WO2006054600A1 - 新規タンパク質及びそれを利用したポリグルタミン病等の神経変性疾患の予防・治療薬 - Google Patents
新規タンパク質及びそれを利用したポリグルタミン病等の神経変性疾患の予防・治療薬 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2006054600A1 WO2006054600A1 PCT/JP2005/021041 JP2005021041W WO2006054600A1 WO 2006054600 A1 WO2006054600 A1 WO 2006054600A1 JP 2005021041 W JP2005021041 W JP 2005021041W WO 2006054600 A1 WO2006054600 A1 WO 2006054600A1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07K—PEPTIDES
- C07K14/00—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof
- C07K14/435—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof from animals; from humans
- C07K14/46—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof from animals; from humans from vertebrates
- C07K14/47—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof from animals; from humans from vertebrates from mammals
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
- A61P25/14—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system for treating abnormal movements, e.g. chorea, dyskinesia
- A61P25/16—Anti-Parkinson drugs
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
- A61P25/28—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system for treating neurodegenerative disorders of the central nervous system, e.g. nootropic agents, cognition enhancers, drugs for treating Alzheimer's disease or other forms of dementia
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K38/00—Medicinal preparations containing peptides
Definitions
- New protein and its prevention / treatment drug for neurodegenerative diseases such as polyglutamine disease
- the present invention relates to a novel protein and a gene encoding the same. More details
- Transcriptional dysfunction is an important pathological element in neurodegenerative diseases such as polyglutamine disease.
- the present inventor has already shown that, in polyglutamine disease, the entire gene expression, which is not a decrease in the expression of a few genes, is damaged (see Non-Patent Document 1).
- many transcription factors are co-localized or interact with polymutamine disease mutant proteins.
- the general level of transcription, the overall function of transcription factors, is down-regulated by mutant polyglutamine proteins.
- One of the major challenges in polyglutamine disease is to elucidate the relationship between transcriptional dysfunction and neuronal cell death. However, it is not clear whether the inhibition of transcription function causes neuronal cell death. Nor is it known how neuronal cells die if transcription is severely inhibited.
- Non-Patent Document 1 BBRC, vol. 313, pl 10-116 (2004).
- transcriptional disorders in cells are considered to be one of the major molecular pathologies. But whether a transcriptional disorder actually causes neuronal cell death and what form of cell death is caused! It ’s still known to me.
- the present invention clarifies the relationship between transcriptional dysfunction and neuronal cell death, and also provides a novel protein that can be used as a preventive / therapeutic agent in neurodegenerative diseases such as polyglutamine disease.
- the purpose is to provide.
- the present inventor first analyzed nerve cells on which ⁇ -amatin (AMA) that specifically inhibits RNA polymerase II was allowed to act.
- AMA ⁇ -amatin
- amatine causes very slow neuronal cell death. It took more than 5 days for half of the neurons to die.
- the morphological characteristics of these dying cells were distinguished from apoptosis or necrosis as analyzed by electron microscopy. Moreover, DNA ladder by electrophoresis was not observed.
- dying neurons had a cytoplasmic vacuole separate from the autophagonome labeled with pEGFP-LC-3.
- the present invention also has the following constitutional powers (1) to (6).
- a transformant comprising a recombinant vector containing the gene according to (2) above.
- Prophylactic / therapeutic agent for neurodegenerative diseases such as polyglutamine disease, spinocerebellar degeneration, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease and the like comprising the protein according to (1) above
- this novel YAP isoform suppresses neuronal cell death, it can be used as a prophylactic / therapeutic agent for neurodegenerative diseases such as polyglutamine disease.
- the present inventor prepared a large number of siRNAs against RNA polymerase ⁇ ( ⁇ ) in order to clarify the relationship between transcription function and neuronal cell death.
- ⁇ RNA polymerase ⁇
- PolII repression was inadequate. So we used ⁇ -amatin, an effective inhibitor of ⁇ . This soot molecule can supplement PolII.
- AMA AMA-treated Euron and Hela cells
- AMA induces progressive cell death.
- the trend was particularly prominent in primary cultures-Euron, where the cell half-life was 5 days or longer, but without AMA treatment-cell death was clearly earlier than Euron. It also showed AMA concentration dependence. This progression of neuronal death is much slower than the low-potassium-induced apoptosis of cerebellum-euron.
- the first morphological change of HeLa cells began 6-12 hours after AMA was harvested, and cytoplasmic vacuoles were found near the nucleus. Similar vacuoles were also observed in cortex-euron at a very low rate but 2 days after AMA treatment. These vacuoles are not derived from mitochondria, Golgi apparatus, lysosomes, or endonoms from immunohistochemical analysis using antibodies specific to cell organelles. Also, EGFP-LC3, a phagonome marker protein, was not localized in the vacuole, so it was not an autophagosome.
- the vacuole is an endoplasmic reticulum that has been swollen by ECFP-ER, which has a sequence that targets the ER (cell organelle) and a KDEL sequence that searches for ER at the end and end of the enhanced cyan fluorescent protein. Became clear. This suggests that AMA stresses ER.
- a novel isoform of YAP was discovered by PCR cloning of RNA from cortex-euron and cerebellum-euron. This new isoform has 13nt, 25nt, and 61nt bases inserted!
- the cDNA from cortex-euron was amplified by RT-PCR, subcloned, introduced into the pBluescript vector, and transformed E. coli cells were spread on a bacterial dish. Of the 14 colonies extracted from the bacterial dish, there were 10, 1 and 3 inserts of 13 nt, 25 nt and 61 nt, respectively.
- the sequence of inserts is consistent with the genome sequence, and the sequence of intron junctions strictly follows the rules. In these three types of isoforms, a reading frame shift occurs due to the insertion of a base, and as a result, YAP originally has a transcription activation domain which is lacking.
- RT-PCR examined which tissues express a novel isoform of YAP.
- isoforms with 13 and 61 bases inserted were specifically expressed in comparative neurons. Only a faint band of insl3 was seen in the cerebral thread and tissue containing many glial cells and other cells other than neurons. ins61 was very specific for cortex-euron. The kidney showed a band larger than ins61. ins25 was not detected by RT-PCR.
- a YAP isoform lacking a transcriptional activity domain may have the opposite effect on neuronal cell death.
- the missing molecule had a dominant negative effect on cisplatin-induced apoptosis in MCF-7 cells.
- the expression of the missing isoform from cDNA was confirmed in the cells.
- siRNAs of p73 and YAP were added. As a result, OP was suppressed by these siRNAs in HeLa cells. This is OP also from YAP to p73 It is mediated by this cascade, supporting the hypothesis!
- OP a novel prototype of cell death called OP was found that explains that neurodegeneration proceeds very slowly. It was also demonstrated that a novel YAP isoform lacking the transcriptional activity domain plays an important role in suppressing OP. In addition, microarray analysis revealed that similar molecules were altered in both apoptosis and OP. Thus, OP may share some molecular mechanisms with apoptosis. The two types of cell death may be the same if the forces caused by the different molecules specific to each cell death process are corrected.
- novel YAP isoform described above can be used as a prophylactic / therapeutic agent for neurodegenerative diseases such as polyglutamine disease, and this leads to a new treatment method for neurodegenerative diseases.
- the novel isoform lacking the transcriptional activity domain of YAP as described above is composed of the amino acid sequence shown in any one of SEQ ID NO: 1 to SEQ ID NO: 3.
- a protein human and animal-derived proteins containing the same or substantially the same amino acid sequence as SEQ ID NO: 1 to SEQ ID NO: 3, and synthetic protein strength can also be obtained.
- Substantially identical means that the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 1 to SEQ ID NO: 3 has an amino acid sequence ability in which one or several amino acids are deleted, substituted or added, and has a dominant negative effect on the transcriptional activation factor YAP.
- SEQ ID NO: 1 to It is preferable that the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 3 has a homology of about 90% or more, preferably about 95% or more.
- the protein of the present invention may be any of carboxyl group, carboxylate, amide, or ester at the C-terminus.
- the amino group of the amino acid residue at the N-terminus may be protected to formyl group, acetyl group, etc. It may be protected with a group. Further, it may be a complex protein such as a so-called glycoprotein to which a sugar chain is bound, or a salt with a physiologically acceptable acid or base.
- the protein of the present invention can also be produced by a known protein purification method for human cells or tissue. It can also be produced by culturing a transformant containing a gene encoding a protein. Moreover, you may manufacture according to the well-known peptide synthesis method. Examples of the synthesis method include a solid phase synthesis method and a liquid phase synthesis method. That is, when the partial peptide or amino acid that can constitute the protein of the present invention is condensed and the product has a protective group, the target protein can be synthesized by removing the protective group.
- the method can be carried out using a general method. That is, a gene encoding a target protein is ligated to a vector, and a host organism is transformed with the obtained expression vector to obtain a transformant. The transformant can be cultured under predetermined conditions and the target protein can be recovered.
- any gene encoding the protein of the present invention (a novel isoform of YAP)
- any gene containing a predetermined base sequence is applicable.
- any of genomic DNA, cell-derived tissue cDNA, and synthetic DNA can be used.
- the gene can be inserted into the vector by, for example, cleaving the base sequence of the purified gene with an appropriate restriction enzyme and inserting it into an appropriate vector DNA restriction enzyme site or multicloning site.
- a method of linking can be used.
- a promoter, a terminator, a ribosome binding sequence and the like may be incorporated into the expression vector.
- Vectors include plasmids derived from Escherichia coli, plasmids derived from Bacillus subtilis, plasmids derived from yeast, butterophage such as ⁇ phage, and retroviruses such as Moro-1 leukemia quinoles. Animal viruses such as Inoles, vaccinia virus or baculovirus can be used.
- the target transformant can be obtained by transforming a host organism with the above expression vector.
- the host organism is not particularly limited as long as it can express the gene of the present invention, for example, Escherichia bacterium such as Escherichia coli, Bacillus bacterium, yeast, animal cells, etc. Can be used.
- Escherichia bacterium such as Escherichia coli
- Bacillus bacterium Bacillus bacterium
- yeast yeast
- animal cells etc.
- a transformation method a known method such as the calcium chloride method and electrovolution can be adopted, but the method is not limited to these methods.
- the protein of the present invention can be produced by culturing the transformant. When recovering the protein, disrupt the cells if necessary, remove the cells by centrifugation, etc., and then use the general biochemical methods used for protein isolation and purification, such as ammonium sulfate precipitation.
- the target protein can be isolated and purified by gel chromatography, ion exchange chromatography, affinity chromatography, etc. alone or in appropriate combination.
- the protein of the present invention (a novel isoform of YAP) is used as a prophylactic / therapeutic agent for neurodegenerative diseases such as polyglutamine disease
- its administration route is mainly by parenteral administration such as intravenous administration.
- the drug can be prepared by appropriately using a pharmacologically acceptable carrier such as a salt solution, a glucose solution, or a mixture of salt water and a glucose solution.
- a pharmacologically acceptable carrier such as a salt solution, a glucose solution, or a mixture of salt water and a glucose solution.
- the ability to cross the blood-brain barrier may be a problem. If there is a problem with its permeability, a method of crossing the blood brain barrier by adding the TAT amino acid sequence of HIV can be appropriately employed.
- the gene When a gene encoding a novel isoform is used as a prophylactic 'therapeutic agent, the gene should be incorporated into the expression vector so that the novel isoform is expressed in the target cell after administration.
- a TAT sequence may be added so that the expressed protein can be introduced into nerve cells.
- the vector into which the gene is incorporated may be encapsulated in an appropriate coat protein, liposome, virus particle, or the like. This makes it possible to send a gene specifically to the target cell or target tissue and express a new isoform of YAP. It is.
- Akt is a serine-threonine kinase, also called protein kinase B (PKB), which phosphorylates and modifies YAP during the process of intracellular signaling. Therefore, phosphorylation of YAP creates a binding site with 14-3-3 protein, and inhibits dephosphorylation enzyme to suppress YAP degradation, thereby further enhancing the effect of suppressing neuronal cell death.
- PKI protein kinase B
- a drug that inhibits c-Abl or ATM that activates YAP, or a drug that inhibits p73 or p53 acting in combination with YAP may be used as a preventive or therapeutic agent for neurodegenerative diseases.
- E17 Cerebral cortex tissue isolated from Wistar rat fetal embryo and cerebellar tissue isolated from P7 Wistar rat neonatal force were scrutinized with a razor and gently mixed every 5 minutes for 20 minutes at 37 ° C for 0.25% trypsin (Gibco) -containing phosphate buffer (hereinafter referred to as PBS; pH 7.5). Subsequently, after stopping the reaction with DMEM containing 50% baby sera (hereinafter FBS), DNasel (Boehringer Mannheim) was added to a final concentration of 100 / zg / ml, and pipetting using a blue chip was performed. The tissue was separated more easily.
- the cells were washed three times with PBS, fixed with 2.5% glutaraldehyde / 0.1M PB, and further fixed with 1% 0 sO / 0.1M PB for 2 hours. Dehydrate the fixed cells using an ethanol gradient,
- Alexa fluor 488 (1: 1000 dilution; Molecular Probes) was visualized so that it could be detected by immunostaining by reacting as a secondary antibody at room temperature for 30 minutes.
- Hela cells were transfected with pEGFP-LC3 or pEGFP-ER (BD Biosciences) using Superfect (Qiagen) according to the product manual.
- RNA labeling and amplification were performed according to the manufacturer's manual.
- oligo dT primer containing T7 promoter sequence and random hexamer (40 ° C, 4 ° C). was used to synthesize double-stranded cDNA containing ⁇ 7 promoter from 2 ⁇ g of total RNA using MMLV reverse transcriptase.
- CRNA was synthesized from AMA-treated cortex-euron, AMA-treated cerebellum-euron, and cerebellum-euron treated with low potassium.
- NA was labeled with Cy3 or Cy5.
- the synthesized cRNA was precipitated with lithium chloride, washed with ethanol, and dissolved in nuclease-free / water. OD to check cRNA quality,
- an in situ hybridization kit plus (Agilent technologies: 5184-3568) was used according to the product manual.
- Cy3 and Cy5 labeled cRNA (1 ⁇ g each) were mixed and treated with fragmentation buffer at 60 ° C for 30 minutes.
- the cRNA fragmented with Mouse Development Oligo Microarray (Agilent technologies: G4120A) containing 20,371 oligonucleotides of 60-base mouse cDNA was reacted at 60 ° C. for 17 hours.
- the microarray after the reaction was washed twice and dried by blowing nitrogen gas (99.999%) using a filter-equipped air gun (Nihon mycrolis KK).
- the fluorescence signal was detected with CRBIO lie (Hitachi software engineering Co., Ltd.), a microarray scanner. Data was analyzed using DNASIS array (Hitachi softwa reengineering Co., Ltd.), an analysis software. Control spots and spots with strong fluorescence due to unnatural signals were excluded from the data. After that, the signal intensity of each spot was normalized to all signal intensity. Scattering of standardized signal intensity In the figure, the fluorescence of Cy3 is plotted on the Y axis and the fluorescence of Cy5 is plotted on the X axis. The ratio of Cy3 fluorescence to Cy5 was calculated, and the genes that protruded with Cy3 / Cy5 of 2.0 or more and 0.5 or less were tabulated.
- RT-PCR cloning of YAP is performed using RNA LA PCR Kit (AMV) (Takara) with two primers: F: 5, GG AATTCTATGGAGCCCGCGCAA-3 ', R: 5, -ACGCGTCGACCTATAACCACGTG AG-3.
- AMV RNA LA PCR Kit
- F 5 GG AATTCTATGGAGCCCGCGCAA-3 '
- R 5, -ACGCGTCGACCTATAACCACGTG AG-3.
- the PCR product cDNA was inserted into pBluescriptll SK + using EcoRI and Sail.
- the base sequence is a primer using the sequence contained in cDNA synthesized with M13.
- All cells on a culture dish are 62.5 mM Tris-HCL (pH 6.8), 2% (w / v) SDS, 2.5% (v / v) 2-mercaptoethanol, 5% (w / v) glycerin, Dissolved in 0.0025% (w / v) bromophenol blue.
- the cell lysate was adjusted to 3.3 x 10 4 Hela cells per lane, 1.0 x 10 5 primary cultures-euron, electrophoresed on SDS-PAGE gel, and then polyvinylidene difluoride.
- Adenovirus Expression Vector Kit (TAKARA SHUZO CO., LTD.) was used as an adenovirus vector lacking replication ability according to the product manual.
- YAP cDNA was excised from pBSinsl3, pBSins25, and pBSins61 with EcoRI and Sail. Both ends of the cDNA fragment were blunted with Blunting high kit (Toyobo CO., LTD.), and then inserted into pAxCAwt cosmid (Takara) using Swal.
- the purified cosmid was introduced into 293 cells together with adenovirus DNA by the calcium phosphate method, and the culture solution of dead cells was collected as a virus solution.
- adenoviral vectors as AxCAinsl3, AxCAins25 and AxCAins61. These vectors were used to infect Hela cells and primary neurons at a multiplicity of infection (MOI) of 100. Also preliminarily Protein expression efficiency and adenovirus toxicity were examined by infecting primary cultures-Euron with EGFP-incorporated vectors and various MOI Motta vectors. More than 90% -Euron force 3 ⁇ 4GFP was expressed in MOI 100! /. The difference in the proportion of dead cells in uninfected-Euron and Motta-infected neurons was examined using trypan blue and was around 3% even with an MOI of 500 or more.
- RNA extracted from primary culture-Euron was electrophoresed using MOPS / formaldehyde gel.
- the separated RNA was transferred to Hybond-N (Pharmacia) and fixed by UV crosslinking (1 20,000 ⁇ J / cm 2 ).
- the full-length cDNA of 61-base insert was excised from pBSins61, purified using gel, and labeled with [a32P] dCTP (Amersham) and random primer DNA labeling kit (Takara).
- the probe labeled with 32P was reacted with a nylon membrane at 60 ° C and permeated.
- the reacted membrane was washed twice with 1 ⁇ SSC, 0.1% SDS at 50 ° C. for 20 minutes, and washed twice with O.lx SSC, 0.1% SDS at 60 ° C. for 20 minutes.
- the film was exposed to an X-ray film at -80 ° C for an appropriate time.
- SiRNA oligonucleotides were introduced into the cells using RNAiFect (QIAGEN) according to the product manual. In 6 wells, 2.5 ⁇ 10 4 cells were infected 24 hours later with 0.5 ⁇ g of each siRNA. 24 hours after infection, AMA was added to a final concentration of 10 g / ml. After 24 hours, cell death was performed.
- the YAP and p73 siRNA sequences were the same as previously published.
- novel protein of the present invention and a preventive or therapeutic agent for neurodegenerative diseases such as polyglutamine disease using the same are polyglutamine disease, spinocerebellar degeneration, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Alheimer's disease, Parkinson It can be used for prevention and treatment of neurodegenerative diseases such as diseases.
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Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US11/791,053 US7951928B2 (en) | 2004-11-18 | 2005-11-16 | Gene encoding a protein and preventive/remedy for neurodegenerative diseases such as polyglutamine diseases by utilizing the same |
JP2006545101A JP5103615B2 (ja) | 2004-11-18 | 2005-11-16 | 新規タンパク質及びそれを利用したポリグルタミン病等の神経変性疾患の予防・治療薬 |
EP05807046A EP1878793B1 (en) | 2004-11-18 | 2005-11-16 | Novel protein and preventive/remedy for neurodegenerative disease such as polyglutamine disease using the same |
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JP2015120719A (ja) * | 2006-06-07 | 2015-07-02 | ジェンザイム・コーポレーション | 筋萎縮性側索硬化症および他の脊髄障害のための遺伝子治療 |
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US6022740A (en) * | 1994-12-01 | 2000-02-08 | The Rockfeller University | SH3 kinase domain associated protein, a signalling domain therein, nucleic acids encoding the protein and the domain, and diagnostic and therapeutic uses thereof |
US20030119009A1 (en) * | 2001-02-23 | 2003-06-26 | Stuart Susan G. | Genes regulated by MYCN activation |
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JP2002541065A (ja) * | 1999-02-18 | 2002-12-03 | ベス・イスラエル・ディーコネス・メディカル・センター | タンパク質−タンパク質相互作用を調節するための方法および組成物 |
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Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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JP2015120719A (ja) * | 2006-06-07 | 2015-07-02 | ジェンザイム・コーポレーション | 筋萎縮性側索硬化症および他の脊髄障害のための遺伝子治療 |
JP2017078071A (ja) * | 2006-06-07 | 2017-04-27 | ジェンザイム・コーポレーション | 筋萎縮性側索硬化症および他の脊髄障害のための遺伝子治療 |
JP2018118995A (ja) * | 2006-06-07 | 2018-08-02 | ジェンザイム・コーポレーション | 筋萎縮性側索硬化症および他の脊髄障害のための遺伝子治療 |
JP2020079234A (ja) * | 2006-06-07 | 2020-05-28 | ジェンザイム・コーポレーション | 筋萎縮性側索硬化症および他の脊髄障害のための遺伝子治療 |
US11554161B2 (en) | 2006-06-07 | 2023-01-17 | Genzyme Corporation | Gene therapy for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and other spinal cord disorders |
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EP1878793A4 (en) | 2009-01-07 |
EP1878793B1 (en) | 2011-08-24 |
JP5103615B2 (ja) | 2012-12-19 |
US7951928B2 (en) | 2011-05-31 |
US20080188408A1 (en) | 2008-08-07 |
JPWO2006054600A1 (ja) | 2008-05-29 |
EP1878793A1 (en) | 2008-01-16 |
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