vibration impact with frequency 80 Hz at heating up to 40 - 80 0 C for 2 h they contain 0.1 - 4.4 % of residual oil. The oil is collected into the oil bath 3. Waste containers treated in this way are milled to ground pieces of size 5 - 15 mm and subject to additional centrifugal degreasing. The content of residual motor oil in the material is reduced to 0.5 - 1.5 %.
• the index (determined at loading of 5 kg and temperature of 190 0 C) of the polymer material melt of high-density polyethylene, obtained according to the method in the installation, is 0.61 g/10 min.
• Example 2 Waste plastic bottles, containing 0.4 - 6.0 % residual motor oil, are subject to degreasing. After exerting vibration impact with frequency 150 Hz for 2 h they contain 0.2 - 1.4 % of residual oil.
• the index of the polymer material melt is 1.49 g/10 min.

Landscapes

• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Separation, Recovery Or Treatment Of Waste Materials Containing Plastics (AREA)
• Processing And Handling Of Plastics And Other Materials For Molding In General (AREA)
• Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=34800160

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (2)

Cited By (4)

Families Citing this family (1)

Citations (4)

• 2004
  • 2004-12-07 BG BG108965A patent/BG65661B1/bg unknown
• 2005
  • 2005-12-06 WO PCT/BG2005/000019 patent/WO2006060888A1/en active Application Filing

Patent Citations (4)

Also Published As

Similar Documents

Legal Events