WO2005076546A1 - 配信システム,無線基地局,無線端末および配信方法 - Google Patents
配信システム,無線基地局,無線端末および配信方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2005076546A1 WO2005076546A1 PCT/JP2004/001265 JP2004001265W WO2005076546A1 WO 2005076546 A1 WO2005076546 A1 WO 2005076546A1 JP 2004001265 W JP2004001265 W JP 2004001265W WO 2005076546 A1 WO2005076546 A1 WO 2005076546A1
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- wireless
- multicast
- terminal
- base station
- terminals
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W4/00—Services specially adapted for wireless communication networks; Facilities therefor
- H04W4/06—Selective distribution of broadcast services, e.g. multimedia broadcast multicast service [MBMS]; Services to user groups; One-way selective calling services
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W76/00—Connection management
- H04W76/40—Connection management for selective distribution or broadcast
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W72/00—Local resource management
- H04W72/12—Wireless traffic scheduling
- H04W72/121—Wireless traffic scheduling for groups of terminals or users
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W84/00—Network topologies
- H04W84/18—Self-organising networks, e.g. ad-hoc networks or sensor networks
- H04W84/22—Self-organising networks, e.g. ad-hoc networks or sensor networks with access to wired networks
Definitions
- Distribution system wireless base station, wireless terminal, and distribution method
- the present invention relates to a distribution system, a wireless base station, a wireless terminal, and a roving method suitable for use in a wireless access network connected to, for example, an IP (Internet Protocol) network.
- IP Internet Protocol
- wireless terminals mobile terminals, mobile stations or mobile devices
- wireless terminals have been used to access the Internet.
- the IP protocol used for the Internet was originally used for a wired network, but the IP protocol has become applicable even when the wired network includes a wireless section.
- the IP protocol has a 1-to-N (N is a natural number) transmission function in which one server (node) transmits the same bucket to multiple servers and transmits the packet. It has functions of cast (broadcast communication) and multicast (multicast communication).
- This broadcast means that one server sends the same bucket to an unspecified number of servers belonging to the network.
- Multicast means that one server Sending the same packet by specifying a large number of services.
- a broadcast is a broadcast transmission
- a multicast is a service provided by a provider (Internet Service Provider [ISP: Internet Service Provider]) server that connects to a provider who has contracted with the provider or who has registered with the provider.
- ISP Internet Service Provider
- IP multicast When this multicast is used in an IP network, a technique in which one server sends the same IP packet (IP packet data) to multiple servers at the same time is particularly called IP multicast.
- IP multicast function for example, streaming services such as Internet broadcasting and the like (streaming data, stream, stream data) are provided.
- information is distributed from a distribution server to a distribution source by transmitting a distribution request to a distribution server (distribution source) on an external network. Furthermore, in the case of broadcast or multicast, the distribution server sends t report data to many providers and management servers.
- broadcast and multicast are both provided in the downlink direction from the base station to the wireless terminal in a one-to-N (one-to-many) manner.
- broadcast z multicast all wireless terminals in a cell can receive a broadcast packet from a base station by broadcasting, and only wireless terminals that have contracted or registered with a provider by mano-recasting have multicast packets in the cell. To be able to receive data.
- Multicast server in order to avoid delivery duplication Le one Bok between multicast server Contact Yopi destination server, tree showing the connection relationship between a plurality of servers used £ Further, the multicast router, provided under One or more destination servers are stored in a memory as a multicast group, thereby managing members (servers as members) or non-members of the destination servers (membership management). Then, the multicast router extracts the address of the multicast bucket received from the upper server, and transfers or discards the distribution data based on the address.
- Membership management is performed between the multicast routers forming the multicast group and the distribution destination server using the following two methods (4-1) and (4-2). Done.
- Each distribution destination server has a timer for updating the membership information, and when the timer expires, sends a membership registration request (membership registration request message) to all members under the multicast. I do.
- the multicast router recognizes that the roster server exists in the multicast group.
- the distribution destination server leaves the multicast group, it sends a multicast group leaving request (multicast group release request message) to the multicast router, and the multicast router sends the distribution destination server information to the member. Remove from the memory that holds the ship.
- the multicast router manolech-casts a membership adjustment request (membership investigation request message) to the multicast group that contains the bucket destination distribution destination server.
- the multicast router recognizes that the destination server exists in the multicast group by receiving the response to the multicast (response message).
- the multicast router sequentially updates and manages the membership by using the first method and the second method.
- IP multicast communication a situation occurs in which mobile stations return response signals to the base station all at once.
- FIG. 27 (a) is a diagram showing a sequence in which a response signal is simultaneously returned to the group membership investigation request.
- the multicast router 200 shown in FIG. 27 (a) transmits a membership request (Membership Report Request) for multicast group management. After receiving and processing the message, each distribution destination server (shown as post) # 1 to # 3 sends a membership response (Membership Report). The message is sent back all at once. .
- FIG. 27 (b) shows that the response signal is returned all at once for the reliable multicast signal.
- FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a sequence performed.
- multicast 1 When multicast is applied, multicast 1, router 200 sends the multicast bucket distributed from multicast server 202 to each destination server.
- the multicast router 200 returns an acknowledgment (ACK [Acknowledgement]: ACK signal) or a retransmission request from each of the distribution destination servers # 1 to # 3 after the distribution of the multicast bucket.
- ACK Acknowledgement
- each of the distribution destination servers # 1 to # 3 shown in FIGS. 27 (a) and 27 (b) respectively A response is simultaneously sent to the bucket distributed from the server 202.
- Reliable multicast is a method of multicasting when a transmission error occurs during the transmission of a multicast bucket.
- the transmission route and transmission conditions from the source server to the destination distribution server may not be the same. Therefore, the loss (packet loss) before the multicast packet reaches the destination distribution server. ) May cause transmission abnormalities.
- Reliable multicast is to avoid packet loss at the time of this transmission error and to ensure that multicast packets are delivered to each distribution destination server.
- the first procedure is to return an acknowledgment (ACK) when the distribution destination server has successfully received the multicast packet.
- the second procedure is to return a retransmission request (NACK [Negative Acknowledgement]: NACK signal) when the distribution destination server cannot receive the multicast packet normally.
- ACK acknowledgment
- NACK retransmission request
- a method has been proposed in which a base station broadcasts data via a wireless section (for example, see Patent Document 3).
- the base station described in Patent Document 3 Data is collected from the wireless terminal, and when the received transmission quality tq in the range of the minimum transmission quality t ⁇ p ⁇ the maximum transmission quality is received, a notification message to stop the response is transmitted to the other wireless terminals. It has become.
- Patent Document 4 a method for reducing the number of responses from wireless terminals has been proposed (for example, see Patent Document 4).
- the base station described in Patent Document 4 requests responses to two types of wireless terminal groups using polling after multicasting, and upon receiving a NACK from the wireless terminal, retransmits the packet after a predetermined time.
- other wireless terminals than the polled wireless terminal monitor responses from the polled wireless terminal.
- Patent Document 1
- Patent Document 2
- an object of the present invention is to provide a distribution system, a radio base station, a radio terminal, and a distribution method that can effectively use radio resources. Disclosure of the invention
- the distribution system of the present invention includes a wireless access network having one or more wireless terminals, and a wired network for transmitting and receiving packets to and from one or more wireless terminals.
- a plurality of client terminals connected to one wireless terminal and receiving a multicast bucket from the wired network, and each wireless terminal grouped and assigned a different response timing to each group to communicate with one or more wireless terminals and the wired network side
- a radio base station a multicast nolator that forwards a multicast bucket to the radio base station based on multicast group information in which client terminals to be multicast among a plurality of client terminals are grouped, and a multicast receiver.
- Manoretti cast Gnolay of the lator Les a feature that is configured to include a multicast server to forward multi 'Ji cast bucket DOO multicast / regulator based on the information Ru.
- the uplink wireless access network generated from the wireless terminal side to the wireless base station. Congestion in the network can be suppressed, radio resources can be effectively used, and the processing load on the radio base station can be reduced.
- the wireless base station further includes: a grouping processing unit that generates group identification information in which one or more wireless terminals are grouped based on a wireless terminal identification number of each wireless terminal belonging to the wireless access network; A wireless transmission unit for transmitting the group identification information and response timing generated by the processing unit and a wireless bucket caused by the bucket transferred from the wired network side to one or more wireless terminals. It is characterized by having been configured.
- the key information for starting the distribution from the radio base station side or for de-authentication and decryption from the radio base station is transmitted.
- congestion control can be effectively performed even when response signals are simultaneously returned from wireless terminals.
- the wireless terminal includes a wireless receiving unit that receives a wireless packet including group identification information obtained by grouping one or more wireless terminals, a wireless terminal identification information, a drop identification number, and a response timing.
- a holding unit for associating the value with the value, a response timing determining unit for reading out the response timing corresponding to the group identification information received by the wireless receiving unit from the holding unit and determining the response timing, and a response timing determining unit. It is characterized by comprising a wireless transmission unit for transmitting a response signal to the wireless base station at the determined response timing.
- the wireless terminal of the present invention receives a multicast packet transmitted to a plurality of wireless terminals from a wireless base station, and receives a response to the reception of the multicast bucket from the plurality of wireless terminals except the own terminal.
- the wireless base station may be configured to group each wireless terminal based on wireless terminal identification information of each wireless terminal belonging to the wireless access network.
- the grouping processing unit of the radio base station can be configured as shown in the following (i) and (ii).
- the master terminal collectively collects the response signals from the slave terminals. Since the broadcast response signal is returned to the wireless base station, the number of wireless links secured only for the response signal can be reduced. According to (ii), the response signal transmitted by the wireless terminal to the wireless base station is prevented from being concentrated in a specific period.
- the wireless terminal transfers the wireless multicast packet received by the wireless receiving unit to a plurality of client terminals connected to the one or more wireless terminals and receiving the multicast bucket from the wired network. It can be configured with a client terminal transfer unit that transfers the packet from the terminal to the wireless transmission unit. In this case, unnecessary multicast packets and broadcast packets are not transmitted to the wireless access network, and the wireless access Network load is reduced.
- the wireless terminal is provided with a management unit for managing relative relationship information transmitted from the wireless base station and indicating the relative relationship between the plurality of client terminals, and the wireless transmission unit is configured to store the relative relationship information held by the management unit. May be transmitted to one or more other wireless terminals in the group to which the wireless terminal itself belongs.
- the management unit manages the operation information of the other one or more wireless terminals in response to the response to the operation information inquired of the other one or more wireless terminals, and transmits the operation information to the wireless base station. In this case, the number of wireless links occupied by each wireless terminal can be reduced.
- the multicast router groups the client terminals to be multicast among the plurality of client terminals connected to the one or more wireless terminals and receiving the multicast bucket from the wired network.
- the wireless base station forwards the multicast bucket to the wireless base station based on the obtained multicast group information, and the wireless base station sends the multicast bucket to the wireless terminal based on the group identification information obtained by grouping one or more wireless terminals. Is transmitted. Therefore, in this way, the load on the wireless base station can be reduced and the processing delay can be reliably prevented.
- both the wireless base station and the wireless terminal can switch between multicast and multicast (broadcast), and can perform efficient distribution.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram for explaining a distribution system of each packet of broadcast Z multicast according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram for explaining a protocol stack according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram for explaining the return timing for each group according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 5 is a block diagram of the base station according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram showing an example of the wireless terminal management table according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 7 is a flowchart for explaining the operation of the base station according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 8 is a block diagram of the master terminal according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 9 is a diagram showing an example of the slave terminal management table according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 10 is a flowchart for explaining the reception processing of a downlink packet by the master terminal according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 11 is a flowchart for explaining the upstream bucket transmission process of the master terminal according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 12 is a block diagram of the slave terminal according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 13 is a flowchart for explaining transmission / reception processing of the slave terminal according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIGS. 14 (a) to 14 (d) are diagrams showing transmission timings of response signals according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 15 is a diagram showing a sequence for explaining message transmission and reception between the master wireless terminal and the slave wireless terminals and the base station according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 16 is a diagram for explaining the return timing for each group according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
- FIGS. 17 (a) to 17 (d) show distribution buckets according to the second embodiment of the present invention, respectively.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a transmission and reception timing chart of a response signal and a response signal.
- FIG. 18 is a block diagram of a base station according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 19 (a) is a diagram showing an example of the wireless terminal management table according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 19 (b) is a diagram showing another example of the wireless terminal management table according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 20 is a flowchart for explaining the operation of the base station according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 21 is a block diagram of a wireless terminal according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 22 is a diagram showing an example of the return timer value management table according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 23 is a flowchart for explaining the operation of the wireless terminal according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 24 is a diagram showing a sequence for explaining message transmission / reception between a wireless terminal and a base station according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 25 is a diagram showing an example of a manorecast cast management tape drive of a manorecast / lator.
- FIG. 26 (a) is a diagram showing an example of the header of the IPv6 packet.
- FIG. 26 (b) is a diagram showing an example of the address format of a multicast packet.
- FIG. 27 (a) is a diagram showing a sequence in which a response signal is simultaneously returned to a group membership investigation request.
- FIG. 27 (b) is a diagram showing a sequence in which a response signal is simultaneously returned for reliability multicast reliability.
- FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of a distribution system 100 according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- a distribution system 100 shown in FIG. 1 includes a wireless access network (wireless network) 101 having N (N is a natural number, for example, 30) wireless terminals 40 (or 41). And a core network (wired network) 102 for transmitting and receiving packets to and from 30 wireless terminals 40 via the wireless access network 101.
- N is a natural number, for example, 30
- core network wireless network
- the distribution system 100 provides a subscriber telephone service and provides a webcast (for example, Internet broadcasting).
- a distribution server provided in the core network 102 is provided with an Internet server.
- Data such as still images, moving images, and audio are packetized via the Internet and distributed to multiple users as a continuous data stream (stream).
- the wireless access network 101 is composed of a base station 22 and 30 wireless terminals 40, and is connected to an external IP network via a router provided in the core network 102. Connected to 104.
- the wireless terminal 42 will be described later in the second embodiment.
- Each of the 30 client terminals 21 is connected to the 30 wireless terminals 40 and receives a multicast packet from the core network 102. Sokon. Each client terminal 21 selectively receives a desired stream from a variety of streams. That is, the multicast server 11 and the 30 client terminals 21 have a one-to-N (one-to-many) relationship. Each client terminal 21 corresponds to a node directly connected to the core network 102 except for the wireless access network 101, and functions as an independent server. Therefore, it can be called a “host server” in that it is an “independent server”.
- the client terminal 21 and the wireless terminal 40 may be referred to as a wireless terminal.
- the base station 22 of the present invention groups the wireless terminals 40, assigns different response timings to each group, and communicates with the 30 wireless terminals 40 and the core network 102 side.
- the base station 22 transmits the multicast bucket to each of the wireless terminals 40. Based on the identification number (wireless terminal identification information), for example, for 30 wireless terminals 40 (hereinafter, sometimes referred to as wireless terminals # 1 to # 30), wireless terminals # 1 to # 10 are assigned. Group 1, no-wireless terminals # 11 to # 20 are grouped into group 2 and wireless terminals # 21 to # 30 are grouped into group 3 etc. One wireless terminal (representative) representing each group 1 to 3 Terminal or a master terminal described later). After transmitting the multicast packet to the wireless terminals # 1 to # 10 belonging to the group 1, the base station 22 transmits from the representative terminal # 1 of the group 1 and from the other wireless terminals # 2 to # 10. Receives a response message that includes the response.
- the identification number wireless terminal identification information
- wireless terminal identification information for example, for 30 wireless terminals 40 (hereinafter, sometimes referred to as wireless terminals # 1 to # 30)
- wireless terminals # 1 to # 10 are assigned. Group 1, no-wireless terminals
- Each wireless terminal 40, 41 transmits and receives wireless packets, and is, for example, a portable telephone. Further, when responding to the reception of the multicast packet, each wireless terminal 40 can directly communicate between the terminals without passing through the base station 22. Each wireless terminal 40 is in the senoré and within the communication range of the base station 22. For this reason, the number of wireless terminals 40 in the cell is determined based on the number of radio links that can be set between the base station 22 and the wireless terminals 40 and the communication processing capacity of the base station 22. It is not restricted to.
- the 30 wireless terminals 40 are grouped into groups 1 to 3 in the base station 22, one representative terminal is selected for each group, and the representative terminal is the base station 22.
- the representative terminal is the base station 22.
- wireless terminal # 1 of 10 wireless terminals # 1 to # 10 is assigned as a terminal representing other wireless terminals # 2 to # 10 belonging to group 1, and
- the remaining wireless terminals # 2 to # 10 are assigned as subordinates to the wireless terminal # 1.
- this representative terminal is referred to as a master terminal (wireless terminal serving as a master, master), and a wireless terminal 40 subordinate to the master terminal is referred to as a slave terminal (wireless terminal serving as a slave, slave). .
- the master terminal controls or manages the processing or operation performed by the slave terminal, but the slave terminal cannot directly control or manage the master terminal, and the relative relationship between the master terminal and the slave terminal is the master-slave relationship. It has become.
- the main functions of the master terminal are as follows: (i) All wireless terminals in the downlink direction from the base station 22 In response to a multicast packet (multicast data) or confirmation request delivered to 40, a response signal including responses from other wireless terminals # 2 to # 10 to the base station 22 in the upstream direction is sent. (Ii) communicate with slave terminals within the group (communication between terminals).
- the function of the slave terminal is to send a response to the delivered multicast packet to the master terminal.
- terminal-to-base station communication (communication between all wireless terminals 40 and base station 22 in the same group) is performed using W-CD MA (Wideband-Code Division Multiplexing Access; (Communication between the master terminal and slave terminal in the same group) uses frequency hopping, etc., and the frequency band is allocated so that each communication does not interfere with each other. .
- W-CD MA Wideband-Code Division Multiplexing Access
- the master terminal (wireless terminal) of the present invention receives, for example, a multicast packet transmitted to 40 wireless terminals 40 and 41 from the base station 22 and excludes its own terminal.
- a collective response signal is generated based on the response signal received by the receiving means and the response signal to the reception of the multicast bucket at the own terminal, and the base station 22 receives frequency hopping or the like (second radio communication). It has a batch response means for transmitting data according to the communication method (see Fig. 8, etc. described later). Accordingly, a plurality of responses from other slave terminals belonging to the same group are bundled at the master terminal, and the bundled responses are collectively returned to the base station 22. Congestion is avoided.
- CD MA Code Division Multiplexing Access
- the base station 22 is a wireless communication system that constitutes each group. Keep the number of terminals within the code multiplicity that base station 22 can tolerate. In the first embodiment, congestion is avoided by reducing the number of response signals transmitted by each wireless terminal 41.
- FD MA Frequency Division Multiplexing Access
- TDMA Time Division Multiplexing Access
- the TDMA method when the TDMA method is used, if the number of transmission slots (reception slots as viewed from the base station 22) in which the wireless terminal 40 transmits packets is larger than the number of master terminals, all radio Terminal 40 can access.
- code spread modulation spread modulation
- code spread demodulation demodulation
- modulation and demodulation schemes and access schemes are both changed due to changes in system specifications.
- modulation and demodulation methods and access methods can also be used in a second embodiment described later.
- all the wireless terminals 40 in the cell receive the broadcast packet (broadcast data) from the base station 22 by the broadcast, and only the wireless terminals 40 contracted or registered with the provider by the multicast are received.
- the multicast packet (multicast data) is received in the cell.
- the core network 10 2 includes a router 103, an IP network 104, a multicast notator 10, and a multicast server 11.
- the router 103 transfers packets, and functions as a firewall for the wireless access network 101 to access the core network 102.
- the IP network 104 is a multicast server from the multicast server 11 described below. For example, the Internet or a network that encapsulates and transfers buckets.
- the multicast router 10 sends a multicast bucket to the base station 22 based on the multicast group information in which the client terminals 21 to be multicast among the 30 client terminals 21 are grouped. To transfer.
- This multicast group information is obtained by associating the membership information indicating the client terminal 21 to be multicast with the multicast information indicating the distribution route between the multicast server 11 and the client terminal 21. .
- the multicast router 10 includes a transfer unit that transfers a received packet based on the address of the received packet, and one or more client terminals 2 to which a multicast packet is to be transmitted among the 30 client terminals 21.
- a multicast group management table that holds the information 1 and the multicast group ID (Identification) (multicast group identification information) for identifying the information of one or more client terminals 21 in association with each other It is configured.
- FIG. 25 is a diagram showing an example of a manolech cast gnole management tape hole of the manolech cast nolator 10.
- “Group 1” in the multicast group management table shown in FIG. 25 is the multicast group identification information, and “# 1 to #N” 1S1 or a plurality of This is the information of the client terminal 21.
- the manorecast caster 10 transmits a member confirmation (member confirmation message) to the 30 client terminals 21 via the 30 wireless terminals of the wireless access network 101.
- member confirmation member confirmation message
- the multicast router 10 sequentially updates the held data by exchanging messages with each client terminal 21. This manages broadcast / multicast membership information.
- the multicast router 10 is configured such that, in addition to the client terminal 21 under the wireless access network 101, the client terminal which is a member of the subordinate manolech cast group in the IP network 104 corresponding to the multicast network. Regarding end 21, it also manages the membership information of broadcast / multicast. (2-2) Multicast server 1 1
- manolecast caster 11 transfers a manurecast bucket to the multicast router 10 based on the manorecast cast group information of the manorecast caster 10.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram for explaining a distribution system of each packet of broadcast Z multicast according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- the multicast server 11 shown in FIG. The data is transferred to the printer 10. Note that the components shown in FIG. 2 and having the same reference numerals as those described above represent the same components.
- the distribution method of the present invention is a distribution system 1 including a radio access network 101 having 30 wireless terminals 40 and a core network 102 transmitting and receiving packets to and from 30 wireless terminals 40. It is at 0 0.
- Multicast router 10 is connected to 30 wireless terminals 40, receives multicast packets from core network 102, and groups 30 multicast client terminals 21 out of 30 client terminals 21
- the multicast packet is transferred to the wireless base station 22 based on the obtained multicast group information, and the multicast packet is transmitted based on the group identification information obtained by grouping the base station 22 or the plurality of wireless terminals 40.
- the forwarding of the multicast router 10 refers to the membership information of the multicast group and the multicast tree information, and the base station 22 Performs radio interface physical interface processing and radio link control.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram for explaining a protocol stack of the distribution system 100 according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- the client terminal 21 shown in FIG. 3 includes an upper-level protocol processing unit 21 a, an IP protocol control unit 21 b, a MAC (Media Access Control) and an LLC (Link Layer Control) control unit (hereinafter, MA CZLLC Controls and displays To do. ) 2 1 c, and a wired physical layer processing unit 2 1 d.
- the upper-level protocol processing unit 21a and the IP protocol processing unit 21b respectively manage the release or connection of a communication link (communication session) between the client terminal 21 and the multicast router 10 and perform IP management. It performs link management such as release or connection in the layer. This function is exhibited by, for example, a software application.
- An example of link management is as follows.
- the upper protocol processing unit 21 a and the IP protocol processing unit 21 b memory (not shown) store the identification numbers of a plurality of communication links, the client terminal 21 and the multicast router 10. It keeps the local IP address (private IP address) to be used in association with it.
- the MA CZLLC control unit 21c performs retransmission control of the packet between the client terminal 21 and the wireless terminal 40, and the like.
- the wired physical layer processing unit 21d includes the client terminal 2c. It processes PHYsical layer data between 1 and the wireless terminal 40. Therefore, the lower protocol is applied between the client terminal 21 and the wireless terminal 40 without using the IP protocol. Further, the wireless terminal 40 transmits or discards the frame based on the MAC address and the MAC address tape notation (not shown) included in the frame from the client terminal 21. And a MACZLLC control unit 20b and a wired physical layer processing unit 20c for performing lower-level protocol processing between the MA CZ LLC control unit 21c and the wired physical layer processing unit 21d of the client terminal 21.
- a radio link control unit 20d for controlling a radio link with the base station 22; a radio physical layer processing unit 20e for performing a process based on radio interuse between the base station 22 and the radio terminal 40; It is configured with.
- the base station 22 transfers or discards the received data based on the MAC address included in the packet from the wireless terminal 40 and a MAC address table (not shown).
- a radio link control unit 22 that performs radio link control and radio physical layer processing between the processing unit 22 a and the radio link control unit 20 d and the radio physical layer processing unit 20 e of the radio terminal 40.
- d MAC / MAC that performs lower layer processing between the wireless physical layer processing unit 2 2 e and the multicast router 10 It comprises an LLC control unit 22b and a wired physical layer processing unit 22c.
- the multicast router 10 includes a multicast control unit 10 a that manages the members of the client terminal 21 and the wireless terminal 40, and an IP protocol processing unit that performs link management such as release or connection at the IP level.
- MAC / LLC controller 10c for performing lower layer processing between 10b and MAC / LLC controller 22b of base station 22 and wired physical layer processor 22c, wired physical layer processor 10 It is configured with d.
- the multicast server 11 is a higher-level protocol processing unit 11 that manages release or connection of a communication link between the client terminal 21 and the multicast router 10 and performs link management such as release or connection at the IP level.
- a, MAC / control unit 11c for performing lower layer processing between the IP protocol processing unit 11b and the MACZL LC control unit 10c of the multicast router 10 and the wired physical layer processing unit 10d, wired It comprises a physical layer processing section 11 d.
- the multicast router 10 harms the local IP address to the client terminal 21 and sends the IP address from the IP network 104.
- the global IP address included in the bucket is converted into a local IP address, and the packet is transferred to the base station 22.
- the multicast router 10 upon receiving a packet from the base station 22, the multicast router 10 converts the low power IP address into a global IP address.
- the communication link of the multicast packet (multicast data) is set mutually between the IP protocol processing unit 21 b of the client terminal 21 and the IP protocol processing unit 10 b of the multicast router 10. .
- each of the bridge processing units 20a and 22a of the base station 22 and the wireless terminal 40 performs lower-order processing on received data without performing termination processing in an upper-level protocol such as IP protocol processing. Only protocol processing is implemented.
- FIG. 26A is a diagram showing an example of a header of an IPv6 (Internet Protocol Version 6 Protocol) packet.
- IPv6 Internet Protocol Version 6 Protocol
- the IPV 6 packet shown in FIG. 26 (a) is for securing many IP addresses.
- the two bridge processing units 20a and 22a extract only the header from the received packet, and extract the source key from the header. Only the address and destination address (destination address) are extracted. Then, when a call is generated in the multicast router 10 or the client terminal 21, the two bridge processing units 20a and 22a perform one-to-one multicast communication or multicast communication by referring to the extracted address. Determine.
- FIG. 26 (b) is a diagram showing an example of the address format of the multicast packet.
- the base station 22 uses the format shown in FIG. 26 (b) to perform a unicast or multicast (broadcast). Cast) can be switched, and efficient distribution can be performed.
- the wireless terminal 40 can switch the presence / absence of the return timing adjustment by extracting the address.
- the destination address on the IP header shown in FIG. 26 (a) is a "multicast address" according to the format shown in FIG. 26 (b).
- FIG. 4 is a diagram for explaining the return timing for each gnorape according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- Group A, B, and C shown in FIG. 4 each have three wireless terminals # 1 to # 3, and those that function as master terminals are group A wireless terminals # 2. And group B wireless terminal 2 and group C wireless terminal # 1.
- those that function as slave terminals are wireless terminals # 1 and # 3 of group A, wireless terminals # 1 and # 3 of group B, and wireless terminals # 1 and # 2 of group C.
- the allocation and the number of units shown in FIG. 4 are all examples, and those shown in FIG. 4 and having the same reference numerals as those described above represent the same units.
- the frequency band for the master terminals # 2, # 2, and # 1 of each group A, B, and C to communicate with the base station 22 is the same (for example, f1). Yes, and in groups A, B, and C, the frequency band used for terminal-to-terminal communication between the slave terminal and the master terminal is f2. Groups A, B, and C are frequency hopping frequencies in frequency band f2. Different turns can be communicated separately. Also, the frequency bands may be separate for groups A, B, and C.
- base station 22 includes all nine wireless terminals # 1 to # # belonging to groups A, B, and C. W
- the group A, B, and C (group identification information) and the master-slave relationship (master or slave relationship) indicating that each group A, B, and C is a master or a slave are communicated.
- both master terminal # 2 and slave terminals # 1 and # 3 receive multicast data directly from base station 22. Then, the slave terminals # 1 and # 3 both send a response signal to the master terminal # 2, and the master terminal # 2 collects the responses of the slave terminals # 1 and # 3 and the response of the own terminal collectively. Responds to station 22.
- Groups B and C are the same as group A.
- FIG. 5 is a block diagram of the base station 22 according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- the base station 22 shown in FIG. 5 includes a packet receiving section 19, a radio link protocol (RLP) frame processing section 24, a radio frame processing section 25, and a radio transmitting section 2 6, an antenna 50, and a grouping processing unit 27.
- the bucket receiving unit 19 is for receiving and processing a bucket from the multicast router 10 side.
- the RLP frame processing unit 24 inputs the group identification signal and the master / slave identification signal into the packet of the grouping processing unit 27 and outputs the lower protocol control processing specified by 3GPP. Is performed.
- the lower-order protocol processing include insertion of error correction bits based on a radio link control protocol, writing of a counter for controlling retransmission of a packet in a radio section, writing of a frame of a timer value, and the like.
- the counter counts the total number of frames transmitted to the wireless terminal 40 and the number of transmitted frames, and the total number of frames received from the wireless terminal 40 and the number of received frames.
- the RLP frame processing unit 24 sets And the wireless terminal 40 transmit and receive information indicating "how many packets have been received” or a message such as "what number of packets has not been received, and a retransmission request for packets that could not be received". Then, the radio frame processing unit 25 performs an IPv6 format process having a mobility management function on the frame written or inserted in the RLP frame processing unit 24.
- the radio transmitting unit 26 transmits a non-bucket, which has been subjected to modulation, up-conversion, band filtering, etc., to the 30 radio terminals 40 for the radio frame including the group identification information and the master / slave identification signal. What to send.
- the antenna 50 is for transmitting a radio bucket from the radio transmission unit 26.
- the gnolapping processing unit 27 generates group identification information that groups the wireless terminals # 1 to # 3 based on the wireless terminal identification numbers of the wireless terminals # 1 to # 3 belonging to the wireless access network 101.
- the receiving buffer 23 a holds the bucket received by the bucket receiving unit 19, and the IP header detecting unit 23 b stores the bucket received from the bucket buffer held in the receiving buffer 23 a.
- the destination IP address field extraction unit 23 c extracts the IP header, and the destination IP address field extraction unit 23 c includes a field including the destination IP address from the header extracted by the IP header detection unit 23 b (the destination IP address field).
- the wireless terminal management table 27b stores the wireless terminal identification number, the multicast group ID (Identification), the group identification signal, and the master / slave identification signal in association with each other.) Is what you do.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram showing an example of the wireless terminal management table 27 b according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- the multicast group ID of the wireless terminal management table 27 b shown in FIG. Obtained based on the held multicast group information.
- the group identification number is obtained by further subdividing the multicast group ID, and is assigned by the base station 22.
- the wireless terminal identification number is obtained by the base station 22 exchanging messages with the wireless terminal 40 in the cell.
- the master terminal is a wireless terminal grouped by a wireless terminal identification number.
- the wireless terminal 40 closest to the base station 22 out of 40 is held.
- the master terminal represents all the other slave terminals belonging to the group, so that as long as the cell is formed around the base station 22, the master terminal can reliably communicate with the base station 22 and the other slave terminals. This is because it is necessary to be in a position where it can receive the response signal from the terminal.
- both the multicast group ID (first group identification information) and the group identification number (second group identification information) are used to hierarchically subdivide the 30 wireless terminals 40. Have been assigned. This subdivision is performed by the upper application software of the wireless terminal 40 monitoring the number of wireless terminals 40 in the cell. This is done to reduce the load.
- the wireless terminals 40 are managed using only the group identification number, the number of groups increases as the number of wireless terminals 40 increases, and the return timing of the wireless terminals 40 in each group increases. Overlap. Accordingly, the upper application of the wireless terminal 40 generates the second group identification information (multicast group ID) and, if necessary, the third group identification information in advance.
- the group identification number A identifies the wireless terminals # 1 to # 10
- the group identification numbers B to E are held in association with the wireless terminals # 11 to # 20, respectively. ing. Therefore, the base station 22 groups the wireless terminals 40 based on the wireless terminal identification numbers of the wireless terminals 40 belonging to the wireless access network 101.
- the grouping processing unit 28 reads the wireless terminal identification number, refers to the wireless terminal management table 27 b, inserts the group identification number and the master / slave identification signal into the RLP frame, and 26 transmits the wireless packet to the wireless terminal 40.
- each wireless terminal 40 identifies that each wireless terminal 40 itself is a master terminal or a slave terminal (hereinafter, referred to as a master Z slave).
- FIG. 7 is a flowchart for explaining the operation of the base station 22 according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- the IP header detecting unit 23b extracts the IP header from the received packet (Step C2) and transmits the packet.
- the destination IP address field extraction unit 23c extracts the destination IP address field from the extracted IP header (Step C3), and determines whether the destination IP address is a multicast address (step C3). Step C 4).
- the master / slave identification signal Z group identification signal generator 27a passes through the Y route and the wireless terminal management
- the terminal identification number is read (step C5), a master / slave identification signal is generated (step C7), and a group identification signal is generated (step C6).
- RLP frame processing section 24 inserts the generated group identification number, master slave identification signal, retransmission control power counter, and the like into each frame to generate an RLP frame (step C8).
- the radio frame processing unit 25 converts the RLP frame including the group identification number and the master slave identification signal into a radio frame (step C9), and the radio transmission unit 26 converts the radio packet into a radio packet.
- step C 10 Is transmitted from the antenna 50 to the wireless terminal 40 (step C 10).
- step C4 if the destination IP address is a broadcast address, the processes in steps C5 to C10 are performed in the same manner as in the multicast. On the other hand, if the destination IP address is not a multicast address or a broadcast address, normal packet processing after step C8 is performed through the N route.
- the base station 22 of the present invention it is determined whether or not the received packet is a multicast packet, and the process is switched based on the determination result. , The processing load is reduced, and wireless resources can be effectively used.
- FIG. 8 is a block diagram of the wireless terminal 40 (master terminal) according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- the wireless terminal 40 shown in FIG. 8 includes (i) a pre-reception unit including an antenna 51 and a duplexer 52; (ii) a wireless reception unit 30a; a wireless frame processing unit (first wireless frame processing unit) 30b , RLP frame processing section (first RLP frame processing section) 30 c, a reception processing section including a reception buffer 32, (iii) RLP frame processing section (second RLP frame processing section) 30 d, radio frame processing section (
- the second wireless frame processing unit) includes a transmission processing unit including a wireless transmission unit 30 e and a wireless transmission unit 30 f, and (iv) a master terminal management unit 33 that performs processing as a master terminal.
- the antenna 51 transmits and receives wireless packets
- the duplexer 52 separates a reception bucket and a transmission bucket.
- the wireless receiving unit 30a performs frequency conversion (down-compression) and demodulation of a wireless signal and outputs a baseband signal.
- the first wireless frame processing unit 30b performs wireless reception.
- the unit 30a detects a frame range such as the head position of the baseband signal demodulated and removes excess bits and the like included in the baseband signal.
- the first RLP frame processing unit 30c outputs distribution data from the frame processed by the first wireless frame processing unit 30b. Further, the first RLP frame processing unit 30c performs removal of error correction bits of the wireless bucket, and -retransmission control of the bucket. In the retransmission control, the total number of frames received from the base station 22 and the number of received frames, and the total number of frames transmitted to the base station 22 and the number of transmitted frames are counted.
- the reception buffer 32 holds data from the first R LP frame processing unit 30c. That is, the reception buffer 32 retains data from which each of the error correction bits and the packet retransmission control bits included in each received wireless packet has been removed.
- the second RLP frame processing unit 30d transmits data from the client terminal and an inquiry request signal from the master terminal management unit 33 to the slave terminal.
- the second radio frame processing unit 30 e performs format processing based on the specification of the distribution system 100 on the bucket subjected to the RLP frame processing. Part 3 Off is for wirelessly transmitting the formatted bucket.
- the master terminal management unit 33 includes a group identification signal extraction unit 33a, a master / slave identification signal extraction unit 33b, a slave terminal response signal extraction unit 33c, and a master terminal control unit 33d. , A slave terminal management table 33e, a slave terminal inquiry request signal generation unit 33f, and a transmission buffer 31g. '
- the group identification signal extracting section 33a extracts the group identification signal from the bucket subjected to the RLP frame processing by the first RLP frame processing section 30c, and outputs the extracted group identification signal to the master terminal control section.
- 33 d is what you enter.
- the master / slave identification signal extraction unit 33b extracts a master / slave identification signal from the bucket packet subjected to the RLP frame processing by the first RLP frame processing unit 30c, and controls the extracted master / slave identification signal for master terminal control. This is entered for part 33d.
- the slave terminal response signal extraction unit 33c extracts a response signal transmitted by the slave terminal in response to the confirmation request transmitted by the wireless terminal 40 itself to the slave terminal.
- the response signal data from the slave terminal is extracted from the large number of holding areas.
- the master terminal control unit 33d performs (i) reception processing of various messages (group identification signal, master / slave identification signal and response signal from the slave terminal) transmitted from the slave terminal, and (ii) ) It performs the process of transmitting a batch response signal in which response signals from a plurality of slave terminals including its own terminal are packaged, and (iii) the process of generating an inquiry request signal to a plurality of slave terminals.
- the transmission buffer 31g holds the batch response signal data from the master terminal control unit 33d and the signal data from the host server 21 side.
- the above-mentioned wireless receiving unit 30a is provided with 40 wireless terminals 40 and 41, excluding the own terminal, It functions as a receiving means for receiving a response signal to the reception of the multicast bucket by the W_CDMA method (the first wireless communication method) without passing through the base station 22.
- the master terminal management unit 33 generates a collective response signal based on the response signal received by the receiving means (the wireless reception unit 30a) and the response signal to the reception of the multicast bucket in the own terminal. It functions as a batch response means for transmitting to the base station 22 by frequency hopping or the like (second wireless communication method).
- FIG. 9 is a diagram showing an example of the slave terminal management table 33e according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- the slave terminal management table 33 e shown in FIG. 9 includes a multicast group ID “1”, a group identification number “Group A”, and slave terminal identification numbers “# 2”, “# 3”, and “# 4”. Are held in association with each other.
- the multicast group ID identifies the multicast data distributed by the multicast server 11 and the group identification number identifies the wireless link assigned by the base station 22 for the multicast group ID.
- the multicast group ID and the group identification number are both obtained by the master terminal # 1 exchanging messages with the base station 22.
- the slave terminal identification number indicates a slave terminal under the master terminal
- the slave terminal inquiry request signal generation unit 33 f of the master terminal management unit 33 inquires each of the slave terminals # 2 and # 3. It is obtained by sequentially notifying the request signal and extracting the slave terminal identification number included in the response signal from each of the slave terminals # 2 and # 3.
- the master terminal also uses the response to the inquiry request Z to determine the number of slave terminals in the group that are operating.
- the master terminal # 1 writes the slave terminal identification signal into the slave terminal management table 33e, and is sequentially updated.
- slave terminals # 1 and # 3 share the master / slave identification signal through terminal-to-terminal communication with master terminal # 1.
- the slave terminals # 1 and # 3 transmit the response to the master terminal # 2 without directly returning the response to the base station 22. I do.
- Master terminal # 2 transmits the received response signal to The response signal is stored in the transmission buffer 31g, the stored response signal is read out at a predetermined timing, and a collective response signal including the own terminal is returned to the base station 22.
- the wireless terminals # 1 and # 3 return the "response".
- the number of links can be reduced. In particular, when the number of wireless terminals 40 belonging to one group is large, a remarkable effect can be obtained, and the number of wireless links occupied by each wireless terminal 40 can be reduced.
- the wireless terminals 40 belonging to the other groups B and C similarly to the wireless terminal # 1 belonging to the group A, only the master terminal transmits a response signal to the base station 22 and the slave terminals The response signal is transmitted to the master terminal, and the master terminal transmits the response signal to the base station 22 collectively.
- FIGS. 10 and 11 show the processing flow when the master terminal receives data from the base station 22 and the processing flow when the master terminal receives data from the slave terminal, respectively. This will be described in detail with reference to FIG.
- FIG. 10 is a flowchart for explaining the reception processing of the downlink bucket by the master terminal according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- the wireless receiving section 30 a of the master terminal Upon receiving the bucket data from the base station 22 (step D 1), the wireless receiving section 30 a of the master terminal extracts the group identification signal from the received data (step D 1). 2) Also, a master / slave identification signal is extracted from the received data (step D3), and the extracted master / slave identification signal determines the type of the master or slave (step D4). If the master / slave identification signal is "slave", the control moves to the slave terminal through the route marked "slave” (processing step D5 marked with ⁇ ).
- each master / slave identification signal is a master
- the slave terminal inquiry request signal generation unit 33f passes the route marked “master” and generates an inquiry request signal to each slave terminal (step D 6).
- the RLP frame processing unit 30 cU of the master terminal generates an RLP frame up to 30 cU (step D 7)
- the radio frame processing unit 30 e generates a radio frame (step D 8), and performs radio transmission
- the unit 3Of transmits packet data to the slave terminal (step D9).
- processing is switched based on the master / slave identification signal included in the bucket from the multicast server, so that the processing load is reduced and wireless resources can be effectively used. .
- FIG. 11 is a flowchart for explaining a process of transmitting an uplink packet by the master terminal according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- the wireless receiving section 30 a of the master terminal Upon receiving the packet data from the slave terminal (step E 1), the wireless receiving section 30 a of the master terminal extracts the group identification signal from the received data (step E 2), and the group identification signal extracting section 33 a extracts the group identification signal from the received data (step E 2). It is determined whether or not the extracted group identification signal is the group to which the master terminal itself belongs (own group) (step E3).
- the process passes N times and there is no packet destination, so the process ends (step E4).
- the group identification signal is the own group
- the response signal of the slave terminal is extracted from the received data through the Y route (step E5), and the type of the response signal is determined (step E6).
- the master terminal control unit 33d further checks the slave terminal It is determined whether the identification signal is held in the slave terminal management table 33 3 e, (is present in the management table) or not (not present in the management table) (step E 7). Then, when "present in the management table”, it passes through the route marked "present”, and in step E9, the presence or absence of response signals from all slave terminals is determined. On the other hand, if the response signal type is “multicast response signal” in step E6, the master terminal control unit 33 d follows the route marked “multicast response signal” and proceeds to step E9 and subsequent steps. Is performed.
- step E7 when "none" in the management table, the master terminal control unit 33d updates the slave terminal management table 33e through the route marked "none” (step E8). ).
- step E9 the master terminal control unit 33d determines whether there are response signals from all slave terminals including the own terminal, and if no response signals have been received from all slave terminals yet, follow the N route and repeat the processing from step E5. If response signals from all slave terminals have been received, The terminal control unit 33d generates a batch response signal by combining the response signals from all the slave terminals held in the transmission buffer 31g (step E10).
- the RLP frame processing unit 30 d of the master terminal generates an RLP frame (step E 11)
- the radio frame processing unit 30 e generates a radio frame (step E 12)
- the radio transmitting section 30 f transmits bucket data to the base station 22 (step E 13).
- the slave terminal transmits the response signal to the master terminal without directly returning the response signal to the base station 22 (step E). 1), the master terminal continues to receive response signals from all slave terminals (step E9), and upon receiving response signals from all slave terminals, collectively sends all response signals to base station 22. I will send it back.
- FIG. 12 is a block diagram of the wireless terminal 41 (slave terminal) according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- the wireless terminal 41 shown in FIG. 12 has almost the same configuration as the wireless terminal 40 shown in FIG. 8, and includes a slave wireless terminal management unit (slave terminal management unit) 34. .
- the slave terminal management unit 34 receives distribution data from the base station 22 and transmits information data to a master terminal of a group to which the wireless terminal 41 belongs.
- the slave terminal inquiry request signal extracting section 34a extracts an inquiry request signal from the master terminal. Further, in response to the inquiry request message from the slave terminal control unit 34b, the slave terminal inquiry response signal generation unit 34c transmits to the master terminal # 1 via the RLP frame processing unit 30d, etc. A response signal is transmitted.
- Those having the same reference numerals as those described above in FIG. 12 are the same or have the same functions, and redundant description thereof will be omitted.
- the wireless terminal 41 determines that it is a slave terminal by extracting the master Z slave identification signal
- the wireless terminal 41 identifies the group identification embedded in the RLP frame.
- an inquiry request signal is received from the master terminal # 1
- a response signal is generated and returned to the master terminal # 1.
- the destination IP address field information is extracted from the header of the IP bucket data from the client terminal 21, and it is determined that the destination is the multicast server 11. By doing so, the response signal return destination is switched to the master wireless terminal 40, and the response signal is returned.
- FIG. 13 is a flowchart for explaining transmission / reception processing of the slave terminal according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- the wireless reception unit 30a of the slave terminal Upon receiving the packet data from the multicast server 11 via the base station 22 (step Fl), the wireless reception unit 30a of the slave terminal extracts an IP header from the received data (step F2), The destination IP address field is extracted (step F3), and it is determined whether or not the destination IP address is a multicast address (step F4).
- the slave terminal inquiry response signal generation section 34c passes through the Y route, generates a multicast response signal (step F5), and processes the RLP frame.
- the unit 30d generates an RLP frame (step F9)
- the radio frame processing unit 30e generates a radio frame (step F10)
- the radio transmission unit 30f transmits a radio frame to the master terminal.
- step F11 To send data (step F11).
- step F4 if it is not determined that the address is a multicast address, the process passes through the N route and performs the processing from step F9.
- step F7 When the slave terminal receives an inquiry request signal from the base station 22 via the master terminal (step F7), corresponding to the process B (F6) in FIG. 10, the slave terminal generates an inquiry response signal to the master terminal. (Step F8), and sends the inquiry response signal to the master terminal (Step F9 to Step F11).
- the slave terminal switches generation or non-generation of the inquiry response signal to the master terminal based on the determination result whether the received packet is from the multicast server 11 or from the master terminal.
- the number of response signals in is suppressed, and congestion control can be performed.
- effective use of the radio resources can be achieved.
- MBMS Manolechi Media Service Z Multicast Broadcast / Multicast Service
- the radio link for transmitting only the response signal is not set, so that the number of physical lines can be saved.
- FIGS. 14 (a) to 14 (d) are diagrams showing transmission timings of response signals according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- the base station 2 2 at time t M and notifies the multicast packets when attempting to send to (downlink Direction), to each wireless terminal end 4 0 advance the return timings of the respective radio terminals 40.
- Each wireless terminal 40 is returned based on the return timing. Also, specific frequencies are assigned to the radio terminals # 1 to # 3 and the base station 22.
- the base station 22 shown in FIG. 14 (a) multicasts to the groups A, B, and C in the downlink direction at time t M , and all the radio terminals 40 (the radio terminals of the groups A, B, and C # 1 to # 3) simultaneously receive the information data included in the multicast.
- the transmission frequencies used when each of the wireless terminals # 1 to # 3 communicate with the base station 22 and when each of the wireless terminals # 1 to # 3 communicate between the terminals in gnorape are: I try to be different.
- wireless terminal # 2 of group A shown in Fig. 14 (b) transmits a packet to wireless terminal # 1 (time 1)
- wireless terminal # 2 of group B is a wireless terminal of group B
- the packet is transmitted to # 1 (Master)
- the wireless terminal # 3 of group C transmits the packet to the wireless terminal # 1 (Master) of the group C.
- the wireless bucket multicast by the base station 22 is received by the wireless terminal # 1 of the group A, and the wireless terminal # 1 is connected to the other wireless terminals # 2 and # 2 belonging to the group A. # 3 and master terminal # 1 belonging to other groups B and C, respectively. That is, wireless terminal # 1 of group A relays the packet received from base station 22 to wireless terminals # 1 and # 2 of other groups B and C.
- wireless terminal # 3 of group A transmits a packet to wireless terminal # 1 of group A (time 4), and as shown in FIGS. 14 (c) and 14 (d).
- Each of the wireless terminals # 1 of the groups B and C shown in the same manner is similar to the wireless terminal # 1 of the group A, and the wireless terminal # 1 transmits various information data of the wireless terminal # 1 itself at appropriate intervals.
- # Transmit to the master terminal (time 5, 6).
- the wireless terminal # 1 of the group A collectively collects information data obtained from the wireless terminals 40 belonging to the groups A, B and C in addition to the wireless terminals # 2 and # 3 of the group A. To (time 7).
- each wireless terminal # 1 in groups B and C can return information data at once if it wants to connect directly to the Internet (time 8, 9).
- FIG. 15 is a diagram showing a sequence for explaining message transmission and reception between the master terminal and the slave terminals and the base station 22 according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- Master terminal # 1 (wireless terminal 40) and slave terminal # 2 (wireless terminal 41) shown in FIG. 15 both belong to group A.
- the master terminal # 1 and the slave terminal # 2 belonging to the groups B and C, respectively, have the same sequence as the sequence shown in FIG. Items with L1M, L1S, etc. indicate messages or processes.
- the base station 22 sends confirmation requests (confirmation requests for subordinate wireless terminals) to the master terminal # 1 and the slave terminal # 2 (L1M, L1S).
- the master terminal # 1 and the slave terminal # 2 notify the base station 22 of an acknowledgment including the identification numbers of the master terminal # 1 and the slave terminal # 2 (L2M, L2S).
- the base station 22 upon receiving each acknowledgment, creates a member list of the subordinate master terminals # 1 and slave terminals # 2 (L3), and based on the member lists, A loop list is created (L4), and group identification numbers are notified to the master terminal # 1 and the slave terminal # 2 as created group list information (L5M, L5S) 0, and the master terminal # 1 and slave terminal # 2 each store the received group identification number in the management table 33e and set the response signal return time (L6M, L6S). This is because both the master terminal # 1 and the slave terminal # 2 determine or set a random time in a period after the elapse of the time a from the return timing.
- the base station 22 notifies the master terminal # 1 and the slave terminal # 2 of a master no slave identification signal, respectively (master notification, slave notification; L7M, L7S).
- Master terminal # 1 and slave terminal # 2 write the received master / slave identification signal to memory (L8M, L8S).
- the base station 22 receives a multicast bucket (multicast data) from the multicast router 10 (L9), the base station 22 sends the multicast data to the master terminal # 1, the slave terminal # 2, and other slave terminals. Deliver (L10).
- the slave terminal # 2 enters a standby state by a queuing process in consideration of the processing time of the other slave terminals.
- the slave terminal # 2 When receiving the multicast packet, the slave terminal # 2 returns a response signal to the master terminal # 1 instead of the base station 22 (Lll). Further, after receiving the multicast packet in (L10), the master terminal # 1 returns a response signal to the base station 22 after the elapse of the waiting time (L12).
- master terminal # 1 returns a response signal to base station 22 in accordance with the processing time of the wireless terminals belonging to the same group.
- the master terminal # 1 since the master terminal # 1 returns the return message of the slave terminal # 2 by proxy, the occupation time of the wireless link is reduced, and congestion is avoided.
- the transfer of the broadcast packet is almost the same as that of the multicast packet. Even when the distribution system 100 uses the broadcast, the same effect as that of the multicast can be obtained.
- the radio terminals of each group (the radio terminals 42 in FIG. 21) Congestion is avoided by shifting the response timing to the power base station.
- the return timings of the wireless terminals belonging to the same group are set to the same reception slot of the base station, and the return timings between the groups are also shifted by using a process such as a time offset, so that the return timings are different from each other. Can be used.
- the base station can process responses from a large number of wireless terminals.
- the multiplexing code can be separated by using the CDMA method, a group is formed within an allowable multiplicity and each group is formed. Wireless terminals can be made to respond simultaneously.
- the rooster communication system of the present invention is based on IP multicast, the number of radio terminals provided under one base station increases depending on the contents provided by the higher-level application. In this situation, it is necessary to set a different reception frame for each group in order to reduce the probability of an ACK collision.
- CSMA / CA Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Avoidance
- all wireless terminals enter a waiting state after an ACK collision occurs. . Therefore, when the frequency of the ACK collision increases, the accumulated time of the waiting state increases, and it takes much time for the subordinate terminal to complete the ACK return process. In this state, a case may occur in which an upper-level device causes an ACK response waiting time-out, so it is effective to set a reception frame to avoid this time-out.
- 3GPP when W-CDMA is used, the waiting time can be reduced in securing the uplink communication channel.
- user identification information such as a priority is assigned to each client terminal 21, and the client terminals 21 or wireless terminals may be grouped according to the priority. In this case, for the client terminal 21 having a higher priority, it is possible to perform a sorting process such as setting a desired reception frame early so that the ACK return timing is earlier.
- FIG. 16 is a diagram for explaining the return timing for each group according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
- the radio access network 101a shown in FIG. 16 includes base stations 22 'and three radio terminals (hereinafter, referred to as radio terminals # 1 to # 3). It is configured with the following. Where groups A, B,. Both were assigned by base station 22 '.
- the wireless terminals # 1 to # 3 belonging to the group A are all transmitting response signals to the base station 22 within the period of t1 + 0.
- the wireless terminals # 1 to # 3 belonging to the group B transmit a response signal to the base station 22 'within the period t2 + a
- the wireless terminals # 1 to # 3 belonging to the group C In both cases, a response signal is transmitted to the base station 22 within the period t 3 +.
- the multicast data is distributed to all wireless terminals (all wireless terminals # 1 to # 3 in groups A, B, and C) in the downstream direction of base station 22 '.
- the three wireless terminals # 1 to # 3 belonging to group A receive the multicast bucket distributed from the multicast server 11, they transmit response signals to the base station 22 'in the upstream direction at the same return timing. I do.
- Each of the three wireless terminals # 1 to # 3 belonging to groups B and C sends a response signal to the base station 22 'at a timing different from the return timing of the three wireless terminals # 1 to # 3 belonging to group A. Send.
- all three wireless terminals # 1 to # 3 in groups A, B, and C return response signals to the base station 22 'in the uplink direction at a predetermined return timing.
- FIG. 17 (a) to FIG. 17 (d) are diagrams showing transmission / reception timing charts of distribution packets and response signals according to the second embodiment of the present invention, respectively.
- Base station 22 'power S A multicast packet (downstream) is transmitted at time t0 shown in Fig. 17 (a).
- the base station 22, notifies the return timing of each wireless terminal # 1 to # 3 to each wireless terminal # 1 to # 3 in advance, and each wireless terminal # 1 to # 3 performs return processing based on the return timing .
- each wireless terminal of group A shown in FIG. ' Returns a response signal to.
- each wireless terminal 42 of group B shown in FIG. 17 (c) returns a response signal from time (tO + t2) to time (t0 + t3)
- Each of the wireless terminals 42 of the group C shown in (1) returns a response signal from time (t0 + t3). In this way, it is possible to prevent the wireless terminals # 1 to # 3 of the wireless access network 101a from returning response signals concentrated within a specific period to the base station 22 '.
- FIG. 18 is a block diagram of a base station 22 'according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
- the base station 22 'shown in FIG. 18 has almost the same functions as the base station 22, and includes a bucket receiving unit 19, a grouping processing unit 23, and an RLP (Radio Link Protocol: radio link control protocol). It comprises a frame processing unit 24, a radio frame processing unit 25, a radio transmission unit 26, and an antenna 50.
- RLP Radio Link Protocol: radio link control protocol
- the grouping processing unit 23 assigns group identification information obtained by grouping the 30 wireless terminals 42 to each wireless terminal based on the wireless terminal identification number of each wireless terminal 42 belonging to the wireless access network 101a, and A different response timing is assigned to each group.
- the transmission buffer 23a, the IP header detector (IP header detector) 23b, the destination IP address field extractor 23c, the wireless terminal management table 23e, the table Search and group identification signal generator (hereinafter referred to as “table search group identification signal generator”) This is configured with 23 d.
- the transmission buffer 23a holds the packet to be transmitted, and the IP header detection unit 23b extracts the IP header from the packet held in the transmission buffer 23a.
- the destination IP address field extraction unit 23c extracts the destination IP address field from the header extracted by the IP header detection unit 23b.
- the wireless terminal management table 23e holds wireless terminal identification numbers of the wireless terminals # 1 to # 3 belonging to the wireless access network 101a.
- FIG. 19 (a) is a diagram showing an example of the wireless terminal management table 23e according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
- the wireless terminal management table 23e shown in FIG. 19 (a) includes a multicast group ID (second group identification information), a group identification number (first group identification information), a wireless terminal identification number, and Are held in association with each other.
- the upper application of the base station 22 ′ is used as the third group identification information, for example, as shown in FIG. 19 (b).
- a new group ⁇ , ⁇ , y, etc. is generated as shown, and congestion is prevented by avoiding duplication of the return timing of the wireless terminals # 1 to # 3 in each group.
- the table search / group identification signal generator 23 d (FIG. 18) holds the destination IP address field extracted by the destination IP address field extractor 23 c and the wireless terminal management table 23 e. And generating a group identification signal based on the obtained wireless terminal identification number.
- the RLP frame processing unit 24 writes, for example, a counter (several bit power bits) and a timer value for removing error correction bits included in the received packet and controlling packet retransmission in the radio section into the frame. And the like.
- data to be counted include the total number of transmitted frames, the number of frames transmitted to the wireless terminal, the total number of received frames, the number of frames received from the wireless terminal, and the like.
- the RLP frame processing section 24 inserts the group identification signal generated by the table search / group identification signal generation section 23 d into the transmission bucket.
- the radio frame processing unit 25 performs coding or error correction processing on the packet in which the counter is written by the RLP frame processing unit 24.
- the radio transmission unit 26 performs RLP frame processing and radio frame processing on the group identification information and the response timing obtained by the grouping processing unit and on the packet transferred from the core network 102 side.
- the transmitted wireless packet is transmitted to 30 wireless terminals 42.
- the wireless transmission unit 26 converts the wireless signal. Processing such as key adjustment is also performed.
- the antenna 50 transmits a radio bucket from the radio transmission unit 26.
- FIG. 20 is a flowchart for explaining the operation of the base station 22 'according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
- the IP header detecting unit 23b extracts the IP header from the received data.
- the destination IP address field extraction unit 23c extracts the destination IP address field from the extracted IP header (Step A3), and the destination IP address is a multicast address representing multicast. Is determined (step A4).
- the table search Z group identification signal generator 23d generates a group identification signal through the Y route (step A5).
- the table search / group identification signal generation unit 23d refers to the wireless terminal identification number to be inserted into the wireless frame or the RLP frame held in the wireless terminal management table 23e, and Group about 42.
- the RLP frame processing unit 24 generates an RLP frame by inserting, for example, a counter for retransmission control and a group identification number into the frame (step A6).
- the wireless frame processing unit 25 performs frame processing on the bucket including the group identification number (step A7), and the wireless transmitting unit 26 sends the frame-processed wireless packet from the antenna 50 to the wireless terminal 42 side. Transmit (Step A8) ( Note that if the destination IP address is not a multicast address in Step A4, the table search / group identification signal generation unit 23d does not generate the group identification signal. , N routes, and the processes after step A6 are performed.
- the base station 22 'of the present invention it is determined whether or not a received packet is a multicast packet, and processing is switched based on the determination result. And wireless resources can be effectively used.
- FIG. 21 is a block diagram of a wireless terminal 42 according to the second embodiment of the present invention. This figure The return timing processing unit 31 that sets the return timing of the wireless terminal 42 shown in FIG. 21 will be described in detail.
- the return timing processing section 31 includes a group identification signal extraction and table reference section (hereinafter, referred to as a group identification signal extraction / table reference section) 31 a, a return timer setting section 31 c, and a buffer control section. 3 1 d, a transmission buffer 31 g, a return timer value management table 31 b, a destination IP address field extraction unit 31 e, and an IP header detection unit 31 f. I have.
- the group identification signal extraction / table reference section 31a extracts the group identification signal from the bucket subjected to the RLP frame processing in the first RLP frame processing section 30c, and determines the return timing assigned to the extracted group identification signal. This is determined by referring to the return timer value management table 31b. That is, the group identification signal extraction / table reference section 31a reads the response timing corresponding to the group identification signal received by the wireless reception section 30a from the return timer value management table 31b. It functions as a response timing decision unit.
- FIG. 22 is a diagram showing an example of the return timer value management table 31b according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
- the return timer value management table 31b shown in FIG. 22 holds the wireless terminal identification number, the group identification number, the return timer value (response timing value), and the destination address in association with each other. is there.
- the wireless terminal identification number # 1 is, for example, a number assigned to the wireless terminal 42 itself, and the group identification number identifies the groups A and C to which the wireless terminal 42 belongs.
- the return timer value indicates a waiting time until the wireless terminal 42 returns a response signal to the base station 2 2 ′.
- the timer value when the wireless terminal 42 operates as a member of the group A for example, 100 seconds
- a timer value for example, 200 seconds
- the transmission destination address indicates an address of a server to which the radio terminal 42 transmits when the radio terminal 42 becomes a member of the group A or the group C.
- the wireless terminal 42 waits for, for example, 100 seconds and transmits a response signal to the server 1.
- the return timer setting unit 31 c controls the transmission buffer 31 g that holds the bucket for transmitting the timer value determined by the group identification signal extraction / table reference unit 31 a, and controls or manages the buffer. Part 3 1d is to be set.
- the IP header detection unit 31 f extracts the IP header of the IP packet from the client terminal 21.
- the destination IP address field extraction unit 31 e transmits to the IP header detection unit 31 f.
- a destination IP address field is extracted from the extracted IP header, and the extracted destination IP address is input to the buffer controller 31d.
- the wireless receiving unit 30a when the wireless receiving unit 30a receives a wireless packet from the higher-order multicast server 11 or the multicast router 10 side, the wireless packet is processed in the first RLP frame processing unit 30c.
- the data is transmitted to each of the client terminal 21 and the return timing processing unit 31.
- the client terminal 21 upon receiving the processing data, sets a wireless link for distribution.
- the group identification signal extraction / table reference section 31a extracts the group identification number inserted into the RLP frame, and manages the return timer value for the group identification number by referring to the return timer value management table 31b
- the return timer value stored in the table 31b is read, and the return timer value setting unit 31c sets the read timer value in the buffer control unit 31d.
- the IP packet from the client terminal 21 is extracted by the IP header detection unit 31f, and the destination IP address is extracted from the extracted IP header by the destination IP address field extraction unit 31e, and transmitted. It is determined whether or not the destination IP address is directed to the multicast server 11, and based on the result of the determination, the presence or absence of the return timing adjustment is determined.
- FIG. 23 is a flowchart for explaining the operation of the wireless terminal 42 according to the second embodiment of the present invention, in which the wireless terminal 42 receives packets from each of the base station 2 2 ′ and the client terminal 21. The process when data is received is displayed.
- the wireless terminal 42 Upon receiving the packet data from the base station 2 2 ′, the wireless terminal 42 (step B 1), the group identification signal extraction / table reference section 31a extracts the group identification signal from the received data (step B2), and for the extracted group identification signal, determines the timer value corresponding to the group from the return timer value management table. After reading (Step B3), the return timer value setting unit sets the return timer value in the buffer control unit (Step B4).
- the IP header detecting unit 31f extracts the IP header from the received data (step B6), and the destination IP address field extracting unit 31e extracts the destination IP address from the destination IP address field (step B7), and determines whether or not the extracted destination IP address is the address of the multicast server 11 (step B8).
- the destination IP address field extraction unit 31e passes through the Y route and sets a return timer value in the buffer control unit 31d (step B9). Then, in step B10, whether or not the timer has expired is continuously monitored (see N route).
- the second RLP frame processing unit 30d generates an RLP frame through the Y route (step B11), and the radio frame processing unit 30e generates a radio frame (step B12). )
- the wireless transmission unit 3Of transmits packet data to the base station 22 '(step B13). If it is determined in step B8 that the extracted transmission destination address is not the address of the multicast server 11, the processing from step B11 is performed through the N route.
- FIG. 24 is a diagram illustrating a sequence for explaining message transmission / reception between the wireless terminal 42 and the base station 22 ′ according to the second embodiment of the present invention, and wireless terminals # 1 to # 3 belonging to group A. Perform the same processing in the sequence shown in FIG. Note that the ones with M1 to M11 represent messages or processes.
- the wireless terminal 42 includes the identification number of the wireless terminal 42 itself.
- a confirmation response is sent to the base station 22 '(M2).
- the base station 22 creates a member list of the subordinate wireless terminal 42 (M3), creates a group list based on the member list (M4), and creates the created group list.
- the group identification number is notified to the wireless terminal 42 as information (M5).
- the wireless terminal 42 stores the received group identification number in the management table 31b (reception buffer) (M6), and sets the response signal return time (M7).
- the wireless terminal 42 sets a random time in a memory or the like in a period after a time has elapsed from the return timing.
- the base station 22 when receiving the multicast packet from the core network 102 side (M8), the base station 22 'inserts the multicast data extracted from the multicast packet into the wireless bucket and sends the wireless multicast bucket to the wireless terminal 42.
- Distribute M9
- the wireless terminal 42 After receiving the multicast bucket distributed from the base station 22 ', the wireless terminal 42 waits, for example, for t minutes until the return time of the response signal set in M7 (M10), and transmits the response signal to the base station. Return to 22 '(Ml l). In this way, the wireless terminals 42 belonging to the group A return a response signal all at once according to the set return time.
- Each wireless terminal 42 belonging to groups B and C has the same sequence as the wireless terminal 42 belonging to group A except that the return time is different from that of group A. Then, one or more wireless terminals 42 belonging to group B and one or more wireless terminals 42 belonging to group C have different return times from those of wireless terminals 42 belonging to group A (see FIG. 17 ( c), see Fig. 17 (d)).
- the transfer of the broadcast packet is almost the same as that of the multicast packet. Even when the distribution system 100 uses the broadcast, the same effect as that of the multicast can be obtained.
- the wireless terminal 42 of the present invention returns a response signal all at once according to the set return time, and transmits a response signal at a different return timing (t lZt 2Zt 3) for each group. Congestion is avoided.
- the above-mentioned relative relationship can use the priority assigned to each slave terminal in addition to the master-slave relationship.
- the radio terminal 40 shown in FIG. 2 is assigned a one-wave radio link, the number of client terminals 21 is usually one. On the other hand, by connecting two or more client terminals 21 to one wireless terminal 40 and dividing each client terminal 21 in time, 30 client terminals 21 can be operated. .
- the grouping of the base stations 22 (2 2 ′) is performed based on the wireless terminal identification number, but the grouping can also be performed using the terminal identification number of the client terminal 21.
- the base station 22 (22 ′) transmits a confirmation request to the subordinate client terminal 21.
- the wireless terminal 40 bridges the confirmation request shown in FIG. 3 and transfers the pledged confirmation request to the client terminal 21 as it is.
- the AC / LLC controller 21c and the wired physical layer processor 21d of the client terminal 21 both perform lower-level protocol processing on the bridged confirmation request and process the processed confirmation request.
- the upper protocol processing unit 21a or the IP protocol processing unit 21b is notified.
- the client terminal 21 receives the confirmation request for itself.
- the client terminal 21 returns an acknowledgment to this confirmation request to the multicast router 10 side.
- the grouping processing section 23 of the base station 22 ′ shown in FIG. 18 can also assign the same response timing to all groups. Further, the grouping processing unit 23 can assign the same response timing to some of the groups, and can assign different response timings to other groups among all the groups. If the access method is CDMA, the base station 22 sets the number of wireless terminals 42 in each group within the allowable code multiplicity of the base station 22 itself, and the same response timing is applied to all groups. Can be assigned. The base station 22 'can also assign the same response timing to some groups, and assign different response timings to other groups for each group.
- a wireless terminal After a wireless base station of a wireless access network distributes data to a plurality of wireless terminals using broadcast z multicast communication, a wireless terminal It is possible to suppress the occurrence of congestion in the wireless access network in the uplink direction generated for the base station, to achieve effective use of wireless resources, to reduce the processing load on the wireless base station, and to avoid the occurrence of processing delay, A stable distribution service can be obtained.
- the present invention can be applied to MBMS using a broadcast-multicast communication scheme of a multimedia service for data that has undergone frame processing.
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JP2009055083A (ja) * | 2007-08-23 | 2009-03-12 | Toshiba Corp | 無線通信システム及びノードのグルーピング方法 |
JP2013013093A (ja) * | 2012-07-20 | 2013-01-17 | Thomson Licensing | Tcpackの管理によるlanにおけるスループット改善 |
JP2015220550A (ja) * | 2014-05-15 | 2015-12-07 | Kddi株式会社 | 通信システム、端末装置、通信方法及びコンピュータプログラム |
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JP2013013093A (ja) * | 2012-07-20 | 2013-01-17 | Thomson Licensing | Tcpackの管理によるlanにおけるスループット改善 |
JP2015220550A (ja) * | 2014-05-15 | 2015-12-07 | Kddi株式会社 | 通信システム、端末装置、通信方法及びコンピュータプログラム |
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