WO2005086119A1

WO2005086119A1 - Space displaying method by solid sphere photograph

Info

Publication number: WO2005086119A1
Application number: PCT/JP2004/002525
Authority: WO
Inventors: Norihisa Hashimoto
Original assignee: Norihisa Hashimoto
Priority date: 2004-03-02
Filing date: 2004-03-02
Publication date: 2005-09-15
Also published as: JPWO2005086119A1

Abstract

In order to display an entire circumferential image on the outside of a sphere, lateral 360° direction is divided by N and N photographs are pasted to the sphere after calculating each shape to be pasted from the longitudinal and lateral dimensions of an exposed film thus making a spherical photograph showing an entire circumferential image on the outside of the sphere. Photographing is performed under identical photographic conditions, e.g. exposure, aperture scale and focus, using a circumferential fisheye lens having an angle of view of 180º or above. A camera is set such that the principal point of the lens of the camera set on the tripod head of a tripod lies on the center of the tripod. Furthermore, the image of the photographs pasted onto the sphere are taken into a computer and printed by means of a thermal transfer printer. The sphere on which the photographs are pasted has a structure capable of being assembled/dissembled and the photographs are pasted removably to the sphere.

Description

Specification

Spatial display method using a spherical photograph

The present invention relates to a method of displaying a space on a sphere and displaying a omnidirectional space by displaying a photograph on the sphere. In particular, it is possible to display an omni-directional image outside the sphere. The present invention relates to a method for displaying a space by a spherical photograph, which enables a different and accurate image representation, and is capable of representing a large space such as a baseball field, a football field, and a concert hall with almost no distortion.

'' Background technology

Conventionally, as a method of recording and appreciating the entire surrounding image, there has been known a method of projecting the entire surrounding image inside a sphere such as Blanetaricum, but the display device (such as a planetarium) is extremely thick. ,

In addition, these display devices require the viewer to be inside the device, and the image is not distorted and the optimal viewing range is limited to a very small center. A: In order to entertain a large number of people, a large space is inevitably needed.

On the other hand, conventionally, as disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open Publication No. 2003-244544, a method has been proposed in which a plurality of turtles are placed on a circumference 'and an omnidirectional image is captured in an instant. I have.

:: As described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. Hei 25-6973, image information obtained by separately capturing in all directions is stored in advance, and the user inputs a desired viewpoint position. A device for displaying an image at the viewpoint position has been proposed.

: In addition, a panoramic omnidirectional photograph was displayed on a sphere by dividing the omnidirectional and taking a picture, and pasting the image onto a sphere.

: Norihisa Hashimoto, "Study on Stereoscopic Projection Method of Buildings", Proc.

However, when displaying the panoramic omnidirectional photograph on a sphere, a flat sheet such as a photo or printed matter is divided and pasted, so that the joints of adjacent sheets overlap or gaps are created. There was a problem that the image was partially unnatural.

The present invention has been made in view of the above situation, and its purpose is to display an omnidirectional image outside a sphere instead of displaying an omnidirectional image inside a sphere like a planetarium. The purpose of the present invention is to provide a spatial display method using a spherical photograph that can be displayed and displayed on a sphere without causing any gaps or overlaps and without causing a sense of discomfort. Disclosure of the invention

In order to achieve the above object, the invention relating to the spatial display method using a spherical photograph described in claim 1 is characterized in that a horizontal 360 ° azimuth is divided into N directions and photographed. The feature is to calculate the shape to be attached to the sphere based on the vertical and horizontal dimensions of the film used to take each photo and to attach them together, so that the entire surrounding image is displayed outside the sphere.

In the invention described in the scope 2 of the contract, the spatial display method using a spherical photograph described in the claim 1 is technically the same as that of the invention, and the shooting conditions such as exposure, aperture, and focus are the same. It is characterized by shooting.

According to the invention described in Claim 3, the spatial display method using a spherical photograph described in either Claim 1 or Claim 2 is a technical premise, and the angle of view is 18.0 degrees or more. Shooting with a circular fisheye lens. .

In the invention described in claim 4, claim 1 or claim 2 (D, based on the technical premise of a spatial display method using a spherical photograph described in any of the claims, a tripod head: The camera is installed so that the principal point of the camera installed in the center overlaps with the center of the tripod.

According to the invention described in claim 5, there is a technical premise that the space display method for a sphere or body photograph described in either claim 1 or claim 2 is used as a technical premise. 'The feature is that the picture of the photograph is taken into a computer and printed with a fusion type thermal transfer printer. .: '' ','

'The invention described in claim 6 is attached to a sphere based on the technical premise of the spatial display method using a sphere photograph described in either claim 1 or claim 2.' captures images to the computer, and wherein every printed with pigment-based Inku _[rho '

In the invention described in claim 7, the spherical display method based on the spherical photograph described in either claim 1 or claim 2 is used as a technical premise, and a sphere to which a photograph is pasted is assembled and disassembled. It is characterized by a possible structure.

The invention described in claim 8 is based on the technical premise that the spatial display method using a sphere photograph described in claim 7 is a technology that allows a photo pasted on a sphere to be attached to and detached from the sphere. It is characterized by having done.

In the invention according to claim 9, the spatial display method using a spherical photograph described in either claim 1 or claim 2 is a technical premise, and lighting means is provided inside the spherical body. It is characterized by the following.

The invention described in claim 10 is based on the technical premise that the spatial display method using a sphere photograph described in claim 1 or »is required. Illumination means provided inside a sphere. Use an LED for the storage battery or capacitor. It is characterized by a power supply. '

The invention described in claim 11 is based on the technical premise that the spatial display method using a sphere photograph described in claim 10 is a technical premise, and power is supplied to the illumination means provided inside the sphere by electromagnetic induction. Is performed. '.'

The invention described in claims 1 and 2 is based on the technical premise that the spatial display method using a sphere and a body photograph described in the claim 1 or 2 is a technical premise, and displays an image of a sphere photograph such as an organic EL. It is characterized by comprising a material having a function. .::,

Brief description of the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a hollow sphere to which a photograph used to carry out the space display method using a sphere photograph according to the present invention is attached. '::

'Fig. 2 is a diagram in which 9 pieces of vertical and 1 and 2 pieces of true are arranged. FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the ratio of the quinda. ; ■ '.; ■ "

# 114 (a) and (b) are diagrams showing a drawing method for cutting out necessary portions of the photographed enjoyment. ,

Fig. 5 is an explanatory view explaining how to create a spherical photograph by pasting a photograph onto a spherical surface, and shows a state in which 5.5 sheets of paper are laid on both the upper and lower stages vertically. Fig. 6 is an explanatory diagram explaining how to paste a photo on a spherical surface to produce a spherical shot.Cut it out with the curve obtained by drawing, and show the state in which one center is folded inward. FIG. :.: '' '

_: 'Figure 7 is an explanation of how to paste a photo on a spherical surface to create a sphere.'The figure in Figure 6 is joined from the back side to form a hemispherical ridge. It is an explanatory view showing a state in which two sets of these are produced and superimposed.

Fig. 8 is an explanatory diagram explaining how to paste a photo onto a spherical surface to create a spherical photo.The hemispheres created in Fig. 7 are joined up and down, and the center piece is stretched to hide the joint. It is explanatory drawing which shows the state which was turned. '

FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram showing a photographing range using a lens having a focal length of 8 mm suitable for carrying out the present invention.

FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram showing the positional shift between the principal point of the lens on the camera platform and the ideal principal point. :

FIG. 11 is an explanatory view showing a method for producing a sphere when a large sphere photograph is produced by the present invention. BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail based on embodiments of the present invention shown in the accompanying drawings.

[Example 1]

Figure 1 is a diagram showing a hollow sphere on which a photo is pasted, such as a beach ball or a paper balloon.Hereinafter, a method of taking a photo for pasting on this sphere, and pasting the photographed photo onto a sphere The method will be described. :

If this sphere is the subject to be photographed, such as the space in a hall, the photograph is taken from inside the sphere, that is, from the center of the sphere.

When shooting a subject with a 35mm camera, the film ratio of the 35mm camera is 2: 3, so if you split the film at 20 degrees vertically and 30 degrees horizontally, you will get 9 pictures vertically. The entire sphere can be shot with a total of 108 shots, 12 in the horizontal direction. , ' ^:

Fig. 2 shows the 9 vertical and 12 horizontal photographs obtained in this way. The black part is an image that requires, and the white part is an unnecessary image. ■,,

In this case, the focal length of the lens can be obtained by the following calculation. · · Figure 3 shows the quinda ratio, but the vertical: horizontal: diagonal line = 2: 3: / "13. The angle at the screen diagonal 綠) is 10 13 = 36 degrees.

In the case of a 35 mm film, the length of the film is 24 mm in length and 36 mm in width, so the length of the film surface on the screen diagonal line can be obtained as 43.266 mm.

(Length of the screen diagonal) XZ f = 0.65 (when the angle of view 36 is 36 degrees), and the focal length f = 6 56. 56 mm (actually, the focal length of the zoom lens is 66 mm. Yes.)

'If you shoot with proper exposure in each shooting direction, the color and contrast will be discontinuous when spliced, so shoot with the same exposure. 'Because the film used is expected to have a large subject luminance ratio, use a color negative with a reproduction range of about 10 EV instead of a reversal with a reproduction range of about 5 EV.

Focus adjustment is fixed because it affects the angle of view. Therefore, focus as narrowly as possible and shoot as pan-focused as possible.

FIGS. 4 (a) and 4 (b) are diagrams showing a drawing method for cutting out a necessary portion of a photographed picture.

In the side view of Fig. 4 (a), find the point where the sphere intersects a straight line at 20 degrees each from the center, and let the horizontal distance to the center line be line segments a to (!).

Next, draw a straight line at 30 degrees from the center on the top view side in Fig. 4 (a), and calculate the straight line distances at the intersections with the arcs of radii a to d, respectively, as line segments e to h, and the straight line distance at the intersection with the sphere. Is a line segment i.

The line segments e to i at this time represent the actual size, and the width of the rectangle of height (2 3) i The required width in each row when 9 sheets are arranged vertically is shown.

As shown in Fig. 4 (b), the required range is from the midpoint of line segment i to the ends of line segments e through h. '

5 to 8 are diagrams illustrating a method of producing a spherical photograph by attaching a photograph to a spherical surface. Since the photo itself has a high gloss, it is desirable to use a color copy of the photo for the actual work in order to eliminate the gloss of the photo. 'The sphere to which the photo is to be pasted is difficult to paste if it is a sphere, so prepare a sphere that is divided into upper and lower halves. '

Fig. 5 is a diagram showing the mount on which each photo is to be pasted.Nine vertical sheets are divided into four upper sheets, one middle sheet and four lower sheets, and the upper lower sheet is vertically 5.5. Use a sheet of paper. ':' Cut out the photo according to the curve obtained by drawing in Figure 2 and fold one center inward as shown in 囪 6. This bend serves as a reinforcement to keep the entire sphere from collapsing when the photo is pasted on the sphere. \ The photographs obtained in Fig. 6 are sequentially pasted on a hemisphere, one upper and lower hemisphere shown in Fig. 7 is completed, and the upper and lower hemispheres are combined to form a sphere.

Then, it is shown so in FIG. 8, connecting the upper and lower hemispheres, each part of the ^eye,:. Central 'paste each 1 photo completed.

.. The spatial display method using a spherical photograph according to the first embodiment is as follows. The target space is photographed using a 35 mm camera, and the aspect ratio of the film of the 35 mm camera is 2: 3. , 20 degrees in the vertical direction and 30 degrees in the horizontal direction, taking a total of 108 images, taking into account the shape of the paper to be pasted based on this dimensional ratio. The seams on the paper can be tied together, and extremely accurate spherical pictures can be created.

'[Example 2]

In the first embodiment, a spherical photograph was created by taking 108 pictures, but a method of creating the spherical photograph by taking 12 pictures will be described here.

In Example 1, the vertical direction was composed of 9 photographs. However, since the diagonal spring angle of view of a lens with a focal length of 8 mm is 180 degrees, the shooting range with a lens with a focal length of 8 mm is shown. As shown in Fig. 9, the vertical direction can be covered by one photo. Therefore, the total number of shots is only 12 in the horizontal direction, and the camera only needs to be rotated in the horizontal direction.

Also, in Example 1, the photograph was pasted on a paper mount, but in order to obtain the strength of the sphere after completion, in Example 2, a core material was inserted inside, and a sphere with a diameter of 30 cm was inserted. The case of producing Shin will be described.

Styrofoam foam, which is rigid expanded polystyrene, is known as insulation. However, it excels in compressibility and water repellency, and is easy to process, so it is also used in POP products.

The styrofoam is used to create 12 semicircular parts (shapes similar to tufts of mirin) that are obtained by dividing a sphere with a diameter of 30 cm every 30 degrees. ^parts: a joined to complete the sphere. ,

The film taken in the 360 ° space divided into 30 ° sections is taken into a computer using a film scanner, and the image size, color, brightness, contrast, etc. are adjusted.

Since most ink jet printers use dye-based ink, they often fade due to aging.Therefore, when printing with a melt-type thermal transfer printer, there is almost no color fading and water bleeds. Nothing. .

From the image of ^ ::, the shape shown in Fig. 4 (b), that is, the "necessary image" 10 .a shown in Fig. 9 is displayed and cut out. Parts: Γ Paste on two curved surfaces to complete the sphere photograph.

If you create a half-moon-shaped part by dividing the sphere not at 30 degrees but at every 20 'degrees and take a total of eight photographs at every 20 degrees, The deviation between the images can be reduced, and a more accurate sphere can be obtained. ^ '

'· If you take 18 photos every 20 degrees, you can get a nearly accurate spherical photograph even if you paste a rain image on the sphere without creating a semilunar part. it can.

If the image is taken with a lens with a focal length of 8 mm and there is a shortage of light in the surrounding area, use a lens with a wider angle than the 8 mm (for example, 6 mm) and crop the area around each obtained image. By doing so, it is possible to obtain an accurate spherical image. -,--■ '

'' Also, individual images obtained by shooting may have “barrel-shaped distortion” in which the upper and lower central parts swell, and “pincushion distortion” in which the upper and lower central parts become thin. If these are corrected and pasted together, a more accurate spherical image can be obtained.

Next, a method for obtaining a more accurate image by rotating the camera by 20 degrees or 30 degrees and shooting at 360 degrees will be described.

Fig. 10 shows a case where the camera is mounted on a tripod head for shooting.The figure shows the positional shift between the principal point 1 O a of the lens on the head and the ideal principal point 10 b. It is. Light intersects in the camera lens to form an image on the film surface, but when the camera is rotated sideways, as shown in Fig. 10, the point where the light intersects (principal point) is several millimeters. It shifts.

The circle 10c is the locus of the principal point of the lens when the camera is rotated 360 degrees on the camera platform, and the radius of this circle 10c is ideally the principal point 10a of the lens. Principal point of 1 0 b It is a deviation from.

• In other words, since the principal point is located forward of the focal length of the film from the film surface, the position of the camera can be adjusted by using a micro adjuster so that the principal point is at the center of the tripod. adjust.

空間 The spatial display method using a spherical photograph according to the second embodiment uses the lens with a focal length of 8 mm (circular fisheye lens with an angle of view of ^ 1.80 °) to photograph the target space. You can cover the vertical direction with one photo, and shoot the entire space

'Can be done quickly.

In addition, because the camera and camera are installed so that the main point of the camera lens set on the head of the tripod overlaps with the center of the tripod, a photograph with accurate focus can be obtained.

[Example 3] 'It is possible to obtain a life-size spherical photograph with a diameter of about 170 cm, but large _: ' The sphere is difficult to move and store. desirable.

: In 1 1 It is an explanatory view showing a method of manufacturing a sphere when making a large sphere photograph. .Figure: 1; In 1, the symbol 1 la is the central axis of the sphere. ,.:. '

The inside ', the shaft 1, gamma a' disc-shaped support plate 'a 1 1 b is fixed to the lower three stages upper, middle, 1 eight' ² crescent柢l l. C to the support plate 1 1 b 0 Fix every degree.

Further, the adjacent meniscus 11c is fixed with '1.8 horizontal plates 11d, respectively, and the heartwood and ¾..,':. '::'.

Twenty eight photos taken with the force camera rotated at 0: 0 degrees are pasted on a sphere with a diameter of 170 cm. It needs to be stretched to a very large size. Because of this, print on tough paper, such as Tyx paper, which is strong and resistant to water breakage, and using pigment-based pigments that are hardly faded. .,::

Cut out the printed image using the drawing method shown in Fig. 4 to cut out a photograph similar to Fig. 4 (b), and attach it to the curved surface of the meniscus 1 lc using the f port. It is convenient to attach this photo detachably when assembling or transporting.

In the spatial display method using a spherical photograph according to the third embodiment, since a spherical core material can be assembled and disassembled, a large spherical photograph can be produced, and the storage and movement of the spherical body are facilitated.

In addition, the photo attached to the sphere can be attached to and detached from the sphere, so that the photo can be used for a long time.

In the present invention, the image to be pasted on the surface of the sphere is made of a translucent material, and an illuminating means such as an LED is installed inside the sphere, so that the image can be illuminated from the sphere portion. The spherical image can be viewed without being affected by external lighting.

As a power source for this internal lighting means, a storage battery or capacitor is used inside the sphere. [Do you install this? ) This eliminates the need for an external power cord for the lighting means, thereby increasing the degree of freedom of exhibition.

Furthermore, if power is supplied to the inner lighting means by electromagnetic induction, which is generally used for charging a shaver, etc., external power supply and charging of internal storage batteries and batteries can be performed. Can be carried out, and the freedom of exhibition can be increased in combination with the elimination of the power cord.

Furthermore, if the image of the spherical photograph is made of a material having a display function such as an organic EL, an unprecedented spatial display can be achieved. ^::

In the above embodiment, the case of displaying a space on a sphere has been described. However, it is also possible to display a space on a polyhedron close to the sphere, which facilitates the manufacture and assembly of each part. :: '' · ·: ':' 'ノ In addition to filming with silver halide films, it is possible to produce images using images taken with a digital camera. , '' 'No'

, '::: ■ Industrial _{Applicability:::.}

According to the present invention. * The effects obtained from the method of displaying a space by a body photograph are as follows. ■ 請求-'' '' '' '© に' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' ' Take a photo: Take a photo. N: Take a photo of each of the photos. Fill the vertical and horizontal dimensions of the lum, calculate the shape to be attached to the sphere, and glue them together. Because it is configured to be displayed on the outside, there is no real gap or overlap between adjacent. It can be laminated so that 'the size of the sphere is not limited', and from any angle. You can also see the best video.

In the invention described in claim 2, since the shooting conditions such as exposure, aperture, and focus are the same and shadows are cast, the continuity of the stuck portion such as the brightness and color tone of the photograph is fierce. ,

According to the invention set forth in claim 3, since the image is taken with a circular fisheye lens having an angle of view of 180 degrees or more, when taking a picture in 360 degrees horizontally, The effect is obtained that only one shooting is required. In particular, when the brightness of the place to be photographed changes, the photographing conditions for each photograph differ, so it is important to complete the photographing in a short time. The balance of color tone etc. can be maintained.

In the invention described in Block 4 of the claim, the camera is installed so that the principal point of the lens of the camera installed on the tripod head overlaps with the center of the tripod, so that the focus of all photographs is accurate. Can be held.

In the invention described in claim 5, the image of the photograph to be pasted on the sphere is It can be taken into a computer and printed by a melting type thermal transfer printer, so that the fading of photos can be reduced, the color bleeding due to moisture can be reduced, and it can be used for a long time in exhibition halls etc. . · '.

According to the invention described in claim 6, the image of the photograph to be attached to the sphere was taken into a computer and printed with a pigment-based ink, so that the fading of the photograph can be reduced, and the color due to moisture can be reduced. It can reduce bleeding and can be used for a long time in exhibition halls.

According to the invention described in claim 7, since the sphere to which the photograph is to be pasted has a structure that can be assembled and disassembled, the sphere can be easily moved and stored, and the sphere that displays an image Not only can it be mass-produced inexpensively because the whole is easy to manufacture, but also: it can be easily stocked, distributed, and sold as an assembly kit.

In the invention described in claim 8, the photograph to be attached to the sphere is made detachable from the sphere, so that when the sphere is moved or stored, the same photograph is used many times. This: : '

According to the invention described in claim 9, since the illumination means inside the sphere is provided, the spherical image can be viewed without being affected by the illumination outside the sphere. In the invention described in claim 10, the inside of the sphere! ^ Kick use the LED to the lighting means ,,: because you have a battery or capacitor and Tomoe LE Hino power, lighting in hand stage de becomes unnecessary 'external power supply from the child ^{^-for':} the freedom of the exhibition Can be increased. ''..,

According to the invention described in claim 1, power is supplied to the lighting means provided inside the sphere by electromagnetic induction, so that an external power cord is not required for the lighting means. Degree of freedom can be increased.

In the invention described in claim 12, since the image of the spherical photograph is made of a material having a display function such as organic EL, an unprecedented spatial display can be achieved.

Claims

The scope of the claims . .

I. Calculate the shape to be attached to the sphere based on the vertical and horizontal dimensions of the film on which each of the N photos was taken by dividing the horizontal 360 ° azimuth into N shots. A spatial display method using a spherical photograph, characterized in that the whole surrounding image is displayed outside the spherical body.

2. The method for displaying a space by a spherical photograph according to claim 1, wherein the photographing is performed under the same photographing conditions such as exposure, aperture, and focus.

3. The spatial display method using a spherical photograph according to any one of claims 1 and 2, wherein the image is photographed with a circular fisheye lens having an angle of view of 180 degrees or more.

4. A camera according to claim 1 or claim 2 ', wherein the camera is installed so that the principal point of the lens of the force lens installed on the tripod head overlaps the center of the tripod. The spatial display method by the spherical photograph described.

'5. The image of the photograph to be pasted on the sphere is taken by a computer and melt-printed thermal transfer printer. Preliminary printing Claim 1 or Claim 2 Method. ;, '.

'6.Paste on a sphere: A space display using a sphere photograph described in either claim 1' or claim 2, which is to capture the image of the photo to be attached to a computer and print it with a facial ink. Method. '., ；

Claim 7, characterized in that the sphere to which the photo is pasted and attached has a structure that can be disassembled and disassembled. Spatial display method. "'' · '-' '' ''.

8. The method for displaying a space by a spherical photograph according to claim 7, wherein the photograph to be attached to the spherical body is detachably attached to the spherical body. ,

9. The method for displaying a space by a sphere photograph according to any one of claims 1 and 2, wherein a lighting means is provided inside the sphere.

-10. The sphere according to claim 1 or 2, wherein an LED is used as a lighting means provided inside the sphere, and a battery or a battery is used as a power source of the LED. Spatial display method by photograph.

I I. The spatial display method using a sphere photograph according to claim 10, wherein power is supplied to illumination means provided inside the sphere by electromagnetic induction.

3. The method for displaying a space by a spherical photograph according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the image of the spherical photograph is made of a material having a display function such as organic EL.