WO2006059717A1 - 被検体生物の同定方法、この方法に使用する内部標準用dna組成物及びその製造方法 - Google Patents
被検体生物の同定方法、この方法に使用する内部標準用dna組成物及びその製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2006059717A1 WO2006059717A1 PCT/JP2005/022188 JP2005022188W WO2006059717A1 WO 2006059717 A1 WO2006059717 A1 WO 2006059717A1 JP 2005022188 W JP2005022188 W JP 2005022188W WO 2006059717 A1 WO2006059717 A1 WO 2006059717A1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12Q—MEASURING OR TESTING PROCESSES INVOLVING ENZYMES, NUCLEIC ACIDS OR MICROORGANISMS; COMPOSITIONS OR TEST PAPERS THEREFOR; PROCESSES OF PREPARING SUCH COMPOSITIONS; CONDITION-RESPONSIVE CONTROL IN MICROBIOLOGICAL OR ENZYMOLOGICAL PROCESSES
- C12Q1/00—Measuring or testing processes involving enzymes, nucleic acids or microorganisms; Compositions therefor; Processes of preparing such compositions
- C12Q1/68—Measuring or testing processes involving enzymes, nucleic acids or microorganisms; Compositions therefor; Processes of preparing such compositions involving nucleic acids
- C12Q1/6813—Hybridisation assays
- C12Q1/6827—Hybridisation assays for detection of mutation or polymorphism
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- the present invention relates to a method for identifying a specimen organism, a DNA composition for internal standard used in this method, and a method for producing the same.
- the present invention is a method for improving the identification accuracy of a subject organism by using two types of internal standard DNA in a method for identifying a subject organism by a genotype combining random PCR and electrophoresis.
- identification of organisms including microorganisms has been basically performed using phenotypes.
- phenotypic identification is unsuitable for identification aimed at more precisely distinguishing organisms.
- identification (specification) by phenotype has a limit as a practical problem.
- microorganisms are often involved in daily life. For example, there are many diseases caused by microorganisms such as 0157, tuberculosis, MRSA, cholera, etc. In order to establish effective treatments and grasp the infection route, precise identification techniques of microorganisms are necessary.
- the present inventors first invented a method for identifying species, similarity, etc. of organisms such as microorganisms by genotype that are simple and practical to some extent, and applied for a patent ( JP 2001-299398 A, Patent Document 1). In this method, random PCR and electrophoresis were combined to enable identification of organisms by genotype without comparing the genome sequences of the organisms.
- two-dimensional gel electrophoresis such as temperature gradient gel electrophoresis or denaturant concentration gradient gel electrophoresis is used.
- Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis is effective because of its high resolution in nucleic acid and protein analysis.
- one of the high resolutions is the slight fluctuation of each electrophoresis caused by the temperature accuracy control limit of the temperature gradient apparatus, and the fluctuation of each electrophoresis caused by a change in the minute environmental conditions that cannot be controlled by humans.
- These fluctuations can be corrected and standardized by using an internal standard sample that co-phores with a sequence of nucleic acids and proteins having a known denaturation temperature and mobility.
- the method described in Patent Document 1 also proposes normalization of data using an internal standard DNA.
- an object of the present invention is to provide a method for identifying an organism based on the above genotype, which has a higher standardization accuracy and, as a result, has a higher identification accuracy.
- Still another object of the present invention is to provide means for increasing the standardization accuracy.
- the present invention is as follows.
- Double-strand DNA prepared using the genome of the test organism as a cage is subjected to temperature gradient gel electrophoresis (TGGE) or denaturant concentration gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE).
- TGGE temperature gradient gel electrophoresis
- DGGE denaturant concentration gradient gel electrophoresis
- Electrophoretic pattern force of the two internal standard DNAs Extract the melting start points of each internal standard DNA, normalize the feature points using these melting start points as reference points, and
- Random PCR force PCR in which heat denaturation, annealing and chain extension are repeated, annealing is performed at 25 ° C to 35 ° C for 1 to 2 minutes, and chain extension is performed at 42 ° C to 47 ° C. Performed in 1 to 2 minutes [2].
- the standard feature point force obtained in (5) is also used to determine the PaSS and / or genome quasi-distance, and the target organism is identified based on the obtained PaSS and / or genome quasi-distance [ [1] to [4], the method according to item 1.
- a substrate comprising two DNAs having any one of SEQ ID NOs: 1 to 5 shown in the sequence listing DNA strand for internal standard of specimen organism identification method.
- a combination of DNA having the sequence of SEQ ID NO: 1 and DNA having the sequence of SEQ ID NO: 3 shown in the sequence listing, or DNA having the sequence of SEQ ID NO: 4 and DNA having the sequence of SEQ ID NO: 5 shown in the sequence listing A DNA composition for an internal standard of a specimen organism identification method, including a combination.
- a method for producing a DNA composition for internal standard comprising DNA having the sequence of SEQ ID NO: 4 shown in the sequence listing and DNA having the sequence of SEQ ID NO: 5,
- a method comprising carrying out a PCR reaction using PBR322 DNA as a truncated DNA and using a primer set for DNA amplification having the sequence of SEQ ID NO: 4 and a primer set for DNA amplification having the sequence of SEQ ID NO: 5.
- the primer set for DNA amplification having the sequence of SEQ ID NO: 4 comprises DNA having the sequences of SEQ ID NO: 12 and SEQ ID NO: 13, and the primer set for DNA amplification having the sequence of SEQ ID NO: 5 is SEQ ID NO: 14 and SEQ ID NO: 15 The method according to [12].
- a method for producing an internal standard DNA composition comprising DNA having the sequence of SEQ ID NO: 1 shown in the sequence listing and DNA having the sequence of SEQ ID NO: 3, comprising fd (M13) phage DNA And a PCR reaction using a primer set for DNA amplification having the sequence of SEQ ID NO: 1 and a primer set for DNA amplification having the sequence of SEQ ID NO: 3.
- the primer set for DNA amplification having the sequence of SEQ ID NO: 1 consists of DNA having the sequences of SEQ ID NO: 6 and SEQ ID NO: 7, and the primer set for DNA amplification having the sequence of SEQ ID NO: 3 is SEQ ID NO: DNA force having the sequence of 10 and SEQ ID NO: 11 [15] The method described in 1.
- the conventional standard DNA used in two-dimensional gel electrophoresis such as GP was only one kind of PCR product, and the standard characteristic was performed using the first and second feature points.
- the position of the second feature point became unstable after each migration, and as a result, it was found that there was an adverse effect on the standard accuracy in GP.
- the standard DNA set sequence (thing) and its preparation Improved method was devised and, along with the determination of the sequence, a simple preparation method was established.
- the present invention comprises (1) subjecting a double-stranded DNA prepared using the genome of a test organism to a cage to temperature gradient gel electrophoresis (TGGE) or denaturant concentration gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE), and (2) From the obtained electrophoresis pattern of the double-stranded DNA, feature points of the double-stranded DNA are extracted, and (3) a test organism is identified based on the extracted feature points.
- TGGE temperature gradient gel electrophoresis
- DGGE denaturant concentration gradient gel electrophoresis
- the double-stranded DNA in (1) is prepared by random PCR, and one or more double-stranded DNAs are prepared.
- Random PCR is PCR in which heat denaturation, annealing, and chain extension are repeated, annealing is performed at 25 ° C to 35 ° C in 1 to 2 minutes, and chain extension is performed at 42 ° C to 47 ° C for 1 to 2 minutes. Can be done in 2 minutes.
- Random PCR repeats heat denaturation, annealing, and strand extension in the same way as ordinary PCR, but reduces the specificity of the hybridization between the primer and the saddle type, which have lower annealing and strand extension temperatures.
- Heat denaturation may be carried out in the same manner as ordinary PCR.
- the characteristic point of the double-stranded DNA extracted in (2) can be, for example, the melting start point of each double-stranded DNA.
- characteristic points other than the melting start point for example, the point where mobility becomes the smallest during the denaturation process of double-stranded DNA or the point where denaturation is completely completed. good.
- the melting start point of double-stranded DNA is stable for each migration that is not easily affected by the subtle effects of gel composition and electrophoresis environment, the melting start point is used as a feature point from the viewpoint of maintaining accuracy and reproducibility. I like it.
- the present invention provides a method for identifying a test organism comprising the steps (1), (2) and (3) above, (4) gel electrophoresis of the double-stranded DNA is carried out in two types (5) Electrophoretic pattern power of the two types of internal standard DNAs Extract the melting start points of each internal standard DNA, normalize the feature points using these melting start points as reference points, And (6) the subject organism is identified based on the standardized feature points.
- gel electrophoresis of double-stranded DNA is performed together with two types of internal standard DNA.
- the sequence of the internal standard DNA is determined in consideration of the fact that the pattern shape represented by GP can be easily distinguished from the random PCR fragment group.
- the two internal standard DNAs used at the same time are preferred from the standpoint of increasing the accuracy of normalization because the melting start points are somewhat separated and the number of bases is different. Specifically, it is appropriate that the two types of internal standard DNA are separated by a melting starting point force of 1 ° C or more, preferably 5 ° C or more, more preferably 9 ° C or more.
- Two internal standard DNs It is appropriate that A is different in the number of bases by 200 or more, preferably 300 or more, more preferably 400 or more.
- the amount of the two types of internal standard DNA to be electrophoresed is determined so that the random PCR fragment of the target sample does not affect the identification of the random PCR fragment group of the target sample when image detection is performed after electrophoresis. ⁇ that has the same power as the concentration of the fragment group is appropriately determined in consideration of the slightly lower concentration. Specifically, the amounts of the two types of internal standard DNA to be electrophoresed are suitably in the range of 0.3 to 0.6 pmol, for example.
- the two types of internal standard DNAs can be selected from, for example, two DNAs having any one of the sequence numbers 1 to 5 shown in the sequence listing. More specifically, the two types of internal standard DNAs are a combination of DNA having the sequence of SEQ ID NO: 1 shown in the sequence listing and DNA having the sequence of SEQ ID NO: 3, or the sequence of SEQ ID NO: 4 shown in the sequence listing. A combination of DNA having and DNA having the sequence of SEQ ID NO: 5 is preferred.
- the melting start points of each internal standard DNA are extracted from the electrophoresis patterns of two types of internal standard DNA, and the characteristic points of the double-stranded DNA are determined using these melting start points as reference points.
- Standardize The standard of the characteristic point of double-stranded DNA can be coordinated by setting a migration gel frame, setting the distance between the migration distances, and then setting the melting start points of the two types of internal standard samples together. After that, by simply hitting the feature point group of each band, it is automatically converted into a standardized feature point group, and comparison between the two is possible in a standardized state.
- the subject organism is identified based on the standardized feature points. Specifically, the standardized feature point group force obtained in (5) is also used to determine the PaSS and / or genome quasi-distance, and based on the obtained PaSS and / or genome quasi-distance, the subject organism is identified. I do. PaSS and / or genomic quasi-distance can be performed using the method described in Patent Document 1 (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2001-299398).
- PaSS is the Pattern Similarity Score
- the genome near-distance is an index that indicates the similarity of the genome of two types of microorganisms using Pa SS. (1 PaSS) / Expressed as Pa SS.
- PaSS and genome quasi-distance are obtained by the extraction method as described above, and calculated from the standardized feature points (spiddos: species identification dots) as follows. And can identify microorganisms by genotype using PaSS and Z or genomic subdistances. Microorganisms are identified by comparing the feature points obtained for the target genome and the feature points obtained for the genome of the target microorganism.
- the species of the microorganism to be identified is previously divided, that species is used as a comparison target. If the species of the microorganism to be identified is unknown, a representative species (for example, several tens of species) selected in advance based on the overall form of the genome profiling image is used as a temporary comparison target. Alternatively, when the species of the sample microorganism is unknown, species having feature points that are similar to the feature points obtained by the feature point extraction process described above are sequentially listed. Then, the listed species are used as temporary comparison targets.
- the method for calculating PaSS and genome quasi-distance, and the method for identifying the subject organism can be performed with reference to the method described in Patent Document 1.
- identification of an organism can be species identification or affinity identification of the organism.
- the species identification of an organism is to identify to which species the organism to be tested belongs. For example, when the PaSS power is .95 or more, the same species can be used.
- affinity identification is to identify to which species the organism to be tested has an affinity, for example, when the PaSS force is less than 0.95 and is 0.8 or more. There can be. In this case, the larger the value, the more closely related species.
- the subject organism is not particularly limited, but can be a microorganism.
- the subject organism is basically an organism with genomic DNA, all organisms can be compared at the genome level.
- the present invention includes a DNA composition for internal standard used in the above-described method for identifying a subject organism.
- This internal standard DNA strand composition includes two DNAs having any one of the sequence numbers 1 to 5 shown in the sequence listing. More specifically, the DNA composition for internal standard of the present invention has the combination of SEQ ID NO: 2 and SEQ ID NO: 3, the combination of SEQ ID NO: 2 and SEQ ID NO: 5, and the sequence of SEQ ID NO: 1 shown in the Sequence Listing.
- a combination of DNA and DNA having the sequence of SEQ ID NO: 3 or DNA having the sequence of SEQ ID NO: 4 shown in the sequence listing; A combination of DNAs having the sequence of SEQ ID NO: 5 can be included.
- DNA having the sequence of SEQ ID NO: 1 and DNA having the sequence of SEQ ID NO: 3 shown in the sequence listing, or DNA having the sequence of SEQ ID NO: 4 shown in the sequence listing and sequence of SEQ ID NO: 5 is included. It is preferable to include a combination of DNA.
- the DNA contained in the internal standard DNA composition may be labeled.
- the label include a fluorescent label and an isotope label.
- the substance for the fluorescent label is not intended to be limited to these, but examples thereof include fluorescent dyes such as Cy5, Cy3, and FITC. These fluorescent labeling substances have been confirmed to have no effect on DNA migration.
- two types of internal standard DNA are used in combination, but the two types of internal standard DNA labels may be the same color or different colors. However, it is appropriate that the two types of internal standard DNA labels have different colors from the fluorescent dyes labeled on the sample DNA. Labeling can be introduced into DNA by, for example, labeling a fluorescent dye at the 5 ′ end of one of the primer pairs for preparation.
- the present invention is a kit for identifying a subject organism, comprising the DNA composition for internal standard of the present invention.
- This kit can also contain a buffer for use in DNA synthesis and reagents for DNA synthesis, such as DNA polymerase, substrates, primers, and the like.
- the present invention includes a method for producing an internal standard DNA composition comprising DNA having the sequence of SEQ ID NO: 4 shown in the sequence listing and DNA having the sequence of SEQ ID NO: 5.
- pBR322 DNA is a vertical DNA
- a PCR reaction is carried out using a primer set for DNA amplification having the sequence of SEQ ID NO: 4 and a primer set for DNA amplification having the sequence of SEQ ID NO: 5.
- the pBR322 DNA used as the cage DNA is a DNA widely used in the art as a plasmid.
- a primer set for DNA amplification having the sequence of SEQ ID NO: 5 is preferably DNA having the sequences of AGTGGTCCTG CAACTTTATC (SEQ ID NO: 12) and AACATGGGGGATCATGTAAC (SEQ ID NO: 13).
- any of the primers can be modified within a range that allows amplification of DNA having the sequence of SEQ ID NO: 4.
- the primer set for DNA amplification having the sequence of SEQ ID NO: 5 is preferably composed of GCCGGCATCACCGGCGCC ACAGGTGCGGTTG (SEQ ID NO: 14) and TAGCGAGGTGCCGCCGGCTTCCATTCA GGTC (SEQ ID NO: 15).
- PCR cycle conditions include, for example, The following conditions are preferably adopted.
- the PCR cycle conditions are changed as long as the target DNA can be amplified while suppressing the by-production of DNA other than DNA having the sequence of SEQ ID NO: 4 and DNA having the sequence of SEQ ID NO: 5. It is possible.
- c annealing can be changed in the range of 55 ° C to 65 ° C and 15 seconds to 30 seconds.
- the method for producing the above internal standard DNA composition is a method of synthesizing at once a composition comprising DNA having the sequence of SEQ ID NO: 4 and DNA having the sequence of SEQ ID NO: 5 shown in the sequence listing. However, it is also possible to synthesize each internal standard DNA individually.
- DNA having the sequence of SEQ ID NO: 4 shown in the Sequence Listing can be synthesized by using pBR322 DNA as a saddle and performing a PCR reaction using the above-mentioned primer set for DNA amplification.
- DNA having the sequence of SEQ ID NO: 5 can be synthesized by performing PCR reaction using pBR322 DNA as a saddle and using the above-mentioned primer set for DNA amplification.
- the internal standard DNA having the sequences of SEQ ID NOS: 1 to 3 shown in the sequence listing can be synthesized by PCR reaction using DNA fd (Ml 3) as a cage. Details of the synthesis method are given in the examples described later. In any case, the internal standard DNA can be prepared by amplifying a specific region of the vertical DNA by PCR.
- the present invention includes a method for producing an internal standard DNA composition comprising DNA having the sequence of SEQ ID NO: 1 shown in the sequence listing and DNA having the sequence of SEQ ID NO: 3.
- PCR reaction is carried out using a DNA amplification primer set having the sequence of SEQ ID NO: 3 and a DNA amplification primer set having the sequence of SEQ ID NO: 3 using fd (M13) phage DNA as a saddle type DNA. It is characterized by performing.
- fd (M13) phage DNA as a saddle type DNA.
- the fd (M13) phage DNA used for the truncated DNA is a DNA that is widely used in the art as a fuzzy vector suitable for DNA sequencing.
- a primer for PCR a primer set for DNA amplification having the sequence of SEQ ID NO: 1 and a primer set for DNA amplification having the sequence of SEQ ID NO: 3 are used.
- the primer set for DNA amplification having the sequence of SEQ ID NO: 1 is preferably composed of DNA having the sequences of CTACGTCTCTTCCGATGCTGT (SEQ ID NO: 6) and TTGAATTCTATCGGTTTATCA (SEQ ID NO: 7). It is preferable that the primer set for DNA amplification having the sequence of SEQ ID NO: 3 is AAATGCC GATGA (SEQ ID NO: 10) and TAATTGTGCGCT (SEQ ID NO: 11).
- the PCR reaction can be performed by a conventional method.
- PCR cycle conditions for example, The following conditions are preferably adopted.
- the PCR cycle conditions are changed as long as the target DNA can be amplified while suppressing by-production of DNA other than DNA having the sequence of SEQ ID NO: 1 and DNA having the sequence of SEQ ID NO: 3. It is possible.
- Primer MA1 5'-CTACGTCTCTTCCGATGCTGT-3 (SEQ ID NO: 6) and primer MA2: 5'-TTGAATTCTATCGGTTTATCA-3 (SEQ ID NO: 7) are used to amplify ref 1 with a DNA base length of 200 bp under the following PCR cycle conditions To do.
- PCR reaction solution composition Tris—HC1 10 mM, KC1 50 mM, MgCl 1.5 mM, dNTP 200 ⁇
- PCR cycle conditions include: a pre-heat denaturation (95 ° C, 5 minutes), b heat denaturation (94 ° C, 30 seconds), c annealing (50 ° C, 30 seconds), d strand extension (72 ° C, 30 seconds), repeat e-chain extension (72 ° C, 5 minutes) b to d 30 times.
- Primer Ref3-F ACCTCCTGTCAATGC (SEQ ID NO: 8) and primer ReB-R (cy3): TCACCGGAAC (SEQ ID NO: 9) are used to amplify a £ 3 DNA base length of 1351 ⁇ under the following PCR cycle conditions.
- PCR reaction solution composition Tris—HC1 10 mM, KC1 50 mM, MgCl 1.5 mM, dNTP 200 ⁇
- PCR cycle conditions include: a pre-heat denaturation (95 ° C, 5 minutes), b heat denaturation (94 ° C, 30 seconds), c annealing (60 ° C, 30 seconds), d strand extension (74 ° C, 30 seconds), e-Post chain extension (74 ° C, 5 minutes) b to d are repeated 30 times.
- primer Ref4-F AAATGCCGATGA (SEQ ID NO: 10) and primer Ref4-R: TAATTG TGCGCT (SEQ ID NO: 11), amplify ref4 with a DNA base length of 600 bp under the following PCR cycle conditions.
- PCR reaction solution composition Tris—HC1 10 mM, KC1 50 mM, MgCl 1.5 mM, dNTP 200 ⁇
- PCR cycle conditions are as follows: a Pre-heat denaturation (95 ° C, 5 min), b Heat denaturation (94 ° C, 30 sec), c annealing (67.5 ° C, 30 sec), d-strand extension (74 ° C, 30 seconds), e-post chain elongation (74 ° C, 5 minutes) b ⁇ (! Is repeated 25 times.
- Fig. 1 shows the results of temperature gradient gel electrophoresis (TGG E) of three internal standard DNAs synthesized by the above method.
- the melting start point of refl is about 60.0 ° C
- the melting start point of ref3 is about 70.1 ° C
- the melting start point of ref4 is about 58.0 ° C.
- the electrophoresis conditions are as follows.
- reference 5 base sequence: SEQ ID NO: 4
- reference 6 base sequence: SEQ ID NO: 5
- primer Ref5F AGTGGTCCTGCAACTTTATC (SEQ ID NO: 12)
- primer Ref5 R AACATGGGGGATCATGTAAC (SEQ ID NO: 13)
- DNA base length 200 bp primer ReffiF: GCCGGCATCACCGGCGCCACAGGTGCGGTTG (SEQ ID NO: 14)
- primer ReffiR TAGCGAGGTGCCGCCGGCTT
- PCR reaction solution composition Tris—HC1 10 mM, KC1 50 mM, MgCl 1.5 mM, dNTP 200 ⁇
- PCR cycle conditions include: a pre-heat denaturation (95 ° C, 2 minutes), b heat denaturation (94 ° C, 15 seconds), c annealing (55 ° C, 30 seconds), d-strand extension (72 ° C, 30 seconds), e-Post chain elongation (72 ° C, 30 seconds) b ⁇ (! Is repeated 25 times.
- FIG. 2 shows the results of temperature gradient gel electrophoresis (TGG E) of two internal standard DNAs synthesized by the above method.
- the melting start point of ref5 is about 52.2 ° C
- the melting start point of reffi is about 61.4 ° C.
- the electrophoresis conditions are as follows.
- the test method is actually TGGE with an appropriate random PCR product and an internal standard.
- TGGE was performed on the same random PCR product using a double internal standard sample (ref5, reffi mixture) and a single internal standard sample (refl). After electrophoresis, use analysis software to mark clear feature points (constant) of random PCR products, and coordinate correction for double internal standard samples. For ref5 and reffi first feature points, use single internal standard samples. The PaSS calculation was performed using the first and second feature points of refl.
- TGGE is performed 4 times each for double internal standard sample and single internal standard sample (W1 to W4, S1 to S4), and 6 types in double (W1 / W2, W1 / W3, W1 / W4, W2 / WSS, W2 / W4, W3 / W4) and 6 types (S1 / S2, S1 / S3, S1 / S4, S2 / S3, S2 / S4, S3 / S4) within the single PaSS calculation, PaSS calculation result We compared the stability of double and single power. The results are shown in Tables 1 and 2.
- the double internal standard sample shows a value less than half that of the single internal standard sample. It became clear that it rose.
- TGGE is performed four times for each of the double internal standard sample and the single internal standard sample.
- organisms can be identified by genotype.
- genotype For example, microorganisms and the like can be easily detected, and thus can be widely used in the medical and food fields.
- FIG. 1 Temperature gradient gel electrophoresis (TGGE) results of three internal standard DNAs synthesized in Example 1.
- FIG. 2 shows temperature gradient gel electrophoresis (TGGE) results of two internal standard DNAs synthesized in Example 2.
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EP2218785A2 (en) | 2006-05-15 | 2010-08-18 | Paratek Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | Methods of regulating expression of genes or of gene products using substituted tetracycline compounds |
CN102643795A (zh) * | 2012-04-05 | 2012-08-22 | 湖北省农业科学院经济作物研究所 | 一种采用pvp预处理提取土壤微生物总dna的方法 |
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JP2001299398A (ja) * | 2000-04-25 | 2001-10-30 | Taitec Kk | 遺伝子型による生物の同定方法 |
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Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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EP2218785A2 (en) | 2006-05-15 | 2010-08-18 | Paratek Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | Methods of regulating expression of genes or of gene products using substituted tetracycline compounds |
EP2537934A2 (en) | 2006-05-15 | 2012-12-26 | Paratek Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | Methods of regulating expression of genes or of gene products using substituted tetracycline compounds |
CN102643795A (zh) * | 2012-04-05 | 2012-08-22 | 湖北省农业科学院经济作物研究所 | 一种采用pvp预处理提取土壤微生物总dna的方法 |
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