WO2005090885A1 - Procede de liquefaction d'un courant riche en hydrocarbures - Google Patents

Procede de liquefaction d'un courant riche en hydrocarbures Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2005090885A1
WO2005090885A1 PCT/EP2005/002009 EP2005002009W WO2005090885A1 WO 2005090885 A1 WO2005090885 A1 WO 2005090885A1 EP 2005002009 W EP2005002009 W EP 2005002009W WO 2005090885 A1 WO2005090885 A1 WO 2005090885A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
refrigerant mixture
hydrocarbon
circuit
rich stream
liquefied
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2005/002009
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Heinz Bauer
Hubert Franke
Rainer Sapper
Marc Schier
Original Assignee
Linde Aktiengesellschaft
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Linde Aktiengesellschaft filed Critical Linde Aktiengesellschaft
Publication of WO2005090885A1 publication Critical patent/WO2005090885A1/fr
Priority to NO20064556A priority Critical patent/NO20064556L/no

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0243—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used; Details of the refrigerant compression system used
    • F25J1/0279—Compression of refrigerant or internal recycle fluid, e.g. kind of compressor, accumulator, suction drum etc.
    • F25J1/0295—Shifting of the compression load between different cooling stages within a refrigerant cycle or within a cascade refrigeration system
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/0002—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the fluid to be liquefied
    • F25J1/0022—Hydrocarbons, e.g. natural gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/003—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production
    • F25J1/0032—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration"
    • F25J1/0042—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration" by liquid expansion with extraction of work
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/003—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production
    • F25J1/0047—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using an "external" refrigerant stream in a closed vapor compression cycle
    • F25J1/0052—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using an "external" refrigerant stream in a closed vapor compression cycle by vaporising a liquid refrigerant stream
    • F25J1/0057—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using an "external" refrigerant stream in a closed vapor compression cycle by vaporising a liquid refrigerant stream after expansion of the liquid refrigerant stream with extraction of work
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0211—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using a multi-component refrigerant [MCR] fluid in a closed vapor compression cycle
    • F25J1/0214—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using a multi-component refrigerant [MCR] fluid in a closed vapor compression cycle as a dual level refrigeration cascade with at least one MCR cycle
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0243—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used; Details of the refrigerant compression system used
    • F25J1/0279—Compression of refrigerant or internal recycle fluid, e.g. kind of compressor, accumulator, suction drum etc.
    • F25J1/0281—Compression of refrigerant or internal recycle fluid, e.g. kind of compressor, accumulator, suction drum etc. characterised by the type of prime driver, e.g. hot gas expander
    • F25J1/0283—Gas turbine as the prime mechanical driver
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0243—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used; Details of the refrigerant compression system used
    • F25J1/0279—Compression of refrigerant or internal recycle fluid, e.g. kind of compressor, accumulator, suction drum etc.
    • F25J1/0285—Combination of different types of drivers mechanically coupled to the same refrigerant compressor, possibly split on multiple compressor casings
    • F25J1/0287—Combination of different types of drivers mechanically coupled to the same refrigerant compressor, possibly split on multiple compressor casings including an electrical motor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0243—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used; Details of the refrigerant compression system used
    • F25J1/0279—Compression of refrigerant or internal recycle fluid, e.g. kind of compressor, accumulator, suction drum etc.
    • F25J1/0292—Refrigerant compression by cold or cryogenic suction of the refrigerant gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2220/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for the removal of impurities
    • F25J2220/60—Separating impurities from natural gas, e.g. mercury, cyclic hydrocarbons
    • F25J2220/64—Separating heavy hydrocarbons, e.g. NGL, LPG, C4+ hydrocarbons or heavy condensates in general
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2245/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for recycling of process streams
    • F25J2245/02—Recycle of a stream in general, e.g. a by-pass stream

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for liquefying a hydrocarbon-rich stream, in particular a natural gas stream, the liquefaction of the hydrocarbon-rich stream against one of two
  • Refrigerant mixture circuits existing refrigerant mixture circuit cascade takes place, the first refrigerant mixture circuit for pre-cooling and the second refrigerant mixture circuit for the liquefaction and subcooling of the hydrocarbon-rich stream to be liquefied, and each
  • Refrigerant mixture circuit has at least one single-stage or multi-stage compressor driven by at least one gas turbine, starters which can be used during normal operation to support the gas turbines being assigned to the gas turbines.
  • pre-cooling is understood below to mean the cooling of the hydrocarbon-rich stream to be liquefied to a temperature at which the separation of heavy or higher-boiling hydrocarbons takes place.
  • the subsequent, further cooling of the hydrocarbon-rich stream to be liquefied subsequently falls under the term "liquefaction”.
  • Heavy hydrocarbons are contained in the natural gas stream to be liquefied, these are separated between the pre-cooling and the liquefaction and drawn off as a so-called NGL (atural gas liquids) fraction and possibly further processed.
  • Heavy or higher-boiling hydrocarbons are those components of the hydrocarbon-rich electricity or natural gas to be liquefied that would freeze out during the subsequent cooling and liquefaction - i.e. C + hydrocarbons and aromatics. Often, those hydrocarbons are also used - this means in particular Propane and butane - which would undesirably increase the calorific value of the liquefied natural gas, are separated before liquefaction.
  • HHC Heavy IHydrocarbon
  • the cycle compressors are usually driven by gas turbines. These in turn are usually put into operation by electric or steam-powered starters. Since such starters often have to provide a noteworthy power - 20 to 40% of the gas turbine power - during normal operation they are used as so-called helpers to support the gas turbines. Larger gas turbines are only available on the market in discrete power levels with comparatively large jumps in performance. The starter or helper performance is limited in relation to the gas turbine performance in order to avoid synchronization problems.
  • the first or pre-cooling circuit typically requires about 40 to 55% of the total energy.
  • the power requirement of the pre-cooling circuit is also often less than that of the second or liquefaction circuit.
  • This asymmetry can be compensated for by using different gas turbines.
  • the power distribution between the first and the second circuit is, for example, 40% to 60%, a gas turbine with an output of 35 MW and a starter or helper with an output of 12 MW are provided for the pre-cooling circuit, while the second circuit is a gas turbine With has a capacity of 70 MW; the latter is operated in normal operation without an activated starter or helper.
  • the investment for the starter of the second circuit is therefore idle during normal liquefaction.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a generic method for liquefying a hydrocarbon-rich stream, in which the installed power of the gas turbines and starter / helper can be fully utilized in normal operation. Furthermore, the investment and operating costs of the gas turbines and starters / helper used should be reduced or optimized.
  • the second refrigerant mixture circuit is used at least to the extent that the hydrocarbon-rich stream to be liquefied is pre-cooled so that the installed power of the gas turbines and starters can be fully utilized, at least during normal liquefaction operation.
  • the hydrocarbon-rich stream to be liquefied is fed via line a to a heat exchanger E1.
  • the hydrocarbon-rich stream to be liquefied is cooled to such an extent that the heavy or higher-boiling hydrocarbons contained therein condense and can be separated from the hydrocarbon-rich stream in the separation unit H, to which the cooled process stream is fed via line b.
  • the separated hydrocarbons are drawn off via line c and, if appropriate, used for further use.
  • the hydrocarbon-rich stream now freed of higher-boiling hydrocarbons, is fed via line d to a second heat exchanger E2 and into it liquefies and cools against the refrigerant mixture of the second refrigerant mixture circuit.
  • the liquefied and supercooled hydrocarbon-rich stream is drawn off from the heat exchanger E2 via line e, optionally expanded in a expansion turbine T1 and then immediately fed to a further use or (intermediate) storage via valve f and line g.
  • the heat exchanger E2 is designed either as a wound exchanger or as an aluminum plate exchanger; either rising or falling refrigerant evaporation can be realized.
  • the refrigerant mixture compressed in the compressor V1 is fed via line 10 to a condenser E3 and then via line 11 to the heat exchanger E1 and supercooled therein.
  • the heat exchanger E1 there is a separation into two refrigerant mixture partial flows 12 and 15.
  • the valves 13 and 16 these are expanded to different pressure levels and, after renewed passage and evaporation in the heat exchanger E1, are supplied via lines 14 and 17 to the compressor V1 at different pressure levels.
  • the compressor V1 is driven by a gas turbine G1. Not shown in the figure are the starters required for the operation of the gas turbines G1 and G2, as already explained at the beginning.
  • the compressed refrigerant mixture becomes the second
  • Refrigerant mixture circuit via line 20 first to an aftercooler E4 and then via line 21 to the heat exchanger E1.
  • a first partial stream of the cooled and liquefied mixed refrigerant stream drawn off from the heat exchanger E1 is fed via line 22 to an expansion valve 23, relaxed in this valve, then fed again to the heat exchanger E1 and evaporated therein against the hydrocarbon-rich stream to be cooled.
  • This partial refrigerant mixture stream is then fed via line 24 to an intermediate stage of the multi-stage compressor V2.
  • the above-described partial refrigerant mixture flow is therefore not used to liquefy and subcool the hydrocarbon-rich stream to be liquefied, but rather to pre-cool it.
  • the second refrigerant mixture partial stream led through the heat exchanger E1 is fed via line 25 to the heat exchanger E2, further subcooled in it, after passing through the heat exchanger E2 in the optional expansion turbine T2, and then fed via line 26 to an expansion valve 27 and expanded there. Subsequently, the second partial refrigerant mixture stream after evaporation in the heat exchanger E2 is fed via line 28 to the input stage of the circuit compressor V2.
  • the heat exchanger E2 can be designed as a wound heat exchanger or a plate exchanger. If the hydrocarbon-rich stream to be liquefied is liquefied and supercooled in a plate exchanger, the refrigerant mixture 28 of the second refrigerant mixture circuit can be vaporized in an increasing or decreasing manner, in accordance with an advantageous embodiment of the method according to the invention.
  • the aforementioned circuit compressor V2 is also driven by a gas turbine G2, to which a starter (not shown in the figure) is assigned.
  • the distribution of the two partial refrigerant mixture flows 22 and 25 is now selected such that the total power required for the operation of the gas turbines and starters G1 and G2 is divided between the gas turbines and starters of the two mixed refrigerant circuits essentially in proportion to the installed capacity of G1 and G2.
  • the installed capacity can be used entirely by different gas turbines and starters / helpers.
  • the first refrigeration circuit has a gas turbine with an output of 35 MW and a starter / helper with an output of 12 MW and the second refrigeration circuit Gas turbine with an output of 70 MW and a starter / helper with an output of 20 MW, the starter / helper of the second refrigeration circuit can now also be operated with an output of 20 MW in normal operation; its investment can now be fully used.
  • the usable proportion of the installed power increases from 117 MW to 137 MW through the method according to the invention.
  • the system output can be increased by approx. 17%.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Separation By Low-Temperature Treatments (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé de liquéfaction d'un courant riche en hydrocarbures, notamment d'un courant de gaz naturel. Selon l'invention, la liquéfaction du courant riche en hydrocarbures est effectuée contre une cascade composée de deux circuits de mélange d'agents réfrigérants, le premier circuit servant au prérefroidissement et le deuxième circuit servant à la liquéfaction et au surrefroidissement du courant riche en hydrocarbures à liquéfier, chaque circuit comportant au moins un condenseur mono- ou polyétagé entraîné par au moins une turbine à gaz. Selon l'invention, des démarreurs, pouvant être employés en fonctionnement normal pour l'assistance des turbines à gaz, sont affectés aux turbines à gaz. Par ailleurs, le deuxième circuit est employé pour le prérefroidissement (E1) du courant riche en hydrocarbures à refroidir (a) dans la mesure où la puissance des turbines à gaz (G1, G2) et des démarreurs peut être employée à capacité maximale.
PCT/EP2005/002009 2004-03-09 2005-02-25 Procede de liquefaction d'un courant riche en hydrocarbures WO2005090885A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NO20064556A NO20064556L (no) 2004-03-09 2006-10-06 Fremgangsmate for flytendegjoring av en hydrokarbonrik strom.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102004011481.1 2004-03-09
DE200410011481 DE102004011481A1 (de) 2004-03-09 2004-03-09 Verfahren zum Verflüssigen eines Kohlenwasserstoff-reichen Stromes

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2005090885A1 true WO2005090885A1 (fr) 2005-09-29

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/EP2005/002009 WO2005090885A1 (fr) 2004-03-09 2005-02-25 Procede de liquefaction d'un courant riche en hydrocarbures

Country Status (3)

Country Link
DE (1) DE102004011481A1 (fr)
NO (1) NO20064556L (fr)
WO (1) WO2005090885A1 (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2006072365A1 (fr) * 2005-01-03 2006-07-13 Linde Aktiengesellschaft Procede de liquefaction d'un courant riche en hydrocarbures
US7982802B2 (en) 2004-02-03 2011-07-19 Lg Electronics Inc. Text subtitle decoder and method for decoding text subtitle streams
US20160061517A1 (en) * 2014-08-29 2016-03-03 Black & Veatch Holding Company Dual mixed refrigerant system

Citations (6)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4057972A (en) * 1973-09-14 1977-11-15 Exxon Research & Engineering Co. Fractional condensation of an NG feed with two independent refrigeration cycles
US4094655A (en) * 1973-08-29 1978-06-13 Heinrich Krieger Arrangement for cooling fluids
US4339253A (en) * 1979-12-12 1982-07-13 Compagnie Francaise D'etudes Et De Construction "Technip" Method of and system for liquefying a gas with low boiling temperature
US4539028A (en) * 1983-05-06 1985-09-03 Compagnie Francaise D'etudes Et De Construction "Technip" Method and apparatus for cooling and liquefying at least one gas with a low boiling point, such as for example natural gas
US5611216A (en) * 1995-12-20 1997-03-18 Low; William R. Method of load distribution in a cascaded refrigeration process
WO2005028975A2 (fr) * 2003-09-23 2005-03-31 Statoil Asa Procede de liquefaction de gaz naturel

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4094655A (en) * 1973-08-29 1978-06-13 Heinrich Krieger Arrangement for cooling fluids
US4057972A (en) * 1973-09-14 1977-11-15 Exxon Research & Engineering Co. Fractional condensation of an NG feed with two independent refrigeration cycles
US4339253A (en) * 1979-12-12 1982-07-13 Compagnie Francaise D'etudes Et De Construction "Technip" Method of and system for liquefying a gas with low boiling temperature
US4539028A (en) * 1983-05-06 1985-09-03 Compagnie Francaise D'etudes Et De Construction "Technip" Method and apparatus for cooling and liquefying at least one gas with a low boiling point, such as for example natural gas
US5611216A (en) * 1995-12-20 1997-03-18 Low; William R. Method of load distribution in a cascaded refrigeration process
WO2005028975A2 (fr) * 2003-09-23 2005-03-31 Statoil Asa Procede de liquefaction de gaz naturel

Non-Patent Citations (3)

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Title
KLEINER F ET AL: "INCREASE POWER AND EFFICIENCY OF LNG REGRIGERATION COMPRESSOR DRIVERS ALL-ELECTRIC-DRIVEN PLANTS CAN OFFER MANY BENEFITS", HYDROCARBON PROCESSING, GULF PUBLISHING CO. HOUSTON, US, January 2003 (2003-01-01), pages 67 - 69, XP001147995, ISSN: 0018-8190 *
ONAKA M ET AL: "USE OF PLATE FIN HEAT EXCHANGERS FOR MAIN CRYOGENIC EXCHANGER UNITS", LNG JOURNAL, NELTON PUBLICATIONS, GRAVESEND, GB, January 1997 (1997-01-01), pages 17 - 19, XP001181040, ISSN: 1365-4314 *
PEREZ V ET AL: "THE 4.5 MMTPA LNG TRAIN-A COST EFFECTIVE DESIGN TRAIN DE GNL DE 4.5 MMTPA-UNE CONCEPTION ECONOMIQUE", INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE AND EXHIBITION ON LIQUEFIED NATURAL GAS, 4 May 1998 (1998-05-04), pages 1 - 15, XP001212640 *

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7982802B2 (en) 2004-02-03 2011-07-19 Lg Electronics Inc. Text subtitle decoder and method for decoding text subtitle streams
WO2006072365A1 (fr) * 2005-01-03 2006-07-13 Linde Aktiengesellschaft Procede de liquefaction d'un courant riche en hydrocarbures
US20160061517A1 (en) * 2014-08-29 2016-03-03 Black & Veatch Holding Company Dual mixed refrigerant system
CN107208962A (zh) * 2014-08-29 2017-09-26 博莱克威奇控股公司 双重混合制冷剂系统

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Publication number Publication date
DE102004011481A1 (de) 2005-09-29
NO20064556L (no) 2006-12-06

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