WO2005065698A1 - Herbal formualtion containing centella asiatica and sesamum indicum as brain tonic - Google Patents
Herbal formualtion containing centella asiatica and sesamum indicum as brain tonic Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2005065698A1 WO2005065698A1 PCT/IB2003/006206 IB0306206W WO2005065698A1 WO 2005065698 A1 WO2005065698 A1 WO 2005065698A1 IB 0306206 W IB0306206 W IB 0306206W WO 2005065698 A1 WO2005065698 A1 WO 2005065698A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- formulation
- synergistic
- range
- dosage
- activity
- Prior art date
Links
- 210000004556 brain Anatomy 0.000 title claims abstract description 62
- 244000000231 Sesamum indicum Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 235000003434 Sesamum indicum Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 244000146462 Centella asiatica Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 235000004032 Centella asiatica Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 230000001256 tonic effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 178
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 172
- 239000012674 herbal formulation Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 208000000044 Amnesia Diseases 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 208000031091 Amnestic disease Diseases 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 230000006986 amnesia Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 210000005036 nerve Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 107
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 55
- 210000005153 frontal cortex Anatomy 0.000 claims description 42
- YLCXGBZIZBEVPZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Medazepam Chemical group C12=CC(Cl)=CC=C2N(C)CCN=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 YLCXGBZIZBEVPZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 34
- 102000016938 Catalase Human genes 0.000 claims description 27
- 108010053835 Catalase Proteins 0.000 claims description 27
- 102000019197 Superoxide Dismutase Human genes 0.000 claims description 27
- 108010012715 Superoxide dismutase Proteins 0.000 claims description 27
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- 230000037326 chronic stress Effects 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 230000035882 stress Effects 0.000 claims description 24
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 231100000673 dose–response relationship Toxicity 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000005856 abnormality Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000019771 cognition Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000006735 deficit Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 210000000952 spleen Anatomy 0.000 claims description 11
- 150000001720 carbohydrates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 10
- 235000014633 carbohydrates Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- 102000003992 Peroxidases Human genes 0.000 claims description 9
- CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N Sucrose Chemical compound O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@]1(CO)O[C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 229930006000 Sucrose Natural products 0.000 claims description 9
- 150000002632 lipids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 9
- 108040007629 peroxidase activity proteins Proteins 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000005720 sucrose Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-QKKXKWKRSA-N Lactose Natural products OC[C@H]1O[C@@H](O[C@H]2[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)O[C@@H]2CO)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H]1O GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-QKKXKWKRSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000037396 body weight Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000008101 lactose Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000006742 locomotor activity Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
- 210000003734 kidney Anatomy 0.000 claims description 7
- 210000004185 liver Anatomy 0.000 claims description 7
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002934 diuretic Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000001882 diuretic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 210000001577 neostriatum Anatomy 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000011302 passive avoidance test Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-XLOQQCSPSA-N Alpha-Lactose Chemical compound O[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@H]1O[C@@H]1[C@@H](CO)O[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-XLOQQCSPSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000019789 appetite Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000036528 appetite Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 208000024891 symptom Diseases 0.000 claims description 5
- 206010024229 Leprosy Diseases 0.000 claims description 4
- 208000007502 anemia Diseases 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 208000017520 skin disease Diseases 0.000 claims description 4
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-KVTDHHQDSA-N D-Mannitol Chemical compound OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-KVTDHHQDSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019739 Dicalciumphosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 229930195725 Mannitol Natural products 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000168 Microcrystalline cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 208000019695 Migraine disease Diseases 0.000 claims description 3
- 208000002193 Pain Diseases 0.000 claims description 3
- 208000012886 Vertigo Diseases 0.000 claims description 3
- 206010052428 Wound Diseases 0.000 claims description 3
- 208000027418 Wounds and injury Diseases 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002249 anxiolytic agent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000007177 brain activity Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001506 calcium phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002775 capsule Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- NEFBYIFKOOEVPA-UHFFFAOYSA-K dicalcium phosphate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NEFBYIFKOOEVPA-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940038472 dicalcium phosphate Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000390 dicalcium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000594 mannitol Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000010355 mannitol Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000008108 microcrystalline cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019813 microcrystalline cellulose Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940016286 microcrystalline cellulose Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 206010027599 migraine Diseases 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000006187 pill Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000419 plant extract Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001509 sodium citrate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- NLJMYIDDQXHKNR-UHFFFAOYSA-K sodium citrate Chemical compound O.O.[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O NLJMYIDDQXHKNR-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 3
- -1 sorbitόl Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000006188 syrup Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000020357 syrup Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003826 tablet Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 231100000889 vertigo Toxicity 0.000 claims description 3
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-FSIIMWSLSA-N D-Glucitol Natural products OC[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-FSIIMWSLSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-JGWLITMVSA-N D-glucitol Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-JGWLITMVSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 241000124008 Mammalia Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012254 powdered material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000600 sorbitol Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000010356 sorbitol Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 229960002668 sodium chloride Drugs 0.000 claims 1
- 229960001790 sodium citrate Drugs 0.000 claims 1
- 229960004793 sucrose Drugs 0.000 claims 1
- 239000012675 alcoholic extract Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000008280 blood Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 210000004369 blood Anatomy 0.000 abstract description 4
- 206010013935 Dysmenorrhoea Diseases 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000003048 aphrodisiac agent Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000002509 aphrodisiac effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000006186 oral dosage form Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 206010033799 Paralysis Diseases 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000007903 gelatin capsule Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 210000003491 skin Anatomy 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 22
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 description 22
- 241000700159 Rattus Species 0.000 description 15
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 10
- 229940032362 superoxide dismutase Drugs 0.000 description 10
- 229930000680 A04AD01 - Scopolamine Natural products 0.000 description 7
- STECJAGHUSJQJN-GAUPFVANSA-N Hyoscine Natural products C1([C@H](CO)C(=O)OC2C[C@@H]3N([C@H](C2)[C@@H]2[C@H]3O2)C)=CC=CC=C1 STECJAGHUSJQJN-GAUPFVANSA-N 0.000 description 7
- STECJAGHUSJQJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methyl-scopolamin Natural products C1C(C2C3O2)N(C)C3CC1OC(=O)C(CO)C1=CC=CC=C1 STECJAGHUSJQJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- STECJAGHUSJQJN-FWXGHANASA-N scopolamine Chemical compound C1([C@@H](CO)C(=O)O[C@H]2C[C@@H]3N([C@H](C2)[C@@H]2[C@H]3O2)C)=CC=CC=C1 STECJAGHUSJQJN-FWXGHANASA-N 0.000 description 7
- 229960002646 scopolamine Drugs 0.000 description 7
- 235000009367 Sesamum alatum Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 6
- 241000699670 Mus sp. Species 0.000 description 5
- 230000001965 increasing effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N Ascorbic acid Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1OC(=O)C(O)=C1O CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000003542 behavioural effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 4
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- PEYUIKBAABKQKQ-AFHBHXEDSA-N (+)-sesamin Chemical compound C1=C2OCOC2=CC([C@H]2OC[C@H]3[C@@H]2CO[C@@H]3C2=CC=C3OCOC3=C2)=C1 PEYUIKBAABKQKQ-AFHBHXEDSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OYHQOLUKZRVURQ-HZJYTTRNSA-N Linoleic acid Chemical compound CCCCC\C=C/C\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O OYHQOLUKZRVURQ-HZJYTTRNSA-N 0.000 description 3
- PVNIIMVLHYAWGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Niacin Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CN=C1 PVNIIMVLHYAWGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ZZMNWJVJUKMZJY-AFHBHXEDSA-N Sesamolin Chemical compound C1=C2OCOC2=CC([C@H]2OC[C@H]3[C@@H]2CO[C@@H]3OC2=CC=C3OCOC3=C2)=C1 ZZMNWJVJUKMZJY-AFHBHXEDSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ZZMNWJVJUKMZJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sesamolin Natural products C1=C2OCOC2=CC(C2OCC3C2COC3OC2=CC=C3OCOC3=C2)=C1 ZZMNWJVJUKMZJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000006708 antioxidants Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- STECJAGHUSJQJN-QBMZJCKTSA-N atroscine Chemical compound C([C@@H]1N([C@H](C2)[C@@H]3[C@H]1O3)C)C2OC(=O)C(CO)C1=CC=CC=C1 STECJAGHUSJQJN-QBMZJCKTSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 3
- PEYUIKBAABKQKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N epiasarinin Natural products C1=C2OCOC2=CC(C2OCC3C2COC3C2=CC=C3OCOC3=C2)=C1 PEYUIKBAABKQKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000001537 neural effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 235000018102 proteins Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 3
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 3
- VRMHCMWQHAXTOR-CMOCDZPBSA-N sesamin Natural products C1=C2OCOC2=CC([C@@H]2OC[C@@]3(C)[C@H](C=4C=C5OCOC5=CC=4)OC[C@]32C)=C1 VRMHCMWQHAXTOR-CMOCDZPBSA-N 0.000 description 3
- YLJREFDVOIBQDA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tacrine Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(N)=C(CCCC3)C3=NC2=C1 YLJREFDVOIBQDA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229960001685 tacrine Drugs 0.000 description 3
- GHOKWGTUZJEAQD-ZETCQYMHSA-N (D)-(+)-Pantothenic acid Chemical compound OCC(C)(C)[C@@H](O)C(=O)NCCC(O)=O GHOKWGTUZJEAQD-ZETCQYMHSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 208000024827 Alzheimer disease Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 201000006474 Brain Ischemia Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 206010008120 Cerebral ischaemia Diseases 0.000 description 2
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UIOFUWFRIANQPC-JKIFEVAISA-N Floxacillin Chemical compound N([C@@H]1C(N2[C@H](C(C)(C)S[C@@H]21)C(O)=O)=O)C(=O)C1=C(C)ON=C1C1=C(F)C=CC=C1Cl UIOFUWFRIANQPC-JKIFEVAISA-N 0.000 description 2
- 206010054787 Haemorrhoidal haemorrhage Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 206010019233 Headaches Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 206010021143 Hypoxia Diseases 0.000 description 2
- AUNGANRZJHBGPY-SCRDCRAPSA-N Riboflavin Chemical compound OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)CN1C=2C=C(C)C(C)=CC=2N=C2C1=NC(=O)NC2=O AUNGANRZJHBGPY-SCRDCRAPSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LUSZGTFNYDARNI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sesamol Natural products OC1=CC=C2OCOC2=C1 LUSZGTFNYDARNI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000001154 acute effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001476 alcoholic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000010323 ascorbic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229960005070 ascorbic acid Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 239000011668 ascorbic acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003177 cardiotonic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 206010008118 cerebral infarction Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 230000001713 cholinergic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001149 cognitive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007596 consolidation process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000003974 emollient agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010685 fatty oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000796 flavoring agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000013355 food flavoring agent Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 231100000869 headache Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 230000007954 hypoxia Effects 0.000 description 2
- 210000003405 ileum Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 2
- IPCSVZSSVZVIGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-hexadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O IPCSVZSSVZVIGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000001968 nicotinic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229960003512 nicotinic acid Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 239000011664 nicotinic acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N oleic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000021313 oleic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 210000000056 organ Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000932 sedative agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229940125723 sedative agent Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 239000008159 sesame oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000011803 sesame oil Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000015112 vegetable and seed oil Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000013343 vitamin Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000011782 vitamin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229940088594 vitamin Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 229930003231 vitamin Natural products 0.000 description 2
- KZJWDPNRJALLNS-VPUBHVLGSA-N (-)-beta-Sitosterol Natural products O[C@@H]1CC=2[C@@](C)([C@@H]3[C@H]([C@H]4[C@@](C)([C@H]([C@H](CC[C@@H](C(C)C)CC)C)CC4)CC3)CC=2)CC1 KZJWDPNRJALLNS-VPUBHVLGSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CSVWWLUMXNHWSU-UHFFFAOYSA-N (22E)-(24xi)-24-ethyl-5alpha-cholest-22-en-3beta-ol Natural products C1CC2CC(O)CCC2(C)C2C1C1CCC(C(C)C=CC(CC)C(C)C)C1(C)CC2 CSVWWLUMXNHWSU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N (E)-8-Octadecenoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCC(O)=O WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KWTSXDURSIMDCE-QMMMGPOBSA-N (S)-amphetamine Chemical compound C[C@H](N)CC1=CC=CC=C1 KWTSXDURSIMDCE-QMMMGPOBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 20:1omega9c fatty acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KLEXDBGYSOIREE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 24xi-n-propylcholesterol Natural products C1C=C2CC(O)CCC2(C)C2C1C1CCC(C(C)CCC(CCC)C(C)C)C1(C)CC2 KLEXDBGYSOIREE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9-Heptadecensaeure Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010001928 Amenorrhoea Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000208173 Apiaceae Species 0.000 description 1
- 102000006734 Beta-Globulins Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010087504 Beta-Globulins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 241000282472 Canis lupus familiaris Species 0.000 description 1
- 206010051290 Central nervous system lesion Diseases 0.000 description 1
- GHOKWGTUZJEAQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chick antidermatitis factor Natural products OCC(C)(C)C(O)C(=O)NCCC(O)=O GHOKWGTUZJEAQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LPZCCMIISIBREI-MTFRKTCUSA-N Citrostadienol Natural products CC=C(CC[C@@H](C)[C@H]1CC[C@H]2C3=CC[C@H]4[C@H](C)[C@@H](O)CC[C@]4(C)[C@H]3CC[C@]12C)C(C)C LPZCCMIISIBREI-MTFRKTCUSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010010071 Coma Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010011224 Cough Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 244000304337 Cuminum cyminum Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000007129 Cuminum cyminum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- AUNGANRZJHBGPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N D-Lyxoflavin Natural products OCC(O)C(O)C(O)CN1C=2C=C(C)C(C)=CC=2N=C2C1=NC(=O)NC2=O AUNGANRZJHBGPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ARVGMISWLZPBCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dehydro-beta-sitosterol Natural products C1C(O)CCC2(C)C(CCC3(C(C(C)CCC(CC)C(C)C)CCC33)C)C3=CC=C21 ARVGMISWLZPBCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010012289 Dementia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010012735 Diarrhoea Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010013911 Dysgeusia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000224432 Entamoeba histolytica Species 0.000 description 1
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000006395 Globulins Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010044091 Globulins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N Glucose Natural products OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 208000031361 Hiccup Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000282412 Homo Species 0.000 description 1
- 101001018064 Homo sapiens Lysosomal-trafficking regulator Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 208000001953 Hypotension Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 235000021353 Lignoceric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- CQXMAMUUWHYSIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lignoceric acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCCC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 CQXMAMUUWHYSIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 240000006240 Linum usitatissimum Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000004431 Linum usitatissimum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 102100033472 Lysosomal-trafficking regulator Human genes 0.000 description 1
- WYQVAPGDARQUBT-FGWHUCSPSA-N Madecassol Chemical compound O([C@@H]1[C@@H](CO)O[C@H]([C@@H]([C@H]1O)O)OC[C@H]1O[C@H]([C@@H]([C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O)O)OC(=O)[C@]12CC[C@H]([C@@H]([C@H]1C=1[C@@]([C@@]3(CC[C@H]4[C@](C)(CO)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)C[C@]4(C)[C@H]3CC=1)C)(C)CC2)C)C)[C@@H]1O[C@@H](C)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H]1O WYQVAPGDARQUBT-FGWHUCSPSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 208000026139 Memory disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 244000038561 Modiola caroliniana Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000010703 Modiola caroliniana Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 208000000112 Myalgia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 235000016698 Nigella sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000090896 Nigella sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000005642 Oleic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000283973 Oryctolagus cuniculus Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000021314 Palmitic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920002230 Pectic acid Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920005439 Perspex® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000021355 Stearic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 208000003028 Stuttering Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010053615 Thermal burn Diseases 0.000 description 1
- JZRWCGZRTZMZEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Thiamine Natural products CC1=C(CCO)SC=[N+]1CC1=CN=C(C)N=C1N JZRWCGZRTZMZEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 208000025865 Ulcer Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000003443 Unconsciousness Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010047700 Vomiting Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004220 aggregation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229930013930 alkaloid Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000003797 alkaloid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000001014 amino acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000001413 amino acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000003109 amnesic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940025084 amphetamine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000002269 analeptic agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000842 anti-protozoal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001754 anti-pyretic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002180 anti-stress Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002221 antipyretic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004596 appetite loss Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006286 aqueous extract Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- WYQVAPGDARQUBT-XCWYDTOWSA-N asiaticoside Natural products O=C(O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO[C@H]2[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O[C@H]3[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](C)O3)[C@@H](CO)O2)O1)[C@@]12[C@@H]([C@@H](C)[C@H](C)CC1)C=1[C@](C)([C@@]3(C)[C@@H]([C@@]4(C)[C@H]([C@@](CO)(C)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)C4)CC3)CC=1)CC2 WYQVAPGDARQUBT-XCWYDTOWSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940022757 asiaticoside Drugs 0.000 description 1
- QCYLIQBVLZBPNK-UHFFFAOYSA-N asiaticoside A Natural products O1C(C(=O)C(C)C)=CC(C)C(C2(C(OC(C)=O)CC34C5)C)C1CC2(C)C3CCC(C1(C)C)C45CCC1OC1OCC(O)C(O)C1O QCYLIQBVLZBPNK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000006399 behavior Effects 0.000 description 1
- MJVXAPPOFPTTCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N beta-Sistosterol Natural products CCC(CCC(C)C1CCC2C3CC=C4C(C)C(O)CCC4(C)C3CCC12C)C(C)C MJVXAPPOFPTTCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LGJMUZUPVCAVPU-UHFFFAOYSA-N beta-Sitostanol Natural products C1CC2CC(O)CCC2(C)C2C1C1CCC(C(C)CCC(CC)C(C)C)C1(C)CC2 LGJMUZUPVCAVPU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NJKOMDUNNDKEAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N beta-sitosterol Natural products CCC(CCC(C)C1CCC2(C)C3CC=C4CC(O)CCC4C3CCC12C)C(C)C NJKOMDUNNDKEAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000036471 bradycardia Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000006218 bradycardia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000004641 brain development Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000005013 brain tissue Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 206010006451 bronchitis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229940124630 bronchodilator Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000000168 bronchodilator agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000014121 butter Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000001413 cellular effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000003169 central nervous system Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000003727 cerebral blood flow Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000026106 cerebrovascular disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940121657 clinical drug Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000002596 correlated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001054 cortical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000994 depressogenic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000003292 diminished effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000002173 dizziness Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000002552 dosage form Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 201000006549 dyspepsia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000008157 edible vegetable oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940088598 enzyme Drugs 0.000 description 1
- FARYTWBWLZAXNK-WAYWQWQTSA-N ethyl (z)-3-(methylamino)but-2-enoate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)\C=C(\C)NC FARYTWBWLZAXNK-WAYWQWQTSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 201000005884 exanthem Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000004426 flaxseed Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000011389 fruit/vegetable juice Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229930182830 galactose Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 208000018997 giddiness Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000008103 glucose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000005456 glyceride group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229930182470 glycoside Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002338 glycosides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 208000024798 heartburn Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 235000008216 herbs Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 208000023513 hiccough Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 210000001320 hippocampus Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000036543 hypotension Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002631 hypothermal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000010365 information processing Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002917 insecticide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 208000028867 ischemia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000000302 ischemic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N isooleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000008141 laxative Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002475 laxative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002197 limbic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000003715 limbic system Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 229960004232 linoleic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000020778 linoleic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000005923 long-lasting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000019017 loss of appetite Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 235000021266 loss of appetite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012054 meals Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001404 mediated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006984 memory degeneration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006386 memory function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006993 memory improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000023060 memory loss Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000007595 memory recall Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002266 menstruation inducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013336 milk Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008267 milk Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000004080 milk Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000000877 morphologic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940035363 muscle relaxants Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000003158 myorelaxant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- WQEPLUUGTLDZJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Pentadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O WQEPLUUGTLDZJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003533 narcotic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000002569 neuron Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 231100000252 nontoxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000003000 nontoxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 description 1
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC(C)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940055726 pantothenic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000019161 pantothenic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011713 pantothenic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000037361 pathway Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002085 persistent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002831 pharmacologic agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002530 phenolic antioxidant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011505 plaster Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004926 polymethyl methacrylate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013641 positive control Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000002307 prostate Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000008433 psychological processes and functions Effects 0.000 description 1
- 206010037844 rash Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000000384 rearing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012261 resinous substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003169 respiratory stimulant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 201000009570 retrograde amnesia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 235000019192 riboflavin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229960002477 riboflavin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000002151 riboflavin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002000 scavenging effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001624 sedative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000015500 sitosterol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- KZJWDPNRJALLNS-VJSFXXLFSA-N sitosterol Chemical compound C1C=C2C[C@@H](O)CC[C@]2(C)[C@@H]2[C@@H]1[C@@H]1CC[C@H]([C@H](C)CC[C@@H](CC)C(C)C)[C@@]1(C)CC2 KZJWDPNRJALLNS-VJSFXXLFSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229950005143 sitosterol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- NLQLSVXGSXCXFE-UHFFFAOYSA-N sitosterol Natural products CC=C(/CCC(C)C1CC2C3=CCC4C(C)C(O)CCC4(C)C3CCC2(C)C1)C(C)C NLQLSVXGSXCXFE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002557 soporific effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000008925 spontaneous activity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002269 spontaneous effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008117 stearic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000638 stimulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000002784 stomach Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000946 synaptic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940126585 therapeutic drug Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000001225 therapeutic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229960003495 thiamine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000019157 thiamine Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- KYMBYSLLVAOCFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiamine Chemical compound CC1=C(CCO)SCN1CC1=CN=C(C)N=C1N KYMBYSLLVAOCFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011721 thiamine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000816 toxic dose Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 231100000041 toxicology testing Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 231100000397 ulcer Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002485 urinary effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008158 vegetable oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000341 volatile oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008673 vomiting Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K36/00—Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
- A61K36/18—Magnoliophyta (angiosperms)
- A61K36/185—Magnoliopsida (dicotyledons)
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K36/00—Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
- A61K36/18—Magnoliophyta (angiosperms)
- A61K36/185—Magnoliopsida (dicotyledons)
- A61K36/23—Apiaceae or Umbelliferae (Carrot family), e.g. dill, chervil, coriander or cumin
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P1/00—Drugs for disorders of the alimentary tract or the digestive system
- A61P1/04—Drugs for disorders of the alimentary tract or the digestive system for ulcers, gastritis or reflux esophagitis, e.g. antacids, inhibitors of acid secretion, mucosal protectants
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P1/00—Drugs for disorders of the alimentary tract or the digestive system
- A61P1/08—Drugs for disorders of the alimentary tract or the digestive system for nausea, cinetosis or vertigo; Antiemetics
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P1/00—Drugs for disorders of the alimentary tract or the digestive system
- A61P1/14—Prodigestives, e.g. acids, enzymes, appetite stimulants, antidyspeptics, tonics, antiflatulents
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P1/00—Drugs for disorders of the alimentary tract or the digestive system
- A61P1/16—Drugs for disorders of the alimentary tract or the digestive system for liver or gallbladder disorders, e.g. hepatoprotective agents, cholagogues, litholytics
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P13/00—Drugs for disorders of the urinary system
- A61P13/12—Drugs for disorders of the urinary system of the kidneys
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P17/00—Drugs for dermatological disorders
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P17/00—Drugs for dermatological disorders
- A61P17/02—Drugs for dermatological disorders for treating wounds, ulcers, burns, scars, keloids, or the like
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P19/00—Drugs for skeletal disorders
- A61P19/08—Drugs for skeletal disorders for bone diseases, e.g. rachitism, Paget's disease
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
- A61P25/06—Antimigraine agents
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
- A61P25/28—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system for treating neurodegenerative disorders of the central nervous system, e.g. nootropic agents, cognition enhancers, drugs for treating Alzheimer's disease or other forms of dementia
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P31/00—Antiinfectives, i.e. antibiotics, antiseptics, chemotherapeutics
- A61P31/04—Antibacterial agents
- A61P31/08—Antibacterial agents for leprosy
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P39/00—General protective or antinoxious agents
- A61P39/06—Free radical scavengers or antioxidants
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P7/00—Drugs for disorders of the blood or the extracellular fluid
- A61P7/06—Antianaemics
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P7/00—Drugs for disorders of the blood or the extracellular fluid
- A61P7/10—Antioedematous agents; Diuretics
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P9/00—Drugs for disorders of the cardiovascular system
- A61P9/10—Drugs for disorders of the cardiovascular system for treating ischaemic or atherosclerotic diseases, e.g. antianginal drugs, coronary vasodilators, drugs for myocardial infarction, retinopathy, cerebrovascula insufficiency, renal arteriosclerosis
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P9/00—Drugs for disorders of the cardiovascular system
- A61P9/14—Vasoprotectives; Antihaemorrhoidals; Drugs for varicose therapy; Capillary stabilisers
Definitions
- FIELD OF THE INVENTION A novel synergistic herbal formulation as a brain tonic, cognition, improvement of memory and treatment of amnesia and in recalling of thoughts.
- BACKGROUND AND PRIOR ART OF THE INVENTION A major discovery of the past two decades in the field of neurosciences has been the elucidation of behavioral, neurobiological and cellular basis of learning and memory processes.
- the brain is an assembly of interrelated neural systems that regulates their owns and each other's activity in a dynamic, complex fashion. Morphological properties of central neurons have been very useful for the description of the functional characteristics. Learning is defined as the acquisition of information and skills, and subsequent retention of that information is called memory. The subsequently deterioration of retention of information which in medical term is known as " amnesia".
- the main object of the present invention provides a synergistic herbal formulation as a brain tonic, cognition, recalling of thoughts and as an antioxiadant capable of treating or preventing amnesia and having property for improving memory.
- Another object of the present invention provides a method of preparing a synergistic herbal formulation as a brain tonic, cognition, recalling of thoughts and as an antioxiadant capable of treating or preventing amnesia and having property for improving memory.
- Yet another object of the present invention provides a use of synergistic herbal formulation as a brain tonic, cognition, recalling of thoughts and as an antioxiadant capable of treating or preventing amnesia and having property for improving memory.
- the present invention provides a herbal formulation useful in the treatment of herbal dosage form from the seed oil of Sesamum indicum used as a brain tonic and cognition.
- the herbal oil comprising of sesamin, sesamolin, sesamol (a phenolic antioxidant) vitamins, proteins and aminoacids.
- Sesame oil varies from light to deep reddish yellow in colour. It is used as nourishing food and flavoring agent.
- Sesamum seeds are considered as emollient, diuretic, lactagogue and a nourishing tonic and said to be useful in curing bleeding piles and also from the fresh leaves extract of centilla asiatica that is having a potential memory enhanching role and also we have found to produce transquilizing effects.
- the extracts comprising of centoic acid, centellic acid, oleic acid linolic acid, linolenic and lingocericacid. It is used as acures for leucoderma,bronchitis, kapha, enlargement of spleen(Ayurveda) . It is also used as a cardio tonic diuretic and also used to improve appetite (Yunani). It was shown that it produce a significant improvement in general ability and behavioural pattern.
- Botanical description A genus of annual or perennial herbs or occasionally shrubs found in the warmer regions of Africa, Asia and Australia. About six species are recorded in India of which Sesamum indicum is widely cultivated. An erect, branched or un branched annual 60-180 cm high, cultivated throughout the plains of India and upto an altitude of 1,200m. Leaves 7.5-12.5 cm simple (or) when variable, with upper ones narrowly oblong, middle ones ovate and toothed and the lower ones lob ate or pedatisect. Flowers white, pink or mauve pink with darker markings, borne in racemes in the leaf axils, fruit capsular, oblong.
- seasame seed is used as a nourishing food and also as flavouring agent. It is invariably dehulled for use of food. The method of dehulling consists in soaking the seed in cold water overnight, followed by partial drying and rubbing against a rough surface. Sesamin and sesamolin exhibit little antioxidant activity.
- Phytochemistry The oleaginous edible seeds of Sesamum indicum esteemed for their oil,have acquired, in recent years, additional importance as a source of protein for human nutrition.
- Sesamum seeds are considered emollient, diuretic, lactagogue and a nourishing tonic. They are said to be helpful in piles, a paste of seeds mixed with butter being used in bleeding piles. A decoction of seeds is said to be an emmenagogue and also use in cough. Combined with linseed, the decoction of seeds is used as an aphrodisiac. A plaster made of ground seeds are applied to burns, scalds, and etc. and a poultice of the seeds is applied to ulcers. Powdered seeds are used in amenorrhoea and dysmenorrhoea (Kirt, & Basu, ⁇ , 1859; Nadkarni,I, 1128).
- Centella asiatica Family Umbelliferae Botanical description: A slender herbaceous creeping; stem long, prostate coming off from theleaf-axils of a vertical rootstock, filiform,often reddish, and with long internodes,rooting at the nodes.
- Medicinal uses The plant is Acrid, bitter, digestible, laxative, cooling effect, tonic, and antipyretic, improve appetite (Yunani), cures leucoderma anaemia, urinary discharge, disease of blood, use in insanity (Ayurveda).
- the plant has bad taste; soporific, sedatives to the nerves, acts as a cardiotonic clears the voice and the brain; cures hiccough, headache.
- the plant is considered as a useful alixative and tonic in diseases of skin, nerves.
- the people are in the habit of taking the powdered dried leaves with milk for improving their general intelligence.
- the leaves are said to be useful in syphilitic skin diseases, both externally and internally; and on the malabar coast, the plant is one of the remedies for leprosy.
- konkan one or two leaves are given every morning to cure stuttering; and the juice is applied (generally as a lep with Cadamba bark, and black cumin) to skin eruption supposed to arise from heat of blood.
- Phytochemistry The alcoholic extract of herb an essential oil, green in colour and possing the strong odour of the herb, fatty oil, sitosterol and a resinous substance have been obtained.
- the fatty oil consists of the glyceride, linolic, lignoceric, palmitic and stearic acid.
- An alkaloid hydrocortylin has been obtained from the dried plant. Nellarine, pectic acids are present in the leaves and roots. The plants also contain ascorbic acid in a cone. Of 13.8 mg%.
- a glycoside asiaticoside has been isolated from the plant. The major componant of the triterpine mixture is centoic acid.
- the ususal dose for the oral administration is 5-10 grains of the plant powder thrice daily. In larger doses, the drug is a simplifying narcotic, producing giddiness and some times coma.
- the alcoholic extract produce tranquillising effect in rats. It was found non-toxic up to a dose of 350-mg/kg i.p.
- the alcoholic and aqueous extracts antagonise spontaneous contraction and also caused relaxation of musculature of isolated ileum of rat.
- the alcoholic extract was found to have depressant effect in rat in toxic doses.
- the glycosidal fractions have a sedative action in rats.
- the main embodiment of the present invention relates to a synergistic herbal formulation as a brain tonic, cognition, recalling of thoughts and as an antioxiadant capable of treating or preventing amnesia and having property for improving memory, said formulation comprising pharmaceutically acceptable amounts of extracts from plants Centella asiatica and Sesamum indiucm optionally along with acceptable salt/s, carrier/s or dilutent/s.
- Another embodiment of the present invention relates to a method of preparing a synergistic herbal formulation as a brain tonic, cognition, recalling of thoughts and as an antioxiadant capable of treating or preventing amnesia and having property for improving memory as a brain tonic and as an antioxiadant capable of treating or preventing amnesia and having property for improving memory, said method comprising steps of : (a) extracting the powdered material obtained from seeds of Sesamum indicum and leaves of Centella asiatica in aqueous alcohol, (b) filtering the extract of step (a) to remove the debris, , (c) concentrating and lyophislizing the filtrate obtained from step (b) at a temperature of less than about 55°C, and (d) mixing the plant extracts obtained in step (c) with carbohydrates of about 70 % and alcohol of about 12 % to make a volume of 100 ml to obtain the formulation
- Yet another embodiment of the present invention relates to the aqueous alcohol in steps (a)
- Another embodiment of the present invention relates to the aqueous alcohol in step (a) wherein the aqueous alcohol is about 50%.
- One more embodiment of the present invention relates to the temperature wherein the temperature in the step (b) is about 50°C.
- Yet another embodiment of the present invention relates to the carbohydrates, wherein the carbohydrates in step (d) are selected from sucrose or lactose.
- one more embodiment of the present invention relates to the carbohydrates, wherein carbohydrate concentration is about 66%.
- Another embodiment of the present invention relates to the a use of synergistic herbal formulation as a brain tonic, cognition, recalling of thoughts and as an antioxiadant capable of treating or preventing amnesia and having property for improving memory for improving memory and treatment or prevention of amnesia in mammals, particularly humans said use comprising administering synergistic herbal formulation of extracts from plants Centella asiatica and Seasmum indicum optionally along with pharamaceutically acceptable salt/s, carrier/s or dilutent/s to a subject.
- Another embodiment of the present invention relates to Sesamum indicum oil and Centella asiatica oil wherein Sesamum indicum oil is in the range of about 2-20 % and Centella asiatica oil is in the range of about 1-15%.
- One more embodiment ' of the present invention relates to Sesamum indicum oil and Centella asiatica oil wherein Sesamum indicum oil is about 10 % and Centella asiatica oil is 5%.
- the extract of the formulation wherein the said formulation comprises Sesamum indicum oil is about 4 % and Centella asiatica oil is about 2%.
- Yet another embodiment of the present invention relates to the formulation wherein said formulation may be delivered in form of capsule, tablet, syrup, suspension , pills or elixirs.
- Another embodiment of the present invention relates to the extract of the formulation wherein said extract of the formulation is obtained from leaves of Centella asiatica and seeds o ⁇ Sesaumum indicum.
- One more embodiment of the present invention relates to the plant parts, wherein plant parts are selected from a group consisting of seeds of white and black varieties and leaves.
- plant parts are selected from a group consisting of seeds of white and black varieties and leaves.
- said formulation is used for curing migraine, vertigo, leucoderma, anaemia and improve appetite.
- formulation may be used for curing wounds, fractures, syphilitic skin diseases, both externally and internally and also in treatment of leprosy and to ameliorate the symptoms of disease and to improve the general health of the patient.
- Still another embodiment of the present invention relates to the formulation wherein the said formulation is used to reduce the pain of piles, stomachic, and enlargement of spleen.
- Another embodiment of the present invention relates to the dosage of the formulation wherein said dosage of the formulation in the range of about 20-110 mg/kg does not show abnormality of the locomotor activity, on passive avoidance test showed significant and dose dependent activity, showed significant and dose dependent antioxidant activity of the frontal cortex and of striatum regions of the brain.
- Another embodiment of the present invention relates to the dosage of the formulation wherein said dosage of the formulation in the range of about 25-100 mg/kg does not show abnormality of the locomotor activity, on passive avoidance test shows significant and dose dependent activity and shows significant and dose dependent antioxidant activity of the frontal cortex and of striatum regions of the brain.
- Still another embodiment of the present invention relates to the formulation wherein formulation reduces the latency period in the range of about 0.05 to 2.0 seconds.
- One more embodiment of the present invention relates to the formulation, wherein the said formulation enhances the body weight in the range of about 140 to 170 gms
- One more embodiment of the present invention relates to the formulation, wherein the said formulation enhances the body weight in the range of about 141.6 to 168.7 gms
- Still another embodiment of the present invention relates to the formulation, wherein the said formulation enhances the kidney weight in the range of about 0.80 to 1.5 gms.
- Still another embodiment of the present invention relates to the formulation, wherein said • formulation enhances the kidney weight in the range of about 0.82 to 1.03 gms.
- Yet another embodiment of the present invention relates to the formulation wherein said formulation enhances the liver weight in the range of about 4 to 7 gms.
- Yet another embodiment of the present invention relates to the formulation wherein said formulation enhances the liver weight in the range of about 5.26 to 6.42 gms.
- One more embodiment of the present invention relates to the formulation wherein said formulation enhances the spleen weight in the range of about 0.60 to 0.80 gms.
- One more embodiment of the present invention relates to the formulation wherein said formulation enhances the spleen weight in the range of about 0.63 to 0.76 gms.
- Another embodiment of the present invention relates to the formulation wherein said formulation under non-stress conditions lowers the lipid peroxidase (LPO) activity in the frontal cortex and stratium regions of the brain in the range of 1.0 to 5.0.
- LPO lipid peroxidase
- LPO lipid peroxidase
- Another embodiment of the present invention relates to the formulation wherein said formulation under non-stress conditions enhances the superoxide dismutase (SOD) in the frontal cortex and stratium regions of the brain activity in the range of 22 to 40.
- Another embodiment of the present invention relates to the formulation wherein said formulation non-stress conditions enhance the superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in the frontal cortex and stratium regions of the brain in the range of 23.2 to 30.3.
- One more embodiment of the present invention relates tot the formulation wherein the said formulation under chronic stress conditions enhance CAT activity in the frontal cortex and stratium regions of the brain in the range of 10 to 25.
- One more embodiment of the present invention relates tot the formulation wherein the said formulation under chronic stress conditions enhance CAT activity in the frontal cortex and stratium regions of the brain in the range of 12.4 to 22.5.
- composition of the present invention is a synergistic composition since it shows unexpected properties, hi fact, the composition is not a mere admixture showing the aggregation of the properties of its ingredients only. On the other hand, it provides surprisingly enhanced amounts of individual properties, which is totally non-obvious.
- Example 1 The invention is further illustrated by the following non-limiting examples.
- Formulation (FI) Sesamum indicum 2wt. % Sucrose/Lactose 66.7g/1.2g Alcohol lOwt. % Water q.s. to make 100 ml
- Formulation (F2) Centella asiatica 2wt. % Sucrose/Lactose 66.7g/1.2g Alcohol lOwt. % Water q.s. to make 100 ml
- Formulation (F3) Sesamum indicum 4wt. % Centella asiatica 2wt. % Sucrose/Lactose 66.7g/1.2g Alcohol lOwt. % Water q.s. to make 100 ml
- the locomotor activity was measured by an open-field method.
- the apparatus put in the soundproof, darkened room was a round open field (bottom diameter, 60cm; height, 50cm).
- the bottom was divided into 19 parts that were equal in area.
- a 100-W lamp was positioned 80cm above the bottom each rat was placed at the center of the open field and the spontaneous activity (ambulation and rearing) was recorded for 5 min.
- Passive avoidance task step-down test:
- a step-down passive avoidance was examined using apparatus consisted of a box (25 x 25 x 40 cm), a floor with stainless-steel grid 2mm in diameter at 8-mm intervals, and a rubber platform (4cm diameter, 4cm height) set on the grid in one corner. Electric stimulation was given through the grid connected with a scrambled shock generator. After 24hr of cerebral ischemia/scopolamine (0.4 mg/kg, i.p.), an acquisition trail was performed. For this trial, each rat was placed gently on the platform and allowed to habituate freely for 3min, and then electric shock (0.4mA) were delivered to the grid. If the rat stepped down from the platform, the electric shock was delivered to the rat on the grid floor. The cut off time was 2 min.
- a retention trail was performed 24hr after the acquisition trail. Each rat was again placed on the platform. The time (step-down latency) that elapsed until the rats stepped down from the electric grid of the platform to shock free zone was recorded. If the rat did not step down from the platform within 2 min's, the retention trail was terminated and the maximal step down latency of 2 min was recorded. An error was counted when ever the rat stepped down from the platform and the number of error made in 2 min was recorded (Tables 1 to4).
- mice were subjected to daily lhr footshock through a grid floor in a Perspex box for 21 days.
- the duration of each shock (2mA) and the intervals between the shock was randomly programmed between 3-5sec and 10-110 sec, respectively and brain tissue was separated for the detailed central antioxidant enzymes (Tables 5to 6).
- Table 1 Effect of formulation FI on impairment of memory acquisition in step- down test in mice
- the formulation FI contains the Sesamum oil only
- Treatment Memory parameters (Mg/kg) Latency (sec) No of mistakes Control 4.32 ⁇ 0.02 21.2 ⁇ 3.6 Scopalamine 0.4 7.8 ⁇ 0.03° 65.3 ⁇ 8.6° F2 25 6.3 ⁇ 0.02 x 53.2 + 7.1 F2 50 5.9 ⁇ 0.02 x 46.2 ⁇ 7.3 X F2 100 4.2 ⁇ 0.01 x 32.1 ⁇ 4.1 y
- the formulation F2 contains Centella asiatica only. The result showed a significant decrease in number of mistakes but when we see the table 1 the number of mistakes done with FI formulation is less than F2 formulation. Whereas the scopolamine showed a significant increase in number of mistakes.
- Treatment Memory parameters (Mg/kg) Latency (Sec) No of mistakes Control 3.89 ⁇ 0.02 20.9 ⁇ 3.2 Scopalamine 0.4 7.8 ⁇ 0.04 c 69.8 ⁇ 8.9 c F3 25 1.2 ⁇ 0.02 x 20.3 ⁇ 6.9 X F3 50 0.8 ⁇ 0.03 x 10.5 ⁇ 3.4 X F3 100 0.2 ⁇ 0.02 x 2.9 ⁇ 3.2 X Tacrine 1 0.1 ⁇ 0.02 x 2.4 ⁇ 2.6 X P: c ⁇ 0.001 compared to control group.
- F3 formulation contains Sesamum indicum plus Centella asiatica.
- the results of Table 3 represents a highly significant effect with the dose. Whereas Tacrine is a positive control showed a better result but as a synthetic drug the side effect on saturation of various receptors cannot be ignored. The scopolamine treated animals showed negative results of losing the memory and increased the number of mistakes. Therefore F3 formulation showed a synergetic effect than that of FI (Table 1) and F2 (Table2) formulations.
- Tacrine (l,2,3,4-tetrahydro-5-aminoacridine or THA) (Summers et al, Clinical Tox 1980;16(3):269-281) is more effective in improving memory in Alzheimer's patients and used to treat the symptoms of Alzheimer's disease, but it does not cure the disease and it also upset the stomach, vomiting, diarrhea, heartburn, muscle aches, headache, loss of appetite etc.
- F3 formulation contains mixure of Sesamum indicum and Centella asiatica.
- the results of the table 4 shows there is no significant changes in body weight of various vital organs in the body in toxicity studies.
- Table 5 Effect of formulation F3 in chronic stress (CS) induced perturbations in frontal cortex of brain region and the levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and lipid peroxidase (LPO)
- SOD superoxide dismutase
- CAT catalase
- LPO lipid peroxidase
- the F3 formulation contains Sesamum indicum and Centella asiatica.
- table5 represents a significant antioxidant activity by increasing the levels of catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) in frontal cortex of brain region as such with,F3 formulation and also in chronic stress (CS) with F3 formulation.
- CAT catalase
- SOD superoxide dismutase
- the lipid peroxidase (LPO) product was scavenged in higher dose with F3 formulation and the levels were lowered. Therefore the F3 shows antioxidant activity in frontal cortex in brain. Note: There is no mortality / gross abnormality was observed in the animals during the treatment of Sesamum indicum oil.
- Table 6 Effect of formulation (F3) on chronic stress (CS) induced perturbations in stratium of brain region and the levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and lipid peroxidase (LPO).
- SOD superoxide dismutase
- CAT catalase
- LPO lipid peroxidase
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Natural Medicines & Medicinal Plants (AREA)
- Epidemiology (AREA)
- Mycology (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Medical Informatics (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Alternative & Traditional Medicine (AREA)
- Neurology (AREA)
- Neurosurgery (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Dermatology (AREA)
- Cardiology (AREA)
- Vascular Medicine (AREA)
- Hospice & Palliative Care (AREA)
- Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
- Urology & Nephrology (AREA)
- Hematology (AREA)
- Diabetes (AREA)
- Physical Education & Sports Medicine (AREA)
- Psychiatry (AREA)
- Orthopedic Medicine & Surgery (AREA)
- Communicable Diseases (AREA)
- Gastroenterology & Hepatology (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a novel herbal formulation used to improve the memory and in treatement of amnesia as a brain tonic. Formulation(s) comprises of oleaginous oil of Sesamum indicum and the alcoholic extract of Centella asiatica. Conventionally used as emulsion or as a soft gelatin capsule for oral dosage forms. Sesamum indicum used in paralysis, aphrodisiac and dysmenorrhoea. The plant of Centella asiatica is considered as a useful alternative and tonic in diseases of the skin, nerves and blood.
Description
HERBAL FORMULATION CONTAINING CENTELLA ASIATICA AND SESAMUM INDICUM AS BRAIN TONIC
FIELD OF THE INVENTION A novel synergistic herbal formulation as a brain tonic, cognition, improvement of memory and treatment of amnesia and in recalling of thoughts. BACKGROUND AND PRIOR ART OF THE INVENTION A major discovery of the past two decades in the field of neurosciences has been the elucidation of behavioral, neurobiological and cellular basis of learning and memory processes. The brain is an assembly of interrelated neural systems that regulates their owns and each other's activity in a dynamic, complex fashion. Morphological properties of central neurons have been very useful for the description of the functional characteristics. Learning is defined as the acquisition of information and skills, and subsequent retention of that information is called memory. The subsequently deterioration of retention of information which in medical term is known as " amnesia". Accordingly, effect of a wide variety of pharmacological agents or brain lesion on cognitive behavior have been studied and most validly interpreted as "enhancement or impairment" of learning and memory process. Learning and memory can be conceived as both psychological process as well as a change in synaptic neural connectivity. The development of scientifically validated models of ischemia induced- amnesia is vital to the analysis of the functional consequences of ischemic damage and to testing the behavioral efficacy of potentially therapeutic drugs. The role of medicinal plants in increasing the memory and acting as a brain tonic is still much underestimated. Besides this, certain oils have been found to be used as sedatives, central nervous system stimulants, adaptogens, bronchodilators, anti-stress and muscle relaxants (Singh et al, 2000). During late prenatal and early postnatal brain development, the cholinergic system in the central nervous system plays an important role in learning and memory function and that brain cholinergic hypofunction causes dementia with symptoms such as memory loss and disorientation in cerebrovascular or alzheimers disease (Coyle et al 1983). Following cerebral ischemia, a reduction in the cerebral blood flow and blood oxygen occur. It has also been reported that hypoxia induces a reduction of memory and judgement that is associated with a decrease in acetylcholme synthesis (Gibson and Duffy, 1981). Principally, main characteristic of memory formation in animals, as well as in human being, is its progression from a short-lived labile form to a long- lasting
stable form. During this period of consolidation, memory can be disrupted by administration of a wide variety of amnesia-inducing agents. Electroconvulsive shock, hypothermia and hypoxia are non-invasive procedures that can render the animal unconscious, inducing retrograde amnesia through mechanisms correlated to the practical utility to the clinical drugs. The retrieval hypothesis postulates that amnesic agents disrupt memory recall rather than storage, as the effect of some agents dimmish over time resulting in the reappearance of normal memory retention. The consolidation of information is mediated by limbic structures, with the hippocampal formation particularly playing a key role in memory processing. The major pathways have been proposed in the limbic system and cortical structures as being responsible for the neuronal interconnection of information processing. Drugs like amphetamine, caffeine- containing substances which has a stimulant activity on memory. Accordingly, studies shown that the herbal formulation(s) having the property of improving the memory and used in treatment of amnesia as a brain tonic and acting as a central antioxidant. OBJECT OF THE INVENTION The main object of the present invention provides a synergistic herbal formulation as a brain tonic, cognition, recalling of thoughts and as an antioxiadant capable of treating or preventing amnesia and having property for improving memory.
Another object of the present invention provides a method of preparing a synergistic herbal formulation as a brain tonic, cognition, recalling of thoughts and as an antioxiadant capable of treating or preventing amnesia and having property for improving memory.
Yet another object of the present invention provides a use of synergistic herbal formulation as a brain tonic, cognition, recalling of thoughts and as an antioxiadant capable of treating or preventing amnesia and having property for improving memory. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The present invention provides a herbal formulation useful in the treatment of herbal dosage form from the seed oil of Sesamum indicum used as a brain tonic and cognition. The herbal oil comprising of sesamin, sesamolin, sesamol (a phenolic antioxidant) vitamins, proteins and aminoacids. Sesame oil varies from light to deep reddish yellow in colour. It is used as nourishing food and flavoring agent. Sesamum seeds are considered as emollient, diuretic, lactagogue and a nourishing tonic and said to be useful
in curing bleeding piles and also from the fresh leaves extract of centilla asiatica that is having a potential memory enhanching role and also we have found to produce transquilizing effects. The extracts comprising of centoic acid, centellic acid, oleic acid linolic acid, linolenic and lingocericacid. It is used as acures for leucoderma,bronchitis, kapha, enlargement of spleen(Ayurveda) . It is also used as a cardio tonic diuretic and also used to improve appetite (Yunani). It was shown that it produce a significant improvement in general ability and behavioural pattern. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Sesamum indicum Linn. Family: Pedaliacae
Botanical description: A genus of annual or perennial herbs or occasionally shrubs found in the warmer regions of Africa, Asia and Australia. About six species are recorded in India of which Sesamum indicum is widely cultivated. An erect, branched or un branched annual 60-180 cm high, cultivated throughout the plains of India and upto an altitude of 1,200m. Leaves 7.5-12.5 cm simple (or) when variable, with upper ones narrowly oblong, middle ones ovate and toothed and the lower ones lob ate or pedatisect. Flowers white, pink or mauve pink with darker markings, borne in racemes in the leaf axils, fruit capsular, oblong. Quadrangular, slightly compressed, deeply 4-grooved, 1.5-5 cm long, seeds black, brown or white 2.5-3 mm long and 1.5 mm broad. (Wealth of India, 1992) Medicinal uses: seasame seed is used as a nourishing food and also as flavouring agent. It is invariably dehulled for use of food. The method of dehulling consists in soaking the seed in cold water overnight, followed by partial drying and rubbing against a rough surface. Sesamin and sesamolin exhibit little antioxidant activity. (Wealth of India, 1992) Phytochemistry: The oleaginous edible seeds of Sesamum indicum esteemed for their oil,have acquired, in recent years, additional importance as a source of protein for human nutrition. It varies in colour from white,through brown,to black. Analyses of seeds grown in various parts of the world for their proximate composition gave values which lies within the ranges (in g/lOOg, of dry seed): moisture, 4.1-6.5; ether extr., 43.0-56.8; protein 17.6-26.4; crude fibre,2.9-8.6; carbohydrates,9.1-25.3; it also contain vitamins ,fairly rich in thiamine and niacin. It also contains othervitamins like riboflavin, nicotinic acid, 80.0; pantothenic acid, 9.5; and ascorbic acid in trace amount. It also contains carbohydrates from the alcoholic extraction of deffated seed meal (% dry-matter basis) like glucose, 2.6; sucrose, 0.57; galactose, 1.1; andraffinose in trace amount. I contain
the principal protein globulin (alpha and beta globulin). Sesame oil is rich in oleic and linoleic acids, which together constitute account for 85 per cent of total fatty acids. The main constituent of studying its minor constituents of the oil contain two constitutes, sesamin and sesamolin, which are not found in any vegetable oil and responsible for the synergistic effect on the action of insecticides. Another compound, sesamol, aphenolic antioxidant, is usually present in traces.
Pharmacology: The sesamum oil having the antioxidant activity. Sesamum seeds are considered emollient, diuretic, lactagogue and a nourishing tonic. They are said to be helpful in piles, a paste of seeds mixed with butter being used in bleeding piles. A decoction of seeds is said to be an emmenagogue and also use in cough. Combined with linseed, the decoction of seeds is used as an aphrodisiac. A plaster made of ground seeds are applied to burns, scalds, and etc. and a poultice of the seeds is applied to ulcers. Powdered seeds are used in amenorrhoea and dysmenorrhoea (Kirt, & Basu,π, 1859; Nadkarni,I, 1128).
Centella asiatica Family: Umbelliferae Botanical description: A slender herbaceous creeping; stem long, prostate coming off from theleaf-axils of a vertical rootstock, filiform,often reddish, and with long internodes,rooting at the nodes. Leaves 1.3-6.3 cm in diameter., several from the rootstock which often have much elongated petioles, and 1-3 from each nodes of the stems, orbulicar,reniform, rather broader than long, more or less cupped, entire or shallowly crenate,glabrous on both sides, and with numerous slender nerves from a deeply cordate base; petioles very variable in length 7.5-15 cm long or more, channelled,glabrous or nearly so; stipule short, adnate to the petioles forming a sheating base. Flower in fasicicled umbel consisting of 3-4 pink,sessile (rarelt pedicelled) flowers; peduncles pubescent or glabrous, short,pink bracts ovate,acute,concave,2 beneath each umbel. Calyx-teeth 0. petals minute, pink, ovate acute. Fruit 4mm. Long, longer than broad, ovoid, hard, with thickened pericarp, reticulate-rugose, often crowned by the persistent petals, the peimary and secondary ridges distinct. Distributed through India, Ceylon and also in tropical and subtropical region of the world. Medicinal uses: The plant is Acrid, bitter, digestible, laxative, cooling effect, tonic, and antipyretic, improve appetite (Yunani), cures leucoderma anaemia, urinary discharge, disease of blood, use in insanity (Ayurveda). The plant has bad taste; soporific, sedatives
to the nerves, acts as a cardiotonic clears the voice and the brain; cures hiccough, headache. The plant is considered as a useful alernative and tonic in diseases of skin, nerves. In some part of India, the people are in the habit of taking the powdered dried leaves with milk for improving their general intelligence.the leaves are said to be useful in syphilitic skin diseases, both externally and internally; and on the malabar coast, the plant is one of the remedies for leprosy. It is also a popular remedy for slight dysenteric derangement of bowls to which children are subject: three or four leaves are given with cumin and sugar, and the pounded leaves are applied to navel. In konkan, one or two leaves are given every morning to cure stuttering; and the juice is applied (generally as a lep with Cadamba bark, and black cumin) to skin eruption supposed to arise from heat of blood.
Phytochemistry: The alcoholic extract of herb an essential oil, green in colour and possing the strong odour of the herb, fatty oil, sitosterol and a resinous substance have been obtained. The fatty oil consists of the glyceride, linolic, lignoceric, palmitic and stearic acid. An alkaloid hydrocortylin has been obtained from the dried plant. Nellarine, pectic acids are present in the leaves and roots. The plants also contain ascorbic acid in a cone. Of 13.8 mg%. A glycoside asiaticoside has been isolated from the plant. The major componant of the triterpine mixture is centoic acid.
Pharmacology: The ususal dose for the oral administration is 5-10 grains of the plant powder thrice daily. In larger doses, the drug is a simplifying narcotic, producing giddiness and some times coma. The alcoholic extract produce tranquillising effect in rats. It was found non-toxic up to a dose of 350-mg/kg i.p. The alcoholic and aqueous extracts antagonise spontaneous contraction and also caused relaxation of musculature of isolated ileum of rat. The alcoholic extract was found to have depressant effect in rat in toxic doses. The glycosidal fractions have a sedative action in rats. It decreases the tone and diminished the amplitude of contractions of isolated ileum of rabbit and albino rat. In anaesthetised dogs, it produces slight respiratory stimulation, hypotension and bradycardia. The alcoholic extract of entire plant was found to possess anti-protozoal activity against E. histolytica. (Wealth of India, 1992, 115-118; Kirtikar and Basu, Indian Medicinal Plant, Nol 5, 2001 p. 219). Accordingly, the main embodiment of the present invention relates to a synergistic herbal formulation as a brain tonic, cognition, recalling of thoughts and as an
antioxiadant capable of treating or preventing amnesia and having property for improving memory, said formulation comprising pharmaceutically acceptable amounts of extracts from plants Centella asiatica and Sesamum indiucm optionally along with acceptable salt/s, carrier/s or dilutent/s. Another embodiment of the present invention relates to a method of preparing a synergistic herbal formulation as a brain tonic, cognition, recalling of thoughts and as an antioxiadant capable of treating or preventing amnesia and having property for improving memory as a brain tonic and as an antioxiadant capable of treating or preventing amnesia and having property for improving memory, said method comprising steps of : (a) extracting the powdered material obtained from seeds of Sesamum indicum and leaves of Centella asiatica in aqueous alcohol, (b) filtering the extract of step (a) to remove the debris, , (c) concentrating and lyophislizing the filtrate obtained from step (b) at a temperature of less than about 55°C, and (d) mixing the plant extracts obtained in step (c) with carbohydrates of about 70 % and alcohol of about 12 % to make a volume of 100 ml to obtain the formulation Yet another embodiment of the present invention relates to the aqueous alcohol in steps (a) and (d), wherein the aqueous alcohol is ethanol One more embodiment of the present invention relates to the aqueous alcohol in step (a) wherein the aqueous alcohol is about 60%. Another embodiment of the present invention relates to the aqueous alcohol in step (a) wherein the aqueous alcohol is about 50%. One more embodiment of the present invention relates to the temperature wherein the temperature in the step (b) is about 50°C. Yet another embodiment of the present invention relates to the carbohydrates, wherein the carbohydrates in step (d) are selected from sucrose or lactose. hi one more embodiment of the present invention relates to the carbohydrates, wherein carbohydrate concentration is about 66%. Another embodiment of the present invention relates to the a use of synergistic herbal formulation as a brain tonic, cognition, recalling of thoughts and as an antioxiadant
capable of treating or preventing amnesia and having property for improving memory for improving memory and treatment or prevention of amnesia in mammals, particularly humans said use comprising administering synergistic herbal formulation of extracts from plants Centella asiatica and Seasmum indicum optionally along with pharamaceutically acceptable salt/s, carrier/s or dilutent/s to a subject. Another embodiment of the present invention relates to Sesamum indicum oil and Centella asiatica oil wherein Sesamum indicum oil is in the range of about 2-20 % and Centella asiatica oil is in the range of about 1-15%.
One more embodiment' of the present invention relates to Sesamum indicum oil and Centella asiatica oil wherein Sesamum indicum oil is about 10 % and Centella asiatica oil is 5%. hi another embodiment of the present invention relates to the extract of the formulation wherein the said formulation comprises Sesamum indicum oil is about 4 % and Centella asiatica oil is about 2%. Another embodiment of the present invention relates to the pharmaceutically acceptable dilutent/s, carrier/s, salt/s, wherein said pharmaceutically acceptable dilutent/s, carrier/s, salt/s are selected from group comprising of lactose, mannitol, sorbitol, microcrystalline cellulose, sucrose, sodium citrate, sodium chloride or dicalcium phosphate. Still another embodiment of the present invention relates to the formulation, wherein the said formulation has a high antioxidant,cooling, oleaginous, diuretic and nerve relaxant properties.
Yet another embodiment of the present invention relates to the formulation wherein said formulation may be delivered in form of capsule, tablet, syrup, suspension , pills or elixirs.
Another embodiment of the present invention relates to the extract of the formulation wherein said extract of the formulation is obtained from leaves of Centella asiatica and seeds oϊSesaumum indicum.
One more embodiment of the present invention relates to the plant parts, wherein plant parts are selected from a group consisting of seeds of white and black varieties and leaves. hi another embodiment of the present invention relates to the use of formulation wherein said formulation is used for curing migraine, vertigo, leucoderma, anaemia and improve appetite.
Yet another embodiment of the present invention relates to the formulation, wherein formulation may be used for curing wounds, fractures, syphilitic skin diseases, both externally and internally and also in treatment of leprosy and to ameliorate the symptoms of disease and to improve the general health of the patient. Still another embodiment of the present invention relates to the formulation wherein the said formulation is used to reduce the pain of piles, stomachic, and enlargement of spleen. Another embodiment of the present invention relates to the dosage of the formulation wherein said dosage of the formulation in the range of about 20-110 mg/kg does not show abnormality of the locomotor activity, on passive avoidance test showed significant and dose dependent activity, showed significant and dose dependent antioxidant activity of the frontal cortex and of striatum regions of the brain. Another embodiment of the present invention relates to the dosage of the formulation wherein said dosage of the formulation in the range of about 25-100 mg/kg does not show abnormality of the locomotor activity, on passive avoidance test shows significant and dose dependent activity and shows significant and dose dependent antioxidant activity of the frontal cortex and of striatum regions of the brain. Still another embodiment of the present invention relates to the formulation wherein formulation reduces the latency period in the range of about 0.05 to 2.0 seconds. Still another embodiment of the present invention relates to the formulation wherein formulation reduces the latency period in the range of about 0.18 to 1.22 seconds. Another embodiment of the present invention relates to the formulation wherein said formulation lowers the number of mistakes in the range of about 1 to 35. Another embodiment of the present invention relates to the formulation wherein said formulation lowers the number of mistakes in the range of about 6.1 to 27. One more embodiment of the present invention relates to the formulation, wherein the said formulation enhances the body weight in the range of about 140 to 170 gms One more embodiment of the present invention relates to the formulation, wherein the said formulation enhances the body weight in the range of about 141.6 to 168.7 gms Still another embodiment of the present invention relates to the formulation, wherein the said formulation enhances the kidney weight in the range of about 0.80 to 1.5 gms. Still another embodiment of the present invention relates to the formulation, wherein said • formulation enhances the kidney weight in the range of about 0.82 to 1.03 gms.
Yet another embodiment of the present invention relates to the formulation wherein said formulation enhances the liver weight in the range of about 4 to 7 gms. Yet another embodiment of the present invention relates to the formulation wherein said formulation enhances the liver weight in the range of about 5.26 to 6.42 gms. One more embodiment of the present invention relates to the formulation wherein said formulation enhances the spleen weight in the range of about 0.60 to 0.80 gms.
One more embodiment of the present invention relates to the formulation wherein said formulation enhances the spleen weight in the range of about 0.63 to 0.76 gms. Another embodiment of the present invention relates to the formulation wherein said formulation under non-stress conditions lowers the lipid peroxidase (LPO) activity in the frontal cortex and stratium regions of the brain in the range of 1.0 to 5.0.
Another embodiment of the present invention relates to the formulation wherein said formulation under non-stress conditions lower the lipid peroxidase (LPO) activity in the frontal cortex and stratium regions of the brain in the range of 0.74 to 3.48. Still another embodiment of the present invention relates to the formulation wherein said formulation under non-stress conditions enhances the catalase (CAT) activity in the frontal cortex and stratium regions of the brain in the range of 22 to 40. Still another embodiment of the present invention relates to the formulation wherein the said formulation under non-stress conditions enhances the catalase (CAT) activity in the frontal cortex and stratium regions of the brain in the range of 24.5 to 35.3. Another embodiment of the present invention relates to the formulation wherein said formulation under non-stress conditions enhances the superoxide dismutase (SOD) in the frontal cortex and stratium regions of the brain activity in the range of 22 to 40. Another embodiment of the present invention relates to the formulation wherein said formulation non-stress conditions enhance the superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in the frontal cortex and stratium regions of the brain in the range of 23.2 to 30.3.
Yet another embodiment of the present invention relates to the formulation wherein the said formulation under stress conditions lower the LPO activity in the frontal cortex and stratium regions of the brain in the range of about 1 to 7. Yet another embodiment of the present invention relates to the formulation wherein the said formulation under stress conditions lower the LPO activity in the range of about 2.8 to 4.86.
One more embodiment of the present invention relates tot the formulation wherein the said formulation under chronic stress conditions enhance CAT activity in the frontal cortex and stratium regions of the brain in the range of 10 to 25.
One more embodiment of the present invention relates tot the formulation wherein the said formulation under chronic stress conditions enhance CAT activity in the frontal cortex and stratium regions of the brain in the range of 12.4 to 22.5.
Yet another embodiment of the present invention relates to the formulation wherein the said formulation under chronic stress conditions lower the SOD activity in the frontal cortex and stratium regions of the brain in the range of 20 to 35. Yet another embodiment of the present invention relates to the formulation wherein the said formulation under chronic stress conditions lower SOD activity in the frontal cortex and stratium regions of the brain in the range of 21 to 33.
The composition of the present invention is a synergistic composition since it shows unexpected properties, hi fact, the composition is not a mere admixture showing the aggregation of the properties of its ingredients only. On the other hand, it provides surprisingly enhanced amounts of individual properties, which is totally non-obvious.
The following examples are given by way of illustration of the present invention and therefore should not be construed to limit the scope of the present invention. EXAMPLES Example 1 The invention is further illustrated by the following non-limiting examples. Formulation (FI) Sesamum indicum 2wt. % Sucrose/Lactose 66.7g/1.2g Alcohol lOwt. % Water q.s. to make 100 ml
Formulation (F2) Centella asiatica 2wt. % Sucrose/Lactose 66.7g/1.2g Alcohol lOwt. % Water q.s. to make 100 ml
Formulation (F3) Sesamum indicum 4wt. % Centella asiatica 2wt. %
Sucrose/Lactose 66.7g/1.2g Alcohol lOwt. % Water q.s. to make 100 ml
Sesamum indicum, and Centella asiatica were collected and dried in shade. The dried material (lKg) is then powdered and extracted with 50 % aqueous alcohol (3 L) for 5 days. At the end of this, the solvent is decanted and filtered if necessary to remove the plant debris. The extract is then concentrated under vacuum at less than 50 °C. Then the extract is lyophilised to obtain the extract in powder form. Mix the plant extracts and dissolve them in 500ml 10% alcohol, filter the solution and add specified quantity of sugar and heat the until the sugar dissolves and then cool and make up the volume with required amount of water to make 100 ml. The formulation is useful to a brain tonic and cognition. Accordingly, the investigation deals with the oral dosage form has been described in detail giving the formula of the ingredients along with the method and mode of usage of the standardzed edible oil. Locomotor activity:
The locomotor activity was measured by an open-field method. The apparatus put in the soundproof, darkened room was a round open field (bottom diameter, 60cm; height, 50cm). The bottom was divided into 19 parts that were equal in area. A 100-W lamp was positioned 80cm above the bottom each rat was placed at the center of the open field and the spontaneous activity (ambulation and rearing) was recorded for 5 min. Passive avoidance task (step-down test):
A step-down passive avoidance was examined using apparatus consisted of a box (25 x 25 x 40 cm), a floor with stainless-steel grid 2mm in diameter at 8-mm intervals, and a rubber platform (4cm diameter, 4cm height) set on the grid in one corner. Electric stimulation was given through the grid connected with a scrambled shock generator. After 24hr of cerebral ischemia/scopolamine (0.4 mg/kg, i.p.), an acquisition trail was performed. For this trial, each rat was placed gently on the platform and allowed to habituate freely for 3min, and then electric shock (0.4mA) were delivered to the grid. If the rat stepped down from the platform, the electric shock was delivered to the rat on the grid floor. The cut off time was 2 min. A retention trail was performed 24hr after the acquisition trail. Each rat was again placed on the platform. The time (step-down
latency) that elapsed until the rats stepped down from the electric grid of the platform to shock free zone was recorded. If the rat did not step down from the platform within 2 min's, the retention trail was terminated and the maximal step down latency of 2 min was recorded. An error was counted when ever the rat stepped down from the platform and the number of error made in 2 min was recorded (Tables 1 to4). -Foot shock-induced chronic stress:
The rats were subjected to daily lhr footshock through a grid floor in a Perspex box for 21 days. The duration of each shock (2mA) and the intervals between the shock was randomly programmed between 3-5sec and 10-110 sec, respectively and brain tissue was separated for the detailed central antioxidant enzymes (Tables 5to 6). Table 1: Effect of formulation FI on impairment of memory acquisition in step- down test in mice
Treatment Memory parameters (Mg/kg) Latency (sec) No of mistakes _____ Control 3.81 ± 0.01 Scopalamine 0.4 7.7 ± 0.04c 66.8 ± 8.9C F1 25 7.2 ± 0.03y 45.3 ± 7.6 F1 50 6.9 ± 0.03y 31.5 ± 3.4X FI 100 3.26 ± 0.02y 10.0 ± 2.9y
P: c< 0.001 compared to control group.
P: x< 0.01 and y< 0.001 compared to scopolamine group. Note: There is no mortality / gross abnormality was observed in the animals during the treatment of Sesamum indicum oil.
The formulation FI contains the Sesamum oil only
The results of the table 1 represent a dose response decrease in the number of mistakes done by the animals. Whereas the scopolamine treated group showed a significant increase in the number of mistakes. Therefore latency period was increased with FI formulation and showed a significant result.
Table 2: Effect of formulation F2 on impairment of memory acquisition in step-down test in mice
Treatment Memory parameters (Mg/kg) Latency (sec) No of mistakes Control 4.32 ± 0.02 21.2 ± 3.6 Scopalamine 0.4 7.8 ± 0.03° 65.3 ± 8.6° F2 25 6.3 ± 0.02x 53.2 + 7.1 F2 50 5.9 ± 0.02x 46.2 ± 7.3X F2 100 4.2 ± 0.01x 32.1 ± 4.1y
P: c< 0.001 compared to control group. P: x< 0.05 and y< 0.01 compared to scopolamine group.
Note: There is no mortality / gross abnormality was observed in the animals during the treatment of without Sesamum indicum oil containing formulation.
The formulation F2 contains Centella asiatica only. The result showed a significant decrease in number of mistakes but when we see the table 1 the number of mistakes done with FI formulation is less than F2 formulation. Whereas the scopolamine showed a significant increase in number of mistakes.
Table 3: Effect of formulation F3 on impairment of memory acquisition in step-down test in mice
Treatment Memory parameters (Mg/kg) Latency (Sec) No of mistakes Control 3.89 ± 0.02 20.9± 3.2 Scopalamine 0.4 7.8 ± 0.04c 69.8 ± 8.9 c F3 25 1.2 ± 0.02x 20.3 ± 6.9X F3 50 0.8 ± 0.03x 10.5 ± 3.4X F3 100 0.2 ± 0.02 x 2.9 ± 3.2X Tacrine 1 0.1± 0.02x 2.4 ± 2.6X
P: c< 0.001 compared to control group.
P: x< 0.05 and y< 0.01 compared to scopolamine group.
Note: There is no mortality/gross abnormality was observed in the animals during the treatment of Sesamum indicum oil containing formulation.
F3 formulation contains Sesamum indicum plus Centella asiatica. The results of Table 3 represents a highly significant effect with the dose. Whereas Tacrine is a positive control showed a better result but as a synthetic drug the side effect on saturation of various receptors cannot be ignored. The scopolamine treated animals showed negative results of losing the memory and increased the number of mistakes. Therefore F3 formulation showed a synergetic effect than that of FI (Table 1) and F2 (Table2) formulations. Tacrine (l,2,3,4-tetrahydro-5-aminoacridine or THA) (Summers et al, Clinical Tox 1980;16(3):269-281) is more effective in improving memory in Alzheimer's patients and used to treat the symptoms of Alzheimer's disease, but it does not cure the disease and it also upset the stomach, vomiting, diarrhea, heartburn, muscle aches, headache, loss of appetite etc.
Table 4: Effect of formulation (F3) on relative mean ± SEM organ weights of rats (n=6) Type of Treatment Body weight (g) Kidney (g) Liver (g) Spleen (g) treatment group Cor Ltrol 150.8 ± 10.1 0.93 ± 0.05 5.81 ± 0.44 0.64 ± 0.05 6 days F3 25 154.2 ± 11.6 0.98 ± 0.05 5.85 ± 0.59 0.67 ± 0.04 oral F3 50 152.5 ± 10.9 0.91 ± 0.09 5.97 ± 0.45 0.74 ± 0.2 treatment F3 100 157.2 ± 11.5 0.97 ± 0.07 5.88 ± 0.62 0.68 ± 0.04
F3 formulation contains mixure of Sesamum indicum and Centella asiatica.
The results of the table 4 shows there is no significant changes in body weight of various vital organs in the body in toxicity studies.
Therefore the formulation F3 is highly effective (Table3) and it is safe (Table4). Note: No mortality/ gross abnormality was observed in the animals during the treatment of Sesamum indicum oil containing formulation.
Table 5: Effect of formulation F3 in chronic stress (CS) induced perturbations in frontal cortex of brain region and the levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and lipid peroxidase (LPO)
Groups Treatment n LPO CAT SOD (mg/kg)
I Normal 10 2.94 ± 0.5 21.4 ± 2.2 19.3 ± 2.1 π F3 50 8 1.71 ± 0.3 25.2± 0.7a 24.6 ± 1.4 m F3 100 8 1.44 ± 0.7 30.1+ 1.2 27.1 ± 1.2a rv Normal + CS 10 5.62 ± 0.8 9.8 ± 0.9 39.7 ± 2.6
V F3 50 + CS 8 3.91 ± 0.6 13.2 ± 0.8y 24.2 ± 2.9y
VI F3 100 + CS 8 2.81± 0.8X 16.1± 0.7Z 29.6 ± 2.8Z
P: a<0.05 and <0.01 compared to group I.
P:x<0.05,y<0.01 and z<0.001 compared to group TV.
Values are mean ± SEM for six mice in each
Group II and Group in compare with Group I
Group V and Group VI compare with Group IV
The F3 formulation contains Sesamum indicum and Centella asiatica.
The results of table5 represents a significant antioxidant activity by increasing the levels of catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) in frontal cortex of brain region as such with,F3 formulation and also in chronic stress (CS) with F3 formulation. The lipid peroxidase (LPO) product was scavenged in higher dose with F3 formulation and the levels were lowered. Therefore the F3 shows antioxidant activity in frontal cortex in
brain. Note: There is no mortality / gross abnormality was observed in the animals during the treatment of Sesamum indicum oil.
Table 6: Effect of formulation (F3) on chronic stress (CS) induced perturbations in stratium of brain region and the levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and lipid peroxidase (LPO).
1. 6,187,313 Feb., 2001 Segelman 2. 5,728,384 March, 1998 Tokuyama 3. Amani E.Khalifa, J Of Ethnopharmacology, 76, pp. 49-57, 2001. 4. Coyle et al, Science, 219, pp 1184-1189, 1983. 5. Eichenbaum, H., Stewart, C. and Morris, R.G., 1990. Journal of Neurosciences 10, pp. 3531-3542 1990. 6. Gibson et al J of Neuro Chemistry, 36, pp 28-33, 1981 7. Gogte. Ayurvedic Pharmacology and therapeutic use of medicinal plants. Bharatiya vidya Bhavan, Mumbia, India 2000. 8. Jinghua Xu et al, J of Ethnopharmacology, 73, pp . 405-413, 2000. 9. Mahajan et al. hit J Food Sci Nutr. 53(6) pp. 455-463, 2002. 10. Robert W. Flint, Jr, Behavioural Brain Research, 142, pp. 217-228, 2003 14. Sheila M. Mihalik , neurobiology of learning and memory, 80, pp.55-62,2003. 12. Singh et al J of Medicinal and Aromatic Plant sciences 22, pp 732-738, 2000. 13. So Ra Kim et al, Cognitive Brain Research, 17, ρp.454-461, 2003. 14. Tzen et al. Plant Physiol, 101(1), pp. 267-276, 1993. 15. Zaghloul and Prakash. Nahrung, 46 (5), pp. 364-369, 2002. 16. Wealth of India, pp 116-118, 1994. 17. Kirtikar&Basu. Indian medicinal plants, vol 5, ppl658-1663. 18. Satyavati. Medicinal plants of India, vol 1, pp 216-220. 19. Neerendra kumar MH, Gupta YK. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol. May-jun; 30(5- 6), pp 336-42.2003 20. Neerendra kumar MH, Gupta YK. J Ethnopharmacol, feb;79(2),pp 253-260. 2002 21. K.Νalini et al. Fitotherpia vol LXUI, No 3, pp 232-237.1992. 22. "Charaka Samhita Chikitsa Sthana",Ist Chaρter,3rd pada, 30th stanza. 23. Mukerji B, " Indian Pharmaceutical Codex", New Delhi, India, 1953,pp 60.
Claims
We Claim: 1. A a synergistic herbal formulation as a brain tonic, cognition, recalling of thoughts and as an antioxiadant capable of treating or preventing amnesia and having property for improving memory, said formulation comprising pharmaceutically acceptable amounts of extracts from plants Centella asiatica and Sesamum indicum optionally along with pharmaceutically acceptable salt/s, carrier/s or dilutent/s.
2. A synergistic herbal formulation as claimed in claim 1, wherein Sesamum indicum oil is about 2 to 20 % and Centella asiatica oil is about 1 to 15%.
3. A synergistic herbal formulation as claimed in claim 2, wherein Sesamum indicum oil is about 10 % and Centella asiatica oil is about 5%.
4. A synergistic herbal formulation as claimed in claim 3, wherein Sesamum indicum oil is about 4 % and Centella asiatica oil is about 2%.
5. A synergistic herbal formulation as claimed in claim 1, wherein the pharmaceutically acceptable salt/s, carrier/s or dilutent/s are selected from group comprising of lactose, mannitol, sorbitόl, microcrystalline cellulose, sucrose, sodium citrate, sodium chloride or dicalcium phosphate.
6. A synergistic herbal formulation as claimed in claim 1, wherein said formulation has a high antioxidant, cooling, oleaginous, diuretic and nerve relaxant properties.
7. A synergistic herbal formulation as claimed in claim 1, wherein the said formulation may be delivered in the form of capsule, tablet, syrup, suspension, pills or elixirs.
8. A synergistic herbal formulation as claimed in claim 1, wherein extract of. the formulation is obtained from leaves of Centella asiatica and seeds of Sesaumum indicum.
9. A synergistic herbal formulation as claimed in claims 1 and 8, wherein plant parts are selected from a group consisting of seeds of white and black varieties and leaves.
10. A synergistic herbal formulation as claimed in claim 1, wherein said formulation is useful for curing migraine, vertigo, leucoderma, anaemia and improve appetite.
11. A synergistic herbal formulation as claimed in claim 1, wherein said formulation may be used for curing wounds, fractures, syphilitic skin diseases, both externally and internally and also in treatment of leprosy and to ameliorate the symptoms of disease and to improve the general health of the patient.
12. A synergistic herbal formulation' as claimed in claim 1, wherein saiod formulation is useful in reducing reduce the pain of piles, stomachic, and enlargement of spleen.
13. A synergistic herbal formulation as claimed in claim 1, wherein dosage of the formulation in the range of about 20- 110 mg/kg does not show abnormality of the locomotor activity, on passive avoidance test showed significant and dose dependent activity, showed significant and dose dependent antioxidant activity of the frontal cortex and of striatum regions of the brain.
14. A synergistic herbal formulation as claimed in claim 13, wherein dosage of the said formulation in the range of about 25-100 mg/kg does not show abnormality of the locomotor activity, on passive avoidance test shows significant and dose dependent activity and shows significant and dose dependent antioxidant activity . of the frontal cortex and of striatum regions of the brain.
15. A synergistic herbal formulation as claimed in claim 1, wherein dosage of synergistic formulation reduces the impairment of memory acquisition by reducing the latency period in the range of about 0.05 to 2.0 seconds.
16. A synergistic herbal formulation as claimed in claim 15, wherein dosage of synergistic formulation reduces the impairment of memory acquisition by reducing the latency period in the range of about 0.18 to 1.22 seconds.
17. A synergistic herbal formulation as claimed in claim 1, wherein dosage of synergistic formulation reduces the impairment of memory acquisition by reducing number of mistakes in the range of about 1 to 35.
18. A synergistic herbal formulation as claimed in claim 17, wherein dosage of synergistic formulation reduces the impairment of memory acquisition by reducing the number of mistakes in the range of about 6.1 to 27.
19. A synergistic herbal formulation as claimed in claim 1, wherein dosage of synergistic formulation enhances the body weight in the range of about 140 to 170 gms.
20. A synergistic herbal formulation as claimed in claim 19, wherein dosage of synergistic formulation enhances the body weight in the range of about 141.6 to 168.7 gms
21. A synergistic herbal formulation as claimed in claim 1, wherein dosage of synergistic formulation enhances the kidney weight in the range of about 0.8 to 1.5 gms.
22. A synergistic herbal formulation as claimed in claim 21, wherein dosage of synergistic formulation enhances the kidney weight in the range of about 0.82 to 1.03 gms.
23. A synergistic herbal formulation as claimed in claim 1, wherein dosage of synergistic formulation enhances the liver weight in the range of about 4 to 7 gms.
24. A synergistic herbal formulation as claimed in claim 23, wherein dosage of synergistic formulation enhances the liver weight in the range of about 5.26 to 6.42 gms.
25. A synergistic herbal formulation as claimed in claim 1, wherein dosage of synergistic formulation enhances the spleen weight in the range of about 0.60 to 0.80 gms.
26. A synergistic herbal formulation as claimed in claim 25, wherein dosage of synergistic formulation enhances the spleen weight in the range of about 0.63 to 0.76 gms.
27. A synergistic herbal formulation as claimed in claim 1, wherein dosage of synergistic formulation under non-stress conditions lowers the lipid peroxidase (LPO) activity in the frontal cortex and stratium regions of the brain in the range of 1.0 to 5.0.
28. A synergistic herbal formulation as claimed in claim 27, wherein dosage of synergistic formulation under non-stress conditions lower the lipid peroxidase (LPO) activity in the frontal cortex and stratium regions of the brain in the range of0.74 to 3.48.
29. A synergistic herbal formulation as claimed in claim 1, wherein dosage of synergistic formulation under non-stress conditions enhances the catalase (CAT) activity in the frontal cortex and stratium regions of the brain in the range of 22 to 40.
30. A synergistic herbal formulation as claimed in claim 29, wherein dosage of synergistic formulation under non-stress conditions enhances the catalase (CAT) activity in the frontal cortex and stratium regions of the brain in the range of 24.5 to 35.3.
31. A synergistic herbal formulation as claimed in claim 1, wherein dosage of synergistic formulation under non-stress conditions enhances the superoxide dismutase (SOD) in the frontal cortex and stratium regions of the brain activity in the range of 22 to 40.
32. A synergistic herbal formulation as claimed in claim 31, wherein dosage of synergistic formulation non-stress conditions enhance the superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in the frontal cortex and stratium regions of the brain in the range of 23.2. to 30.3.
33. A synergistic herbal formulation as claimed in claim 1, wherein dosage of synergistic formulation under stress conditions lower the LPO activity in the frontal cortex and stratium regions of the brain in the range of about 1 to 7.
34. A synergistic herbal formulation as claimed in claim 33, wherein dosage of synergistic formulation under stress conditions lower the LPO activity in the range of about 2.8 to 4.86.
35. A synergistic herbal formulation as claimed in claim 1, wherein dosage of synergistic formulation under chronic stress conditions enhance CAT activity in the frontal cortex and stratium regions of the brain in the range of 10 to 25.
36. A synergistic herbal formulation as claimed in claim 35, wherein dosage of synergistic formulation under chronic stress conditions enhance CAT activity in the frontal cortex and stratium regions of the brain in the range of 12.4 to 22.5.
37. A synergistic herbal formulation as claimed in claim 1, wherein dosage of synergistic formulation under chronic stress conditions lower the SOD activity in the frontal cortex and stratium regions of the brain in the range of 20 to 35.
38. A synergistic herbal formulation as claimed in claim 37, wherein dosage of synergistic formulation under chronic stress conditions lower SOD activity in the frontal cortex and stratium regions of the brain in the range of 21 to 33.
39. A method of preparing a synergistic herbal formulation as a brain tonic, cognition, recalling of thoughts and as an antioxiadant capable of treating or preventing amnesia and having property for improving memory, said method comprising steps of: a. extracting the powdered material obtained from seeds of Sesamum indicum and leaves of Centella asiatica in aqueous alcohol, b. filtering the extract of step (a) to remove the debris, c. concentrating and lyophislizing the filtrate obtained from step (b) at a temperature of less than about 55°C, and d. mixing the plant extracts obtained in step (c) with carbohydrates of about 70 % and alcohol of about 12 % to make a volume of 100 ml to obtain the formulation
40. A method as claimed in claim 39, wherein aqueous alcohol in the step (a) is about 60%.
41. A method as claimed in claim 40, wherein aqueous alcohol in the step (a) is about 50%.
42. A method as claimed in claim 39, wherein aqueous alcohol in step (a) is ethanol.
43. A method as claimed in claim 39, wherein temperature in the step (b) is about 50°C.
44. A method as claimed in claim 39, wherein carbohydrates in step (d) are selected from sucrose or lactose.
45. A method as claimed in claims 39 and 44, wherein carbohydrate concentration is about 66%.
46. A method as claimed in claim 39, wherein alcohol in step (d) is about 10%.
47. A method as claimed in claim 39, wherein Sesamum indicum oil is in the range of about 2to 20 % and Centella asiatica oil is in the range of about lto 15%.
48. A method as claimed in claim 47, wherein Sesamum indicum oil is about 10 % and Centella asiatica oil is about 5%.
49. A method as claimed in claim 48, wherein Sesamum indicum oil is about 4 % and Centella asiatica oil is about 2%.
50. A method as claimed in claim 39, wherein synergistic formulation has a high antioxidant,cooling, oleaginous, diuretic and nerve relaxant properties.
51. A method as claimed in claim 39, wherein synergistic formulation may be delivered in form of capsule, tablet, syrup, suspension, pills or elixirs.
52. A method as claimed in claims 39, wherein plant parts are selected from a group consisting of seeds of white and black varieties and leaves.
53. A use of synergistic herbal formulation as a brain tonic, cognition, recalling of thoughts and as an antioxiadant capable of treating or preventing amnesia and having property for improving memory for improving memory and treatment or prevention of amnesia in mammals, particularly humans said use comprising administering synergistic herbal formulation of extracts from plants Centella asiatica and Seasmum indicum optionally along with pharamaceutically acceptable salt/s, carrier/s or dilutent/s to a subject.
54. A use as claimed in claim 53, wherein synergistic formulation is useful for curing migraine, vertigo, leucoderma, anaemia and improve appetite.
55. A use as claimed in claim 53, wherein synergistic formulation is useful for curing wounds, fractures, syphilitic skin diseases, both externally and internally and also in treatment of leprosy and to ameliorate the symptoms of disease and to improve the general health of the patient.
56. A use as claimed in claim 53, wherein synergistic formulation is useful in reducing reduce the pain of piles, stomachic, and enlargement of spleen.
57. A use as claimed in claim 53, wherein pharmaceutically acceptable salt/s, dilutent/s, carrier/s are selected from group comprising of lactose, mannitol, sorbitol, microcrystalline cellulose, sucrose, sodium citrate, sodium chloride or dicalcium phosphate.
58. A use as claimed in claim 53, wherein dosage of synergistic formulation in the range of about 20-110 mg/kg does not show abnormality of the locomotor activity, on passive avoidance test showed significant and dose dependent activity, showed significant and dose dependent antioxidant activity of the frontal cortex and of striatum regions of the brain.
59. A use as claimed in claim 58, wherein dosage of synergistic formulation in the range of about 25-100 mg/kg does not show abnormality of the locomotor activity, on passive avoidance test shows significant and dose dependent activity and shows significant and dose dependent antioxidant activity of the frontal cortex and of striatum regions of the brain.
60. A use as claimed in claim 53, wherein dosage of synergistic formulation reduces the impairment of memory acquisition by reducing the latency period in the range of about 0.05 to 2.0 seconds.
61. A use as claimed in claim 60, wherein dosage of synergistic formulation reduces the impairment of memory acquisition by reducing the latency period in the range of about 0.18 to 1.22 seconds.
62. A use as claimed in claim 53, wherein dosage of synergistic formulation reduces the impairment of memory acquisition by reducing number of mistakes in the range of about 1 to 35.
63. A use as claimed in claim 62, wherein dosage of synergistic formulation reduces the impairment of memory acquisition by reducing the number of mistakes in the range of about 6.1 to 27.
64. A use as claimed in claim 53, wherein dosage of synergistic formulation enhances the body weight in the range of about 140 to 170 gms.
65. A use as claimed in claim 64, wherein dosage of synergistic formulation enhances the body weight in the range of about 141.6 to 168.7 gms
66. A use as claimed in claim 53, wherein dosage of synergistic formulation enhances the kidney weight in the range of about 0.8 to 1.5 gms.
67. A use as claimed in claim 66, wherein dosage of synergistic formulation enhances the kidney weight in the range of about 0.82 to 1.03 gms.
68. A use as claimed in claim 53, wherein dosage of synergistic formulation enhances the liver weight in the range of about 4 to 7 gms.
69. A use as claimed in claim 68, wherein dosage of synergistic formulation enhances the liver weight in the range of about 5.26 to 6.42 gms.
70. A use as claimed in claim 53, wherein dosage of synergistic formulation enhances the spleen weight in the range of about 0.60 to 0.80 gms.
71. A use as claimed in claim 70, wherein dosage of synergistic formulation enhances the spleen weight in the range of about 0.63 to 0.76 gms.
72. A use as claimed in claim 53, wherein dosage of synergistic formulation under non-stress conditions lowers the lipid peroxidase (LPO) activity in the frontal cortex and stratium regions of the brain in the range of 1.0 to 5.0.
73. A use as claimed in claim 72, wherein dosage of synergistic formulation under non-stress conditions lower the lipid peroxidase (LPO) activity in the frontal cortex and stratium regions of the brain in the range of 0.74 to 3.48.
74. A use as claimed in claim 53, wherein dosage of synergistic formulation under non-stress conditions enhances the catalase (CAT) activity in the frontal cortex and stratium regions of the brain in the range of 22 to 40.
75. A use as claimed in claim 74, wherein dosage of synergistic formulation under non-stress conditions enhances the catalase (CAT) activity in the frontal cortex and stratium regions of the brain in the range of 24.5 to 35.3.
76. A use as claimed in claim 53, wherein dosage of synergistic formulation under non-stress conditions enhances the superoxide dismutase (SOD) in the frontal cortex and stratium regions of the brain activity in the range of 22 to 40.
77. A use as claimed in claim 76, wherein dosage of synergistic formulation non- stress conditions enhance the superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in the frontal cortex and stratium regions of the brain in the range of 23.2. to 30.3.
78. A use as claimed in claim 53, wherein dosage of synergistic formulation under stress conditions lower the LPO activity in the frontal cortex and stratium regions of the brain in the range of about 1 to 7.
79. A use as claimed in claim 78, wherein dosage of synergistic formulation under stress conditions lower the LPO activity in the range of about 2.8 to 4.86.
80. A use as claimed in claim 53, wherein dosage of synergistic formulation under chronic stress conditions enhance CAT activity in the frontal cortex and stratium regions of the brain in the range of 10 to 25.
81. A use as claimed in claim 80, wherein dosage of synergistic formulation under chronic stress conditions enhance CAT activity in the frontal cortex and stratium regions of the brain in the range of 12.4 to 22.5.
82. A use as claimed in claim 53, wherein dosage of synergistic formulation under chronic stress conditions lower the SOD activity in the frontal cortex and stratium regions of the brain in the range of 20 to 35.
83. A use as claimed in claim 82, wherein dosage of synergistic formulation under chronic stress conditions lower SOD activity in the frontal cortex and stratium regions of the brain in the range of 21 to 33.
Priority Applications (9)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| BRPI0318686-5A BR0318686A (en) | 2003-12-26 | 2003-12-26 | herbal formulation containing centella asiatica and sesamum indicum as brain tonic |
| GB0614674A GB2427549B (en) | 2003-12-26 | 2003-12-26 | Herbal formulation containing centella asiatica and sesamum indicum as brain tonic |
| AU2003298474A AU2003298474A1 (en) | 2003-12-26 | 2003-12-26 | Herbal formualtion containing centella asiatica and sesamum indicum as brain tonic |
| JP2005513072A JP4624263B2 (en) | 2003-12-26 | 2003-12-26 | A herbal preparation as a brain tonic, containing camellia and sesame |
| DE10394354T DE10394354T5 (en) | 2003-12-26 | 2003-12-26 | A herbal formulation containing Centella Asiatica and Sesamum Indicum as a brain tonic |
| CNB200380111016XA CN100546592C (en) | 2003-12-26 | 2003-12-26 | The herb formulation that contains Herba Centellae and Semen Sesami as the brain-strengthening medicine |
| PCT/IB2003/006206 WO2005065698A1 (en) | 2003-12-26 | 2003-12-26 | Herbal formualtion containing centella asiatica and sesamum indicum as brain tonic |
| US10/810,484 US20050142232A1 (en) | 2003-12-26 | 2004-03-26 | Novel herbal formulation as brain tonic |
| US12/121,327 US20080286394A1 (en) | 2003-12-26 | 2008-05-15 | Novel herbal formulation as brain tonic |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/IB2003/006206 WO2005065698A1 (en) | 2003-12-26 | 2003-12-26 | Herbal formualtion containing centella asiatica and sesamum indicum as brain tonic |
Related Child Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US10/810,484 Continuation US20050142232A1 (en) | 2003-12-26 | 2004-03-26 | Novel herbal formulation as brain tonic |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2005065698A1 true WO2005065698A1 (en) | 2005-07-21 |
Family
ID=34746627
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/IB2003/006206 WO2005065698A1 (en) | 2003-12-26 | 2003-12-26 | Herbal formualtion containing centella asiatica and sesamum indicum as brain tonic |
Country Status (7)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP4624263B2 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN100546592C (en) |
| AU (1) | AU2003298474A1 (en) |
| BR (1) | BR0318686A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE10394354T5 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB2427549B (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2005065698A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2008126587A1 (en) * | 2007-03-15 | 2008-10-23 | Suntory Holdings Limited | Anti-fatigue agent |
Families Citing this family (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101107998B (en) * | 2007-09-06 | 2011-05-25 | 北京华昱安然医药科技有限公司 | Health-care food improving memorization and method of preparing the same |
| JP5260996B2 (en) * | 2008-03-25 | 2013-08-14 | 株式会社イムダイン | Voice improvement agent |
| CN103110795A (en) * | 2012-02-14 | 2013-05-22 | 甘肃创兴生物工程有限责任公司 | Soft capsule for improving memory and preparation method thereof |
| JP2014141437A (en) * | 2013-01-24 | 2014-08-07 | Oriza Yuka Kk | Learning memory improving agent |
| CN103393733A (en) * | 2013-08-19 | 2013-11-20 | 广西中医药大学 | Centella asiatica (l.) urban effective fraction and application thereof |
| KR102514847B1 (en) * | 2019-09-18 | 2023-03-28 | 가천대학교 산학협력단 | Composition for preventing or treating cognitive dysfunction or neuroinflammation comprising extracts of centella asiatica, cnidium monnieri, and lycium barbarum linne |
| CN111329866B (en) * | 2020-04-12 | 2023-04-07 | 云南民族大学 | Application of pentacyclic triterpenoid in preparation of anti-migraine medicine |
| KR102601434B1 (en) * | 2021-01-25 | 2023-11-13 | 주식회사 라이프엔진미디어 | Perfume Composition Comprising an Essential Oil Extract of Acorus gramineus |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1238692A (en) * | 1996-11-27 | 1999-12-15 | 东国制药株式会社 | Medicines for treating detentia or congitive disorder which comprises asiatic acid derivatives |
| WO2000013696A1 (en) * | 1998-09-07 | 2000-03-16 | Maharaj Krishen Pandita | Composition for improving mental capabilities in mammals |
| NZ515900A (en) * | 2002-06-04 | 2004-09-24 | Bomac Lab Ltd | Wound cream composition comprising emu oil and an powdered extract from centella asiatica |
-
2003
- 2003-12-26 CN CNB200380111016XA patent/CN100546592C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2003-12-26 AU AU2003298474A patent/AU2003298474A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2003-12-26 WO PCT/IB2003/006206 patent/WO2005065698A1/en active Application Filing
- 2003-12-26 DE DE10394354T patent/DE10394354T5/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2003-12-26 BR BRPI0318686-5A patent/BR0318686A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2003-12-26 GB GB0614674A patent/GB2427549B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2003-12-26 JP JP2005513072A patent/JP4624263B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Non-Patent Citations (5)
| Title |
|---|
| BRINKHAUS B ET AL: "CHEMICAL, PHARMACOLOGICAL AND CLINICAL PROFILE OF THE EAST ASIAN MEDICAL PLANT CENTELLA ASIATICA", PHYTOMEDICINE, GUSTAV FISCHER VERLAG, STUTTGART, DE, vol. 7, no. 5, October 2000 (2000-10-01), pages 427 - 448, XP001099148, ISSN: 0944-7113 * |
| DUHOON S S ET AL: "Medicinal and curative properties of sesame (Sesamum indicum L.).", JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC AND TAXONOMIC BOTANY, vol. 27, no. 1, 25 February 2003 (2003-02-25), pages 20 - 28, XP009034787, ISSN: 0250-9768 * |
| HAIR FIR CAPSULES- SAS PHARMA, 11 February 2003 (2003-02-11), XP002291197, Retrieved from the Internet <URL:http://web.archive.org/web/20030211070235/www.saspharma.com/product/hairfit.htm> [retrieved on 20040804] * |
| OMHARI, AYURVEDIC HERBS, 11 February 2003 (2003-02-11), XP002291198, Retrieved from the Internet <URL:http://web.archive.org/web/20030211230143/http://www.avalonayur.it/Omharie.htm> [retrieved on 20040802] * |
| RADHA SHARMA ET AL: "CENTELLA ASIATICA - A MEDICINAL PLANT - A REVIEW", JOURNAL OF PHYTOLOGICAL RESEARCH, PHYTOLOGICAL SOCIETY, BHARATPUR, IN, vol. 14, no. 2, 2001, pages 161 - 165, XP001146980, ISSN: 0970-5767 * |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2008126587A1 (en) * | 2007-03-15 | 2008-10-23 | Suntory Holdings Limited | Anti-fatigue agent |
| EP3342409A1 (en) * | 2007-03-15 | 2018-07-04 | Suntory Holdings Limited | Anti-fatigue agent |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP2007527358A (en) | 2007-09-27 |
| AU2003298474A1 (en) | 2005-08-12 |
| CN1953760A (en) | 2007-04-25 |
| GB2427549A (en) | 2007-01-03 |
| JP4624263B2 (en) | 2011-02-02 |
| GB2427549B (en) | 2009-02-11 |
| GB0614674D0 (en) | 2006-08-30 |
| DE10394354T5 (en) | 2007-01-11 |
| CN100546592C (en) | 2009-10-07 |
| BR0318686A (en) | 2006-12-26 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| US20080286394A1 (en) | Novel herbal formulation as brain tonic | |
| John | One hundred useful raw drugs of the Kani tribes of Trivandrum forest division, Kerala, India | |
| JP5864252B2 (en) | Medicinal plant extract using smoked product and skin external preparation composition containing the same | |
| Galani et al. | Argyreia speciosa (Linn. f.) sweet: A comprehensive review | |
| US7968128B2 (en) | Plant extract compositions for affecting sleep | |
| Selvam | Inventory of vegetable crude drug samples housed in botanical survey of India, Howrah | |
| KR20190014376A (en) | Composition Comprising Sturgeon Extracts | |
| US7534454B2 (en) | Anti-cigarette herbal formulation as an antidote to tobacco | |
| WO2005065698A1 (en) | Herbal formualtion containing centella asiatica and sesamum indicum as brain tonic | |
| KR20010086809A (en) | Smoking material for relieving symptoms and preventing diease, and its preparing method | |
| KR101788253B1 (en) | Composition for improving male sexual function comprising the extract of Alpinia Officinarum, Smilacina Japonica & Black Garlic | |
| KR102092509B1 (en) | Food composition for preventing and improving of dementia | |
| KR100850503B1 (en) | Composition for improving erectile dysfunction and erection maintenance containing the extract of crude drug complex | |
| US7429397B2 (en) | Herbal formulation as memory enhancer in Alzheimer condition | |
| KR20070067542A (en) | Cosmetic composition for the slimming product containing red bean extracts | |
| Shaikh et al. | Medicinal Flora of Poona College | |
| KR20020029412A (en) | The health food and a manufacturing process of ones have effict a white hair turns black. | |
| KR20120024186A (en) | A composition of health supplementary food and method thereof | |
| US7658954B2 (en) | Synergistic antipyretic formulation | |
| KR102330844B1 (en) | Composition For Improving Sexual Function Containing 17 Herbal Ingredients And Schisandra Chinensis, Rubus Coreanus, Lycium Chinense, Torilis Japonica, And Cuscuta Australis | |
| KR101934811B1 (en) | Preparation for improving blood circulation comprising mixed medicinal extracts | |
| KR101914738B1 (en) | Composition for Preventing or Improving Dementia Comprising a Dried Flower Bud Powder and Root of Black Panax Ginseng | |
| KR20090013956A (en) | Composition for improving erectile dysfunction and erection maintenance comprising the extract of crude drug complex | |
| WO2006067796A1 (en) | Herbal formulation as memory enhacher in alzheimer condition | |
| Panda | Compendium of Herbal Plants: Business Ideas for Herbal Plants Compendium, How to Start Herbal Plants Compendium Business, Starting Herbal Plants Storage, Start Your Own Herbal Plants Compendium Business, Herbal Plants Compendium Business Plan, Business Plan for Herbal Plants Compendium, Small Scale Industries in India, Herbal Plants Conservation Based Small Business Ideas in India |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 200380111016.X Country of ref document: CN |
|
| WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 377/DELNP/2004 Country of ref document: IN |
|
| WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 10810484 Country of ref document: US |
|
| AK | Designated states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): AE AG AL AM AT AU AZ BA BB BG BR BY BZ CA CH CN CO CR CU CZ DE DK DM DZ EC EE EG ES FI GB GD GE GH GM HR HU ID IL IN IS JP KE KG KP KR KZ LC LK LR LS LT LU LV MA MD MG MK MN MW MX MZ NI NO NZ OM PG PH PL PT RO RU SC SD SE SG SK SL SY TJ TM TN TR TT TZ UA UG US UZ VC VN YU ZA ZM ZW |
|
| AL | Designated countries for regional patents |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): GH GM KE LS MW MZ SD SL SZ TZ UG ZM ZW AM AZ BY KG KZ MD RU TJ TM AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HU IE IT LU MC NL PT RO SE SI SK TR BF BJ CF CG CI CM GA GN GQ GW ML MR NE SN TD TG |
|
| 121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application | ||
| WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 2005513072 Country of ref document: JP |
|
| WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 103943544 Country of ref document: DE |
|
| WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 0614674.0 Country of ref document: GB Ref document number: 0614674 Country of ref document: GB |
|
| ENP | Entry into the national phase |
Ref document number: PI0318686 Country of ref document: BR |
|
| 122 | Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase |