A MACHINE FOR FILLING PACKAGES, IN PARTICULAR SACKS AND/OR BAGS.
TECHNICAL FIELD AND BACKGROUND ART. The present invention relates to a machine for filling packages, in particular sacks and/or bags, mainly to be used in the food and/or pharmaceutical industries.
In the food and pharmaceutical industries, the current practice is to preserve and distribute products inside bags or sack packages, preferably of the flexible kind.
Packaging in bags or sacks can be employed for products of any nature, be they solid, liquid, or in powder form.
Currently, the filling of bags or sacks occurs partially in controlled environment and partially in unprotected environment. In particular, the opening and the filling of the packages take place in uncontrolled environment by means of gripping elements, typically suction cups or mechanical hands, which grip two opposite surfaces of the same package, to open it and allow the insertion of a filling valve, to dispense the product directly inside the package. The closure of the bag, on the contrary, takes place in a protected environment, within which is created a predetermined degree of vacuum. Specifically, the closure is currently conducted by means of heat sealing, achieved with a pair of bars which press, superposing them, two edges of the sack positioned mutually opposite and in correspondence with a mouth thereof.
In accordance with a first prior art, there are rotary machines for filling bags or sacks.
Such rotary machines are provided with a first carrousel, whereon the sacks are opened and filled with the selected product, and with a second carrousel, whereon the sacks are closed, normally in a protected environment.
The rotary machines and the methods which provide only for the opening and filling in an unprotected environment have the important drawback of not being able to assure, in case of need, an aseptic filling of the packages. In particular, it is not possible to sterilise the sack, because the filling cycle does not take place completely inside a controlled environment, but the sack undergoes manipulations (in particular opening and filling) also in an uncontrolled environment. In the second place, rotary machines provided with a pair of carrousels are complex to construct and require a large amount of space to be installed.
In accordance with a second prior art, there are machines for filling sacks or bags which allow to carry out the entire cycle for processing the packages in a controlled environment and/or in an environment that is protected from outside agents.
In particular, such machines comprise a filling station provided with a bell able to house the sack during its opening, filling and closure. Such machines are also provided with means for aspirating air from the interior of the bell, to create a predetermined degree of vacuum to facilitate the closure of the sack and reduce product deterioration thanks to the
elimination of oxygen.
The machines briefly described above have the important drawbacks of being single format, i.e. they can fill only one type of sacks during a same productive cycle. An additional drawback is that, to fill different formats, it is necessary to stop the operation of the machine and to replace, or adapt, the equipment required to fill the bags or the sacks.
DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION.
An object of the present invention is to eliminate the aforementioned drawbacks, making available a machine for filling packages, in particular sacks and/or bags, which is multi format, i.e. able to perform, within the same productive cycle, the filling of sacks or bags having different formats.
An additional object of the present invention is to propose a machine for filling packages, in particular sacks and/or bags, that is able to fill both packages intended for large scale distribution, and packages intended for household consumption and/or catering and restaurant services.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a machine for filling packages, in particular sacks and/or bags, which is able to perform the filling operation both in a controlled environment and in an unprotected environment.
A further object of the present invention is to obtain the results set out above within the scope of a simple, rational and reliable constructive solution. BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION.
Said objects are fully achieved by the machine for filling packages, in particular sacks and/or bags, of the present invention, which is characterised by the content of the appended claims. These and other objects shall become more readily apparent from the following description of a preferred embodiment illustrated, purely by way of non limiting example, in the accompanying drawing tables, in which Figures 1, 2 and 3 show three global axonometric views of a machine according to the invention, from three different angles. With reference to the figures, the machine for filling packages, in particular sacks and/or bags, in accordance with the present invention, is globally designated by the number 1.
The machine 1 comprises a carrousel 2 provided with a plurality of stations 3 able to house packages 4, preferably flexible sacks and/or bags of the type commonly used to contain food or pharmaceutical products, in liquid, solid, or powder form.
Each station 3 is provided with gripping means for gripping and holding the packages 4. In the preferred embodiment, said gripping means are preferably constituted by pincers 5. The machine 1 comprises a plurality of stations for processing the packages 4 co-operating with the stations 3 present on the carrousel 2.
In the illustrated example, the processing stations comprise a station 6 for opening the packages, a station 7 for filling the open packages and a station 8 for closing the filled packages. With reference to the figure, the processing stations are preferably installed on a base 9 of the machine 1 and are positioned outside the
carrousel 2, along a peripheral development thereof.
In new and absolutely original fashion, the carrousel 2 is subdivided into operative sectors 10, each of which has a plurality of stations 3 able to receive packages 4a, 4b having different formats. In particular, the stations of a same operative sector 10 simultaneously co-operate with a same processing station.
With particular reference to Figures 1 and 2, the station 6 for opening the packages is provided with a plurality of suction cups 11 facing each other and able to move closer to and farther away from each other. Specifically, the suction cups 1 1 grip mutually opposite edges 44, 54 of each package, positioned in correspondence with a mouth 64 thereof.
With particular reference to Figures 2 and 3 the station 7 for filling the previously opened packages is provided with a plurality of filling valves 12, each of which is provided with a nozzle 13 able to be inserted into a corresponding package, to dispense a product therein.
With a particular reference to Figures 1 and 3, the station 8 for closing the previously filled packages comprises means for sealing the mutually opposite edges 44, 54 of each package.
In the preferred embodiment, the means for sealing the mutually opposite edges 44, 54 of each package are constituted by pairs of heat sealing bars
14, 15, facing each other and able to press said edges 44, 54 of each package against each other.
The machine 1 comprises one or more magazines (not shown) for feeding the packages, provided with a plurality of lanes adapted to contain packages with predetermined formats. Said lanes simultaneously co-
operate with corresponding station of a same operative sector 10 of the carrousel 2. In particular, each lane of the magazine is destined to contain packages having a predetermined format.
In the illustrated example, each operative sector 10 comprises five stations, three for receiving packages 4b having a first format and two for receiving packages 4a having a second format, different from the first. In this case, the packages are preferably fed by means of a pair of magazines
(not shown) respectively having three and two lanes.
With reference to the figures, the machine 1 comprises means for moving away from the carrousel 2 the filled and closed packages (designated by the number 74 in the figures).
In the illustrated example, the means for moving the packages away comprise a pair of conveyor belts 16, 17 able to receive the previously filled and closed packages 74. Specifically, the conveyor belts 16, 17 receive the packages lying according to side by side rows 100, 101, 102,
103, 104, the number of said rows preferably being the same as the number of lanes present on the magazine for feeding the packages to the carrousel 2.
The operation of the invention is as follows. The packages 4 are fed, by means of one or more magazines, to the stations 3 present on a same operative sector 10 of the carrousel 2.
In particular, in the illustrated example, the machine 1 is fed with packages 4a, 4b having two different formats and positioned respectively on two and three files. The packages 4a, 4b are gripped laterally by the pincers 5 and are held
thereby during the rotation of the carrousel 2.
The carrousel 2, rotating about a substantially vertical axis thereof, brings the packages in correspondence with the first processing station which, in the embodiment shown herein, coincides with the opening station 6. In this station the suction cups 11, adhering to the mutually opposite edges 44, 54 of each package and moving away from each other, open the package and ready it for filling.
After the packages are opened, the carrousel 2 rotates again to bring the open packages in correspondence with the filling station 7. In this station, the filling valves 12 are lowered, favouring the entry of the nozzle 13 into each previously opened package.
At the end of the filling operation, the filling valves 12 are raised, allowing the extraction of the nozzle 13 from the packages. Thereafter, the carrousel 2 undergoes and additional rotation, such as to bring the newly filled packages in correspondence with the closing station 8.
In this station, the pairs of heat sealing bars 14, 15 press against each other the edges 44, 54 of each package 4a, 4b, thereby sealing it. Lastly, the filled and closed packages 4a, 4b are laid onto the conveyor belts 16, 17 to be removed from the machine 1. In particular, the packages are arranged on said conveyor belts according to a number of rows equal to the number of rows for feeding the machine. As is readily apparent from the figures and from the description of the operation of the machine 1, each operative sector 10 allows simultaneously to process packages having different formats.
According to the illustrated embodiment, each processing station is provided with multiple working heads. In particular, there are two heads for each station, i.e. one for processing the packages 4a (having a pre-set format) and one for processing the packages 4b (having a different format) positioned on a same operative sector 10.
According to alternative embodiments, any number of working heads may be used.
In accordance with a possible different embodiment not illustrated herein, the machine 1, or at least a processing station associated therewith, is enclosed by protecting walls able to define a controlled environment, to allow an aseptic filling of the packages. The invention achieves important advantages.
First of all, a machine according to the present invention is able to perform, in a same productive cycle, the filling of sacks or bags having different formats. In particular, such a machine allow to fill, in the same productive cycle, both packages intended for large scale distribution, and packages intended for household consumption and/or for catering and restaurant services. In the second place, such a machine is able to perform the filling operation both in a controlled environment and in an unprotected environment.
An additional advantage is that a machine according to the invention is modular. The processing stations may be replaced and/or partially deactivated, according to the desired production rate of the machine. Advantageously, the machine according to the invention is extremely
simple, rational and reliable.