WO2006024522A1

WO2006024522A1 - Floor conveyor comprising a slideway in the load displacement device thereof

Info

Publication number: WO2006024522A1
Application number: PCT/EP2005/009391
Authority: WO
Inventors: Carsten Schöttke
Original assignee: Jungheinrich Aktiengesellschaft
Priority date: 2004-09-01
Filing date: 2005-08-31
Publication date: 2006-03-09
Also published as: DE102004042335A1

Abstract

The invention relates to a floor conveyor, especially a stacker, a commissioner and the like, said floor conveyor comprising a load displacement device (10), such as a lifting frame, an auxiliary lifting device, a lateral shifting device, or a pivoting retractable fork, etc., which in turn comprises two parts (12, 14) that can be essentially linearly displaced in relation to each other along a displacement axis (V). Said parts (12, 14) are guided by means of at least two guiding elements (20, 34) for the displacement thereof along the displacement axis (V), a first guiding element (20) essentially preventing a movement of the two parts (12, 14) in a first play direction (S1) orthogonal to the displacement axis (V), and a separate second guiding element (34) preventing a movement of the two parts (12, 14) in a second play direction (S2) which is orthogonal both to the displacement axis (V) and to the first play direction (S1). At least one of the guiding elements (20, 34) is a sliding element (34) which slides on a sliding surface (24) essentially along the displacement axis (V), the sliding element (34) being applied to one of the parts (12) of the load displacement device and the sliding surface (24) being provided on the respectively other part (14).

Description

Truck with sliding guide in the load transfer device

description

The present invention relates to an industrial truck, in particular a forklift, order picker and the like, with a load transfer device, such as mast, additional stroke, side thruster, Schwenkschubga¬ bel, etc., which at least two relative to each other along a Verlage¬ tion axis substantially rectilinearly adjustable device parts The device parts are guided by at least two guide elements for movement along the displacement axis, of which a first guide element substantially prevents movement of the two device parts in a first direction of play orthogonal to the displacement axis and of which a second direction separate from the first tion element substantially prevents a movement of the two device parts in an orthogonal to both the displacement axis and the first game direction second game direction.

The load-receiving and -verlagungsvorrichtungen provided on such trucks are used for lifting / lowering and / or lateral displacement of loads that are to be moved with the truck. In this case, two device parts are moved relative to each other along the Verla¬ tion axis of the respective displacement device. For the exact displacement of the load, it is of great importance that the relative movement of the two parts of the device along the axis of displacement can take place substantially free of play. The load transfer devices of industrial trucks manipulate loads of considerable weight, so that a possibly existing movement play orthogonal to the displacement axis can cause considerable loading of the device parts leading guide elements and the device parts themselves. The consequence of this can be an undesirably shortened stability of the load transfer device. A generic industrial truck according to the prior art comprises at least two guide rollers rotatable about each other both orthogonal to the axis of displacement of the roller axes, as guide elements. Each guide roller guides the one device part for movement relative to the other device part along the displacement axis and prevents movement in a direction of play orthogonal to the displacement axis and to the roller axis of the respective guide roller.

A disadvantage of this solution is that the provision of a respective roller for each game direction leads to an overall expensive construction. In addition, the two guide rollers rotating about mutually orthogonal roller axes require relatively much installation space, which in the case of a lifting frame as a load transfer device can lead to restrictions in the field of vision of the industrial truck driver.

In another, non-generic solution of the prior art, a single guide roller secures the device parts against movement in two mutually orthogonal play directions, namely in a first play direction orthogonal to the roll axis and in a second play direction parallel to the roll axis. In this case, the generally cylindrical guide roller, which rolls with its lateral surface on a guideway of one of the guide parts, is pressed by inserting washers with a portion of its end face against a parallel to the displacement axis extending material projection of the device part, which also includes the guide track ,

A disadvantage of this solution is, on the one hand, the wear caused by sliding on the end face of the guide roller and, on the other hand, a tilting moment acting on it due to the one-sided load on the guide roller orthogonal to the roller axis, which additionally has to be supported by the roller bearing.

Furthermore, the assembly of the guide roller is very expensive, since the bring the shims usually the load transfer device must be disassembled so far that the relatively adjustable device parts are separated from each other to make the Führungsrollen¬ storage for attachment or removal of shims accessible lent.

The object of the present invention is therefore to provide a truck of the generic type in which an essentially play-free guidance of the device parts is realized relative to each other along the displacement axis in the smallest possible space and under simple accessibility at low production costs.

The object mentioned is achieved according to the invention by means of a forklift of the type mentioned in the introduction, in which at least one of the guide elements is a sliding part which slides on a sliding surface substantially along the displacement axis, the sliding part on one of the device parts and the Sliding surface is seen vor¬ on the other part of the device.

By providing a sliding part as a guide element eliminates the laborious to be stored and mounted leadership role as a guide element. Moreover, a sliding part for its housing requires much less installation space than a guide roller, so that when the load transfer devices are close to the forklift truck, its field of vision is not unnecessarily restricted.

Frequently, each device part of the load transfer device essentially extends in a main extension plane parallel to the transfer axis. The device parts, for example, often designed ladder-like, ie with two lateral columns parallel to the displacement axis and these connecting, orthogonal to the displacement axis rungs. The main extension planes of the two device parts are essentially parallel in order to achieve a stable load transfer device. hold, which occupies as little space.

Such load transfer devices are generally guided in such a way that the first play direction is oriented orthogonal to the main extension plane and the second play direction is oriented parallel to the main extension plane. It has been found that even high loads can be performed safely when a guide element is a guide roller and the other guide element is the sliding part.

As a rule, in such load displacement devices, the larger guide forces act on the first guide element, which secures the device parts against a relative movement in the first play direction orthogonal to the main extension plane. Therefore, this guide element is preferably designed as a guide roller. The other guide element, which secures the device parts against a relative movement in the second direction of play parallel to the main extension plane, can therefore be designed as the sliding part, since it is exposed to a lower risk of wear due to the lower load. The guide elements securing a relative movement in the second direction of play are also referred to as lateral guide elements by experts.

The distance of the second guide element in the second game direction from the center of gravity of the load and thus the load arm of the second guide element is usually greater than the distance of the first Führungsele¬ management in the first game direction of the center of gravity of a recorded load, which explains the lower managers which act on the second guide element.

According to a further preferred development of the present invention, the industrial truck can receive at least one first guide element and at each side edge of the load transfer device extending in the direction of the displacement axis for receiving symmetrical guiding forces have at least a second guide element, which are designed according to the above features.

Since the sliding part is subject to a certain wear, it is advantageous if the wear occurring on the sliding part can be compensated. This can be achieved by the sliding part being received in an adjustable way towards the sliding surface in a sliding layer orientation.

The delivery of the sliding part can be carried out without intervention of operating or maintenance personnel by at least one spring element which is provided in the sliding bearing so that it biases the sliding member to the sliding surface in the mounted state of the load transfer device. High delivery forces in a small space can be achieved by at least one plate spring or better by a disc spring package.

As an alternative or in addition to the at least one spring element, the sliding bearing can be provided with an actuatable feed means, by the actuation of which the sliding part can be delivered towards the sliding surface. By the actuable feed means can be provided for a constant feed force, which in the case of a aufge¬ only by spring elements biasing force depends on the wear of the sliding member and decreases with Zu¬ measure of wear due to an ensuing relaxation of at least one spring element.

In a particularly simple structural configuration, the feed can be a screw, such as a threaded rod, a threaded pin or a screw through which an acting on the sliding surface feed force on the slider is exercisable.

Furthermore, if the feed means is dimensioned as a screw element in its orthogonal to the screw axis diameter greater than a corresponding dimension of the sliding de¬ part, be used in a simple manner for the replacement of sliding parts, such as to replace a worn senen sliding part by a new. Then, the screw can be removed from the slide bearing and the sliding part can be removed through the then exposed Ge threaded course in which previously the screw was ein¬ turned. Likewise, a new sliding part can be inserted.

In order to ensure that the delivery means remains in the selected position after application of a desired delivery force, according to another aspect of the present invention, the delivery means may be securable in the selected application force application position. If the feed means is a screw element, this can be secured in a simple manner by a counter nut against rotation from the selected feed force application position.

As already mentioned above, the present invention serves, inter alia, to reduce the space requirement of a guide for device parts of a load transfer device. This aim can be achieved to an even greater extent if the present invention is further developed in such a way that the slide bearing comprises a bearing means which also contributes to the bearing of the first guide element. In that case, a separate bearing device for the sliding part can be dispensed with, since the sliding part is received by bearing means, which in any case must be provided in order to support the first guide element on one of the device parts.

Then, when the first guide element is a guide roller, which rolls along a relative displacement of the device parts along the displacement axis on a guide track, the sliding part can be kept extremely space-saving by a roller bearing the guide roller for rotation. This is not intended to mean that only the roller bolt holds the slider. It is sufficient to save space already when the roller bolt contributes to the storage of the bearing means.

For this purpose, at least one holding surface may be provided on the roller bolt, which holds the sliding member against displacement parallel to the sliding surface with the displacement axis orthogonal displacement axis.

In terms of design, the roller bolt can thereby support the bearing of the sliding part in such a way that it has a recess which is open toward the sliding surface in the assembled state of the load displacement device and in which the sliding part is accommodated. The recess in the roller bolt is preferably provided centrally with respect to the roller axis, so that the recess does not impair a rolling bearing of the guide roller arranged on the roller bolt. In the case of a cylindrical recess in the roller bolt, the cylindrical inner circumferential surface of the recess can form the above-mentioned holding surface of the roller bolt, which prevents a displacement of the sliding part parallel to the sliding surface.

5 However, it may also be thought to provide locking means on the Gleit¬ teillagerung to secure the slide in the slide storage against unwanted displacement or falling out. For example, the sliding part can be clamped in the recess of the roller bolt, for instance by a tensioning screw which passes through the roller bolt towards the recess and which is tightened after insertion of the sliding part against a surface of the sliding part. However, such a clamping of the sliding part in the sliding bearing storage impedes or prevents a simple spring-driven adjustment of the sliding part towards the sliding surface in the event of wear. 5

For reasons of cost, it is advisable to provide a profile length material on at least one, preferably on both parts of the device, which contributes to the guidance of the device parts along the displacement axis. Such profiled lining materials can be obtained inexpensively in sufficient quantities and with the desired length as semifinished products in various steel grades. In this case, the profiled material should have at least two legs which are orthogonal to one another, the guide track, which rolls on the guide roller on a certain width, being provided on a first leg and wherein the sliding surface for the sliding part is provided on the second leg substantially orthogonal to the first leg.

The profile length material may be a carrier with U- or double-T cross section, in which case the guide track is preferably provided on one of the outer legs and the sliding surface on which the two outer legs connect the base leg.

The present invention will be explained in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It shows:

1a is a perspective view of Profilolfängsträgerabschnitten zwei¬ he device parts of a load transfer device of a truck according to the invention,

Fig. 1b of the guide roller and the slider carrying Profillängsträger¬ section of Fig. 1A when viewed from the direction of the arrow Il as well as

2 shows a cross-sectional view through the two profile longitudinal members of FIG. 1a orthogonal to the displacement axis, the sectional plane containing the roller axis of the guide roller.

In Fig. 1a, a section of a load receiving and -verlagerungsvorrich- device of an otherwise not shown truck is generally denoted by 10. In the selected example, the load transfer device 10 is a mast comprising a stand 12 and a lifting frame 14. The stand 12 comprises a double-T support 16 made of steel. Likewise, the lifting frame 14 comprises a double-T stand 18 made of steel. The two double-T-beams 16 and 18 extend along a displacement axis V, along which the stator 12 and the lifting frame 14 are movable relative to one another substantially in a straight line. The stand 12 is connected to the frame of the truck, not shown, and thus fixed fixed thereto. By contrast, the lifting frame 14 is mounted so as to be adjustable relative to the frame of the industrial truck along the displacement axis V. The guidance of the lifting frame 14 on the stand 12 will be discussed in more detail below in connection with FIG. 2. 1a, however, rotatable about a roller axis R on the stator 12 mounted guide roller 20 which rolls around the roller axis R rotating on a guide track 22 which is formed on the outer leg 18a of the double-T-beam 18 of the lifting frame 14 ,

Furthermore, on the center leg 18b of the double-T-beam 18 on the support 16 of the state 12 indicative surface 24 forms a sliding surface on which a slider to be described below sliding along the displacement axis V.

The lifting frame 14, like the stand 12, is a substantially planar structure, i. it has substantially larger dimensions in two mutually orthogonal spatial directions than in a third spatial direction orthogonal to the first two spatial directions. A first main extension direction a of the lifting frame 14 runs parallel to the displacement axis V. A second main extension direction b of the lifting frame 14 extends along the direction of the indicated rung 26 substantially orthogonally to the center leg 18b of the double-T carrier 18. This main branch Deflection directions a and b define a main extension plane HE 14 of the lifting frame 14. A main extension plane HE 12 of the upright 12 is substantially parallel to the main extension plane HE 14 of the lifting frame 14.

It should be noted that both the lifting frame 14 and the stand 12 are substantially mirror-symmetrical to a symmetry plane, not shown, which is oriented parallel to the displacement axis V and ortho¬ gonal to the main extension planes HE 12 and HE 14. The Main extension direction b is hereinafter also referred to as lateral direction.

1b, the support 16 of the upright 12 is shown, omitting the lifting frame 14, from a direction mirrored with respect to the perspective of FIG. 1a at the drawing plane of FIG. 1a.

It can be seen that the outer leg 16a of the carrier 12, which is in the mounted state of the load transfer device 10 in the immediate vicinity of the outer leg 18a of the carrier 18 of the lifting frame 14, in the region of attachment of the guide roller 20 from one side to the center leg 16b out so that the substantially cylindrical guide roller 20 can roll with its rolling surface 20a on the guideway 22 shown in Fig. 1a.

The guide roller 20 is held about a roller nut 28 about the roller axis R in the direction of the double arrow D rotatably on a roller pin 30.

Coaxially with the roller axis R, the roller bolt 30 has a recess 32 pointing towards the sliding surface 24 on the carrier 18 of the lifting frame 14 in the assembled state of the load transfer device 10, into which a sliding part 34 is inserted. The sliding member 34 is made of a material which is softer than the steel of the sliding surface 24 on the carrier 18 of the lifting frame 14. As such materials are ferrous metals, such as bronze or brass, or preferably plastics such as Endamit ^® in question. The Gleit¬ part 34 has a substantially planar sliding surface 34a, which abuts the sliding surface 24 of the lifting frame 14 in the assembled state of the load transfer device 10.

FIG. 2 shows a cross-section orthogonal to the displacement axis through the section of the load transfer device 10 of FIG. 1, wherein the sectional plane contains the roller axis R of the guide roller 20. The roller bolt 30 is welded to the surface 36 on the center leg 16b of the carrier 16 of the stator 12.

The guide roller 20 is mounted on the roller pin 30 for rotation about the roller axis R via a ball bearing. Coaxially with the roller axis, the substantially cylindrical sliding part 34 is received in the substantially cylindrical recess 32 at the longitudinal end of the roller bolt 30 facing away from the carrier 16.

Furthermore, a coaxial with the roller axis R passing through substantially cylindrical recess 36 is provided in the roller pin 30. In this recess 36, a threaded pin 38 is screwed (see also Fig. 1), which can be adjusted via a corresponding tool in the direction of Doppel¬ arrow Z along the roller axis R to the sliding surface 24 towards or away from this.

In the example chosen here, the threaded pin 38 has an Allen tool recess 40 for a corresponding tool engagement on its actuating end section 38a facing away from the sliding part 34. With the threaded pin 38 thus the sliding member 34 can be delivered to the sliding surface 24 on the support 18 of the lifting frame 14 and pressed against it with a desired pressing force, so that the carrier 18 is not relative to the carrier 16 in the roll axis R or Haupterstre - Direction b parallel play direction S2 can move.

Likewise, the provision of the guide roller 20 on the guide track 22 ensures that the carrier 18 can not shift relative to the carrier 16 in a direction of play S1 orthogonal to the displacement axis V and to the main extension plane HE 14. The lifting frame 14 is thus guided without play on the stand 12 for movement along the displacement axis V.

The threaded pin 38 can be fixed in a position once selected by a lock nut 42. The lock nut 42 is against this a contact surface of the roller bolt 30 tightened. In the middle leg 16b of the carrier 16 of the stator 12, a through opening 44 is formed through which the actuating end 38a of the threaded pin 38 and the Kon¬ nut 42 are available for a tool attack. As a result of the structure chosen, the guide can be made along the displacement axis V by the sliding part 34 with almost no additional installation space, since the roller bolt 30 must be provided for supporting the guide roller 20 anyway.

However, it is also conceivable not to receive the slider 14 in the roller pin 30, but in a separate slide bearing.

Due to the easy accessibility of threaded pin 38 and lock nut 42, moreover, the leadership of the lifting frame 14 can be performed by the slider 34 in a short time without further installation measures.

It is easy to see that the guide roller and the slider need not necessarily be mounted on the stand 12, but can also be mounted on the lifting frame 14. Then, on the stand 12, the sliding surface and the guide track for the respective guide elements 20 and 34 are provided.

Furthermore, it is conceivable to provide a guide element, such as the guide roller, on a device part of the stand and lifting frame and to arrange the slide 34 on each other device part. However, it is preferred, as stated in the above example, to provide both the slide member 34 and the guide roller 20 on the stand 12, since then maintenance or repair personnel find the guides regardless of an adjustment of the lifting frame 14 relative to the stand 12 at the same place. the.

Claims

claims

1. truck, in particular forklift, order picker and the like., With a load transfer device (10), such as mast, additional hub, side thruster, pivoting thrust, etc., which at least two relative to each other at least along a relocation axis (V) substantially rectilinear adjustable device parts (12, 14) encompassed, wherein the device parts (12, 14) by at least two Füh¬ approximately elements (20, 34) for movement along the displacement axis (V) are guided, of which a first guide element (20)

Movement of the two device parts (12, 14) in a first direction of play (S1) orthogonal to the Verla¬ (V) substantially prevented and of which a separate from the first second guide member (34) movement of the two device parts (12, 14) in one to both the displacement axis (V) and the first

Spielrichtung (S1) orthogonal second game direction (S2) wesent¬ prevented, characterized in that at least one (34) of Führungs¬ elements (20, 34) on a sliding surface (24) substantially along the displacement axis (V) sliding Sliding member (34), wherein the

Sliding member (34) on one of the device parts (12) and the sliding surface (24) on the respective other device part (14) is provided.

2. Truck according to claim 1, characterized in that each device part (12, 14) of the

Load transfer device (10) extends substantially in a main extension plane (HE 12, HE 14) parallel to the displacement axis (V), wherein the main extension planes (HE 12, HE 14) of the two device parts (12, 14) are substantially parallel, further the first play direction (S1) is oriented orthogonal to a main extension plane (HE 12, HE 14), wherein the second play direction (S2) is also oriented parallel to a main extension plane (HE 12, HE 14) and finally the one guide element (20), preferably the first, a guide roller (20) and the other guide element (34), preferably the second, the sliding part (34).

3. Truck according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the sliding part (34) in a Gleitteillage¬ tion (30, 32) to the sliding surface (24) down added undeliverable.

4. Truck according to claim 3, characterized in that at least one spring element, preferably at least one plate spring, particularly preferably a Tel¬ lerfederpaket, in such a way in the slide bearing (30, 32) is provided. in the assembled state of the load transfer device (10), it biases the sliding part (34) towards the sliding surface (24).

5. Truck according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that the slide bearing (30, 32) is provided with an actuatable feed means (38), by its Be¬ actuation the sliding member (34) to the sliding surface (24) is deliverable.

6. Truck according to claim 5, characterized in that the Zustellmittel (38) is a Schraubele¬ element (38), such as a threaded rod, a threaded pin (38) or a screw through which a sliding surface (24) acting on delivery force the sliding part (34) is exercisable.

7. Truck according to claim 6, characterized in that the feed means (38) in a gewähl¬ th delivery force application position is securable, such as a lock nut (42).

8. truck according to claim one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the slide bearing (30, 32) a La¬ germittel (30), which for storing the first Führungsele- ment (20).

9. Truck according to claim 8, characterized in that the first guide element (20) is a guide roller (20), which in a Relatiwerlagerung Vorrich¬ device parts (12, 14) rolls on a guide track (22), wherein the sliding part ( 34) holding bearing means (30) is a guide roller (20) for supporting roller bearing roller bolt (30).

10. Truck according to claim 9, characterized in that at least one holding surface of the Rol¬ lenbolzens (30) holding the sliding member (34) against displacement parallel to the sliding surface (24) with the displacement axis (V) orthogonal Verschie¬ bungskomponente.

11. Truck according to claim 9 or 10, characterized in that the roller bolt (30) in an assembled state of the load transfer device (10) to the sliding surface (24) open toward recess (32), in which the sliding member (34) received is.

12. Truck according to one of claims 9 to 11, characterized in that the guide track (22) is provided on a first limb (18a) of a profile material (18) and that the sliding surface (24) on a first leg (18a ) is provided in the substantially orthogonal second leg (18b).

13. Truck according to claim 12, characterized in that the profile length material (18) is a carrier (18) with U, F or double T-section, wherein the guideway

(22) on one of the outer legs (18a) and the sliding surface (24) on which the two outer legs (18a) connecting base legs (18b) is provided.