WO2006040046A1

WO2006040046A1 - Insulating element

Info

Publication number: WO2006040046A1
Application number: PCT/EP2005/010696
Authority: WO
Inventors: Gerd-Rüdiger Klose
Original assignee: Deutsche Rockwool Mineralwoll Gmbh & Co. Ohg
Priority date: 2004-10-07
Filing date: 2005-10-05
Publication date: 2006-04-20
Also published as: SI1799927T1; DE502005010591D1; EP1799927A1; EP1799927B1; ATE489512T1; DE102005043092A1

Abstract

The invention relates to an insulating element comprising a molded body, produced from mineral fibers, preferably rock wool, in the form of a sheet or web including two large surfaces that are spaced apart in parallel and interlinked via lateral surfaces. Said lateral surfaces are aligned at a right angle in relation to each other. The mineral fibers extend substantially at a right angle to the large surfaces and therefore substantially in parallel to the lateral surfaces so that the compressive strength of the molded body in the direction of the normal to the surface of the large surfaces is higher than the compressive strength of the molded body in the direction of the normal to the surface of the lateral surfaces. The aim of the invention is to improve an insulating element of the aforementioned type so as to avoid the disadvantages described in the prior art and to provide an insulating element that can be simply assembled with adjacent insulating elements in a flush manner and that is tight and dimensionally stable especially in case of fire. For this purpose, molded elements (6) are arranged on at least one lateral surface (4), especially on two opposite lateral surfaces (4). Said molded elements (6) have a compressive strength in the direction of the normal to the surface of the large surfaces (3) that is lower than the compressive strength of the molded elements (6) in the direction of the normal to the surface of the lateral surfaces (4) on which the molded elements (6) are arranged.

Description

insulating element

The invention relates to an insulating element with a shaped body of mineral fibers, preferably rockwool, in the form of a plate or a web, with two large surfaces, the net angeord¬ at a distance and parallel to each other and are connected to each other via side surfaces, wherein the side surfaces are aligned at right angles to each other and the mineral fibers have a course substantially perpendicular to the large surfaces and thus substantially parallel to the side surfaces, so that the compressive strength of the Formkör¬ pers in the direction of the surface normal of the large surfaces is greater than the compressive strength of the molding in Direction of the surface normals of Seitenflä¬ chen.

Insulating elements are made for example of mineral fibers. The artificially produced glassy solidified mineral fibers have an average diameter of about 6 to 8 microns and are arranged in a very loose dreidi¬ dimensional heap and partially bound with predominantly organic binders.

The organic binders used are often thermosetting phenolic, formaldehyde and / or urea resins. Occasionally, a part of these resins is also substituted by polysaccharides. The resins contain small amounts of adhesion-promoting substances, such as silanes. In addition, film-forming thermoplastic binders are occasionally used for the binding of flexible insulating elements.

The proportions of organic binders in the insulating elements are low and are far from sufficient to point-wise connect all mineral fibers ideally. In order to obtain the property of incombustibility of the insulating elements and their elastic-resilient character and at the same time to limit the production costs, not more than about 12% by mass of the dry substance of the binder is generally used. For insulation made of rock wool, which are produced for example by means of cascade spinning machines, the insulating elements usually contain not more than about 2 to about 4.5% by mass of dry matter of the binder.

In general, it is necessary for insulating elements made of mineral fibers that they are designed to be primarily water repellent. This property, as well as the improved binding of the finest mineral fibers, that is to say a dust bond, is achieved by, for example, adding substances such as high-boiling mineral oils, oil-in-water emulsions, waxes, silicone oils and resins to the binder. These substances are referred to collectively as additives or as lubricants. For example, in the production of Dämm¬ material elements made of mineral fibers, especially rock wool, a proportion of 0.1 to about 0.4 mass% of mineral oil used in the binder. These mineral oils or additives or lubricants are distributed much more uniformly in the insulating material elements than the binder, with films forming on the mineral fibers having a material thickness of a few nanometers.

The binders are opaque to opaque as a compact body and are present in the insulating elements made of mineral fibers in relatively high dispersion as droplets or in film sections. In this dispersion, the binders are translucent, so that they are also permeable to UVA and UVB radiation. These radiation components, together with IR radiation, have a negative effect on the plastics in the binders, which thereby become brittle and, at the same time, discolor, for example, brownish. Since the radiation is effective up to the interfaces between the plastics of the binders and the surfaces of the mineral fibers, the adhesion and thus the strength of the insulating elements made of mineral fibers through the action of Sonnen¬ light decreases.

Furthermore, the mineral oils used lose their effectiveness under the action of these radiations. With regard to the mineral oils, the alternative is the use of oxidation-resistant silicone oils and resins. SiIi- However, koπöle and resins are not used because of the risk of contamination in an¬ adjacent components.

Due to the degradation of the binders, the insulating elements made of mineral fibers lose their strength and absorb water. At the same time, of course, their appearance changes, which is often rated at least as a visual defect. Although these weathering effects are limited to the respective surface layers of the insulating elements made of mineral fibers and the immediately underlying zones, yet this can be done by a continuous release of mineral fibers, which affects the environment.

Mineral fiber insulation elements are glued with their large surfaces with profiled sheets and form sandwich elements. The profiling of the sheets can be designed differently, wherein a sandwich element consists of a middle layer of insulating elements made of mineral fibers and two außen¬ lying profiled sheets. From such sandwich elements wer¬ made both building walls and roofs for buildings. The outer panels in the building are usually formed in these sandwich elements with a stronger profiling or with pronounced beads. For example, such sandwich elements are known whose outer sheet metal is formed wavy in the building. The internal panels in the building usually have only embossing and / or flat beads, which give these sheets a panel-like structure.

As between the sheets arranged insulating elements are those made of a non-combustible mineral wool with a melting point> 1000 ° C according to DIN 4101, Part 17 are used, which usually bulk densities of more than 100 kg / m ³ and in which the fibers predominantly in one steep storage and / or arranged at right angles to the large surfaces of the insulating element. The production of such insulating elements is described, for example, in US Pat. No. 5,981,024. The previously known from this document insulation elements have a web-like arrangement. The above-described orientation of the mineral fibers at right angles to the large surface In the first place, the increase in the transverse tensile strength of the insulating material elements at right angles to the large surfaces serves to increase the transverse tensile strength of the insulating material elements. By the web-like arrangement, the rigidity is increased parallel to the orientation of the web-like arrangement.

Recrystallization of the insulating material fibers, associated with shrinkage processes, occurs in the temperature range mentioned. The size of the shrinkage depends inter alia on the shape and arrangement of the mineral fibers, the packing density and / or the bulk density. In the case of mineral fibers lying flat on top of each other, the horizontal shrinkages, ie in the direction of the mineral fibers, are significantly lower than in a direction extending at right angles thereto.

For the production of sandwich elements, so-called mineral wool lamella plates or mineral wool lamellae are often used. These in turn are separated slice by slice in the desired thickness of insulation boards, which have previously been obtained from a multi-folded mineral fiber web. By far the most commonly used process technology for producing these mineral wool lamellae plates, a thin, impregnated with not yet consolidated binders and additives, humid primary mineral fiber web by means of a pendulum moving conveyor placed transversely on a second slow-speed conveyor. The individual layers of the mineral fiber web are stacked slightly stacked until reaching a desired height of a secondary mineral fiber web. The primary mineral fiber web is characterized by flake-like agglomerations in which the mineral fibers are preferably aligned parallel to the flow direction of the transport air in the collecting chambers and in which the mineral fibers are obviously more strongly impregnated with binders and water. On this primary mineral fiber web are the less or unbound mineral fibers or flakes, which have a different trajectory. In the case of the direct collection of mineral fibers, these are deposited at the desired height without further intermediate steps on a conveying device adapted to the performance of the fiberizing machine. The mineral fibers store here easily over and next to each other. A pronounced orientation in the horizontal usually does not take place. Here, too, different mineral fibers or flakes impregnated with binders are found.

The mineral fiber webs collected at maximum heights are then vertically compacted by means of conveying devices arranged at an angle to each other in order to transmit thrust forces from outside and to be able to induce a horizontally directed compression by delaying the conveying speed. Due to the superimposed upsetting movements, there is an intense unfolding of the mineral fibers. The core regions of the original primary mineral fiber web can be recognized as narrow band-like structures, between which mineral fibers are in rolled, but at least lesser, seal. These band-like densities are drawn in a seemingly horizontal position transversely through the folded mineral fiber web. After solidification of the mostly used thermosetting resin mixtures with the aid of hot air, the unfolded structure is fixed. In the case in question here

Gross density range of about 90 to about 160 kg / m ³ is currently the maximum thickness of insulation boards that can be produced in this way, about 200 mm.

In a longitudinal section, the band-like structures are arranged at right angles to separating surfaces of adjacent layers of the mineral fiber web, while the mineral fibers in these structures are oriented flat or at shallow angles thereto. Between the band-like structures, mineral fibers are in a loose bandage, reducing the shear strength in the horizontal direction. As part of sandwich elements, the mineral wool lamellae are either joined together to form large mineral wool lamella plates or successively glued onto a carrier layer.

The insulating elements are produced with smooth surfaces or surface contours formed to a large extent corresponding to a profiling of the metal sheets. Between the insulating elements and the sheets is an adhesive layer, preferably made of a polyurethane adhesive, with which the insulating material elements and the sheets provided with anticorrosive coatings are sufficiently coated so that the adhesive layer inter alia Also almost completely filled by dimensional tolerances cavities between the Dämm¬ material elements and the sheets. Finally, the bonding of the insulating elements with the sheets leads to solid tough plastic connections. In order to fulfill the two above-mentioned tasks of the adhesive layer, these adhesive layers with a material thickness between 0.5 and 5 mm are applied to the insulating elements or the metal sheets, with larger material thicknesses in the region of the vertexes of bends of the metal sheets the adhesive layer are applied.

The metal sheets form metallic cover layers, which are reinforced or corrugated in the longitudinal direction by profilings and usually additionally by flatter corrugations in order to increase their resistance moments. The outer layers in the building are more profiled, inter alia because of the weather protection, the water drainage as well as for architectural reasons than the inner layers lying in the building, which usually get flat contouring and corresponding beads and thus give a panel-like appearance.

The cover layers have edges which are shaped such that adjoining adjacent sandwich elements intermesh positively and, after the fastening of the sandwich elements to the supporting construction elements or layers, produce a sufficient adhesion. For example, in the case of roof elements, the connections are usually located outside the water-bearing joints or are additionally secured by sealing strips.

The side surfaces of the insulating elements are usually profiled on both sides. Tongue and groove connections are known which are supplemented by a plurality of folds arranged symmetrically or asymmetrically over the median plane and thus additionally give the compounds the characteristic of a labyrinth seal. The Profiiierungen have tight dimensional tolerances, so that only very narrow joints between the Dämmstoffeiementen be formed. This should prevent convection currents over the joints and the entry of moisture into the insulation or at least significantly reduced. In the same In the same sense, the thermal bridge effect of the joints is reduced. The production of the profiles of the insulating elements is a complex process.

Vapor-retarding coatings or impregnations can reduce or eliminate the negative effects of joint design. Due to the predominant arrangement of the mineral fibers at right angles to the large surfaces of the insulating elements and the layering of the individual mineral fiber layers, the profilings can easily be compressed in parallel thereto. A disadvantage is that regularly present binder-free or low-poor areas of the insulating elements weaken the strength of profiling and easily deform, so that it already damaged during manufacture, but especially during storage, transport or assembly of the sandwich elements or even completely sheared off. Changing outside temperatures or solar radiation furthermore lead to strong expansions of the outer cover layers. The insulating elements made of mineral fibers are not subject to thermally induced changes in shape in this temperature range. In a fire attack, the outer layers gape very quickly, so that the insulating elements are exposed to the direct action of hot Brand¬ gases and the associated radiation directly. In the case of roof elements and in the upper part of wall elements of buildings, there is also a thermally induced buoyancy which presses the combustion gases into the insulation elements. Particularly in the case of filigree profilings, shrinkage can also occur in deeper joint regions, which preferably occur at right angles to the orientation of the mineral fibers and can thereby expand the joints. With each expansion of the joint areas, the effect of the fire attack increases until the seal of the joint areas fails.

The advantage of these sandwich elements in comparison to components made of sheet metal shells arranged at a distance from one another and a polyurethane or polyisocyanurate foam located between the sheet metal shells is nevertheless in particular that the fire load of the sandwich elements with the insulating elements arranged between the sheet metal shells from mineral fibers and to reduce the fire resistance of such components. is increased. Thus, such sandwich elements can be used not only as building components for walls and roofs, but also as fire protection panels.

The insulating elements made of mineral fibers have two large surfaces, which have already been described above to the effect that they are glued to the Ble¬ chen. In addition, the insulating elements made of mineral fibers have four side surfaces, which are generally aligned at right angles to one another and connect at right angles to the surfaces and connect these spaced-apart surfaces with one another. At least one side surface, but in particular two oppositely disposed side surfaces, have a profiling, as shown for example in DE-A-41 33 416 as a groove or tongue. This profiling allows a joint-tight collision of adjacent insulating elements made of mineral fibers, wherein thermal bridges are substantially avoided by discontinuities between adjacent Dämmstoffele¬ elements made of mineral fibers.

As a result of these profilings, in particular of the longitudinal side surfaces and a shape of the metal sheets tailored to them, it is possible to form-fit the individual sandwich elements formed with minimum thicknesses of the order of magnitude of 75 mm and approximately 600 mm and widths of up to approximately 1200 mm ¬ to connect other. In this case, the most pronounced profiling has proven to be advantageous so that the joints between adjacent sandwich elements remain closed in the event of fire despite the inevitable distortions of the metallic sheets. Preferably, a spring is formed on one longitudinal side of the insulating element and a groove is formed on the opposite, parallel side surface, wherein the spring completely fills the groove. In addition, strip-like formations may be provided which further improve the sealing of the above-described joints of adjacent insulating elements,

The above-described sandwich elements are connected after their Verle¬ supply in the wall or ceiling area with a support structure. For this are fasteners, such as screws used with which the sandwich elements anchored to the support structure and the cover plates are positively connected to each other.

Due to the design of the edge regions of the sheets longitudinal joints are covered so that they are not exposed to the weather. However, the side surfaces of the sandwich elements remain open, whereby it is customary in the field of designing a roof out of such sandwich elements to cover these side surfaces through upper and lower ridge plates toward the outside and towards the interior. Along the eaves, the side surfaces are covered by a abge¬ edged sheet metal, which is inserted between the supporting structure or the Dachun¬ terkonstruktion, a gutter inlet plate and the lower plate of the sandwich element and fastened together with the two sheets of the sandwich element.

However, the different configurations of such sandwich elements make it necessary that corresponding sheets are exactly matched to the sandwich elements, so that the required cover sheets must be held and processed according to the sandwich elements to be used. In addition, a wind baffle is provided in the roof area, which takes over a part of the weather protection and is fixed on the outside in the building sheet metal of the sandwich element.

Based on this prior art, the invention is the object of the invention to further develop an insulating element such that the above-described disadvantages of the prior art are avoided and the insulating element further in a simple assembly with adjacent insulating elements in a joint-tight connection assembled and ins¬ special is tight and dimensionally stable in case of fire.

To solve this problem is provided by an insulating element that is on at least one side surface, in particular on two gegen¬ opposite arranged side surfaces moldings or are, wherein the molding parts have a compressive strength in the direction of the surface normal of the large Oberflä¬ chen, which is lower than the compressive strength of the molded parts in the direction of the surface normal of the side surfaces on which the moldings are arranged.

The dam element element according to the invention thus consists of a molded body and at least one molded part which is arranged in the region of a side surface of the molded article. The molded article has an orientation of the mineral fibers substantially perpendicular to its large surfaces, while the molded article has a compressive strength in the direction of the surface normal of the large surfaces, which is lower than the compressive strength of the molded article in the direction of the surface normal of the side surface on which the molded article is disposed is. As a rule, two oppositely arranged side surfaces have correspondingly shaped parts. In this dam element, it is advantageous that the molded body in the direction of its surface normal of the large surfaces has a high compressive strength, so that the Formkorper can withstand high pressure loads on its large surfaces. In contrast, the molded part is designed such that it is designed to be compressible in the direction of the flat normal of the large surfaces of the shaped body, so that mating parts to be joined can be formed with a slight oversize and then form a smoke and fire-tight joint seal. This joint seal also remains tight in the case that different coefficients of expansion of the shaped body, the moldings and a cover layer optionally arranged on the shaped body are given in the form of a profiled sheet. According to a further feature of the invention, it is provided that the molded parts consist of bonded mineral fibers. In this embodiment, it is additionally provided that the molded parts have an orientation of the mineral fibers at right angles to the mineral fibers of the shaped body. Thus, the mineral fibers of the molded parts run at right angles to the mineral fibers of the molded body, so that the different compressive strengths of shaped bodies and moldings are easily adjusted by the orientation of the mineral fibers A further development of the invention provides that the molded parts are connected to the molded article and / or to a cover layer arranged on at least one large surface of the molded article, for example a metal sheet which is in particular profiled. The connection between moldings and moldings leads to a ready-to-install insulating element, wherein the production is substantially simplified and errors are excluded with regard to the correct assignment of moldings and moldings.

One possibility of the connection between the molded parts and the molded body and / or between the molded body and the sheet metal shell and / or between the molded parts and the sheet metal shell is given by the fact that an adhesive layer is disposed between the structural elements to be connected. The adhesive layer may have a full or partial area, with particular adhesives or adhesives having been found to be particularly suitable for the adhesive layer.

An alternative connection of the construction elements is that the moldings are positively connected to the molding, for example via a Steckver¬ bond. Of course, moldings and moldings can also be adhesively bonded with a positive connection.

According to a further feature of the invention, it is provided that the two shaped parts of a shaped body have correspondingly designed outer surfaces, which makes possible a form-fitting connection of adjacently arranged insulating material elements. For example, the correspondingly formed outer surfaces can in the simplest manner be designed as a groove on the one hand and a spring on the other hand.

It is further contemplated that the moldings have a deviating from the bulk density of the molding, in particular reduced bulk density. Due to the reduced bulk density, the elastic-resilient properties of the molded parts are improved, as a result of which an elastically resilient connection between adjacent insulation elements is also possible, the relative movements adjacent to each other being possible. ter insulation elements to each other in a substantially simplified form permits. However, the configuration of the molded parts with an increased density can also be advantageous, as this can significantly reduce the influence of the fiber orientation on the shrinkage behavior.

It is provided according to a further feature of the invention that the moldings have up to 25 mass% embedded granular constituents which dehydrate at higher temperatures, especially in case of fire and split off carbon dioxide. These substances can be introduced alone or in mixtures with each other. The elimination of gases in case of fire, a back pressure in the joint area to be built, which is to complicate the passage of flue gases.

The molded parts made of mineral fibers preferably have inorganic binders, such as, for example, organically modified silanes (ormosils), water glasses, silica sol or the like.

By coating the outer surfaces of the moldings, these regions of the insulating element made of mineral fibers are additionally protected against the effects of weathering. In addition, this coating leads to a stabilization of the outer surface in the region of the molded parts, whereby the release of mineral fibers and thus also of dust-like particles is reduced. When selecting the materials suitable for the coating, it should be noted that they should not change the class of materials of the insulating elements. This applies in particular to those materials which are introduced or applied from mineral fibers following the production of the insulating elements, although thin layers of such a coating may not play a notable role even in the event of fire, even if combustible materials are concerned.

Therefore, the formation of the coating from a dispersion silicate paint according to DIN 18363 has proven to be particularly suitable. Such a dispersion silicate paint can be applied to the outer surfaces of the molded parts in a simple and, in particular, covering manner. Although silicate paints or dispersion Ons silicate paints according to DIN 18363 usually organic polymer dispersions, for example, pure acrylates, styrene-acrylates or terpolymers and other or¬ ganische dispersants, stabilizers, rheological additives, Filmbildehilfsmit¬ tel and water repellents, but these components are low in such a gene Proportion that an impairment of the building material class of so aus¬ finally machined in the field of external surfaces insulating elements made of mineral fibers is not given.

The silicate paints or dispersion silicate paints mentioned above contain fillers and pigments as the largest components in terms of quantity. In order to achieve a constant effectiveness of the silicate paints or dispersion silicate paints, including good adhesion to the substrate, namely the mineral fibers, as well as a sufficient weathering resistance, the fillers and pigments are selected such that they have as little as possible with the silicate binders of the insulating elements react from mineral fibers. The fillers and pigments are preferably selected such that a reaction between these fillers and pigments and the silicate binders does not take place.

According to a further feature of the invention, it is provided that the coating consists of water glass, in particular of potassium water glass and / or sodium water glass. These constituents can also be used in the customary color systems of silicate paints or dispersion silicate paints, since in particular the sodium carbonate hydrate which forms in the event of a fire has a positive effect on the braking behavior of the insulating element.

According to a development of this embodiment, it is provided that the water glass is mixed with a polymer dispersion and / or fillers, such as, for example, dolomite, kaolin or the like. These fillers react with the water glass. Organically modified silanes are provided here as suitable organic binders. Preferably, the coating is multi-layered, wherein at least one layer of water glass and at least one layer consists of a polymer dispersion.

It is provided according to a feature of the invention that the shaped parts have surfaces that are aligned substantially parallel to the large surfaces of the Formkör¬ pers and has surfaces that are aligned substantially parallel to the side surfaces of the shaped body, wherein the substantially parallel surfaces facing the large surfaces have the coating and the surfaces aligned substantially parallel to the side surfaces are free of coating. For example, the molded parts may have a profiling which has flanks extending parallel or obliquely to the large surfaces. In the embodiment described above thus remain end faces of the profiling, namely, for example, a groove base and on the groove base in nested neighboring Dämmstoff¬ elements resting web of a spring of the adjacent insulating element free of binder, so that the elasticity of the insulating elements is maintained in this area. As a result, the adaptability of the insulating elements is increased. By way of example, manufacturing tolerances of the insulating material elements in the region of the molded parts can also be compensated thereby.

It is further contemplated that the coating is formed film-forming and in particular water vapor-braking, so that in the joints between adjacent insulating elements at least a water vapor-braking effect is achieved, which at least greatly limits the diffusion of water vapor.

According to a further feature of the invention, it is provided that the coating has a lamination, in particular a metal foil, which improves the water vapor-damping effect and acts as a water vapor barrier.

The coating is partially formed as impregnation, which is incorporated in a near-surface area of the molded parts. This will improve te adhesion of the coating to the hydrophobic mineral fibers er¬ aims.

According to a further feature of the invention, it is provided that the molded parts in the region of the surfaces aligned substantially parallel to the side surfaces have a coating which deviates from the coating to the surfaces of the molded parts which are aligned essentially parallel to the large surfaces. In particular, it is provided that the coating in the region of the surfaces aligned substantially parallel to the side surfaces consists of a silicatic primer and a dispersion silicate paint applied thereto in accordance with DIN 18363 or a paint applied thereto based on synthetic latices.

Furthermore, it is provided in an insulating element according to the invention that the free edges of the moldings have chamfers, which are in particular of Vor¬ part when the profiling are laminated in the region of their surfaces with metallic cover layers. The chamfers counteract any possible formation of gaps between the metallic cover layers on the one hand and an adhesive and insulating layer on the other hand and thus a capillary water absorption. The same applies with regard to a possible gap formation between the adhesive layer and the insulating material layer.

According to a development of the insulating element according to the invention it is provided that between the molded body and at least one molded part, a separation surface is formed, which is substantially anti-parallel to the surface normal of the large surface of the shaped body. Preferably, this Trenn¬ surface is partially curved. The effect of this anti-parallel to Flächen¬ normal of the large surfaces extending separation surface is that a applied to the insulating element, in a building outer cover layer presses through the fasteners on the compressible in a direction perpendicular to the surface normal of the large surfaces of the insulating body molding and it on this way to re-storage of an adjacent insulating element in the form of perpendicular to the large surfaces of the Mold body extending mineral fibers pressed. An additional seal can be provided here by the way by additional fold-like projections.

According to a further feature of the invention, the moldings may consist of mineral fibers and thermostable materials which are preferably gas-splitting at higher temperatures, in particular in case of fire. It has also proven to be advantageous to form the molded articles with a bulk density of between 150 and 1000 kg / m ³ , preferably between 180 and 400 kg / m ³ . Finally, it is advantageous according to a further feature of the invention, an inventive insulating element as a middle layer, in particular as a core layer in one

To use sandwich element, which externally has two outer layers, preferably in the form of profiled or corrugated metal sheets and ins¬ particular as a wall and / or ceiling element of a building can be used.

Further features and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the following description of the accompanying drawings in which preferred embodiments of an insulating element made of mineral fibers are shown. In the drawing show:

Figure 1 shows a first embodiment of an insulating element of Mineral¬ fibers in longitudinal section;

Figure 2 shows a second embodiment of an insulating element

Mineral fibers in longitudinal section and

Figure 3 two juxtaposed insulating elements in Längs¬ cut.

An insulating element 1 shown in FIG. 1 consists of a molded body 5 made of mineral fibers 2 bonded with binders. The molded body 5 has two large surfaces 3, which are arranged at a spacing and parallel to one another. The large surfaces 3 are connected via four side surfaces 4 miteinan¬, wherein in Figure 1, only three side surfaces 4 are shown, the parallel and at right angles to the large surfaces 3 are aligned.

The mineral fibers 2 have in the molded body 5 a course perpendicular to the large surfaces 3, so that the molded body 5 in the direction of Flächennor¬ paint the large surfaces 3 pressure-resistant and in the direction of the surface normal of the side surfaces 4 on the other hand flexible or compressible.

Shaped parts 6 are arranged on two opposite side surfaces 4 of the molded body 5, with two different fastening methods for the molded parts 6 in the molded body 5 being shown by way of example in FIG. The two mold parts 6 on the opposite side surfaces 4 are formed so korrespon¬ dierend each other, that the one molded part 6 has a spring 7 which is in a corresponding groove 8 in the second mold part 6 form-fitting and sealing inserted.

The molded parts 6 essentially consist of mineral fibers 2, which are aligned at right angles to the fiber path of the mineral fibers 2 in the molded body 5 and thus at right angles to the surface normals of the large surfaces 3 of the molded body 5. Consequently, the molded parts 6 have a greater compressibility and thus lower compressive strength compared to the molded body 5 in the direction of the surface normal of the large surfaces 3 of the molded body 5, than the molded body 5. The joining of the molded parts 6 adjacent angeord¬ ned insulating elements 1 is thus substantially simplified , At the same time, the mold parts 6, in particular in the region of the spring 7 or the groove 8, may be formed with a slight oversize which, due to the compressibility of the spring 7 or the groove walls when the mold parts 6 are adjacent to one another, forms a positive and frictional engagement of groove 8 and spring 7 allows.

The molded part 1 shown on the right in FIG. 1 has a nose 9, which can be inserted in a form-fitting manner into a corresponding recess 10 in the molded body 5. The nose 9 and the recess 10 form a positive connection of the molded part 6 with the molded body. 5

The left mold part 6 is glued to the molded body 5, wherein on the side surface 4 of the shaped body 5, an adhesive layer 11 is applied from a hot melt adhesive over the entire surface.

In addition, it is provided that the bulk density of the moldings 6 compared to the density of the molded body 5 is formed smaller, wherein the moldings 6 has a density of 180 kg / m ³ and the molded body 5 has a density of 220 kg / m ³ .

Figure 2 shows a second embodiment of an insulating element 1, wherein identical structural elements are designated by like reference numerals. The embodiment of the insulating element 1 according to Figure 1 differs from the embodiment of the insulating element 1 according to Figure 1, that the mold parts 6 are formed differently.

On the one hand, FIG. 2 shows on the right a shaped part 6, which consists of mineral fibers 2, which are arranged in an unordered orientation, but in total one

Form molding 6 whose compressive strength in the direction of the surface normal of the large surfaces 3 of the molding 5 is less than the compressive strength of the molding 5 in the direction of the surface normal of its large surfaces. 3

A molded part 6 shown on the left in FIG. 2 likewise has mineral fibers 2, which are arranged at least partially in loops at least in the central area, while in other areas parallel aligned mineral fibers 2 or substructures are provided, which in turn lead to a corresponding compressive strength of the Form part 6 compared to the molded body 5 lead.

Finally, Figure 3 shows two juxtaposed insulating elements 1, wherein the right arranged insulating element 1 is formed with a shaped body 5 and a molded part 6, as shown in Figure 1. Between the shaped body 5 and the molded part 6 of the insulating element 1 shown on the right in FIG. 3, a separating surface 12 is formed, which extends in a circular arc from the upper, large surface 3 in a section 13 perpendicular to the lower, large surface 3 of the shaped body 5 is aligned.

The insulation elements 1 described above can be connected in an advantageous manner with profiled sheet metal elements not shown in detail, which form together with the insulation element provided as Kemschicht 1 a sandwich element which can be used in a special way as a wall or ceiling element of a building. The profiled or corrugated sheet-metal elements which are provided as cover layers can be bonded both to the molded body 5 and to the molded part 6. It is also conceivable to adhere exclusively the molded parts 6 to the cover layers, wherein the molded article 5 can be arranged in a clamping manner between the previously fixed molded parts 6 at a right angle to the surface normals of its large surfaces 3 due to its compressibility. Incidentally, in this embodiment, the possibility is additionally given of fixing the molded body 5 in a form-fitting manner via the adhesive layer 11 or the connection between the nose 9 and the recess 10.

Claims

claims

, Insulating element with a molded body (5) made of mineral fibers (2), preferably rockwool, in the form of a plate or a web, with two large surfaces (3) arranged at a distance and parallel to one another and via side surfaces (3). 4) are connected to each other, wherein the Seiten¬ surfaces (4) are aligned at right angles to each other and the mineral fibers (2) has a course substantially perpendicular to the large surfaces (3) and thus substantially parallel to the side surfaces (4), so the compressive strength of the shaped body (5) in the direction of the surface normals of the large surfaces (3) is greater than the compressive strength of the shaped body (5) in the direction of the surface normal of the side surfaces (4), characterized in that at least one Side surface (4), in particular on two oppositely disposed side surfaces (4) moldings (6) is arranged or are, wherein the molded parts (6) a compressive strength in the direction of the surface normal of the large surfaces (3), which is lower than the compressive strength of the molded parts (6) in the direction of the surface normal of the side surfaces (4) on which the molded parts (6) are arranged.

2. Insulating element according to claim 1, characterized in that the molded parts (6) consist of bonded mineral fibers (2).

3. Insulating element according to claim 2, dad urch in that the molded parts (6) have an orientation of the mineral fibers (2) perpendicular to the mineral fibers (2) of the shaped body ().

4, Dämmstoffeiement according to claim 1, characterized in that the molded parts (6) with the shaped body (5) and / or with a at least one large surface (3) of the shaped body (5) arranged cover Layer, for example, a particular profiled sheet metal shell are connected.

5. Insulating element according to claim 1, characterized in that between the molded parts (6) and the molded body (5) and / or between the molded body (5) and the sheet metal shell and / or between the molded parts (6) and the sheet metal shell, an adhesive layer ( 11) is formed.

6. Insulating element according to claim 5, characterized in that the adhesive layer (11) is formed fully or partially.

7. Insulating element according to claim 5, characterized in that the adhesive layer (11) consists of a melt or pressure-sensitive adhesive.

8. Insulating element according to claim 1, characterized in that the molded parts (6) are positively connected to the shaped body (5), for example via a plug connection.

9. Insulating element according to claim 1, characterized dad urch in that the two mold parts (6) of a shaped body (5) have correspondingly ausge¬ formed outer surfaces, which allows a positive connection of neigh¬ beard arranged insulating elements.

10. Insulating element according to claim 1, dad u rch characterized in that the molded parts (6) have a deviating from the bulk density of the shaped body (5), in particular reduced bulk density.

11. Insulating element according to claim 1, characterized in that the molded parts (6) up to 25 mass% embedded granular constituents which dehydrate at higher temperatures, especially in case of fire and split off carbon dioxide.

12. Insulating element according to claim 2, characterized in that the molded parts (6) made of mineral fibers (2) have inorganic binders, such as organically modified silanes (Ormosile), water glasses, silica sol or the like.

13. Insulating element according to claim 1, characterized in that the molded parts (6) have a stabilizing coating, at least in the region of their free outer surfaces, which is at least partially and in particular diffusion-permeable, for example with intumescent masses.

14. Insulating element according to claim 13, characterized in that the coating consists of a dispersion silicate paint according to DIN 18363 be¬.

15. Insulating element according to claim 13, characterized in that the coating consists of water glass, in particular of potassium water glass and / or sodium water glass.

16. Insulating element according to claim 15, characterized in that the water glass with a polymer dispersion and / or fillers, such as dolomite, kaolin or the like is mixed.

17. Insulating element according to claim 13, characterized in that the coating is multi-layered, wherein at least one layer of water glass and at least one layer of a polymer

Dispersion exist.

18. Insulating element according to claim 13, characterized in that the coating comprises an inorganic binder, in particular organically modified silanes.

19. Insulating element according to claim 9, characterized in that the outer surfaces of the molded parts (6) have a profiling, in particular in

Having a shape of a spring (9) or a groove (8)

20. Insulating element according to claim 19, characterized in that the profiling has surfaces which are aligned substantially parallel to the large surfaces (3) and has surfaces which are aligned substantially parallel to side surfaces (4), wherein the in Substantially surfaces parallel to the large surfaces (3) have the coating and the surfaces aligned substantially parallel to the side surfaces (4) are free of the coating.

21. Insulating element according to claim 13, characterized in that the coating is formed film-forming and in particular water vapor braking.

22. Insulating element according to claim 13, characterized dad urch, the coating has a lining, in particular a metal foil.

23. Insulating element according to claim 19, characterized in that the profiling has chamfered areas.

24. Insulating element according to claim 19, characterized in that the coating partially as an impregnation in a near-surface

Area of profiling is incorporated.

25. Insulating element according to claim 19, characterized in that the profi tion in the region of substantially parallel to side surfaces

(4) has a coating which deviates from the coating on the surfaces of the profiling which are aligned substantially parallel to the large surfaces (3).

26 insulating element according to claim 25, characterized in that the coating in the region of the substantially parallel to the Seiten¬ surfaces (4) aligned surfaces of a silicate primer and ei¬ ner applied thereto dispersion silicate paint according to DIN 18363 or one ner thereon applied color based on synthesis latices.

27. Insulating element according to claim 1, characterized in that between the molded body (5) and at least one molded part (6) is formed a separating surface which is substantially anti-parallel to the Flächen¬ normal of the large surfaces (3) of the shaped body (5).

28. Insulating element according to claim 28, characterized in that the parting surface (16) is partially bent.

29 insulating element according to claim 1, 5 characterized in that the molded parts (6) made of mineral fibers (2) and thermostable, preferably at higher temperatures, especially in case of fire gas-splitting Mate¬ materials.

[0 30] Insulating element according to claim 1, characterized in that the molded parts (6) have a density between 150 and 1000 kg / m ³ , preferably between 180 and 400 kg / m ³ .

31 31. Use of an insulating element according to one of claims 1 to 30 as a middle layer, in particular as a core layer in a sandwich element, which has two outside layers, preferably in the form of profiled or corrugated metal sheets and in particular as a wall and / or ceiling element of a Building is used.