Classifications

• • G—PHYSICS
  • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
  • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
  • G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
  • G06F3/01—Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
  • G06F3/03—Arrangements for converting the position or the displacement of a member into a coded form
  • G06F3/033—Pointing devices displaced or positioned by the user, e.g. mice, trackballs, pens or joysticks; Accessories therefor
  • G06F3/0338—Pointing devices displaced or positioned by the user, e.g. mice, trackballs, pens or joysticks; Accessories therefor with detection of limited linear or angular displacement of an operating part of the device from a neutral position, e.g. isotonic or isometric joysticks
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
  • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
  • G06F1/00—Details not covered by groups G06F3/00 - G06F13/00 and G06F21/00
  • G06F1/16—Constructional details or arrangements
  • G06F1/1613—Constructional details or arrangements for portable computers
  • G06F1/1626—Constructional details or arrangements for portable computers with a single-body enclosure integrating a flat display, e.g. Personal Digital Assistants [PDAs]
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
  • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
  • G06F1/00—Details not covered by groups G06F3/00 - G06F13/00 and G06F21/00
  • G06F1/16—Constructional details or arrangements
  • G06F1/1613—Constructional details or arrangements for portable computers
  • G06F1/1633—Constructional details or arrangements of portable computers not specific to the type of enclosures covered by groups G06F1/1615 - G06F1/1626
  • G06F1/1684—Constructional details or arrangements related to integrated I/O peripherals not covered by groups G06F1/1635 - G06F1/1675
  • G06F1/169—Constructional details or arrangements related to integrated I/O peripherals not covered by groups G06F1/1635 - G06F1/1675 the I/O peripheral being an integrated pointing device, e.g. trackball in the palm rest area, mini-joystick integrated between keyboard keys, touch pads or touch stripes
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
  • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
  • G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
  • G06F3/01—Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
  • G06F3/03—Arrangements for converting the position or the displacement of a member into a coded form
  • G06F3/033—Pointing devices displaced or positioned by the user, e.g. mice, trackballs, pens or joysticks; Accessories therefor
  • G06F3/0354—Pointing devices displaced or positioned by the user, e.g. mice, trackballs, pens or joysticks; Accessories therefor with detection of 2D relative movements between the device, or an operating part thereof, and a plane or surface, e.g. 2D mice, trackballs, pens or pucks
  • G06F3/03547—Touch pads, in which fingers can move on a surface

Definitions

• the present invention to input devices and methods for entering data in a an electronic terminal, preferably a mobile communication terminal.
• the invention relates in particular to a method of using joystick movements to enter data and to a mobile communication terminal incorporating such a method.
• Current mobile communication terminals generally comprise at least a 12 -key alpha numeric keypad, for composing telephone numbers and text messages, and a number of additional function keys, for initiating communications to a desired telephone number, turning the terminal on and off, navigating and selecting in the menu structure, etc.
• EP 1 168 147 purports to such a method of entering characters and commands using a eight-way joystick.
• a first plurality of selectable choices corresponding to some of the eight ways is presented to a user on a display. At least one of the choices represents a sub-set of the set of characters. The user then selects one of said first plurality of selectable choices by moving the joystick from the center position into one of the eight ways.
• a second plurality of selectable choices corresponding to the eight ways is presented to the user, at least one of which represents a character of the selected choice; and the a character from the second plurality of selectable choices is selected with a joystick movement from the center position into one of the eight ways .
• Another proposed system disclosed in US2001/0048425 uses a twelve way joystick or 12-directional pad for alphanumeric and direction input .
• the twelve ways are allocated respective numerical values and letter groups.
• the sensors of the joystick are of the cascade type and divide the joystick movement range into two zones.
• the ambiguous entry letter groups is disambiguated by repetitive actuation of the joystick in the direction to which the letter group is allocated in and out to the outer zone, whereby one move in and out of the outer zone represents the entry of the first letter in the group, two movements in and out of the outer zone represents the entry of the second letter in the group, etc.
• WO 03/048884 discloses a method in which an 8-direction joystick is used as an input device for inputting characters into an electronic mobile device.
• the electronic mobile device receives input signals when a user navigates the 8-direction joystick through a predefined input stroke sequence.
• the input signals are matched to a plurality of reference input stroke sequences comprising 3 to 6 strokes each.
• a character entry is derived from the recorded stroke sequence.
• US 5,982,303 discloses a method in which an array of eight keys is used to enter data into an electronic mobile device. Ordered pairs of keystrokes are transformed into a full complement of alpha-numeric characters .
• the method employs an alphabet in which each character is represented by a two-stroke pictographic picture. The user presses the key corresponding to the beginning and ending points of the pictograph of the desired character.
• a twelve-way joystick such as the US2001/0048425 patent application, requires a relatively complicated joystick construction with twelve sensors. Further, division into 12 ways results in a relatively small angle of only 30° between the individual ways . The user needs therefore to pivot the toggle stick very accurately in the correct direction in order to avoid inadvertent character entries .
• voice recognition systems do not require visual monitoring, they require speaking out loud, which is distracting and unsuitable for situations such as business meetings.
• voice or handwriting recognition systems are less reliable than keystroke systems because they require the computer to interpret voice and handwriting patterns which may vary significantly from one user to the next.
• the method according to the present invention provides a number of advantages. It allows the same entries as a conventional key pad with twelve keys with a standard four way digital joystick or four directional pad.
• the standard twelve key keypad of e.g. mobile phones can thus be replaced by a single joystick, allowing further miniaturization of the terminals.
• the twelve different sequences possible can easily be printed as a hard label around the joystick, allowing a new user to recognize immediately how the data is to be entered.
• Letter groups are preferably assigned to the movement sequences in a manner analogue to the assignment of letter groups to the keys of a standard 12 key, mobile phone keypad.
• Ambiguous entry of letter groups is preferably disambiguated where possible by the use of a predictive editor program.
• a predictive editor program cannot be used, e.g. when entering family names in the phonebook, subsequent activations of the joggle stick in the center position are used to disambiguate the data input.
• the terminal used in the method is preferably capable of assuming a plurality of states, such as a numeric state and text state.
• a numeric state the entry of digits are associated with the movement sequences.
• text state letter groups are associated with the movement sequences .
• Digits can be entered in the text state by holding the dome switch at the end position of the last movement for a period of time that exceeds a threshold.
• a mobile communication terminal comprising: a display, a four-way input device with a middle position and a sensor associated with each of the four ways, a processor unit monitoring the activation of the sensors and controlling the information shown on the display, a data value being assigned to each of the four activation sequences that comprise the activation of one of the four sensors followed by a return to the middle position in which none of the four sensors is active, and a data value or being assigned to each of the eight activation sequences that comprise the activation of one of the four sensors and whilst the sensor concerned is active followed by the activation of one of the other sensors, the processor unit upon detection of an activation sequence having a data value allocated therewith accepting the data value concerned as entered.
• a mobile communication terminal comprising: a display, a four four- ay input device with a middle position and being movable in at least four preferably orthogonally arranged ways, a center sensor being associated with the middle position and an outer sensor being associated with each of the four ways, a processor unit monitoring the activation of the center and outer sensors and controlling the information shown on the display, data values being assigned to activation sequences that comprise one two or more activations of one of the four outer sensors, the processor unit upon detection of an activation sequence having a data value allocated therewith accepting the data value concerned as entered, the function of the center sensor being controlled and displayed by the processor unit in a dedicated area of the display.
• the terminal according to the present invention provides a number of advantages .
• the input device can be used for navigation, function selection, text and number entry as well as control of applications such as gaming. This is possible since the center sensor is used as a a so-called multifunctional soft-key.
• the selectable functions can comprise call and message handling functions as well as menu item activation.
• the input device can be used for navigation and thus call handling, message handling, menu control and navigation, text and number handling, gaming and other applications can be handled by a single input device.
• the a full feature user interface thus be provided by a single joystick in combination with a display.
• the terminal preferably comprises a menu structure with a hierarchical tree-structure or a lateral menu structure.
• the processor may allocate navigational commands to the data values when the menu is entered in order to navigate through lists of menu items and associated the activation of the center sensor with the selection of a marked menu item.
• the processor may associate the activation of a first predetermined pair of outer sensors with a clear or backspace function in the mode for numerical entry and the a mode for text entry.
• the processor may associate the activation of a second predetermined pair of outer sensors with a change in the characters or commands allocated to the data values.
• the function of the input device could shift from e.g. text entry to cursor control/navigation through the text.
• This object is achieved in accordance with claim 27 by providing a method of entering characters in a terminal with a four-way or five-way input device, a display and a processor controlling the display and monitoring the activation of the input device, comprising the steps of defining a plurality of sequences of activation of the input device that involve at least two activations, assigning groups of letters to the defined sequences of activation, monitoring the activation of the input device, entering a group of letters when the associated activation sequence is detected, and sending the entered group of letters to an predictive editor application capable of outputting a word based on a string of received letter groups.
• a mobile communication terminal comprising a display, a four four-way input device with a middle position and being movable in at least four preferably orthogonally arranged ways, a center sensor being associated with the middle position and an outer sensor being associated with each of the four ways, a processor unit monitoring the activation of the center and outer sensors and controlling the information shown on the display, said terminal being capable of assuming a plurality of modes, the functions associated with activations of the outer sensors, or sequences of activation of the outer sensor of said input device being controlled by the processor in dependence of the mode of the terminal and comprising navigation, the entry of digits and the entry of text, the function of the center sensor being controlled and displayed by the processor unit in dependence of the mode of the terminal and being shown in a dedicated area of the display.
• a method for entering data in an electronic terminal having an array comprising four keys and a sensor associated with each of the four keys comprising the steps of : allocating a data value to each of the four possible key stroke sequences that comprise an activation of a sensor followed by the deactivation of the sensor concerned whilst no other sensor becomes active; allocating a data value to each of the eight possible key stroke sequences that comprise an activation of a first sensor followed by an activation of another sensor whilst the first sensor is active; detecting the key stroke sequences with the sensors associated with the four keys; and entering the data allocated to an input device movement sequence upon detection by the sensors of the key stroke sequence concerned.
• a method for entering data in an electronic terminal having an array comprising five keys and a sensor associated with each of the five keys, one of the five keys being an enter key, the other four keys being input keys comprising the steps of: allocating a data value to each of the four possible key stroke sequences that comprise an activation of a sensor of an input key followed by the activation of the sensor of the enter key; allocating a data value to each of the eight possible key stroke sequences that comprise an activation of a first sensor of an input key followed by an activation of another sensor of an input key and preferably followed by the activation of the sensor of the enter key; detecting the key stroke sequences with the sensors associated with the five keys; and entering the data allocated to an input device movement sequence upon detection by the sensors of the key stroke sequence concerned.
• Fig. 1 is a frontal view of a first preferred embodiment of a terminal according to the invention
• Fig. 2 is a block diagram illustrating the general architecture of the terminal of Fig. 1,
• Fig. 3 is a top view on a first preferred embodiment of an input device according to the invention.
• Fig 4 is a cross-sectional view along line IV-IV of Fig. 3,
• Figs. 5 and 6 illustrate a variation of the input device illustrated in Figs. 3 and 4,
• Fig. 7 illustrates a second preferred embodiment of the input device according to the invention
• Fig. 8 is a flow chart illustrating the operation of the input device according to the invention
• Fig. 9 is a frontal view of a second preferred embodiment of a terminal according to the invention.
• Fig 10. is a flow chart illustrating the operation of the input in accordance with the second preferred embodiment of a terminal according to the invention.
• Figs. 11.1 to 11.3 represent a sequence of displays illustrating dialing and initiating a call
• Fig. 11.4 is a display illustrating the detection of an incoming call
• Figs. 12.1 and 12.2 are displays illustrating the operation of the menu structure
• Figs. 12.3 to 12.5 illustrate the initiation of a call from the last dialer numbers list
• Figs. 13.1 to 13.6 illustrate the entry of text using a predictive editor application
• Figs. 14.1 to 14.3 illustrate the correction of a mistyped word
• Fig. 15 illustrates a flow diagram for the editor application
• Fig. 16 discloses a third preferred embodiment of the invention
• Fig. 17 discloses a variation of the third preferred embodiment .
• a mobile communication terminal according to the invention in the form of a hand portable phone, preferably a cellular/mobile phone, will be described by the preferred embodiments .
• Fig. 1 shows a preferred embodiment of a mobile phone 1 according to the invention.
• the mobile phone 1 comprises a user interface having a joystick 2, a display 3, an on/off button 4 (not shown, present though in the top of the phone) a speaker 5, and a microphone 6 (only the opening present in the bottom of the phone is visible) .
• the mobile phone 1 according to the preferred embodiment is adapted for communication via a cellular network, such as the GSM 900/1800 MHz network, but could just as well be adapted for use with a Code Division Multiple Access
• CDMA Code Division Multiple Access
• G3 G3 network
• the joystick 2 has four sensors associated with the four orthogonal ways of the joystick, and a center sensor that can be activated by pressing joystick in the center position.
• the present functionality 22 of the center sensor is shown in a separate field 21 (soft-label) in the display 3 just above the joystick 2.
• the center sensor thus acts as a multifunction key and its present function depends on the state of the mobile phone 1.
• the center sensor can give access to the menu, the phonebook and can activate actions related to call handling and message handling.
• An exchangeable battery pack (not shown) is received in a covered recess on the rear side of the mobile phone 1.
• Fig. 2 schematically shows the most important components of a preferred embodiment of the mobile phone 1, i.e. the components essential to the understanding of the invention.
• the processor 18 controls the communication with the network via the transmitter/receiver circuit 19 and an internal antenna 15.
• the microphone 6 transforms the user's speech into analogue signals, the analogue signals formed thereby are A/D converted in an A/D converter (not shown) before the speech is encoded in a digital signal processing unit 14 (DSP) .
• the encoded speech signal is transferred to the processor 18, which i.e. supports the GSM terminal software.
• the processor 18 also forms the interface to the peripheral units of the apparatus, including a RAM memory 17a and a Flash ROM memory 17b, a SIM card 16, the display 3 and the joystick 2 (as well as data, power supply, etc.).
• the DSP 14 speech-decodes the signal, which is transferred from the processor 18 to the speaker 5 via a D/A converter (not shown) .
• Figs. 3 and 4 illustrate the a preferred embodiment of the joystick 1 in a top view and a cross-sectional view.
• the joystick 2 comprises a toggle stick 43 that is connected a quadratic plate 44.
• the plat 44 is pivotally connected to a base plate 45 via a ball-joint 46.
• the toggle stick can thus be pivoted out of shown the centre position in any direction in the plane of the base plate.
• Four dome switches S1..S4 form the outer sensors of the joystick 2.
• the dome switches S1..S4 are arranged on the base plate under the corners do the dome plate 44, i.e. when the toggle stick 43 is pivoted in the direction of arrow 61 switch SI is activated, when the toggle stick is pivoted in the direction of arrow 62 switch S2 is activated etc.
• the joystick 2 comprises a toggle stick 43 mounted in the center of the quadratic plate 44.
• a centrally placed pivot pin 46 with a spherical head protrudes from the bottom of plate 44.
• the spherical head of the pivot pin 46 is received in a corresponding recess in a quadratic base plate 45.
• the base plate is provided with four dome switches S1,S2,S3,S4, one on each corner of the base plate.
• the dome switches S1..S4 are resilient and urge the plate 44 in a position parallel to the base plate 45.
• the toggle stick 43 can thus be urged to pivot out of the center position and returns automatically to the center position when no force is applied to it.
• the base plate 45 is mounted on and electrically connected with a printed circuit board 33 inside the mobile phone.
• the toggle stick 43 protrudes from the mobile phone 1 though and opening in the front cover 29.
• the toggle stick 43 is provided with a downwardly opening central longitudinal recess that is placed over a pin 47 that protrudes from the upper side of plate 44.
• a dome switch S5 is placed on top of the pin 47 and engages the internal end of the recess in the toggle stick.
• switch S5 When the toggle stick 43 is pushed down in the direction of arrow 65 switch S5 is activated.
• the dome switch S5 is resilient and when no downward force is applied to the toggle stick the switch S5 returns automatically to its non-active position.
• the construction allows the center switch to be activated in any position of the toggle stick, i.e. the toggle stick does not need to be in its neutral position to activate the center switch.
• the activation of all four switches S1,S2,S3 and S4 can be used as a center switch.
• Data is entered in the mobile phone by sequences of joystick movements.
• the joystick movement sequences are depicted as hard labels around the opening through which the toggle stick 43 protrudes through the front cover 29.
• digit N 3 is entered by pivoting the toggle stick 43 in the direction of arrow 62.
• Digit "4" is entered by pivoting the toggle stick 43 in the direction of arrow 62 and then, without returning to the middle position, pivoting the toggle stick 43 in the direction of arrow 63.
• these joystick movement sequences correspond to the entry of one of the letter group "abc" and "ghi" respectively. The handling of the ambiguous entry of letters is described in detail further below.
• Fig. 8 is a flowchart that illustrates the operation of the process of entering a data value in the phone.
• the processor 18 monitors the state of the switches SI..S5 via interrupt request lines (IRQ), step 8.2.
• step 8.3 the processor 18 monitors if one of the sensors is active. If not, the processor returns to step 8.3 again to monitor if one of the switches is active. If one of the sensors is active, its value is saved in step 8.4.
• step 8.5 the processor monitors if a second sensor is activated whilst the first sensor is still active. If yes, the value of the second sensor is saved and the process moves on to step 8.8.
• step 8.7 the processor monitors in step 8.7 when the first sensor becomes inactive. The monitoring is continued until the first sensor has become inactive. Then, the process moves on to step 8.8.
• step 8.8 the processor 18 looks up in a table which data value corresponds to the recorded switch activation sequence . Table 1 shows which data values are allocated to the different sensor activation sequences :
• a tone can be sounded for each sensor activation, followed by a input confirmation tone when a data value is successfully entered, or followed by a rejection tone when the data value entry failed.
• Figs. 5 and 6 show a variation of the joystick construction that can also be used with the present invention.
• the joystick according to this embodiment is substantially identical to the joystick illustrated in Figs. 3 and 4.
• the switches S1,S2,S3,S4 are however not located in the corners of the base plate but instead at the middle of the side surfaces of the quadratic base plate.
• switches SI and S4 are activated simultaneously.
• switches SI and S2 are activated simultaneously and so on for the other directions .
• the combined switches SI and S2 thus form sensor for detecting joystick movement in the direction of arrow 62.
• the input process of Fig. 8 in principle identical, in that the processor treats the different simultaneous activations as sensor activations.
• the look up table used is modified as shown in table 3 below:
• the characters and commands associated with the entered data values can be the ones illustrated in table 2. above .
• the user interface can be provided with extra functions that can be activated by diagonal movements of the joystick. These movements lead in the first embodiment of the joystick to a simultaneous activation of two switches, e.g. a joystick movement diagonally upward and left will activate switches SI and S4 substantially simultaneously, i.e. an activation of the two switches within a short time window, e.g. 5 milliseconds. In the second embodiment of the joystick the same movement will activate switch S4 only.
• the diagonal movements are according to a preferred embodiment associated with the following functions:
• the volume control can be in the form of an endless loop with increasing level that dropping back to low level at the end of the loop.
• Fig. 10 is a flowchart that illustrates the operation of the process of entering a data value and controlling the mobile phone according to the second preferred •embodiment.
• the process starts in step 10.1.
• the processor 18 monitors the state of the switches SI. ,S5 via interrupt request lines (IRQ) .
• the interrupt request lines are defined in step 10.2.
• the processor monitors if a combination of two sensors is activated simultaneously, thus detecting if any diagonal joystick movement has been made. If yes, the value of this sensor combination is saved in step 10.4 and in step 10.10 the data value allocated to the sensor activation combination is looked up in a table and in step 10.11 the allocated data value is entered.
• step 10.3 After entering the data value the process returns to step 10.3 to monitor the activation of simultaneous activation of two sensors. If not two sensors are activated simultaneously, the process moves on to step 10.5 in which the processor 18 monitors if one of the sensors is active. If not, the processor returns to step 10.2. If one of the sensors is active, its value is saved in step 10.6. In step 10.7 the processor monitors if a second sensor is activated whilst the first sensor is still active. If yes, the value of the second sensor is saved in step 10. 8 and the process moves on to step 10.10. If no second sensor is activated whilst the first sensor is active the processor monitors in step 10.9 when the first sensor becomes inactive. The monitoring is continued until the first sensor has become inactive. Then, the process moves on to step 10.10. When the process arrives at step 10.10 the processor 18 looks up in a table which data value corresponds to the recorded sequence as shown in table 1 above .
• the mobile phone 1 has a plurality of states in which it operates. When the phone is switched on it will start in the idle mode, as shown in Fig. 1. In this mode the phone is ready to receive the entry ot a phone number.
• the main area 23 of the display 3 shows an identification of the network operator concerned (here, a fictive company called MOBICELLTEL) , as a so-called operator logo, and a dedicated area 21 shows the present functionality of the center sensor S5.
• the function of the center sensor S5 in the idle mode is access to the main menu loop of the phone .
• digits are associated with the joystick movement sequences.
• the processor recognizes that the activation sequence to which the digit "2" is associated has been carried out and the processor enters the digit "2" and shows it in the main area 23 of the display 3 (Fig. 11.1).
• the function of the center switch S5 changes to initiate call and the processor changes the soft label 22 to "Call" .
• the complete telephone number is entered and the call is placed by activating the joystick in the center position.
• the phone status changes to the call establishment mode.
• the processor initiates the call and add the texts "Calling..” to the information displayed in the main area of the screen (Fig. 11.2).
• the processor also changes the functionality of the center switch S5 to terminate call and changes the soft label 22 to "End” .
• the phone status changes to the connected mode and the processor displays the text "Connected” in the main area of the display whilst maintaining the function of the center switch as call termination (Fig. 11.3).
• the user activates the centre switch "End” and the phone returns to the idle state (Fig. 1) .
• the phone When a call is received the phone changes to the call receive mode and the processor displays a text identifying the caller when possible.
• the identification can either be the phone number or the calling the name associated therewith in accordance with the phone book entries in the receiving phone (Fig. 11.4) .
• the processor changes the function of the center switch S5 to answer call and changes the soft-label 22 to "Answer" .
• the call can be rejected by moving the joystick diagonally left-up "Clr" .
• the call can be diverted to a voicemail service, if the phone or the network operator has such a function and depending on the settings when the joystick is moved diagonally left-up when during an incoming call. After rejecting/diverting the call the phone returns to the idle state .
• the mode of operation of the joystick can be switched from number entry to controlling cursor movement by moving the joystick diagonally right-up "Mode".
• a cursor is then displayed, and the cursor can be moved back and forth, and if the entered number covers more than one line, also up and down by corresponding joystick movements. This is e.g. useful when a digit at the start of the number has been entered incorrectly.
• Both in the number entry and in the cursor control mode the last entered digit / the digit just before the cursor is deleted by moving the joystick left-up "Clr".
• By moving the joystick diagonally right-up "Mode" the mode is returned to the number entry.
• the center switch S5 "Menu” in the idle mode (Fig. 1) the menu is entered and the display lists the available menu items (Fig. 12.1) in a scrollable list with one item marked (marking in this embodiment by a reverse coloring of the text of the menu item concerned) .
• the joystick is be used to jump from one menu item to the next up or down in the list.
• the marked menu item is activated by pressing the center switch S5 "Select” .
• Stepping back in the menu is done by moving the joystick diagonally left-up "Clr" .
• the phonebook is for example entered by activating the center switch S5 "Select" when the phonebook menu item is marked.
• the user is presented the phone book submenu items such as search numbers, list numbers, add number, edit number, delete number, etc (Fig 12.2).
• search numbers search numbers
• list numbers add number, edit number, delete number, etc
• Fig 12.2 In the submenu items where an entry in the phone book is created or entered the names and eventually the address are edited by the multi tap like text entry mode described in detail below. The numbers are entered as described previously.
• any other menu items and submenu items can be accessed.
• the joystick When activating a gaming application the joystick is often used exclusively or nearly exclusively for navigation, and the center switch for "firing" or the like. The default functions and shortcuts do thus not work.
• Returning to the menu structure from such an application is done by activating the center switch for a long period, i.e. five second.
• the game ot the like is of course automatically interrupted when an incoming call is detected.
• the predictive editor is a disambiguating software.
• An input from the joystick 2 is processed in an input manager.
• Input data is passed to a processing module, which keeps a record of the current input sequence until the user has accepted a word based on this sequence by inserting a space .
• the current sequence of inputs (read: letter groups) is communicated to a prediction processor, which forwards the sequence to one or more modules acting as electronic vocabularies.
• the vocabulary modules work in parallel and respond individually if they contain data matching the current sequence of letter groups .
• One vocabulary module may include a dictionary containing words in a natural language, e.g. English, selected by the user and used as editing language. According to a preferred embodiment some of the other vocabulary modules may contain personalized user defined words .
• the vocabulary modules often supply a plurality of matching words .
• the prediction processor accumulates a complete list of matching words for the selection list from all vocabulary modules. When the prediction processor has finalized the processing, the processing module transfers the selection list to a display manager and the display 3 via the internal bus means .
• the disambiguation software will work as an editor server and therefore pass data strings directly to another client or application program running on the processor 18, too.
• the joystick 2 the input processor and the display manager will be integrated in the application program using the predictive editor as a server.
• These applications may include the electronic phone book memory, notepad, messages, calendar, and internet browsing.
• Vocabulary look-up processing is handled by a computer program being available on the market. Therefore these parts will not be described further.
• the preferred embodiment of the text input according to the invention will be uses a predictive editor application.
• the core functionality of the predictive editor application is its ability to generate the intended text onto the screen from ambiguous inputs entered with the joystick movement sequences. This provides a more efficient method of entering text than the multi-tap method requiring many more joystick activations per letter due to the multiple activation of the centre sensor after a given joystick sequence.
• the predictive editor program makes this possible because it is based on a large intelligent dictionary that allows the editor to predict what word the user intended based on the number of key-presses and combination of keypresses . Often several words will match the keystrokes that are input and the user chooses the desired match from those offered by the predictive editor program.
• a display sequence illustrates the operation of the text input using the predictive editor program.
• a cursor 70 indicates that the editor is ready for a "new" word to be typed to the editor.
• an icon 71 indicates the status of the phone (spelling) based on the predictive editor program.
• the soft-label 22 indicates the functionality of the center switch S5 during the text entry "options” .
• Figs. 1 and 9 The layout of the letter groups and the associated joystick movement sequences are shown in Figs. 1 and 9.
• Fig. 13.1 When starting to type a word (Fig. 13.1), the user simply moves the joystick in the sequence belonging to the letter group containing the desired letter.
• Figs. 13.2 to 13.6 show displays how the user makes the following joystick movements in order to enter the word "case” :
• the predictive editor program is not yet able to display the intended characters and may erroneously display an unintended string of characters . These are therefore displayed as merely temporary characters in the display while the predictive editor program is evolving a match. When continuing the typing of the remaining characters in the word, the displayed characters will become more accurate. No matter what the display shows, the user simply enters the next character in the word he wants to type.
• the phone If the user deletes a complete word, the phone returns to the "initial word entry" mode, and the user can again type a new word.
• the cursor 70 will be placed at the end of the word but the predictive editor program will at this point no longer be active (the already entered word will not be underlined) . If the user clears from this state, he will remove the last character of existing word, and then this word which was left of the cursor 70 will become underlined and active again.
• Inserting digits in the text entry mode can be done in two ways. First of all, keeping the joystick in the last position of a sequence for a period longer than a given threshold, i.e. two seconds directly inserts the corresponding digit into the editor. For example moving the joystick from the center position down and holding the joystick down for longer than two seconds will enter the digit "6".
• the menu "Options” has another submenu "Insert Symbol” in which the user is given access to a plurality of symbols, characters and signs such as: @, $, £ and letters not occurring in the language used in the dictionary.
• the symbols are displayed in a matrix, a symbol in the matrix being marked by a cursor that can be moved/controlled by the joystick and the symbol marked by the cursor can be added to the text by activating the center switch S5 "Select” . Searching alternative matches
• the key sequence entered by the user might allow several words to "fit” .
• the predictive editor program will always first suggest the two most "common” words from the core dictionary. Here after all the whole word matches from the user dictionary will be shown, and finally all remaining matches from the core dictionary are shown.
• the user might be looking for another word other than the immediately suggested one . There might be two or more possible matches to the key sequence. This is most often the case with short words .
• the user can switch to other possible matches by moving the joystick up then left "*#" .
• the predictive editor program will respond by presenting the next possible match.
• the "Options" center switch S5 will include a submenu called “Matches” giving access to a list of matches the user can scroll though the list by pressing the center switch S5 that will have the functionality "Next match” .
• the alternative match candidate will replace the active underlined word in the text and the alternative match candidate is selected in the same way as the default match candidate - e.g. by moving the joystick up and back to the center to enter a space.
• the list is handled as a loop. If no matches beyond what is already displayed then a note will be displayed saying "No Match Found” .
• the display will show a unique error symbol display directly after the entered characters and the center switch label 22 will change from "Options" to "Spell” providing a shortcut to the insert word query where the user can manually enter the desired word based on the multi tap editor type entry.
• the query should appear empty as seen in the display of Fig. 13.1.
• the user is allowed to enter letters by performing the joystick sequence associated with the group of letters containing the to be entered letter, followed by one to three activations of the center switch S5 within a predetermined timeout period (well known from conventional multi tap techniques on an alphanumerical keypad) .
• One activation of the center switch S5 enters the first letter of a group, two activations of the center switch S5 enters the second letter of a group whilst three activations within the timeout period enters the third letter of a group.
• This mode of entry is used for spelling particular words that can not be provided by the predictive editor program, and also to enter names in the telephone book.
• the user accepts the word by pressing the center switch S5 having the functionality label 22 "OK" whereby the editor returns to editing by using the predictive editor program. If the user continues to use the predictive editor program the last entered character will hence be displayed as an error symbol, to indicate to the user that no further possible words matches to the typed key sequence.
• the phone will emit a short alert beep to draw attention to indicate the lack of matches. If the user types more keys in the situation the display will not show more characters and an information note saying "No Match Found" will be shown.
• the predictive editor program input method basically can only handle adding or deleting at the end of a word, the cursor handling is optimized for this.
• the cursor 70 will be moved one space at a time. Also, when moving through symbols, numbers, etc., the cursor is moved one character at a time.
• the editor application opens the already written word for editing with the predictive editor program by placing the cursor in the desired position. Then the editor application regenerates the sequence of entries based on the presently displayed matching word. When the editor application adds new entries to the regenerated sequence of entries in dependence of the position of the cursor and the key pressed. This new string is used by the predictive editor program to find new matches.
• the "Option" menu in the predictive editor program will include some submenu items as:
• the predictive editor program may supports a user dictionary, where words not initially known by the program can be stored.
• Fig. 15 The basic editing concept is shown in Fig. 15.
• the predictive editor When the predictive editor is started up the editor starts to wait for a joystick activation sequence in step 100.
• a joystick activation sequence When a joystick activation sequence is detected the data value allocated thereto is added to a joystick input string and transferred to the predictive editor program in step 101.
• the predictive editor program responds to this input in step 102 and in step 103 the processor 18 investigates whether the predictive editor program could find possible matches .
• step 103 If no possible match is found in step 103 the last possible match is displayed in step 104 together with an error symbol and the function of the center switch S5 is changed to a short cut to the multi-tap spell mode.
• step 105 If the user in step 105 accepts (by entering a space) the last possible match this word will be added to the text.
• the joystick activation sequence string is cleared in step 106 and the editor starts to wait for a joystick activation sequence in step 100. If the user in step 106 goes to the multi-tap spell mode he can enter the intended word in an unambiguous way in step 107. When accepting the entered word by pressing center switch S5 this word will be added to the text.
• the input string is cleared in step 106 and the editor starts to wait for a joystick activation sequence in step 100.
• step 108 the preferred one is displayed in step 108.
• step 109 the next joystick activation sequence is read.
• step 110 it is checked whether the user searches for alternative matches by moving the joystick left then up "+*" . if this is the case the alternative match is displayed in step 111.
• step 112 it is checked whether the user accepts the displayed word by activating the center switch. If this is the case the word will no longer be active and will be added to the entered string of words in step 113. Hereafter, the input string is cleared in step 106 and the editor starts to wait for a joystick activation sequence in step 100.
• step 101 for adding the joystick activation sequence to the input string for looking up matches.
• Fig. 16 illustrates a third preferred embodiment of the invention in which the joystick is replaced by four keys K1,K2,K3,K5. Switches S1,S2,S3 and S4 (not shown) are associated with keys K1,K2,K3 and K5 respectively.
• the operation of the keys is analogous to the first and second preferred embodiments described previously.
• Data values are allocated to activation sequences in accordance with the table 5 below:
• the entered data is equal to the data value concerned.
• letter groups having a plurality of letters are associated with the data values. Disambiguation is performed by multi tapping or using a predictive editor application as described above with reference to the first and second embodiment.
• Fig. 17 discloses a variation of the third preferred embodiment, in which a fifth "enter" key with an associate switch S5 is added. Data values are allocated to activation sequences in accordance with the table 6 below:
• the invention has been described in detail with reference to a mobile phone. It is however understood that any other eclectic terminal could profit form the present type of input method and device. Also, other types of 4- way input devices such as e.g. trackballs can be used for the present invention.
• the input device has been illustrated without any other keys in the user interface. It is though also possible to combine the input device with more hard and/or soft keys .

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• 2003
  • 2003-12-23 US US10/583,192 patent/US20070273648A1/en not_active Abandoned
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