WO2005099066A1 - Dispositif et procede - Google Patents

Dispositif et procede Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2005099066A1
WO2005099066A1 PCT/SE2005/000507 SE2005000507W WO2005099066A1 WO 2005099066 A1 WO2005099066 A1 WO 2005099066A1 SE 2005000507 W SE2005000507 W SE 2005000507W WO 2005099066 A1 WO2005099066 A1 WO 2005099066A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
gas
axle
heat
cylinder
energy
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/SE2005/000507
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Torbjörn CARLSSON
Original Assignee
Ggm Global Green Management Ab
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Ggm Global Green Management Ab filed Critical Ggm Global Green Management Ab
Priority to EP05728311A priority Critical patent/EP1743412A1/fr
Publication of WO2005099066A1 publication Critical patent/WO2005099066A1/fr

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K35/00—Generators with reciprocating, oscillating or vibrating coil system, magnet, armature or other part of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K35/02—Generators with reciprocating, oscillating or vibrating coil system, magnet, armature or other part of the magnetic circuit with moving magnets and stationary coil systems

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a device and a method for transforming a gas pressure into mechanical energy into electrical energy.
  • Steam boilers may be used for producing water steam having a high pressure with an energy then transformed in a turbine into mechanical work.
  • the water steam with a high pressure is produced by heating water to boil.
  • the heating takes place in most types of steam boilers by combustion of oil, gas or solid fuels in the furnace of the steam boiler.
  • GB 2344645 describes a system for generating electricity, in which solar energy is used for evaporating a liquid having a low boiling point, which vapour is accordingly used for driving an electrical generator through a turbine.
  • solar energy is used for evaporating a liquid having a low boiling point
  • vapour is accordingly used for driving an electrical generator through a turbine.
  • there is a need of developing the electrical generators of today so as to be able to utilize such environmentally friendly energy sources for producing electrical energy to a lower cost than the systems of today for generating electricity.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a more efficient device than those already known for transforming a gas pressure into mechanical energy into electrical energy.
  • the device according to the invention comprises a device for transforming a gas pressure into mechanical energy into electrical energy comprising a stationary body having at least one cylinder with a working piston arranged on an axle being mounted movably in the longitudinal direction thereof within the stationary body.
  • the device comprises means for alternatively conducting a pressurized gas into said at least one cylinder and means for alternatively conducting gas out from the cylinder for driving the working piston to and fro in the longitudinal direction of said axle within the stationary body.
  • the device also comprises members adapted to slow down the axle while storing energy, which contributes to acceleration of the axle in the opposite direction when changing the direction of movement thereof.
  • said members comprise at least one damping recess arranged in the stationary body and said axle is provided with at least one damping piston moving in said at least, one damping recess arranged so that upon compression of the gas/air volume enclosed in said at least one damping recess the movement of the axle will be slowed down.
  • said members comprise resilient means, such as a spring, for resetting said at least one working piston after having been moved by the influence of the pressured gas upon the working piston.
  • the device comprises a stationary body having at least two cylin ders facing each other with a working piston each, the two working pistons being arranged on an axle in common, which is mou nted movably in the longitudinal direction thereof within the stationary body.
  • the device also comprises means for alternatively conducting a pressurized gas into the cylinders and means for alter- natively conducting gas out from the cylinders, said means being adapted to conduct gas into one of the cylinders while gas is led out from the other cylinder for driving the working pistons t o an fro in the longitudinal direction of said axle within the stationary body.
  • the stationary body has at least two damping rece sses filled with gas and the axle in common is provided with at least two damping pistons moving in a damping recess each, so that upon compression of the gas/air volume enclosed in the damping recess the movement of the axle in common will be slowed d own.
  • a mag netic core is mounted on the axle and the magnetic core is adapted to move inside a stator, so that the movements of the magnetic core generate energy in the stator winding.
  • the axle is adapted to act upon a gear rack driving an output axle through gear wheels instead of mounting a magnetic core on the axle of the device.
  • the movement of the magnetic core in at least one direction is generated by an arrangement having piston and cylinder designed according to the principle of a two-stroke combustion engine with associated fuelling system.
  • the leading-in means to the cylinder/cylinders comprises a change-over valve carrying out a rotation between two change-over positions and being arranged to not reduce the gas flow into the cylinder/ cylinders and accordingly not give rise to flow losses for example by the fact that the change-over valve has a valve body having a cylindrical space and a valve cradle with a concave surface mounted in the centre of the space.
  • the concave surface is restricted in the longitudinal direction by circular walls provided with suitable sealings for sealing against the cylindrical working space of the valve in the valve body.
  • the change over between inlet and outlet to the cylinder/cylinders of the change-over val- ves is preadjusted or adjusted during operation with respect to the turning positions of the working piston/working pistons.
  • the pressurized gas is water steam or it is generated from a liquid, for example a li- quid having a boiling point lower than 0°C, such as R410A, carbon dioxide, propane, R134a, ammonia and others, or a mixture thereof.
  • a liquid for example a li- quid having a boiling point lower than 0°C, such as R410A, carbon dioxide, propane, R134a, ammonia and others, or a mixture thereof.
  • the leading-in means comprises a thermal-insulated container adapted to equa- lize possible pressure variations in the pressurized gas before leading it into the cylinder/cylinders.
  • the present invention also relates to a method for transforming mechanical energy into electrical energy, comprising the steps of generating a gas with a high pressure by heating a liquid to boiling and evaporating.
  • the pressurized gas is led through a device comprising a stationary body having a cylinder with a working piston arranged on an axle being movable in the longitudinal di- rection thereof inside the stationary body and transforms the pressu re of the gas on the surface of the working piston into mechanical work which by the movement of the magnetic core results in electrical energy.
  • a pressurized gas is alternatively conducted into the cylinder and alternatively from the cylinder so as to drive the working piston to and fro in the longitudinal direction of said axle.
  • the movement of the axle is slowed down while storing energy, which contributes to acceleration of the axle in the opposite direction when changing the moving direction thereof.
  • the axle is slowed down by means of a member comprising at least one damping recess arranged in the stationary body.
  • the axle is provided with at least one damping piston moving in the damping recess so that upon compression of the gas/air volume enclosed in a damp- ing recess the movement of the axle will be slowed down.
  • the axle is slowed down by means of a member comprising resilient means, such as a spring, for resetting the working piston after having been moved by the pressurized gas.
  • a magnetic core is mounted on the axle and adapted to move inside a stator, so that the movements of the magnetic core generates energy in the stator winding.
  • the axle may as an alternative act upon a gear rack driving an output rotating axle through gear wheels and back stop bearings instead of mounting a magnetic core on the axle.
  • a change-over valve is arranged, which carries out rotation between two change-over positions at the inlet to the cylinders, said changeover valve being arranged to not reduce the gas flow into the cylinder for example by the fact that the change-over cylinder comprises a valve body having a cylindrical space and a valve cradle with a concave surface mounted in the centre of the space.
  • the leading-in means comprises a cylinder from two-stroke combustion engine.
  • the pressurized gas is water steam from another energy process or air having an over-pressure or it is generated from a liquid having a boiling point lower than 0°C, such as R410A, carbon dioxide, propane, R134a, ammonia and others, or a mixture thereof.
  • the pressurized gas is condensed into liquid after having passed through the transformer.
  • the pressurized gas passes through the transformer this takes place while delivering work through expansion in the transformer, so that a great lowering of the temperature and volume takes place in the gas.
  • the expansion brings the gas into vapour phase, whereas the condensing into the liquid phase may take place in the following condenser.
  • the heat removed from the condensing gas is used for heating a liquid, such as water, or a gas, such as air.
  • a liquid such as water
  • a gas such as air.
  • an apartment of a consumer may for example be provided with hot water or hot air.
  • the pressurized gas is generated by heating a liquid having a boiling point lower than 0°C.
  • a liquid having a boiling point lower than 0°C This means that the gas gets the same pressure and flow at much lower temperatures than needed for conventional steam boilers using water as the working liquid.
  • Said liquid is selected depending upon among others the expansion coefficient, the viscosity and the boiling point thereof.
  • the electricity generating system requires for example in cold climates liquids having a lower boiling point than required in warmer climates.
  • the liquid having a boiling point lower than 0°C is heated by solar energy, air heat, waste heat, excess heat, water heat, ground heat, geo heat, or any other heat carrying medium suited for the purpose or a combination of said heat carrying media.
  • the heat is absorbed from these environmentally friendly energy sources through a conven- tional heat exchanger or fan evaporator or directly in a tube loop suitable for the task or any other suitable device containing the liquid with a low boiling point.
  • the heat carrying medium is used as a cooled medium or so as to cool an object after having transferred the heat thereof to said liquid.
  • a consumer may for example be provided with cooled water or cooled air.
  • the pressurized gas is led to a thermal-insulated container for equalizing possible pressure variations before conducting it to said device transforming mechanical energy into electrical energy.
  • the electrical energy produced is stored for example in an accumulator.
  • the device and the method according to the invention are suit- able for generating electrical energy and it may also as a byproduct deliver hot water, hot gas or a cooled medium to areas having an excess of solar energy, with much air heat, waste heat, water heat, ground heat or any other heat carrying medium suitable for the task or a combination of said heat carrying media.
  • the invention is applicable to stationary as well as movable and mobile electricity generating systems, such as in electrical or hybrid cars.
  • the invention is especially but not exclusively suitable for transforming a gas pressure into mechanical energy directly into electrical energy, i.e. without any need of a gear box, so that accordingly shifting losses may be avoided.
  • Fig. 1 shows a schematic view of a system for carrying out the method according to an embodiment of the inven- tion
  • Fig. 2 shows a device for transforming mechanical energy into electrical energy according to an embodiment of the invention.
  • Fig. 1 illustrates an example of an electricity generating system comprising a pressure-tight liquid container 1 , containing a liquid 2 with a low boiling point connected to a pump module 4 of a gas pressure driven pump 3, which pump for example may be a con- ventional membrane or piston pump driven by pressure.
  • the liquid is for example R-410A having a boiling point of -51.53°C at 1 atm.
  • the liquid 2 is pumped to the secondary side of a heat exchanger 5, whereas a sun catcher is for example connected to the primary side of the heat exchanger 5.
  • the liquid is brought through the water heated by sun radiation from the sun catcher to boil violently resulting in a transition into vapour or gas form on its way through the heat exchanger 5.
  • the required heat energy may also be absorbed from the atmospheric air by using an air heat exchanging evaporator.
  • An electrically driven fan takes care of the flow of air through the air heat exchanging evaporator.
  • the hot air passing delivers heat to the liquid/gas flowing in the eva- porator, so that cooled air may after the evaporator be taken care of for cooling dwellings or premises or for other purposes where coldness is desired.
  • Heat generating electrical or electronical components may as an alternative be used for heating said liquid/gas.
  • the vapour or gas formed in the heat exchanger flows further with a pressure being a function of the temperature given to the vapour or the gas when passing through the heat exchanger 5.
  • the R-410-gas/liquid mixture has for example at the outlet of the heat exchanger have a final temperature of +10°C and a pressure of 10.8 bars.
  • the vapour/gas flow is distributed among the drive module 6 of the feeding pump 3 and a pressure tank 7 belonging to a trans- former or converter 8.
  • the vapour/gas flows from the pressure tank 7 through conduits 8a and 8b into change-over valves 9a and 9b and further to the cylinders of the transformer, where the gas pressurized by heat- ing carries out a work. If the valve cradle of the change-over valve 9a is set in the position for opening into the cylinder 10, then the valve cradle of the change-over valve 9b is automatically set in the closed position, so that vapour/gas does not pass into the cylinder 1 1 , but it is opened for evacuating vapou r/gas from said cylinder 1 1 into the low pressure prevailing in the collecting tank 13, through conduits 14a and 14b, where a certain degree of condensing takes place.
  • the vapour/gas partially condensed flows further to a condenser 15, in which the rem aining heat energy in the vapour/gas is removed through a method suitable for the task, for example an evaporator of a cooling machine connected to the secondary side of the condenser 15 and where ac- cordingly a final condensing into liquid takes place.
  • Systems for cooling suitable for the purpose may as an alternative be connected, such as for example natural or chemical, or heat diverting electrical or electronical components or through expansion of pressurized gas in liquid phase from the pump 4 for leading into the heat exchanger 5 may be used for cooling said liquid/ gas.
  • the condensed liquid flows after that further to the liquid container 1 .
  • the heat from the cooling machine may be taken care of for production of hot water or as preheating of heat media to the heat energy absorbing unit (the heat exchanger 5) of the system.
  • heat energy to the system is absorbed on daytime when the temperature of the sun/ atmospheric air is high, through sun catchers or through an air heat exchanging evaporator.
  • the consumption of electrical ener- gy in households is relatively low during daytime but high in the evening.
  • heat energy may be stored in an insulated accumulator tank, from which heat needed by the system for being able to generate electrical energy continuously during the entire day may then be taken during the dark hours of the day.
  • the method may also be such that during daytime maximum power is withdrawn from the system and the electrical energy not consumed directly is connected to at least one electricity cartridge heating the water in the accumulator tank.
  • a switching of the directing valves arranged before and after the evaporator takes place, so that the liquid/gas flows through the tube loop in the heated accumulator tank.
  • the hot water in the accumulator tank delivers heat to the liquid/gas in the tube loop of the accumulator tank, in which a required vapour pressure may be maintained for the continuing generation of electricity.
  • Fig. 2 shows a device for directly transforming mechanical ener- gy into electrical energy according to an embodiment of the invention.
  • the d evice comprises a stationary body 16.
  • Two pistons 17 and 18 are connected to each other by means of a pi ston rod
  • An electrowinded or permanent magnetized circular magnetic core 20 having alternating magnetic field s North/ South is moun ted on the axle 19 in common between the pistons 17 and 18.
  • Each valve 9a, 9b is constructed so that the gas flow on the high pressure side through the conduits 8a and 8b, at the pas sage through the change-ove r valve 9a and 9b, respectively, does not meet any area reduction on its way into the cylinders 10 and 1 1 , respectively.
  • This is achieved by a special construction in the form of the arrangement of a turnable valve cradle 21 and 22 in the centre of a cylindrical space 25 and 26, which cradle may assume two change-over positions, where the valve cradle 21 is shown in the inlet position and the valve cradle 22 is shown in the evacuating position.
  • the magnetic core 20 is at each wall provided with a short cylindrical damping piston 29 and 30 provided with a lip seaimg (not shown) each.
  • a cylindrical space, i.e. recesses 31 and 32, suitable for the damping pistons 29 and 30 is arranged in the statio- nary body 16 of the transformer.
  • an air volume will be enclosed in the damping recess 32.
  • the changing of th e position for the valve cradle 21 and 22 is initiated and is completely carried out when the piston 30 passes half the depth of the cylindrical space 32.
  • the air volume enclosed in the damping recess 32 will by the kinetic energy of the magnetic core 20 be compressed further until the pressure and the force on the piston 30 are that high that the movement is slowed down completely and the magnetic core 20 changes movement direction to the other direction.
  • the entire assembly shown in Fig. 2 is preferably freely suspended so that vibrations caused by the movements of the axle are not transferred to the supporting layer.
  • the working piston diameter is for example 100 mm and the working piston area 78.5 cm 2 , so that the force on the piston at the gas pressure 10.8 bars amounts to about 847.8 kp.
  • the speed of the piston is abou t 1 .8 m/sec. at the frequency of 20 Hz, so that the piston carries o ut a mechanical power of about 1 526 kpm/sec.
  • An opposing pressure of 4 bars prevails on the opposite piston, so that the real power which may be delivered by the magnetic core will be about 960.8 kpm/sec.
  • Approximately 80-85% of the power of the magnetic core is delivered as electrical energy as in conventional rotary generators.
  • the gas expands after the transformer towards a lower pressure.
  • the temperature of the R-410A-gas is lowered to about -15°C at the connection to the subsequent condenser 15.
  • the temperature thereof is lowered by further -4°C.
  • the device according to the invention may for example comprise a plurality of axles, in which each has one or more working pistons.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)
  • Connection Of Motors, Electrical Generators, Mechanical Devices, And The Like (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un dispositif destiné à transformer une pression de gaz en énergie mécanique et en énergie électrique, et comprenant un corps fixe (16) possédant au moins un cylindre (10, 11) pourvu d'un piston de travail (17, 18) agencé sur un essieu (19) monté mobile dans le sens longitudinal de ce dernier à l'intérieur du corps fixe (16). Ce dispositif comprend de moyens (8a, 9a, 21, 25, 8b, 9b, 22, 26) destinés à conduire, en alternance, un gaz sous pression dans ledit cylindre (10, 11), ainsi que des moyens (14a, 14b) permettant de conduire, en alternance, le gaz à partir du cylindre en vue de l'entraînement d'un piston de travail en va-et-vient dans le sens longitudinal de l'essieu dans le corps fixe. Le dispositif comprend également des éléments destinés à ralentir le mouvement de l'essieu (19) tout en stockant de l'énergie, ce qui contribue à l'accélération de l'essieu dans le sens opposé lors d'un changement du sens de mouvement de ce dernier.
PCT/SE2005/000507 2004-04-06 2005-04-06 Dispositif et procede WO2005099066A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP05728311A EP1743412A1 (fr) 2004-04-06 2005-04-06 Dispositif et procede

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE0400924-7 2004-04-06
SE0400924A SE0400924D0 (sv) 2004-04-06 2004-04-06 Anordning och förfarande

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2005099066A1 true WO2005099066A1 (fr) 2005-10-20

Family

ID=32173698

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/SE2005/000507 WO2005099066A1 (fr) 2004-04-06 2005-04-06 Dispositif et procede

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1743412A1 (fr)
SE (1) SE0400924D0 (fr)
WO (1) WO2005099066A1 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2014047722A (ja) * 2012-08-31 2014-03-17 Hino Motors Ltd 外燃機関
US9341062B2 (en) 2012-11-07 2016-05-17 Samson Aktiengesellschaft Electropneumatic field device

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3616806A1 (de) * 1986-05-17 1987-11-19 Festo Kg Pneumatische daempfungsvorrichtung
US4824149A (en) * 1987-03-20 1989-04-25 Man Technologie Gmbh Generator set
US5329768A (en) * 1991-06-18 1994-07-19 Gordon A. Wilkins, Trustee Magnoelectric resonance engine
GB2395527A (en) * 2002-11-25 2004-05-26 Henry Bascom Ii Bona Cycle engine for converting thermal to electrical energy

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3616806A1 (de) * 1986-05-17 1987-11-19 Festo Kg Pneumatische daempfungsvorrichtung
US4824149A (en) * 1987-03-20 1989-04-25 Man Technologie Gmbh Generator set
US5329768A (en) * 1991-06-18 1994-07-19 Gordon A. Wilkins, Trustee Magnoelectric resonance engine
GB2395527A (en) * 2002-11-25 2004-05-26 Henry Bascom Ii Bona Cycle engine for converting thermal to electrical energy

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2014047722A (ja) * 2012-08-31 2014-03-17 Hino Motors Ltd 外燃機関
US9341062B2 (en) 2012-11-07 2016-05-17 Samson Aktiengesellschaft Electropneumatic field device

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
SE0400924D0 (sv) 2004-04-06
EP1743412A1 (fr) 2007-01-17

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