WO2005071482A1 - 表示装置及びその製造方法 - Google Patents
表示装置及びその製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2005071482A1 WO2005071482A1 PCT/JP2005/000695 JP2005000695W WO2005071482A1 WO 2005071482 A1 WO2005071482 A1 WO 2005071482A1 JP 2005000695 W JP2005000695 W JP 2005000695W WO 2005071482 A1 WO2005071482 A1 WO 2005071482A1
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- image
- display
- substrate
- image signal
- display means
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
- G09G3/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
- G09G3/20—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
- G09G3/34—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters by control of light from an independent source
- G09G3/3433—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters by control of light from an independent source using light modulating elements actuated by an electric field and being other than liquid crystal devices and electrochromic devices
- G09G3/344—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters by control of light from an independent source using light modulating elements actuated by an electric field and being other than liquid crystal devices and electrochromic devices based on particles moving in a fluid or in a gas, e.g. electrophoretic devices
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- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09F—DISPLAYING; ADVERTISING; SIGNS; LABELS OR NAME-PLATES; SEALS
- G09F9/00—Indicating arrangements for variable information in which the information is built-up on a support by selection or combination of individual elements
- G09F9/30—Indicating arrangements for variable information in which the information is built-up on a support by selection or combination of individual elements in which the desired character or characters are formed by combining individual elements
- G09F9/37—Indicating arrangements for variable information in which the information is built-up on a support by selection or combination of individual elements in which the desired character or characters are formed by combining individual elements being movable elements
- G09F9/372—Indicating arrangements for variable information in which the information is built-up on a support by selection or combination of individual elements in which the desired character or characters are formed by combining individual elements being movable elements the positions of the elements being controlled by the application of an electric field
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09F—DISPLAYING; ADVERTISING; SIGNS; LABELS OR NAME-PLATES; SEALS
- G09F9/00—Indicating arrangements for variable information in which the information is built-up on a support by selection or combination of individual elements
- G09F9/30—Indicating arrangements for variable information in which the information is built-up on a support by selection or combination of individual elements in which the desired character or characters are formed by combining individual elements
- G09F9/37—Indicating arrangements for variable information in which the information is built-up on a support by selection or combination of individual elements in which the desired character or characters are formed by combining individual elements being movable elements
- G09F9/375—Indicating arrangements for variable information in which the information is built-up on a support by selection or combination of individual elements in which the desired character or characters are formed by combining individual elements being movable elements the position of the elements being controlled by the application of a magnetic field
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a display device and a method for manufacturing the same.
- An electrophoretic display device is known as a display device that can be viewed like paper and has low power consumption. Further, as such an electrophoretic display device, there has been proposed a device capable of writing and erasing an image by handwriting by applying an electric signal from a display surface with a handwritten input pen (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2000-2000). -47266 ").
- Patent Document 2 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. Hei 5-181424".
- Patent Document 3 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. Hei 5-1814264.
- Patent Document 1 JP-A-2000-47266
- Patent Document 2 JP-A-5-181424
- Patent Document 3 JP-A-7-146660
- FIG. 1 is a schematic sectional view of a possible electrophoretic display device 100.
- the electrophoretic display device 100 includes a substrate 105, a common electrode 104, an electrophoretic display layer Ed, a protective layer 101, an input pen 107, and a power supply 110.
- the common electrode 104 is provided on the surface of the substrate 105.
- the electrophoretic display layer Ed is disposed between the outermost protective layer 101 and the common electrode 104, and includes a transparent binder 102 and a microcapsule 103.
- the microcapsules 103 are filled with a colored dispersion liquid 108, and transparent electrophoretic particles 109 are dispersed in the dispersion liquid 108.
- a user of the electrophoresis apparatus 100 can see an image formed by the colored dispersion liquid 108 and the electrophoresis particles 109 through the protective layer 101 from the upper part of FIG.
- the common electrode 104 is electrically grounded, and The pen 107 is electrically connected to the power supply 110.
- An image is written and erased by applying an electric signal to an arbitrary position of the electrophoretic display layer Ed with the input pen 107.
- the electrophoretic particles 109 have a negative charge.
- the voltage of the input pen 107 with respect to the common electrode 104 is made positive, and the input pen 107 is brought close to the surface of the protective layer 101.
- the electric force of the input pen 107 is also directed toward the common electrode 104 to generate an electric field, and the electrophoretic particles 109 in the microcapsules 103 in the vicinity thereof migrate to the input pen 107 side and move to the microcapsule wall on the protective layer 101 side.
- the electrophoretic display device 100 by switching the polarity of the voltage applied to the microcapsules 103, it is possible to switch between displaying and non-displaying an image on the display surface.
- the electrophoretic display layer Ed may be sandwiched by a plurality of lower electrodes provided in parallel with the direction perpendicular to the upper electrode. In such a configuration, an intersection of the upper and lower electrodes becomes a pixel, and an electric signal can be applied only to a desired pixel based on information stored in a storage medium.
- display / non-display of an image on the display surface can be switched.
- an image (hereinafter, referred to as a first image) displayed by applying an electric signal to a matrix-shaped electrode based on image data stored in advance on a recording medium or the like, and an input pen or the like is applied.
- This makes it possible to display the added image (hereinafter referred to as the second image) in a mixed manner on one display surface.
- both images are electrophoretic particles 1 in the microcapsule 103. Since the image is displayed by 09, both the first image and the second image are rewritten by the electric signal.
- a model of a character is displayed as a first image on a display surface, and the user practiced writing a character by tracing the model with an input key or the like.
- the present invention has been made in order to solve the above-described problems, and has a display device capable of independently rewriting while displaying two images mixedly on one display surface, and a display device therefor. With the aim of providing a manufacturing method! Puru.
- the present invention provides a display unit having a display surface for displaying an image, a display unit having a first characteristic, and a first unit based on a first image signal corresponding to the first characteristic.
- a display device is provided.
- the first display means for displaying the first image and the second display means for displaying the second image are mixed, and the first display means and the second display means Since each image is displayed on the display surface based on different signals, both the first image and the second image can be displayed independently on the display surface and independently rewritten.
- the first display means rewrites the first image according to the change in the first image signal, but the second display means maintains the second image irrespective of the change in the first image signal, and the second display means 2nd image Although the second image signal is rewritten according to the signal change, it is preferable that the first image signal maintain the first image regardless of the change of the second image signal.
- the powerful configuration only the first image can be rewritten by the first image signal without rewriting the second image, and the second image can be rewritten by the second image signal without rewriting the first image. Only the image can be rewritten.
- the display unit includes a first substrate having a display surface, and a second substrate facing the first substrate at a predetermined distance and extending substantially in parallel with the first substrate.
- the first display means is arranged so as to be distributed at a first density between the first substrate and the second substrate, and the second display means is arranged so as to be distributed at a second density between the first substrate and the second substrate; It is preferable that the first density and the second density are substantially equal.
- the first display means is arranged so as to distribute the first density between the first substrate and the second substrate
- the second display means is connected to the first substrate and the first substrate. It is arranged so that it is distributed at a second density between the two substrates, and the first density and the second density are substantially equal, so that each of the first image and the second image is uniformly distributed on the display surface. Can be displayed.
- first display means and the second display means are alternately arranged alternately on a plane between the first substrate and the second substrate and substantially parallel to the first substrate and the second substrate. It is preferred to be placed.
- the first display means and the second display means are alternately provided in a plane between the first substrate and the second substrate and substantially parallel to the first substrate and the second substrate. Since they are arranged, each of the first image and the second image can be more uniformly displayed on the display surface.
- the display device of the present invention is configured such that the first image signal generating means fixed to the display unit and generating the first image signal is separate from the display unit, It is preferable to include a second image signal generating means for generating a second image signal by approaching the position.
- the first image signal generation means fixed to the display unit generates the first image signal
- the second image signal generation means separate from the display unit generates the second image signal. Since the image signal is generated, the first image and the second image can be displayed on the display surface in different ways.
- the first image signal is an electric signal, and the first display means is not magnetized but is charged.
- the second image signal is a magnetic signal, and the second display means is magnetized and charged, preferably provided with the electrophoretic particles.
- the electrophoretic particles are not magnetized and are charged, and the electrophoretic particles are magnetized and are not charged.
- the image is not affected by the strength of the electric field that causes the migrating particles to move, and only a small amount of migration can be performed. Only the first image can be rewritten without rewriting, and only the second image can be rewritten without rewriting the first image by causing the magnetic swimming particles to migrate by the magnetic signal.
- the first display means includes a microcapsule having a shell enclosing a dispersion in which the electrophoretic particles are dispersed
- the second display means includes a shell enclosing the dispersion in which the magnetophoretic particles are dispersed. It is preferable to provide a microcapsule having
- the microcapsules are easy to handle, so that the first display means and the second display means can be easily mixed.
- the display unit includes a first substrate having a display surface, and a second substrate facing the first substrate at a predetermined distance and extending substantially parallel to the first substrate.
- the second display means is disposed between the first substrate and the second substrate, the first substrate has a first electrode, the second substrate has a second electrode, and further has a display unit.
- an electric signal generating means for applying an electric field as a first image signal to the first display means by applying a potential difference between the first electrode and the second electrode.
- the electric signal generating means may apply a voltage to at least one of the first electrode and the second electrode to generate a potential difference between the first electrode and the second electrode.
- an electric field is generated between the first electrode and the second electrode, so that only the first image can be rewritten.
- the display device of the present invention is separate from the display unit, and provides a magnetic field as a second image signal to the second display means by approaching an arbitrary position on the display surface. It is preferable to provide a signal generating means.
- the magnetic signal generating unit applies a magnetic field to the second display unit in the vicinity of an arbitrary position on the display surface, so that only the second image can be added.
- the display device of the present invention includes a position detecting means for detecting a position of the second image displayed by the second signal generating means, and a position indicating the position of the second image detected by the position detecting means.
- Second image position storage means for storing information; and output means for outputting the position information stored in the second image position storage means to at least one of the first image signal generation means and an external device.
- the position of the second image detected by the position detecting means is stored in the second image position storing means, and the stored position information is output by the first image signal generating means or the first image signal generating means. Since the image can be output to an external device, even after the second image is deleted, the position information of the second image can be output to the first image signal generating means and the external device for use.
- the display device of the present invention includes a position detecting means for detecting a position of the second image written by the second signal generating means, and a position of the second image detected by the position detecting means.
- Combined information storage means for storing combined information obtained by combining second image position information and first image position information indicating the position of the first image displayed by the first image signal generating means, and combined information storage means Output means for outputting the combined information stored in the first image signal generating means and at least one of the external devices.
- At least one of the hue, saturation, and brightness displayed by the first display unit and at least one of the hue, saturation, and brightness displayed by the second display unit are displayed. Since they are different, the user can easily distinguish the first image from the second image.
- a display unit having a display surface for displaying an image, a first substrate having a display surface, and a second substrate facing the first substrate at a predetermined distance.
- First display means for displaying a first image on a display surface based on the first image signal, and a second image on the display surface based on a second image signal different from the first image signal.
- a display device having a second display means for displaying between the first substrate and the second substrate, wherein the first display means and the second display means are mixed in the display unit.
- Producing the display means mixture by stirring the first display means and the second display means, and applying the display means mixture to at least one of the first substrate and the second substrate.
- the first display means and the second display means are agitated, and the agitated first display means and the second display means are at least one of the first substrate and the second substrate.
- the applied mixture of display means is heated and dried, it is fixed to at least one of the first substrate and the second substrate, and then the first substrate and the second substrate are attached to each other to form an image.
- a first substrate having a display surface for displaying, a second substrate facing the first substrate at a predetermined distance, and a first image signal that is an arbitrary signal between the first substrate and the second substrate.
- First display means for displaying the first image on the display surface, and second display means for displaying the second image on the display surface based on a second image signal that is a signal different from the first image signal,
- the first display means and the second display means are mixed together, and the display device can be easily manufactured. .
- FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a possible electrophoretic display device.
- FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a display device according to the embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 3 (a)] is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the display unit before rewriting by the input pen.
- FIG. 3 (b)] is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the display unit after retouching with the input pen.
- FIG. 4 is a plan view schematically showing a distribution state of first and second microcapsules in a display unit, and an arrangement of upper and lower electrodes.
- FIG. 5 (a) is a diagram showing a part of a manufacturing process of the display unit.
- FIG. 5 (b)] is a diagram showing a part of the manufacturing process of the display unit.
- FIG. 5 (c) is a view showing a part of the manufacturing process of the display unit.
- FIG. 6 is a block diagram showing an electrical configuration of the display device main body shown in FIG. 2.
- FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a first image and a second image displayed on the display surface shown in FIG. 2.
- FIG. 8 (a) is a part of a flowchart showing the image data processing of the present embodiment.
- FIG. 8 (b)] is the remaining part of FIG. 8 (a) of the flowchart showing the image data processing of the present embodiment.
- FIG. 9 is an enlarged sectional view showing a modification of the display unit of the present embodiment.
- FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the display device 1 according to the embodiment of the present invention.
- the display device 1 includes a main body 2 and an input pen 3.
- the main body 2 includes a first image display button 5a, a first image deletion button 5b, a second image deletion button 5c, a second image storage button 5d, a composite information storage button 5e, and an external device second An image output button 5f, an external device " ⁇ component information output button 5g, a display surface second image output button 5h, a display surface” ⁇ component information output button 5i, and a display unit 10 are provided.
- the surface of the display unit 10 functions as a display surface 4 for displaying an image.
- the display surface 4 can display a black first image 7 based on image data and a red second image 8 based on writing with the input pen 3, as described later.
- the image data may be stored in the RAM 33 (see FIG. 6) in the main unit 2 in advance, or may be input from an external device (not shown) connected to the main unit 2!
- the input pen 3 has a distal end made of a permanent magnet, and is provided separately from the main body 2 so that the distal end can be brought close to an arbitrary position on the display surface 4.
- the magnetism generated from the tip of the input pen 3 becomes a magnetic signal, and the tip of the input pen 3 on the display surface 4
- the second image 8 can be written in the adjacent part.
- “proximity” refers to a state in which the tip of the input pen 3 approaches the display surface 4 within a predetermined distance, or a state in which the tip of the input pen 3 is in contact with the display surface 4.
- the position of the tip of the input pen 3 is detected by an input pen position detection unit 6 (see FIG. 6) described later.
- FIG. 3 (a) is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the display unit 10 before rewriting by the input pen 3
- FIG. 5 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the display unit 10 after rewriting by the input pen 3. The structure of the display unit 10 will be described with reference to FIGS. 3 (a) and 3 (b).
- the display unit 10 includes a first substrate 21 and a second substrate 23.
- the first substrate 21 and the second substrate 23 are opposed to each other via a spacer 24 to be described later with reference to FIG. I have.
- the surface of the first substrate 21 not facing the first substrate 23 functions as the display surface 4, and the upper electrode 20 is provided on the surface facing the first substrate 23.
- a lower electrode 22 is provided on a surface of the second substrate 23 facing the first substrate 21.
- Glass is used for the first substrate 21, but in the case of glass, it may be broken. Therefore, a transparent resin film such as a PET film may be used instead of glass.
- a transparent resin film such as a PET film may be used instead of glass.
- a transparent electrode such as ITO (an indium and tin oxide) is used.
- the second substrate 23 and the lower electrode 22 are not limited to transparent members, but may be transparent members.
- first microcapsules 16 and the second microcapsules 19 are arranged between the first substrate 21 and the second substrate 23 .
- the first microcapsules 16 and the second microcapsules 19 are two-dimensionally arranged and fixed in a mixed state between the first substrate 21 and the second substrate 23 by the binder 12 having a resin or the like. ing.
- the first microcapsule 16 includes a shell 160, and the shell 160 contains the electrophoretic black particles 13, the electrophoretic white particles 14, and the dispersion liquid 15. The electrophoretic black particles 13 and the electrophoretic white particles 14 are dispersed in the dispersion liquid 15. The first microcapsule 16 displays the first image 7.
- the electrophoretic black particles 13 are positively charged black insulating substances that are not magnetized.
- the electrophoretic white particles 14 are white insulating materials that are not magnetized and are negatively charged.
- the second microcapsule 19 includes a shell 190, and the shell 190 contains the magnetophoretic particles 17 and the dispersion liquid 18.
- the magnetophoretic particles 17 are dispersed in a dispersion 18.
- the second microcapsule displays the second image 8.
- Each of the first microcapsules 16 and the second microcapsules 19 preferably has a diameter of about 50 ⁇ m to 200 ⁇ m.
- the magnetophoretic particles 17 are magnetized and are not charged.
- the electrophoretic black particles 13 are black particles composed of behenic acid amide and a black pigment (for example, trade name “Carbon Black # 5: manufactured by Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation”).
- the electrophoretic white particles 14 are white particles composed of a montanic acid ester and a white pigment (for example, trade name “Taipeta CR-50: manufactured by Ishihara Sangyo Co., Ltd.”).
- the magnetophoretic particles 17 are red particles composed of behenic acid amide, a red dye (for example, trade name “OilRed339: manufactured by Orient Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.”) and magnesium zinc ferrite.
- a white pigment for example, trade name “Taipeta CR-50: manufactured by Ishihara Sangyo Co., Ltd.” is dispersed.
- the dispersion liquid 15 is an aliphatic hydrocarbon solvent (for example, trade name "Aisoper L: manufactured by Etherson Mobile Co., Ltd.”).
- Shell 160 is melamine Z formaldehyde resin.
- the dispersion liquid 18 is made of the same material as the dispersion liquid 15, and the shell 190 is made of the same material as the shell 160.
- the electrophoretic black particles 13, the electrophoretic white particles 14, the electrophoretic particles 17, the dispersion liquids 15, 18 and the white pigments and shells 160 and 190 dispersed in the dispersion medium 18 are the same as those described above. It is not limited.
- FIG. 4 is a plan view schematically showing a distribution state of the first microcapsules 16 and the second microcapsules 19 in the display unit 10 and an arrangement of the upper electrode 20 and the lower electrode 22.
- the plurality of upper electrodes 20 and the plurality of lower electrodes 22 are orthogonal to each other to form a matrix electrode, and the intersection of the upper electrode 20 and the lower electrode 22 One pixel is formed in each part (for example, a part P surrounded by a thick line in FIG. 4).
- the first microcapsules 16 and the second microcapsules 19 are alternately arranged between the first substrate 21 (upper electrode 20) and the second substrate 23 (lower electrode 22).
- “alternating” means that the first microcapsules 16 and the second microcapsules 19 are homogeneously mixed and arranged so that at least one microcapsule exists per predetermined area S (portion surrounded by a broken line in FIG. 4).
- the first microcapsules 16 are arranged so as to be distributed at a first density between the first substrate 21 (upper electrode 20) and the second substrate 23 (lower electrode 22),
- the second micro cubic cells 19 are arranged between the first substrate 21 (upper electrode 20) and the second substrate 23 (lower electrode 22) so as to be distributed at a second density, and have a first density and a second density. 2 means that the density is substantially equal. Therefore, in FIG. 4, the first microcapsule 16 and the second microcapsule 16 are shown for easy understanding. The force indicating that the level 19 and every other are arranged. It is not always necessary to arrange every other.
- the first microcapsules 16 and the second microcapsules 19 are alternately arranged between the first substrate 21 (upper electrode 20) and the second substrate (lower electrode 22).
- the microcapsules 16 and the second microcapsules 19 are arranged at a uniform density between the first substrate 21 and the second substrate 23, the first image 7 displayed by the first microcapsules 16 (FIG. 2) and the second image 8 (see FIG. 2) displayed by the second microphone mouth capsule 19 can be uniformly displayed over the entire display surface 4.
- the first image 7 and the second image 8 each appear to be substantially continuous in the entire area of the display surface 4.
- the use of the microphone opening capsule which is easy to handle for display makes it easy to arrange the first microcapsules 16 and the second microcapsules 19 in a homogeneously mixed state.
- an electric field is formed between the upper electrode 20 and the lower electrode 22 corresponding to a desired pixel according to an instruction from the CPU 25, which will be described later.
- An electric signal is applied to one microcapsule 16. More specifically, a voltage is applied to at least one of the upper electrode 20 and the lower electrode 22 so that the potential of the upper electrode 20 is lower than the potential of the lower electrode 22 so that the upper electrode 20 and the lower electrode 22 are electrically connected to each other. An electric field is generated between That is, a voltage may be applied to both the upper electrode 20 and the lower electrode 22, or one of them may be grounded.
- the positively charged electrophoretic black particles 13 migrate in the dispersion liquid 15 and are attracted to the upper electrode 20 side, and are negatively charged.
- the white particles 14 migrate within the dispersion liquid 15 and are sucked toward the lower electrode 22.
- the first image 7 (see FIG. 2) is displayed on the display surface 4.
- the upper electrode 20 is at least selected so that the potential of the upper electrode 20 is higher than the potential of the lower electrode 22.
- An electric field is created between pole 20 and lower electrode 22. Even when an electric field is generated between the upper electrode 20 and the lower electrode 22 so that the potential of all the upper electrodes 20 is higher than the potential of the entire lower electrode 22, good.
- a voltage may be applied to at least one of the upper electrode 20 and the lower electrode 22 to ground either the upper electrode 20 or the lower electrode 22.
- the positively charged electrophoretic black particles 13 are attracted to the lower electrode 22 side, and the negatively charged electrophoretic white particles 14 are attracted to the upper electrode 20 side.
- white is displayed on the display surface 4 and the first black image 7 is deleted. Since no current is consumed when the electrophoretic black particles 13 and the electrophoretic white particles 14 are caused to migrate, less power is required. Further, the electrophoretic black particles 13 and the electrophoretic white particles 14 have high contrast because they do not absorb extra light as compared with liquid crystal or the like. Therefore, the first image 7 can be clearly displayed on the display surface 4.
- the principle on which the second image 8 is displayed on the display surface 4 and the principle on which the second image 8 is erased will be described with reference to FIG. 3B.
- the electrophoretic particles 17 as a magnetic substance in the microcapsules 19 disposed at the position and in the vicinity thereof generate the input pen 3 as a permanent magnet. Is attracted to the display surface 4 side by the generated magnetic force (magnetic signal).
- the second image 8 (see FIG. 2) is displayed on the display surface 4.
- the bar 50 also generates a magnetic signal with a force on the lower surface of the second substrate 23, so that the magnetophoretic particles 17 in all the microcapsules 19 are attracted to the second substrate 23 side, and the second Image 8 is erased.
- the electrophoretic particles 17 can be electrophoresed by a magnetic signal, so that no electric power is required.
- the amount of electric power for driving the motor actuator 51 is large, it is possible to reduce the amount of electric power consumption by adopting a structure that can be manually operated.
- the magnetic signal has a wider range of influence than the electric signal, it is difficult to display an image having a higher resolution than the electric signal.
- the resolution is not so required in many cases.
- writing is performed by a magnetic signal generated by the input pen 3 that is separate from the display device 1.
- the resolution is required by setting the replaced image as the second image 8 and the image rewritten by the electric signal generated by the upper electrode 20 and the lower electrode 22 fixed to the display device 1 as the first image 7. It is possible to easily increase the resolution of a likely image.
- FIGS. 5A to 5C are views showing an example of a part of a manufacturing process of the display unit 10.
- the display unit 10 is manufactured by applying the first microcapsules 16 and the second microcapsules 19 between the first substrate 21 and the second substrate 23 and drying.
- first microcapsule 16 having electrophoretic black particles 13 and electrophoretic white particles 14 therein and a second microcapsule 19 having magnetophoretic particles 17 therein are prepared.
- the electrophoretic black particles 13 are manufactured.
- a black mixture is obtained by mixing behenic acid amide and black pigment using a roll mill.
- this black mixture is heated to 140 ° C and dropped on a rotary atomizer with a rotation speed of 30,000 rpm, the black mixture scatters around and the positively-charged electrophoretic black particles having an average particle size of 5 ⁇ m. 13 is obtained.
- the electrophoretic white particles 14 are manufactured.
- a white mixture is obtained by mixing a montanic acid ester and a white pigment hydrophobized by a capping agent using a roll mill.
- this white mixture is heated to 105 ° C and dropped on an atomizer with a rotation speed of 30,000 rpm, the white mixture scatters around and the negatively charged electrophoretic white particles having an average particle size of 6 / zm. 14 is obtained.
- the electrophoretic black particles 13 and the electrophoretic white particles 14 were mixed with a 5% polystyrene sulfonic acid partial sodium salt aqueous solution as an emulsifier and a 1: 1 aqueous solution of an aliphatic hydrocarbon as a dispersion 15.
- a homogenizer having a rotation speed of 6000 rpm
- an emulsion A in which a dispersion liquid 15 containing electrophoretic black particles 13 and electrophoretic white particles 14 in an aqueous solution is uniformly dispersed is obtained.
- a melamine Z-formaldehyde prepolymer which is a material of the shell 160
- a commercially available melamine powder was added to a 37% aqueous formaldehyde solution, and Adjust to pH 9.0 with sodium solution. By heating this solution and maintaining the temperature at 60 ° C. for 30 minutes, the melamine Z-formaldehyde prepolymer, which is the material of the shell 160, is obtained.
- the first microcapsules 16 having an average particle diameter of 60 ⁇ m, in which the dispersion liquid 15 containing the electrophoretic black particles 13 and the electrophoretic white particles 14 are wrapped in a shell 160 made of melamine Z-formaldehyde / fatty acid. Is obtained.
- the magnetophoretic particles 17 are manufactured.
- a red mixture is obtained by mixing behenic acid amide, a red dye and magnesium zinc ferrite using a roll mill.
- this red mixture is heated to 140 ° C and dropped on a rotary atomizer with a rotation speed of 30,000 rpm, the red mixture is scattered around and a magnetophoretic particle 17 having an average particle diameter of 5 m is obtained. .
- the magnetophoretic particles 17 and the white pigment hydrophobized by the coupling agent were mixed with a 5% polystyrenesulfonic acid partial sodium salt aqueous solution and a dispersion liquid 15
- the dispersion 18 containing the electrophoretic particles 17 and the white pigment is uniformly dispersed in the aqueous solution by adding the mixture to a 1: 1 hydrocarbon solution and stirring the mixture for 5 minutes with a homogenizer set at a rotation speed of 6000 rpm.
- Emulsion B is obtained.
- a melamine Z-formaldehyde polymer which is the material of the shell 190, is manufactured in the same manner as the shell 160.
- Emulsion B The melamine Z-formaldehyde prepolymer is added into Emulsion B.
- the solution is heated for 5 hours while being heated to 80 ° C while being stirred with an azihomomixer set to a rotation speed of 300 rpm. Then adjust to PH7 and cool to room temperature. Finally, the obtained liquid is filtered, washed with water, and dried.
- the dispersion 18 containing the electrophoretic particles 17 and the white pigment was melamine Z-formal.
- the first microcapsules 16 and the second microcapsules 19 prepared as described above are dispersed in a binder 12 (polyvinylpyrrolidone) dissolved in water to prepare a microcapsule dispersion liquid 11.
- the mixture is stirred with a known stirrer.
- 250 g of the microcapsule dispersion liquid 11 is placed in a 500 ml stirring vessel, and the mixture is stirred with a stirrer (for example, trade name “Z2200: manufactured by Tokyo Rika Kikai Co., Ltd.”) at a rotation speed of 500 rpm. .
- a stirrer for example, trade name “Z2200: manufactured by Tokyo Rika Kikai Co., Ltd.
- the stirred microcapsule dispersion liquid 11 is applied onto a second substrate 23 provided with a lower electrode 22 in advance, as shown in FIG. 5 (a).
- the first microcapsules 16 and the second microcapsules 19 are substantially uniformly dispersed in the microcapsule dispersion liquid 11.
- the microcapsule dispersion liquid 11 applied on the second substrate 23 is dried by heating in an oven set at 50 ° C.
- the microcapsule dispersion liquid 11 is dried, water evaporates, and the first microcapsules 16, the second microcapsules 19, and the binder 12, which are non-volatile components, remain. Accordingly, as shown in FIG. 5B, the first microcapsules 16 and the second microcapsules 19 sink and come into almost contact with the lower substrate 23 or the lower electrode 22.
- a spacer 24 having a shorter length than the diameter of the first microcapsule 16 and the diameter of the second microcapsule 19 is moved to a plurality of positions where the first microcapsule 16 and the second microcapsule 19 do not exist. To place.
- the first substrate 21 provided with the upper electrode 20 in advance is attached to the second substrate 23 via the spacer 24. Then, the first microcapsules 16 and the second microcapsules 19 are fixed.
- the length of the spacer 24 is determined by the first microcapsule 16 and the second microcapsule 19. Smaller than the diameter of For this reason, the first microcapsules 16 and the second microcapsules 19 having a substantially spherical shape are formed by the first substrate 21 and the second substrate 23 by the diameters of the first microcapsules 16 and the second microcapsules 19. And the length corresponding to the difference between the spacer and the length of the spacer 24. As a result, as shown in FIG. 5C, the first microcapsules 16 and the second microcapsules 19 are deformed, and the microcapsules adjacent to each other come into contact with each other.
- the first microcapsules 16 and the second microcapsules 19 are uniformly mixed between the first substrate 21 and the second substrate 23.
- the display device 1 can be easily manufactured.
- the first microcapsules 16 and the second microcapsules 19 are alternately arranged every other force.
- the first microcapsules 16 and the second microcapsules 19 do not need to be arranged in two dimensions between the first substrate 21 and the second substrate 23 with a certain degree of uniformity. It should have been done.
- the display surface 4 has the first image 7 displayed by the first microcapsules 16 and rewritable by an electric signal, and the second microcapsule 16.
- the second image 8 displayed by the capsule 19 and rewritable by a magnetic signal can be mixed and displayed.
- FIG. 6 is a block diagram showing an electrical configuration of the main body 2.
- a unit 30, a control button control unit 31, a bar 50, and a motor actuator 51 are incorporated.
- the main body 2 includes a first image display button 5a, a first image deletion button 5b, a second image deletion button 5c, a second image storage button 5d, and a composite information storage button.
- a first image display button 5a a first image deletion button 5b
- a second image deletion button 5c a second image storage button 5d
- a composite information storage button a composite information storage button.
- external device second image output button 5f external device " ⁇ component information output button 5g, display unit second image output button 5h, or display unit” ⁇ component information output button 5i.
- the CPU 25 displays the first image 7 on the display surface 4 and executes various controls and processes such as image data processing.
- the CPU 25 has a ROM 32, a RAM 33, and an input / output port 26. Connected through in.
- the input / output port 26 is used for the input pen position detector 6, lower electrode drive circuit 27, upper electrode drive circuit 28, IZF unit 29, power supply unit 30, control button control unit 31, motor actuator Connected to writer 51.
- the motor actuator 51 is further connected to the bar 50.
- the input pen position detector 6 is a member for detecting the position of the tip of the input pen 3, and includes a plurality of light emitting elements and a plurality of light receiving elements (not shown). When the power switch of the main body 2 is turned on, the input pen position detector 6 starts detecting the position of the tip of the input pen 3.
- the light emitting element in the input pen position detecting unit 6 emits light.
- the tip of the input pen 3 approaches the display surface 4, the light emitted from the light emitting element in the input pen position detector 6 is reflected by the tip of the input pen 3 and returns to the input pen position detector 6 again. Is detected by the light receiving element.
- the CPU 25 measures the time from light emission to light reception by a known triangulation method, and detects the position of the tip of the input pen 3.
- the IZF unit 29 can be connected to external devices such as a CCD scanner and a printer, and interfaces data communication between these external devices and the display device 1.
- the lower electrode drive circuit 27 is a circuit for applying a voltage to the lower electrode 22 in accordance with an instruction from the CPU 25.
- the upper electrode drive circuit 28 is a circuit for applying a voltage to the upper electrode 20 in accordance with an instruction from the CPU 25.
- the CPU 25 controls the lower electrode drive circuit 27 provided in the display unit 10 based on the data related to the image input from the external device through the IZF unit 25 or the image data stored in the RAM 33. And the upper electrode drive circuit 28 to generate an electric field between the upper electrode 20 and the lower electrode 22 constituting a desired pixel.
- the first image display button 5a is a button pressed by the user to select the first image 7 to be displayed on the display surface 4 and to give an instruction to display it.
- the first image deletion button 5b is a button for giving an instruction to delete only the first image 7 without changing the second image 8.
- the second image deletion button 5c is a button for giving an instruction to delete only the second image 8 from the display surface 4 without changing the first image 7.
- the second image save button 5d is a button for giving an instruction to save the position information of the second image 8 in the RAM 33 (see Fig. 6) in the main body 2.
- the synthetic information save button 5e is a button for giving an instruction to save synthetic information (position information obtained by synthesizing the position information of the first image 7 and the position information of the second image 8) described later in the RAM 33 in the main body 2. is there.
- the external device second image output button 5f is a button for instructing the output of the position information on the second image 8 stored in the RAM 33 to the external device.
- the external device composite information output button 5g is a button for instructing output of the composite information stored in the RAM 33 to the external device.
- the display unit second image output button 5h is a button for instructing the display unit 10 to output position information on the second image 8 stored in the RAM 33 to the display unit 10.
- the display unit-synthesis information output button 5i is a button for instructing output of the synthesis information stored in the RAM 33 to the display unit 10.
- the control button control unit 31 includes a first image display button 5a, a first image deletion button 5b, a second image deletion button 5c, a second image storage button 5d, a composite information storage button 5e, and an external device second image.
- Output button 5f, external device " ⁇ component information output button 5g", display unit second image output button 5h, or display unit " ⁇ component information output button 5" Detects the instruction and outputs the content of the instruction to CPU 25 .
- the power supply unit 30 supplies power to each block described above.
- the bar 50 is made of a permanent magnet, and is provided on the lower surface side of the second substrate 23 so as to be close to the lower surface and movable in parallel with the lower surface. Therefore, the bar 50 generates a magnetic signal from the lower surface side of the second substrate 23.
- the motor actuator 51 is a drive source for driving the bar 50.
- the motor actuator 51 can move the bar 50 along the lower surface of the second substrate 23 according to an instruction from the CPU 25 (see FIG. 3A).
- the ROM 32 stores a predetermined program and the like described later with reference to Fig. 8.
- the RAM 33 temporarily stores a computer program read from the ROM 32 when the CPU 25 operates, and stores various image data.
- the RAM 33 has a rewriting position memory 33a and a synthetic information memory 33b.
- the retouched position memory 33a is a memory that stores position information on the second image 8, more specifically, whether or not each pixel of the display unit 10 is displaying the second image 8 with or without force.
- the correction position memory 33a is initialized when a power switch (not shown) of the display device 1 is turned on. That is, all the pixel powers of the display unit 10 are stored in the caro brush position memory 33a as a state where the second image 8 is not displayed.
- the retouching position memory 33a stores the second image position information even when retouching has not been performed for a predetermined time.
- the combined information memory 33b is a memory that stores combined information obtained by combining position information regarding the first image 7 and position information regarding the second image 8. More specifically, the combined information memory 33b stores whether or not at least one of the first image 7 and the second image 8 is displayed at each pixel in the display unit 10.
- the first image display button 5a when the first image display button 5a is pressed, the first image 7 is displayed based on the data stored in the external device or the RAM 33, and an arbitrary second image 8 is written by the input pen 3.
- the synthetic information save button 5e when the synthetic information save button 5e is pressed, the pressing force of the first image display button 5a is pressed.
- the CPU 25 determines the pixel to which the second image 8 has been added and the pixel that displayed the first image 7 when the composite information save button 5e was pressed, and the composite information
- the memory 33b stores synthetic information obtained by synthesizing the position information regarding the first image 7 and the position information regarding the second image 8 determined according to an instruction from the CPU 25. To do.
- the synthesis information memory 33b stores the synthesis information even when the retouching has not been performed for a predetermined time.
- the combined information memory 33b displays at least one of the first image 7 and the second image 8 and "displays" the pixel, and also displays the deviation between the first image 7 and the second image 8! Store the pixel as "non-display".
- a frame line of a table as the first image 7 and a handwritten diagram as a second image 8 written in a blank space of the table are displayed on the display surface 4.
- the synthetic information save button 5e is pressed and storage of the synthetic information is instructed, the positional information of the table frame line and the positional information of the handwritten diagram written in the table are combined. Is memorized.
- Image data processing of the display device 1 configured as described above will be described with reference to the flowcharts of FIGS. 8 (a) and 8 (b).
- the CPU 25 starts processing.
- the rewriting position memory 33a is initialized, and all the pixels of the display unit 10 are stored as not displaying the second image 8.
- the detection of the position of the tip of the input pen 3 by the input pen position detection unit 6 is started.
- the CPU 25 determines whether or not the first image display button 5a is pressed and the display of the first image 7 is instructed based on a signal from the control button control unit 31 (FIG. 3 ( a) Sl). If it is determined in SI that the display of the first image 7 has been instructed (SI: No), the process proceeds to S3.
- the CPU 25 controls the lower electrode driving circuit 27 and the upper electrode driving circuit 28 to position the first image 7 on a desired pixel.
- An electric signal is applied to the first microcapsule 16 to display the first image 7 on the display surface 4 (S2).
- the CPU 25 determines whether or not the second image save button 5d has been pressed and the storage of the second image position information has been instructed based on a signal from the control button control unit 31 (S3). .
- the CPU 25 determines whether or not the user is instructed to store the combined information obtained by combining the position information regarding the first image 7 and the position information regarding the second image 8 by pressing the composite information save button 5e. Is determined based on a signal from the control button control unit 31 (S5).
- the CPU 25 detects the input force by the input pen position detecting unit 6 before the instruction to store the combined information of the power switch.
- the position information of the tip of the input pen 3 is obtained.
- a pixel displaying at least one of the first image 7 and the second image 8 is displayed, and both the first image 7 and the second image 8 are displayed.
- 33b is updated (S6).
- the CPU 25 determines based on a signal from the control button control section 31 whether or not the first image erasing button 5b is pressed and the erasing of the first image 7 is instructed (S7). .
- the CPU 25 controls the lower electrode driving circuit 27 and the upper electrode driving circuit 28 to An electric signal is applied to the capsule 16, and all the first images 7 displayed on the display surface 4 are deleted (S8).
- the display state of the second image 8 changes. Absent.
- the CPU 25 determines whether or not the second image deletion button 5c has been pressed to instruct the deletion of the second image 8 based on a signal from the control button control unit 31 (S9). .
- the CPU 25 controls the motor actuator 51 to move the bar 50, and the second microcapsule on all the pixels.
- a magnetic signal is applied to 19 to erase the second image 8 written on the display surface 4 (S10).
- the electrophoretic black particles 13 and the electrophoretic white particles 14 in the first microcapsule 16 displaying the first image 7 do not migrate in the first microcapsule 16 even when a magnetic signal is applied.
- the display state of the first image 7 does not change.
- the CPU 25 outputs the second image position information stored in the retouch position memory 33a to the external device (S12).
- the CPU 25 presses the external device “ ⁇ component information output button 5g and presses the external device (not shown) connected via the IZF unit 29 to the composite information stored in the composite information memory 33b. ) Is determined based on a signal from the control button control unit 31 (S13).
- the PU 25 outputs the position information stored in the synthesis information memory 33b to an external device (S14)
- the CPU 25 determines whether or not the display unit 10-second image output button 5h is pressed and the output of the second image position information stored in the retouch position memory 33a to the display unit 10 is instructed. It is determined based on the signal from the control button control unit 31 (S15).
- the CPU 25 controls the lower electrode driving circuit 27 and the upper electrode driving circuit 28 to apply an electric signal to the first microcapsule 16 on the pixel corresponding to the second pixel, and to display the second image position information. Is output to the display unit 10 (S16).
- the red second image 8 written by the magnetic signal before the second image storage button 5d is pressed and stored in the caro brush position memory 33a in response to the pressing of the second image storage button 5d is:
- the first microcapsule 16 to which the electric signal is applied is output to the display unit 10 as a black image.
- the second image position information or the composite information is output to the external device (S15: YES)
- the second image position information is also transmitted to the display unit 10 in S16. They will be output at the same time. Further, even if the first image 7 or the second image 8 has not been erased in S8 or S10, the output to the display unit 10 can be performed.
- the second image is written by hand into the hole, and a correct answer is output to the display unit 10 and displayed on the display surface 4 later, thereby confirming the correctness. Can be.
- the CPU 25 controls whether or not the display section " ⁇ composition information output button 5i is pressed and the output of the composition information stored in the composition information memory 33b to the display section 10 is instructed. The determination is made based on the signal from the button control unit 31 (S17).
- the CPU 25 controls the lower electrode drive circuit 27 and the upper electrode drive circuit 28 to correspond to the composite information.
- An electric signal is applied to the first microcapsule 16 located on the pixel thus set, and the combined information of the first image 7 and the second image 8 stored in the combined information memory 33b is output to the display unit 10 (S18).
- the second image which was displayed in red when added by the magnetic signal, is converted into a black image together with the black first image 7 by the first microcapsules 16 to which the electric signal is applied. Will be output to
- the combined image is also output to the display unit 10 in S18. Further, similarly to the case of S15, even if the first image 7 or the second image 8 has not been deleted in S8 or S10, the output to the display unit 10 can be performed. [0144]
- the process of S18 is completed, the process returns to the process of S1, and the above processes are repeated until the power switch of the main body 2 is turned off.
- the combined information memory 33b stores the combined information.
- the first microcapsules 16 for displaying the first image 7 and the second microcapsules 19 for displaying the second image 8 are mixed, and
- the microcapsule 16 and the second microcapsule 19 display respective images on the display surface 4 based on different signals, respectively, so that both the first image 7 and the second image 8 are mixed and displayed on the display surface 4. be able to.
- the frame line of the table is displayed as the first image 7, and the second image 8 is written in the blank space of the table by the input pen 3.
- a magnetic signal is generated from the lower surface of the second substrate 23 to erase only the second image 8 without rewriting the first image 7 at all. be able to.
- the first image 7 displayed by the electrophoretic black particles 13 in the first microcapsule 16 is black
- the second image 8 displayed by the magnetophoretic particles 17 in the second microcapsule 19 Is red
- the user can easily distinguish the first image 7 from the second image 8.
- the colors of the first image 7 and the second image are not limited to black and red, but may be different as long as the colors (specifically, at least one of hue, saturation, and brightness) are different.
- the position information of the second image 8 can be obtained. Even after erasing, the second image 8 before erasing, or an image obtained by combining the first image 7 and the second image 8 is displayed again on the display surface 4 as the first image 7 or output to an external device. Or you can use it again.
- a case may be considered in which a model of a character is displayed on the display surface 4 as the first image 7 and the model is traced with the input pen 3 to write a handwritten character as the second image 8.
- the position information of the handwritten second image 8 can be stored, even after the handwritten second image 8 is erased, the erased second image 8 can be output to an external device or the like.
- the dispersion liquid 18 in the second microcapsule 19 may be colored by mixing a dye.
- a part of the spectrum of the incident light is a dye in the dispersion 18.
- the second microcapsules 19 are colored.
- the first microcapsules 16 display white.
- the white color displayed by the first microcapsule 16 and the dispersion liquid 18 in the second microcapsule 19 the color displayed by the dye is homogeneously mixed and displayed.
- both the first image 7 and the second image 8 of the display surface 4 are displayed, and the portion is in the dispersion 18 in the second microcapsule 19.
- Dye chromaticity It appears that the lightness of the electrophoretic white particles 14 is enhanced by the white color (see Fig. 2).
- the dispersion liquid 15 in the first microcapsules 16 may be colored using a dye or a pigment that does not undergo electrophoresis, so that only the electrophoretic white particles 14 are included.
- a liquid crystal may be used instead of using the electrophoretic white particles 13 and the electrophoretic black particles 14 to switch between display and non-display of an image.
- the display / non-display of the image may be switched by using a thermosensitive color former and a color developer that change colors by heat energy. .
- the first image signal is an electric signal and the second image signal is a magnetic signal.
- both the first image signal and the second image signal are electric signals. Is also good.
- the first image signal is a low voltage
- the second image signal is a high voltage electric signal
- the tip of input pen 3 and bar 50 are formed of permanent magnets.
- electromagnet force may be formed.
- a permanent magnet is used.
- an electromagnet that generates a magnetic force only when necessary may be used.
- the display device 1 of the present embodiment has only one retouching position memory 33a and one combined information memory 33b, a plurality of these may be provided.
- the position information on the second image 8 written from the time when the erasing process of the second image 8 is performed to the time when the storage of the position information of the image is instructed is defined as one unit. And configured to be stored in an independent memory. Thus, even if the writing and erasing of the second image 8 are repeated a plurality of times, each writing can be individually stored as a unit, output, and used for IJ.
- the display device of the present invention can be used for devices having a display function such as an electronic notebook, a calculator, a whiteboard, a display of a personal computer, and a signboard.
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
- Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
- Electrochromic Elements, Electrophoresis, Or Variable Reflection Or Absorption Elements (AREA)
- Devices For Indicating Variable Information By Combining Individual Elements (AREA)
- Control Of Indicators Other Than Cathode Ray Tubes (AREA)
Abstract
Description
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Cited By (3)
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JP2011107250A (ja) * | 2009-11-13 | 2011-06-02 | Seiko Epson Corp | 電気光学装置及び電子機器 |
JP2011227109A (ja) * | 2010-04-15 | 2011-11-10 | Seiko Epson Corp | 表示シートの製造方法、表示シート、表示装置および電子機器 |
US8988331B2 (en) | 2009-06-29 | 2015-03-24 | Seiko Epson Corporation | Optical recording display device, driving method of the optical recording display device, electro-optical device and electronic apparatus |
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JP2009237395A (ja) * | 2008-03-28 | 2009-10-15 | Seiko Epson Corp | 表示装置および電子機器 |
JP4952639B2 (ja) * | 2008-04-07 | 2012-06-13 | セイコーエプソン株式会社 | 表示装置およびプログラム |
JP2010045527A (ja) * | 2008-08-11 | 2010-02-25 | Brother Ind Ltd | 携帯端末装置及びそのプログラム |
CN104408976B (zh) * | 2014-11-26 | 2017-12-01 | 江汉大学 | 一种电子黑板和成像笔 |
CN108169978B (zh) * | 2018-01-03 | 2021-08-17 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | 电子纸及其制备方法、手写电子纸装置 |
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JP2011227109A (ja) * | 2010-04-15 | 2011-11-10 | Seiko Epson Corp | 表示シートの製造方法、表示シート、表示装置および電子機器 |
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