EP1794924A2 - Commande a distance ambigue d'un systeme qkd - Google Patents
Commande a distance ambigue d'un systeme qkdInfo
- Publication number
- EP1794924A2 EP1794924A2 EP05815920A EP05815920A EP1794924A2 EP 1794924 A2 EP1794924 A2 EP 1794924A2 EP 05815920 A EP05815920 A EP 05815920A EP 05815920 A EP05815920 A EP 05815920A EP 1794924 A2 EP1794924 A2 EP 1794924A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- node
- local
- nodes
- calibration
- remote
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L9/00—Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols
- H04L9/08—Key distribution or management, e.g. generation, sharing or updating, of cryptographic keys or passwords
- H04L9/0816—Key establishment, i.e. cryptographic processes or cryptographic protocols whereby a shared secret becomes available to two or more parties, for subsequent use
- H04L9/0852—Quantum cryptography
Definitions
- the present invention relates to and has industrial utility with respect to quantum cryptography, and in particular relates to and has industrial utility with respect to quantum key distribution (QKD) systems, apparatus, methods and software architectures for controlling the nodes of a QKD system for system initialization, stabilization and calibration.
- QKD quantum key distribution
- Quantum key distribution involves establishing a key between a sender ("Alice”) and a receiver (“Bob”) by using weak (e.g., 0.1 photon on average) optical signals transmitted over a "quantum channel.”
- weak optical signals e.g., 0.1 photon on average
- the security of the key distribution is based on the quantum mechanical principle that any measurement of a quantum system in unknown state will modify its state.
- an eavesdropper (“Eve”) that attempts to intercept or otherwise measure the quantum signal will introduce errors into the transmitted signals, thereby revealing her presence.
- TRNG true i random number generator
- a typical QKD system Alice randomly encodes the polarization or phase of single photons, and Bob randomly measures the polarization or phase of the photons.
- the QKD system described in the Bennett 1992 paper and in the '410 patent, which paper and patent are incorporated by reference herein, is based on a shared interferometric system. Respective parts of the interferometric system are accessible by Alice and Bob so that each can control the phase of the interferometer.
- the signals (pulses) sent from Alice to Bob are time-multiplexed and follow different paths.
- the simplest QKD system network is defined by a single Bob node and a single Alice node optically coupled to one another, e.g., via an optical fiber link F1.
- Both Bob and Alice typically contain some common internal components and some specific internal components. The difference between their specific internal components is what differentiates the Bob and Alice nodes.
- both Bob and Alice typically contain a computer (controller) that provides an interface to discrete optical and hardware components and functions.
- the computer interface provides an environment by which to configure, manage, and monitor the optical and hardware components and functions under software control.
- the computer also provides a communications function (for instance, TCP/IP based) which is used to connect Bob and Alice over a physical communication medium such as Ethernet.
- Both Bob and Alice contain a timing control function and a synchronization (sync) function.
- Bob In addition to the common components and functions between Alice and Bob, Bob typically contains a quantum layer that includes a laser ("Q-Laser) for transmitting the quantum (i.e., weak) signals between the nodes.
- Q-Laser a laser
- Bob also includes single-photon detectors (SPDs), discriminators, and phase modulators.
- SPDs single-photon detectors
- Alice contains, for example, a phase modulator capable of being randomly set to one of four phase settings.
- FIGS. 2 and 3 depict two other possible combinations of Bob and Alice nodes in different QKD system networks that further complicate the logistics of performing stabilization procedures between nodes.
- An aspect of the invention is an architecture for object-oriented software for a QKD system having first and second QKD stations (nodes) that enables a user to remotely control a remote one of the nodes from a local one of the nodes.
- the architecture includes a graphical user interface (GUI) at the local node that allows the user to control the operation of both local and remote nodes via secure link connecting the nodes.
- GUI graphical user interface
- the architecture also includes a calibration family of objects in each node that includes software made up of algorithms, functions, and data to support initialization, stabilization and/or calibration procedures and the GUI.
- the architecture further includes a card family of objects in each node that includes software constructs made up of algorithms, functions, and data adapted to interface calibration software with physical components in each node so as to effectuate QKD system initialization, stabilization and/or calibration from the local node.
- Another aspect of the invention is a method controlling nodes of a QKD system after the QKD system is deployed in the field.
- the method includes providing each node with the above-described architecture, deploying each node, and identifying a local node and a remote node.
- the method also includes controlling both the local node and a remote node via the GUI on the local node to effectuate at least one of initialization, stabilization and calibration of the nodes of the QKD system.
- Another aspect of the invention is a method of deploying a QKD system in the field.
- the method includes providing each node in the QKD system with software adapted to perform initialization, stabilization and calibration, procedures at the corresponding node and support a graphical user interface (GUI) at a local node.
- the method also includes operating the software at the local and remote nodes via the GUI at the local node so as to initialize and/or stabilize and/or calibrate the QKD system.
- GUI graphical user interface
- Another aspect of the invention is a QKD system that includes first and second nodes. Each node has control software adapted to control the operation of the corresponding node to perform system initialization and/or stabilization and/or calibration.
- the first and second nodes are operably coupled by a secure communication link.
- the first node is a local node and the second node is a remote node.
- First and second graphical user interfaces (GUI) are included that represent respective operating states of the first and second nodes.
- GUI graphical user interfaces
- the system also includes a local client proximate to and operatively coupled to the local node and adapted to display the two GUIs and effectuate control of the local and remote nodes via said software.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a simple QKD system network having two nodes Bob and Alice coupled to one another via an optical fiber link, and illustrating an example embodiment of components common to Alice and Bob and components specific to Alice and Bob;
- FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a QKD system network formed from cascaded Bob and Alice pairs;
- FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a QKD system network having a single Bob node and multiple Alice nodes stemming therefrom;
- FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a QKD system network that includes QKD ambiguous node remote control (ANRC), wherein a local client manager is connected to a local node (e.g., Bob) via a secure connection SC1 , wherein Bob and Alice are connected via a secure connection SC2, and wherein the local client manager includes graphical user interfaces (GUIs) that display information about the operational status of the local and remote nodes;
- ANRC QKD ambiguous node remote control
- FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the calibration object inherited relationships
- FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the card object inherited relationships
- FIG. 7A is a schematic diagram of Bob's local calibration
- FIG. 7B is a schematic diagram of Bob's card objects in connection with the calibration flow of FIG. 7A;
- FIG. 8A is a schematic diagram of Alice's remote calibration
- FIG. 8B is a schematic diagram of Alice's card objects in connection with the calibration flow of FIG. 8A;
- FIG. 9A is a schematic diagram of Alice's local calibration.
- FIG. 9B is a schematic diagram of Alice's card objects in connection with the calibration flow of FIG. 9A.
- a QKD system network comprised of, for example, a single point-to-point Bob node and Alice node pair (FIG.1), cascaded Bob node and Alice node pairs (FIG. 2) or a single Bob node connected to multi-point Alice nodes (FIG. 3) that involve long distances of fiber requires the ability to coordinate and control system stabilization procedures between any of the nodes in the system.
- the present invention allows a single user to initiate and control the stabilization procedures between Bob and Alice nodes in a conventional QKD system network through apparatus and methods that allow for remote implementation of stabilization procedures via a single node in the network.
- Example QKD systems are illustrated in the '410 patent, and also in PCT patent application no. PCT/US2004/03394, which PCT patent application is incorporated by reference herein.
- a list of the common stabilization procedures performed on both the Bob and Alice nodes includes the following: 1. Setup sync laser and ensure synchronization lock.
- the stabilization procedures specific to Bob include:
- the stabilization specific to Alice include:
- the present invention allows a single user physically located at either a Bob or Alice node to carry out (e.g., initiate, control, and monitor) the complex stabilization procedures required for the QKD system network to function on an ongoing basis.
- the QKD ANRC presents the user with Graphical User Interfaces (GUI) for both Bob and Alice at the node of control.
- GUI Graphical User Interfaces
- the far-end node relative to the local node is defined as the "remote node” and is so indicated by the GUI.
- FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an example embodiment of the QKD ANRC as part of a QKD system network 10.
- a secure connection SC2 is established between the local node and any remote node for the purpose of supporting QKD ANRC messaging.
- the definition of local node is applied to the node(s) of the QKD system network where the stabilization procedures affect the optical and hardware components directly at the node.
- remote node is applied to the node(s) of a QKD system network where the stabilization procedures affect the optical and hardware components of the node through messaging over the Secure Connection. All remote nodes are inherently local nodes to some degree because all actions received remotely cause some local activity.
- control node is applied to a single node of a QKD system network where all stabilization procedures are initiated.
- Each node of the QKD system network is responsible for managing and maintaining its own data related to the stabilization procedures. All of the data presented to a user on a remote control GUI at a local client connected to the local node via a secure connection SC1 is collected from the remote node by the local node using messaging over the secure connection SC2. Any data modified in the remote control GUI of a remote node on the local node is pushed to the remote node by the local node using messaging over the secure connection.
- FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram illustrating the inherited relationships between calibration objects.
- FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram illustrating the inherited relationships of card objects.
- Each node of the QKD network system includes the software objects illustrated in FIG. 5 and 6.
- the relationships between the objects are defined by class hierarchy.
- the determination of which objects are created is defined by the local node type and remote node type for each physical node.
- the calibration object family includes software constructs that comprise all of the algorithms, functions, and data that support the initialization, stabilization and calibration procedures and GUI(s) for the QKD ANRC.
- the calibration object hierarchy is composed of the following objects:
- Remote calibration Initiates messaging for remote calibration on local node and services message replies from the remote node.
- Alice Local Calibration Alice specific local calibration functionality.
- Alice Remote Calibration Alice specific remote calibration functionality on the local node.
- the card family of objects includes software constructs that comprise all of the algorithms, functions, and data that support the interface of the calibration object family with the different physical optical and hardware components of QKD network system nodes.
- the card object hierarchy is composed of the following objects (see FIG. 6).
- Bob Card Supports the Bob Node specific algorithms, functions, and data to access, control, and manage Bob specific optical and hardware component.
- Alice Card Supports the Alice Node specific algorithms, functions, and data to access, control, and manage Alice specific optical and hardware component.
- a relationship between the calibration objects and card objects is established by the base calibration object to allow the calibration objects to access and control optical and hardware components of the local nodes.
- the calibration objects and card objects highlighted in FIGS. 7 A and 7B are created and utilized for Bob local calibration.
- the calibration objects and card objects highlighted in FIGS. 8A and 8B are created and utilized for Alice remote calibration.
- FIGS. 9A and 9B are schematic diagrams illustrating the local calibration path (FIG. 9A) and card objects (FIG. 9B) at Alice.
- the QKD ANRC system of the present invention has a number of key advantages, such as:
Abstract
Cette invention concerne des systèmes, des procédés et des architectures qui permettent de commander (par exemple d'initialiser, de stabiliser et/ou de calibrer) un noeud éloigné (Alice/Bob) d'un système QKD (10) par l'intermédiaire d'un noeud local (Bob/Alice) du système QKD. Ce système comprend une interface graphique utilisateur (GUI), une famille d'objets de calibrage et une famille d'objets cartes. Les objets de calibrage supportent un logiciel qui permet de calibrer et/ou d'initialiser et/ou de stabiliser le système QKD par l'intermédiaire de l'interface graphique utilisateur au niveau du noeud local. La famille carte d'objets permet au logiciel de calibrage d'interfacer avec les composants physiques de chaque noeud pour que le calibrage, l'initialisation et/ou la stabilisation à distance du noeud éloigné puisse être effectué à partir du noeud local.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US61001804P | 2004-09-15 | 2004-09-15 | |
PCT/US2005/032593 WO2006031828A2 (fr) | 2004-09-15 | 2005-09-14 | Commande a distance ambigue d'un systeme qkd |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1794924A2 true EP1794924A2 (fr) | 2007-06-13 |
Family
ID=36060650
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP05815920A Withdrawn EP1794924A2 (fr) | 2004-09-15 | 2005-09-14 | Commande a distance ambigue d'un systeme qkd |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1794924A2 (fr) |
JP (1) | JP2008514118A (fr) |
CN (1) | CN100592679C (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2006031828A2 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (13)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB0801408D0 (en) | 2008-01-25 | 2008-03-05 | Qinetiq Ltd | Multi-community network with quantum key distribution |
GB0801395D0 (en) | 2008-01-25 | 2008-03-05 | Qinetiq Ltd | Network having quantum key distribution |
WO2009093036A2 (fr) * | 2008-01-25 | 2009-07-30 | Qinetiq Limited | Appareil cryptographique quantique |
GB0801492D0 (en) | 2008-01-28 | 2008-03-05 | Qinetiq Ltd | Optical transmitters and receivers for quantum key distribution |
GB0809045D0 (en) | 2008-05-19 | 2008-06-25 | Qinetiq Ltd | Quantum key distribution involving moveable key device |
GB0809044D0 (en) | 2008-05-19 | 2008-06-25 | Qinetiq Ltd | Multiplexed QKD |
GB0809038D0 (en) | 2008-05-19 | 2008-06-25 | Qinetiq Ltd | Quantum key device |
GB0819665D0 (en) | 2008-10-27 | 2008-12-03 | Qinetiq Ltd | Quantum key dsitribution |
GB0822253D0 (en) | 2008-12-05 | 2009-01-14 | Qinetiq Ltd | Method of establishing a quantum key for use between network nodes |
GB0822254D0 (en) | 2008-12-05 | 2009-01-14 | Qinetiq Ltd | Method of performing authentication between network nodes |
GB0822356D0 (en) | 2008-12-08 | 2009-01-14 | Qinetiq Ltd | Non-linear optical device |
GB0917060D0 (en) | 2009-09-29 | 2009-11-11 | Qinetiq Ltd | Methods and apparatus for use in quantum key distribution |
GB201020424D0 (en) | 2010-12-02 | 2011-01-19 | Qinetiq Ltd | Quantum key distribution |
Family Cites Families (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO1994015422A1 (fr) * | 1992-12-24 | 1994-07-07 | British Telecommunications Public Limited Company | Systeme et procede de distribution de code au moyen de la cryptographie quantique |
US5307410A (en) * | 1993-05-25 | 1994-04-26 | International Business Machines Corporation | Interferometric quantum cryptographic key distribution system |
US5764765A (en) * | 1993-09-09 | 1998-06-09 | British Telecommunications Public Limited Company | Method for key distribution using quantum cryptography |
EP0717895B1 (fr) * | 1993-09-09 | 1998-11-25 | BRITISH TELECOMMUNICATIONS public limited company | Repartition de clefs dans un reseau a acces multiple faisant appel a la cryptographie quantique |
US5966224A (en) * | 1997-05-20 | 1999-10-12 | The Regents Of The University Of California | Secure communications with low-orbit spacecraft using quantum cryptography |
CN1204710C (zh) * | 2001-08-31 | 2005-06-01 | 中国科学院研究生院 | 经典信号同步延时的复合量子密钥分发系统及其实现方法 |
CN1447558A (zh) * | 2002-03-25 | 2003-10-08 | 深圳市中兴通讯股份有限公司 | 一种实现安全通信的量子加密方法 |
CN1279714C (zh) * | 2003-07-11 | 2006-10-11 | 清华大学 | 量子密钥分配中的量子态经典顺序重排加密方法 |
US20050063547A1 (en) * | 2003-09-19 | 2005-03-24 | Audrius Berzanskis | Standards-compliant encryption with QKD |
-
2005
- 2005-09-14 JP JP2007532404A patent/JP2008514118A/ja not_active Withdrawn
- 2005-09-14 WO PCT/US2005/032593 patent/WO2006031828A2/fr active Application Filing
- 2005-09-14 EP EP05815920A patent/EP1794924A2/fr not_active Withdrawn
- 2005-09-14 CN CN 200580035338 patent/CN100592679C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
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See references of WO2006031828A3 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN101040481A (zh) | 2007-09-19 |
WO2006031828A2 (fr) | 2006-03-23 |
CN100592679C (zh) | 2010-02-24 |
WO2006031828A3 (fr) | 2006-08-31 |
JP2008514118A (ja) | 2008-05-01 |
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