WO2006048413A2

WO2006048413A2 - Supporting means for a baking device

Info

Publication number: WO2006048413A2
Application number: PCT/EP2005/055655
Authority: WO
Inventors: Michael Koos; Martin Pfister; Dieter Neder
Original assignee: Miwe Michael Wenz Gmbh
Priority date: 2004-11-03
Filing date: 2005-10-31
Publication date: 2006-05-11
Also published as: WO2006048413A3

Abstract

The invention relates to a supporting means (9) for conveying dough pieces through the interior of a baking oven. The aim of the invention is to reliably design, with simple means, supporting means and baking devices of the aforementioned type. To this end, the invention provides that the supporting means (9) have projections (24) upon which dough pieces are placed.

Description

description

TRAGMITTELFÜRBACKVORRICHTUNG

Technical environment

The invention relates to a support means for the transport of baking blanks through the interior of a baking oven.

Such suspension elements are preferably used in a baking device with an oven, a supply device for the supply of baking blanks and a transport device for the transport of the baking blanks from the supply device through the interior of the oven to a dispensing station at which the finished baked goods are delivered.

Such a baking device is known for example from the publication

DE 30 12 043 C2. Here, a baking apparatus with an oven is described which has a feed opening in its upper wall and a discharge opening in its lower wall. About trained as a cell wheel Vereinzeier individual baking blanks are fed, which are in the present case as elongated white bread, referred to in French as a baguette formed. The baking blanks are preferably pre-baked pasta (dough pieces). About trained as a cell wheel Vereinzeier they are placed in a position above a nacelle of a gondola conveyor and fall in further rotation of the cellular wheel in the nacelle. The nacelle forms the supporting means for the baking blanks. The gondola conveyor is located in the baking chamber of the oven. It comprises two parallel and meandering conveyor chains, with which the filled with pasta gondolas are transported through the oven back of the oven.

Such a supply of the baking blanks is especially for small and short

Back blanks but also for pre-baked baking blanks with sticky surface pro¬ blematisch. The baking blanks can either pinch inside the singler or fall into the baking chamber next to a gondola. In both cases, the reliable and automatic loading of the transport device with baking blanks is disturbed, and an employee must remove the jammed or fallen back blanks.

The contact surface between the executed as a gondola suspension and the

Back blanks can lead to problems. The gondolas are usually made of metal and absorb heat during transport through the interior of the oven. This heat is transferred via the contact surface on the baking blanks. The heat transfer at the contact surface is much more intense than the heat transfer via the air in the oven. Therefore, there is a risk that the baking blanks unevenly brown and in particular in the area of contact with the nacelle bake intensively. Disclosure of the invention

Object of the present invention is to reliably design support means and back devices of the type mentioned by simple means.

With respect to the support means, the object is achieved in that the support means has projections for placing the blanks.

In other words, the baking blanks are not completely flat on a plane

Gondola on, but only in the region of the projections of the suspension elements. Due to the reduced contact area between the back blank and the support means, the area of heat transfer by heat conduction is effectively reduced. The heat conduction at the bottom of the baking blank takes place only to a small extent. It follows that the browning and baking of the baking blank at the bottom is not reinforced due to excessive heat conduction. The baking blank is evenly browned and baked.

In practice, the projections of the support means may be formed by comb-like prongs. The projections may have a distance from one another which corresponds to a multiple of their width. Thus, the width of the projections may be on the order of about 1 mm, in particular if the support means with the projections is made of a steel sheet. The distance between the projections can be between 10 and 40 mm.

In practice, the projections may additionally be provided with bumps or serrations on the upper side. These projections or protuberances protrude from the narrow upper side of the projections and lead to a further reduction of the contact surface between the back blank and the projection. Further, the humps or peaks increase the friction between the top of the projections and the back blank resting thereon. As a result, the risk is reduced that the back blank slips down during transport on the support means.

As mentioned, the protrusions may in practice be cut out of sheet metal.

When cutting the projections are in the main plane of the sheet. You can after cutting at its root, i. at the region where the projections pass into the adjacent region of the suspension element are rotated by 90 ° to the plane of the sheet. It follows that the narrow side of the sheet forms the top of the projection and the smallest possible contact surface between the projection and the back blank is realized.

Further, the projections on which the back blanks rest, in the

Practice extend substantially horizontally and convex downward curved. In this way, their top forms a receiving trough for the baking blanks. These trough-shaped top additionally reduces the risk that the baking blanks fall off the projections.

In addition, the support means in practice an upwardly angled rear

Have contact surface, which is preferably designed as an open grid. This lattice-shaped rear abutment surface can also be cut out of a metal sheet and then angled upward with respect to the plane of the metal sheet.

In practice, the suspension elements can have on their sides two opposing side cheeks which extend above the projections. The side cheeks avoid falling down of the baking blanks and on the other hand provide a surface on which functional elements of the suspension element can be attached.

At the opposite side cheeks, for example, at least one pair of mutually aligned control openings can be provided for the passage of a light beam of a light barrier. The suspension element can be guided past a stationary light barrier on its transport path, the control openings passing in front of the light barrier. As soon as the front edge of the side wall enters the optical axis of the light barrier, it obstructs the path for the light beam of the light barrier. The signal from the light barrier thus reflects the presence of a suspension element.

In the further movement of the suspension means, the control opening is on the

Photoelectric switch moves too. If there is no back blank on the suspension element, the light from the light barrier can pass through the control opening again. The signal from the light barrier then signals an empty suspension element. If the suspension element is filled with a back blank, the light from the light barrier does not pass through the control opening. The signal from the light barrier thus indicates that the suspension element is filled.

In practice, a portion of a control port near the front end of the

Sidewall and a portion of a control opening can be arranged near the rear end of the side cheek. This allows the distinction based on the Licht¬ cabinet signal, whether the support means is filled in its front region or in its rear region. Either two separate control port pairs can be provided at the front end and the rear end of the side bolsters. Alternatively, the control openings may be formed as elongated holes, which extend over a large portion of the length of the side cheeks.

Furthermore, in practice, the suspension element is preferably at its two lateral sides

Ends above the projections pivotally attached to two synchronously driven För¬ derketten. For this purpose, preferably the side cheeks are provided with pivot axes, which are attached to the conveyor chains. In addition, at least one of the two lateral ends, preferably one of the two lateral ends

Side cheeks, be provided with at least one guide pin, which protrudes laterally and is intended to cooperate with a guide rail. The guide rail can guide the guide pin on one side or on both sides along a specific path of movement. This is particularly advantageous in the area of receiving the baking blanks, since the carrying means can tip over here due to the weight of the baking blanks and the baking blanks can fall down. By the guide rail such tilting is prevented.

[020] According to another aspect of the invention, a method of manufacturing a suspension means of the type described above is concerned.

The method is intended to enable cost-effective production of the suspension element.

[022] This object is achieved in that projections, in particular

Prongs to be cut out.

[023] The projections can be cut out in practice by a punching tool or a laser beam.

As already mentioned above, the production of the support means made of sheet metal is particularly advantageous because the projections can be formed by the very thin narrow sides of the sheet and thereby have a very small contact surface.

In practice, the projections may be bent and have bumps or prongs on at least one side. The projections are vor¬ preferably rotated at its root by 90 °, so that the humps or peaks and the concave side of the bend are on top. In this way, a very narrow projection is created with a receiving trough for the back blank and humps or spikes on its top.

[026] Furthermore, one or more of the following further elements of the suspension element can be cut out of the metal sheet:

• rear contact surface;

• sidewalls;

• control openings;

• Guide pin.

In practice, these elements are cut out and then bent. Thus, the rear bearing surface is bent by an angle of about 60 ° to the main direction of extension of the projections upwards. The side cheeks are bent substantially 90 ° upwards. In this case, the guide pin, which is preferably cut out of a side wall, remains in the main plane of the tines, so that it projects laterally beyond a side wall.

Finally, the invention relates - as mentioned above - a baking device with an oven, a supply device for the supply of baking blanks and a transport device for the transport of the baking blanks of the Zufuhr¬ device through the interior of a baking oven to a dispensing station, where the finished baked goods are delivered, wherein the transport device comprises support means of the type described above.

The support means ensure that with the baking device according to the invention an optimal baking result is achieved.

[030] In practice, the feed device can have recesses which cooperate with the projections of the suspension element, the projections being moved through the recesses during the transport movement of the transport device.

In other words, said portion of the feeding device and the

Element of the transport device projecting through each other and complementary forms, namely projections and recesses on. When the transport device passes by the feed device during the transport movement, the projections protrude into the recesses. The transport movement should take place essentially at right angles to the extension of the projections and recesses, so that the back blanks lying on the said section of the feed device are transferred to the complementarily shaped element of the transport device. In this case, the projections can be arranged either on the supply device or on the transport device. The same applies to the recesses.

In a practical embodiment, the feeding device has a section with a plurality of parallel slots and the transport device has at least one carrying means with comb-like prongs. During the transport movement of the transport device, the tines mesh with the slots of the supply device.

In the case of the device according to the invention, the back blanks which are provided on the feed device can be transported into the slotted section, where they are picked up by the comb-like prongs of the suspension element and transported onward. In this process, the transfer of the baking blanks from the supply device to the support means no drop distance is used over which the baking blanks are unguided moved by gravity. Rather, the positively guided direct transfer takes place in the slotted section of the supply device. In the first time section of the transfer, the back blanks are safely resting on the material of the supply device between the slots. As soon as the comb-like prongs of the suspension element are moved through the slots, these prongs lift the back blank off the supply device and carry it along in the direction of transport. Even if a back blank is only partially on the tines of the support means and slips down during further movement of the support means of the tines, this back blank falls back only on the slotted portion of the feed device. In a later pass by a support means with comb-like prongs of the fallen back blank then taken. The risk that a back blank falls down during this transfer to the support means or jammed, is practically impossible.

[034] The transport device of the present baking device preferably has one

Pair in the distance and parallel to each other circulating conveyor chains. These conveyor chains run from the supply device outside the oven into the oven. The conveyor chains pass through the oven, that is, they stay in the oven for a given residence time, whereby they are moved through the oven at the transport speed. After that they come out of the oven again. The delivery station for the finished baked goods on the support means is preferably behind this outlet also outside the oven. A discharge of the baked baked goods from the suspension means can also be done inside the oven. A chute for the discarded baked goods can lead out of the oven.

[035] The suspension elements are arranged between the two conveyor chains of the conveyor chain pair. The support means are preferably pivotally suspended gondolas, which are suspended movably about a pivot axis extending transversely to the conveyor chains. The center of gravity of the gondolas is below the pivot axis so that they hang in a stable position on the chains during transport through the conveyor chain pair.

The supply device according to the invention may in practice have a separating means, in order to ensure that the baking blanks are present in isolated form in the slotted section of the feeding device and are occasionally transferred to the carrying means. This separating means is formed in practice by a sliding surface having some features essential to the invention. The means of separation serves to solve the problem of ensuring a reliable transport of the back blanks to the suspension element. As a separating means, the feed device can have an inclined sliding surface, which is coupled to a vibration device. The vibrating device, also referred to as a vibrator, causes the sliding surface to vibrate. Back blanks, which often have a moist and sticky surface and adhere to each other, are separated by the vibrations. In the slotted section, the baking blanks are then scattered side by side on the sliding surface.

[037] The vibration drive may comprise a rotationally driven shaft on which an eccentric mass is arranged. The sliding surface is elastically suspended. Due to the eccentric, the sliding surface can be set in vibration.

[038] As an alternative to the eccentric, a crank drive can directly transmit strokes from a drive motor to the sliding surface. In a preferred embodiment, the vibration drive has an electromagnetic drive. The supply device is designed as a vibratory linear conveyor. Such a vibratory linear conveyor is described for example in German Patent DE 41 23 776 C2. Here, a bearing surface for the objects to be conveyed is fastened via a spring arrangement on a counterweight. The counterweight is resiliently connected to the foundation. The springs extend in a direction inclined to the sliding surface level so that they can yield in the plane of the sliding surface. By an electrically acted magnetic coil, which acts on a magnetic yoke on the sliding surface, the spring system is set with the sliding surface in vibration near the resonance of the spring assembly. By suitable choice of the springs, the electromagnetic drive and the masses of the sliding surface and the counterweight different vibration frequencies and - amplitudes can be adjusted. The generation of vibrations generated with such a drive almost noiseless. In this way, the supply device can be used on the one hand for normal operation with low oscillation amplitude and on the other hand for operation in disturbances with high oscillation amplitude. Such a disturbance can occur, for example, in the case of strongly bonded baking blanks, which initially can not be separated from one another. The sliding surface is preferably inclined to the horizontal direction, so that the conveying movement is supported by the vibrating conveyor by gravity. A very good promotion can be achieved if the sliding surface has a slope of about 7 ° to the horizontal.

In practice, the receiving portion should be arranged with the slots at the lower end of the inclined sliding surface. The gravity and the action of the vibrator transport the baking blanks to the slotted portion of the inclined sliding surface.

In the above-mentioned slotted portion, the width of each slit should be in the

Practice be chosen to be greater than the width of the comb-like prongs plus the maximum vibration movement transverse to the longitudinal direction of the tines. This avoids that when vibrating the material of the sliding surface strikes against the comb-like prongs. Of course, in the longitudinal direction of the comb-like prongs a sufficient distance between the material of the support means and the material of the feed device is to be maintained, in order to avoid a counterbeating of these two components during the transfer of the baking blanks.

In a practical embodiment, a scraping rail is arranged above the sliding surface. The distance of the scraper rail to the sliding surface should be slightly larger than the maximum height of a baking blank. There should be a distance of about 3 to 10 mm between the back blank resting on the sliding surface and the scraper rail. This ensures that there are no two derliegenden back blanks in the end portion of the sliding surface with slots, which could lead to a caking of the two blanks when passing through the oven. Alternatively, the scraper rail above the trans port device for the baking blanks can be arranged before entering the oven. This scraper then throws superimposed adhering back blanks of the support means. This alternative scraper rail is preferably arranged so that the superimposed back blanks fall back onto the sliding surface.

Furthermore, the sliding surface may be provided with ribs whose distance from each other substantially corresponds to the width of a baking blank. In practice, the distance is a few millimeters larger than the width of the baking blank to choose. In this way, it is ensured that the baking blanks enter the slit area of the sliding surface next to one another. In connection with the scraper rail is ensured in the baking device according to the invention that the baking blanks in a position and individually next to each other in the section of the sliding surface with the slots occur. In this optimal arrangement, the baking blanks are taken from the suspension and introduced into the oven.

In practice, the sliding surface can also have a sawtooth-like profile in the transverse direction with oblique support sections and substantially vertical guide surfaces. This profiling has the advantage over ribs that the baking blanks are guided only on one side. This reduces the risk of jaws becoming jammed during transport on the vibrating slide surface. The width of the support sections may be slightly larger than the width of a back blank, so that they are transported without mutual contact on the sliding surface.

However, the profiling of the sliding surface is not absolutely necessary, since the vibratory device can reliably separate the baking blanks from one another even with a smooth sliding surface.

In practice, the sliding surface may be provided with small protrusions.

As a result, the contact area between the sliding surface and the baking blanks is reduced and thereby reduces the resistance of the adhering to the sliding surface blanks against the transport. In particular, a pattern rolled sheet is suitable for producing the slip surface, e.g. a pattern-rolled sheet metal profile 5WL according to DIN 17441.

In a practical embodiment, the conveyor chain runs in a vertical direction

Direction from bottom to top past the slotted portion of the feeder to take the baking blanks.

In a practical embodiment, the dispensing station is designed to be particularly advantageous, so that reliably without any wear the tipping of the finished Baked goods is guaranteed. Such a design of the delivery station is also self-employed and can be used advantageously without the features of the supply device described above. In order to achieve this goal, the Förder¬ chain pair runs at the discharge station to a pair of gears, between which a rotating with the rotational speed of the gears shaft is disposed on which the gon¬ delartige support means rests, so that the comb-like prongs tilt, the Slipping baked goods off the tines.

The radius of the toothed wheels is smaller than the greatest distance of the rear end portion of the suspension element from a pivot axis about which the suspension element is pivotally attached to the conveyor chain pair. Preferably, the gondola-like support means is deflected by the gear pair from a forward transport movement in a downward and backward movement. When deflecting the two conveyor chains through the gear pair, the rear portion of the support means is seated on the shaft between the pair of gears. The pivot axis of the support means, which is fixedly connected to the chains, is thereby moved further down, wherein the contact point with the shaft remains substantially at the same height. The support means tilts and its support surface tilts down so that the baked goods lying on it fall down. In this case, there is no relative movement between the resting end of the suspension element and the shaft surface, since both rotate at the same rotational speed. Abrasion in this area, which could lead to contamination of the baked goods, is effectively avoided.

After the finished baked goods have been dropped off and due to the further transport movement of the conveyor chains, the pivot axis of the suspension element continues to move further away from the shaft between the gearwheels of the gear pair, so that the suspension element is released again. Either it rolls over its pivot axis or it moves away from the shaft so far that it can swing back into its starting position.

[051] In a practical embodiment, the baking device has a drive motor, which drives the named shaft between the two toothed wheels of the toothed wheel pair. The shaft, which is rotatably connected to the two gears, thus fulfilling the function of driving the conveyor chains in addition to the function of tipping the baked goods.

[052] As mentioned above, a laterally projecting guide pin can be provided on at least one lateral end of the suspension element, ie preferably on a side wall. In the region of the supply device, a guide rail for guiding the guide pin is arranged. This will ensure that the support means does not pivot when accelerated by the Device accepted back blanks act forces on the suspension element.

[053] Finally, in a practical embodiment, the frequency and / or the

Amplitude of the vibrating device of the sliding surface be adjustable. This frequency adjustment of the sliding surface as well as the operation of the vibration device in different phases derived therefrom is essential to the invention and enables a particularly reliable and quiet operation of the vibration device. It can thereby realize different transport speeds for the baking blanks. The frequency and / or the amplitude of the vibration device can be adjusted during the operation of the baking device as a function of the respectively required conveying speed. In particular, in a baking device, take over the backings of the sliding surface in the support means with meshing prongs, a low conveying speed is required immediately after the takeover, while the baking blanks are lifted from the transfer zone. Thereafter, a high conveying speed is required until new baking blanks are provided at the transfer zone of the sliding surface. In the transfer phase, when back blanks have already arrived in the transfer zone, the vibratory device could be turned off, since until the takeover and removal of the back blanks by a support means from the transfer zone no further För¬ should move. However, it can be disadvantageous if the vibration device is alternately switched over between idling speed and complete rest. The ramping of the vibration speed to the conveyor frequency and the delivery amplitude can be firstly energy consuming and secondly produce disturbing noises. If, on the other hand, the vibrating device remains at the low-amplitude conveying frequency during the idling phase, then the increase in the amplitude for renewed conveying alone is associated with low noise development. The change in amplitude is almost silent.

[054] Accordingly, a method for the operation of one described above

Back device can be realized with adjustable vibration device whose features are essential to the invention. For different conveying speeds of the sliding surface, the frequency and / or the amplitude of the vibration device is adjusted during operation of the baking device, wherein in particular in an idle running phase at the same frequency, the amplitude of the vibrating device and thus of the sliding surface is reduced.

[055] The frequency or amplitude adjustment can be used in particular if - as described above - the baking blanks are transferred in a transfer phase from the sliding surface to a suspension element with projections. The transfer phase should be included in the idling phase of the vibrating device, so that during the lifting of the baking blanks by the suspension means and shortly afterwards no strong promotion of lying on the sliding surface back blanks takes place. This promotion could result in the back blanks being stacked on the support means or a back blank being impaled on a forward end of a protrusion of the suspension means. The delivery phase is only restarted when the support means has a distance from the sliding surface, which is greater than the height of a baking blank. This reliably prevents skewing.

[056] Also, the frequency or amplitude adjustment may be employed when a plurality of back blanks are dropped onto the slip surface, e.g. through a loading cart. The discarded back blanks can still adhere to each other or lie one above the other on the sliding surface. Following the ejection, a particularly high frequency and / or amplitude can be set for a short period of time, which separates the back blanks from each other by particularly strong vibratory movements. After this short separation phase, e.g. 10 seconds, is then switched between a funding phase with lower frequency and / or amplitude and idle phase with even further lowered frequency and / or amplitude to ensure the transport of the parcels in the transfer zone. Brief Description of Drawings [057] Hereinafter, an advantageous embodiment of the invention will be described below

With reference to the accompanying drawings. The drawings show in:

Fig. 1 is a side view of a baking device according to the invention; FIG. 2 shows a side view of the supply device of the baking device according to the invention; FIG.

Fig. 3 is a plan view of the feeder of Fig. 2; Fig. 4 is a side view of the feeder with support means; and Fig. 5 is a plan view of the feeder with support means; 6 is an enlarged view of a portion of the feeding device and the

Support means;

Fig. 7 is a side view of the dispensing station; Fig. 8 is a plan view of the discharge station; 9 is a perspective view of a suspension element; 10 is a plan view of the sheet metal blank of a support means. 11 shows a sectional side view of the sheet metal blank after bending up the rear abutment surface;

12 shows a rear view of the sheet metal blank after bending up the side cheeks; Fig. 13 is a plan view of the support means;

Fig. 14 is a sectional side view of the support means;

15 shows a side view, cut in the plane behind a conveyor chain, of the support means fastened to a conveyor chain in the baking device, and FIG. 16 shows a view of an alternative embodiment of the slide surface cut according to the plane Y-Y in FIG.

The baking apparatus shown in FIG. 1 comprises a baking oven 1 for baking baking blanks or dough pieces, which are usually thawed, thawed or deep-frozen and / or automatically fed to the baking chamber of the baking oven 1. The oven 1 is thermally insulated and has a viewing window on the side 1 visible in FIG. 1. For clarity, the side wall of the oven 1 is shown transparent. The baking blanks are not shown in Fig. 1.

[059] For transporting the baking blanks into the oven 1, a transport device is provided, which has a pair of conveyor chains 2 spaced apart and parallel to each other. Again, for the sake of clarity, the course of the conveyor chains 2 in Fig. 1 is shown only by a thin line. Portions of the conveyor chains 2 can be seen in FIGS. 5, 6, 8 and 15. Since the conveyor chains 2 also run through the heated oven chamber of the oven 1, they are preferably made of heat-resistant materials, in particular steel.

Further, the baking apparatus of Fig. 1 comprises a feeding apparatus 3 consisting of a plurality of elements. On the one hand, two loading carriages 4 and 5 can be seen, on which baking blanks, in particular pre-baked rolls, are arranged in different positions. Below the loading car 4 and 5, a trough 6 is arranged, the bottom surface of which forms an inclined sliding surface 7.

[061] While the loading trolleys 4 and 5 are transposing baking blanks for bread rolls which fall onto the sliding surface 7, a supply magazine 8 for oblong baked goods, in particular baguettes, is arranged on the side of the loading trolley 5 facing the baking oven 1.

Between the conveyor chains 2 each transversely extending support means 9 are arranged, of which the baking blanks are taken up and transported into the oven chamber of the oven 1. In the baking chamber of the oven 1, the mutually parallel transport chains 2 meander-shaped, so that the support means 9 dwell for a sufficiently long time within the baking chamber of the oven 1. The support means 9 are attached to the conveyor chain pair in the manner of a nacelle. For this purpose, they are attached to a transversely to the conveyor chain pair 2 extending axis pivotally. Because of their lying below the pivot axis of gravity they remain without external action in the position shown in Fig. 1, in which their support surface extends substantially horizontally or optionally one small angle is inclined to the right in Fig. 1 side down.

At the exit from the baking chamber of the oven 1, a dispensing station 10 is provided, at which the baked goods are removed from the support means 9. The exact function of the dispensing station 10 will be described in connection with Figs. 7 and 8.

In FIGS. 2 and 3, the trough 6 can be seen, with which the back blanks 11 for

Buns separated and discharged to the support means 9. The tub 6 is arranged inclined to the horizontal plane by about 7 °, so that its bottom forms a sliding surface 7 for the baking blanks 11. The sliding surface 7 is bounded on the sides by the side walls 20 of the tub and divided therebetween by four mutually parallel ribs 12, so that five mutually parallel strips are formed whose width is slightly larger than the width of a baking blank 11. The height of the ribs 12 should correspond to at least half the height of the baking blanks 11, but may also be higher.

As can be seen in FIG. 9, instead of the ribs, a sawtooth-shaped profile of the sliding surface T can be provided. The sliding surface T has successively in the transverse direction, i. transverse to the conveying direction in the extension shown in Fig. 9, a sawtooth-like profile with oblique bearing portions 30 and substantially vertical guide surfaces 31. The width of the support sections 30 is slightly larger than the width of a back blank 11. The back blanks 11 are thereby guided only on one side by the guide surface 31. This reduces the risk that they are trapped between two ribs. In addition, the oblique position of the support portions 30 of the guide surfaces 31 in the transverse direction, that the baking blanks 11 assume a defined position to each other, and - as shown in Fig. 9 recognizable - abut against a guide surface 31.

The entire pan 6 is preferably made of stainless steel sheet. The sheet may have a profile with small protrusions, whereby the contact area between the baking blanks 11 and the sliding surface 7,7 'is reduced. Since the baking blanks 11 are mostly unbaked or only briefly baked dough pieces which adhere to the sliding surface 7, 7 ', the reduction of the contact surface reduces the adhesion of the baking blanks to the sliding surface 7, 7'.

[067] The tub 6 is provided with an electromagnetic vibration device.

For this purpose, the tub 6 is connected via leaf springs 13 with a counterweight 14 below the tub 6. The counterweight 14 is also secured by springs on the foundation. At the counterweight 14 two MagDnetspulen 15 are arranged, which cooperate with a respective magnetic yoke 16 on the trough 6. By acting on the magnetic coil 15 with a periodically changing current, a force bending the springs 13 is generated which changes synchronously with the current. hereby swing the masses of the tub 6 and the counterweight 14 relative to each other. By appropriate design of the springs and the masses vibration movements of the tub 6 can be achieved, which cause a very effective promotion. By variable control of the magnetic coils 15, different Schwingungs¬ frequencies and amplitudes can be adjusted. Such a vibratory linear conveyor is described for example in German Patent DE 41 23 776 C2. He works with optimal spring design very quiet and transmits only small vibrations on the foundation.

The sliding surface 7 of the tub 6 passes through this vibration drive

Vibrations from which back blanks 11 transported on the tub 6 in the direction of the illustrated in Fig. 2 right end portion 17 of the tub 6. Such as. recognizable in Fig. 3, the end portion 17 of the trough 7 is provided with slots 18. The tub 6 is preferably made of sturdy sheet metal. In the illustrated embodiment, the end portion 17 of the tub 6 consists of individual elongated metal strips 19, wherein the slots 18 each extend between two metal strips 19 or between a metal strip 19 and a rib 12 and a side wall 20 of the trough 6. The ends of the metal strips 19 of the tub 6 are bent upwards and form upwardly projecting stops 20. These stops 20 prevent the back blanks 11 from slipping off the slotted portion 17 of the tub 6.

In operation, thus on the tub 6 striking back blanks by the

Vibration of the tub 6 isolated and slip in each case in one of the strips formed by the ribs 12 of the tub 6 along the sliding surface 7 down until they are in the position shown in FIGS. 2 and 3. At the upper edge of the side walls 20, a scraper rail 22 is disposed near the end portion 17. The stripping rail 22 has a distance from the sliding surface 7, which is greater than the height of the baking blanks 11. However, the distance from the sliding surface 7 is smaller than twice the height of the baking blanks 11. This causes that in the case in which two back blanks 11 lie one above the other, the upper back blank 11 at the Ab¬ streif rail 22 gets stuck. Due to the further promotion of the lower back blank, the upper back blank 11 sets behind the lower, so that only one layer of baking blanks in the end portion 17 of the tub 6 is moved. In this way it is avoided that adhering to each other and superimposed baking blanks are transported into the oven 1.

[070] Alternatively, the scraper rail can also be above the movement path of the

Tragmittels 9 are arranged. As can be seen in FIG. 1, the conveying chain pair 2 extends horizontally away from the trough directly above the end region 17 of the trough 6. Shortly behind the guide pinion 29 for the conveyor chains 2, a scraper rail can be mounted above the chain pair, the adhering one above the other Back blanks 11 of the support means 9 back on the tub 6 raises.

[071] FIGS. 4 to 6 show the interaction of the trough 6 with the suspension elements 9. As can be seen in Fig. 4, each support means 9 is pivotally mounted about a pivot axis 23 on the pair of conveyor chains 2. The lower bearing surface of each support means 9 is formed by a number of tines 24. The tines 24 form projections for supporting the baking blanks. Each tine 24 is designed such that it projects into a slot 18 at the end portion 17 of the trough 6 (see in particular Fig. 6). In the position shown in Figs. 5 and 6, the meshing with the slots 18 of the tub 6 support means 9 is moved by the conveyor chains 2 vertically upwards. In this case, the foremost row of baking blanks 11 is lifted and taken away by the prongs 24 of the suspension element 9.

So that during this process, the material of the vibrating trough 6 does not strike against the tines 24 of the support means 9, a sufficient distance of several millimeters between the metal strip 19 at the end portion 17 of the trough 6 and the tines 24 of the support means 9 is released is greater than the maximum amplitude of the vibration movement of the tub. 6

By the described feeding device 3 with vibrating sliding surface 7, which is slotted at its end portion 17, and which cooperates with comb-like support means 9, it is ensured that each support means 9 is equipped in the same way with baking blanks 11 for bread rolls. The baking blanks 11 are not superimposed and have mutually substantially constant distances. This ensures a uniform heating of all the baking blanks 11 during baking. Compared to conventional ovens, in which the baking blanks 11 are fed to a baking tray, the comb-like support means 9 of the back device according to the invention additionally enables a uniform heating from below. This avoids that the underside of the baking blank 11 is heated too strong or too weak.

[074] The delivery of the back blanks 11 can be similar to their recording by a comb-like support means is moved vertically from top to bottom of a hereby combing removal means over.

In the embodiment shown in the drawings, however, the finished baked goods 11 'are dropped.

At this Abga¬ station 10 run the conveyor chains 2 of the conveyor chain pair to a pair of gears 25, which are rotatably mounted on a common shaft 26. The shaft 26 is rotated by an electric drive motor 27 in rotation and drives the two conveyor chains 2 of the transport device.

As can be seen in particular in FIG. 7, the radius of the two gearwheels 25 smaller than the distance of the rear corner 28 in the transport direction of the support means 9 of the pivot axis 23. In the deflection of the conveyor chains 2 to the gears 25 therefore sits the rear end of the support means 9 on the shaft 26. As can be seen in FIGS. 7 and 8, the support means 9 inclines so far forward that the baked goods 11 'finished after the passage through the oven 1 (FIG. 1) fall off the carrier 9. Subsequently, the baked goods 11 'can be fed to their final destination by a chute or other conveyor. The final destination is preferably a removal container from which customers can take the finished baked goods 11 '.

The rotational speed of the shaft 26 corresponds to the rotational speed of the shaft

Thus, any relative movement between the shaft 26 and the rear corner 28 of the support means 9, which rests on the shaft 26, is avoided. This is particularly advantageous since in this way no abrasive particles can reach the baked goods 11 'transported by the suspension means 9.

[079] The suspension element 9 according to the invention is shown in detail in FIG. 9. It is made of a blank made of stainless steel sheet. It comprises two mutually opposite side cheeks 30. In each side cheek 30 two control openings 31 and a hole 32 for receiving a pivot axis 23 are provided.

Further, the tines 24 can be seen, which are curved concavely upward and have on their top hump 33. The tines 24 consists of cut sheet metal sections, which are bent by 90 ° to the horizontal plane of the sheet, so that their narrow sides are up. For this reason and due to the overhead humps 33, the support means 9 only a very small contact surface with the resting on them backs. In Fig. 9 it can be seen that the tines 24 are bent in the region of its root 34 so that they are rotated to the horizontal by 90 °.

[081] At the area opposite the tines 24, the suspension element 9 has a rear abutment surface 35. The rear abutment surface 35 is formed lattice-like, so that they also can not form large contact surfaces to the overlying back blank and allows the passage of hot air inside the oven.

[082] Finally, in FIG. 9, the guide pin 36 can be seen, which serves to secure the

To carry suspension means along a predetermined path.

[083] FIGS. 10 to 14 show the production method for the suspension element.

First, a sheet metal blank according to FIG. 10 is cut out. At this Blech¬ cut are in the plane of the sheet, the side cheeks 30 with control openings 31st and the holes 32 and the rear abutment surface 35 and the prongs 24 ausge¬ cut. This is done usefully by punching or cutting with a laser.

The rear abutment surface 35 is bent upwards at an angle of approximately 60 ° with respect to the sheet metal blank (see FIG. 11). The side cheeks 30 are bent up by exactly 90 ° to the main plane of the sheet metal blank. In this case, the guide pin 36 remains in the plane of the sheet metal blank and protrudes laterally.

Subsequently, the slightly bent tines 24 with a suitable

Tool rotated until they extend in the finished Trögel 9 parallel to the plane of Sei¬ tenwangen 30 (see Figs. 13 and 14).

[086] Built-in suspension elements 9 can be seen in particular in FIG. 15. FIG. 15 shows a conveyor chain 2 of the conveyor chain pair in the area of a reversing pinion 29. It can be seen that below the straight section of the conveyor chain 2 the light source of a light barrier 37 is provided whose receiver is arranged on the opposite side. As soon as a suspension element 9 is moved forwards in the conveying direction which can be recognized by the arrow above the conveyor chain 2, it covers the light barrier 37 when the light curtain protrudes. The signal of the receiver of the light barrier, not shown, at this moment indicates that a suspension element is moved into the light barrier.

[087] As soon as one of the control openings 31 is moved past the light barrier 37, light again falls on the receiver of the light barrier, if no back blank rests on the suspension element 9. This signal can be used to control the baking device. Likewise, in the resting back blank either in the area of the front or the rear of the control openings 31, the path of the light is blocked, so that a filling of the support means 9 can be seen and allows further control of the baking device.

By way of example, conveying means arranged downstream of the oven can be used on the basis of

Photocell signal, which signals the presence of a baking blank, are activated. The detection of the baking blanks is sufficient at the position shown in front of the oven. The light barrier 37 generates at each further support means 9, a new signal, so that in time the number of the photocell 37 continuous support means can be detected. The further processing positions, for example, the exit from the oven or the transfer point for the finished baked goods, is removed by a certain length of the conveyor chain 2 and thus a certain number of equidistantly arranged support means 9. As a result of the recording of the signals of the light barrier, the number of carrying means 9 that has passed through can be recorded so that its current position in the installation and in particular for each particular suspension element with its detected filling state is known with respect to the further processing stations of the baking devices. LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1 oven

2 conveyor chain, transport device

3 feeder

4 loading trolleys

5 loading trolleys

6 tub

7 sliding surface

8 storage carousel

9 suspension

10 delivery station

11 Back blank 11 'baked good

12 rib

13 leaf spring

14 countermass

15 magnetic coil

16 magnetic yoke

17 end section

18 slot

19 metal strips

20 sidewall

21 stop

22 scraper rail

23 pivot axis

24 tines, projection

25 gear

26 wave

27 drive motor

28 back corner

29 deflecting pinion

30 side cheek

31 control openings

32 holes

33 humps

34 root

35 rear contact surface Guide bolt Photocell Support section Guide surface

Claims

claims

Supporting means (9) for the transport of baking blanks (11) through the interior of a baking oven (1), characterized in that the support means (9) has projections (24) for placing the baking blanks.

Supporting means (9) according to claim 1, characterized in that the projections

(24) are formed by comb-like prongs (24).

Supporting means (9) according to 1 or 2, characterized in that the projections (24) have a distance from one another which corresponds to a multiple of the width of the projections (24).

Supporting means (9) according to claim 3, characterized in that the projections

(24) have a width of the order of 1 mm and the distance between the projections (24) to each other between 10 and 40 mm.

Supporting means (9) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized ge indicates that the upper sides of the projections (24) are provided with projections (33) or prongs.

Supporting means (9) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized ge indicates that the projections (24) are cut out of a metal sheet and are rotated at its root by 90 ° to the plane of the sheet.

Supporting means (9) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized ge indicates that the projections (24) extend substantially horizontally and are convexly curved downwards, so that their upper side forms a Auf¬ receiving recess for the baking blanks.

Supporting means (9) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized ge indicates that it has an upwardly angled rear abutment surface (35), which is preferably formed as an open grid.

Supporting means (9) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized ge indicates that it has two opposing side cheeks (30) extending above the projections (24).

Supporting means (9) according to claim 9, characterized in that the side cheeks (30) have at least one pair of mutually aligned control openings (31) for the passage of the light beam of a light barrier (37).

Supporting means (9) according to claim 10, characterized in that a portion of a control opening (31) near the front end of each side cheek (30) and a portion of a control opening (31) near the rear end of each side cheek (30) is arranged ,

Supporting means (9) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized ge indicates that its two lateral ends above the projections (24) pivotally mounted on two synchronously driven conveyor chains (2) are attached. [013] Carrying means (9) according to claim 12, characterized in that at least one of its lateral ends has at least one guide pin (36) projecting laterally and intended to cooperate with a guide rail. [014] Method for producing a suspension element (9) according to one of the preceding

Claims, characterized in that projections (24), in particular prongs, are cut out of a sheet metal. Method according to claim 14, characterized in that the projections

(24) are cut by punching tools or a laser beam. [016] Method according to claim 14 or 15, characterized in that the

Projections (24) are cut bent and on at least one side

Have humps (33) or prongs. Method according to claim 16, characterized in that the projections

(24) rotated at its root by 90 ° so that the bosses (33) or prongs and the concave side of the bend are at the top. Method according to one of claims 14 to 17, characterized in that at least one of the following further elements is cut out of the metal sheet:

- Rear abutment surface (35);

- side cheeks (30);

- control openings (31);

- Guide pin (36).

[019] Baking device with an oven (1), a feeding device (3) for the

Supply of baking blanks (11) and a transport device (2) for transporting the baking blanks (11) from the feed device (3) through the interior of the oven (1) to a dispensing station (10) at which the finished baked goods (H ') are delivered, wherein the transport device comprises support means (9) according to one of the preceding claims 1 to 13.

[020] Baking apparatus according to Claim 19, characterized in that the supply device (3) has recesses (18) which interact with the projections (24) of the suspension element (9), the projections (24) being in the transport movement of the Transport device (2) are moved through the recesses.

Baking device according to Claim 20, characterized in that the supply device (3) has a section (17) with a plurality of parallel slots (18) and the carrying means (9) has comb-like tines (24) which move during the transport movement the transport device (2) with the slots (18) of the accessory drive device (3) comb.

[022] Baking device according to claim 20 or 21, characterized in that the

Transport device comprises a pair of spaced and parallel to each other circulating conveyor chains (2) on which the support means (9) are attached.

Baking device according to claim 21 or 22, characterized in that the

Supply device has an inclined sliding surface (7) which is coupled to a Vibrati¬ onsvorrichtung (13-16), wherein the portion (17) with slots (18) at the lower end of the inclined sliding surface (7) is arranged.

Baking apparatus according to claim 23, characterized in that the width of each slot (18) is greater than the width of the comb-like prongs (24) plus the maximum vibratory movement of the sliding surface (7) transverse to the longitudinal direction of the prongs (24).

[025] Baking device according to one of claims 23 or 24, characterized ge indicates that above the sliding surface (7) or above the Transport¬ device (2) a scraper rail (22) is arranged.

[026] Baking device according to one of claims 23 to 25, characterized

in that the sliding surface (7) is provided in the longitudinal direction with ribs (12), the distance between two ribs (12) substantially corresponding to the width of a baking blank (11).

[027] Baking device according to one of claims 23 to 25, characterized

in that the sliding surface (7 ') in the transverse direction has a sawtooth-like profile with oblique support sections (38) and substantially vertical guide surfaces (39).

Baking device according to claim 27, characterized in that the width of the support sections (38) is slightly larger than the width of a back blank (11).

Baking device according to one of claims 22 to 28, characterized

in that the suspension element (9) is suspended pivotably on the conveyor chains (2).

[030] Baking device according to one of claims 22 to 29, characterized

in that the conveyor chain (2) moves in a vertical direction from bottom to top past the section (17) of the feed device (3) provided with slots (18).

[031] Baking device according to one of claims 20 to 30, characterized

in that at least one laterally projecting guide pin is arranged on at least one lateral end of the suspension element (9) and that a guide rail for guiding the guide pin is provided in the region of the feed device (3).