WO2005106275A1 - Magnetorheologische kupplung - Google Patents
Magnetorheologische kupplung Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2005106275A1 WO2005106275A1 PCT/AT2005/000150 AT2005000150W WO2005106275A1 WO 2005106275 A1 WO2005106275 A1 WO 2005106275A1 AT 2005000150 W AT2005000150 W AT 2005000150W WO 2005106275 A1 WO2005106275 A1 WO 2005106275A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- primary
- magnetorheological
- yoke
- lamellae
- magnetic permeability
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D37/00—Clutches in which the drive is transmitted through a medium consisting of small particles, e.g. centrifugally speed-responsive
- F16D37/02—Clutches in which the drive is transmitted through a medium consisting of small particles, e.g. centrifugally speed-responsive the particles being magnetisable
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D37/00—Clutches in which the drive is transmitted through a medium consisting of small particles, e.g. centrifugally speed-responsive
- F16D2037/007—Clutches in which the drive is transmitted through a medium consisting of small particles, e.g. centrifugally speed-responsive characterised by multiple substantially radial gaps in which the fluid or medium consisting of small particles is arranged
Definitions
- the invention relates to a magnetorheological clutch, consisting of a stationary part, a rotating primary part with primary plates and a coaxially rotating secondary part with secondary plates, a space containing a magnetorheological fluid being formed between the primary and secondary parts, in which primary plates and secondary plates in the axial direction alternate in succession, and wherein a controllable magnetic field acts on the magnetorheological fluid.
- a magnetorheological fluid is to be understood as meaning magnetizable particles suspended in a liquid or in a gas (in particular air).
- the primary plates are connected to the primary part and the secondary plates to the secondary part in a rotationally fixed manner.
- the magnetic field lines are interrupted and the magnetic field acting on the magnetorheological fluid is considerably weakened. Furthermore, due to the construction of the magnetic coil with its yoke, the field lines are relatively long, which further reduces the active part of the magnetic field, that is, the part acting on the magnetorheological fluid.
- the object on which the invention is based is to improve a generic coupling in such a way that the highest possible torque can be transmitted in the smallest space and with minimal power consumption. According to the invention this is achieved by the characterizing features of claim 1.
- This double function takes up less overall space in the axial direction, the magnetic field lines are kept short and the coupling-active part of the magnetic field is maximized.
- the other features also bring about a shortening and homogenization of the magnetic field lines and a maximization of their active part.
- the field lines run in the outer part of the lamellae and the first yoke at largely the same distance in one direction, are turned on the two outer second yokes and run in the opposite direction in the inner part. The flux density is thus evenly distributed.
- the primary lamellae and the secondary lamellae are plates consisting of a material of massive magnetic permeability (claim 2).
- a material of massive magnetic permeability (claim 2).
- this flow is limited by the saturation of the individual lamellae, so that only a very weak magnetic flux is short-circuited in the first lamellae, and the majority of the magnetic flux becomes the next and the next, and so on, lamellae.
- the magnetic flux is distributed evenly over all lamellae by optimal choice of magnetic permeability and by the phenomenon of saturation.
- the slats consist of a uniform, suitably chosen material and can be panes without openings that reduce their strength.
- the material of the slats is chosen so that its magnetic permeability is in the range between 0.6 and 1.2 Teszla (claim 3).
- the magnetic permeability of the magnetorheological fluid also lies in this range.
- the yokes and their parts are composed of sheet metal, or they consist of a material with high magnetic permeability (claim 4) and low electrical conductivity, such as a sintered material. Since eddy currents delay the breakdown of the magnetic field when the clutch is released, this results in significantly shorter switch-off times.
- the at least one first yoke can be connected in a rotationally fixed manner either to the primary part or to the secondary part.
- the assembly, the installation of the clutch and the power supply are easier if the at least one first yoke is connected to the primary part in a rotationally fixed manner and lines are provided in the primary part for the power supply of sliding contacts fixed to the housing to the magnetic coils (claim 6).
- the first yoke contains a single magnetic coil, the winding axis of which is the axis of rotation of the clutch (claim 7).
- the first yoke consists of a number of winding cores, each with a magnetic coil, the winding axis of which is parallel to the axis of rotation of the clutch, and the magnetic coils are evenly distributed over the respective circumference in an outer and an inner row with opposite polarity ( Claim 8).
- the first yoke consists of a number of winding cores, each with a magnetic coil, the winding axis of which is parallel to the axis of rotation of the coupling, which are evenly distributed in a row over the respective circumference, and whose polarity is alternately opposite, the zones Small magnetic permeability of the primary lamellae and the secondary lamellae are aligned essentially radially (claim 9).
- the field lines in the two outer second yokes are not deflected in the radial direction but in the circumferential direction.
- a cavity is formed which is connected to the space containing the magnetorheological fluid and which is closed by a spring-loaded piston (claim 10), whereby pressure fluctuations due to thermal expansion in the space are absorbed - the.
- the first yoke consists of a number of winding cores, each with a magnetic coil, the winding axis of which is parallel to the axis of rotation of the coupling, which are evenly distributed in a row over the circumference, and whose polarity is alternately opposite, primary lamellae and secondary lamellae plates made of a material with high magnetic permeability, which are at least partially penetrated by essentially radially oriented zones of low magnetic permeability distributed over the circumference (claim 11).
- the zones of low magnetic permeability prevent a magnetic short circuit, which would run in the circumferential direction here due to the alternating arrangement of the oppositely polarized magnet coils.
- the zones of low magnetic permeability of the primary lamellae and / or the secondary lamellae are slits, which preferably deviate from the radial direction and the course of which is different for the primary lamellae and the secondary lamellae (claim 12).
- the spiral shape of the slots corresponds approximately to the blade of a radial pump. The pump effect thus achieved counteracts segregation of the magnetorheological fluid. If their course is different, grinding cuts occur at different speeds of adjacent slats, which counteracts torque fluctuations.
- the slots could also be replaced by a series of successive, preferably circular holes (claim 13).
- the lamellae would be less weakened in terms of their strength, but the magnetic permeability of the zone would be somewhat greater.
- FIG. 1 A longitudinal section of the coupling according to the invention in a first embodiment
- Fig. 2 A variant of Fig. 1
- Fig. 3 An axonometric view of Fig. 1, without a secondary part
- Fig. 4 As Fig. 1, but in one second embodiment
- FIG. 5 an axonometric view of FIG. 4
- FIG. 6 a variant of FIG. 5
- FIG. 7 as in FIG. 1, but in a third embodiment
- FIG. 8 as in FIG. 1, but in a fourth Embodiment
- FIG. 9 a detail for FIG. 8.
- the stationary part 1 is only indicated by a dashed line.
- the sliding contacts 2 for the power supply are attached to it.
- a primary part 3 and a secondary part 4 one of which is driving and the other is driven to the extent determined by the current supply via the sliding contacts 2.
- the bearings of primary part 3 and secondary part 4 in the stationary part 1 are not shown.
- the primary part 3 is formed by a primary shaft 5, with the coupling teeth 6 of which primary plates 7, T are connected in a rotationally fixed manner with their corresponding coupling teeth 6 ′′.
- annular spacers 8 are provided between the primary plates 7, 7 ′.
- the spacers 8 common to the primary part 3 and the secondary part 4 Rotation axis is designated 9.
- the secondary part 4 surrounds the primary part 3. It consists of a cylindrical jacket 14, the top surfaces 15, 16 of which are designed as end shields and contain the bearings 17, 18, which ensure the centering between the primary part 3 and the secondary part 4.
- the cylindrical jacket 14 of the secondary part 4 has on its inside a coupling toothing 19 which establishes a rotationally fixed connection to secondary plates 20 which have corresponding coupling teeth 19 ".
- the space 21 between the secondary part 4 and the primary shaft 5 is sealed by means of seals 13 and contains a magnetorheological fluid. This consists of magnetizable particles suspended in a liquid or in a gas (in particular air)
- the primary part 3 and the secondary part 4 consist of a material of low magnetic permeability.
- Both the primary lamellae 7 and the secondary lamellae 20 consist of a material with a maximum magnetic permeability which is between 06 and 1.2 Teszla.
- the maximum magnetic permeability corresponds to the magnetic saturation of a material (one also speaks of “saturation induction”).
- Suitable materials are, for example, iron-nickel sintered or nickel-iron alloys, such as those known under the name “Mumetall” ® or “ Permenorm " ® are marketed by the company vacuum melt.” Mumetall " ® reaches the saturation state at 0.75 to 0.8 Teszla," Permenorm " ® at 1.2 Teszla.
- a used for such slats Steel has a magnetic saturation range of over 2 Teszla, common structural steel one of around 1.7 Teszla, aluminum or plastic one of almost zero and a magnetorheological fluid one of 0.8 to 1 Teszla.
- a first yoke 24 is located approximately in the middle between the primary lamellae 7, 7 'and the secondary lamellae 20, 20'. It consists of an outer part 24a and an inner part 24b, both of a material of high permeability and a zone 24c in between small permeability (almost zero).
- the first yoke 24 is connected in a rotationally fixed manner to the primary part 3 via a coupling toothing 6.
- a magnet coil 25 Inside the two yoke parts 24a, 24b is a magnet coil 25, which here is the common axis of rotation 9 Has winding axis.
- the winding axis is to be understood as the center line of the cylinder on which the turns of the magnetic coil lie.
- the power supply to the magnet coil 25 takes place from the sliding contacts 2 via lines 26 in the interior of the primary part 3.
- the yoke 24 has an end face 31 on both sides which is parallel to the fins 20, 20 '.
- second yokes 27 left in the picture
- 27 ' right in the picture
- the field built up when the solenoid 25 is energized is symbolized by the field lines 28, 29.
- the outer field lines 28 run in a direction parallel to the axis of rotation 9, are deflected inwards in the second yoke 27 and run as field lines 29 in the opposite direction. There is no magnetic short circuit in the yoke itself.
- the magnetic field lines 23 are introduced equidistantly and in parallel into the plate pack and redirected in the second yoke 27, 27 '. It can be seen that these field lines cover most of their path through the space 21 containing the lamellae 7, 20 and the magnetorheological fluid without any air gap.
- short-circuit field lines 30 branch off from the field lines. The magnetic flux along the short-circuit field lines 30 is limited by saturation, so that the weak magnetic short-circuit fluxes are distributed evenly over all lamellae.
- the space 21 is connected to a compensation space 36 via radial bores 35.
- This is a blind bore in the primary shaft 5, which is on its open side in a compensating cylinder 37 ends, in which a compensating piston 38 is acted upon by a compression spring 39, which in turn is supported on a snap ring 40.
- a compression spring 39 which in turn is supported on a snap ring 40.
- FIG. 2 differs only in that two first yokes 24 ', 24 "are present instead of a single one. Viewed from left to right, the second yoke is followed by 27 primary lamellae 7 and secondary lamellae 20, then a first yoke 24 , then primary fins 7 'and secondary fins 20', then another first yoke 24 ", primary fins 7" and secondary fins 20 "and finally the right second yoke 27 '.
- Fig. 3 shows the embodiment of Fig. 1, however, the primary shaft is omitted and only the secondary plates 20 can be seen from the secondary part.
- the field lines 28, 29 are again drawn symbolically, the cones they have pierced are their directional arrows.
- the second embodiment of FIG. 4 differs from FIG. 1 by the different arrangement of parts of the first yoke and the corresponding coil, which is better expressed in the axonometric view of FIG. 5.
- the reference numerals here are those of FIG. 1, but increased by 100.
- the first yoke 124 here consists of a number of winding cores 124a (outer row) and 124b (inner row) distributed in two rows over the circumference with a zone of low magnetic permeability 124c in between.
- Each of the winding cores is individually wound here and is thus encompassed by its own magnetic coil, the winding axis of which is parallel to the axis of rotation 9 and in the winding cores 124a and 124b.
- the winding axes lie in FIG. 6 in the field lines 128, 129 drawn in a tube-like manner. It is essential that the magnet coils 125 a (outer row) and 125 b (inner row) are polarized in opposite directions. In Fig. 6 only the winding cores can be seen, the solenoids themselves are omitted. All winding cores with their magnetic coils are extrusion-coated with plastic dimensions, which also results in zones 124c of low magnetic permeability.
- the variant of the second embodiment differs from FIG. 5 only in that the winding cores 124a, 124b of the first yoke 124 are formed by laminated cores in order to reduce the formation of eddy currents. Eddy currents prevent the rapid breakdown of a magnetic field, which is necessary for the rapid disengagement of a magnetorheological clutch.
- the layers of the "laminated" winding cores are laid out in such a way that they are not cut by the field lines, so that the field lines move along their planes.
- the third embodiment differs structurally only in the design of the first yoke 224 from the previous embodiments.
- the reference numbers are increased by 200 here.
- the first yoke 224 consists of a row of winding cores 224a, 224b which are uniformly distributed over the circumference. These are only arranged in a circumferential row here, however, the windings of adjacent winding cores 224a, 224b are each polarized in opposite directions. The windings themselves are omitted for clarity. It can be seen from the field lines 228, 229 that the winding core 224a flows through in one direction and the adjacent winding core 224b through which the field lines 229, 228 flow in the opposite direction.
- the reversal takes place in the yokes 227, 227 'provided on both sides; with the difference that the deflection does not take place in the radial but in the circumferential direction.
- the individual winding cores 224a, 224b with the magnetic coils surrounding them are again encapsulated with a plastic of low magnetic permeability, which also results in the separation zones 224c.
- the slats 207, 220 here consist of a material of moderate magnetic permeability and are not perforated disks, which allow a limited magnetic short circuit.
- the fourth embodiment differs from that of FIG. 7 only in that the lamellae are made of a material of high magnetic
- Permeability exist and have essentially radially oriented zones 71 of very small magnetic permeability, which can be designed, for example, as in FIG. 9.
- FIG. 9 finally shows on the left (a) a secondary lamella 220 with essentially radial slots 71 as zones of low magnetic permeability and on the right a primary lamella 207 with radial slots 78 as zones of low magnetic permeability.
- the spiral course of the slots 71 corresponds approximately to the blades of a centrifugal pump. The pump effect thus achieved counteracts segregation of the magnetorheological fluid. Grinding cuts occur at different speeds of adjacent slats, which counteracts torque fluctuations.
- the slots could also be replaced by a series of successive, preferably circular holes. The fins would be less weakened in strength, but the magnetic permeability of the zone would be somewhat greater.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Dynamo-Electric Clutches, Dynamo-Electric Brakes (AREA)
- Soft Magnetic Materials (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2007509824A JP2007535644A (ja) | 2004-04-30 | 2005-04-29 | 磁性流体クラッチ |
DE112005000976T DE112005000976A5 (de) | 2004-04-30 | 2005-04-29 | Magnetorheologische Kupplung |
US11/587,421 US7588131B2 (en) | 2004-04-30 | 2005-04-29 | Magnetorheological clutch |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AT3282004 | 2004-04-30 | ||
ATGM328/2004 | 2004-04-30 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2005106275A1 true WO2005106275A1 (de) | 2005-11-10 |
Family
ID=34972502
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/AT2005/000150 WO2005106275A1 (de) | 2004-04-30 | 2005-04-29 | Magnetorheologische kupplung |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US7588131B2 (de) |
JP (1) | JP2007535644A (de) |
DE (1) | DE112005000976A5 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2005106275A1 (de) |
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN100460701C (zh) * | 2007-04-02 | 2009-02-11 | 中国矿业大学 | 磁流变液软启动装置 |
US8100238B2 (en) * | 2007-07-16 | 2012-01-24 | Magna Powertrain Ag & Co Kg | Magnetorheological clutch |
US8157689B2 (en) | 2006-11-03 | 2012-04-17 | Magna Powertrain Ag & Co Kg | Torque transmission unit |
US20130296061A1 (en) * | 2008-08-29 | 2013-11-07 | Schlumberger Technology Corporation | Actuation and pumping with field-responsive fluids |
WO2020239300A1 (de) * | 2019-05-25 | 2020-12-03 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Magnetorheologische einrichtung |
Families Citing this family (15)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
AT8304U1 (de) * | 2004-05-17 | 2006-05-15 | Magna Steyr Powertrain Ag & Co | Magnetorheologische kupplung mit lamellenbändern |
JP4596051B2 (ja) * | 2008-07-09 | 2010-12-08 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | ツインクラッチ装置 |
US8678779B2 (en) * | 2010-03-05 | 2014-03-25 | Hitachi, Ltd. | Fuel pump |
US8781056B2 (en) | 2010-10-06 | 2014-07-15 | TerraPower, LLC. | Electromagnetic flow regulator, system, and methods for regulating flow of an electrically conductive fluid |
US8584692B2 (en) * | 2010-10-06 | 2013-11-19 | The Invention Science Fund I, Llc | Electromagnetic flow regulator, system, and methods for regulating flow of an electrically conductive fluid |
US9008257B2 (en) | 2010-10-06 | 2015-04-14 | Terrapower, Llc | Electromagnetic flow regulator, system and methods for regulating flow of an electrically conductive fluid |
US8397760B2 (en) * | 2010-10-06 | 2013-03-19 | The Invention Science Fund I, Llc | Electromagnetic flow regulator, system, and methods for regulating flow of an electrically conductive fluid |
US11053993B2 (en) * | 2014-12-08 | 2021-07-06 | Lord Corporation | Integrated device for resistive torque generation |
DE102015204691A1 (de) | 2015-03-16 | 2016-09-22 | Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG | Magnetorheologische Kupplung mit herkömmlicher Kompression im Kompressionsraum |
DE102015204688A1 (de) | 2015-03-16 | 2016-09-22 | Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG | Magnetorhelogische Kupplung mit Squeeze-Strengthen-Effekt im Kompressionsraum |
EP3106356B1 (de) * | 2015-06-19 | 2018-01-10 | Continental Automotive GmbH | Elektronische lenksäulenverriegelung |
JP6671074B2 (ja) * | 2015-08-24 | 2020-03-25 | 株式会社栗本鐵工所 | 磁気粘性流体装置 |
DE102019135027B3 (de) * | 2019-12-18 | 2021-05-06 | Inventus Engineering Gmbh | Gerätekomponente für eine magnetorheologische Bremseinrichtung mit Temperaturausgleich |
CN113883184A (zh) * | 2021-09-15 | 2022-01-04 | 江苏大学 | 一种具有沟槽结构传动盘的磁流变离合器 |
CN113898679A (zh) * | 2021-09-28 | 2022-01-07 | 江苏大学 | 一种具有旋向沟槽结构的磁流变离合器从动盘 |
Citations (4)
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EP0940286A2 (de) * | 1998-03-04 | 1999-09-08 | Borg-Warner Automotive, Inc. | Magnetorheologische Kupplungen für Antriebsstrangbauteile eines Kraftfahrzeugs |
US6183386B1 (en) * | 1996-12-27 | 2001-02-06 | Dana Corporation | Differential containing rheological fluid |
WO2004018889A1 (de) * | 2002-08-23 | 2004-03-04 | Magna Steyr | Magnetorheologische kupplung |
WO2004040157A1 (de) * | 2002-10-31 | 2004-05-13 | Magna Steyr Powertrain Ag & Co Kg | Magnetorheologische kupplung |
Family Cites Families (7)
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US2709507A (en) * | 1950-04-21 | 1955-05-31 | Vickers Inc | Magnetic particle clutch |
JPH01124455U (de) * | 1988-02-19 | 1989-08-24 | ||
JPH0238722A (ja) * | 1988-07-28 | 1990-02-08 | Tochigi Fuji Ind Co Ltd | 動力伝達装置 |
JPH0328330U (de) * | 1989-07-29 | 1991-03-20 | ||
US5992582A (en) * | 1994-04-19 | 1999-11-30 | Lou; Zheng | Electrorheological rotary pure-shear damping devices |
DE19939356A1 (de) * | 1998-08-19 | 2000-05-04 | Dana Corp | Stufenlos regelbares Getriebe |
JP2001208099A (ja) * | 2000-01-21 | 2001-08-03 | Viscodrive Japan Kk | トルク制御式ビスカスカップリング |
-
2005
- 2005-04-29 WO PCT/AT2005/000150 patent/WO2005106275A1/de active Application Filing
- 2005-04-29 US US11/587,421 patent/US7588131B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2005-04-29 DE DE112005000976T patent/DE112005000976A5/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2005-04-29 JP JP2007509824A patent/JP2007535644A/ja active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6183386B1 (en) * | 1996-12-27 | 2001-02-06 | Dana Corporation | Differential containing rheological fluid |
EP0940286A2 (de) * | 1998-03-04 | 1999-09-08 | Borg-Warner Automotive, Inc. | Magnetorheologische Kupplungen für Antriebsstrangbauteile eines Kraftfahrzeugs |
WO2004018889A1 (de) * | 2002-08-23 | 2004-03-04 | Magna Steyr | Magnetorheologische kupplung |
WO2004040157A1 (de) * | 2002-10-31 | 2004-05-13 | Magna Steyr Powertrain Ag & Co Kg | Magnetorheologische kupplung |
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US8157689B2 (en) | 2006-11-03 | 2012-04-17 | Magna Powertrain Ag & Co Kg | Torque transmission unit |
CN100460701C (zh) * | 2007-04-02 | 2009-02-11 | 中国矿业大学 | 磁流变液软启动装置 |
US8100238B2 (en) * | 2007-07-16 | 2012-01-24 | Magna Powertrain Ag & Co Kg | Magnetorheological clutch |
US20130296061A1 (en) * | 2008-08-29 | 2013-11-07 | Schlumberger Technology Corporation | Actuation and pumping with field-responsive fluids |
WO2020239300A1 (de) * | 2019-05-25 | 2020-12-03 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Magnetorheologische einrichtung |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US20080236976A1 (en) | 2008-10-02 |
JP2007535644A (ja) | 2007-12-06 |
US7588131B2 (en) | 2009-09-15 |
DE112005000976A5 (de) | 2007-06-06 |
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