WO2005095438A1 - Saponines, leur preparation et leur utilisation - Google Patents

Saponines, leur preparation et leur utilisation Download PDF

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WO2005095438A1
WO2005095438A1 PCT/CN2005/000364 CN2005000364W WO2005095438A1 WO 2005095438 A1 WO2005095438 A1 WO 2005095438A1 CN 2005000364 W CN2005000364 W CN 2005000364W WO 2005095438 A1 WO2005095438 A1 WO 2005095438A1
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myocardial infarction
mpd
water
chemical formula
methanol
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PCT/CN2005/000364
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English (en)
French (fr)
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Xinsheng Yao
Lianda Li
Naili Wang
Rongli Zhang
Haifeng Chen
Ping Shen
Gexia Qu
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Shenzhen Research Center Of Traditional Chinese Medicines & Natural Products
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Priority to US10/599,156 priority Critical patent/US20070213280A1/en
Publication of WO2005095438A1 publication Critical patent/WO2005095438A1/zh

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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/70Carbohydrates; Sugars; Derivatives thereof
    • A61K31/7042Compounds having saccharide radicals and heterocyclic rings
    • A61K31/7048Compounds having saccharide radicals and heterocyclic rings having oxygen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. leucoglucosan, hesperidin, erythromycin, nystatin, digitoxin or digoxin
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61PSPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P3/00Drugs for disorders of the metabolism
    • A61P3/06Antihyperlipidemics
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61PSPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P9/00Drugs for disorders of the cardiovascular system
    • A61P9/10Drugs for disorders of the cardiovascular system for treating ischaemic or atherosclerotic diseases, e.g. antianginal drugs, coronary vasodilators, drugs for myocardial infarction, retinopathy, cerebrovascula insufficiency, renal arteriosclerosis
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61PSPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P9/00Drugs for disorders of the cardiovascular system
    • A61P9/12Antihypertensives
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07JSTEROIDS
    • C07J71/00Steroids in which the cyclopenta(a)hydrophenanthrene skeleton is condensed with a heterocyclic ring

Definitions

  • the invention relates to body saponin compounds, in particular to Methylprotodioscin (abbreviated as MPD, Chinese name is methyl protodioscin) and Pseudoprotodioscin (abbreviated as PPD, Chinese name is pseudoprotodioscin), and the two are used for preventing and treating cardiovascular diseases such as myocardial infarction Application.
  • MPD Methylprotodioscin
  • PPD Pseudoprotodioscin
  • PPD Chinese name is pseudoprotodioscin
  • Diao Xinxuekang produced by the Diao Pharmaceutical Group in Chengdu, China, has the effect of dilating coronary blood vessels and improving myocardial ischemia in rats. It is mainly used to treat coronary heart disease. It is the best traditional Chinese medicine preparation for preventing and treating cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. one. It is reported in the literature that it mainly contains steroidal fuxi chemical constituents [1] .
  • the 2000 edition of the Chinese Pharmacopoeia stipulates that thin layer chromatography (TLC) is used to identify the raw medicinal material Pandolin or yellow yam, and the content is determined by acid hydrolysis method to total saponins. After hydrolysis, the weight of total saponin was determined by gravimetry [2] .
  • TLC thin layer chromatography
  • the present invention relates to a new use of a steroidal saponin compound of the general formula (I) or ( ⁇ ) in the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases such as myocardial infarction.
  • Straight-chain or branched sugar chains the types of which sugar chains make up sugars include ⁇ -D-glucose, a-D-glucose, OC-L-rhamnose, ⁇ -D-galactose, a-D-galactose Lactose, ⁇ -D-mannose, oc-D-mannose, ⁇ -D-arabinose, a- D-arabinose, ⁇ -D-xylose, ot-D-xylose, ⁇ -D-ribose, a- D-ribose, ⁇ -D-lythose, a- D-lythose, aD-loose, and 6-deoxysugar and 2, 6-dideoxysugar corresponding to each of the six aldose .
  • R 3 H or C3 ⁇ 4
  • R 3 0CH 3
  • the present invention uses Dioscorea plants as raw materials, through various separation methods, purification and purification to obtain monomer compounds MPD and PPD.
  • the pharmacological experiments of rats and dogs against acute myocardial infarction were performed in the form of monomers or mixtures of different proportions.
  • the results show that MPD, PPD, and a mixture of the two in different proportions can effectively reduce the scope of myocardial infarction, suggesting that it has a significant effect on the treatment of coronary heart disease and a good prospect for research and development.
  • Figure 1 shows the effect of MPD of the present invention on the range of myocardial infarction in rats
  • FIG. 1 shows the effect of MPD on the scope of myocardial infarction in rats
  • Figure 3 shows the effect of MPD of the present invention on the range of myocardial infarction in dogs
  • Figure 4 is a comparison of acute myocardial ischemia (N-ST) in dogs of each administration group of the present invention (epicardial electrical icon test);
  • FIG. 5 is a comparison of acute myocardial ischemic range ( ⁇ -ST) in dogs of each administration group of the present invention (epicardial electrical icon measurement);
  • FIG. 6 is a comparison of changes in coronary flow in the administration group of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a comparison of changes in myocardial oxygen consumption of dogs in the administration group of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is the percentage of infarct area of each group related to MPD of the present invention. detailed description
  • the applicant uses various plants of the genus Dioscorea as raw materials and obtains them through purification and purification through various separation methods.
  • TLC thin-layer chromatography
  • HPLC high-performance liquid chromatography
  • Example 1 Extraction and isolation of a saponin compound MethylProtodioscin (MPD) 70 kg of fresh rhizomes of Dioscorea dioscorea (Discorea nipponica) were extracted by heating under reflux with 80% ethanol, the extract was concentrated, and the obtained extract was suspended In water, a water-soluble portion and a water-insoluble portion are obtained. The water-dissolved part was passed through a D101 macroporous adsorption resin column, which was first eluted with water, and then eluted with 10%, 50%, and 95% ethanol, respectively.
  • MPD MethylProtodioscin
  • the obtained extract is suspended in 3000 ml of water and extracted twice with equal volume of water-saturated n-butanol. After evaporation and concentration, silica gel column chromatography (200-300 mesh;) was used to elute with a gradient of chloroform-methanol-water (8: 2: 0.1) to methanol. The eluent was recovered under reduced pressure. Then it was passed through 0DS column chromatography and eluted with a gradient of methanol-water (1: 1; 65: 35; 80: 20). The 65% methanol eluted fraction was collected and prepared by Rp-18 high performance liquid phase (70% methanol).
  • Example 3-Effect of steroid saponin MPD on acute myocardial infarction in rats and dogs Objective: To explore the effect and mechanism of MPD injection on acute myocardial infarction. Methods: A model of acute myocardial infarction with coronary artery ligation was used to observe the effects of MPD injection on myocardial infarction range, coronary flow and myocardial oxygen consumption in rats and dogs. Results: MPD injection can reduce heart in experimental rats and dogs The scope of myocardial infarction and improving cardiac function. Conclusion: MPD injection has obvious therapeutic effect on myocardial infarction.
  • MPD is a saponin monomer compound.
  • MPD Provided by Academician Yao Xinsheng, Shenzhen Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine and Natural Medicine.
  • Diltiazem hydrochloride tablets provided by Tianjin Tanabe Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., batch number: 0003003.
  • Nitrotetrazolium Blue purchased from the Medicine Supply Station of the PLA Academy of Military Medical Sciences, batch number:
  • Multi-channel physiological recorder (RM-6000, Japan Optoelectronics); electric ventilator (SC-3, Shanghai); electromagnetic flowmeter (MF-1 100, Japan Optoelectronics); pressure transducer (MPU- 0. 5A); carrier amplifier (AP-601G); differentiator (ED-601G); oximeter (AVL912, Switzerland). Multimedia color pathology image analysis system, MPIAS-500. 2 experimental methods
  • the rats were anesthetized with 3.5% chloral hydrate according to 101111 / 13 ⁇ 4 body weight, connected to a ventilator, prepared for skin, opened the chest cavity, divided into capsules, exposed A, dirty, and ligated the root of the left anterior descending coronary artery.
  • the dog was anesthetized at 3% sodium pentobarbital at 1 ml / kg, the chest was opened, the heart was exposed, the pericardial bed was made, the epicardial electrode was placed, and the left anterior descending coronary artery was ligated.
  • the femoral vein was intubated, and the carotid arteries and external jugular veins were intubated to the coronary sinus.
  • model control group lml / lkg of saline administered to the femoral vein
  • positive drug control group diazem hydrochloride injection 0.5mg / kg
  • MPD group (20mg / kg) three groups, two in each group. Data were measured before, immediately after administration and 5, 15, 30, 60, 120, 180 min, N-ST, ⁇ -ST, blood oxygen content in coronary sinus and arteries, and myocardial infarction.
  • Electrocardiogram Changes in N-ST and ⁇ -ST
  • N-BT staining method Measurement of the scope of myocardial infarction: Immediately after the animal is sacrificed, remove the heart, flush it with normal saline, and absorb the water with filter paper. Below the ligature line, cut into 4 equal thicknesses from the apex of the heart and place In nitrotetrazole blue staining solution, protected from light for 2 minutes at room temperature, measured with a multimedia color pathological image analysis system The area of each slice, f only myocardial infarction surface (N-BT non-stained area), total ventricular muscle area, total ventricular muscle infarction area were calculated, and myocardial infarction area / ventricular area (%) was calculated. 2. 4 statistical processing
  • SPSS10.0 was used for statistical processing, and the data was expressed as ⁇ .
  • Figure 1 The model control group had a myocardial infarction range of 41. 20 ⁇ 12. 25 (%) in the ventricle, indicating successful modeling; the MPD group had a myocardial infarction range of 33.4 ⁇ 8. 09 (% ), There is a significant difference compared with the model control group.
  • Model control group 10 3ml 41. 20 ⁇ 12. 25
  • the myocardial infarction range in the control group reached 40. 99 ⁇ 6.64 (%) of the ventricle, indicating successful modeling; the myocardial infarction range in the Diao Xinxuekang group was 27. 24 ⁇ 10 in the ventricle. 24 (%); The range of myocardial infarction was reduced in the MPD group.
  • the high-dose group (30. 62 ⁇ 9. 46%) had a very significant difference, and the medium-dose group (32. 32 ⁇ 6. 92). %) Showed a significant difference.
  • the low-dose group (37. 89 ⁇ 8. 41%) had a decreasing trend, but there was no statistical significance.
  • the model control group has a myocardial infarct range infarct area / heart of 6.45 ⁇ 1.03 (%), an infarct area / ventricular 16.21 ⁇ 1.00 (%), MPD group myocardial infarction area infarct area / heart 2.74 ⁇
  • Diao Xinxuekang has the effect of dilating coronary blood vessels and improving myocardial ischemia. It is often used to treat coronary heart disease and is the positive control drug in this experiment.
  • MPD is a saponin compound.
  • Coronary artery ligated rats can improve myocardial infarction.
  • the range of myocardial infarction in the high-dose MPD group is significantly lower than that in the model control group.
  • the middle-dose group has a significant difference.
  • the low-dose group has a downward trend.
  • the effects of high, medium and low dose groups on the extent of myocardial infarction have a dose-effect trend.
  • MPD, PPD Provided by Academician Yao Xinsheng of Shenzhen Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine and Natural Medicine.
  • N-BT Nitrotetrazolium Blue
  • N-BT staining method Measurement of the scope of myocardial infarction: Immediately after the animal is sacrificed, remove the heart, flush it with normal saline, and absorb the water with filter paper. Below the ligation line, cut into 5 equal thicknesses from the apex of the heart, and place In the nitrotetrazolium blue staining solution, at room temperature and protected from light for 2 minutes, the area of each slice and the area of myocardial infarction (N-BT non-stained area) were measured using a multimedia color pathological image analysis system, and the total ventricular muscle area and ventricular muscle were calculated. Total infarct area. Calculate myocardial infarction area / total heart area (%).
  • SPSS10.0 was used for statistical processing, and the data was expressed as ⁇ .
  • PPD group 7 40rag 36. 31 ⁇ 1. 90 * 14. 3% (1/7) Note: Compared with the model control group * P ⁇ 0. 05 ** P ⁇ 0. 01
  • Example 5 Effect of a mixture of steroidal saponin compounds MPD and PPD in different ratios on acute myocardial infarction in rats
  • Wistar rats male, body weight (170 ⁇ 20g), provided by Beijing Tongji J Experimental Animal Breeding Plant [ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ (2000) ⁇ 010].
  • MPD, PPD provided by Academician Yao Xinsheng of Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine and Natural Medicine Research Center, the ratio of MPD + PPD combined is 1: 1
  • N-BT Nitrotetrazolium Blue
  • N-BT staining method Measurement of the scope of myocardial infarction: After the animals were sacrificed, the heart was removed by standing SP, flushed with normal saline, and the water was removed with filter paper. Below the ligation line, 5 pieces of equal thickness were cut from the apex of the heart and placed in parallel. In a nitrotetrazolium blue staining solution, protected from light at room temperature for 2 minutes, the area of each slice and the area of myocardial infarction (N-BT non-stained area) were measured with a multimedia color pathological image analysis system, and the total area of the ventricular muscle, Total ventricular myocardial infarction area. Calculate myocardial infarct area / total heart area (%). 2.4 Statistical processing
  • SPSS10.0 was used for statistical processing, and the data was expressed as soil. 3 experimental results
  • the model control group has a myocardial infarction range of 41.06 ⁇ 1.66 (%) in the ventricle, indicating successful modeling; the myocardial infarction range in the MPD group is 36.24 ⁇ 3.74 (%) in the ventricle, and the myocardial infarction range in the PPD group It is 36.31 ⁇ 1.90 (%) of the ventricle.
  • P ⁇ 0.05 the model control group has a significant difference between them (P ⁇ 0.05), and MPD + PPD is the best.
  • PPD group 7 40mg 36.31 ⁇ 1.90 *
  • MPD, PPD alone and combined have obvious effects in the treatment of experimental myocardial infarction in rats.
  • the combination of the two in a certain proportion can produce a synergistic effect, which can achieve better therapeutic effects at the same dose.

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Description

皂苷类化合物以及其制备和应用 技术领域
本发明涉及 体皂苷类化合物,特别涉及 Methylprotodioscin (简称 MPD, 中文名为甲基原薯蓣皂苷)与 Pseudoprotodioscin (简称 PPD,中文名为伪原薯 蓣皂苷), 以及两者在防治心肌梗塞等心血管疾病中的应用。 背景技术
由中国成都地奥制药集团生产的 "地奥心血康", 具有扩张冠脉血管, 改 善大鼠心肌缺血的作用,主要用于治疗冠心病,是现在市售最好的防治心脑血 管疾病的中药制剂之一。文献报道其中主要含有甾体阜昔类化学成分[1], 中国 药典 2000年版规定采用薄层层析(TLC)与原料药材穿山龙或者黄山药对照进 行鉴别,含量测定则采取酸水解法将总皂苷水解后用重量法测定总皂苷元的重 量 [2]。有关单一呋 皂苷类化合物以及两个单体呋 皂苷类化合物以不同比例 组成的混合物是否对心肌梗塞有缓解作用,未见文献报道,也未检索到相关专 利。
参考文献:
[1]李伯刚, 周正质.新药与临床. 1994. 3(13) : 210003 2002. 4
[2] 中华人民共和国药典 (2000版, 一部)
[3]胡柯, 三种抗癌中草药的活性成分研究 (沈阳药科大学博士论文, 1998)
[4]沈平, 圆果三角叶薯蓣和弯蕊开口箭活性成分的研究 (沈阳药科大学博士论文, 2002)
[5]刘宏伟, 海绵、 福州薯蓣和齿叶黄杞的化学成分及抗癌活性研究 (沈阳药科大学博士论文, 2002)
[6] Hu, k. , Dong, A. J. , Yao, X. S. , Ft al. , Antineoplastic Angents II. Four Furostanol
Glycosides from Rhizomes of Dioscorea collettii var. hypoglauca, Planta Med. , 1997, 63, 161-165
[7] Hu, k. , Dong, A. J. , Yao, X. S. , Et al. , A Furostanol Glycoside from Dioscorea collettii var. hypolauca, Phytochemistry, 1997, 44 (7), 1339 - 1342
[8] Hu, k. , Yao, X. S. , Methyl protogracillin (NSC-698792): the spectrum of cytotoxicty against
60 human cancer cell lines in the National Cancer Institute ' s anticancer drug screen panel,
Anti-Cancer Drugs, 2001, 12(6), 541-547
1
确 认 本 [9] Liu, H. W. , Kobayshi, H, Qu} G.∑ , Yao, ∑ S. A new furostanol saponin from Dioscorea futsha腿 sis. Chin. Chem. Lett, , 2002, 13(3), 241-244.
[10] Maosheng Cheng, Qianli Wang, Quan Tian, Hongyan Song, Yongxiang Liu, Qiang Li, Xin Xu,
Hongdong Miao, Xinsheng Yao, andZhen Yang. Total Synthesis of Methyl Protodioscin: A Potent
Agent with Anti-tumor Activity. J. Org, Che .
发明内容
本发明涉及通式为( I )或(π )的留体皂苷类化合物在防治心肌梗塞等 心血管疾病中的新用途。
Figure imgf000004_0001
上述通式中, 葡萄糖;
直链糖链或支链糖链, 其糖链组成糖的类型包括 β-D-葡萄糖、 a- D-葡 萄糖、 OC-L-鼠李糖、 β-D-半乳糖、 a- D-半乳糖、 β-D-甘露糖、 oc- D-甘露糖、 β-D-阿拉伯糖、 a- D-阿拉伯糖、 β-D-木糖、 ot-D-木糖、 β- D-核糖、 a- D-核糖、 β-D-来苏糖、 a- D-来苏糖、 a-D-夫糖以及上述各个六碳醛糖相对应的 6-去氧 糖及 2, 6-二去氧糖。
R3= H或 C¾
通式为( I )的甾体皂苷类化合物 Methylprotodioscin (MPD)在防治心肌 梗塞等心血管疾病中的应用, 其结构为通式 ( I ) 中:
β—D glucose
Figure imgf000004_0002
R3= 0CH3
通式为 (Π ) 的甾体皂苷类化合物 Pseudoprotodioscin (PPD)在在防治 心肌梗塞等心血管疾病中的应用, 其结构为通式 (II ) 中,
Ri= β D- glucose
Figure imgf000005_0001
本发明以薯蓣属植物为原料,通过多种分离方法,纯化精制得到单体化合 物 MPD和 PPD。 将二者分别以单体形式或者以不同比例组成的混合物形式, 对 大鼠以及犬进行抗急性心肌梗塞的药理实验。 结果表明, MPD、 PPD, 以及两者 按不同比例组成的混合物,均可有效地减少心肌梗塞范围,提示具有明显的治 疗冠心病的作用和良好的研究开发前景。 附图说明
图 1 为本发明 MPD对大鼠心肌梗塞范围的影响;
图 2 为本发明重复实验 MPD对大鼠心肌梗塞范围的影响;
图 3 为本发明 MPD对犬心肌梗塞范围的影响;
图 4 为本发明各给药组犬急性心肌缺血程度 (N-ST) 的比较 (心外膜电 图标测);
图 5 为本发明各给药组犬急性心肌缺血范围 (∑- ST) 的比较(心外膜电 图标测);
图 6为本发明给药组犬冠脉流量变化比较;
图 7为本发明给药组犬心肌耗氧量变化比较;
图 8 为本发明 MPD相关各组梗塞面积百分比。 具体实施方式
申请人以薯蓣属多种植物为原料, 通过多种分离方法, 纯化精制得到
Methylprotodioscin (MPD) ^ Pseudoprotodioscin (PPD)以及其他多种具有上列 结构通式(I)或(II) 的呋甾皂苷类化合物纯品 [39], 并用合成方法合成了其 中的 MPD[1°]。 随后通过薄层层析 (TLC)和高效液相色谱 (HPLC)对照, 确认在地 奥心血康中也存在 MPD及 PPD等呋 皂苷类化学成分。考虑到地奥心血康的临 床应用特点, 我们决定将上述单一呋 留体皂苷类化合物 MPD、 PPD及两者不 同比例的混合物,与地奥心血康对照,采用大鼠及犬心肌梗塞动物模型进行试 验, 探讨并比较它们的作用, 发现 MPD、 PPD以及两者以不同比例组成的呋甾 皂苷类混合物对因人工结扎造成的大鼠及犬心肌梗塞模型均有明显的缓解效 果, 与地奥心血康相比没有统计学差异。 实施例 1: 留体皂苷类化合物 MethylProtodioscin (MPD)的提取分离 取薯蓣属植物穿龙薯蓣 (Discorea nipponica) 的新鲜根茎 70 kg, 用 80%乙醇加热回流提取, 浓缩提取液, 所得提取物混悬于水中, 得到水溶解部 分和水不溶解部分。 将水溶解部分通过 D101大孔吸附树脂柱, 先用水洗脱, 然后分别用 10%、 50%及 95%乙醇洗脱。 50%乙醇洗脱液蒸发浓缩后, 再经硅胶 柱层析 (200-300 目), 以氯仿 -甲醇 -水(8: 2. 5: 0. 01 )至甲醇梯度洗脱, 洗脱液减压回收, 合并馏分 46~50所析出的结晶并进行重结晶得到化合物 MPD (192. 6g)。 实施例 2: 甾体皂苷类化合物 Pseudoprotodioscin (PPD)的提取分离 取薯蓣属植物福州薯蓣(Discoreafutschauensis) 的根茎 3 kg, 用 75% 乙醇加热回流提取, 浓缩提取液, 所得提取物混悬于 3000ml水中, 用等体积 的水饱和正丁醇萃取两次,萃取液蒸发浓缩后,再经硅胶柱层析(200-300目;), 以氯仿-甲醇-水 (8: 2: 0.1)至甲醇梯度洗脱, 洗脱液减压回收, 合并馏分 8〜17,再通过 0DS柱层析, 以甲醇-水(1: 1; 65: 35; 80: 20)梯度洗脱, 收 集 65%甲醇洗脱部分, 经 Rp- 18高效液相制备 (70%甲醇), 收集 40分钟左右出 现的色谱峰, 减压干燥得到化合物 Pseudoprotodioscin (100mg)。 实施例 1、 2 中甾体皂苷类化合物 MethylProtodioscin (MPD)和 Pseudoprotodioscin (PPD)的理化常数:
化合物 Methyl Protodioscin( PD): 白色粉末, mp230- 233°C (dec) , [ ]25 D- 88. Ί。 (c:0.80 pyridine)。 Liebermarm- Burchard、 Molish禾口 Ehrlich反应均呈阳性。酸水解检出葡萄糖和鼠李糖。 IRmax: 3400-3450 (0H), 2950, 1380, 1040 (glycosylC- 0)。 FAB- MS :1085 (M+Na)+, 1062 (Μ+Η)+' 1031 (M +H - CH30H) +, 869 (M+H- C¾0H - Glc) +, 723 (M+H- C¾0H - Glc-Rha) +, 577 (M+ H-CH3OH - Glc-RhaX2)+, 415 (M+H- C¾0H - GlcX2-RhaX2)+, 397 (M+
H-CH30H-H20 - Glc X 2-Rha X 2) + ; —匪 R (C5D5N) δ: 0.87 (3H, s, CH3— 18), 0.98 (3H, d, CH3-27) , 1.08 (3H, s, C¾— 19), 1.03 (3H, d, CH3—21),
1.26(3H, d, J=6.2Hz), 1.28 (3H, d, J二 6.2Hz)。 13C- NMR数据见表 2.
化合物 Pseudoprotodioscin (PPD): 白色粉末, mp 174-176 "C (dec) , [α ]25 D - 64.1° (c:0.003pyridine)。 Liebermann-Burchard、 Molish和 Ehrlich反 应均呈阳性。酸水解检出葡萄糖和鼠李糖。IRmax: 3420 (0H), 2940 (CH) , 1645, 1450, 1375, 1335, 1225, 1115, 1070, 1045, 920, 890。 ESI— MS: 1053 (M+Na) +, 1029 (M-H)—'883 (M-H - 146)―, 737 (M-H- 146 X 2)一。 —丽 R(C5D5N) δ:0.72 (3H, s,CH3— 18), 1.01 (3H, d, J二 6.6Hz, CHs-27) , 1.05 (3H, s, CH3— 19), 1.63 (3H, s,
CH3-21), 1.62 (3H, d, J二 6. OHz) ,1.76 (3H, d, J=6.3Hz), 4.83 (IH, d, J=7.5Hz), 4. 94 (1H, d, J=6.6Hz), 5.32 (IH, brs, H—6), 5.85 (1H, s), 6.39 (IH, s)。 13C -匪 R数据 见表 1:
表 1 Pseudoprotodioscin (PPD)的 13C-NMR数据(C5D5N)
No. Aglycone moiety No. Sugar moiety
1 38.0 Glc (inner)
2 30.7 1 100.8
3 78.5 2 79.0
4 39.5 3 77.5
5 141.3 4 79.1
6 122.3 5 78.3
7 32.9 6 62.8
8 32.0 Rha(l-2)
9 50.8 1 102.5
10 37.6 2 73.0
11 21.8 3 73.3
12 40.1 4 74.6
13 43.9 5 70.0
14 55.4 6 19.1
15 35.0 Rha(l-4)
16 85.0 1 103.4
17 65.0 2 73.0
18 14.6 3 73.3
19 19.9 4 74.4
20 104.1 5 70.9
21 12.3 6 19.0
22 152.9 Glc (-26)
23 34.0 1 105.4
24 24.2 2 75.7
25 32.0 3 79.1
26 75.5 4 72.2
27 17.9 5 78.5
6 63^
Recorded on a Bruker-300 (75 MHz for 13C) NMR spectrometer. MPD的 13C- NMR数据 (C5D5N)
Aglycone moiety Sugar moiety
Position Position
1 37.2 Glc (inner)
2 30.2 1 100.3
3 78.2 2 78.0
4 39.0 3 78.2
5 140.9 4 78.7
6 121.9 5 77.0
7 32.2 6 61.4
8 31.7
9 50.4 1 102.1
10 37.6 2 72.6
11 21.1 3 72.8
12 40.5 4 74.2
13 40.8 5 69.6
14 56.6 6 18.6
15 32.4 Rha(l→4)
16 81.4 1 103.0
17 64.2 2 72.6
18 16.3 3 72.9
19 19.5 4 74.0
20 40.8 5 70.5
21 16.3 6 18.7
22 112.7 26- 0- Glc
23 30.9 1 105.0
24 28.2 2 75.3
25 34.3 3 78.6
26 75.3 4 71.8
27 17.2 5 78.7
22-0-CHs 47.3 6 63.0
Recorded on a Bruker-500 (125 MHz for I3C) 蘭 R spectrometer.
实施例 3- 甾体皂苷类化合物 MPD对大鼠、 犬急性心肌梗塞的影响: 目的:探讨 MPD注射剂对急性心肌梗塞的疗效及作用机制。方法:采用冠 状动脉结扎急 '性心肌梗塞模型,观察 MPD注射剂对大鼠和犬心肌梗塞范围、冠 脉流量和心肌耗氧量等指标的影响。 结果: MPD注射剂可减小实验大鼠和犬心 肌梗塞范围, 改善心脏功能等作用。 结论: MPD注射剂对心肌梗塞明显的治疗 作用。
关健词: MPD 心肌梗塞
MPD属皂苷类单体化合物, 本实验观测 MPD对于实验性心肌梗塞的疗效及
1 实验材料
1. 1 实验动物
Wistar大鼠, 雄性, 体重(200±20g), 由北京市通利实验动物养殖厂提 供 [京物许字(2000) 第 010号]。
健康成年杂种犬 6只, 体重(15. 05±0. 80kg), 雌雄兼用, 由北京市通利 实验动物养殖厂提供 [京动许字 (2000) 第 010号]。
1. 2药物与试剂
MPD: 深圳中药与天然药物研究中心姚新生院士提供。
0. 9%氯化钠注射液: 北京双鹤药业股份有限公司提供,批号: 030208612。 地奥心血康: 成都地奥制药集团有限公司提供, 批号: 0208096。
盐酸地尔硫革片: 天津田边制药有限公司提供, 批号: 0003003。
硝基四氮唑蓝 (N-BT): 购自解放军军事医学科学院药材供应站, 批号:
971120。
1. 3主要仪器
多道生理记录仪 (RM-6000型, 日本光电); 电动呼吸机 (SC- 3型, 上海); 电磁流量计 (MF- 1 100 型, 日本光电); 压力换能器 (MPU- 0. 5A) ; 载波放大器 (AP-601G); 微分器 (ED-601G) ; 血氧仪(AVL912型, 瑞士)。 多媒体彩色病理 图像分析系统, MPIAS- 500型。 2实验方法
2.1 心肌梗塞模型造模型方法
3.5%水合氯醛按 101111/1¾体重将大鼠麻醉, 接呼吸机, 备皮, 打开胸腔, 分开心包膜, 暴露 A、脏, 结扎冠状动脉左前降支根部。
3%戊巴比妥钠按 lml/kg将犬麻醉, 开胸, 暴露心脏, 做心包床, 放置心 外膜电极, 结扎冠状动脉左前降支。股静脉插管给药, 颈动脉插管、颈外静脉 插管至冠状静脉窦, 分别取血测动静脉血氧含量。
2.2分组
2.2.1 预实验将 20 只大鼠随机分为模型对照组 (尾静脉注射生理盐水 3ml/kg)和 MPD组 (40mg/kg), 每组 10只。
2.2.2重复实验 4每 50 只大鼠随机分为模型对照组 (尾静脉给生理盐水 3ml/kg), 地奥心血康组 (灌胃给药 40mg/kg), MPD高剂量组(尾静脉注射 80mg/kg)、 中剂量组 (40mg/kg)、 低剂量组 (20mg/kg) 5组, 每组 10只。 造模成功后 30分钟给药 1次, 24小时后处死动物, 观测结果。
2.2.3犬 6只, 随机分模型对照组(股静脉给药生理盐水 lml/lkg), 阳性 药对照组(盐酸地尔硫萆注射液 0.5mg/kg), MPD组(股静脉给 20mg/kg)三 组,每组 2只。测药前、给药即刻和药后 5、 15、 30、 60、 120、 180min, N-ST、 ∑ - ST, 冠状静脉窦及动脉血氧含量以及心梗范围等数据。
2.3观测指标:
心外膜电图: N- ST和∑ -ST的变化
心肌梗塞范围测定 (N-BT染色法): 动物处死后, 立即取下心脏, 生理盐 水冲冼, 用滤纸吸去水分, 在结扎线以下, 从心尖起平行切成等厚 4片, 置于 硝基四氮唑蓝染液中, 常温避光 2分钟,用多媒体彩色病理图像分析系统测量 每个切片的面积、 心肌梗塞面 f只(N- BT非染色区), 计算心室肌总面积、 心室 肌梗塞总面积, 计算心肌梗塞面积 /心室面积 (%)。 2. 4统计学处理
采用 SPSS10. 0进行统计处理, 数据以 ± 表示。
3实验结果
3. 1 预实验 MPD对大鼠心肌梗塞范围的影响
如表 1、 图 1示: 模型对照组心肌梗塞范围达心室的 41. 20± 12. 25 (%), 表明造模成功; MPD组心肌梗塞范围达心室的 33. 4±8. 09 (%), 与模型对照组 比较有显著性差异。 表 1 预实验对大鼠心肌梗塞范围的影响 ( 土
心肌梗塞面积 /心室面积 分 组 例 数 剂 量 (/kg)
(%)
模型对照组 10 3ml 41. 20± 12. 25
MPD组 10 40mg 33. 40+8. 09**
Figure imgf000012_0001
3. 2重复实验 MPD对大鼠心肌梗塞范围的影响
如表 2、 图 2所示: 模型对,照组心肌梗塞范围达心室的 40. 99±6. 64 (%), 表明造模成功; 地奥心血康组心肌梗塞范围为心室的 27. 24± 10. 24 (%); MPD 组心肌梗塞范围减小, 与模型对照组相比, 高剂量组(30. 62±9. 46%)有极显 著性差异,中剂量组(32. 32±6. 92%)有显著性差异,低剂量组(37. 89±8. 41%) 有减小趋势, 但无统计学意义。
表 2重复实验对大鼠心肌梗塞范围的影响 ( ± ^ )
分 组 例 数 剂量 (/kg) 心肌梗塞面积 /心室面积 (%) 模型对照组 10 3ml 40.99 ±6.64 地奥心血康组 10 40mg 27.24±10.24**
MPD高剂量组 10 80mg 30.62 ±9.46**
MPD中剂量组 10 40mg 32.32 ±6.92*
MPD低剂量组 10 20mg 37.89±8.41
注: 与模型对照组比较 * P<0.05 ** P<0.01 ― —— ― ―
3.3 MPD对犬心肌梗塞范围的影响
如表 3、图 3所示:模型对照组心肌梗塞范围梗塞区 /心脏为 6.45 ±1.03 (%)、 梗塞区 /心室 16.21±1.00(%), MPD 组心肌梗塞范围梗塞区 /心脏 2.74士
0.33(%)、 梗塞区 /心室 7.30±0.97(%), 两组比较有显著差异。 盐酸地尔硫草 组较模型对照组亦有明显差异。
表 3对犬心肌梗塞范围的影响 ( ±SD) 分 组 例 数 剂量 (/kg) 梗塞区 /心脏 (%) 梗塞区 /心室 (%) 模型对照组 2 1ml 6.45±1·03 16.21±1.00 盐酸地尔硫草组 2 0.5mg 1.81±0.79** 4.36±1.15**
MPD组 2 20rag 2.74±0.33** 7.30 ±0.97** 注: 与模型对照组比较 ** Ρ< 3.4 MPD对犬心外膜电图的影响
如图 4、 5示: MPD组对 N- ST的影响与对照组比较未见明显变化。 但两治 疗组∑ -ST均有减少, 与对照组比较有显著性差异。 3.5 MPD对犬冠脉流量及心肌耗氧量的影响
如图 6、 7示: MPD组对冠脉流量及心肌耗氧量未见明显影响, 与对照组比 较无明显差异。 4讨 论
地奥心血康有扩张冠脉血管, 改善心肌缺血的作用, 常用于治疗冠心病, 为本实验的阳性对照药。 MPD属皂苷类化合物, 两次实验的结果表明: MPD对 冠状动脉结扎大鼠心肌梗塞有改善作用, MPD 高剂量组心梗范围减小, 较模 型对照组有极显著性差异, 中剂量组有显著' 差异, 低剂量组则有下降趋势。 高、 中、低剂量组对于心肌梗塞范围的影响有量效趋势。 实验还表明: 地奥心 血康组对大鼠心肌梗塞亦有改善作用,两药比较未见显著性差异。犬心肌梗塞 实验也表明: MPD静脉给药有明确治疗心肌梗塞作用。 实施例 4: 体皂苷类化合物 PPD对大鼠意性心肌梗塞的影响:
目的: 研究 PPD对急性心肌梗塞的治疗作用。 方法: 采用结扎冠脉造成急 性心肌梗塞模型, 观察 PPD对大鼠心肌梗塞范围的影响。 结果: PPD、 MPD对 心肌梗塞范围有明显的影响。 结论: MPD、 PP 可^^、实验大鼠心肌梗塞范围
(P<0. 05) , MPD略优于 PPD。
1 实验材料
1. 1 实验动物
Wistar大鼠, 雄性, 体重(170±20g), 由北京市通利实验动物养殖厂提 供 [京物许字 (2000)第 010号]。
1. 2药物与试剂
MPD、 PPD: 深圳中药与天然药物研究中心姚新生院士提供。
0. 9%氯化钠注射液: 北京双鹤药业股份有 P艮公司提供, 批号: 030208612。 硝基四氮唑蓝 (N- BT): 购自解放军军事医学科学院药材供应站, 批号-
971120。
1. 3主要仪器
电动呼吸机 (SC- 3型, 上海); 多媒体彩色病理图像分析系统, MPIAS- 500 型。 2实验方法
2. 1 心肌梗塞模型造模型方法
3. 5%水合氯醛按101111/1¾体重将大鼠麻醉, 換呼吸机, 备皮, 打开胸腔, 分开心包膜, 暴露心脏, 结扎冠状动脉左前降支†艮部。
2. 2分组
2. 2. 1 实验一:将 12只大鼠随机分为模型对照组(灌服生理盐水 5ml/kg) 和 PPD组(灌胃给药 40mg/5ml/kg)。 结扎后给药 1次, 24小时后处死动物, 观测结果。
2. 2. 2实验二(重复实验): 将 24只大鼠随机分为模型对照组(灌服生理 盐水 5ml/kg)、 MPD、 PPD组 (灌胃给药 40mg/5ml/kg) o 结扎后给药 1次, 24 小时后处死动物, 观测结果。
2. 3观测指标:
心肌梗塞范围测定(N- BT染色法): 动物处死后, 立即取下心脏, 生理盐 水冲冼, 用滤纸吸去水分, 在结扎线以下, 从心尖起平行切成等厚 5片, 置于 硝基四氮唑蓝染液中,常温避光 2分钟,用多媒体彩色病理图像分析系统测量 每个切片的面积、 心肌梗塞面积(N- BT非染色区), 计算心室肌总面积、 心室 肌梗塞总面积, 计算心肌梗塞面积 /心脏总面积 (%)。
2. 4统计学处理
采用 SPSS10. 0进行统计处理, 数据以 ± 表示。
3实验结果
3. 1 实验一: PPD对大鼠心肌梗塞范围的影响
如表 1所示: 模型对照组心肌梗塞范围达心室的 2. 48± 3. 88 (%), 表明 造模成功, PPD组心肌梗塞范围为心室的 36. 25±7. 20 (%), 二者与模型对照 组相比, 有显著性差异 (P<0. 05) 表 1 MPD、 SPR和 PPD对大鼠心肌梗塞范围的影响 ( ± ) 分 组 例 数 剂量 (/kg) 心肌梗塞面积 /心室面积 (%) 模型对照组 6 5ml 42. 48 ±3. 88
PPD组 6 40mg 36. 25 ±7. 20* 注: 与模型对照组比较 * P<0. 05 3. 1 实验二 MPD、 PPD对大鼠心肌梗塞范围的影响 (重复实验)
如表 2所示,重复实验中可以看出, MPD、 PPD皆可明显减少心肌梗塞范围, 其中以 MPD有更明显的减少心肌梗塞面积作用, 术中死亡率更低。
表 2 MPD、 PPD对大鼠心肌梗塞范围的影响 ( 土 )
分 组 例数 剂 量 (/kg) 梗塞面积 /全心面积 (%) 术中死亡率 模型对照组 9 5ml 41. 06+4. 98 55. 6% (5/9)
MPD组 8 40mg 33. 71 ±6. 73** 0% (0/8)
PPD组 7 40rag 36. 31 ± 1. 90* 14. 3% ( 1/7) 注: 与模型对照组比较 * P〈0. 05 ** P<0. 01
4结 论
实验一结果表明: PPD对大鼠心肌梗塞有改善作用, 较模型对照组有显著 性差异。为进一步验证实验结果,进行了实验二,并增加了 MPD组。结果表明: MPD和 PPD灌胃给药皆可使心肌梗塞范围减小, 较模型对照组有显著性差异; MPD略优于 PPD。
实施例 5: 甾体皂苷类化合物 MPD、 PPD不同比例组成的混合物对大鼠急 性心肌梗塞的影响
目的: 研究 MPD与 PPD合用对急性心肌梗塞的协同治疗作用。 方法: 采用 结扎冠脉造成急性心肌梗塞模型, 观察 MPD、 PPD按一定配比合用后对大鼠心 肌梗塞范围的影响。 结果: MPD、 PPD合用较单用对心肌梗塞有更好的作用。 结论: MPD、 PPD合用有协同作用。
1 实验材料
1. 1 实验动物
Wistar大鼠, 雄性, 体重(170±20g), 由北京市通芣 J实验动物养殖厂提 供 [京物许字 (2000)第 010号]。
1. 2药物与试剂
MPD、 PPD: 深圳中药与天然药物研究中心姚新生院士提供, MPD+PPD合 用两者的比例为 1: 1
0. 9%氯化钠注射液: 北京双鹤药业股份有限公司提供, ¾k号: 030208612。 硝基四氮唑蓝 (N- BT): 购自解放军军事医学科学院药材供应站, 批号:
971120。
1. 3主要仪器
电动呼吸机 (SC-3型, 上海), 多媒体彩色病理图像分析系统, MPIAS-500 型。
2实验方法
2. 1 心肌梗塞模型造模型方法
3. 5%水合氯醛按101111/1¾体重将大鼠麻醉, 接呼吸机, 备皮, 打开胸腔, 分开心包膜, 暴露心脏, 结扎冠状动脉左前降支根部。
2. 2分组
将 33只大鼠随机分为模型对照组(灌服生理盐水 5ml/kg)和 MPD、 PPD组 和 MPD+PPD组(灌胃给药 40mg/5ml/kg;)。 结扎后给药 1次, 24小时后处死动 物, 观测结果。 2.3观测指标
心肌梗塞范围测定 (N- BT染色法): 动物处死后, 立 SP取下心脏, 生理盐 水冲冼, 用滤纸吸去水分, 在结扎线以下, 从心尖起平行切成等厚 5片, 置于 硝基四氮唑蓝染液中,常温避光 2分钟,用多媒体彩色病理图像分析系统测量 每个切片的面积、 心肌梗塞面积(N-BT非染色区), 计算 、室肌总面积、 心室 肌梗塞总面积, 计算心肌梗塞面积 /心脏总面积 (%)。 2.4统计学处理
采用 SPSS10.0进行统计处理, 数据以 土 表示。 3实验结果
如表 1、 图 1所示: 模型对照组心肌梗塞范围达心室的 41.06±1.66 (%), 表明造模成功; MPD组心肌梗塞范围为心室的 36.24±3.74 (%), PPD组心肌 梗塞范围为心室的 36.31±1.90 (%), 二者与模型对照组相比, 有显著性差异 (Ρ<0.05), 其中又以 MPD+PPD为最好。
表 1 PPD、 MPD合用对大鼠心肌梗塞范围的影响 ( ΐ士 S)
组 别 动物数 剂量 (/kg) 梗塞面积 (%)
模型对照组 9 5ml 41.06t4.98
MPD组 8 40mg 36.24 ±3.74*
PPD组 7 40mg 36.31 ±1.90*
MPD+PPD 9 40mg 32.74 ±4.90*
注: 与模型对照组比较 * P〈0.05 4结 论
MPD, PPD单用及合用皆有明显的治疗实验性大鼠心肌梗塞的作用,两者按 一定比例合用后可产生协同作用, 在同等剂量下能达到更好的治疗作用。

Claims

权 利 要
Figure imgf000019_0001
所述化学式中- 为0"0-葡萄餹;
为直链糖链或支链糖链,其糖链组成糖的类型可以是 β-D-葡萄糖、 a-D- 葡萄糖、 a-L-鼠李糖、 β-D-半乳糖、 a-D-半乳糖、 β-D-甘露糖、 a-D-甘露糖、 β-D-阿拉伯糖、 a-D-阿拉伯糖、 β-D-木糖、 a-D-木糖、 β-D-核糖、 a-D-核糖、 β-D-来苏糖、 a-D-来苏糖、 a-D-夫糖以及上述各个六碳醛糖相对应的 6-去氧糖 及 2, 6-二去氧糖;
为11或 CH3
2、 一种甾体^ Γ苷类化合物, 其特征在于, 它具有如" F化学式:
Figure imgf000019_0002
所述化学式中-
1^为3-0-葡萄糖;
R2为直链糖链或支链糖链,其糖链组成糖的类型可以是 β-D-葡萄糖、 a-D- 葡萄糖、 0C-L-鼠李糖、 β-D-半乳糖、 a-D-半乳糖、 β-D-甘露糖、 a-D-甘露糖、 β-D-阿拉伯糖、 a-D-阿拉伯糖、 β-D-木糖、 a-D-木糖、 β-D-核糖、 a-D-核糖、 β-D-来苏糖、 oc-D-来苏糖、 oc-D-夫糖以及上述各个六碳醛糖相对应的 6-去氧糖 及 2, 6-二去氧糖。
3、 根据权利要求 1或 2所述的甾体皂苷类化合物, 其特征在于, 所述化 学式中:
Figure imgf000020_0001
4、 一种制备具有权利要求 1所述化学式的 体皂苷类化合物的方法, 其 特征在于, 包括以下步骤:
取薯蓣属植物穿龙薯蓣(Discorea nipponica) 的新鲜根茎 , 用 80%的 乙醇加热回流提取, 浓缩提取液, 所得提取物混悬于水中, 得到水溶解部分和 水不溶解部分;
将所述水溶解部分通过 D101大孔吸附树脂柱, 先用水洗脱, 然后分别用 10%、 50%及 95%乙醇洗脱;
用 50%乙醇洗脱液蒸发浓縮后, 再经硅胶柱层析 (200-300目), 以氯仿- 甲醇-水(8: 2. 5: 0. 01)至甲醇梯度洗脱,洗脱液减压回收,对合并馏分 46~50 所析出的结晶并进行重结晶, 即可得到所需化合物 MPD。
5、 一种制备具有权利要求 2所述化学式的甾体皂苷类化合物的方法, 其 特征在于, 包括以下步骤- 取薯蓣属植物福州薯蓣(Discorea futschauensis ) 的根茎, 用 75%乙醇 加热回流提取, 浓缩提取液, 所得提取物混悬于 3000ml水中; 用等体积的水饱和正丁醇萃取两次,萃取液蒸发浓缩后,再经硅胶柱层析 (200-300目), 以氯仿 -甲醇 -水(8: 2: 0. 1 ) 至甲醇梯度洗脱; 洗脱液减压回收, 合并馏分 8~17,再通过 ODS柱层析, 以甲醇 -水 ( 1: 1 ; 65: 35; 80: 20)梯度洗脱, 收集 65%甲醇洗脱部分, 经 Rp- 18高效液相制备 (70%甲醇), 收集 40分钟左右出现的色谱峰,减压干燥, 即可得到所需化合物
6、 具有权利要求 1或 2所述化学式的甾体皂苷类化合物的应用, 其特征 在于,用所述化合物制成相应的制剂,可用于防治心肌梗塞、冠心病、心绞痛、 心率不齐、 心肌缺血、 高血压、 高血脂、 血液粘稠等多种心血管疾病。
7、 具有权利要求 1和 2所述化学式的留体皂苷类化合物的应用, 其特征 在于,利用所述两种化合物, 按适当的比例制成相应的制剂, 可用于防治心肌 梗塞、冠心病、 心绞痛、 心率不齐、 心肌缺血、 高血压、 高血脂、 血液粘稠等 多种心血管疾病。
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