WO2005073184A1 - Composes derives de 1,3-diphenylprop-2-en-1-one, preparation et utilisations - Google Patents
Composes derives de 1,3-diphenylprop-2-en-1-one, preparation et utilisations Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2005073184A1 WO2005073184A1 PCT/FR2005/000040 FR2005000040W WO2005073184A1 WO 2005073184 A1 WO2005073184 A1 WO 2005073184A1 FR 2005000040 W FR2005000040 W FR 2005000040W WO 2005073184 A1 WO2005073184 A1 WO 2005073184A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- dimethylphenyl
- prop
- compound
- carboxydimethylmethyloxy
- hydroxy
- Prior art date
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- -1 1,3-diphenylprop-2-en-1-one derivative compounds Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 111
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims description 14
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000002537 cosmetic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 334
- HGINCPLSRVDWNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrolein Chemical compound C=CC=O HGINCPLSRVDWNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 48
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 36
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 claims description 20
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 14
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000001225 therapeutic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000007170 pathology Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 125000004434 sulfur atom Chemical group 0.000 claims description 12
- 208000024172 Cardiovascular disease Diseases 0.000 claims description 11
- 208000006673 asthma Diseases 0.000 claims description 11
- 206010012601 diabetes mellitus Diseases 0.000 claims description 11
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 11
- DQFBYFPFKXHELB-VAWYXSNFSA-N trans-chalcone Chemical class C=1C=CC=CC=1C(=O)\C=C\C1=CC=CC=C1 DQFBYFPFKXHELB-VAWYXSNFSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 10
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 9
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 claims description 9
- 125000004430 oxygen atom Chemical group O* 0.000 claims description 9
- 208000032928 Dyslipidaemia Diseases 0.000 claims description 8
- 208000008589 Obesity Diseases 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000020824 obesity Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000036542 oxidative stress Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 206010020772 Hypertension Diseases 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 201000004681 Psoriasis Diseases 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 208000035475 disorder Diseases 0.000 claims description 5
- 208000027866 inflammatory disease Diseases 0.000 claims description 5
- 208000011580 syndromic disease Diseases 0.000 claims description 5
- YZJHPDOUIGUCCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-[3-(2,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-oxoprop-1-enyl]-2,6-dimethyl-3-propan-2-yloxybenzoic acid Chemical compound COC1=C(C=C(C=C1)OC)C(C=CC1=C(C(=C(C(=C1)C)C(=O)O)C)OC(C)C)=O YZJHPDOUIGUCCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 208000002874 Acne Vulgaris Diseases 0.000 claims description 4
- 206010012438 Dermatitis atopic Diseases 0.000 claims description 4
- 206010000496 acne Diseases 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 201000008937 atopic dermatitis Diseases 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000000623 heterocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000009759 skin aging Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- IOXYBFKVJCXHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(2,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-(4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethylphenyl)prop-2-en-1-one Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(OC)C(C(=O)C=CC=2C=C(C)C(O)=C(C)C=2)=C1 IOXYBFKVJCXHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- MLNXZIPKXFVQSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(3-fluoro-4-methoxyphenyl)-3-(4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethylphenyl)prop-2-en-1-one Chemical compound C1=C(F)C(OC)=CC=C1C(=O)C=CC1=CC(C)=C(O)C(C)=C1 MLNXZIPKXFVQSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- XJTNFNPERFLFPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(4-bromophenyl)-3-(3,5-difluoro-4-hydroxyphenyl)prop-2-en-1-one Chemical compound C1=C(F)C(O)=C(F)C=C1C=CC(=O)C1=CC=C(Br)C=C1 XJTNFNPERFLFPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- FQBCNFWXCTYJTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-[4-(2-cyclohexylethoxy)-3,5-dimethylphenyl]-3-(4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethylphenyl)prop-2-en-1-one Chemical compound CC1=C(O)C(C)=CC(C=CC(=O)C=2C=C(C)C(OCCC3CCCCC3)=C(C)C=2)=C1 FQBCNFWXCTYJTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- TUQRZMCSNAVOQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-[4-(2-cyclohexylethoxy)phenyl]-3-(4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethylphenyl)prop-2-en-1-one Chemical compound CC1=C(O)C(C)=CC(C=CC(=O)C=2C=CC(OCCC3CCCCC3)=CC=2)=C1 TUQRZMCSNAVOQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- WGANMSWMGHTEJI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,6-dimethyl-4-[3-oxo-3-(2,3,4,5,6-pentamethylphenyl)prop-1-enyl]-3-propan-2-yloxybenzoic acid Chemical compound CC1=C(C(=C(C(=C1C)C)C)C)C(C=CC1=C(C(=C(C(=C1)C)C(=O)O)C)OC(C)C)=O WGANMSWMGHTEJI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- QKYXLSKXTQGCIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,6-dimethyl-4-[3-oxo-3-(4-phenoxyphenyl)prop-1-enyl]-3-propan-2-yloxybenzoic acid Chemical compound C1(=CC=CC=C1)OC1=CC=C(C=C1)C(C=CC1=C(C(=C(C(=C1)C)C(=O)O)C)OC(C)C)=O QKYXLSKXTQGCIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- RZHDVSWGAHATAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,6-dimethyl-4-[3-oxo-3-[4-(2-pentylsulfanylethoxy)phenyl]prop-1-enyl]-3-propan-2-yloxybenzoic acid Chemical compound C(CCCC)SCCOC1=CC=C(C=C1)C(C=CC1=C(C(=C(C(=C1)C)C(=O)O)C)OC(C)C)=O RZHDVSWGAHATAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- JPNPMEFSDBMGGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(3-fluoro-4-hydroxyphenyl)-1-(4-methylsulfanylphenyl)prop-2-en-1-one Chemical compound C1=CC(SC)=CC=C1C(=O)C=CC1=CC=C(O)C(F)=C1 JPNPMEFSDBMGGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- ZVQMDIITJRBZSO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethylphenyl)-1-(2,3,4,5,6-pentamethylphenyl)prop-2-en-1-one Chemical compound CC1=C(O)C(C)=CC(C=CC(=O)C=2C(=C(C)C(C)=C(C)C=2C)C)=C1 ZVQMDIITJRBZSO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
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- QZQAMBJPNMFNNK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cl.CC=1C=C(C=C(C1OCCN1CCOCC1)C)C(C=CC1=C(C(=C(C(=C1)C)C(=O)OCC)C)OC(C)C)=O Chemical compound Cl.CC=1C=C(C=C(C1OCCN1CCOCC1)C)C(C=CC1=C(C(=C(C(=C1)C)C(=O)OCC)C)OC(C)C)=O QZQAMBJPNMFNNK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
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- ZBDFHQYORKQJBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(4-hexylsulfanyl-3,5-dimethylphenyl)-3-(4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethylphenyl)prop-2-en-1-one Chemical compound C1=C(C)C(SCCCCCC)=C(C)C=C1C(=O)C=CC1=CC(C)=C(O)C(C)=C1 ZBDFHQYORKQJBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
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- UQOHVOXLYGWBKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(3,5-dibromo-4-hydroxyphenyl)-1-(4-methylsulfanylphenyl)prop-2-en-1-one Chemical compound C1=CC(SC)=CC=C1C(=O)C=CC1=CC(Br)=C(O)C(Br)=C1 UQOHVOXLYGWBKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
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- AHOZKQCGEXHOAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl 4-[3-[4-(2-cyclohexylsulfanylethoxy)phenyl]-3-oxoprop-1-enyl]-2,6-dimethyl-3-propan-2-yloxybenzoate Chemical compound C1(CCCCC1)SCCOC1=CC=C(C=C1)C(C=CC1=C(C(=C(C(=C1)C)C(=O)OC(C)(C)C)C)OC(C)C)=O AHOZKQCGEXHOAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002560 therapeutic procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003573 thiols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- 230000032258 transport Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009529 traumatic brain injury Effects 0.000 description 1
- YNJBWRMUSHSURL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trichloroacetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(Cl)(Cl)Cl YNJBWRMUSHSURL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001960 triggered effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 229940046009 vitamin E Drugs 0.000 description 1
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- 230000002747 voluntary effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C323/00—Thiols, sulfides, hydropolysulfides or polysulfides substituted by halogen, oxygen or nitrogen atoms, or by sulfur atoms not being part of thio groups
- C07C323/10—Thiols, sulfides, hydropolysulfides or polysulfides substituted by halogen, oxygen or nitrogen atoms, or by sulfur atoms not being part of thio groups containing thio groups and singly-bound oxygen atoms bound to the same carbon skeleton
- C07C323/11—Thiols, sulfides, hydropolysulfides or polysulfides substituted by halogen, oxygen or nitrogen atoms, or by sulfur atoms not being part of thio groups containing thio groups and singly-bound oxygen atoms bound to the same carbon skeleton having the sulfur atoms of the thio groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of the carbon skeleton
- C07C323/12—Thiols, sulfides, hydropolysulfides or polysulfides substituted by halogen, oxygen or nitrogen atoms, or by sulfur atoms not being part of thio groups containing thio groups and singly-bound oxygen atoms bound to the same carbon skeleton having the sulfur atoms of the thio groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of the carbon skeleton the carbon skeleton being acyclic and saturated
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A61P3/10—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism for glucose homeostasis for hyperglycaemia, e.g. antidiabetics
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- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C323/00—Thiols, sulfides, hydropolysulfides or polysulfides substituted by halogen, oxygen or nitrogen atoms, or by sulfur atoms not being part of thio groups
- C07C323/22—Thiols, sulfides, hydropolysulfides or polysulfides substituted by halogen, oxygen or nitrogen atoms, or by sulfur atoms not being part of thio groups containing thio groups and doubly-bound oxygen atoms bound to the same carbon skeleton
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C323/00—Thiols, sulfides, hydropolysulfides or polysulfides substituted by halogen, oxygen or nitrogen atoms, or by sulfur atoms not being part of thio groups
- C07C323/50—Thiols, sulfides, hydropolysulfides or polysulfides substituted by halogen, oxygen or nitrogen atoms, or by sulfur atoms not being part of thio groups containing thio groups and carboxyl groups bound to the same carbon skeleton
- C07C323/61—Thiols, sulfides, hydropolysulfides or polysulfides substituted by halogen, oxygen or nitrogen atoms, or by sulfur atoms not being part of thio groups containing thio groups and carboxyl groups bound to the same carbon skeleton having the sulfur atom of at least one of the thio groups bound to a carbon atom of a ring other than a six-membered aromatic ring of the carbon skeleton
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C59/00—Compounds having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms and containing any of the groups OH, O—metal, —CHO, keto, ether, groups, groups, or groups
- C07C59/40—Unsaturated compounds
- C07C59/76—Unsaturated compounds containing keto groups
- C07C59/90—Unsaturated compounds containing keto groups containing singly bound oxygen-containing groups
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D339/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing rings having two sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- C07D339/02—Five-membered rings
- C07D339/04—Five-membered rings having the hetero atoms in positions 1 and 2, e.g. lipoic acid
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C2601/00—Systems containing only non-condensed rings
- C07C2601/12—Systems containing only non-condensed rings with a six-membered ring
- C07C2601/14—The ring being saturated
Definitions
- the present invention relates to substituted 1,3-diphenylprop-2-en-1- one derivatives, the pharmaceutical and / or cosmetic compositions comprising them, their therapeutic and / or cosmetic applications, in particular in the fields of human health. and animal.
- the present invention also relates to a process for the preparation of these derivatives.
- the compounds according to the invention represent an advantageous therapeutic tool for the improvement of pathologies linked to dysregulations of the lipid and / or carbohydrate metabolism (hyperlipidemia, diabetes, obesity etc.) and can be used in particular for preventing or treating cardiovascular diseases (in particular coronary heart disease, cerebral ischemia and peripheral arterial diseases), dyslipidemia, pathologies associated with syndrome X, diabetes, obesity, hypertension, inflammatory diseases, dermatological diseases (psoriasis, atopic dermatitis, acne, etc.), asthma, disorders linked to oxidative stress, the effects of aging in general, for example skin aging, in particular in the cosmetic field (the appearance of wrinkles, etc.).
- cardiovascular diseases in particular coronary heart disease, cerebral ischemia and peripheral arterial diseases
- dyslipidemia pathologies associated with syndrome X
- diabetes obesity
- hypertension inflammatory diseases
- dermatological diseases psoriasis, atopic dermatitis, acne, etc.
- asthma disorders linked to oxidative stress
- the effects of aging in general for example
- the compounds according to the invention are capable of exerting a prophylactic activity in terms of neuroprotection, and also of ensuring active neuroprotection in the acute phase of ischemic cerebral accidents, which constitute one of the major complications of cardiovascular affections.
- the compounds according to the invention allow a reduction in the overall cardiovascular risk.
- Coronary heart disease, cerebral ischemia and peripheral arterial diseases constitute the main cardiovascular diseases according to the International Atherosclerosis Society (Harmonized Clinical Guidelines on Prévention of Atherosclerotic Vascular Disease, 2003). Cardiovascular disease today represents one of the major causes of death in adults in most developed countries and in some developing countries. Among cardiovascular disease, cerebrovascular disease is the 3rd cause of death and the 1st cause of disability in adults. The need for effective treatment and / or prevention strategies against these pathologies has become a global emergency. Dyslipidemia (hypercholesterolemia, hypertriglyceridemia), diabetes and hypertension are among the clearly identified cardiovascular risk factors (IAS, 2003). It also seems that insufficient protection of lipoproteins against oxidation is an identified risk factor.
- the compounds according to the invention are activators PPAR (Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor) and that they therefore represent an advantageous therapeutic tool.
- PPARs are associated with the metabolism of lipids and glucose.
- the activators of PPARs for example fibrates, make it possible to regulate plasma cholesterol as well as the concentration of triglycerides via the activation of PPAR ⁇ (Hourton, Delerive et al. 2001). Treatment with fibrates leads to increased fatty acid oxidation in the liver. They also reduce the synthesis and expression of triglycerides (Staels and Auwerx 1998).
- PPAR ⁇ activators are also able to correct hyperglycemia as well as the concentration of insulin. Fibrates also decrease the mass of adipose tissue thanks to a mechanism independent of food intake and expression of the gene encoding leptin (Guerre-Millo, Gervois et al. 2000). The therapeutic value of PPAR ⁇ agonists has been widely studied in the treatment of type II diabetes (Spiegelman 1998). PPAR ⁇ agonists have been shown to restore the insulin sensitivity of target tissues as well as reduce plasma glucose, lipid and insulin levels in both animal models of type II diabetes and in humans (Ram 2003).
- PPARs by ligands also intervenes in the regulation of the expression of genes participating in processes such as inflammation, angiogenesis, cell proliferation and differentiation, apoptosis and the activities of iNOS, MMPase and TIMPs.
- the activation of PPAR ⁇ in keratinocytes leads to a arrest of their proliferation and of the expression of genes involved in cell differentiation ( Komuves, Hanley et al. 2000).
- the activation of PPARs has also been shown to interfere with the differentiation, maturation, migration and immunogenicity of dendritic cells, which are the most powerful antigen presenting cells (Gosset et al. 2001; Nencioni et al 2002; Angeli et al. 2003).
- PPARs have anti-inflammatory properties because they negatively interfere with transcription mechanisms involving other transcription factors such as NF-kB or transcription activators (STAT) and AP-1 (Desvergne and Wahli 1999). These anti-inflammatory and anti-proliferative properties make PPARs therapeutic targets of interest for the treatment of diseases such as vascular occlusive diseases (atherosclerosis, etc.), cerebral ischemia, hypertension, diseases linked to neo -vascularisation (diabetic retinopathies, etc.), inflammatory diseases (Bowel's disease, psoriasis, etc.), asthma and neoplastic diseases (carcinogenesis, etc.). In addition, the compounds according to the invention have the advantage of being antioxidants.
- diseases such as vascular occlusive diseases (atherosclerosis, etc.), cerebral ischemia, hypertension, diseases linked to neo -vascularisation (diabetic retinopathies, etc.), inflammatory diseases (Bowel's disease, psoria
- ROS reactive oxygen species
- ROS is done via an antioxidant system comprising an enzymatic component (superoxide dismutase, catalase and gluthation peroxidase) and a non-enzymatic component essentially carotenoids, vitamin C and vitamin E (Gilgun-Sherki, Melamed et al. 2001).
- Inflammatory cytokines in atheromatous plaque including interleukin I, tumor necrosis factor (TNF- ⁇ and the surface counterpart of TNF ⁇ called CD-40 ligand), lead to production by macrophages and smooth muscle cells enzymes that can weaken the extracellular matrix. Cracking of the shell can result in occlusive thrombosis.
- the compounds according to the invention are also advantageous therapeutic tools for the treatment and / or prevention of cerebral ischemia due to their pharmacological and in particular anti-inflammatory properties.
- the first event of cerebral ischemia occurs within the first few hours, and consists of a massive release of glutamate which results in neuronal depolarization as well as cellular edema.
- the entry of calcium into the cell induces mitochondrial damage promoting the release of free radicals as well as the induction of enzymes which cause the membrane degradation of neurons.
- the entry of calcium and the production of free radicals in turn activate certain transcription factors, such as NF- ⁇ B.
- This activation induces inflammatory processes such as the induction of adhesion proteins at the endothelial level, the infiltration of the ischemic focus by neutrophils, microglial activation, the induction of enzymes such as nitric oxide (NO) synthase type II or type II cyclooxygenase.
- NO nitric oxide
- the compounds of the present invention interfere with the differentiation and maturation of these dendritic cells and inhibit the migration of these cells to secondary lymphoid organs.
- the compounds according to the invention have a reduced capacity to induce the proliferation of naive CD4 + T cells. The compounds according to the invention therefore interfere with the initiation of the immune response and therefore represent an advantageous therapeutic tool for the treatment of asthma.
- the present invention relates to new substituted 1,3-diphenylprop-2-en-1-one derivatives, pharmaceutical and / or cosmetic compositions comprising them, their applications in therapy and / or in cosmetics, in particular in the fields of health. human and animal.
- the present invention also relates to a process for the preparation of these derivatives.
- the inventors have surprisingly demonstrated that the compounds according to the invention have an agonist PPAR activity and antioxidant properties.
- the compounds according to the invention are therefore capable of interfering with at least two signaling pathways which are activated in particular during inflammation: the production of cytokines as well as the production of free radicals.
- the compounds according to the invention represent an advantageous therapeutic and / or cosmetic means for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases, pathologies associated with syndrome X, dyslipidemias, diabetes, obesity, hypertension, inflammatory diseases, dermatological diseases (psoriasis, atopic dermatitis, acne, etc.), asthma, disorders linked to oxidative stress, aging in general, for example skin aging, in particular in the cosmetic field ( appearance of wrinkles, etc.).
- the compounds according to the invention are capable of exerting a prophylactic activity in terms of neuroprotection, and also of ensuring active neuroprotection in the acute phase of ischemic strokes.
- the compounds according to the invention represent an advantageous therapeutic tool for preventing and / or treating several cardiovascular risk factors linked to dysregulations of the lipid and / or carbohydrate metabolism (hyperlipidemia, diabetes, obesity, etc.). They reduce the overall risk.
- the present invention therefore aims to provide new derivatives of 1, 3-diphenylprop-2-en-1-one having an improved formula and satisfactory therapeutic efficacy.
- the compounds of formula (I) are as defined above and exclude the compounds of formula (I) for which simultaneously: "the groups Xi, X2 and X simultaneously represent a hydrogen atom," and one of the groups X 3 or X 5 represents a hydrogen atom or a halogen or an alkyl radical or an alkyloxy radical or an alkylthio radical or a hydroxyl group or a thiol group or a thionitroso group.
- a particular object of the invention relates to the compounds of general formula (la) which correspond to the compounds of general formula (I) in which Xi and X 5 are hydrogen atoms.
- the present invention relates to compounds of general formula (Ib) which correspond to the compounds of general formula (I) in which X 2 and X 4 are alkyl radicals and more advantageously in which Xi and X 5 are atoms 'hydrogen.
- a particular subject of the invention relates to the compounds of general formula (Ic) which are compounds of general formula (I) in which Xi, X 3 and X 4 are alkyl radicals.
- Another particular subject of the invention relates to the compounds of general formula (Id) which are compounds of general formula (I) in which Xi, X 2 ,
- X 4 and X 5 are hydrogen atoms.
- Another subject of the invention relates to the compounds of general formula (II) which are compounds of general formula (I) in which X 6 and X 8 are alkyl radicals. Even more preferably, the compounds of general formula (II) are those in which X 1 and X 5 are hydrogen atoms and advantageously in which X 2 and X 4 are alkyl radicals.
- Another particular subject of the invention relates to the compounds of general formula (II) in which Xi, X 3 , X 4 , X 6 and X 8 are alkyl radicals.
- Another particular subject of the invention relates to the compounds of general formula (II) in which e and Xs are alkyl radicals and Xi, X 2 , X 4 and X 5 are hydrogen atoms.
- the compounds of formula (I) are as defined above with X 3 which represents a halogen atom or a thionitroso group or corresponds to the formula (Gj-Rj) n -G 'j-R'i as defined previously, in which G'i represents an oxygen atom or a sulfur atom.
- the present invention also includes optical and geometric isomers, racemates, tautomers, salts, hydrates and mixtures of the compounds according to the invention.
- the present invention also preferably includes the prodrugs of the compounds according to the invention, which, after administration in a subject, transform into compounds according to the invention and / or the metabolites of the compounds according to the invention which exhibit therapeutic activities comparable to compounds according to the invention.
- At least one of the groups Gi or G'i represents a sulfur atom with i being able to take one of the values 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 or 8.
- alkyl designates a saturated, linear, branched or cyclic hydrocarbon radical, halogenated or not, more particularly having from 1 to 24, preferably 1 to 10, carbon atoms such as methyl, ethyl, propyl , isopropyl, n-butyl, isobutyl, tertiobutyl, pentyl, neopentyl, n-hexyl or cyclohexyl. Groups having one or two carbon atoms or having two to seven carbon atoms are particularly preferred. Methyl and ethyl groups are very particularly preferred.
- alkenyl denotes an unsaturated, linear, branched or cyclic hydrocarbon radical, halogenated or not, more particularly having from 1 to 24, preferably 1 to 10, carbon atoms.
- aryl denotes an aromatic hydrocarbon radical substituted or not, in particular substituted by at least one halogen atom, an alkyl, hydroxyl, thiol, alkyloxy, alkylthio, oxime or thionitroso radical. Phenyl groups are very particularly preferred.
- heterocycle designates a saturated or unsaturated or aromatic cyclic radical comprising one or more heteroatoms, such as nitrogen, sulfur and oxygen.
- heterocycles such as dithiolanes, pyridine, furan, thiophene or morpholine are particularly preferred.
- the piperidine and piperazine heterocycles are advantageously substituted by at least one alkyl group as defined above.
- thionitroso refers to a nitroso group linked to the aromatic cycle via a sulfur atom.
- alkyloxy refers to an alkyl chain linked to the ring through an oxygen atom. The alkyl chain meets the definition previously stated.
- alkylthio refers to an alkyl chain linked to the aromatic ring via a sulfur atom (thioether bond).
- the alkyl chain meets the definition previously stated.
- the halogen atom represents a chlorine, bromine, iodine or fluorine atom.
- the present invention also relates to a process for the preparation of the compounds of formula (I).
- the process of the present invention comprises bringing into contact in basic medium or in acid medium at least one compound of formula (A) with at least one compound of formula (B), the formulas (A) and (B) being :
- X 7 can also represent a hydroxyl or thiol group.
- the conditions for carrying out this reaction in an acid medium or basic are within the reach of those skilled in the art and can vary to a large extent.
- the contacting of these two compounds is advantageously carried out in a stoichiometric manner. It is preferably carried out at room temperature (between about 18 ° C and 25 ° C) and at atmospheric pressure.
- the reaction is preferably carried out in the presence of a base, such as an alkali metal hydroxide, such as sodium hydroxide or an alkali metal alcoholate such as sodium ethylate.
- a base such as an alkali metal hydroxide, such as sodium hydroxide or an alkali metal alcoholate such as sodium ethylate.
- reaction is preferably carried out in the presence of a strong acid, such as hydrochloric acid.
- reaction scheme can be represented as follows
- the synthesis in basic medium can be carried out as follows: The ketone (compound (A)) at 1 molar equivalent and the aldehyde (compound (B)) at 1 molar equivalent are dissolved in an hydroalcoholic hydroxide solution sodium at 20 molar equivalents. The whole is stirred for about 18 hours at room temperature (between 18 and 25 ° C). The medium is then acidified (in particular to reach a pH of around 2), in particular with hydrochloric acid.
- the expected substituted 1,3-diphenylprop-2-en-1-one can be obtained by precipitation or solid / liquid extraction after evaporation of the reaction medium. It can then be purified by chromatography on silica gel or by recrystallization.
- the synthesis in an acid medium can be carried out as follows: The ketone (compound (A)) at 1 molar equivalent and the aldehyde (compound (B)) at 1 molar equivalent are dissolved in a saturated ethanol solution gaseous hydrochloric acid. The whole is stirred at room temperature for about 6 hours, the solvent is removed, in particular by evaporation under reduced pressure. The substituted 1,3-diphenylprop-2-en-1-one is purified, in particular by chromatography on silica gel.
- the process for preparing the compounds of formula (I) makes it possible to prepare compounds called below intermediate compounds.
- the present invention also relates to certain raw materials and intermediate compounds obtained in the context of the present invention.
- the present invention also relates to the compounds of general formula (I) as described above, as medicaments.
- the present invention also relates to a pharmaceutical and / or cosmetic composition
- a pharmaceutical and / or cosmetic composition comprising, in a pharmaceutically and / or cosmetically acceptable carrier, at least one compound of general formula (I) as described above, optionally in combination with another therapeutic and / or cosmetic active ingredient. It is advantageously a pharmaceutical and / or cosmetic composition for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases, dyslipidemias, pathologies associated with syndrome X, diabetes, obesity, hypertension, inflammatory diseases, diseases dermatological
- the pharmaceutical and / or cosmetic compositions according to the invention are capable of exerting a prophylactic activity in terms of neuroprotection, and also make it possible to ensure active neuroprotection in the acute phase of ischemic strokes.
- a pharmaceutical and / or cosmetic composition for preventing and / or treating the appearance of several cardiovascular risk factors linked to dysregulations of the lipid and / or carbohydrate metabolism (hyperlipidemia, diabetes, obesity etc.) by reducing the overall risk.
- the invention also relates to the use of at least one compound of formula
- compositions according to the invention advantageously comprise one or more excipients or vehicles, acceptable from the pharmaceutical point of view. Mention may be made, for example, of saline, physiological, isotonic, buffered solutions, etc., compatible with pharmaceutical use and known to those skilled in the art.
- compositions may contain one or more agents or vehicles chosen from dispersants, solubilizers, stabilizers, preservatives, etc.
- Agents or vehicles usable in formulations are in particular methylcellulose, hydroxymethylcellulose, carboxymethylcellulose, polysorbate 80, mannitol, gelatin, lactose, vegetable oils, acacia, etc.
- the compositions can be formulated as injectable suspensions, gels, oils, tablets, suppositories, powders, capsules, capsules, etc., optionally by means of dosage forms or devices ensuring prolonged and / or delayed release.
- an agent such as cellulose, carbonates or aids is advantageously used.
- the compounds or compositions according to the invention can be administered in different ways and in different forms.
- they can be injected orally or systemically, such as for example intravenously, intramuscularly, subcutaneously, trans-dermal, intra-arterial, etc.
- the compounds are generally packaged in the form of liquid suspensions, which can be injected using syringes or infusions, for example.
- the flow rate and / or the dose injected can be adapted by a person skilled in the art depending on the patient, the pathology, the mode of administration, etc.
- the compounds are administered at doses which can vary between 1 ⁇ g and 2 g / administration, preferably from 0.1 mg to 1 g / administration.
- the administrations can be daily or repeated several times a day, if necessary.
- the compositions according to the invention can also comprise other agents or active principles.
- FIG. 1a represents the antioxidant nature of compound 2 (Cpd 2) according to the invention tested at the concentration of 10 ⁇ M.
- FIG. 1a represents the kinetics of formation of conjugated dienes over time.
- the Lag-Phase is 120 minutes when the LDL are incubated with copper alone. This period is 314 minutes when the medium also contains compound 2.
- FIG. 1b illustrates the speed of formation of the dienes. This is 1.8 nmol / min / mg LDL in the presence of copper alone, it is no more than 0.1 nmol / min / mg LDL when compound 2 is present in the medium.
- FIG. 1c represents the maximum quantity of dienes formed during the experiment. Copper alone induces the formation of 372 nmol / mg of conjugated dienes, this amount is 35 nmol / mg when the medium also contains compound 2, which represents a 90% decrease in the amount of dienes formed.
- Figures 2a, 2b. 2c illustrate the antioxidant nature of compound 4 (Cpd 4), compound 6 (Cpd 6) and compound 8 (Cpd 8) according to the invention tested at the concentration of lO ⁇ M.
- FIG. 2a represents the kinetics of formation of conjugated dienes.
- the Lag-Phase is 132 minutes when the LDL are incubated with copper alone.
- the value of the lag phase is respectively 401, 205 and 169 minutes in the presence of compounds 4, 6 and 8.
- FIG. 2b represents the calculation of the speed of formation of the dienes.
- the rate of formation of copper-conjugated dienes is 2.2 nmol / min / mg LDL.
- the presence of compounds 4, 6 and 8 causes a decrease in the speed of the oxidation reaction of the dienes. It is 0.2 nmol / min / mg in the presence of compound 4 and 1.7 nmol / min / mg in the presence of compound 6 or of compound 8.
- the total amount of dienes formed (FIG.
- the Fi g ure 3a illustrates the antioxidant character of compound 11 (Cpd 11) according to the invention.
- the antioxidant nature of compound 11 has been demonstrated for different concentrations between 10 "6 M and 3.5.10 " 5 M.
- the lag-phase is 87.2 minutes. From the concentration of 10 "6 M, there is an increase in the lag phase compared to the control: The lag phase is 101.5 minutes in the presence of compound 11 at the concentration of 10 " 6 M. It increases with the concentration compound in the medium to reach the maximum value observed: 210 minutes at a concentration of 3.3.10 "5 M.
- FIG. 4a represents the antioxidant nature of compound 19 (Cpd 19) and compound 23 (Cpd 23) according to the invention tested at the concentration of lO ⁇ M.
- FIG. 4a represents the kinetics of formation of conjugated dienes.
- the Lag-Phase is 61 minutes in the presence of copper alone. In the presence of the compound
- the antioxidant nature of compounds 19 and 23 also results in a reduction in the speed of formation of dienes and in a reduction in the total amount of dienes formed.
- the rate of formation of the dienes is 1.9 nmol / min / mg of LDL (FIG. 4b). It is respectively 1, 6 and 1.3 nmol / min / mg of LDL in the presence of compounds 19 and 23.
- the total amount of dienes formed is 370.9 nmol / mg of LDL ( figure 4c). It is respectively 346.6 and 340.3 nmol / mg of LDL in the presence of compounds 19 and 23.
- Figures 5a. 5b. 5c illustrate the antioxidant nature of compound 25 (Cpd 25), compound 27 (Cpd 27), compound 29 (Cpd 29) and compound 31 (Cpd 31) according to the invention tested at the concentration of 10 ⁇ M.
- Figure 5a shows the kinetics of LDL oxidation in the presence of different compounds: it increases in the presence of different antioxidant compounds. It is 54.9 minutes in the presence of compound 29. It increases to 87.6 minutes in the presence of compound 25, 124.5 minutes in the presence of compound 31 and reaches 170.8 minutes in the presence of compound 27.
- the LDL oxidation rate is 2 nmol / min / mg LDL in the absence of compounds ( Figure 5b).
- the presence of the compounds induces a reduction in the oxidation rate.
- the speed is 1.6 nmol / min / mg in the presence of compound 25 and 1.4 nmol / min / mg in the presence of compound 31. This speed is minimal in the presence of compound 27 and reaches 0.8 nmol / min / mg.
- the total amount of dienes formed is 386 nmol / mg of LDL in the absence of compounds (FIG. 5c). It is 374 nmol / mg in the presence of compound 27, it is 365 nmol / mg in the presence of compound 25 and 352 nmol / mg in the presence of compound 31.
- Figures ⁇ a. 6b. 6c illustrate the antioxidant nature of compound 37 (Cpd 37) according to the invention tested at the concentration of lO ⁇ M.
- Figure 6a shows the oxidation kinetics of LDL.
- the presence of the compound in the medium results in an increase in the lag-phase. It reaches 106 minutes in the presence of compound 37 while it is only 56 minutes in the absence of compound.
- the decrease in the rate of LDL oxidation and the decrease in the amount of dienes formed also testify to the antioxidant nature of the compound tested.
- the oxidation rate is 2 nmol / min / mg of LDL
- the total amount of dienes formed is 360.0 nmol / mg of LDL.
- the presence of compound 37 it is no more than 326.9 nmol / mg of LDL (FIG. 6c).
- FIGS 7a. 7b. 7c illustrate the antioxidant nature of compound 13 (Cpd
- Figure 7a shows the oxidation kinetics of LDL.
- the lag-phase is 67.3 minutes. It increases in the presence of the various compounds. This value is 100 minutes in the presence of compound 41, 126.5 minutes in the presence of compound 47, 148 minutes in the presence of compound 33 and 219 minutes in the presence of compound 13.
- the presence of the compounds in the medium also has an influence on the oxidation rate of LDL and the total amount of dienes formed.
- Compounds 13 and 33 cause a significant decrease in the oxidation rate of the dienes (Figure 7b).
- the oxidation rate of the dienes is 2.5 nmol / min / mg of LDL in the absence of compounds. It is 1, 5 and
- FIGS 8a. 8b. 8c illustrate the antioxidant nature of compound 17 (Cpd 17), compound 21 (Cpd 21), compound 39 (Cpd 39) and compound 43 (Cpd 43) according to the invention tested at the concentration of 10 "4 M.
- the kinetics of LDL oxidation is shown in Figure 8a.
- the lag phase In the absence of compound, the lag phase is 67.3 minutes. It increases in the presence of compounds 17, 39 and 43. In the presence of compound 43, the lag phase is 97 minutes. In the presence of compound 17, it is 148 minutes and in the presence of compound 39, it is 133 minutes.
- Figure 8b shows the LDL oxidation rate. In the absence of compound it is 2.5 nmol / min / mg. In the presence of compound 17, it is 1.8 nmol / min / mg In the presence of compound 39, it is 1.2 nmol / min / mg and in the presence of compound 43, it is 2.2 nmol / min / mg.
- FIG. 8c represents the total quantity of dienes formed during the oxidation.
- Figures 9a and 9b illustrate the evaluation of the agonist properties PPAR ⁇ and PPAR ⁇ of the compounds according to the invention with the transactivation system PPAR ⁇ / Gal4 and PPAR ⁇ / Gal4 in RK13 cells.
- the RK13 cells are incubated with compound 2 at concentrations of between 0.01 and 10 ⁇ M for 24 hours.
- the results are represented by the induction factor (ratio between the luminescent signal obtained with the compound and the luminescent signal obtained without the compound) according to the different treatments. The higher the induction factor, the better the agonist property for PPAR ⁇ or PPAR ⁇ .
- the results presented in FIG. 9a show the induction factors of compound 2 with the PPAR ⁇ / Gal4 transactivation system. The values of these induction factors are noted in the following table.
- the induction factor measured with compound 2 is maximum for the dose of 10 ⁇ M and reaches the value of 18.49.
- the induction factor varies from 1.31 to 31.00, it increases with the concentration of compound 2 in the medium.
- 15b. 15c. 16a. 17a. 18a. 18b illustrate the evaluation of the agonist properties PPAR ⁇ , PPAR ⁇ and PPAR ⁇ of the compounds according to the invention with the transactivation system PPAR ⁇ / Gal4, PPAR ⁇ / Gal4 and PPAR ⁇ / Gal4 in COS-7 cells.
- COS-7 cells are incubated with the compounds according to the invention at different concentrations for 24 hours. The results are represented by the induction factor (ratio between the luminescent signal obtained with the compound and the luminescent signal obtained without the compound) according to the different treatments.
- FIG. 10a illustrates the induction factors of compound 4 (Cpd4), compound 6 (Cpd6) and compound 8 (Cpd8) according to the invention.
- the results presented in FIG. 10a show the induction factors of compound 4 (Cpd4), compound 6 (Cpd6) and compound 8 (Cpd ⁇ ) with the PPAR ⁇ / Gal4 transactivation system.
- the values of these induction factors are noted in the following table:
- the maximum induction factor measured for compound 4 is 9.92 to 10 ⁇ M.
- Compound 4 has a maximum induction factor of 5.82, it is observed for a concentration of 10 ⁇ M.
- the maximum value of the induction factor observed with compound 6 is 6.83 (10 ⁇ M) with compound 6 and 2.74 with compound 8 (10 ⁇ M).
- FIGS 11a. 11b and 11c illustrate the induction factors of compound 13 according to the invention (Cpd 13).
- Figure 11a illustrates the induction factors of compound 13 with the PPAR ⁇ / Gal4 transactivation system. The values of these induction factors are noted in the following table.
- Figure 11b illustrates the induction factors of compound 13 with the PPAR ⁇ / Gal4 transactivation system. The values of these induction factors are noted in the following table.
- Figure 11c illustrates the induction factors of compound 13 with the PPAR ⁇ / Gal4 transactivation system. The values of these induction factors are noted in the following table.
- FIGS 12a and 12b illustrate the induction factors of compound 23 according to the invention (Cpd23).
- Figure 12a illustrates the induction factors of compound 23 with the PPAR ⁇ / Gal4 transactivation system. The values of these induction factors are noted in the following table.
- the maximum value is 8.35, it is observed from the concentration of 1 ⁇ M.
- Figure 12b illustrates the induction factors of compound 23 with the PPAR ⁇ / Gal4 transactivation system. The values of these induction factors are noted in the following table.
- the maximum value is 7.24, it is observed from the concentration of 1 ⁇ M.
- FIGS 13a and 13b illustrate the induction factors of compound 29 according to the invention (Cpd29).
- Figure 13a illustrates the induction factors of compound 29 with the PPAR ⁇ / Gal4 transactivation system. The values of these induction factors are noted in the following table.
- Figure 13b illustrates the induction factors of compound 29 with the PPAR ⁇ / Gal4 transactivation system. The values of these induction factors are noted in the following table.
- the maximum value is 87.56, it is observed at a concentration of 10 ⁇ M.
- Figures 14a, 14b and 14c illustrate the induction factors of compound 31 according to the invention (Cpd31).
- Figure 14a illustrates the induction factors of compound 31 with the PPAR ⁇ / Gal4 transactivation system. The values of these induction factors are noted in the following table.
- Figure 14b illustrates the induction factors of compound 31 with the PPAR ⁇ / Gal4 transactivation system. The values of these induction factors are noted in the following table.
- Figure 14c illustrates the induction factors of compound 31 with the PPAR ⁇ / Gal4 transactivation system. The values of these induction factors are noted in the following table.
- the maximum value is 11.70, it is observed for the concentration of 10 ⁇ M.
- FIGS 15a. 15b and 15c illustrate the induction factors of compound 33 according to the invention (Cpd33).
- Figure 15a illustrates the induction factors of compound 33 with the PPAR ⁇ / Gal4 transactivation system. The values of these induction factors are noted in the following table.
- Figure 15b illustrates the induction factors of compound 33 with the PPAR ⁇ / Gal4 transactivation system. The values of these induction factors are noted in the following table.
- FIG. 15c illustrates the induction factors of compound 33 with the PPAR ⁇ / Gal4 transactivation system. The values of these induction factors are noted in the following table.
- the maximum value is 90.84, it is observed from the concentration of 3 ⁇ M.
- Figure 16a illustrates the induction factors of compound 35 according to the invention
- Figure 16a illustrates the induction factors of compound 35 with the PPAR ⁇ / Gal4 transactivation system. The values of these induction factors are noted in the following table.
- the maximum value is 24.33, it is observed from the concentration of 1 ⁇ M.
- Figure 17a illustrates the induction factors of compound 37 according to the invention (Cpd37) with the PPAR ⁇ / Gal4 transactivation system.
- the maximum value is 19.77, it is observed from the concentration of 1 ⁇ M.
- FIGS 18a and 18b illustrate the induction factors of compound 39 according to the invention (Cpd39).
- Figure 18a illustrates the induction factors of compound 39 with the PPAR ⁇ / Gal4 transactivation system. The values of these induction factors are noted in the following table.
- Figure 18b illustrates the induction factors of compound 39 with the PPAR ⁇ / Gal4 transactivation system. The values of these induction factors are noted in the following table.
- the maximum value is 4.86, it is observed from the concentration of 0.3 ⁇ M.
- FIGs 19a. 19b. 19c. 19d. 20a. 20b. 20c and 20d are shown the effects of treatment with compound 2 (Cpd2), compound 13 (Cpd13), compound 33 (Cpd33) and compound 39 (Cpd39) on the metabolism of triglycerides and cholesterol in Apo E2 / E2 transgenic mice.
- the animals were treated by gavage with 50 mg of compound per kg and per day, for 7 days.
- Figures 19a and 19b show the decrease in plasma triglyceride and cholesterol levels induced by compound 2.
- Figures 20a and 20b show the decrease in plasma triglyceride and cholesterol levels induced by compounds 13, 33 and 39.
- Figures 19c and 19d show the distribution of triglycerides and cholesterol in lipoparticles evaluated by exclusion chromatography induced by treatment with compound 2.
- FIGS. 20c and 20d show the distributions of triglycerides and cholesterol in the lipoparticles evaluated by exclusion chromatography induced by the treatment with compounds 13, 33 and 39.
- a typical distribution of triglycerides and cholesterol is observed, mainly located in the lipoparticles. large size.
- Figure 21 illustrates the interference of the compounds according to the invention with the differentiation of dendritic cells.
- CD86 coupled to PE PhysicalErythrine
- Figure 22 illustrates the interference of the compounds according to the invention with the maturation of the dendritic cells induced by LPS (LipoPolySaccharide).
- LPS LipoPolySaccharide
- FIG. 23 illustrates a Mixed Lymphocyte Reaction (MLR) carried out in the presence of increasing quantities of dendritic cells treated or not treated with compound 31 and incubated with naive CD4 + T cells for 7 days.
- MLR Mixed Lymphocyte Reaction
- the compounds of the invention are prepared according to the general methods described below.
- ketone (1 eq) and the aldehyde (1 eq) are dissolved in a hydroalcoholic solution of sodium hydroxide (20 eq). The whole is stirred for 18 hours at room temperature.
- 1,3-diphenylprop-2-en-1-one is obtained by precipitation or liquid solid extraction after evaporation of the reaction medium. It is purified by chromatography on silica gel or by recrystallization.
- the sodium (1 eq) is dissolved in absolute ethanol.
- the ketone (1 eq) and the aldehyde (1 eq) are added.
- the whole is kept under stirring at temperature ambient for 12 hours then a 2N sodium hydroxide solution (5 eq) is added.
- the whole is maintained at 100 ° C for 12 hours.
- the reaction medium is acidified by addition of an aqueous solution of 6N hydrochloric acid.
- the solvent is removed by evaporation under reduced pressure.
- the residue is purified by chromatography on silica gel or by recrystallization.
- Phenol (1 eq) or thiophenol (1 eq) is dissolved in acetonitrile, the halogen derivative (1 to 10 eq) and potassium carbonate (5 eq) are added.
- the reaction medium is maintained for approximately 10 hours with vigorous stirring at reflux.
- the salts are removed by filtration, the solvent and the excess reagent are removed by evaporation under reduced pressure, the expected product is purified by chromatography on silica gel.
- the tert-butyl ester (1 eq) is dissolved in dichloromethane and then trifluoroacetic acid (10 eq) is added. The whole is kept for 12 hours with stirring at room temperature. The product formed is purified by chromatography on silica gel or by recrystallization.
- Raw material 1 4 '- (Bromoéthyloxy) acetophenone
- Raw material 2 4 '- (Pentylthioethyloxy) acetophenone
- the raw material 1 (1 eq) and the penthanethiol (1 eq) are dissolved in methanol in the presence of triethylamine (2 eq).
- the reaction medium is maintained at reflux for 18 hours, the solvent is removed by evaporation under reduced pressure.
- the oil is taken up in ethyl acetate, washed with an aqueous solution of 2N hydrochloric acid.
- the 4 '- (pentylthioethyloxy) acetophenone is obtained after purification on silica gel (elution: cyclohexane-ethyl acetate: 9-1).
- This compound is synthesized from 4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethylbenzaldehyde and tert-butyl bromoisobutyrate according to the general method 4. Purification by chromatography on silica gel (elution: cyclohexane-ethyl acetate: 8-2). 1 H NMR CDCI3 ⁇ ppm: 1.43 (s, 6H), 1.49 (s, 9H), 2.28 (s, 6H), 7.53 (s, 2H), 9.88 (s, 1 H )
- 2,6-Dimethylphenol (1éq) is dissolved in methylene chloride, the solution is cooled to 0 ° C and then aluminum chloride (3éq) and acetyl bromide (2éq) are added. The whole is stirred for 3 hours at room temperature, then poured onto ice. The aqueous phase is extracted with dichloromethane, the organic phase is washed with water until neutral, dried over magnesium sulfate and then the solvent is removed by evaporation under reduced pressure. The intermediate ester obtained is purified by chromatography on silica gel (eluent: cyclohexane-ethyl acetate: 9-1) and then taken up in a 2N aqueous sodium hydroxide solution (2.5 eq).
- This compound is synthesized from 4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethylbenzaldehyde and tert-butyl bromoisobutyrate according to the general method 4. Purification by chromatography on silica gel (elution: cyclohexane-ethyl acetate: 8-2). 1 H NMR CDCI 3 ⁇ ppm: 1.43 (s, 6H), 1.49 (s, 9H), 2.28 (s, 6H), 7.53 (s, 2H), 9.88 (s, 1H )
- 2,6-Dimethylphenol (1éq) is dissolved in methylene chloride, the solution is cooled to 0 ° C and then aluminum chloride (3éq) and acetyl bromide (2éq) are added. The whole is stirred for 3 hours at room temperature, then poured onto ice. The aqueous phase is extracted with dichloromethane, the organic phase is washed with water until neutral, dried over magnesium sulfate and then the solvent is removed by evaporation under reduced pressure. The intermediate ester obtained is purified by chromatography on silica gel (eluent: cyclohexane-ethyl acetate: 9-1) and then taken up in a 2N aqueous sodium hydroxide solution (2.5 eq).
- This compound is synthesized from 4'-hydroxyacetophenone and (R, S) -5- [1, 2] dithiolan-3-ylpentanol according to the general method 5 previously described. Purification by chromatography on silica gel (elution: cyclohexane-ethyl acetate: 95-5).
- This compound is synthesized from 4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethylbenzaldehyde and
- Raw material 7 4 '- (Cyclohexylethyl) acetophenone
- This compound is synthesized from 4'-hydroxyacetophenone and 2-cyclohexylethanol according to the general method 5 previously described.
- Raw material 8 2,6-Dimethylthioanisole
- This compound is synthesized from 2,6-dimethylthiophenol and methyl iodide according to the general method 4 previously described.
- Raw material 9 3 ', 5'-Dimethyl-4'-methylthioacetophenone
- the raw material 8 (1 eq) is dissolved in methylene chloride, the solution is cooled to 0 ° C. and then aluminum chloride (2.5 eq) and acetyl bromide (2 eq) are added. The whole is stirred for 72 hours at room temperature, then poured onto ice. The aqueous phase is extracted with dichloromethane, the organic phase is washed with water until neutral, dried over magnesium sulfate and then the solvent is removed by evaporation under reduced pressure.
- This compound is synthesized from the raw material 4 and methyl iodide according to the general method 4 previously described.
- This compound is synthesized from the raw material 4 and 2-cyclohexylethanol according to the general method 5 previously described.
- Raw material 12 4 '- (Bromoethyloxy) -3', 5'-dimethylacetophenone
- This compound is synthesized from the raw material 4 and dibromoethane according to the general method 4 previously described.
- Raw material 13 4 '- (Cyclohexylthioethyloxy) acetophenone
- This compound is synthesized from the raw material 1 and from cyclohexane thiol according to the general method 4 previously described.
- Raw material 14 4 '- (Cyclohexylthioethyloxy) -3', 5'-dimethylacetophenone
- This compound is synthesized from the raw material 12 and from cyclohexane thiol according to the general method 4 previously described.
- This compound is synthesized from 4'-hydroxy-3-methylacetophenone and methyl iodide according to the general method 4 previously described.
- the crude product obtained after elimination of the potassium carbonate by filtration and elimination of the solvents by evaporation under reduced pressure is used for the synthesis of the corresponding intermediate compound.
- Raw material 16 1, 3-Dimethyl-2-hexylthiobenzene
- Raw material 17 3 ', 5'-Dimethyl-4'-hexylthioacetophenone
- the raw material 16 (1 eq) is dissolved in methylene chloride, the solution is cooled to 0 ° C. and then aluminum chloride (1 eq) and acetyl bromide (1 eq) are added. The whole is stirred for 2 hours at room temperature, then poured onto ice. The aqueous phase is extracted with dichloromethane, the organic phase is washed with water until neutral, dried over magnesium sulfate and then the solvent is removed by evaporation under reduced pressure. Purification by chromatography on silica gel (elution: cyclohexane).
- Raw material 18 3 ', 5'-Dimethyl-4' - (Morpholin-4-ylethyloxy) acetophenone
- reaction medium is extracted with dichloromethane.
- organic phases are combined, dried over magnesium sulfate.
- the solvent is removed by evaporation under reduced pressure.
- Raw material 20 4'-Methoxy-3'-trifluoromethylacetophenone
- reaction medium is left at 4:00 pm with stirring at room temperature and then one hour at reflux after addition of a supplement of methyl magnesium chloride (1 eq).
- the reaction medium is poured onto an aqueous solution of 1N hydrochloric acid, and extracted with dichloromethane.
- the organic phase is neutralized with an aqueous solution of potassium bicarbonate and then washed with water.
- the organic phase is dried over magnesium sulfate and then the solvent is removed by evaporation under reduced pressure.
- This compound is synthesized from the raw material 2 and 4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethylbenzaldehyde according to the general method 1 previously described. Purification by chromatography on silica gel (elution: cyclohexane-ethyl acetate: 85-15).
- This compound is synthesized from the raw material 5 and from 4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethylbenzaldehyde according to the general method 1 previously described.
- This compound is synthesized from 4'-methylthioacetophenone and 3,5-dibromo-4-hydroxybenzaldehyde according to the general method 1 previously described.
- This compound is synthesized from the raw material 7 and 3,5-dimethyl-4-hydroxybenzaldehyde according to the general method 1 previously described.
- the product crystallizes in the reaction medium, it is drained, washed with ethanol previously cooled to 0 ° C and dried under vacuum.
- This compound is synthesized from the raw material 9 and 3,5-dimethyl-4-hydroxybenzaldehyde according to the general method 1 previously described. Purification by chromatography on silica gel (elution: cyclohexane-ethyl acetate: 8-2).
- This compound is synthesized from the raw material 10 and 3,5-dimethyl-4-hydroxybenzaldehyde according to the general method 1 previously described.
- the product crystallizes in the reaction medium, it is drained, washed with ethanol previously cooled to 0 ° C and dried under vacuum.
- This compound is synthesized from the raw material 11 and 3,5-dimethyl-4-hydroxybenzaldehyde according to the general method 1 previously described. Purification by chromatography on silica gel (elution: cyclohexane-ethyl acetate: 8-2).
- This compound is synthesized from the raw material 13 and 3,5-dimethyl-4-hydroxybenzaldehyde according to the general method 1 previously described.
- the product crystallizes in the reaction medium, it is drained, washed with ethanol previously cooled to 0 ° C.
- This compound is synthesized from 2 ', 4', 5'-trimethylacetophenone and 3,5-dimethyl-4-hydroxybenzaldehyde according to the general method 1 previously described.
- This compound is synthesized from the raw material 14 and 3,5-dimethyl-4-hydroxybenzaldehyde according to the general method 1 previously described. Purification by chromatography on silica gel (elution: cyclohexane-ethyl acetate: 7-3).
- This compound is synthesized from pentamethylacetophenone and 3,5-dimethyl-4-hydroxybenzaldehyde according to the general method 1 previously described.
- the product crystallizes in the reaction medium, it is drained and purified by recrystallization from ethanol.
- This compound is synthesized from 4'-phenoxyacetophenone and 3,5-dimethyl-4-hydroxybenzaldehyde according to the general method 1 previously described.
- This compound is synthesized from 4'-methoxy-3'-fluoroacetophenone and
- the product crystallizes in the reaction medium, it is drained and then washed with heptane.
- This compound is synthesized from the raw material and 3,5-dimethyl-4-hydroxybenzaldehyde according to the general method 1 previously described.
- the product crystallizes in the reaction medium, it is drained and washed with heptane.
- This compound is synthesized from the raw material 17 and 3,5-dimethyl-4-hydroxybenzaldehyde according to the general method 1 previously described. Purification by chromatography on silica gel (elution: cyclohexane-ethyl acetate: 8-2).
- This compound is synthesized from 2 ', 5'-dimethoxyacetophenone and 3,5-dimethyl-4-hydroxybenzaldehyde according to the general method 1 previously described.
- This compound is synthesized from 4'-bromoacetophenone and from the raw material 19 according to the general method 1 previously described.
- the ethanol is removed by evaporation under reduced pressure, the solid is washed with absolute ethanol.
- This compound is synthesized from the raw material and 3,5-dimethyl-4-hydroxybenzaldehyde according to the general method 1 previously described.
- the ethanol is removed by evaporation under reduced pressure, the solid is washed with absolute ethanol.
- This compound is synthesized from intermediate compound 1 and tert-butyl bromoisobutyrate according to the general method 4 previously described.
- This compound is synthesized from compound 1 according to the general method 6 previously described.
- This compound is synthesized from the raw material 3 and the raw material 4 according to the general method 1 previously described. Purification by chromatography on silica gel (elution: dichloromethane-methanol: 95-5).
- This compound is synthesized from compound 3 according to the general method 6 previously described.
- This compound is synthesized from intermediate compound 2 and tert-butyl bromoisobutyrate according to the general method 4 previously described. Purification by chromatography on silica gel (elution: cyclohexane-ethyl acetate: 85-15).
- This compound is synthesized from compound 5 according to the general method 6 previously described.
- This compound is synthesized from intermediate compound 3 and tert-butyl bromoisobutyrate according to the general method 4 previously described.
- This compound is synthesized from compound 7 according to the general method 6 previously described. Purification by chromatography on silica gel (elution: dichloromethane-methanol: 98-2).
- This compound is synthesized from intermediate compound 4 and tert-butyl bromoisobutyrate according to the general method 4 previously described. Purification by chromatography on silica gel (elution: dichloromethane-cyclohexane: 7-3).
- This compound is synthesized from compound 10 according to the general method 6 previously described. Purification by precipitation in the dichloromethane-heptane mixture.
- This compound is synthesized from intermediate compound 5 and tert-butyl bromoisobutyrate according to the general method 4 previously described.
- This compound is synthesized from compound 12 according to the general method 6 previously described. Purification by chromatography on silica gel (elution: dichloromethane-methanol: 98-2).
- This compound is synthesized from compound 14 according to the general method 6 previously described.
- This compound is synthesized from intermediate compound 6 and tert-butyl bromoisobutyrate according to the general method 4 previously described.
- This compound is synthesized from compound 16 according to the general method 6 previously described.
- This compound is synthesized from compound 3 and hexyl bromide according to the general method 4 previously described.
- the crude product obtained after elimination of the potassium carbonate and elimination of the solvents by evaporation under reduced pressure was used for the synthesis of compound 19.
- This compound is synthesized from compound 18 according to the general method 6 previously described.
- This compound is synthesized from intermediate compound 7 and tert-butyl bromoisobutyrate according to the general method 4 previously described.
- This compound is synthesized from compound 20 according to the general method 6 previously described.
- This compound is synthesized from intermediate compound 8 and tert-butyl bromoisobutyrate according to the general method 4 previously described.
- This compound is synthesized from compound 22 according to the general method 6 previously described.
- This compound is synthesized from intermediate compound 9 and tert-butyl bromoisobutyrate according to the general method 4 previously described.
- This compound is synthesized from compound 24 according to the general method 6 previously described.
- This compound is synthesized from intermediate compound 10 and tert-butyl bromoisobutyrate according to the general method 4 previously described. Purification by chromatography on silica gel (elution: cyclohexane-ethyl acetate: 95-5).
- This compound is synthesized from compound 26 according to the general method 6 previously described.
- This compound is synthesized from intermediate compound 11 and tert-butyl bromoisobutyrate according to the general method 4 previously described.
- This compound is synthesized from compound 28 according to the general method 6 previously described.
- This compound is synthesized from intermediate compound 12 and tert-butyl bromoisobutyrate according to the general method 4 previously described.
- This compound is synthesized from compound 30 according to the general method 6 previously described. Purification by chromatography on silica gel (elution: dichloromethane-methanol: 98-2).
- This compound is synthesized from intermediate compound 13 and tert-butyl bromoisobutyrate according to the general method 4 previously described.
- This compound is synthesized from compound 32 according to the general method 6 previously described.
- This compound is synthesized from intermediate compound 14 and tert-butyl bromoisobutyrate according to the general method 4 previously described.
- This compound is synthesized from compound 34 according to the general method 6 previously described.
- This compound is synthesized from intermediate compound 15 and tert-butyl bromoisobutyrate according to the general method 4 previously described.
- This compound is synthesized from compound 36 according to the general method 6 previously described.
- This compound is synthesized from intermediate compound 16 and tert-butyl bromoisobutyrate according to the general method 4 previously described.
- This compound is synthesized from compound 38 according to the general method 6 previously described.
- This compound is synthesized from intermediate compound 17 and tert-butyl bromoisobutyrate according to the general method 4 previously described.
- This compound is synthesized from compound 40 according to the general method 6 previously described.
- This compound is synthesized from raw materials 18 and 3 according to the general method 1 previously described. After elimination of the ethanol by evaporation under reduced pressure. Compound 42 is obtained after trituration of the residual oil in diethyl ether.
- Compound 42 is dissolved in ethanol and then a 2M sodium hydroxide solution is added. The whole is maintained at 4:00 p.m. with stirring at room temperature. The reaction medium is poured into water, the aqueous phase is washed with ethyl acetate, neutralized by addition of acetic acid. The aqueous phase is extracted with diethyl ether. The precipitate which forms in the ethereal phase is drained and recrystallized from absolute ethanol.
- This compound is synthesized from intermediate compound 18 and tert-butyl bromoisobutyrate according to the general method 4 previously described. Purification by chromatography on silica gel (elution: cyclohexane-ethyl acetate: 95-5).
- This compound is synthesized from compound 44 according to the general method 6 previously described.
- This compound is synthesized from intermediate compound 19 and tert-butyl bromoisobutyrate according to the general method 4 previously described.
- the compounds tested are the compounds according to the invention, the preparation of which is described in the examples described above.
- the LDLs are prepared according to the method described by Lebeau et al. (Lebeau, Furman et al. 2000).
- EDTA is removed from the LDL preparation by dialysis.
- the oxidation then takes place at 30 ° C by adding 10O ⁇ l of a solution with 16.6 ⁇ M of CuSO 4 to 160 ⁇ L of LDL (125 ⁇ g of proteins / ml) and 20 ⁇ l of a solution of the test compound .
- the formation of dienes, the species to be observed, is measured by optical density at 232 nm in the samples treated with the compounds with or without copper.
- the optical density at 232 nm is measured every 10 minutes for 8 hours using a thermostated spectrophotometer (tecan Ultra 380). The analyzes are carried out in triplicate.
- the compounds have an antioxidant activity when they induce a lag phase lag and decrease the oxidation rate and the amount of dienes formed compared to the control sample.
- the inventors demonstrate that the compounds according to the invention have at least one of the antioxidant properties mentioned above, this indicating that the compounds according to the invention have an intrinsic antioxidant character.
- the cell lines used for this type of experiment are of the neuronal, neuroblastoma (human) and PC12 (rat) cells type.
- PC12 cells were prepared from a rat pheochromocytoma and are characterized by the method of Greene and Tischler (Greene and Tischler, 1976). These cells are commonly used for studies of neuronal differentiation, signal transduction and neuronal death.
- the PC12 cells are cultured as previously described (Farinelli, Park et al. 1996), in complete RPMI medium (Invitrogen) supplemented with 10% horse serum and 5% fetal calf serum. (Primary) cultures of endothelial cells and smooth muscles are also used.
- the cells are ordered from Promocell (Promocell GmBH, Heidelberg) and are cultured according to the supplier's instructions. The cells are treated with different doses of compounds from 5 to 300 ⁇ M for 24 hours, the cells are then recovered and the increase in the expression of the target genes is evaluated by quantitative PCR.
- the mRNAs are extracted from cells in culture treated or not with the compounds according to the invention.
- the extraction is carried out using reagents from the Absolutely RNA RT-PCR miniprep Kit (Stratagene, France) according to the supplier's instructions.
- the mRNAs are then assayed by spectrometry and quantified by quantitative RT-PCR using the Light Cycler Fast start DNA Master Sybr Green I kit (Roche) on a Light Cycler System device (Roche, France).
- Primer pairs specific for Super Oxide Dismutase (SOD), Catalase and Glutathione Peroxidase (GPx) genes, antioxidant enzymes are used as probes. Pairs of primers specific for the ⁇ -actin and cyclophilin genes are used as control probes.
- SOD Super Oxide Dismutase
- GPx Glutathione Peroxidase
- the increase in the expression of mRNAs, measured by quantitative RT-PCR, of the genes of the antioxidant enzymes is demonstrated in
- the antioxidant properties of the compounds are also evaluated using a fluorescent indicator, the oxidation of which is followed by the appearance of a fluorescent signal.
- the decrease in intensity of the fluorescent signal emitted is measured in the cells treated with the compounds in the following manner: the PC12 cells cultured as previously described (black plates 96 wells transparent backgrounds, Falcon) are incubated with increasing doses of H 2 O 2 (0.25 mM - 1 mM) in serum-free medium for 2 to 24 hours. After the incubation, the medium is removed and the cells are incubated with a solution of dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate (DCFDA, Molecular Probes, Eu subconscious, USA) 10 ⁇ M in PBS for 30 min at 37 ° C.
- DCFDA dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate
- the cells are then rinsed with PBS.
- the detection of the fluorescence emitted by the oxidation indicator is measured using a fluorimeter (Tecan Ultra 384) at an excitation wavelength of 495 nm and an emission wavelength 535 nm. The results are expressed as a percentage of protection relative to the oxidized control.
- the fluorescence intensity is lower in the cells incubated with the compounds according to the invention than in the untreated cells.
- the protective effect of the compounds on lipid peroxidation on cell cultures is determined as follows: the different cell lines as well as the cells in culture primary are treated as above, the cell supernatant is recovered after treatment and the cells are lysed and recovered for the determination of the protein concentration.
- the detection of lipid peroxidation is determined as follows: Lipid peroxidation is measured using thiobarbituric acid (TBA) which reacts with lipoperoxidation of aldehydes such as malondialdehyde (MDA). After the treatments, the cell supernatant is collected (900 ⁇ l) and 90 ⁇ l of butylated hydroxytoluene are added thereto (Morliere, Moysan et al. 1991).
- the reduction in lipid peroxidation observed in cells treated with the compounds according to the invention confirms the results obtained previously.
- the compounds according to the invention advantageously have intrinsic antioxidant properties which make it possible to slow down and / or inhibit the effects of oxidative stress.
- the inventors also show that the compounds according to the invention are capable of inducing the expression of the genes of antioxidant enzymes. These particular characteristics of the compounds according to the invention allow the cells to fight more effectively against oxidative stress and therefore to be protected from damage caused by free radicals.
- Example 4 Evaluation of the activation of PPARs in vitro by the compounds according to the invention
- the compounds according to the invention tested are the compounds having a carboxylic acid function and the preparation of which is described in the examples described above.
- the nuclear receptors belonging to the PPAR subfamily which are activated by two major classes of pharmaceutical compounds, fibrates and glitazones, which are widely used in human clinics for the treatment of dyslipidemia and diabetes, play an important role in homeostasis lipid and carbohydrate.
- the following experimental data show that the compounds according to the invention activate PPAR ⁇ .PPAR ⁇ and PPARD in vitro.
- the activation of PPARs is evaluated in vitro in RK13 or COS-7 epitheloid cell lines by measuring the transcriptional activity of chimeras made up of the DNA binding domain of the transcription factor.
- RK13 cells come from ECACC (Porton Do n, UK), COS-7 cells come from ATCC (American Type Culture Collection) and are cultured in DMEM medium supplemented with 10% vol / vol of calf serum fetal, 100 U / ml penicillin (Gibco, Paisley, UK) and 2 mM L-Glutamine (Gibco, Paisley, UK).
- the culture medium is changed every two days.
- the cells are stored at 37 ° C. in a humid atmosphere containing 5% of CO 2 and 95% of air.
- the plasmids used in transfection The plasmids pG5TkpGL3, pRL-CMV, pGal4-hPPARcc, pGal4-hPPAR ⁇ , pGal4-hPPAR ⁇ and pGal4- ⁇ have been described by Raspe, Madsen et al. (1999).
- the constructions pGal4-mPPAR ⁇ , pGal4-hPPAR ⁇ and pGal4-hPPAR ⁇ were obtained by cloning into the vector pGal4- ⁇ DNA fragments amplified by PCR corresponding to the DEF domains of the human receptors PPAR ⁇ , PPAR ⁇ and PPAR ⁇ .
- RK13 cells are seeded in 24-well culture dishes at a rate of 5 ⁇ 10 4 cells / well, COS-7 cells in 96-well plates at a rate of 5 ⁇ 10 4 cells / well and are transfected for 2 hours with the plasmid reporter pG5TkpGL3 (50 ng / well), expression vectors pGal4- ⁇ , pGal4-mPPAR ⁇ , pGal4-hPPAR ⁇ , pGal4-hPPAR ⁇ , pGal4-hPPAR ⁇ (100 ng / well) and the transfection efficiency control vector pRL-CMV (1 ng / well) according to the protocol described above (Raspe, Madsen et al.
- the cells are lysed (Gibco, Paisley, UK) and the luciferase activities are determined using the Dual-Luciferase TM Reporter Assay System assay kit (Promega, Madison, Wl, USA) for RK13 and Steady Glow Luciferase (Promega) cells for COS-7 cells according to the supplier's instructions as described above.
- the protein content of the cell extracts is then evaluated using the Bio-Rad Protein Assay assay kit (Bio-Rad, M ⁇ nchen, Germany) according to the supplier's instructions.
- the inventors demonstrate an increase in luciferase activity in cells treated with the compounds according to the invention and transfected with the plasmid pGal4-hPPAR ⁇ . This induction of luciferase activity indicates that the compounds according to the invention are activators of PPAR ⁇ . Examples of results are given in FIGS. 9a, 10a, 11a, 12a, 13a, 14a, 15a, 16a, 17a and 18a where the activating properties PPAR ⁇ of the compounds according to the invention are illustrated. The inventors demonstrate an increase in luciferase activity in cells treated with the compounds according to the invention and transfected with the plasmid pGal4-hPPAR ⁇ .
- the inventors demonstrate an increase in luciferase activity in cells treated with the compounds according to the invention and transfected with the plasmid pGal4-hPPAR ⁇ . This induction of luciferase activity indicates that the compounds according to the invention are activators of PPAR ⁇ . Examples of results are shown in FIG. 11c, 13b, 14c and 15c where the PPAR ⁇ activating properties of the compounds are illustrated.
- the inflammatory response appears in many neurological disorders, such as multiple sclerosis, Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease, cerebral ischemia and traumatic brain injury.
- inflammation is one of the important factors of neurodegeneration.
- One of the first reactions of glia cells to stroke is to release cytokines and free radicals. The consequence of this release of cytokines and free radicals is an inflammatory response in the brain that can lead to the death of neurons (Rothwell, 1997).
- LPS LipoPolySaccharide
- bacterial endotoxin Esscherichia coli 011 1: B4
- an LPS concentration 1 ⁇ g / ml for 24 hours.
- the cell culture medium is completely changed.
- TNF- ⁇ is an important factor in the inflammatory response to stress (oxidant for example).
- the culture medium for the stimulated cells is removed and the amount of TNF- ⁇ is evaluated with an ELISA-TNF- ⁇ kit (Immunotech, France ).
- the samples are diluted 50 times in order to be in line with the standard range (Chang, Hudson et al. 2000).
- the anti-inflammatory property of the compounds is characterized in the following way: the culture medium of the cells is completely changed and the cells are incubated with the compounds to be tested for 2 hours. After this incubation, LPS is added to the culture medium at a final concentration of 1 mcg / ml.
- the cell supernatant is recovered and stored at -80 ° C when it is not treated directly.
- the cells are lysed and the amount of protein is quantified, using the Bio-Rad Protein Assay assay kit (Bio-Rad, M ⁇ nchen, Germany) according to the supplier's instructions.
- the measurement of the decrease in TNF- ⁇ secretion favored by the treatment with the test compounds is expressed in pg / ml / ⁇ g of protein and reported as a percentage relative to the control.
- the compounds according to the invention tested are the compounds whose preparation is described in the examples described above.
- Fibrates abundantly used in human clinics for the treatment of dyslipidemias involved in the development of atherosclerosis, one of the main causes of mortality and morbidity in Western societies, are powerful activators of the nuclear receptor PPAR ⁇ . This regulates the expression of genes involved in transport (apolipoproteins such as Apo Al, Apo AM and Apo Clll, membrane transporters such as FAT) or the catabolism of lipids (ACO, CPT-I or CPT-II). Treatment with PPAR ⁇ activators therefore results, in humans and rodents, in a reduction in circulating cholesterol and triglyceride levels.
- mice are maintained under a light / dark cycle of 12/12 hours at a constant temperature of 20 + 3 ° C. After a week's acclimatization, the mice are weighed and collected in groups of 6 animals selected so that the distribution of their body weight is uniform. The test compounds are suspended in the carboxymethylcellulose and administered by intragastric gavage, once a day for 7 days, at the doses indicated. Animals have free access to water and food. At the end of the experiment, the animals are weighed and sacrificed under anesthesia. Blood is collected on EDTA. The plasma is prepared by centrifugation at 3000 rpm for 20 minutes. Liver samples are taken and stored frozen in liquid nitrogen for further analysis.
- Serum lipid concentrations total cholesterol and free cholesterol, triglycerides and phospholipids are measured by colorimetric determination (Boehringer, Mannheim, Germany) according to the supplier's instructions.
- the serum concentrations of the apolipoproteins Al, Ail and Clll are measured according to the methods described above (Rasscher et al. 1999, Asset G et al., Lipids, 1999).
- FIGS. 19a, 19b, 19c and 19d An example of results is given in FIGS. 19a, 19b, 19c and 19d where the activity of compound 2 on the metabolism of triglycerides and cholesterol is illustrated.
- FIGS. 20a, 20b, 20c and 20d An example of results is given in FIGS. 20a, 20b, 20c and 20d where the activity of compounds 13, 33 and 39 on the metabolism of triglycerides and cholesterol is illustrated.
- the messenger RNAs were quantified by quantitative RT-PCR using the Light Cycler Fast Start DNA Master Sybr Green I kit (Hoffman-La Roche, Basel, Switzerland) on a Light Cycler System device.
- Example 7 Evaluation of the neuroprotective effects of the compounds according to the invention in a model of cerebral ischemia-reperfusion
- the animals are kept under a light / dark cycle of 12/12 hours at a temperature of 20 +/- 3 ° C. Animals have free access to water and food. Food gain and weight gain are recorded. The animals are treated by gavage with the compounds according to the invention or the vehicle (0.5% carboxycellulose), for 14 days before the induction of ischemia of the cerebral middle artery.
- mice The brains of the mice are frozen, crushed and reduced to powders then resuspended in a saline solution.
- the different enzymatic activities are then measured as described by the following authors: superoxide dismutase (Flohe and Otting 1984); glutathione peroxidase (Paglia and Valentine 1967); glutathione reductase (Spooner, Delides et al. 1981); glutathione S-transferase
- the animals are anesthetized using an intraperitoneal injection of 300 mg / kg of chloral hydrate.
- a rectal probe is placed and the body temperature is maintained at 37 +/- 0.5 ° C. Blood pressure is measured during the whole experiment.
- the right carotid is updated using a medial cervical incision.
- the pterygopalatine artery was ligated at its origin and an arteriomy is performed in the external carotid artery in order to slip a nylon monofilament into it.
- This filament is then gently advanced into the common carotid artery and then into the internal carotid artery in order to close off the origin of the middle cerebral artery. After 1 hour, the filament is removed to allow reperfusion.
- Treatment of the animals The animals having undergone a prior ischemia-reperfusion are treated with the compounds according to the invention for 24 or 72 hours orally (gavage), twice a day.
- the animals treated with the compounds according to the invention have damage to the brain level reduced compared to the untreated animals.
- the volume of the infarction is reduced when the compounds according to the invention are administered one or more times after ischemia-reperfusion.
- Example 8 Evaluation of the protective effects of the compounds according to the invention in an animal model of atherosclerosis
- the compounds according to the invention by virtue of their activating and antioxidant PPAR properties, have a beneficial action on the progression of atheromatous plaque.
- mice of approximately 2 months of age are maintained under a light / dark cycle of 12/12 hours at a constant temperature of 20 ⁇ 3 ° C during the acclimatization period and throughout the duration of the experimentation. After the acclimatization period of one week, the mice are weighed and grouped into groups of 8 animals selected so that the distribution of their body weight is uniform.
- the animals have free access to water and food, they are subjected to a western type diet containing 21% fat and 0.15% cholesterol for a period of two weeks before treatment.
- the compounds to be tested are introduced into the food at the doses indicated.
- the treatment lasts 6 weeks.
- the animals are weighed and sacrificed under anesthesia, by cervical dislocation. "The heart is perfused in situ and then prepared for histological analysis, a needle is introduced into the right ventricle and the aorta is sectioned in its abdominal part • Blood samples are taken before the start of the experiment, each week and then at the end of the experiment, the blood is collected on EDTA and the plasma is prepared by centrifugation at 3000 revolutions / minute for 20 minutes (measurements of plasma cholesterol and triglyceride levels).
- a Krebs Ringer solution is introduced for 10 minutes.
- the tissues are fixed with 4% PAF in a 10 mM PBS solution at -4 ° C overnight.
- the samples are then washed with a 100 mM PBS solution.
- the hearts are placed in a 30% sucrose-Tris solution for one day then immersed in OCT (tissue teck) under vacuum for 30 minutes then in a mold containing OCT, immersed in isopentane and cooled with liquid nitrogen.
- the samples are stored at -80 ° C.
- Cryosections of 10 ⁇ m thickness are made from the aortic arch until the valves disappear. They are collected on slides covered with gelatin.
- the slides are stained with a solution of red oil and Phematoxylin so as to differentiate the middle part of the intima.
- the different morphogenic parameters are determined using an Olympus microscope and a color camera coupled to the Analysis image analysis system.
- the quantification of the injured surfaces is carried out manually using a graphic tablet coupled to the same computer system.
- the global surface of atheromatous lesions is expressed in ⁇ M 2 , it is compared to the control group.
- the compounds according to the invention tested allow a significant reduction in the surface of the lesions reflecting a reduction in the progression of the lesions.
- Compound 39 is tested on the differentiation of dendritic cells derived from monocytes (by monitoring the acquisition of the phenotype of dendritic cells).
- the blood samples come from voluntary donors (French Blood Establishment) and the monocytes are isolated using a standard protocol using magnetic beads conjugated to anti-CD14 (Miltenyi Biotec).
- the differentiation of the monocytes thus isolated is then induced by incubating them 6 days in a culture medium containing a mixture of GM-CSF and IL-4 cytokines (20 ng / ml for each of the cytokines).
- the acquisition of the phenotype of dendritic cells is then studied through the expression of the CD1a marker on the cell surface.
- the inventors have thus shown that compound 39 interferes with importantly with the differentiation of dendritic cells by almost completely suppressing the expression of CD1a on the surface of the cells ( Figure 21).
- the expression of the costimulation molecule CD80 is also reduced, to a lesser level, while the expression of CD86 is slightly increased (data not shown). Similar results are obtained by testing the compounds 13 and 31 of the invention. These results suggest that the compounds according to the invention interfere with the differentiation of dendritic cells and stimulate the dendritic cells towards the acquisition of an atypical phenotype.
- BAL bronchoalveolar washing liquid
- the compounds of the present invention interfere with the differentiation and maturation of dendritic cells and inhibit the migration of these cells to the secondary lymphoid organs.
- the compounds have a reduced ability to induce the proliferation of naive CD4 + T cells.
- the compounds according to the invention therefore interfere with the initiation of the immune response and therefore represent an advantageous therapeutic tool for the treatment of asthma.
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Abstract
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Priority Applications (9)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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JP2006548344A JP2007517841A (ja) | 2004-01-08 | 2005-01-07 | 1,3−ジフェニルプロプ−2−エン−1−オン誘導体化合物、その調製方法およびその使用 |
CA002550576A CA2550576A1 (fr) | 2004-01-08 | 2005-01-07 | Composes derives de 1,3-diphenylprop-2-en-1-one, preparation et utilisations |
AU2005209446A AU2005209446A1 (en) | 2004-01-08 | 2005-01-07 | 1,3-diphenylprop-2-en-1-one derivative compounds, preparation method thereof and uses of same |
US10/585,329 US7547729B2 (en) | 2004-01-08 | 2005-01-07 | 1,3-diphenylprop-2-en-1-one derivative compounds, preparation method thereof and uses of same |
BRPI0506718-9A BRPI0506718A (pt) | 2004-01-08 | 2005-01-07 | compostos, processo de preparação dos mesmos, e, composição farmacêutica ou cosmética |
EP05717386A EP1701938B1 (fr) | 2004-01-08 | 2005-01-07 | Composes derives de 1,3-diphenylprop-2-en-1-one, preparation et utilisations |
EA200601288A EA011305B1 (ru) | 2004-01-08 | 2005-01-07 | Производные 1,3-дифенилпроп-2-ен-1-она, способ их получения и применение |
NO20062824A NO20062824L (no) | 2004-01-08 | 2006-06-16 | 1,3-Difenylprop-2-en-1-on-avledete forbindelser, fremgangsmater for fremstilling derav, samt anvendelse av samme |
IL176515A IL176515A0 (en) | 2004-01-08 | 2006-06-22 | 1,3-diphenylprop-2-en-1-one derivative compounds, preparation method thereof and uses of same |
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FR0400123 | 2004-01-08 | ||
FR0400123A FR2864956B1 (fr) | 2004-01-08 | 2004-01-08 | Compose derive de 1,3-diphenylprop-2-en-1-one, preparation et utilisations |
FR0409257 | 2004-09-01 | ||
FR0409257 | 2004-09-01 |
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PCT/FR2005/000040 WO2005073184A1 (fr) | 2004-01-08 | 2005-01-07 | Composes derives de 1,3-diphenylprop-2-en-1-one, preparation et utilisations |
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US (1) | US7547729B2 (fr) |
EP (1) | EP1701938B1 (fr) |
JP (1) | JP2007517841A (fr) |
KR (1) | KR20060132903A (fr) |
AU (1) | AU2005209446A1 (fr) |
BR (1) | BRPI0506718A (fr) |
CA (1) | CA2550576A1 (fr) |
EA (1) | EA011305B1 (fr) |
IL (1) | IL176515A0 (fr) |
NO (1) | NO20062824L (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2005073184A1 (fr) |
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2910892A1 (fr) * | 2006-12-29 | 2008-07-04 | Genfit Sa | Derives de 1,3-diphenylpropane substitues, preparations et utilisations. |
JP2010514745A (ja) * | 2006-12-29 | 2010-05-06 | ジェンフィット | 置換3−フェニル−1−(フェニルチエニル)プロパン−1−オンおよび3−フェニル−1−(フェニルフラニル)プロパン−1−オンの誘導体、その調製および使用 |
WO2011064350A1 (fr) | 2009-11-26 | 2011-06-03 | Genfit | Utilisation de dérivés de 1,3-diphénylprop-2-èn-1-one pour le traitement de troubles hépatiques |
WO2011080276A1 (fr) | 2009-12-29 | 2011-07-07 | Genfit | Combinaisons pharmaceutiques comprenant un inhibiteur de dpp-4 et un dérivé de 1,3-diphénylprop-2-en-1-one |
WO2011144579A1 (fr) | 2010-05-17 | 2011-11-24 | Genfit | Procédé amélioré de préparation de dérivés de chalcone |
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FR2841900B1 (fr) * | 2002-07-08 | 2007-03-02 | Genfit S A | Nouveaux derives de 1,3-diphenylprop-2-en-1-one substitues, preparation et utilisations |
US7816385B2 (en) * | 2002-12-20 | 2010-10-19 | High Point Pharmaceuticals, Llc | Dimeric dicarboxylic acid derivatives, their preparation and use |
CN109988749B (zh) | 2008-03-27 | 2023-06-16 | 阿斯特利亚斯生物治疗股份公司 | 使灵长类多能干细胞分化成为造血谱系细胞 |
DE102011114780A1 (de) * | 2011-10-01 | 2013-04-04 | Merck Patent Gmbh | Verwendung von Propanol- und Propenolderivaten als Antioxidantien |
EA031899B9 (ru) * | 2011-12-28 | 2019-08-30 | Жанфит | Производные 1,3-дифенилпропана, их получение и применение |
KR101601685B1 (ko) * | 2015-08-24 | 2016-03-09 | 여명바이오켐 주식회사 | 항산화 효과가 우수한 택시폴린 유도체 및 이를 함유하는 화장료 조성물 |
US11484517B2 (en) * | 2017-04-18 | 2022-11-01 | Genfit | Combination comprising a PPAR agonist such as elafibranor and an acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC) inhibitor |
CN108658908B (zh) | 2017-07-31 | 2019-05-10 | 广州必贝特医药技术有限公司 | 1,3-二取代烯酮类化合物及其应用 |
WO2019105234A1 (fr) * | 2017-11-30 | 2019-06-06 | 四川科伦博泰生物医药股份有限公司 | Composé aromatique, composition pharmaceutique et utilisation associées |
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- 2005-01-07 CA CA002550576A patent/CA2550576A1/fr not_active Abandoned
- 2005-01-07 BR BRPI0506718-9A patent/BRPI0506718A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2005-01-07 WO PCT/FR2005/000040 patent/WO2005073184A1/fr active Application Filing
- 2005-01-07 AU AU2005209446A patent/AU2005209446A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2005-01-07 EA EA200601288A patent/EA011305B1/ru not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2005-01-07 JP JP2006548344A patent/JP2007517841A/ja active Pending
- 2005-01-07 EP EP05717386A patent/EP1701938B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2005-01-07 KR KR1020067015988A patent/KR20060132903A/ko not_active Withdrawn
- 2005-01-07 US US10/585,329 patent/US7547729B2/en active Active
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- 2006-06-22 IL IL176515A patent/IL176515A0/en unknown
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Cited By (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2910892A1 (fr) * | 2006-12-29 | 2008-07-04 | Genfit Sa | Derives de 1,3-diphenylpropane substitues, preparations et utilisations. |
WO2008087365A3 (fr) * | 2006-12-29 | 2008-11-27 | Genfit | Derives de 1,3-diphenylpropane substitues, preparations et utilisations |
JP2010514745A (ja) * | 2006-12-29 | 2010-05-06 | ジェンフィット | 置換3−フェニル−1−(フェニルチエニル)プロパン−1−オンおよび3−フェニル−1−(フェニルフラニル)プロパン−1−オンの誘導体、その調製および使用 |
WO2011064350A1 (fr) | 2009-11-26 | 2011-06-03 | Genfit | Utilisation de dérivés de 1,3-diphénylprop-2-èn-1-one pour le traitement de troubles hépatiques |
EP2641596A1 (fr) | 2009-11-26 | 2013-09-25 | Genfit | Utilisation de dérivés 1,3-diphenylprop-2-en-1-one pour le traitement de troubles hépatiques |
WO2011080276A1 (fr) | 2009-12-29 | 2011-07-07 | Genfit | Combinaisons pharmaceutiques comprenant un inhibiteur de dpp-4 et un dérivé de 1,3-diphénylprop-2-en-1-one |
WO2011144579A1 (fr) | 2010-05-17 | 2011-11-24 | Genfit | Procédé amélioré de préparation de dérivés de chalcone |
Also Published As
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NO20062824L (no) | 2006-10-05 |
IL176515A0 (en) | 2006-10-05 |
EA200601288A1 (ru) | 2006-12-29 |
JP2007517841A (ja) | 2007-07-05 |
CA2550576A1 (fr) | 2005-08-11 |
US20080058412A1 (en) | 2008-03-06 |
US7547729B2 (en) | 2009-06-16 |
EA011305B1 (ru) | 2009-02-27 |
KR20060132903A (ko) | 2006-12-22 |
EP1701938A1 (fr) | 2006-09-20 |
EP1701938B1 (fr) | 2012-07-25 |
BRPI0506718A (pt) | 2007-05-02 |
AU2005209446A1 (en) | 2005-08-11 |
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