WO2005092082A1 - 単子葉植物の種子の形質転換法 - Google Patents
単子葉植物の種子の形質転換法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2005092082A1 WO2005092082A1 PCT/JP2005/005592 JP2005005592W WO2005092082A1 WO 2005092082 A1 WO2005092082 A1 WO 2005092082A1 JP 2005005592 W JP2005005592 W JP 2005005592W WO 2005092082 A1 WO2005092082 A1 WO 2005092082A1
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- agrobacterium
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- seed
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
- C12N15/00—Mutation or genetic engineering; DNA or RNA concerning genetic engineering, vectors, e.g. plasmids, or their isolation, preparation or purification; Use of hosts therefor
- C12N15/09—Recombinant DNA-technology
- C12N15/63—Introduction of foreign genetic material using vectors; Vectors; Use of hosts therefor; Regulation of expression
- C12N15/79—Vectors or expression systems specially adapted for eukaryotic hosts
- C12N15/82—Vectors or expression systems specially adapted for eukaryotic hosts for plant cells, e.g. plant artificial chromosomes (PACs)
- C12N15/8201—Methods for introducing genetic material into plant cells, e.g. DNA, RNA, stable or transient incorporation, tissue culture methods adapted for transformation
- C12N15/8202—Methods for introducing genetic material into plant cells, e.g. DNA, RNA, stable or transient incorporation, tissue culture methods adapted for transformation by biological means, e.g. cell mediated or natural vector
- C12N15/8205—Agrobacterium mediated transformation
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for transforming monocotyledonous seeds via agrobacterium.
- One of the means for improving a plant is a "transformation method", in which a desired recombinant gene for modifying a trait is introduced into a plant. Efficient and rapid transformation methods are crucial in the molecular breeding of useful plants, especially cereals, which are staple foods.
- Examples of the direct transformation method include, for example, the elect-portion method [Non-patent Documents 1 and 2], the particle gun method [Non-patent Document 3], and the polyethylene glycol (PEG) method [Non-patent Document 4]. Is mentioned.
- the electoral poration method and the particle gun method have been generally used for transforming monocotyledonous plants as a method capable of relatively efficiently introducing genes.
- Examples of the indirect transformation method include an Agrobacterium-mediated transformation method (hereinafter, may be referred to as an Agrobacterium transformation method).
- Agrobacterium is a type of plant pathogenic bacteria. When infected with a plant, Agrobacterium has the property of incorporating a T DNA region present on its own plasmid (eg, Ti plasmid or Ri plasmid) into the plant.
- a T DNA region present on its own plasmid (eg, Ti plasmid or Ri plasmid) into the plant.
- Agrobacterium transformation method integration of this T DNA region into a plant is used as a means for introducing a gene into a plant. Briefly, plants are infected with an agrobacterium containing the desired recombinant gene. After infection, the desired recombinant gene is transferred from the Agrobacterium territory into plant cells and Incorporated in Nom.
- the Agrobacterium transformation method has been well established for dicotyledonous plants, and a number of stable transformed plants expressing the desired recombinant gene have been produced to date. .
- Patent No. 2649287 discloses a method of transforming rice and maize into Agrobacterium territory [Patent Document 1]. This method requires the use of a decultured cultured tissue (for example, callus) as a plant sample for transformation with an agrobacterium. Therefore, prior to infection with agrobacterium, dedifferentiation usually takes 3-4 weeks to produce dedifferentiated tissue from the plant sample to be transformed (eg, leaf sections). Requires an induction period.
- a decultured cultured tissue for example, callus
- the method for transforming monocotyledonous plants disclosed in Japanese Patent No. 3141084 is a method using germinated seeds that have been germinated by preculture for four to five days after sowing in a medium containing 2,4D. Reference 2].
- the transformation method disclosed in Patent Document 2 is an excellent method in that the transformation of monocotyledonous plants can be performed in a shorter time than the transformation method described in Patent Document 1, but still, It was thought that pre-culture for about four to five days was essential before infection with Agrobacterium.
- Patent Document 1 Patent No. 2649287
- Patent Document 2 Patent No. 3141084
- Non-Patent Document l Shimamoto K. et al., Nature, 338: 274-276, 1989
- Non-Patent Document 2 Rhodes C.A. et al., Science, 240: 204-207, 1989
- Non-patent document 3 Christou P. et al., Bio / Technology 9: 957-962, 1991
- Non-patent document 4 Datta, SK et al., Bio / Technology ⁇ 8: 736-740, 1990
- Non-patent document 5 Portrykus et al., BIOZTECHNOLOGY , 535-542, 1990
- Non-Patent Document 6 Raineri, DM, et al., BioZTechnology, 8: 33-38, 1990.
- the present invention is intended to solve the above problems.
- An object of the present invention is to provide an improved method for transforming monocotyledonous plants into Agrobacterium, and to provide a faster transformation method than conventional methods. According to the method of the present invention, it is possible to produce a transformed sickle much more efficiently and more rapidly than the conventional Agrobacterium transformation method.
- the present inventors are able to transform monocotyledonous seeds cultured for 13 days in the presence of plant growth factors via agrobacterium.
- the inventors have completed the present invention by finding out.
- the present invention provides the following.
- a method for transforming a monocotyledonous plant comprising the step of infecting a monocotyledonous plant seed with an Agrobacterium containing a desired recombinant gene, wherein the seed is a medium containing a plant growth factor. Germinated seeds germinated by preculture for 1 to 3 days after sowing.
- the present invention relates to a method for transforming a monocotyledonous plant, which comprises a step of infecting an intact seed with an agrobacterium containing a desired recombinant gene.
- the seed is infected in an intact state and no treatment is required, such as preparing callus of the plant sample to be transformed!
- the seed that is subjected to infection with Agrobacterium may be a seed on day 13 after sowing. Also, at the time of infection, the seed may be in a germinated state.
- the monocotyledon to be transformed is preferably a gramineous plant, and more preferably a rice (Oryza sativa L.). Rice can be either Indy or Japonica.
- an improved method for transforming monocotyledonous plants via agrobacterium In the method of the present invention, intact seeds of a plant intended to be transformed are infected with an agrobacterium containing the desired recombinant gene.
- the use of the present invention makes it possible to produce a transformant more efficiently and more quickly.
- FIG. 1 shows the binary vector used in Example 1 of the present invention.
- FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing the structure of PCAMBIA1390-sGFP.
- FIG. 2 is a photograph showing a transformant obtained as a result of performing transformation using intact seeds that have been pre-cultured for one day. (Upper: 7 days of selection, Middle: 14 days of selection, Lower: 14 days of regeneration)
- FIG. 3 is a photograph showing a transformant obtained as a result of performing transformation using intact seeds that had been pre-cultured for 2 days. (Upper: 7 days of selection, Middle: 14 days of selection, Lower: 14 days of regeneration)
- Fig. 4 is a photograph showing a transformant obtained as a result of performing transformation using intact seeds that have been pre-cultured for 3 days. (Upper: 7 days of selection, Middle: 14 days of selection, Lower : Regeneration day 20)
- FIGS. 5A and 5B show the relationship between the pre-culture days and the GFP-expressing tissue appearance rate (GFP expression rate in the figure) on day 6 (FIG. 5A) and day 13 (FIG. 5B) of selection.
- 4 is a graph summarizing the relationship between the number of days of preculture and the appearance rate of a tissue that can grow in the presence of a drug (growth rate in the figure).
- FIG. 5C is a graph summarizing the relationship between the number of days of preculture and the rate at which regenerated plants are obtained.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a probe used for Southern hybridization.
- plant growth factor refers to a factor that promotes the growth of plant cells.
- Plant growth factors include, but are not limited to, auxins, gibberellins, cytokinins, and other plant hormones.
- auxins include, but are not limited to, 2,4D, indoleacetic acid (IAA).
- a "plant” to which the method of the present invention is applied is a monocotyledonous plant.
- Preferred monocotyledonous plants include grasses (eg, rice and corn).
- the most preferred plant to which the method of the present invention is applied is rice, especially japonica rice.
- Plant means a plant and a seed obtained from the plant, unless otherwise specified.
- an appropriate plant expression vector containing the desired recombinant gene is constructed.
- a plant expression vector is used in the art. Can be produced using gene recombination techniques well known to those skilled in the art.
- a pBI or pPZP vector is used to construct a plant expression vector for use in the Agrobacterium transformation method.
- Preferably used force is not limited to these.
- a desired recombinant gene refers to any polynucleotide desired to be introduced into a plant.
- the desired recombinant gene in the present invention is not limited to one isolated from nature, and may include a synthetic polynucleotide.
- the synthetic polynucleotide can be obtained, for example, by synthesizing or modifying a gene having a known sequence by a method well known to those skilled in the art.
- the desired recombinant gene in the present invention includes, for example, any polynucleotide which is desired to be expressed in a transformed plant and which is endogenous or exogenous to the plant, When regulation of gene expression is desired, a polynucleotide containing an antisense sequence of the target gene can be used.
- the desired recombinant gene may include its own promoter (ie, a promoter to which the gene is operably linked in nature) in an operable manner, Alternatively, when it does not contain its own promoter or when it is desired to further contain a promoter other than its own promoter, it is operably linked to any appropriate promoter. Promoters that can be used include constitutive promoters, and promoters that are selectively expressed in parts of plants, as well as inducible promoters.
- regulatory elements can be further ligated in an operable state in host plant cells.
- the regulatory elements may suitably include a selectable marker gene, a plant promoter, a terminator, and an enhancer. It is well known to those skilled in the art that the type of plant expression vector and the type of regulatory element used can vary depending on the purpose of transformation.
- the "selection marker gene” can be used to facilitate selection of a transformed plant.
- the hygromycin phosphotransferase (HPT) gene for conferring hygromycin resistance, the neomycin phosphotransferase II (NPTII) gene for conferring kanamycin resistance, and the bialaphos gene for conferring bialaphos resistance The power at which a drug-resistant gene such as a phosphinothricin acetyltransferase (PAT) gene can be suitably used.
- PAT phosphinothricin acetyltransferase
- the present invention is not limited thereto.
- Plant promoter refers to a plant-expressed promoter operably linked to a selectable marker gene.
- Examples of such promoters include, but are not limited to, the cauliflower mosaic virus (CaMV) 35S promoter and the promoter of the nopaline synthase.
- Terminator 1 is a sequence that is located downstream of a region encoding a protein of a gene and is involved in termination of transcription when DNA is transcribed into mRNA and addition of a poly A sequence.
- Examples of terminators include, but are not limited to, CaMV35S terminator and terminator of the nopaline synthase gene (Tnos).
- Ennon-sense can be used to enhance the expression efficiency of the target gene.
- an enhancer region containing an upstream sequence in the CaMV35S promoter is preferable.
- a plurality of genes can be used per one plant expression vector.
- the Agrobacterium used for the transformation of monocotyledonous plants can be any bacteria belonging to the genus Agrobacterium, preferably Agrobacterium tumefaciens.
- the Agrobacterium is transformed (eg, by electroporation) with a plant expression vector containing the desired recombinant gene.
- the desired recombinant gene can be introduced into a plant by infecting a seed with the transformed agrobacterium.
- the introduced recombinant gene is integrated into the genome of the plant.
- the genome in plants includes not only nuclear chromosomes but also genomes contained in various organelles (eg, mitochondria, chloroplasts, etc.) in plant cells.
- the seed of the plant intended for transformation is pre-cultured in an intact state after removing the chaff.
- "Intact" with respect to seeds means that the seeds have been subjected to artificial manipulations such as removing ovules and damaging the scutellum!
- the seeds are seeded on a medium (for example, N6D medium) containing an appropriate concentration of auxin (for example, 2,4D), typically 1 to 3 times a day. It can be kept warm for days. this The temperature at that time is typically 25-35 ° C, preferably 27-32 ° C.
- a medium for example, N6D medium
- auxin for example, 2,4D
- the seeds are sterilized and then washed thoroughly with water. The seed can then be infected with the transformed agrobacterium under aseptic manipulation.
- seeds are incubated in the dark, typically for 2 to 15 days, preferably 3 days.
- the temperature at this time is typically 26 to 28 ° C, preferably 28 ° C.
- a suitable disinfectant eg, carbecillin, claforan
- Transformed seeds are selected on the basis of a selection marker (eg, drug resistance such as hygromycin resistance).
- the selected transformed seeds are transferred to a regeneration medium (eg, MS medium) containing an appropriate plant regulator, and stored for an appropriate period. Can be warmed.
- a regeneration medium eg, MS medium
- the redifferentiated transformant is transferred to a rooting medium (for example, an MS medium without a plant regulator). After root development has been confirmed, the transformants can be potted.
- the desired recombinant gene introduced into the plant acts for an intended purpose in the plant (for example, expression of a new trait of interest or control of expression of a certain endogenous gene). obtain.
- Whether or not the desired recombinant gene has been introduced into the plant can be confirmed using a method well known to those skilled in the art.
- This confirmation can be performed using, for example, Northern plot analysis. Specifically, extract the total RNA from the leaf force of the regenerated plant, perform electrophoresis on denatured agarose, and plot on an appropriate membrane. By hybridizing a labeled RNA probe complementary to a part of the transgene on this plot, the mRNA of the gene of interest can be detected.
- the expression of the target endogenous gene can be tested using, for example, the Northern blot analysis described above.
- the expression of the target endogenous gene is significantly suppressed compared to its expression in a non-transformed control plant, it was confirmed that the desired recombinant gene was introduced into the plant and acted on the control of the expression Is done.
- Conventional methods usually require a 3-4 week induction period of dedifferentiation prior to infection with Agrobacterium.
- the method of the present invention does not require a step of inducing dedifferentiation, so that the number of days required to produce a transformed monocotyledonous plant can be reduced.
- the time required for selection in the conventional method can be shortened, and the influence of culture mutation can be reduced.
- the number of days required to produce a transformed monocotyledonous plant is about 32 days, and a conventional method for transforming agrobacterium (for example, , See Example 2 below), which is about one third of the number of days required (about 90 days).
- a transformation efficiency of 10 to 15% is obtained.
- Other rice varieties, such as Dotonkoi and Kitake, can achieve the same high transformation efficiency. Therefore, by using the method of the present invention, it is possible to produce a transformed plant more efficiently and more quickly than the conventional transformation method.
- Transformation was performed using the japonica variety Nipponbare as a material by the following method.
- the cells were sterilized with 70% ethanol for 30 seconds and subsequently with 2.5% sodium hypochlorite solution for 20 minutes, and then washed with sterilized water.
- the hygromycin resistance gene, a marker gene for selecting transformed cells, and the GFP (Green Fluorescent Protein) gene, a reporter of transformed cells, are Agrobacterium tumefaciens EHA105 was transformed with the binary vector pCAMBIA1390-sGFP (FIG. 1) on the DNA and used for experiments.
- N6D medium containing 2,4-D (Toki, Plant Molecular Biology Report, 15 (1) (1997)) and pre-cultured at 30 ° C under light conditions for 13 days. It was subjected to infection with red grove batterery.
- the composition of the N6D medium is as follows: Claus, 0. 3gZl casamino acid, 2. 8gZl proline, 2mg / l 2, 4- D , 4gZl Gerurai Bok, ⁇ 5. 8 0
- Rice seeds pre-cultured for 15 days as described above were directly immersed in a liquid of Agrobacterium territory, and then cultured in 2-6-AS medium (Hiei et al., The Plant Journal (1994) 6 (2), 271-282). ) And co-cultured at 28 ° C in the dark.
- the composition of the 2N6-AS medium is as follows: N6 inorganic salts and vitamins (Chu CC 1978; Proc. Symp. Plant Tissue Culture, Science Press Peking, pp. 43-50), lgZl casamino acid, 2mg / 1 2, 4-D, 30gZnyo sugar, 2gZl gellite, acetosyringone 20mgZml). Similar results were obtained when using acetociringone at a concentration of 10 to 40 mgZml.
- the seed power of the pre-cultured agrobacterium using N6D liquid medium containing 500 mg Zl carbecillin was also washed and flown.
- the transformed seeds were placed on an N6D medium (selection medium) containing 50 mg Z redigromycin and 500 mg Zl carbesilin as a drug.
- the appearance of transformed cells on the selection medium was evaluated using the appearance and growth of callus after implantation and the expression of the reporter gene GFP as indices.
- the composition of the regeneration medium is as follows: (MS medium supplemented with carbe-siline (500 mg ZD and hygromycin (50 mg ZD) (30 g Loose, 30gZl sorbitol, 2gZl casamino acid, 2mgZl strength ricetin, 0.02mg / l NAA, 4gZl gellite, ⁇ 5.7) o
- the redifferentiated transformant was transferred to a rooting medium (hygromycin (MS medium supplemented with 25 mg ZD and containing no holmon)), root growth was confirmed, and the potted plants were lifted. Southern analysis used)
- Genomic DNA is extracted from the leaves of the obtained regenerated and non-transformed plants, digested with EcoRI, and mixed with the Xmnl probe (1.4 kb) and the sGFP probe (1.4 kb) shown in Fig. 6. Southern plots were performed using the prepared labeled probes. Southern plots were performed according to the 'hanging' method (Molecular Cloning, A Laboratory Manual, Second Edition, Maniatis et al., Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, 1989). The results indicated that the plasmid DNA was inserted into the chromosome.
- FIG. 5A shows the results of Example 1 in which the relationship between the number of days of preculture and the appearance rate of GFP-expressing tissues and the relationship between the number of days of preculture and the appearance rate of tissues that can grow in the presence of a drug are summarized.
- B From the results in Fig. 5, even in preculture for 1 day, GFP-expressing tissues and tissues that can grow in the presence of the drug appear, but the appearance rate increases as the number of days of preculture increases It was shown.
- FIG. 5C shows the result of a summary of the relationship between the number of days of preculture and the rate at which a regenerated plant body is obtained.
- the results in FIG. 5 show that even after 1-day preculture, regenerated plants can be obtained, but the appearance ratio increases as the number of days of preculture increases.
Abstract
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Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US10/594,130 US7544858B2 (en) | 2004-03-25 | 2005-03-25 | Method of transforming monocotyledonous seed |
EP05721519A EP1728418A4 (en) | 2004-03-25 | 2005-03-25 | PROCESS FOR THE TRANSFORMATION OF MONOCOTYLEDONE SEEDS |
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JP2004090639 | 2004-03-25 | ||
JP2004-090639 | 2004-03-25 |
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US (1) | US7544858B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1728418A4 (ja) |
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Citations (2)
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WO2001006844A1 (fr) * | 1999-07-22 | 2001-02-01 | Japan As Represented By Director General Of National Institute Of Agrobiological Resources Ministry Of Agriculture, Forestry And Fisheries | Procede de transformation ultrarapide de monocotyledon |
JP3141084B2 (ja) * | 1999-07-21 | 2001-03-05 | 農林水産省農業生物資源研究所長 | 単子葉植物の超迅速形質転換法 |
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AU687863B2 (en) * | 1993-09-03 | 1998-03-05 | Japan Tobacco Inc. | Method of transforming monocotyledon by using scutellum of immature embryo |
JPH10117776A (ja) * | 1996-10-22 | 1998-05-12 | Japan Tobacco Inc | インディカイネの形質転換方法 |
US6426112B1 (en) * | 1999-07-23 | 2002-07-30 | University Of Kentucky Research Foundation | Soy products having improved odor and flavor and methods related thereto |
AUPR143100A0 (en) * | 2000-11-10 | 2000-12-07 | Bureau Of Sugar Experiment Stations | Plant transformation |
US8519227B2 (en) | 2002-03-12 | 2013-08-27 | Hiroshi Tanaka | Ultra-fast transformation technique for monocotyledons |
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2005
- 2005-03-25 EP EP05721519A patent/EP1728418A4/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2005-03-25 WO PCT/JP2005/005592 patent/WO2005092082A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2005-03-25 US US10/594,130 patent/US7544858B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2005-03-25 JP JP2006511539A patent/JPWO2005092082A1/ja active Pending
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JP3141084B2 (ja) * | 1999-07-21 | 2001-03-05 | 農林水産省農業生物資源研究所長 | 単子葉植物の超迅速形質転換法 |
WO2001006844A1 (fr) * | 1999-07-22 | 2001-02-01 | Japan As Represented By Director General Of National Institute Of Agrobiological Resources Ministry Of Agriculture, Forestry And Fisheries | Procede de transformation ultrarapide de monocotyledon |
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JP2011152138A (ja) | 2011-08-11 |
EP1728418A4 (en) | 2008-06-25 |
US20070256188A1 (en) | 2007-11-01 |
JPWO2005092082A1 (ja) | 2008-02-07 |
US7544858B2 (en) | 2009-06-09 |
EP1728418A1 (en) | 2006-12-06 |
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