WO2005050540A1 - Capteur d’empreinte digitale a deux sens de balayage - Google Patents
Capteur d’empreinte digitale a deux sens de balayage Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2005050540A1 WO2005050540A1 PCT/EP2004/052870 EP2004052870W WO2005050540A1 WO 2005050540 A1 WO2005050540 A1 WO 2005050540A1 EP 2004052870 W EP2004052870 W EP 2004052870W WO 2005050540 A1 WO2005050540 A1 WO 2005050540A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- image
- finger
- deformation
- threshold
- images
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/117—Identification of persons
- A61B5/1171—Identification of persons based on the shapes or appearances of their bodies or parts thereof
- A61B5/1172—Identification of persons based on the shapes or appearances of their bodies or parts thereof using fingerprinting
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06V—IMAGE OR VIDEO RECOGNITION OR UNDERSTANDING
- G06V40/00—Recognition of biometric, human-related or animal-related patterns in image or video data
- G06V40/10—Human or animal bodies, e.g. vehicle occupants or pedestrians; Body parts, e.g. hands
- G06V40/12—Fingerprints or palmprints
- G06V40/1382—Detecting the live character of the finger, i.e. distinguishing from a fake or cadaver finger
- G06V40/1388—Detecting the live character of the finger, i.e. distinguishing from a fake or cadaver finger using image processing
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F18/00—Pattern recognition
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06V—IMAGE OR VIDEO RECOGNITION OR UNDERSTANDING
- G06V40/00—Recognition of biometric, human-related or animal-related patterns in image or video data
- G06V40/10—Human or animal bodies, e.g. vehicle occupants or pedestrians; Body parts, e.g. hands
- G06V40/12—Fingerprints or palmprints
- G06V40/1335—Combining adjacent partial images (e.g. slices) to create a composite input or reference pattern; Tracking a sweeping finger movement
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06V—IMAGE OR VIDEO RECOGNITION OR UNDERSTANDING
- G06V40/00—Recognition of biometric, human-related or animal-related patterns in image or video data
- G06V40/10—Human or animal bodies, e.g. vehicle occupants or pedestrians; Body parts, e.g. hands
- G06V40/12—Fingerprints or palmprints
- G06V40/1382—Detecting the live character of the finger, i.e. distinguishing from a fake or cadaver finger
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06V—IMAGE OR VIDEO RECOGNITION OR UNDERSTANDING
- G06V40/00—Recognition of biometric, human-related or animal-related patterns in image or video data
- G06V40/40—Spoof detection, e.g. liveness detection
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06V—IMAGE OR VIDEO RECOGNITION OR UNDERSTANDING
- G06V40/00—Recognition of biometric, human-related or animal-related patterns in image or video data
- G06V40/10—Human or animal bodies, e.g. vehicle occupants or pedestrians; Body parts, e.g. hands
- G06V40/12—Fingerprints or palmprints
- G06V40/13—Sensors therefor
- G06V40/1306—Sensors therefor non-optical, e.g. ultrasonic or capacitive sensing
Definitions
- the invention relates to the recognition of fingerprints, and more particularly the recognition from a sensor in the form of an elongated strip of detectors which are capable of detecting the peaks and valleys of fingerprints during the relative scrolling of a finger by relative to the sensor substantially perpendicular to the direction of elongation of the bar.
- a sensor in the form of an elongated strip of detectors which are capable of detecting the peaks and valleys of fingerprints during the relative scrolling of a finger by relative to the sensor substantially perpendicular to the direction of elongation of the bar.
- elongated sensors smaller than the image of the finger to be collected and which can therefore only collect this image thanks to the relative scrolling between the finger and the sensor.
- These sensors can operate mainly by optical or capacitive or thermal or piezoelectric detection. These sensors have the advantage, compared to non-scrolling sensors on which the finger is left stationary, of having a reduced cost due to the small surface area of silicon that they use.
- the image thus reconstructed is used to compare it with prerecorded images.
- a fraudster uses an artificial finger whose surface is molded or engraved with a relief which imitates the relief of a fingerprint of an authorized person.
- the invention aims to limit the risks of fraud of this type.
- the invention proposes a detection method which provides for a double sliding operation of the finger on the surface of the scrolling sensor, one sliding being carried out in one direction and the other in the opposite direction, an image reconstruction.
- the invention is based on the observation that in the case of images taken by scrolling the finger over a linear sensor, the image of the finger scrolling in one direction is not identical to the image of the scrolling finger. in the other direction, the friction of the finger on the sensor inducing indeed, due to the plasticity of the skin, a stretching or a tightening of the crest lines of the imprint according to the direction of travel and according to the position of the footprint area considered.
- the nature of the deformation due to the plasticity of the skin is of the following form: the ridge lines tend to settle against each other (compression of the image in the direction of movement) for the finger part located forward in the direction of movement, while the crest lines tend to move away from each other (extension of the image in the direction of movement) for the part of finger situated rather towards the rear in the direction of movement.
- This double deformation results from the pressure applied by the finger against the surface of the sensor, pressure which is higher in the part situated at the front in the direction of movement and which is lower in the rear part.
- FIG. 1a represents an example of a fingerprint detected and reconstructed during an upward displacement
- Figure 2 schematizes the principle of observable distortion for a living finger, in the form of a symbol in which the imprint lines are assumed, in a static state, to be equidistant oval contours (figure 2a); during a displacement, the lines are more tightened towards the front of the direction of displacement; they are more stretched back; they are little displaced on the sides; in the downward movement (Figure 2b), it is therefore the bottom lines of the image which are more tightened and the top lines of the image which are more spaced; when moving up ( Figure 2c) it is the opposite.
- This observation is used to enhance security against fraud using a fake finger.
- the prerecorded image has been also taken and recorded from the same scrolling sensor, or in any case from a scrolling sensor. It is also possible to make a single image recognition by comparing a reconstructed image with a single prerecorded image, taken either statically or with scrolling in one direction. In this case, the authentication will be completed by an evaluation of the image distortion due to the scrolling and a verification that this distortion is normal and corresponds a priori to a living finger. Essentially, this verification consists in determining a percentage of image distortion and in ensuring that this percentage is situated between two limits.
- the limits are - a lower limit because if the distortion is too low it may be because a molded or engraved false finger is used in place of a living finger, - and an upper limit because an exaggerated distortion between the two scrolling directions would prevent correct identification of the average image of the finger, therefore of the person to be authenticated.
- To detect the distortion we can use remarkable points of the imprint, called "minutiae”. Notable points or minutiae are the stopping points of a ridge line or the points of division of a ridge line which separates into two ridge lines.
- One method consists in locating three remarkable points in the axis or close to the scrolling axis, these remarkable points being visible on the images taken in the two scrolling directions.
- FIG. 3b represent an image in one direction and an image in the other direction, and three remarkable points H, B and M have been indicated in FIG. 3a, located respectively towards the front of the finger, towards the back of the finger and towards the middle of the finger. These same markable points are designated by H ", B 'and M' in FIG. 3b.
- the distances HM and MB, HM 'and MB' are measured for the two acquisitions. Given the natural distortion, the distance HM will be most often smaller than H'M 'and the distance MB will often be greater than M'B'.
- the distance can be calculated in number of vertical pixels (the vertical representing the direction of scrolling).
- the H'M '/ HM ratio is typically of the order of 0.85, while the M'B' / MB ratio is typically equal to the reverse, ie 1 / 0.85.
- a typical range of distortion values is 10% to 25%, i.e. the image will be considered acceptable if the distortion rate between the two directions of travel, for the high or low regions of l 'footprint, is between 10% and 25% and unacceptable if it leaves this range.
- Recognition of the fingerprint will be accepted by the system provided that the distortion is greater than a first threshold, and preferably also provided that it is less than a second threshold.
- the positions of the remarkable points can be identified using a contour extraction software.
- FIG. 4a represents the signal provided by a pixel located in the center of the detection bar and which sees the ridges of the imprint passing by.
- the generally sinusoidal aspect of the signal reflects the successive passage of crests and troughs of the imprint.
- Figure 4b shows the signal obtained when scrolling in the other direction. One counts again the numbers of alternation for the corresponding parts of image, on identical lengths of image.
- the ratio between the alternation numbers of the corresponding regions for the two directions of travel is a measure of the distortion of the imprint.
- This alternation count is however not very precise and it is preferable to determine an average spatial frequency by means of a Fourier transform calculation of the image of the high region and of the low region of the finger.
- the transform can be calculated on the whole image or on a vertical strip in the center of the finger over the entire length of the upper part on the one hand, over the entire length of the lower part on the other hand.
- the Fourier transform reveals a low frequency component characteristic of the periodicity of scrolling of the imprints in the high region and a characteristic frequency in the low region.
- the ratio between the values of this characteristic frequency for a given region and for the two directions of travel is a measure of the difference in distortions.
- a ratio of less than 10% will be considered unacceptable because it probably does not correspond to a living finger, and a ratio of more than 25% will also be considered to be unacceptable, such a deformation not making it possible to determine with sufficient reliability a reconstruction of the average static fingerprint from which a comparison with prerecorded fingerprints can be made. If a measurement is made on both the lower and the upper part of the image, the distortion can be considered satisfactory either if the two parts of the image meet the acceptable distortion criterion or if at least one of the two parts of the image meet this criterion.
- the invention is applicable for fingerprint sensors of all kinds: optical, or capacitive, or thermal or piezoelectric detection in particular, but it is particularly advantageous in the case of a sensor requiring in any case close physical contact between the sensor and the finger (capacitive, thermal or piezoelectric sensors). Successive scanning in both directions can be performed without lifting your finger between the two passes.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Multimedia (AREA)
- Human Computer Interaction (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Computer Vision & Pattern Recognition (AREA)
- Evolutionary Biology (AREA)
- Medical Informatics (AREA)
- Evolutionary Computation (AREA)
- Data Mining & Analysis (AREA)
- Bioinformatics & Computational Biology (AREA)
- Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
- Artificial Intelligence (AREA)
- Biophysics (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Surgery (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Collating Specific Patterns (AREA)
- Image Input (AREA)
- Measurement Of The Respiration, Hearing Ability, Form, And Blood Characteristics Of Living Organisms (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2006540434A JP2007511845A (ja) | 2003-11-21 | 2004-11-08 | 双方向走査指紋センサ |
US10/575,272 US20080247615A1 (en) | 2003-11-21 | 2004-11-08 | Two-Way Scanning Fingerprint Sensor |
CA002545033A CA2545033A1 (fr) | 2003-11-21 | 2004-11-08 | Capteur d'empreinte digitale a deux sens de balayage |
EP04798183A EP1685520A1 (fr) | 2003-11-21 | 2004-11-08 | Capteur d'empreinte digitale a deux sens de balayage |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR0313661A FR2862785B1 (fr) | 2003-11-21 | 2003-11-21 | Capteur d'empreinte digitale a deux sens de balayage |
FR0313661 | 2003-11-21 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2005050540A1 true WO2005050540A1 (fr) | 2005-06-02 |
Family
ID=34531174
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/EP2004/052870 WO2005050540A1 (fr) | 2003-11-21 | 2004-11-08 | Capteur d’empreinte digitale a deux sens de balayage |
Country Status (8)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20080247615A1 (fr) |
EP (1) | EP1685520A1 (fr) |
JP (1) | JP2007511845A (fr) |
KR (1) | KR20060108637A (fr) |
CN (1) | CN100394434C (fr) |
CA (1) | CA2545033A1 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR2862785B1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2005050540A1 (fr) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US8861807B2 (en) | 2009-12-22 | 2014-10-14 | Nec Corporation | Fake finger determination device |
US8929618B2 (en) | 2009-12-07 | 2015-01-06 | Nec Corporation | Fake-finger determination device |
Families Citing this family (14)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP5120013B2 (ja) * | 2008-03-27 | 2013-01-16 | 富士通株式会社 | 認証装置、認証方法及び認証プログラム |
KR101055603B1 (ko) * | 2009-08-06 | 2011-08-10 | 한국산업기술대학교산학협력단 | 지문인식 시스템 및 위조지문 식별방법 |
FR2981769B1 (fr) * | 2011-10-25 | 2013-12-27 | Morpho | Dispositif anti-fraude |
US9846799B2 (en) | 2012-05-18 | 2017-12-19 | Apple Inc. | Efficient texture comparison |
US20140003683A1 (en) * | 2012-06-29 | 2014-01-02 | Apple Inc. | Far-Field Sensing for Rotation of Finger |
US10068120B2 (en) | 2013-03-15 | 2018-09-04 | Apple Inc. | High dynamic range fingerprint sensing |
NL2014444B1 (en) * | 2015-03-12 | 2017-01-06 | Pan Changbang | Finger scanner, and method of scanning a finger using the finger scanner. |
WO2016197298A1 (fr) * | 2015-06-08 | 2016-12-15 | 北京旷视科技有限公司 | Procédé de détection de corps vivant, système de détection de corps vivant et produit de programme informatique |
KR102434562B1 (ko) | 2015-06-30 | 2022-08-22 | 삼성전자주식회사 | 위조 지문 검출 방법 및 장치, 지문 인식 방법 및 장치 |
FR3063366A1 (fr) * | 2017-02-27 | 2018-08-31 | Safran Identity & Security | Procede et dispositif de reconnaissance d'un individu par signature biometrique |
US10515255B2 (en) | 2017-03-24 | 2019-12-24 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Fingerprint sensor with bioimpedance indicator |
US10438040B2 (en) | 2017-03-24 | 2019-10-08 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Multi-functional ultrasonic fingerprint sensor |
US10552658B2 (en) * | 2017-03-24 | 2020-02-04 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Biometric sensor with finger-force navigation |
US11385770B1 (en) | 2021-04-21 | 2022-07-12 | Qualcomm Incorporated | User interfaces for single-handed mobile device control |
Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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WO2003010707A1 (fr) * | 2001-07-20 | 2003-02-06 | Activcard Ireland Limited | Procede et appareil destines a compenser la distorsion d'une image dans un lecteur biometrique |
US20030123714A1 (en) * | 2001-11-06 | 2003-07-03 | O'gorman Lawrence | Method and system for capturing fingerprints from multiple swipe images |
Family Cites Families (11)
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JPH052635A (ja) * | 1991-06-26 | 1993-01-08 | Chuo Spring Co Ltd | 個人識別装置 |
JP2636736B2 (ja) * | 1994-05-13 | 1997-07-30 | 日本電気株式会社 | 指紋合成装置 |
US6233348B1 (en) * | 1997-10-20 | 2001-05-15 | Fujitsu Limited | Fingerprint registering apparatus, fingerprint identifying apparatus, and fingerprint identifying method |
JP3356144B2 (ja) * | 1999-12-08 | 2002-12-09 | 日本電気株式会社 | バイオメトリクスを用いるユーザ認証装置及びそれに用いるユーザ認証方法 |
JP4321944B2 (ja) * | 2000-04-27 | 2009-08-26 | 富士通株式会社 | 生体情報を用いた個人認証システム |
JP3780830B2 (ja) * | 2000-07-28 | 2006-05-31 | 日本電気株式会社 | 指紋識別方法及び装置 |
JP2002298141A (ja) * | 2001-03-29 | 2002-10-11 | Nec Corp | パターン照合装置とそのパターン照合方法、及びパターン照合プログラム |
JP2003051012A (ja) * | 2001-08-03 | 2003-02-21 | Nec Corp | ユーザ認証方法及びユーザ認証装置 |
KR100453220B1 (ko) * | 2001-12-05 | 2004-10-15 | 한국전자통신연구원 | 지문 특징점을 이용한 사용자 인증 장치 및 방법 |
US7013030B2 (en) * | 2002-02-14 | 2006-03-14 | Wong Jacob Y | Personal choice biometric signature |
US7116805B2 (en) * | 2003-01-07 | 2006-10-03 | Avagotechnologies Ecbu Ip (Singapore) Pte. Ltd. | Fingerprint verification device |
-
2003
- 2003-11-21 FR FR0313661A patent/FR2862785B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2004
- 2004-11-08 EP EP04798183A patent/EP1685520A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
- 2004-11-08 US US10/575,272 patent/US20080247615A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2004-11-08 CN CNB2004800343472A patent/CN100394434C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2004-11-08 CA CA002545033A patent/CA2545033A1/fr not_active Abandoned
- 2004-11-08 WO PCT/EP2004/052870 patent/WO2005050540A1/fr not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2004-11-08 KR KR1020067008290A patent/KR20060108637A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2004-11-08 JP JP2006540434A patent/JP2007511845A/ja active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2003010707A1 (fr) * | 2001-07-20 | 2003-02-06 | Activcard Ireland Limited | Procede et appareil destines a compenser la distorsion d'une image dans un lecteur biometrique |
US20030123714A1 (en) * | 2001-11-06 | 2003-07-03 | O'gorman Lawrence | Method and system for capturing fingerprints from multiple swipe images |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US8929618B2 (en) | 2009-12-07 | 2015-01-06 | Nec Corporation | Fake-finger determination device |
US8861807B2 (en) | 2009-12-22 | 2014-10-14 | Nec Corporation | Fake finger determination device |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
KR20060108637A (ko) | 2006-10-18 |
CA2545033A1 (fr) | 2005-06-02 |
CN100394434C (zh) | 2008-06-11 |
FR2862785A1 (fr) | 2005-05-27 |
JP2007511845A (ja) | 2007-05-10 |
US20080247615A1 (en) | 2008-10-09 |
EP1685520A1 (fr) | 2006-08-02 |
FR2862785B1 (fr) | 2006-01-20 |
CN1882952A (zh) | 2006-12-20 |
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