WO2005121453A1

WO2005121453A1 - Anchoring assembly, anchor bar and method for producing an anchoring assembly

Info

Publication number: WO2005121453A1
Application number: PCT/EP2005/005300
Authority: WO
Inventors: Jürgen Grün; Robert Van Deuveren; Klaus Block
Original assignee: Fischerwerke Artur Fischer Gmbh & Co. Kg
Priority date: 2004-06-09
Filing date: 2005-05-14
Publication date: 2005-12-22
Also published as: CN1965129A; DE102004028226A1; EP1753916A1

Abstract

The invention relates to an anchoring assembly for anchoring e.g. a concreted rail track (34) to a concrete support layer (28). According to the invention, the rail track (34) is anchored using a fixed anchor and one or more displaceable anchors, in order to compensate for varying degrees of expansion. The displaceable anchor has an anchor bar (10), which is anchored into a hole (30) in the anchorage (28) using mortar. The anchor bar (10) comprises a deformable sheath (36), which permits the displacement of the rail track (34) in relation to the anchorage (28).

Description

description

Anchoring arrangement, anchor rod and method for producing an anchoring arrangement

The invention relates to an anchoring arrangement with at least two anchor rods, which are anchored by means of a mortar in an anchor base, with the features of

The preamble of claim 1. Furthermore, the invention relates to

Anchoring arrangement suitable anchor rods with the features of the preambles of claims 3 or 7 and a method for producing the

Anchoring arrangement with the features of the preamble of claim 9. The invention is in particular for anchoring or fastening a track body to be subsequently concreted or concreted on an existing concrete base layer

(Anchor reason) is provided, even if it should not be limited to this application. The term mortar should not be interpreted narrowly, under mortar in the sense of

Invention are intended, for. B. also (one- or multi-component) synthetic resin mortar and synthetic resin adhesive and other, suitable for anchoring an anchor rod in an anchor base curing compositions.

From DE 37 08 764 A1 an anchor rod for anchoring by means of a synthetic resin adhesive is known. The known anchor rod has an anchoring section with a number of expansion bodies arranged axially one behind the other in the form of

Expanding cones. For anchoring, a hole is drilled in an anchor base, the synthetic resin adhesive is filled in and the anchor rod with its anchoring section is inserted into the borehole. The synthetic resin adhesive is distributed in a casing space surrounding the anchoring section of the anchor rod and holds the anchor rod anchored in the anchor base after hardening. At a

Borehole expansion due to crack formation causes the expanding bodies to spread out the hardened synthetic resin adhesive due to their cone shape, i.e. if the anchoring loosens as a result of the borehole expansion and the anchor rod moves axially out of the borehole as a result, the expanding bodies expand Anchor rod on the synthetic resin mortar so that the anchor rod remains anchored in the borehole with essentially unchanged anchoring force.

The known anchor rod protrudes from the anchor base and has a thread as a fastening device at its end projecting from the anchor base. As

Fastening device there are also other options such as an eyelet, a hole, a hook or a head and the like. More.

When an object is fastened to an anchor base with several of the known anchor rods, tensile and compressive stresses occur in the anchor base and in the fastened object, provided that they expand to different extents, for example when the temperature changes. The tensile and compressive stresses stress the anchor rods across shear.

The invention has for its object to propose an anchoring arrangement of the type described above, the tensile and compressive stresses in an anchor base and in an attached object due to different strains and a resulting transverse stress on the anchor rods used. Another object of the invention are anchor rods suitable for the anchoring arrangement and a method for producing the anchoring arrangement.

This object is achieved by the features of claim 1 and further claims 3, 7 and 9. The anchoring arrangement according to the invention uses two different anchor rods. It has an anchor rod, also referred to below as a fixed anchor, which holds the object immovably on the anchor base. All other anchor rods, also referred to below as loose anchors, hold the object displaceably on the anchor base. Expansion compensation is thereby possible, mechanical stresses due to different expansions of the anchor base and the object attached to it and the resulting stresses are at least reduced, ideally even negligibly small. The fixed anchor holds the object in a defined position on the anchor base and together the anchor rods prevent the object from lifting off from the anchor base, for example by arching in the edge or in the central region. In addition to the already mentioned advantage of expansion compensation, the invention has the advantage of tolerance compensation, it is inexpensive and can be produced with little effort, it is maintenance-free per se and does not need to be checked per se, and it can also be produced retrospectively, for example when repairs to existing anchorages or fastenings become.

The anchoring arrangement according to the invention is preferably intended for track construction, i.e. for anchoring or fastening a track body to be subsequently concreted on an existing concrete base layer (anchor base) or also individual concrete or other sleepers on the concrete base layer.

As a loose anchor, claim 3 provides an anchor rod with a deformable covering in a region between the anchoring section and the fastening device. The deformable covering is located in the area of a separating surface between the anchor base and the attached object. The anchor rod leaves one

Displacement of the fastened object relative to the anchor base when different expansions of the object and the anchor base are so great that they overcome a frictional force between the object and the anchor base. There is little transverse stress on the anchor rod, shearing through sheep-edged hole edges on the object and on the anchor base is avoided.

Furthermore, the deformable covering enables the object to be fastened to be cast without having to create a free space surrounding the anchor rod.

In particular, the covering of the anchor rod consists of an elastically and / or plastically deformable plastic. An embodiment of the invention provides a

Cladding that offers a high resistance to rapid deformation, whereas they have little or at least lower resistance at slower

Has deformation. PTP (polyterephthalate, for example, with the

Brand name Ultradur KR 4071). As a result, the loose anchor acts almost like a fixed anchor against its resistance against a short load

Transverse displacement is low with long exposure. For example. In track construction, this has the advantage that the loose anchor almost overlaps the forces when crossing a train

Fixed anchor takes up the resistance against temperature and other

Strains is low. One embodiment of the invention provides that the sheathing encloses the anchor rod of the loose anchor with a space. The intermediate space ensures a transverse mobility of the anchor rod so that the anchor rod of the loose anchor can fulfill its function of holding the object to be fastened displaceably on the anchor base. The space ensures the transverse mobility even when the

Anchoring rod is cast with a hardening mass such as concrete, which forms the object to be fastened. Formwork or the like is not necessary.

A further development of the invention provides spacers on the inside of the casing, which center the casing on the anchor rod. The spacers can be knobs encircling beads or the like. An exact centering is not important here, but a space around the anchor rod, even if the width of the space changes over the circumference. The spacers ensure transverse mobility in all directions of the anchor rod.

For the fixed anchor, claim 7 provides an anchor rod with a rigid sleeve in the area between the anchoring section and the fastening device of the anchor rod. By stiff is meant in particular a sleeve with high resistance to deformation and high shear strength. The sleeve penetrates the interface between the anchor base and the attached object, it takes

Shear forces and thereby prevents the object from moving relative to the anchor base at the location of the fixed anchor. The sleeve has the advantage that the same anchor rods can be used for the fixed anchor and the loose anchor (s), the fixed anchor having the rigid sleeve and the loose anchor having the deformable covering. In addition, the rigid sleeve can increase the shear strength and shear strength of the fixed anchor.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the anchor rod of the fixed and / or the loose anchor (s) has one or more expansion bodies arranged axially one behind the other. The expansion bodies expand in the direction of the fastening device

Anchor rod away, they can have, for example, a wedge, pyramid or cone shape. They spread out the surrounding mortar used for anchoring when, when the hole in which the anchor rod is anchored, the anchor rod loosens and moves axially. The manufacturing method according to the invention with the features of claim 9 provides that a fixed and one or more loose anchors are anchored at a distance from one another in an anchor base. The anchor rods protrude from the anchor base, the fastening devices of the anchor rods are outside the anchor base. Protective caps are placed on the fastening devices and a hardening mass is applied to the anchor base, which forms the object to be fastened after hardening. The hardening mass can be concrete, for example. The hardening mass encloses the anchor rods, the protective caps protruding from the mass or at least being flush with it. The protective caps form recesses in the hardening mass through which the

Fastening devices are accessible after removing the protective caps.

In a further development, the method according to the invention provides that after the hardening mass has set, the protective caps are removed from the fastening devices of the anchor rods and the anchor rods are tensioned. This can be done, for example, by screwing and / or tightening a nut onto a thread forming the fastening device for the anchor rods. The method according to the invention makes it possible to produce the object to be fastened in a simple manner by pouring or concreting onto the anchor base and applying a prestress to the anchor rods. In addition to a frictional connection of the object to the anchor base in the plane of the separating surface between the object and the anchor base, the pretensioning causes the anchor rods to be re-spread when the borehole is loosened.

To protect against the ingress of moisture and as protection against loosening, for example of a nut screwed onto the anchor rod, the recesses can be poured out in the hardening mass.

The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to an embodiment shown in the drawing. Show it:

Figure 1 shows an anchor rod (fixed anchor) according to the invention in axial section;

FIG. 2 shows the anchor rod from FIG. 1 in the anchored state; Figure 3 shows a second anchor rod according to the invention (loose anchor) in axial section;

FIG. 4 the anchor rod from FIG. 3 in the anchored state; and

FIGS. 5a-f successive anchoring steps for producing an anchoring arrangement according to the invention.

The anchor rod 10 according to the invention shown in FIG. 1 has a steel rod, for example made of structural steel or a higher or high-quality steel. It shows one

Anchoring section 12 with a number of axially successively arranged expansion bodies 14. The expansion bodies 14 are conical, they taper in the direction of a screw thread 16 which is formed on an end of the anchor rod 10 remote from the anchoring section 12. The screw thread 16 forms a fastening device for the anchor rod 10.

In an area between the anchoring section 12 and the screw thread 16, the anchor rod 10 has a rigid sleeve 18, for example also made of steel, which surrounds the anchor rod 10. An inner diameter of the sleeve 18 is larger than a diameter of the anchor rod 10, an annular space between the anchor rod 10 and the

Sleeve 18 is poured out with a hardening mass, for example a shrink-free mortar 20, which holds sleeve 18 on anchor rod 10.

On the side of the screw thread 16, an elastic perforated disk 22 and a conical socket 24 are placed on the anchor rod 10 and a nut 26 is screwed onto the screw thread 16. The conical socket 24 is a perforated disk with a conical countersinking of its perforated edge on a side facing the nut 26. The nut 26 is a special nut with a spherical end-face surface on an end face facing the conical socket 24, which lies in the conical countersink of the conical socket 24. This creates a kind of ball joint, the one

Inclination between the conical socket 24 and the nut 26 compensates.

Figure 2 shows the anchoring of the anchor rod 10 in an anchor base 28, which is a concrete base layer for a track body in the illustrated and described embodiment of the invention. The anchor rod 10 is stepped Borehole 30 inserted in the anchor base 28, spaces between the anchor rod 10 or its rigid sleeve 18 and the borehole 30 are filled with a composite mortar. The composite mortar anchors the anchor rod 10 in the borehole 30. The expansion bodies 14 in the anchoring section 12 of the anchor rod 10 cause the anchoring to be re-spread when a borehole is widened, for example as a result of

Crack formation: If the anchoring loosens as a result of a borehole widening, then an axial displacement of the anchor rod 10, for example due to its pretensioning via the expansion body 14, causes an expansion, i.e. Spreading out the composite mortar surrounding the anchoring section 12, the anchor rod 10 remains anchored in the borehole 30 with an essentially unchanged anchoring force.

The anchor rod 10 and the rigid sleeve 18 surrounding it protrude from the anchor base 28, i.e. the anchor rod 10 and the rigid sleeve 18 penetrate a separating surface 32 between the anchor base 28 and an object 34 to be fastened to the anchor base 28. By tightening the nut 26, the object to be fastened becomes

34 clamped against the anchor base 28, the elastic perforated disc 22 located between the conical socket 24 and the sleeve 18 allowing the clamping. The rigid sleeve 18 engaging in the anchor base 28 and in the object 34 to be fastened or fastened prevents displacement of the object 34 with respect to the anchor base 28. The anchor rod 10 with the rigid sleeve 18 can therefore also be referred to as a fixed anchor. The composite mortar filled into the borehole 30, which surrounds the anchoring section 12 and the rigid sleeve 18, fixes the rigid sleeve 18 against transverse movement in the anchor base 28.

The anchor rod 10 according to the invention shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 has, instead of a rigid sleeve, a deformable covering 36 in the area between the anchoring section 12 and the screw thread 16. The deformable sheath 36 consists, for example, of a plastic and in particular of a material which has a high resistance to deformation at a high rate of deformation and a lower or lower resistance to deformation at a low rate of deformation. A suitable material is PTP (polyterephthalate, which is commercially available, for example, under the brand name Ultradur KR 4071). With the exception of the elastic perforated disc 22 and the elastic sheath 36 instead of the rigid sleeve 18, the anchor rod 10 in FIG. 3 is designed in the same way as the anchor rod 10 in FIG. 1. It also has the conical expansion body 14 in the anchoring section 12, the Screw thread 16, the hexagon nut 26 with the spherical end ring surface and the conical socket 24 placed under the nut 26 and placed on the anchor rod 10. In this respect, reference is made to the above performances.

The envelope has a larger inner diameter than corresponds to a diameter of the anchor rod 10, there is a space around the anchor rod 10 between the anchor rod 10 and the envelope 36. Inward, circumferential beads or thickenings of the envelope 36 form spacers 37, which Center the anchor rod 10 in the casing 36 or in any case space between the anchor rod 10 and the casing 36 over the entire circumference of the

Secure anchor rod 10 even if the thickness of the gap changes over the circumference. The intermediate space ensures a transverse mobility of the anchor rod 10 even in the anchored state. Even if the anchor is encapsulated with a hardening mass such as concrete, the transverse mobility of the anchor rod 10 is ensured after the mass has hardened. It can thereby function as

Meet loose anchor, which prevents a fixed object 34 slidably with an anchor base 28.

The anchorage of the anchor rod 10 shown in FIG. 3 is shown in FIG. 4, it is carried out in the same way as described above for FIG. essential

The difference is that the borehole 30 is not stepped in the anchor base 28. In addition, an intermediate layer 38 between the anchor base 28 and the fixed

Object 34 may be arranged to reduce a frictional force between the object 34 and the anchor base 28. The deformable covering 36 enables the fastened object 34 to be displaced with respect to the anchor base 28

Anchor rod 10 from Figures 3 and 4 can therefore also be referred to as a loose anchor. When the object 34 is moved, the anchor rod deforms as in FIG

Figure 4 exaggerated. An inclined position between the anchor rod 10 and the conical socket 24 is compensated for by the nut 26 which interacts with the conical socket 24 in the manner of a ball joint.

The manufacture of an anchoring arrangement according to the invention is described below with reference to FIGS. 5a-f with the anchoring of a track body 34 on a

Anchor base (concrete base layer) 28 explained. The track body 34 forms the object to be fastened. The track body 34 is fixed in the middle with a fixed anchor, as shown in Figures 1 and 2, and in its edge areas with a loose anchor, as shown in Figures 3 and 4, attached to the anchor base 28. Figure 5a-f shows the anchoring of the fixed anchor in the middle of the track body 34, the anchoring of the loose anchors takes place in the same way.

First, the stepped bore 30 is drilled in the anchor base 28 (FIG. 5a). An unstaged hole is drilled for the loose anchors. After cleaning the boreholes 30, which can be created simultaneously for all three anchors with an automatic drilling machine, the composite mortar is injected into the borehole 30 and the anchor is introduced into the borehole 30 (FIG. 5b). With anchor, either the fixed anchor, i.e. the

Anchor rod 10 with the rigid sleeve 18, or the loose anchor, d. H. the anchor rod 10 is meant with the deformable covering 36. The amount of mortar injected is dimensioned such that the mortar fills the space between the anchor and the borehole 30. The anchor projects from the anchor base 28 by about half its length. A protective cap 40 is placed on the screw thread 16 and the nut 26

(Figure 5c) and then the track body 34 concreted (Figure 5d). The protective cap 40 protrudes from the concrete track body 34.

After the concrete forming the track body 34 has hardened and the composite mortar anchored in the anchor base 28 in the anchor base 28, the protective cap 40 is removed, as a result of which the nut 26 is accessible. The nut 26 is tightened and the anchor rod 10 is thereby biased. After prestressing, a recess in the track body 34 formed by the protective cap 40 can be poured out with a hardening mass, for example a low-shrinkage mortar 42. This secures the nut 26 against loosening and prevents the ingress of water.

The fixed anchor in the middle of the track body 34 fixes the track body 34 on the anchor base 28, the loose anchors, not shown in FIG. 5, arranged laterally at a distance from the fixed anchor, allow a displacement between the track body 34 and anchor base 28 and thereby enable expansion compensation. Since the deformable casing 36 has a high deformation resistance at a high deformation speed, the loose anchors act like the fixed anchor when subjected to a short load, for example when driving over a train, and fix the track body 34 against displacement on the anchor base. A slow displacement of the track body 34 on the anchor base 28, for example by different Thermal expansion is possible with little or at least less force. The anchor rod 10 of the loose anchor is subjected to only a slight transverse force and is not subjected to shear stress, at least as long as the displacement of the track body 34 relative to the anchor base 28 is not greater than a wall thickness of the covering 36 and the space between the anchor rod 10 and the covering 36 , The rigid sleeve 18 of the fixed anchor holds the anchor rod 10 free of transverse force.

Claims

claims

1. Anchoring arrangement with at least two anchor rods which are anchored at a distance from one another in an anchor base by means of a mortar or the like and with which an object is fastened to the anchor base, characterized in that an anchor rod (10) (fixed anchor) supports the object (34). holds immovably on the anchor base (28) and that all other anchor rods (10) (loose anchors) hold the object (34) displaceably on the anchor base (28).

2. Anchoring arrangement according to claim 1, characterized in that the object attached to the anchor base (28) is a track body (34).

3. Anchor rod for anchoring in a hole in an anchor base by means of a mortar or the like, the anchor rod (10) having an anchoring section (12) for anchoring in the anchor base (28) and a fastening device (16) for fastening an object (34) on the anchor rod (10), characterized in that the anchor rod (10) has a deformable covering (36) in a region between the anchoring section (12) and the fastening device (16).

4. Anchor rod according to claim 3, characterized in that the deformable covering (36) has a high resistance to deformation against rapid deformation and a lower resistance to deformation against slow deformation.

5. Anchor rod according to claim 3, characterized in that the covering (36) encloses the anchor rod (10) with a space.

6. Anchor rod according to claim 5, characterized in that the covering (36) has spacers (37) which center the covering (36) on the anchor rod (10).

7. anchor rod for anchoring in a hole in an anchor base by means of a mortar or the like, the anchor rod (10) having an anchoring section (12) for anchoring in the anchor base (28) and a fastening device (16) for fastening an object (34) on the anchor rod (10), characterized in that the anchor rod (10) has a rigid sleeve (18) in a region between the anchoring section (12) and the fastening device (26).

8. Anchor rod according to one of claims 1, 3 or 7, characterized in that the anchor rod (10) has at least one expanding body (14) widening away from the fastening device (16).

9. A method for producing an anchoring arrangement, anchor rods having a fastening device being anchored at a distance from one another by means of mortar or the like in an anchor base (28), so that the fastening devices (16) are located outside the anchor base (28) characterized in that protective caps (40) are placed on the fastening devices (16) of the anchor rods (10), that a hardening mass (34), which forms an object to be fastened, is applied to the anchor base (28), the mass (34 ) surrounding the anchor rods (10) projecting from the anchor base (28) and the protective caps (40) protruding from the mass (34) or at least being flush with it.

10. The method according to claim 9, characterized in that the hardening mass (34) is a concrete.

11. The method according to claim 9, characterized in that, after the hardening mass (34) has set, the protective caps (40) are removed and the anchor rods (10) are tensioned.

2. The method according to claim 11, characterized in that the protective caps (40) leave behind recesses in the curing mass (34).