WO2005045332A1 - Agencement de refroidissement - Google Patents

Agencement de refroidissement Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2005045332A1
WO2005045332A1 PCT/GB2004/004721 GB2004004721W WO2005045332A1 WO 2005045332 A1 WO2005045332 A1 WO 2005045332A1 GB 2004004721 W GB2004004721 W GB 2004004721W WO 2005045332 A1 WO2005045332 A1 WO 2005045332A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
containers
arrangement according
cooling arrangement
liquid
container
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/GB2004/004721
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Brian Hoole Ford
Saffa Bashir Riffat
Rosa Schiano-Phan
Elfatih Ibrahim
Original Assignee
The University Of Nottingham
W.S.P. Environmental Limited
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by The University Of Nottingham, W.S.P. Environmental Limited filed Critical The University Of Nottingham
Publication of WO2005045332A1 publication Critical patent/WO2005045332A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D7/00—Devices using evaporation effects without recovery of the vapour
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C1/00—Building elements of block or other shape for the construction of parts of buildings
    • E04C1/39—Building elements of block or other shape for the construction of parts of buildings characterised by special adaptations, e.g. serving for locating conduits, for forming soffits, cornices, or shelves, for fixing wall-plates or door-frames, for claustra
    • E04C1/392—Building elements of block or other shape for the construction of parts of buildings characterised by special adaptations, e.g. serving for locating conduits, for forming soffits, cornices, or shelves, for fixing wall-plates or door-frames, for claustra for ventilating, heating or cooling
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C1/00—Building elements of block or other shape for the construction of parts of buildings
    • E04C1/39—Building elements of block or other shape for the construction of parts of buildings characterised by special adaptations, e.g. serving for locating conduits, for forming soffits, cornices, or shelves, for fixing wall-plates or door-frames, for claustra
    • E04C1/397—Building elements of block or other shape for the construction of parts of buildings characterised by special adaptations, e.g. serving for locating conduits, for forming soffits, cornices, or shelves, for fixing wall-plates or door-frames, for claustra serving for locating conduits
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F13/00—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings
    • E04F13/07—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor
    • E04F13/08—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements
    • E04F13/0801—Separate fastening elements
    • E04F13/0803—Separate fastening elements with load-supporting elongated furring elements between wall and covering elements
    • E04F13/081—Separate fastening elements with load-supporting elongated furring elements between wall and covering elements with additional fastening elements between furring elements and covering elements
    • E04F13/0821—Separate fastening elements with load-supporting elongated furring elements between wall and covering elements with additional fastening elements between furring elements and covering elements the additional fastening elements located in-between two adjacent covering elements
    • E04F13/0826—Separate fastening elements with load-supporting elongated furring elements between wall and covering elements with additional fastening elements between furring elements and covering elements the additional fastening elements located in-between two adjacent covering elements engaging side grooves running along the whole length of the covering elements
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F13/00—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings
    • E04F13/07—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor
    • E04F13/08—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements
    • E04F13/0801—Separate fastening elements
    • E04F13/0832—Separate fastening elements without load-supporting elongated furring elements between wall and covering elements
    • E04F13/0833—Separate fastening elements without load-supporting elongated furring elements between wall and covering elements not adjustable
    • E04F13/0846—Separate fastening elements without load-supporting elongated furring elements between wall and covering elements not adjustable the fastening elements engaging holes or grooves in the side faces of the covering elements
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F13/00—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings
    • E04F13/07—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor
    • E04F13/08—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements
    • E04F13/0869—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements having conduits for fluids
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F5/00—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater
    • F24F5/0007—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater cooling apparatus specially adapted for use in air-conditioning
    • F24F5/0035—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater cooling apparatus specially adapted for use in air-conditioning using evaporation
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
    • Y02B30/54—Free-cooling systems

Definitions

  • This invention relates to cooling arrangements. More particularly, the invention relates to cooling arrangements comprising an array of containers of porous materials.
  • air conditioning In many countries, particularly those in hot climates, the air conditioning is used to cool rooms in, for example, office blocks. However, air conditioning is expensive and can use refrigerants which contribute to global warming.
  • a cooling arrangement comprising a plurality of containers arranged in an array, wherein each container is constructed to hold a liquid, and is formed of a porous material, whereby the liquid can evaporate through the material to cool the regions surrounding the array, and the cooling arrangement further comprising feed means for feeding further liquid to the containers to replenish the liquid evaporated therefrom.
  • a drainage arrangement may be provided to drain liquid from the array.
  • the drainage arrangement may comprise a manifold drain conduit to receive liquid from the containers.
  • the manifold drain conduit may comprise a plurality of inlets to receive liquid from respective containers.
  • the liquid comprises water.
  • the feed means may be arranged to feed the liquid to the containers from a supply of the liquid, or from a vessel containing a body of the liquid.
  • the vessel may be constructed for collecting rain water.
  • the supply of the liquid may comprise a mains supply of the liquid.
  • the feed means may comprise a main conduit, which may be connected to a liquid supply, e.g. a supply of mains water.
  • the feed means may further include a distribution means to enable the liquid to be distributed among the containers.
  • the distribution means may comprise a manifold having a plurality of outlets, each outlet being connected to a respective one of the containers by a subsidiary conduit to feed the liquid thereto.
  • each container is formed of a porous ceramic material and may include at least one aperture through which liquid can pass into and out of the container.
  • Each container may comprise a plurality of apertures e.g. two, through which liquid can pass into and out of the container.
  • Each container may comprise co-operating formation, to co-operate with adjacent similar or identical containers. The aforesaid adjacent containers may be above and/or below the said container.
  • the formations may comprise at least one recess and at least one projection to allow stacking of the containers to provide said array.
  • the or each, recess and projection may be of a conical or frustoconical shape
  • the or each, recess of one container can receive a projection of another container.
  • The, or each, recess and the, or each, projection may be provided on upper and lower sides of the container.
  • the recess may be provided on an upper side and the projection may be provided on a lower side.
  • the apertures may be defined respectively at the recess and the projection.
  • each container may comprise a main portion and an outwardly extending stabilising portion on the main portion.
  • The, or each, stabilising portion may be included to provide stability when the containers are stacked on the ground or floor.
  • the array may be suspended from an upper support which may be a ceiling or a beam and connecting members may extend through the containers to connect one container to adjacent containers.
  • the connecting members connect adjacent containers arranged vertically of each other.
  • At least some of the connecting members may constitute the subsidiary conduits for feeding liquid to the respective containers.
  • Containers suitable for use in a suspended array may be devoid of the aforesaid one or more support portions.
  • the array may be mounted on a wall and may constitute cladding on the wall.
  • Securing members may be provided to secure the containers to the wall.
  • Each securing member may comprise at least one cantilever member to engage at least one of the containers.
  • each securing member may comprise two of said cantilever members to engage respective containers.
  • a construction arrangement comprising a building construction and a cooling arrangement as described above, provided within the building construction.
  • the building construction may comprise a wall and the cooling arrangement may be arranged adjacent to the wall.
  • the wall may comprise an inner wall skin and an outer wall skin defining a cavity therebetween, wherein the cooling arrangement is provided within the cavity.
  • the outer wall skin may comprise glazing and may constitute a face of a building, said face consisting substantially of said glazing.
  • the inner wall skin may be formed of structural members, e.g. bricks, and the cooling arrangement may be provided in the cavity adjacent to the inner wall skin.
  • the construction arrangement may be part of a tower on a building.
  • the construction arrangement may comprise a wind access assembly through which wind can pass.
  • the cooling arrangement may be arranged within the wind access assembly in the path of the wind passing into the construction arrangement.
  • the wind access assembly may comprise a louvre arrangement.
  • light transmitting means may be arranged within the construction arrangement.
  • the cooling arrangement may be arranged around the light transmitting means.
  • the light transmitting means may comprise a light pipe.
  • Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a container
  • Fig. 2 is a top plan view of the container shown in Fig. 1 ;
  • Fig. 3 is a view along the lines Ill-Ill in Fig. 2;
  • Fig. 4 is a perspective view of a further container
  • Fig. 5 is a top plan view of the container shown in Fig. 4;
  • Fig. 6 is a view along the lines VI-VI in Fig. 5;
  • Fig. 8 is a view along the lines VIII-VIII in Fig. 7;
  • Fig. 9 is a perspective view of a further container
  • Fig. 10 is a view of an array of the further containers shown in Fig. 9;
  • Fig. 11 is a view of another array of the further containers shown in Fig. 9;
  • Fig. 12 is a cross-sectional side view of another container
  • Fig. 13 is a view of adjacent regions of two of the containers shown in Fig. 12 secured to a wall;
  • Fig. 14 is a view of an array of the containers shown in Fig. 12; and Fig. 15 is a view along the lines XV-XV in Fig. 14.
  • a container 10 formed of a porous ceramic material.
  • the container 10 is generally hollow for holding water therein and comprises a main body 12 having two outwardly extending stabilising portions 14, 16 on the main body 12.
  • the main body 12 is of generally rectangular configuration having opposed first and second main faces 18, 20, side faces 22, 24, and upper and lower faces 26, 28.
  • Each of the stabilising portions 14, 16 extend outwardly from the main face
  • Recesses 30, 32 are defined in the upper face 26 in the region of the stabilising portions 14, 16.
  • the walls of the recesses 30, 32 extend to respective apertures 34, 36 which lead to the hollow inside of the container 10.
  • the walls of the recesses taper inwardly to the apertures 34, 36.
  • projections, 38, 40 On the lower face 28 of the container 10, there is provided projections, 38, 40, only the projection 38 is shown in Fig.3, the projection 40 being hidden behind the projection 38.
  • a further embodiment of a container designated 50 which comprises a main body 52 which is narrower than the main body 12 of the first container 10.
  • the further container 50 includes a single outwardly extending support portion 54.
  • the further container 50 comprises front and rear faces 58, 60 side faces 62, 64 and upper and lower faces 66, 68.
  • the outwardly extending support portion 54 extends from the front face 58 and is the height of the main body 52.
  • a recess 70 is defined in the upper face 66 and tapers inwardly to define an aperture 74, which leads to the hollow inside the further container 50.
  • the cooling arrangement 104 comprises an array 106 of the containers 10, 50 and liquid feed means 107 to feed water to the array 106 of containers 50, 10.
  • the containers, 50, 10 there is also a plurality of lower containers 108 which construct the bottom layer of the array 106.
  • the bottom containers 108 are similar to the first container 10, but are devoid of the projections 38, 40 so that they can rest in an elongate tray 110.
  • the containers 10 are stacked in an offset relationship one above the other such that the projections 38, 40 are received in recesses 30, 32 of the containers 10 therebelow.
  • the second containers 50 At the edges of the array 106, there are provided the second containers 50 such that at the edges of the array 106, the projections 78 of the second containers 50 are received in the recesses 30 or 32 of the first containers 10 and of the second containers 108, and the projection 38 or 40 of the first container 10 is received in the recess 70 of the second container 50.
  • a silicone seal may be used between the projections 38, 40, 78, and the recesses, 30, 32, 70. When cured, the silicon seal can act as an adhesive to secure the containers together in the array.
  • the feed means 107 also includes a main conduit 118 connected to a supply of water for example a mains supply of water or a header, as would be understood by those skilled in the art.
  • a main conduit 118 connected to a supply of water for example a mains supply of water or a header, as would be understood by those skilled in the art.
  • the container 150 shown in Fig. 9 is used to form the arrays 170, 171 as shown in Figs. 10 and 11. Referring to Fig. 10, the array 170 comprises three columns of containers 150.
  • the containers 150 are connected to the containers 150 directly above and below by connecting conduits 172, 174.
  • FIG. 11 there is shown another suspended array 171 of containers 150.
  • the embodiment shown in Fig. 11 is similar to the embodiment shown in Fig. 10, but differs in that there is only a single column of containers 150.
  • the arrays 170, 171 are suspended from a ceiling soffit 180 by a plurality of hooks 182 which are connected by a plurality of threaded eye members 184 to a planar member 186 by a nut provided on the threaded region of the eye members 184.
  • the planar member 186 is provided with a plurality of holes through which the conduits 174, 172 extend and suitable securing members 190 are provided at the upper end of the conduits 172, 174 to hold the conduit 172, 174 onto the planar member 186.
  • a drainage arrangement 192 is provided at the lower end of the array 170 and comprises a drainage manifold 194 to which the conduits 172, 174 are connected.
  • FIG. 12 there is shown a sectional side view of a further container 200 for use in providing an array 202 (see Fig. 14) of containers 200 in the form of cladding against a wall.
  • the containers 200 are generally rectangular in configuration but are provided with lower and upper mounting formations 203, 204 respectively to enable a plurality of containers 200 to be connected to a wall, as shown in Fig. 13.
  • the container 200 comprises a main body 206 which defines a pair of offset apertures 208, 210 through which water feed pipes 212 extend, to feed water thereto from feed conduits 214.
  • Fig. 13 there is shown the lower mounting formation 203 of one container 200 and the upper mounting formation 204 of an adjacent lower container 200.
  • the lower mounting formation 203 of the upper container 200 defines a first recess 216
  • the upper mounting formation 204 of the lower container 200 defines a second recess 218.
  • Securing means in the form a bracket 220 is secured to a wall skin 222 by suitable means known in the art, for example screws.
  • the bracket 220 comprises a first cantilever 224 having an upwardly extending member 226 received in the first recess 216.
  • the bracket 220 defines a securing recess 228 in which a second cantilever member 230 is mounted.
  • the second cantilever member 230 defines a cantilever portion 232 and a downwardly extending portion 234 received in the second recess 218 of the upper region 204 of the lower container 200. In this way, the containers 200 are secured to the wall 222. Referring to Figs. 14 and 15, there is shown an array 250 of the containers
  • a cooling arrangement 104 is arranged within the cavity 306 adjacent to the inner skin 304.
  • the cooling arrangement 104 is as described above, but the water supply means, drain means and the like are not shown for reasons of clarity. Vents 308 are provided to allow a flow of air through the cavity.
  • Fig 17 there is shown a modification to the embodiment shown in Fig 16 in which the outer skin 302 is replaced by glazing 310. This construction is known in the art as a double facade.
  • Fig 18 shows a further embodiment of a construction arrangement in the form of a wind access tower 312 defining a wind access aperture 314 at which a louvre arrangement 316 is provided. If desired the louvre arrangement may be operable and closable.
  • a wall 318 extends downwardly from the wind access aperture 314.
  • the wind access tower 312 is generally cylindrical and a cooling arrangement 104 is provided on the inner face of the cylindrical wall 318 and extends there around.
  • the containers may be of a conical or frustoconical configuration.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un agencement de refroidissement (104) comprenant une pluralité de récipients (10) formés d'une matière poreuse. Lesdits récipients (10) sont agencés en réseau (106). Chaque récipient est construit pour recevoir un liquide. Ce liquide peut s'évaporer à travers la matière vers des régions de refroidissement entourant ledit réseau (106). L'agencement de refroidissement comprend également un organe d'alimentation permettant de fournir le liquide audits récipients.
PCT/GB2004/004721 2003-11-06 2004-11-08 Agencement de refroidissement WO2005045332A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB0325891.0 2003-11-06
GBGB0325891.0A GB0325891D0 (en) 2003-11-06 2003-11-06 Cooling arrangement

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2005045332A1 true WO2005045332A1 (fr) 2005-05-19

Family

ID=29726029

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/GB2004/004721 WO2005045332A1 (fr) 2003-11-06 2004-11-08 Agencement de refroidissement

Country Status (2)

Country Link
GB (1) GB0325891D0 (fr)
WO (1) WO2005045332A1 (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ES2406704A1 (es) * 2013-02-15 2013-06-07 Francisco Javier TERRADOS CEPEDA Fachada cerámica para acondicionamiento pasivo de espacios interiores
ES2588856A1 (es) * 2015-05-04 2016-11-07 David PALOMAR AGUILAR Panel para enfriamiento evaporativo indirecto de fachadas
WO2022034570A1 (fr) * 2020-08-14 2022-02-17 Hurtado Ochoa Hector Eduardo Méthode pour configurer des murs de types jalousies, procédé de renforcement pour maçonnerie préfabriquée et système de construction de type

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE203813C (fr) *
FR2727453A1 (fr) * 1994-11-24 1996-05-31 Lapidis Decor Sa Utilisation d'un element de fixation d'un type particulier pour la realisation d'un revetement de paroi et ensemble de revetement pour une paroi
JPH08284285A (ja) * 1995-04-14 1996-10-29 Fujita Corp 冷暖房兼用トロンブウォール
JPH09279707A (ja) * 1996-04-15 1997-10-28 Inax Corp 冷却壁体
GB2352255A (en) * 1999-05-18 2001-01-24 Brian Johnson Cladding system for buildings
WO2001031272A2 (fr) * 1999-10-29 2001-05-03 Julio Gomez Portela Element de construction destine a la formation de sections refroidies par evaporation

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE203813C (fr) *
FR2727453A1 (fr) * 1994-11-24 1996-05-31 Lapidis Decor Sa Utilisation d'un element de fixation d'un type particulier pour la realisation d'un revetement de paroi et ensemble de revetement pour une paroi
JPH08284285A (ja) * 1995-04-14 1996-10-29 Fujita Corp 冷暖房兼用トロンブウォール
JPH09279707A (ja) * 1996-04-15 1997-10-28 Inax Corp 冷却壁体
GB2352255A (en) * 1999-05-18 2001-01-24 Brian Johnson Cladding system for buildings
WO2001031272A2 (fr) * 1999-10-29 2001-05-03 Julio Gomez Portela Element de construction destine a la formation de sections refroidies par evaporation

Non-Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 1997, no. 02 28 February 1997 (1997-02-28) *
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 1998, no. 02 30 January 1998 (1998-01-30) *

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ES2406704A1 (es) * 2013-02-15 2013-06-07 Francisco Javier TERRADOS CEPEDA Fachada cerámica para acondicionamiento pasivo de espacios interiores
ES2588856A1 (es) * 2015-05-04 2016-11-07 David PALOMAR AGUILAR Panel para enfriamiento evaporativo indirecto de fachadas
WO2022034570A1 (fr) * 2020-08-14 2022-02-17 Hurtado Ochoa Hector Eduardo Méthode pour configurer des murs de types jalousies, procédé de renforcement pour maçonnerie préfabriquée et système de construction de type

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Publication number Publication date
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