WO2006031828A2 - Commande a distance ambigue d'un systeme qkd - Google Patents

Commande a distance ambigue d'un systeme qkd Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2006031828A2
WO2006031828A2 PCT/US2005/032593 US2005032593W WO2006031828A2 WO 2006031828 A2 WO2006031828 A2 WO 2006031828A2 US 2005032593 W US2005032593 W US 2005032593W WO 2006031828 A2 WO2006031828 A2 WO 2006031828A2
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
node
local
nodes
calibration
remote
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US2005/032593
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English (en)
Other versions
WO2006031828A3 (fr
Inventor
Paul Jankovich
Original Assignee
Magiq Technologies, Inc.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Magiq Technologies, Inc. filed Critical Magiq Technologies, Inc.
Priority to US11/662,989 priority Critical patent/US20080134042A1/en
Priority to EP05815920A priority patent/EP1794924A2/fr
Priority to JP2007532404A priority patent/JP2008514118A/ja
Publication of WO2006031828A2 publication Critical patent/WO2006031828A2/fr
Publication of WO2006031828A3 publication Critical patent/WO2006031828A3/fr

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L9/00—Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols
    • H04L9/08—Key distribution or management, e.g. generation, sharing or updating, of cryptographic keys or passwords
    • H04L9/0816—Key establishment, i.e. cryptographic processes or cryptographic protocols whereby a shared secret becomes available to two or more parties, for subsequent use
    • H04L9/0852—Quantum cryptography

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to and has industrial utility with respect to quantum cryptography, and in particular relates to and has industrial utility with respect to quantum key distribution (QKD) systems, apparatus, methods and software architectures for controlling the nodes of a QKD system for system initialization, stabilization and calibration.
  • QKD quantum key distribution
  • Quantum key distribution involves establishing a key between a sender ("Alice”) and a receiver (“Bob”) by using weak (e.g., 0.1 photon on average) optical signals transmitted over a "quantum channel.”
  • weak optical signals e.g., 0.1 photon on average
  • the security of the key distribution is based on the quantum mechanical principle that any measurement of a quantum system in unknown state will modify its state.
  • an eavesdropper (“Eve”) that attempts to intercept or otherwise measure the quantum signal will introduce errors into the transmitted signals, thereby revealing her presence.
  • TRNG true i random number generator
  • a typical QKD system Alice randomly encodes the polarization or phase of single photons, and Bob randomly measures the polarization or phase of the photons.
  • the QKD system described in the Bennett 1992 paper and in the '410 patent, which paper and patent are incorporated by reference herein, is based on a shared interferometric system. Respective parts of the interferometric system are accessible by Alice and Bob so that each can control the phase of the interferometer.
  • the signals (pulses) sent from Alice to Bob are time-multiplexed and follow different paths.
  • the simplest QKD system network is defined by a single Bob node and a single Alice node optically coupled to one another, e.g., via an optical fiber link F1.
  • Both Bob and Alice typically contain some common internal components and some specific internal components. The difference between their specific internal components is what differentiates the Bob and Alice nodes.
  • both Bob and Alice typically contain a computer (controller) that provides an interface to discrete optical and hardware components and functions.
  • the computer interface provides an environment by which to configure, manage, and monitor the optical and hardware components and functions under software control.
  • the computer also provides a communications function (for instance, TCP/IP based) which is used to connect Bob and Alice over a physical communication medium such as Ethernet.
  • Both Bob and Alice contain a timing control function and a synchronization (sync) function.
  • Bob In addition to the common components and functions between Alice and Bob, Bob typically contains a quantum layer that includes a laser ("Q-Laser) for transmitting the quantum (i.e., weak) signals between the nodes.
  • Q-Laser a laser
  • Bob also includes single-photon detectors (SPDs), discriminators, and phase modulators.
  • SPDs single-photon detectors
  • Alice contains, for example, a phase modulator capable of being randomly set to one of four phase settings.
  • FIGS. 2 and 3 depict two other possible combinations of Bob and Alice nodes in different QKD system networks that further complicate the logistics of performing stabilization procedures between nodes.
  • An aspect of the invention is an architecture for object-oriented software for a QKD system having first and second QKD stations (nodes) that enables a user to remotely control a remote one of the nodes from a local one of the nodes.
  • the architecture includes a graphical user interface (GUI) at the local node that allows the user to control the operation of both local and remote nodes via secure link connecting the nodes.
  • GUI graphical user interface
  • the architecture also includes a calibration family of objects in each node that includes software made up of algorithms, functions, and data to support initialization, stabilization and/or calibration procedures and the GUI.
  • the architecture further includes a card family of objects in each node that includes software constructs made up of algorithms, functions, and data adapted to interface calibration software with physical components in each node so as to effectuate QKD system initialization, stabilization and/or calibration from the local node.
  • Another aspect of the invention is a method controlling nodes of a QKD system after the QKD system is deployed in the field.
  • the method includes providing each node with the above-described architecture, deploying each node, and identifying a local node and a remote node.
  • the method also includes controlling both the local node and a remote node via the GUI on the local node to effectuate at least one of initialization, stabilization and calibration of the nodes of the QKD system.
  • Another aspect of the invention is a method of deploying a QKD system in the field.
  • the method includes providing each node in the QKD system with software adapted to perform initialization, stabilization and calibration, procedures at the corresponding node and support a graphical user interface (GUI) at a local node.
  • the method also includes operating the software at the local and remote nodes via the GUI at the local node so as to initialize and/or stabilize and/or calibrate the QKD system.
  • GUI graphical user interface
  • Another aspect of the invention is a QKD system that includes first and second nodes. Each node has control software adapted to control the operation of the corresponding node to perform system initialization and/or stabilization and/or calibration.
  • the first and second nodes are operably coupled by a secure communication link.
  • the first node is a local node and the second node is a remote node.
  • First and second graphical user interfaces (GUI) are included that represent respective operating states of the first and second nodes.
  • GUI graphical user interfaces
  • the system also includes a local client proximate to and operatively coupled to the local node and adapted to display the two GUIs and effectuate control of the local and remote nodes via said software.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a simple QKD system network having two nodes Bob and Alice coupled to one another via an optical fiber link, and illustrating an example embodiment of components common to Alice and Bob and components specific to Alice and Bob;
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a QKD system network formed from cascaded Bob and Alice pairs;
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a QKD system network having a single Bob node and multiple Alice nodes stemming therefrom;
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a QKD system network that includes QKD ambiguous node remote control (ANRC), wherein a local client manager is connected to a local node (e.g., Bob) via a secure connection SC1 , wherein Bob and Alice are connected via a secure connection SC2, and wherein the local client manager includes graphical user interfaces (GUIs) that display information about the operational status of the local and remote nodes;
  • ANRC QKD ambiguous node remote control
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the calibration object inherited relationships
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the card object inherited relationships
  • FIG. 7A is a schematic diagram of Bob's local calibration
  • FIG. 7B is a schematic diagram of Bob's card objects in connection with the calibration flow of FIG. 7A;
  • FIG. 8A is a schematic diagram of Alice's remote calibration
  • FIG. 8B is a schematic diagram of Alice's card objects in connection with the calibration flow of FIG. 8A;
  • FIG. 9A is a schematic diagram of Alice's local calibration.
  • FIG. 9B is a schematic diagram of Alice's card objects in connection with the calibration flow of FIG. 9A.
  • a QKD system network comprised of, for example, a single point-to-point Bob node and Alice node pair (FIG.1), cascaded Bob node and Alice node pairs (FIG. 2) or a single Bob node connected to multi-point Alice nodes (FIG. 3) that involve long distances of fiber requires the ability to coordinate and control system stabilization procedures between any of the nodes in the system.
  • the present invention allows a single user to initiate and control the stabilization procedures between Bob and Alice nodes in a conventional QKD system network through apparatus and methods that allow for remote implementation of stabilization procedures via a single node in the network.
  • Example QKD systems are illustrated in the '410 patent, and also in PCT patent application no. PCT/US2004/03394, which PCT patent application is incorporated by reference herein.
  • a list of the common stabilization procedures performed on both the Bob and Alice nodes includes the following: 1. Setup sync laser and ensure synchronization lock.
  • the stabilization procedures specific to Bob include:
  • the stabilization specific to Alice include:
  • the present invention allows a single user physically located at either a Bob or Alice node to carry out (e.g., initiate, control, and monitor) the complex stabilization procedures required for the QKD system network to function on an ongoing basis.
  • the QKD ANRC presents the user with Graphical User Interfaces (GUI) for both Bob and Alice at the node of control.
  • GUI Graphical User Interfaces
  • the far-end node relative to the local node is defined as the "remote node” and is so indicated by the GUI.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an example embodiment of the QKD ANRC as part of a QKD system network 10.
  • a secure connection SC2 is established between the local node and any remote node for the purpose of supporting QKD ANRC messaging.
  • the definition of local node is applied to the node(s) of the QKD system network where the stabilization procedures affect the optical and hardware components directly at the node.
  • remote node is applied to the node(s) of a QKD system network where the stabilization procedures affect the optical and hardware components of the node through messaging over the Secure Connection. All remote nodes are inherently local nodes to some degree because all actions received remotely cause some local activity.
  • control node is applied to a single node of a QKD system network where all stabilization procedures are initiated.
  • Each node of the QKD system network is responsible for managing and maintaining its own data related to the stabilization procedures. All of the data presented to a user on a remote control GUI at a local client connected to the local node via a secure connection SC1 is collected from the remote node by the local node using messaging over the secure connection SC2. Any data modified in the remote control GUI of a remote node on the local node is pushed to the remote node by the local node using messaging over the secure connection.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram illustrating the inherited relationships between calibration objects.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram illustrating the inherited relationships of card objects.
  • Each node of the QKD network system includes the software objects illustrated in FIG. 5 and 6.
  • the relationships between the objects are defined by class hierarchy.
  • the determination of which objects are created is defined by the local node type and remote node type for each physical node.
  • the calibration object family includes software constructs that comprise all of the algorithms, functions, and data that support the initialization, stabilization and calibration procedures and GUI(s) for the QKD ANRC.
  • the calibration object hierarchy is composed of the following objects:
  • Remote calibration Initiates messaging for remote calibration on local node and services message replies from the remote node.
  • Alice Local Calibration Alice specific local calibration functionality.
  • Alice Remote Calibration Alice specific remote calibration functionality on the local node.
  • the card family of objects includes software constructs that comprise all of the algorithms, functions, and data that support the interface of the calibration object family with the different physical optical and hardware components of QKD network system nodes.
  • the card object hierarchy is composed of the following objects (see FIG. 6).
  • Bob Card Supports the Bob Node specific algorithms, functions, and data to access, control, and manage Bob specific optical and hardware component.
  • Alice Card Supports the Alice Node specific algorithms, functions, and data to access, control, and manage Alice specific optical and hardware component.
  • a relationship between the calibration objects and card objects is established by the base calibration object to allow the calibration objects to access and control optical and hardware components of the local nodes.
  • the calibration objects and card objects highlighted in FIGS. 7 A and 7B are created and utilized for Bob local calibration.
  • the calibration objects and card objects highlighted in FIGS. 8A and 8B are created and utilized for Alice remote calibration.
  • FIGS. 9A and 9B are schematic diagrams illustrating the local calibration path (FIG. 9A) and card objects (FIG. 9B) at Alice.
  • the QKD ANRC system of the present invention has a number of key advantages, such as:

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Security & Cryptography (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Optical Communication System (AREA)
  • Telephonic Communication Services (AREA)
  • User Interface Of Digital Computer (AREA)
  • Telephone Function (AREA)

Abstract

Cette invention concerne des systèmes, des procédés et des architectures qui permettent de commander (par exemple d'initialiser, de stabiliser et/ou de calibrer) un noeud éloigné (Alice/Bob) d'un système QKD (10) par l'intermédiaire d'un noeud local (Bob/Alice) du système QKD. Ce système comprend une interface graphique utilisateur (GUI), une famille d'objets de calibrage et une famille d'objets cartes. Les objets de calibrage supportent un logiciel qui permet de calibrer et/ou d'initialiser et/ou de stabiliser le système QKD par l'intermédiaire de l'interface graphique utilisateur au niveau du noeud local. La famille carte d'objets permet au logiciel de calibrage d'interfacer avec les composants physiques de chaque noeud pour que le calibrage, l'initialisation et/ou la stabilisation à distance du noeud éloigné puisse être effectué à partir du noeud local.
PCT/US2005/032593 2004-09-15 2005-09-14 Commande a distance ambigue d'un systeme qkd WO2006031828A2 (fr)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US11/662,989 US20080134042A1 (en) 2005-09-14 2005-09-14 Qkd System Wth Ambiguous Control
EP05815920A EP1794924A2 (fr) 2004-09-15 2005-09-14 Commande a distance ambigue d'un systeme qkd
JP2007532404A JP2008514118A (ja) 2004-09-15 2005-09-14 Ｑｋｄシステムの不確定性を含む遠隔制御

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US61001804P 2004-09-15 2004-09-15
US60/610,018 2004-09-15

Publications (2)

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WO2006031828A2 true WO2006031828A2 (fr) 2006-03-23
WO2006031828A3 WO2006031828A3 (fr) 2006-08-31

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JP (1) JP2008514118A (fr)
CN (1) CN100592679C (fr)
WO (1) WO2006031828A2 (fr)

Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2011510582A (ja) * 2008-01-25 2011-03-31 キネテイツク・リミテツド 量子暗号装置
US8639932B2 (en) 2008-10-27 2014-01-28 Qinetiq Limited Quantum key distribution
US8650401B2 (en) 2008-01-25 2014-02-11 Qinetiq Limited Network having quantum key distribution
US8654979B2 (en) 2008-05-19 2014-02-18 Qinetiq Limited Quantum key device
US8681982B2 (en) 2008-12-05 2014-03-25 Qinetiq Limited Method of establishing a quantum key for use between network nodes
US8683192B2 (en) 2009-09-29 2014-03-25 Qinetiq Methods and apparatus for use in quantum key distribution
US8749875B2 (en) 2008-12-08 2014-06-10 Qinetiq Limited Non-linear optical device
US8755525B2 (en) 2008-05-19 2014-06-17 Qinetiq Limited Quantum key distribution involving moveable key device
US8762728B2 (en) 2008-12-05 2014-06-24 Qinetiq Limited Method of performing authentication between network nodes
US8792791B2 (en) 2008-05-19 2014-07-29 Qinetiq Limited Multiplexed quantum key distribution
US8885828B2 (en) 2008-01-25 2014-11-11 Qinetiq Limited Multi-community network with quantum key distribution
US9148225B2 (en) 2008-01-28 2015-09-29 Qinetiq Limited Optical transmitters and receivers for quantum key distribution
US9692595B2 (en) 2010-12-02 2017-06-27 Qinetiq Limited Quantum key distribution

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US5764765A (en) * 1993-09-09 1998-06-09 British Telecommunications Public Limited Company Method for key distribution using quantum cryptography
US5768378A (en) * 1993-09-09 1998-06-16 British Telecommunications Public Limited Company Key distribution in a multiple access network using quantum cryptography
US5966224A (en) * 1997-05-20 1999-10-12 The Regents Of The University Of California Secure communications with low-orbit spacecraft using quantum cryptography
US20050063547A1 (en) * 2003-09-19 2005-03-24 Audrius Berzanskis Standards-compliant encryption with QKD

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AU674198B2 (en) * 1992-12-24 1996-12-12 British Telecommunications Public Limited Company System and method for key distribution using quantum cryptography
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CN1204710C (zh) * 2001-08-31 2005-06-01 中国科学院研究生院 经典信号同步延时的复合量子密钥分发系统及其实现方法
CN1447558A (zh) * 2002-03-25 2003-10-08 深圳市中兴通讯股份有限公司 一种实现安全通信的量子加密方法
CN1279714C (zh) * 2003-07-11 2006-10-11 清华大学 量子密钥分配中的量子态经典顺序重排加密方法

Patent Citations (4)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5764765A (en) * 1993-09-09 1998-06-09 British Telecommunications Public Limited Company Method for key distribution using quantum cryptography
US5768378A (en) * 1993-09-09 1998-06-16 British Telecommunications Public Limited Company Key distribution in a multiple access network using quantum cryptography
US5966224A (en) * 1997-05-20 1999-10-12 The Regents Of The University Of California Secure communications with low-orbit spacecraft using quantum cryptography
US20050063547A1 (en) * 2003-09-19 2005-03-24 Audrius Berzanskis Standards-compliant encryption with QKD

Cited By (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2011510582A (ja) * 2008-01-25 2011-03-31 キネテイツク・リミテツド 量子暗号装置
US8650401B2 (en) 2008-01-25 2014-02-11 Qinetiq Limited Network having quantum key distribution
US8885828B2 (en) 2008-01-25 2014-11-11 Qinetiq Limited Multi-community network with quantum key distribution
US8855316B2 (en) 2008-01-25 2014-10-07 Qinetiq Limited Quantum cryptography apparatus
US9148225B2 (en) 2008-01-28 2015-09-29 Qinetiq Limited Optical transmitters and receivers for quantum key distribution
US8792791B2 (en) 2008-05-19 2014-07-29 Qinetiq Limited Multiplexed quantum key distribution
US8755525B2 (en) 2008-05-19 2014-06-17 Qinetiq Limited Quantum key distribution involving moveable key device
US8654979B2 (en) 2008-05-19 2014-02-18 Qinetiq Limited Quantum key device
US8639932B2 (en) 2008-10-27 2014-01-28 Qinetiq Limited Quantum key distribution
US8762728B2 (en) 2008-12-05 2014-06-24 Qinetiq Limited Method of performing authentication between network nodes
US8681982B2 (en) 2008-12-05 2014-03-25 Qinetiq Limited Method of establishing a quantum key for use between network nodes
US8749875B2 (en) 2008-12-08 2014-06-10 Qinetiq Limited Non-linear optical device
US8683192B2 (en) 2009-09-29 2014-03-25 Qinetiq Methods and apparatus for use in quantum key distribution
US9692595B2 (en) 2010-12-02 2017-06-27 Qinetiq Limited Quantum key distribution

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN100592679C (zh) 2010-02-24
JP2008514118A (ja) 2008-05-01
WO2006031828A3 (fr) 2006-08-31
CN101040481A (zh) 2007-09-19
EP1794924A2 (fr) 2007-06-13

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