WO2005039078A1 - Procede de repartition dynamique de la largeur de bande dans un reseau optique passif - Google Patents

Procede de repartition dynamique de la largeur de bande dans un reseau optique passif Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2005039078A1
WO2005039078A1 PCT/CN2004/001195 CN2004001195W WO2005039078A1 WO 2005039078 A1 WO2005039078 A1 WO 2005039078A1 CN 2004001195 W CN2004001195 W CN 2004001195W WO 2005039078 A1 WO2005039078 A1 WO 2005039078A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
onu
service
authorization
port
information
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2004/001195
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Peilong Tan
Jun Zhao
Yu Liu
Jianming Hong
Original Assignee
Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. filed Critical Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.
Priority to CA2542163A priority Critical patent/CA2542163C/en
Priority to ES04789854T priority patent/ES2373442T3/es
Priority to AU2004307061A priority patent/AU2004307061B2/en
Priority to DK04789854.9T priority patent/DK1684447T3/da
Priority to PL04789854T priority patent/PL1684447T3/pl
Priority to AT04789854T priority patent/ATE528870T1/de
Priority to JP2006535931A priority patent/JP2007509545A/ja
Priority to BRPI0415843A priority patent/BRPI0415843B1/pt
Priority to US10/576,520 priority patent/US7720072B2/en
Priority to EP04789854A priority patent/EP1684447B1/en
Publication of WO2005039078A1 publication Critical patent/WO2005039078A1/zh

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Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04BTRANSMISSION
    • H04B10/00Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
    • H04B10/25Arrangements specific to fibre transmission
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04QSELECTING
    • H04Q11/00Selecting arrangements for multiplex systems
    • H04Q11/0001Selecting arrangements for multiplex systems using optical switching
    • H04Q11/0062Network aspects
    • H04Q11/0067Provisions for optical access or distribution networks, e.g. Gigabit Ethernet Passive Optical Network (GE-PON), ATM-based Passive Optical Network (A-PON), PON-Ring
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04BTRANSMISSION
    • H04B10/00Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
    • H04B10/27Arrangements for networking
    • H04B10/272Star-type networks or tree-type networks
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04BTRANSMISSION
    • H04B10/00Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
    • H04B10/27Arrangements for networking
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04JMULTIPLEX COMMUNICATION
    • H04J3/00Time-division multiplex systems
    • H04J3/16Time-division multiplex systems in which the time allocation to individual channels within a transmission cycle is variable, e.g. to accommodate varying complexity of signals, to vary number of channels transmitted
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04JMULTIPLEX COMMUNICATION
    • H04J3/00Time-division multiplex systems
    • H04J3/16Time-division multiplex systems in which the time allocation to individual channels within a transmission cycle is variable, e.g. to accommodate varying complexity of signals, to vary number of channels transmitted
    • H04J3/1694Allocation of channels in TDM/TDMA networks, e.g. distributed multiplexers
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04QSELECTING
    • H04Q11/00Selecting arrangements for multiplex systems
    • H04Q11/0001Selecting arrangements for multiplex systems using optical switching
    • H04Q11/0062Network aspects
    • H04Q11/0066Provisions for optical burst or packet networks
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04QSELECTING
    • H04Q11/00Selecting arrangements for multiplex systems
    • H04Q11/0001Selecting arrangements for multiplex systems using optical switching
    • H04Q11/0062Network aspects
    • H04Q2011/0064Arbitration, scheduling or medium access control aspects
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04QSELECTING
    • H04Q11/00Selecting arrangements for multiplex systems
    • H04Q11/0001Selecting arrangements for multiplex systems using optical switching
    • H04Q11/0062Network aspects
    • H04Q2011/0084Quality of service aspects

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to bandwidth allocation techniques for passive optical networks, and more particularly to dynamic bandwidth allocation methods for passive optical networks. Background of the invention
  • Passive Optical Network is an emerging broadband access fiber technology covering the last mile. It does not require node equipment at the optical branch point. It only needs to install a simple optical splitter. It saves the advantages of optical cable resources, bandwidth resource sharing, investment in computer room, high equipment security, fast network construction, and low cost of integrated network construction. It has been widely used in recent years and has become the main type of optical access network.
  • an optical line terminal (OLT, Optical Line Terminal) is a master node device, and an optical splitter and multiple optical network units (ONUs, The optical network unit is connected, and performs ONU registration, pending data authorization, and media access control sub-layer (MAC) message interaction; the ONU is a slave node device, and responds to the OLT to find a message and reports it to the device.
  • the length of the data is sent, and the data of each port is sent according to the authorization information, and multiple user terminals are connected to support multi-service access.
  • the optical access network how to allocate bandwidth reasonably, effectively utilize network resources and meet service requirements becomes an important part of the PON MAC solution.
  • Static Bandwidth Allocation SBA
  • Dynamic Bandwidth Allocation DBA
  • the bandwidth of each ONU or its port is fixedly allocated.
  • the gap can not be preempted, so the bandwidth utilization is relatively low, and the self-likelihood service with high burst rate is suitable.
  • the stress is not strong.
  • the dynamic bandwidth allocation algorithm is a mechanism or algorithm for performing fast bandwidth re-allocation based on the current user service requirements. According to the requirements of the ONU burst service, the PON bandwidth utilization is improved by dynamically adjusting the bandwidth between the ONUs.
  • IPACT Interleaved Polling with Adaptive Cycle Time
  • ITU-T International Telecommunication Union Standards Department
  • the main idea is to poll the next ONU before the sending data of the previous ONU arrives at the OLT to determine whether the authorization and authorization quotas and the like. And according to the estimated current data transmission end time, the data transmission start time of the next ONU is determined.
  • T-CONT Transmission Container
  • T-CONT5 transmission adaptation containers
  • the purpose is to reduce the number of transmission adaptation containers.
  • Each T-CONT has its own specific bandwidth allocation requirements. There are four types of bandwidth allocation requirements: fixed bandwidth, guaranteed bandwidth, non-guaranteed bandwidth, and best-effort bandwidth.
  • Three bandwidth allocation strategies such as non-state reporting (NSR, Non-Status-Reporting), status reporting (SR, Status-Reporting), and hybrid types, are formulated.
  • the polling period is adaptively changed according to the number of data, which results in unscheduled data transmission of the same service, and cannot meet the requirement of real-time service with uniform delay.
  • the Round-Robin-type fixed-sequence round-robin is adopted, which is specifically designed for a connection-oriented, protocol data unit (PDU) fixed-length APON application.
  • the bandwidth update mechanism is for T-CONT, and bandwidth allocation processing cannot be performed for different services according to different ports.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a dynamic bandwidth allocation method for a passive optical network, which enables the dynamic bandwidth allocation method to implement service transparency, adapt to different types of service requirements, allocate bandwidth to different service ports, and improve bandwidth utilization. Fair distribution of bandwidth.
  • the present invention provides a dynamic bandwidth allocation method for a passive optical network, where the passive optical network includes an OLT and a plurality of ONUs connected to the OLT, including: a) between the ONU and the OLT The services involved in the communication process are classified according to different transmission requirements, giving each type of service different priorities;
  • the method further includes an ONU information aging process:
  • step A Check the status of each ONU one by one, determine whether the current ONU status is invalid, and if yes, return to step A, continue to check the status of the next ONU, otherwise, proceed to step B;
  • step B Determine whether the current ONU reports the MPCP message in the bandwidth allocation polling period, and if so, clear the activation timeout counter corresponding to the current ONU, and proceeds to step C; otherwise, directly proceeds to step C;
  • step C Determine whether the current ONU activation timeout counter has exceeded the set offline threshold. If yes, set the current ONU status information to the invalid state in the ONU status information table, and release the resources related to the ONU. Step 0, otherwise, go to step D;
  • step D Determine whether there is any ONU that has not performed status check. If yes, return to step A to continue checking the status of the next O J; otherwise, end the O U information aging process of the bandwidth allocation polling cycle.
  • the method further includes: setting an ONU status information table, and generating status information of the corresponding ONU according to the MPCP message exchanged between the ONU and the OLT, and storing the status information in the ONU status information table, where the status information of each ONU is indexed by the ONUID;
  • the ONU activation timeout count table is set.
  • the table includes an activation timeout counter for counting the non-response time of each ONU, an indication flag indicating whether the corresponding ONU reports the MPCP message, an activation timeout counter and a report flag corresponding to each ONU. Indexed by ONUID;
  • the determining process in step A includes: reading the status information of the ONU one by one from the ONU status information table according to the ONUID index, and determining whether the current O U status information is invalid;
  • the determining process in step B includes: reading the corresponding entry of the current ONU in the activation timeout count table, determining whether the corresponding report item has a report flag, and if so, determining The current ONU reports the MPCP message in the bandwidth allocation period. Otherwise, it determines that the current ONU does not report the MPCP message in the bandwidth allocation period.
  • the step C and the step D further include: clearing the report flag of the current ONU in the ONU activation timeout count table;
  • the determining process in step D includes: determining whether all entries of the ONU state information table have been read, and if so, determining that there is no ONU that has not performed the state check; otherwise, determining that there is an ONIL that has not been checked for status.
  • the method further sets a vMAC authorization information table, configured to store authorization information of each service port of the ONU, and an authorization flag indicating whether the service port is authorized, and the authorization flag of the same service port corresponds to the authorization information, and is indexed by the ONUID;
  • Step b) the saving the authorization information includes: recording the authorization information of the service port in the vMAC authorization information table, and setting the authorization flag corresponding to the service port to be authorized;
  • the reading of the authorization information in the step c) includes: searching for an entry corresponding to the service port of the same ONU according to the ONUID index in the vMAC authorization information table, and searching for the authorized service port according to the authorization flag in the entry, and reading is authorized.
  • the step d) further includes: setting an authorization flag in the vMAC authorization information entry corresponding to the service port that has read the authorization information to indicate that the authorization is not authorized.
  • the method further includes: setting an ONU state information table, storing state information of each ONU, the ONU state information table entry being generated during the MPCP message interaction process, and indexed by the ONUID;
  • the step c) further includes: reading the status information of the ONU one by one according to the ONUID index in the ONU status information table, determining whether the current ONU status is invalid, and if yes, returning to read the status of the next ONU in the ONU status information table. Information, otherwise, go to step c) 0
  • the service is classified into high-to-low priority in the order of priority: fast forwarding service, automatic discovery of MPCP message service, non-automatic discovery of MPCP message service, MF service, reliable forwarding service, and best effort forwarding service.
  • the method for the service other than the automatic discovery of the MPCP message service, the step b) the service data transmission authorization process includes:
  • step bll5 Determine whether there is a port unauthorized. If yes, return to step bll). Otherwise, perform service data transmission authorization for the service port of the next priority service.
  • the method further includes:
  • the service activation port Bitmap table corresponding to each type of service is further configured for the port-based service, and the activation information indicating whether the service is activated in the corresponding port that is connected to the ONU is stored, and is indexed by the ONUID;
  • the vMAC report information table stores the report information of the port connected to the ONU and is indexed by the ONUID.
  • Step bl l includes: polling the service activated ONU Bitmap register and the service activation port Bitmap table corresponding to each type of service in priority order, and finding the activation information as the activated end The port is determined to be the current to-be-authorized port;
  • the step bl2) further includes: searching for the report information of the current to-be-authorized port in the vMAC report information table;
  • Step bl5 determining whether there is a port unauthorized by determining whether there is an unread entry in the service activated ONU Bitmap register and the service activation port Bitmap table, if yes, returning to step bll), otherwise, Query the service activation ONU Bitmap register and the service activation port Bitmap table corresponding to the next priority service.
  • the authorization information includes a data transmission length and a data transmission start time
  • the report information includes the reported data length to be sent
  • Determining, by the step d), the initiation time of the authorization data transmission comprises: determining a data transmission start time in the authorization information as an authorization data transmission start time;
  • the authorization information includes a downlink MPCP message type and a reserved domain, where the MPCP message type includes a Discovery GATE, a Normal GATE, a REGISTER&GATE, and the reported information includes an uplink MPCP message type field and a pre- Retained domain
  • the authorization information includes a reserved domain and a data transmission length, and the reported information includes the reported data length to be sent;
  • the authorization information includes an authorized deficit amount of the port and a data transmission length, and the reported information includes the reported data length to be sent;
  • the authorization information includes a data transmission length
  • the report information includes the reported data length to be sent.
  • the method further includes setting a bandwidth information table for the service port that needs to perform bandwidth control, and storing the transmission quantum in each bandwidth allocation polling period corresponding to the allocated bandwidth information.
  • the determining process further includes: The table queries the transmission quantum of the current service port, and sends the quantum according to the report information of the current service port to be authorized. And the remaining bandwidth resources in the current bandwidth allocation polling period, and determine whether the current bandwidth resource is allowed.
  • the method further sets an activation counter for automatically discovering an MPCP message service for automatically discovering an MPCP message service;
  • Step b) The service number sending authorization process includes:
  • the method is for automatically discovering an MPCP message service, where the authorization information includes a downlink MPCP message type and a reserved domain, where the MPCP message type includes Discovery GATE, Normal GATE, REGISTER&GATE
  • the method step d) further comprises: determining whether there is an ONU that has not performed port authorization, and if yes, returning to step c), otherwise, ending the process.
  • the downlink authorization message of the method is a GATE downlink MPCP message.
  • the reported information is carried by the REPORT message.
  • the bandwidth allocation polling period of the method is a virtual frame period.
  • the dynamic bandwidth allocation method of the passive optical network processes different services according to the priority level in the bandwidth allocation, and dynamically allocates bandwidth to adapt to different types of services.
  • the requirements are transparent to the service; when the authorization message is sent, the port of the same ONU is processed centrally, and the data transmission start time is authorized, so that the authorization window allocated by different service ports under the same ONU is in time. Neighbors, there is no need to add a guard band between them, which reduces the protection bandwidth when data is transmitted and improves the bandwidth utilization.
  • the present invention further adopts the ONU information aging mechanism to monitor the ONU status in real time, dynamically process the offline ONU, and release the occupied resources.
  • the technical solution adopted by the present invention has obvious beneficial effects, that is, the dynamic bandwidth allocation is transparent to the service, and can adapt to the TDM/EF, AF, DF, and MPCP messages that must be forwarded and CPU/OAM. Ensure the forwarding of various service requirements, improve bandwidth utilization, allocate bandwidth fairly, be robust, and have real-time performance. Use bandwidth resources more effectively and avoid waste of resources.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a passive optical network
  • FIG. 2 is a structural diagram of a service activated ONU Bitmap register and a corresponding service activation port Bitmap table according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a structural diagram of a vMAC report information table according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 4 is a flow chart of a method for authorizing various types of services according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 5 is a vMAC according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a structural diagram of an ONU state information table according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 7 is a flowchart of an authorization message generating method according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 8 is a flowchart according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 9 is a flowchart of the ONU information aging method according to an embodiment of the present invention. Mode for carrying out the invention
  • the dynamic bandwidth allocation method of the passive optical network proposed by the present invention includes processes such as service registration, bandwidth allocation, issuing an authorization message, and aging of ONU information.
  • bandwidth is allocated the service types of different service ports in the same ONU are processed separately, and the corresponding window length is granted.
  • the ports of the same ONU' are processed in a centralized manner, and the data transmission start time is allocated, so that the same
  • the authorization windows allocated by different service ports under the ONU are adjacent in time and time, and no protection band is needed between them, thereby improving bandwidth utilization.
  • the present invention also monitors the ONU status in real time, and dynamically releases the resources of the offline ONU.
  • the service port is a port that carries a certain service. It is a logical concept and does not completely correspond to the physical port of the ONU. For example, if a physical port simultaneously carries multiple services, the A physical port is divided into multiple service ports.
  • services are classified into the following categories according to their priority:
  • EF services such as: Time Division Multiplex (TDM), Accelerated Forwarding (EF), etc.
  • TDM Time Division Multiplex
  • EF Accelerated Forwarding
  • This type of service requires even-delay real-time forwarding, and the bandwidth is essentially unlimited, so the priority is highest.
  • MPCP Multi-Point Control Protocol
  • MPCP message is used for normal MPCP communication of the system. It is divided into automatic discovery MPCP message and non-automatic discovery MPCP message. The relevant parameters of MPCP message are fixed.
  • the invention will also determine whether the ONU is online according to the ONCP timely MPCP message. Ensure (MF, Must Forwarding) services, such as: Central Processing Unit (CPU, Central Process Unit) messages, OAM messages. Such services need to ensure that the message is correctly transmitted, used for OAM&P (Operation Administration, Maintenance and Provisioning) and communication between the OLT and the ONU, so the priority is also high.
  • MF Must Forwarding
  • Reliable forwarding services such as Assured Forwarding (AF)
  • AF Assured Forwarding
  • DF Default Forwarding
  • the present invention adopts a centralized control method for reporting information, and the OLT manages the state of each ONU.
  • the message interaction of the ONU's automatic discovery and registration process uses the International Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 802.3ah standard message interaction process.
  • service activation ONU bit map (bitmap) registers of various services are set to store ONUs of various services.
  • Activation information such as MPCP activation ONU Bitmap register (IMAB, Ingress MPCP Active Bitmap), MF service activation ONU Bitmap register (IMFAB, Ingress Must Forwarding Active Bitmap), EF service activation ONU Bitmap memory (IEFAB, Ingress Expedited Forwarding Active Bitmap ), the AF service activates the ONU Bitmap register (IAFAB, Ingress Assured Forwarding Active Bitmap), and the DF service activates the ONU Bitmap register (IDFAB, Ingress Default Forwarding Active Bitmap).
  • the services of the port are EF, AF, DF, etc. These services also need to set the service activation port bitmap (Bitmap) table to save the activation information of these services on the port, such as: EF service activation Bitmap table (IEFABT, Ingress Expedited Forwarding Active Bitmap Table ), AF Service Activate the Ingress Assured Forwarding Active Bitmap Table (IDFABT, Ingress Default Forwarding Active Bitmap Table).
  • IEFABT EF service activation Bitmap table
  • IDF Ingress Default Forwarding Active Bitmap Table
  • the left side of the figure is the service activated ONU Bitmap register, which contains the corresponding bits (bits) of the N ONUs, which are used to indicate whether such services of the ONU are activated, such as 1 for activation and 0 for no.
  • the service activation port Bitmap table on the right side of the figure contains the corresponding entries of the N ONUs. The content of each entry stores the service of each port of the corresponding ONU. Information, such as: if each port corresponds to a bit; 1 means active, 0 means inactive; and the system stores these tables in memory and can be based on the corresponding Optical Network Unit Identifier (ONUID) Indexes the corresponding ONU entries to facilitate reading and writing port service activation information.
  • ONUID Optical Network Unit Identifier
  • the Logical Link Identifier (LLID) assigned to the ONU is in the form of ⁇ ONUID, port activation Bitmap ⁇ , which facilitates the use of the ONUID and each port offset ( Offset) performs various service activation information and bandwidth allocation information retrieval, and facilitates the development of multicast services.
  • the ONU's MPCP port is activated, and the activation information is added to the IMAB.
  • the MF port is activated, and the activation information is added to the IMFAB.
  • Each of the ONUs has a CPU and an OAM service by default.
  • the network management performs bandwidth information transmission through interaction with the CPU of the OLT.
  • the bandwidth information includes activation information of the EF service port, and activation information of the AF and DF service ports and the bandwidth of the port.
  • the bandwidth of each virtual frame period of the EF service is fixed, so the bandwidth information does not need to include the bandwidth of the port.
  • Activation information for EF, AF, and DF service ports is added to IEFAB, IAFAB, IDFAB, and IEFABT, respectively.
  • the corresponding bits of IEFAB, IAFAB, and IDFAB respectively reflect whether the ONU has EF, DF, and AF service activation information
  • the corresponding entries of IEFABT, IAFABT, and IDFABT identify which ports of the ONU. The EF, DF, and AF services are activated.
  • a register with fixed bandwidth information can be set to store a fixed bandwidth; or a default bandwidth is pre-defined, and the message interaction is known. After the port type, the default bandwidth can be used to send data.
  • the assigned bandwidth can be saved in the form of Transmit Quantum.
  • the transmission quantum refers to the amount of data allowed to be transmitted in each fixed polling period of bandwidth allocation, and the transmission quantum can be obtained by multiplication by using the allocated bandwidth and the polling period, and the unit thereof can be a byte (Byte).
  • the virtual frame period of the EF service is used as the polling period of the bandwidth allocation operation.
  • the system can perform entry retrieval based on the ONUID and each port Offset, and read the contents of the corresponding entry to obtain the bandwidth information of the provision from the BIT table.
  • the OLT can dynamically modify the service activation ONU Bitmap register related bits, activate the port Bitmap table related entries, and the contents of the bandwidth information table related entries, thereby implementing dynamic insertion deletion and bandwidth information of the ONU service port. Reconfiguration.
  • each message contains eight queue data length report items.
  • the correspondence between each queue and the ONU port is preset, so that the OLT can distinguish which port the reporting length comes from.
  • the valid flags of each queue are set, for example: the bits corresponding to 8 bits respectively identify whether 8 queues are valid or active, 0 bits Corresponding to queue 0, 1 bit corresponds to queue 1, and so on. When the value of this bit is 0, it indicates that the corresponding queue is not activated. When it is 1, it indicates that the corresponding queue is active or valid.
  • the ONU port is greater than eight, it is characterized by multiple REPORT messages, and a sequence number is attached to the message to identify the continuity of multiple REPORTs in a cycle, so that the OLT can determine each report item from multiple received messages. From which port.
  • the OLT stores the reported data length information in a vMAC reporting information table (RIT, Report Information Table) classified by virtual MAC (vMAC, Virtual MAC).
  • vMAC Report Information Table
  • vMAC virtual MAC
  • FIG. 3 the structure of the table is shown on the left side of the figure:
  • Each entry corresponds to the reporting information of each ONU port, and the system is indexed by the ONUID.
  • the entry contains the report flag (Reported Flag) and the length of the pending data.
  • “Upper ID” indicates whether the vMAC reports the data to be sent in the current virtual frame period, the unit of the “reported data length to be sent” and the unit of the quantum in the bandwidth information table (Byte or Word, etc.)
  • the entry contains the report identifier (Reported Flag), the uplink MPCP message type field (Type), and the reserved field (Reserved).
  • "domain” indicates the type of the upstream MPCP message, such as: "REGISTER-REQ"
  • the bandwidth allocation that is, the service data transmission authorization
  • the bandwidth allocation is a process in which the OLT polls the authorization according to the service priority, such as the service ONU port activation information, the bandwidth allocation information, and the report information.
  • the virtual frame period is set as the period of its polling authorization, and the bandwidth allocation operations of other services are also performed in the virtual frame period in the order of priority. That is, the bandwidth allocation operation of the EF is performed at the beginning of the virtual frame period, and the bandwidth allocation operations of the MPCP, MF, AF, and DF services are sequentially performed for the remaining time.
  • the EF service the automatic discovery MPCP message service, the non-automatic discovery MPCP message service, the MF service, the AF service, and the DF service are sequentially polled and authorized.
  • the present embodiment sets a vMAC Grant Information Table (GIT) for storing authorization information generated by the service transmission authorization.
  • GIT vMAC Grant Information Table
  • the OLT reads the data in the authorization information table, generates an authorization message, and sends it to the corresponding ONU to complete the bandwidth dynamic allocation process.
  • FIG. 4 shows the authorization process of various types of services in this embodiment.
  • Step 401 The OLT determines the current authorized port according to the uplink service activation information, or initiates an automatic discovery of the MPCP message according to the startup counter.
  • the current authorized port can be obtained by polling the service activation ONU Bitmap register and the service activation port Bitmap table. Specifically: Polling the services of each service activates the ONU Bitmap register in order of priority from high to low.
  • the ONU that is activated by the service is found by polling the activation information in the corresponding entry, and the port of the ONU is used as the current to-be-authorized port; , AF, DF, first poll the active ONU Bitmap register of the service to find the ONU activated by the service, and then find the active port Bitmap table of the service according to the found ONUID of the ONU, further determine the ONU Which port activates this type of service.
  • the cycle start automatically discovers the MPCP process without occupying excessive bandwidth.
  • Step 402 Find the information about the current to-be-authorized port in the RIT table, determine whether the current bandwidth resource is allowed to be authorized, and if so, authorize, record the authorization information or the downlink MPCP type in the GIT, otherwise, go to step 404.
  • the determination of whether the bandwidth resource is allowed, for the EF, MF, and MPCP services, is based on the port assignment bandwidth, that is, the amount of data allowed to be transmitted in a virtual frame period (for EF, MF services) or fixed data of MPCP.
  • the quantity (for the MPCP service) and the remaining bandwidth in the current virtual frame period are judged. When the current one is larger than the latter, the bandwidth resource allows, and the authorization can be performed.
  • the bandwidth resource is allowed to be allowed.
  • the amount of the transmitted data of the assignment may be replaced by a transmission quantum that is queried in the BIT table by using an index of the ONUID and the Offset.
  • the bandwidth resource is allowed to be judged only when the port has pending data reporting and the remaining transmittable data amount is not less than the largest of the reported data volume and the bandwidth assignment data volume.
  • the amount of the transmitted data of the assignment may be replaced by the transmitted quantum that is queried in the BIT table by using the indexes of the ONU1D and the Offset.
  • the current port is authorized, and the authorization information is recorded in the GIT.
  • the protection band that needs to be added according to the predetermined data arrival timestamp and the previous port in the virtual frame period is determined, and the data transmission start time (Start Time) and the data transmission length (Length) are determined. And recorded in the corresponding entry of the corresponding port of the GIT of this type of service.
  • the predetermined data arrival timestamp refers to a time identifier of data arrival in a predetermined next uplink virtual frame period, and the reference standard of the time identifier is a free oscillation clock at 0LT.
  • the downlink MPCP message type is determined according to the RIT uplink message type of the current MPCP port; for the automatic discovery of the MPCP message service, the downlink message type is a fixed type. Then, the MPCP type and the authorization flag are written in the GIT entry corresponding to the MPCP port. For the automatic discovery of the MPCP message service, the authorization flag can be written only to the GIT entry corresponding to the MPCP port.
  • the data is granted according to the data length information reported in the port RIT, that is, the window corresponding to the length is granted, and the authorized window is written into the corresponding GIT entry.
  • the window corresponding to the length is authorized, and the new authorized deficit is calculated, and the authorized window and the authorized deficit are written into the corresponding GIT. In the table entry.
  • Step 403 Update remaining bandwidth in the current virtual frame period and information related to the current to-be-authorized port.
  • the method includes: updating a remaining bandwidth in a current virtual frame period; updating a current scheduled data arrival timestamp in the EF service and a remaining bandwidth in the virtual frame period; clearing an automatic discovery MPCP startup counter, and directly returning the MPCP for this purpose Step 401; Clear the report flag in the RIT table corresponding to MPCP, MF, AF, and DF. The flag of the RIT table is cleared to avoid duplicate authorization in the next virtual frame period.
  • the authorization scheduling method of the AF service uses a leaky bucket type algorithm.
  • the authorization scheduling of the AF service may also employ a weighted round robin algorithm without affecting the spirit and scope of the present invention.
  • Step 404 Determine whether there is a port unauthorized. If yes, return to step 401; otherwise, end the port authorization of the priority service and enter the port authorization process of the next priority service.
  • the determining process for the MF and the non-automatic discovery of the MPCP specifically determines whether the currently polled service activates the ONU Bitmap register to have an unread entry. If yes, the port of the ONU is not authorized; otherwise, Explain that the authorization for this type of business has been completed. Correct For services in the port area, such as EF, AF, and DF, first determine whether the currently polled service activation port Bitmap table has an unread entry. If yes, continue to query the next entry of the table. entry, otherwise, continue to determine the current entry service activation ONU Bitmap register if there has not been read, and if so, then there is ONU port is not authorized; No shellfish 1 J, explained authorize such operations have been completed .
  • step 404 For the automatic discovery of the MPCP, since the virtual frame period is only one authorization at a time, the judgment process of step 404 is not performed, and the authorization of the next priority service port is directly entered.
  • Figure 5 shows the data structure of the vMAC grant information table GIT, each entry corresponding to the authorization information of each ONU port, and the system is indexed by the ONUID.
  • the entry contains the Granted Flag, the start time of the data transmission, and the length of the data transmission.
  • the authorization flag indicates whether the service port is authorized.
  • the data transmission start time is the time when the port is authorized to start sending.
  • the data transmission length is the length of the authorization window, which refers to the length that the port is granted to send data.
  • the entry contains the Granted Flag, the Reserved field, the Length of the data, and the reserved field, which is not yet defined, and can be reserved for future use.
  • the entry contains the Granted Flag, the Downstream MPCP Message Type (Type), and the Reserved Domain (Reserved).
  • the downlink MPCP message type includes "Discovery GATE”, “Normal GATE”, “REGISTER&GATE”, where the downlink MPCP of type "GATE” is used exclusively for carrying authorization messages.
  • the entry contains the Granted Flag, Deficit Cnt, and Length.
  • the deficit counter is used to record the authorized deficit of the port, and the authorized deficit reflects the service port in the previous
  • the accumulated authorization bandwidth in the service period is more than the reported bandwidth.
  • the system balances the QoS guarantee of the AF and DF services by authorizing the deficit. For the DF service, since the authorized deficit is not considered, the value of the counter can be owed. Set to zero.
  • the authorization phase of the service port of the ONU only the transmission start time of the EF service authorization data is used; in other services, the registration window of the MPCP is automatically found to be determined for the number of ONUs and the PON system determined by the longest extension distance; Since the MPCP message length is fixed, the MPCP message length is also fixed, and their authorization length is no longer written in the authorization information table; the authorization length of the AF and DF service ports is not fixed to be written in the authorization information table.
  • the present invention also sets an ONU Status Information Table (SIT) for characterizing the status information of the ONU.
  • SIT ONU Status Information Table
  • Figure 6 shows the data structure of the status information table.
  • Each ONU corresponds to an entry. The system is indexed by the ONUID, and the entry contains ONU status information (ONU Status).
  • the ONU status information is represented by 2 bits, which are invalid (Invalid Entry), Registered ONU, and Registered ONU.
  • the invalidation indicates that the ONUID is not assigned to any ONU; the registration indicates that the ONU has completed the registration process, and the service data can be forwarded normally; the registration indicates that the ONU is in the registration process, and the specific current interaction of the ONU is in the registered state.
  • the message can be learned by reporting the information table RIT entry and the authorization information table GIT entry on the MPCP port of the ONU.
  • the ONU status information table entry is generated according to the interacting MPCP message during the MPCP message interaction process.
  • the current state of the ONU depends on the MPCP message exchanged between the OLT and the ONU in the previous state and the previous state, for example: when in the ONU In the invalid state, if the ONU receives the automatic registration MPCP message (Discovery GATE) of the OLT and issues a registration request (REGISTER_REQ) MPCP message, the ONU state is changed to the registration. When the ONU is in the registered state, if it receives REGISTER_ACK, it will be converted to the registered state.
  • the OLT After completing the service transmission authorization operation, the OLT will generate an authorization message in the virtual frame period and send an authorization message to the corresponding ONU at a certain time.
  • the principle of authorization message generation is as follows: In order to generate as few authorization messages as possible for each ONU's port service, it is also to insert less ONU protection bands and synchronization time periods in the upstream data stream, except for EF, other port services.
  • the authorization transmission window is immediately adjacent to each other, so the authorization data transmission start time of the ports other than the EF is determined in the authorization message generation phase and written in the authorization message. This is because the EF service requires low latency and low latency jitter.
  • the strategy adopted for these ports is to send the timing as much as possible.
  • the EF service port determines the authorized transmission start time and the authorized transmission length in the authorization information generation phase.
  • the authorized transmission length is determined in the authorization information generation phase, and the authorization transmission start time is determined in the authorization message generation phase. The purpose of this is to make the ports of the same ONU as close as possible to the authorized transmission window time, thereby reducing the insertion of the guard band and improving the bandwidth utilization.
  • FIG. 7 shows a flow of an authorization message generating method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the ONU status information table entry is read one by one according to the ONUID index.
  • the system performs authorization message generation in the ONU unit, so that the authorization message is carried in the downlink MPCP message of the type "GATE", and can handle the unified authorization of the service port of the same ONU.
  • step 702 it is determined whether the current ONU is invalid, that is, whether the ONU status information of the ONU status corresponding to the current ONUID is 00. If yes, the authorization is not performed, and the status information table is further read, and the process proceeds to step 701; otherwise, If the ONU status information of the current ONUID is ON or 10, the process proceeds to step 703.
  • Step 703 Read the GIT table corresponding to each port of the current ONU, generate authorization information, and determine a data sending start time.
  • the process includes: searching for an entry corresponding to the port of the same ONU according to the ONUID index in the GIT table, and searching for the authorized port according to the authorization flag, and obtaining the authorization status of the service port. If the service port is authorized, the slave correspondence table is obtained. In the item, the relevant information such as the length of the authorization data is taken out, and the data transmission start time is determined.
  • the corresponding data entry of the GIT table is obtained, and the authorized data length and the sending start time are obtained and written into the GATE downlink MPCP message.
  • the MPCP message type is obtained by querying the GIT table.
  • the authorization data length is fixed, it is only necessary to send the timestamp of the authorized scheduled data inherited according to the service data transmission authorization phase, and determine the authorization data transmission of each service port. Start time.
  • the authorized data transmission length is obtained by querying the GIT table, and the authorized scheduled data transmission timestamp inherited by the service data transmission authorization phase is used to determine the authorization data transmission of each service port. Start time.
  • Step 704 Generate an authorization message according to the authorization information and the authorization data sending start time, and send the authorization message.
  • the system carries the authorization information and the authorization data transmission start time of each authorized port of the current ONU through the GATE downlink MPCP message.
  • the type of the MPCP message sent by the downlink OLT to the ONT is determined according to the type of the authorized MPCP message. If the MPCP message of the GATE type is included, the authorization information and the authorization data transmission start time determined in step 703 are written into the GATE downlink MPCP. Sent in the message.
  • a G ⁇ TE downlink MPCP message can carry the authorization information of four ports and the start time of the authorization data transmission. Therefore, if the current ONU needs to authorize more than four ports, two or more GATE downlink MPCPs are generated. Message, to carry all; ⁇ authorized port authorization information and authorization data transmission start time.
  • Step 705 Set an authorization flag indication in the GIT entry corresponding to the current authorized port. Authorized to avoid repeated delivery of authorization messages.
  • Step 706 Determine whether all state information table entries have been read. If yes, it indicates that all ONU authorization messages have been generated, and the authorization message generation process of the virtual frame period is ended; otherwise, return to step 701 to continue to read the status information. table.
  • the present invention provides a method for processing an offline ONU or a fault ONU, that is, an ONU information aging process.
  • the system sets the ONU activation timeout count table to count the non-response time of each ONU. If the count value exceeds the specified offline threshold, it determines that the ONU is invalid and releases the resources of the invalid ONU.
  • FIG 8 shows the data structure of the ONU activation timeout count table.
  • Each ONU corresponds to an entry.
  • the system is indexed by the ONUID.
  • the entry contains the report flag (Reported) and the activation timeout counter (ATC, Active Timeout Count).
  • FIG. 9 shows a flow of an ONU information aging method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the system reads an ONU status information table entry one by one according to an ONUID index.
  • Step 902 Determine whether the current ONU is invalid. If yes, return to step 901, do not process the invalid ONU, and continue reading downward; otherwise, proceed to step 903.
  • Step 903 Read an activation timeout count table entry corresponding to the ONU, and proceed to step 904.
  • Step 904 The system determines, according to the report flag in the current read entry, whether the ONU reports the MPCP message in the virtual frame period, and if yes, clears the activation timeout counter in the current entry; otherwise, the activation timeout The counter performs a counting operation. Also, regardless of the result of the judgment, the operation of clearing the report flag (Reported) is performed.
  • Step 905 Determine whether the activation timeout counter count value exceeds an offline threshold. If yes, it indicates that the ONU is offline, and proceeds to step 906; otherwise, indicates that the ONU is online, and proceeds to step 907.
  • Step 906 setting an ONU status information table entry corresponding to the ONU to an invalid state, and The related resources of the ONU are released, and the process proceeds to step 907.
  • the system does not set the corresponding entry in the status information table, indicating that the ONU does not exist.
  • the released ONU related resource includes: a service activation Bitmap register IMPAB, IMFAB, IEFAB, IAFAB, IDFAB corresponding bit, a service activation Bitmap table IEFAT, IAFAT, IDFAT corresponding entry, a corresponding entry of the bandwidth information table, And the ONUID originally assigned to the ONU.
  • Step 907 Determine whether all entries of the ONU state information table have been read, and if yes, end the ONU information aging process of the virtual frame period; otherwise, return to step 901 to continue reading the state information table.
  • the aging process may be performed repeatedly.
  • the aging process of the entire ONU information entry may be initiated by an event, and the aging process traverses all the entries to perform aging processing on all the entries, and all the entries are traversed. When it is finished, it ends, waiting for the next event to start the process again.
  • the present invention is applicable to a master-slave system in which an OLT controls an ONU to access.
  • the OLT controls the forwarding of all uplink service data of the ONU to include MPCP or other MAC messages.
  • the data is transmitted and received at the ONU.
  • the transmission scheduling may also be based on priority, and the downlink scheduling and forwarding are performed in the priority order of EF, MPCP, CPU/OAM, AF, and DF.

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Description

无源光网络的动态带宽分配方法
技术领域
本发明涉及无源光网络的带宽分配技术, 特别涉及无源光网络的动 态带宽分配方法。 发明背景
无源光网络(PON, Passive Optical Network )作为新兴的覆盖最后 一公里的宽带接入光纤技术, 其在光分支点不需要节点设备, 只需安装 一个简单的光分路器即可, 因此具有节省光缆资源、 带宽资源共享、 节 省机房投资、 设备安全性高、 建网速度快、 综合建网成本低等优点。 近 年来得到了广泛的应用, 成为光接入网的主要类型。
PON—般是点到多点的主从控制结构, 如图 1所示, 光纤线路终端 ( OLT, Optical Line Terminal ) 为主结点设备, 通过光分路器与多个光 纤网络单元(ONU, Optical Network Unit )相连, 并进行 ONU注册、 待发数据授权、 媒体接入控制子层 (MAC, Media Access Control sub layer ) 消息交互等处理; ONU为从结点设备, 响应 OLT发现消息, 上 报待发数据长度, 根据授权信息进行各端口数据的发送, 并且下挂多个 用户终端, 支持多业务接入。 在光接入网的此种框架结构下, 如何合理 分配带宽、 有效利用网络资源并满足业务需求, 成为 PON MAC方案中 很重要的内容。
光接入网中, 带宽分配有两种方式: 静态带宽分配 (SBA, Static Bandwidth Allocation ) 和动态带宽分配 (DBA , Dynamic Bandwidth Allocation )=静态带宽分配固定分配各 ONU或其端口的带宽, 未用时隙 不能被抢占, 因此带宽利用率比较低, 并且对高突发率的自似然业务适 应力不强。 动态带宽分配算法是一种基于当前用户业务需求进行快速带 宽重分配的机制或算法,根据 ONU突发业务的要求,通过在 ONU之间 动态调节带宽来提高 PON带宽利用率。
目前有多种动态带宽分配方法,比如:周期自适应交叉轮循(IPACT, Interleaved Polling with Adaptive Cycle Time ) PON动态带宽分配方法; 以及国际电信联盟标准部( ITU-T, International Telecommunication Union 针对 APON的 DBA协议等。
对于所述技术方案一的 IPACT方法, 其主要思路是在前一 ONU的 发送数据到达 OLT之前就轮循下一 ONU, 以确定是否授权及授权额度 等信息。 并根据推算的当前数据发送结束时间, 确定下一 ONU的数据 发送起始时间。
对于技术方案二, 在 ITU-T G.983.4标准提出的 DBA协议中, 把来 自 ONU的业务分成几种类型的传输适配容器 (T-CONT, Transmission Container )0 按照处理业务的优先级由高到低分为 4 类适配器, 分别为 T-CONTK T-CONT2、 T-CONT3和 T-CONT4, 而 T-CONT5可以对所有 的业务适配, 其目的是为了减少传输适配容器的数量。 每种 T-CONT有 其特定的带宽分配要求, 带宽分配要求有四种类型: 固定带宽、 保证带 宽、 非保证带宽和尽力传输带宽。 并制定有非状态上报 (NSR , Non-Status-Reporting ), 状态上报(SR, Status-Reporting )和混合类型等 三种带宽分配策略。
上面所述技术方案一中轮询周期是随着数椐量自适应变化的, 从而 导致同一业务的数据发送不定时, 不能满足时延均匀的实时性业务的需 求。 技术方案二中采取 Round-Robin式固定顺序轮循, 是专门针对面向 连接的、 协议数据单元(PDU, Protocol Data Unit )定长的 APON应用, 而带宽更新机制针对的是 T-CONT, 不能按照不同端口, 针对不同业务 进行带宽分配处理。
由于上述两个方案均没有考虑不同业务的不同分配策略, 在实际应 用中, 只能应用在单一业务的系统, 比如: 只提供上网业务或只提供语 音业务的系统中,而无法满足多种业务类型的服务质量(QoS, Quality of Service ) 需求, 无法按照用户业务端口进行带宽分配。 并且, 由于带宽 分配时, 基本是按照各端口上报的顺序来下发窗口分配的授权消息, 没 有考虑到不同 ONU端口的时延要求, 同时带宽利用率也较低。 另外对 于发生 ONU离线的情况, 也无法动态处理。 发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题是提供一种无源光网络的动态带宽分配方 法, 使得动态带宽分配方法实现业务透明, 适应不同类型业务需求, 对 不同业务端口进行带宽分配, 提高带宽利用率, 实现带宽公平分配。 为了解决上述技术问题, 本发明提供了一种无源光网络的动态带宽分配 方法, 所述无源光网络中包括 OLT和多个与 OLT相连的 ONU, 包括: a )将 ONU与 OLT之间通讯过程涉及的业务按照不同的发送需求 进行分类, 赋予每类业务不同的优先级;
b )按照优先级从高到低的顺序对同一类业务的业务端口进行业务 数椐发送授权, 并保存授权信息;
c )读取所保存的同一 ONU中每个待授权端口的授权信息;
d )确定授权数据发送起始时间, 生成包含有当前 ONU每个授权端 口授权信息和授权数据发送起始时间的下行授权消息, 发送至当前 该方法进一步为每个 ONU设置用于对 ONU的不响应时间计数的激 活超时计数器;
该方法进一步包括 ONU信息老化流程:
A.逐个检查每个 ONU的状态,判断当前 ONU的状态是否为无效, 如果是,返回步驟 A,继续检查下一个 ONU的状态,否则,进入步骤 B;
B. 判断当前 ONU在本带宽分配轮询周期内是否上报了 MPCP消 息, 如果是, 则对当前 ONU对应的激活超时计数器进行清零, 进入步 骤 C; 否则, 直接进入步骤 C;
C.判断当前 ONU的激活超时计数器的计数值是否超过设定的离线 阔值, 如果是, 在 ONU状态信息表中设置当前 ONU的状态信息为无效 状态, 译放与该 ONU相关的资源, 进入步骤0, 否则, 进入步骤 D; .
D. 判断是否还有未进行状态检查的 ONU, 如果是, 则返回步骤 A, 继续检查下一个 O J的状态; 否则, 结束本带宽分配轮询周期的 O U 信息老化流程。
该方法进一步包括: 设置 ONU状态信息表, 根据 ONU与 OLT之 间交互的 MPCP消息生成对应 ONU的状态信息, 存储在 ONU状态信 息表中, 每个 ONU的状态信息由 ONUID索引;
设置 ONU激活超时计数表,表中包括有用于对每个 ONU的不响应 时间计数的激活超时计数器、 指示对应的 ONU是否上报了 MPCP消息 的上报标志,每个 ONU对应的激活超时计数器和上报标志由 ONUID索 引;
步驟 A所述判断过程包括: 根据 ONUID索引, 从 ONU状态信息 表中逐个读取 ONU的状态信息,判断当前 O U的状态信息是否表示为 无效;
步骤 B所述判断过程包括: 在激活超时计数表中读取当前 ONU的 对应表项, 判断该是否对应表项中是否存在上报标志, 如果是, 则判定 当前 ONU在本带宽分配周期内上报了 MPCP消息,否则,判定当前 ONU 在本带宽分配周期内未上报 MPCP消息;
所述步骤 C与步骤 D之间进一步包括: 清除 ONU激活超时计数表 中当前 ONU的上报标志;
步骤 D所述判断过程包括: 判断是否读完 ONU状态信息表的所有 表项, 如果是, 则判定已无未进行状态检查的 ONU, 否则, 判定还有未 进行状态检查的 ONIL
该方法进一步设置 vMAC授权信息表, 用于存储 ONU每个业务端 口的授权信息, 以及指示业务端口是否被授权的授权标志, 同一业务端 口的授权标志与授权信息——对应 , 并由 ONUID索引;
步骤 b ) 所述保存授权信息包括: 将业务端口的授权信息记录在 vMAC授权信息表中, 并设置该业务端口对应的授权标志指示为已被授 权;
步骤 c )所述读取授权信息包括:在 vMAC授权信息表中根据 ONUID 索引查找属于同一 ONU的业务端口对应的表项, 根据表项中的授权标 志查找被授权的业务端口, 读取被授权业务端口的授权信息;
所述步骤 d )后进一步包括: 将已读取授权信息的业务端口对应的 vMAC授权信息表项中的授权标志设置为指示未被授权。
该方法进一步包括: 设置 ONU状态信息表,存储每个 ONU的状态 信息, ONU状态信息表表项是在 MPCP消息交互过程中生成的, 并由 ONUID索引;
步骤 c )前进一步包括: 在 ONU状态信息表中根据 ONUID索引逐 个读取 ONU的状态信息, 判断当前 ONU状态是否为无效, 如果是, 则 返回在 ONU状态信息表中读取下一个 ONU的状态信息, 否则, 进入步 骤 c )0 该方法所述业务分类为按优先级由高到低的顺序将业务分成: 快速 转发业务、 自动发现 MPCP消息业务、 非自动发现 MPCP消息业务、 MF业务、 可靠转发业务和尽力转发业务。
该方法对于除所述自动发现 MPCP消息业务以外的业务, 步驟 b ) 所述业务数据发送授权过程包括:
M l )根据业务激活信息确定当前待授权端口;
bl2 )根据当前待授权业务端口的上报信息或根据非自动发现 MPCP 消息业务的固定数据量, 以及当前带宽分配轮询周期内剩余带宽资源, 判断当前带宽资源是否允许, 如果是, 则进入步骤 bl3 ), 否则, 进入步 骤 bl5 );
b 13 )对当前待授权端口进行业务数据发送授权, 保存授权信息; b 14 )更新当前带宽分配轮询周期内剩余带宽,及与当前待授权端口 相关的信息;
bl5 )判断是否有端口未授权, 如果是, 返回步骤 bll ), 否则, 对 下一优先级业务的业务端口进行业务数据发送授权。
该方法进一步包括:
分别为每类业务设置业务激活 ONU Bitmap寄存器, 存储用于指示 每个 ONU中此类业务是否被激活的激活信息;
其中, 对于以端口为单位的业务进一步设置与每类业务对应的业务 激活端口 Bitmap表, 存储指示在 ONU下挂的对应端口中此类业务是否 被激活的激活信息, 并由 ONUID索引;
vMAC上报信息表, 存储 ONU下挂端口的上报信息, 并由 ONUID 索引;
步骤 bl l ) 包括: 按优先级顺序轮询每类业务对应的业务激活 ONU Bitmap寄存器和业务激活端口 Bitmap表, 找出激活信息为已激活的端 口确定为当前待授权端口;
步驟 bl2 ) 前进一步包括: 在 vMAC上报信息表中查找当前待授权 端口的上报信息;
步骤 bl5 )通过判断当前查询到的业务激活 ONU Bitmap寄存器和 业务激活端口 Bitmap表中是否还有未被读取的表项来判断是否有端口 未授权, 如果是, 返回步珮 bll ), 否则, 查询下一优先级业务对应的业 务激活 ONU Bitmap寄存器和业务激活端口 Bitmap表。
该方法对于快速转发业务, 所述授权信息包括数据发送长度和数据 发送起始时间, 所述上报信息包括上报的待发数据长度;
所述步驟 d ) 所述确定授权数据发送起始时间包括: 将授权信息中 的数据发送起始时间确定为授权数据发送起始时间;
对于非自动发现 MPCP消息业务,所述授权信息包括下行 MPCP消 息类型、 预留域, 其中, 所述 MPCP消息类型包括 Discovery GATE、 Normal GATE, REGISTER&GATE, 所述上报信息包括上行 MPCP消息 类型域和预留域;
对于 MF业务, 所述授权信息包括预留域、 数据发送长度, 所述上 报信息包括上报的待发数据长度;
对于可 ·靠转发业务, 所述授权信息包括该端口的授权亏欠量、 数据 发送长度, 所述上报信息包括上报的待发数据长度;
对于尽力转发业务, 所述授权信息包括数据发送长度, 所述上报信 息包括上报的待发数据长度。
该方法对于需要进行带宽控制的业务端口, 进一步设置带宽信息 表, 存放指配带宽信息对应的每个带宽分配轮询周期内的发送量子; 步骤 bl2 )所述判断过程进一步包括: 在带宽信息表表中查询当前 业务端口的发送量子, 根据当前待授权业务端口的上报信息、 发送量子 以及当前带宽分配轮询周期内剩余带宽资源, 判断当前带宽资源是否允 许。
该方法对于自动发现 MPCP消息业务, 进一步设置自动发现 MPCP 消息业务的启动计数器;
步骤 b ) 所述业务数椐发送授权过程包括:
b21 ) 启动计数器进行计数, 计满后, 启动自动发现 MPCP 消息业 务过程, 如果发现自动发现 MPCP消息业务, 则进入步骤 b22 ), 否贝' J , 清零启动计数器, 返回步骤 b21 );
b22 )根据 MPCP消息业务的固定数据量和当前带宽分配轮询周期 内剩余带宽资源, 判断当前带宽资源是否允许, 如果是, 则进入步骤 b23 ), 否则, 执行对下一优先级业务的端口授权流程;
b23 ) 清零启动计数器, 返回步骤 b21 )。
该方法对于自动发现 MPCP 消息业务, 所述授权信息包括下行 MPCP 消息类型、 预留域, 所述其中 MPCP 消息类型包括 Discovery GATE、 Normal GATE、 REGISTER&GATE„
该方法步骤 d ) 后进一步包括: 判断是否还有未进行端口授权的 ONU, 如果是, 返回步骤 c ), 否则, 结束流程。
该方法所述下行授权消息为 GATE下行 MPCP消息。
该方法所述上报信息通过 REPORT消息承载。
该方法所述带宽分配轮询周期为虚拟帧周期。
从上面所述可以看出, 本发明提供的一种无源光网络的动态带宽分 配方法, 在带宽分配时, 对不同业务按优先权高低分别处理分别处理, 动态分配带宽, 以适应不同类型业务的需求, 实现业务透明; 下发授权 消息时, 再对同一 ONU的端口集中处理, 授权数据发送起始时间, 从 而使得同一 ONU下的不同业务端口所分配的授权窗口在时间上前后相 邻, 它们之间不需要加保护带, 减少了数据发送时的保护带宽, 提高了 带宽利用率。
另夕卜, 本发明进一步还采用 ONU信息老化机制, 实时对 ONU状态 进行监控, 动态处理离线 ONU, 释放所占用资源。
本发明采用的技术方案与现有技术相比, 带来了明显的有益效果, 即使得动态带宽分配对业务透明, 能适应 TDM/EF、 AF、 DF及 MPCP 消息的必须转发和 CPU/OAM的确保转发等多种业务需求, 提高带宽利 用率, 公平分配带宽, 健壮性好, 实时性强, 更加有效利用带宽资源, 避免资源浪费。 附图简要说明
图 1 是无源光网络结构示意图;
图 2是根据本发明的一个实施例的业务激活 ONU Bitmap寄存器和 相应的业务激活端口 Bitmap表的结构图;
图 3 是根据本发明的一个实施例的 vMAC上报信息表结构图; 图 4是根据本发明的一个实施例的各类业务的授权方法流程图; 图 5 是根据本发明的一个实施例的 vMAC授权信息表结构图; 图 6是根据本发明的一个实施例的 ONU状态信息表结构图; 图 7是根据本发明的一个实施例的授权消息生成方法流程图; 图 8是根据本发明的一个实施例的 ONU激活超时计数表结构图; 图 9是才艮据本发明的一个实施例的 ONU信息老化方法流程图。 实施本发明的方式
为使本发明的目的、 技术方案和优点更加清楚, 下面将结合附图对 本发明作进一步地详细描述。 本发明所提出的无源光网络的动态带宽分配方法中,包含业务注册、 带宽分配、 下发授权消息、 ONU信息老化等过程。 首先将 ONU与 OLT 之间需要通讯时所涉及的业务按照不同的发送需求进行分类, 赋予每类 不同分配策略。 带宽分配时, 对同一 ONU下的不同业务端口区分业务 类型进行分别处理, 授予相应的窗口长度; 下发授权消息时, 再对同一 ONU'的端口集中处理, 分配数据发送起始时间, 使得同一 ONU下的不 同业务端口所分配的授权窗口在时间上前后相邻, 它们之间不需要加保 护带, 从而提高了带宽利用率。 另外, 本发明还实时对 ONU状态进行 监控, 动态释放离线 ONU的资源。 这里, 所述业务端口是指承载某一 业务的端口, 它是一个逻辑上的概念, 与 ONU的物理端口并不完全对 应, 比如: 如果一个物理端口同时^载多个业务, 则可以将该物理端口 区分为多个业务端口。
下面详细描述本发明的一个实施例。
为了将业务进行分类, 对不同业务端口分别处理, 需要设置各种类 型业务的数据结构和端口的数据结构, 以便系统进行分类处理。 在本发 明的一个实施例中, 按照优先级由高到低将业务分为以下几类:
快速转发业务, 如: 时分复用 (TDM, Time Division Multiplex )> 加速转发(EF, Expedited Forwarding )等, 这里统称为 EF业务。 此类 业务需要均匀延时的实时转发, 而且带宽基本不受限制, 因此优先级最 高。
多点控制协议 ( MPCP, Multi-Point Control Protocol ) 消息业务, MPCP消息是用于系统正常 MPCP通信的,分为自动发现 MPCP消息和 非自动发现 MPCP消息, MPCP消息的有关参数都是固定的, 本发明还 将根据 ONU及时的 MPCP消息判断该 ONU是否在线。 确保转发(MF, Must Forwarding )业务, 如: 中央处理单元(CPU, Central Process Unit ) 的消息、 OAM的消息。 此类业务需要保证消息正 确传送, 用于运营、 管理、 维护和指配模块 (OAM&P , Operation Administration, Maintenance and Provisioning )及 OLT与 ONU间通讯, 因此优先级也较高。
可靠转发业务, 如可靠转发 ( AF, Assured Forwarding ), 此类业务 需要保证指定的最低带宽, 但对实时性要求不高。
尽力转发业务, 如缺省转发(DF, Default Forwarding ), 此类没有 最低带宽要求, 所以优先级最低。
本发明采用集中控制上报信息的方式, OLT对每个 ONU的状态进 行管理。在本发明的一个较佳实施例中, ONU的自动发现和注册过程的 消息交互采用国际电气电子工程师协会(IEEE ) 802.3ah 标准的消息交 互过程。
为了在进行数据发送授权时便于分业务、 分优先级地轮循, 在本发 明的一个较佳实施例中 ,设置各种业务的业务激活 ONU位映射( Bitmap ) 寄存器来保存各种业务的 ONU激活信息,比如 MPCP激活 ONU Bitmap 寄存器( IMAB, Ingress MPCP Active Bitmap )、 MF业务激活 ONU Bitmap 寄存器( IMFAB, Ingress Must Forwarding Active Bitmap )、 EF业务激活 ONU Bitmap 哥存器 ( IEFAB, Ingress Expedited Forwarding Active Bitmap )、 AF业务激活 ONU Bitmap寄存器 (IAFAB, Ingress Assured Forwarding Active Bitmap )、 DF业务激活 ONU Bitmap寄存器( IDFAB, Ingress Default Forwarding Active Bitmap )。 同时, 以端口为单位的业务 有 EF、 AF、 DF等, 这些业务还需设置业务激活端口位映射(Bitmap ) 表来保存这些业务在端口的激活信息, 比如: EF 业务激活 Bitmap表 ( IEFABT, Ingress Expedited Forwarding Active Bitmap Table )、 AF业务 激活 Bitmap表 ( IAFABT, Ingress Assured Forwarding Active Bitmap Table )、 DF业务激活 Bitmap表(IDFABT, Ingress Default Forwarding Active Bitmap Table )。
如图 2所示, 图中左侧为业务激活 ONU Bitmap寄存器, 包含 N个 ONU的相应的位 ( bit ), 用于指示该 ONU的此类业务是否被激活, 比 如 1表示激活、 0表示未激活; 图中右侧的业务激活端口 Bitmap表包含 N个 ONU的相应的表项,每个表项的内容( content )存储着相应的 ONU 所下挂的各个端口的此类业务是否被激活的信息, 比如: 若是每个端口 对应着一位; 1 表示激活、 0表示未激活; 而系统将这些表存放在存储 器中,且可以根据相应的光纤网络单元标识符(ONUID, Optical Network Unit Identifier )来索引 ( index )相应的 ONU的表项, 以方便读写端口 业务激活信息。
需要说明的是, 在业务注册过程中, 为 ONU分配的逻辑链路标识 符 ( LLID, Logical Link Identifier ) 为 {ONUID, 端口激活 Bitmap}的形 式, 这种形式便于使用 ONUID和各端口偏移(Offset )进行各种业务激 活信息、 带宽分配信息的检索, 也便于组播业务的开展。
ONU在注册过程中其 MPCP端口即被激活, 激活信息加入 IMAB 中; ONU注册后则 MF端口激活, 激活信息加入 IMFAB中, 其中, 这 里每个 ONU缺省都有 CPU和 OAM的业务。
ONU注册成功后, 对于同时以端口为单位的业务, ONU向 OLT的 CPU请求带宽指配, 网管通过与 OLT的 CPU的交互进行带宽信息的传 递。 带宽信息包含 EF业务端口的激活信息, 以及 AF和 DF业务端口的 激活信息及其端口的带宽。 其中, 由于 EF业务的每个虚拟帧周期内的 带宽是一定的, 因此其带宽信息中无需包括端口的带宽。 EF、 AF及 DF 业务端口的激活信息分别加入 IEFAB、 IAFAB、 IDFAB中和 IEFABT、 IAFABT、 IDFABT的相应表项中, IEFAB、 IAFAB、 IDFAB的相应位分 别反映该 ONU是否有 EF、 DF、 AF业务激活的信息, IEFABT、 IAFABT、 IDFABT的相应表项则标识出该 ONU的哪些端口的 EF、 DF、 AF业务 被激活。
对需要固定分配带宽的端口,如 EF, 由于每个虛拟帧周期内的带宽 是一定的, 因此可以设置一个固定带宽信息的寄存器, 保存固定带宽; 或者预先规定一个缺省带宽, 通过消息交互知道端口类型后, 即可以采 用该缺省带宽发送数据。
对于需要进行动态带宽控制的业务端口, 如: DF、 AF业务, 设置 相应的带宽信息表(BIT, Bandwidth Information Table ), 用于存放指配 ( provision ) 的带宽信息。 为了方便以后使用可以将指配带宽换算成发 送量子 (Transmit Quantum ) 的形式保存。 这里, 所述发送量子是指带 宽分配的每个固定轮询周期内允许发送的数据量, 该发送量子可以利用 指配带宽和轮询周期通过相乘得到, 其单位可以是字节 (Byte )、 字 ( Word )等, 本发明中采用 EF业务的虚拟帧周期作为带宽分配操作的 轮询周期。 同样, 系统可以根据 ONUID和各端口 Offset进行表项检索, 读取相应表项内容, 来从 BIT表中获取指配(provision ) 的带宽信息。
OLT通过与网管的交互, 可以动态操作修改业务激活 ONU Bitmap 寄存器相关位、激活端口 Bitmap表相关表项及带宽信息表相关表项的内 容, 从而实现了 ONU业务端口的动态插入删除和带宽信息的重配置。
每个轮询周期中 , ONU通过 IEEE 802.3ah标准的 REPORT消息向 OLT上报待发数据长度, 根据 IEEE 802.3ah, 每个消息包含有 8个队列 数据长度上报项。 并预先设定各个队列和 ONU端口间对应关系, 使得 OLT能够区分上报长度来自哪个端口。 同时设定各个队列的有效标志, 比如: 以 8比特对应的位分别标识 8个队列是否有效或激活, 0比特位 对应队列 0, 1比特位对应队列 1 , 以此类推。 当该位的值为 0时表示对 应的队列未激活, 为 1时表示对应的队列激活或有效。 当 ONU下挂端 口大于 8个时, 采用多个 REPORT消息表征, 消息中附带序号, 以标识 一个周期中多个 REPORT的连续性, 使得 OLT可以从接收到的多个消 息中确定出各上报项来自哪个端口。
为了对各个端口的上报信息进行分别处理, OLT将上报待发数据长 度信息存储于以虚拟 MAC ( vMAC, Virtual MAC )分类的 vMAC上报 信息表(RIT, Report Information Table ) 中。 参见图 3所示, 图中左侧 示出了该表的结构: 各个表项对应于各个 ONU端口的上报信息, 并且 系统由 ONUID索引。 对于普通业务, 如: OAM、 CPU及通常的转发业 务等的数据, 表项包含上报标识 (Reported Flag )、 上报待发数据长度
( Report )„ 其中, "上才艮标识" 标志当前虛拟帧周期内该 vMAC是否上 报待发数据, "上报待发数据长度" 的数字单位与带宽信息表中发送量 子的单位(Byte或 Word等)保持一致。 对于 MPCP消息业务, 参见图 3右侧所示, 表项包含上报标识(Reported Flag )、 上行 MPCP消息类型 域(Type )、 预留域(Reserved )。 其中, "上行 MPCP消息类型域" 指明 该 上 行 MPCP 消 息 的 类 型 , 如 : " REGISTER— REQ " 、
"REGISTER— ACK"及 "Normal REPORT" 等, 使得 OLT能区分 ONU 所在注册阶段, 以便明确应当生成的下行 MPCP消息类型。 对于 EF业 务, 由于在确定了虛拟帧周期后, 端口在一个虚拟帧周期内可发送的数 据长度是一定的, 因此无须进行待发数据长度上报。
带宽分配, 即业务数据发送授权, 是 OLT根据业务 ONU端口激活 信息、 带宽分配信息、 上报信息等按照业务优先级轮询授权的过程。 为 了满足 EF业务的 QoS保证, 设置虛拟帧周期作为其轮询授权的周期, 其它业务的带宽分配操作也按照优先级的顺序在该虚拟帧周期内进行, 即在虛拟帧周期的开始进行 EF的带宽分配操作, 剩余的时间依次进行 MPCP、 MF、 AF和 DF业务的带宽分配操作。
下面参照图 4详细说明本发明一个实施例的上行业务数据发送授权 过程。
本实施例按照业务优先级从高到低分别是 EF业务、自动发现 MPCP 消息业务、 非自动发现 MPCP消息业务、 MF业务、 AF业务、 DF业务 的顺序轮询授权。
为了方便 OLT对各类上行业务发送授权消息 ,本实施例设置 vMAC 授权信息表(GIT, Grant Information Table ), 用于存储业务发送授权产 生的授权信息。 当在上行接收过程中, OLT读取授权信息表中的数据, 并产生授权消息, 发送至相应 ONU, 完成带宽动态分配过程。
图 4示出了本实施例各类业务的授权流程。
步骤 401 , OLT根据上行业务激活信息确定当前授权端口, 或者根 据启动计数器启动自动发现 MPCP消息。
对于 EF、 MF、 AF、 DF及非自动发现 MPCP消息等业务, 当前授 权端口可通过轮询业务激活 ONU Bitmap寄存器和业务激活端口 Bitmap 表获得。 具体为: 按优先级由高到低的顺序, 轮询各业务的业务激活 ONU Bitmap寄存器。 对于 MF和非自动发现 MPCP, 通过轮询对应表 项中的激活信息, 找出由该类业务激活的 ONU, 将该 ONU的端口作为 当前待授权端口; 对于以端口为单位的业务, 如 EF、 AF、 DF, 先轮询 该类业务的激活 ONU Bitmap寄存器找出由该类业务激活的 ONU,然后 再根据找出的 ONU的 ONUID查找该类业务的激活端口 Bitmap表, 进 一步确定该 ONU的哪个端口激活了该种业务。
对于自动发现 MPCP, 为了动态注册新上线的 ONU, 设定一个自动 发现 MPCP的启动计数器, 每次计满后, 启动自动发现 MPCP过程, 如 果发现自动发现 MPCP业务,则进入步骤 402 ), 否则,返回步骤 401 );。 从而实现周期启动自动发现 MPCP过程, 并不占用过多带宽。
步骤 402, 在 RIT表中查找当前待授权端口的上 信息, 判断当前 带宽资源是否允许进行授权, 如果允许, 则进行授权, 在 GIT中记录授 权信息或者下行 MPCP类型, 否则, 跳至步骤 404。
其中, 所述的带宽资源是否允许的判断, 对于 EF、 MF和 MPCP业 务, 是根据端口指配带宽, 即一个虚拟帧周期内允许发送的数据量(对 于 EF、 MF业务)或者 MPCP的固定数据量(对于 MPCP业务), 以及 当前虛拟帧周期内剩余带宽来判断, 当前者大于后者时,带宽资源允许, 可以进行授权。
对于 AF业务, 只有当端口有待发数据上报, 并且上报的待发数据 量不大于剩余可发送数据量也不大于该端口带宽指配发送数据量与亏 欠量的和时, 才判断为带宽资源允许。 其中, 所述指配发送数据量可用 通过 ONUID和 Offset的索引在 BIT表中查询得到的发送量子替代。
对于 DF业务, 只有当端口有待发数据上报并且剩余可发送数据量 不小于上报数据量和带宽指配发送数据量两者中最大者时, 才判断为带 宽资源允许。 其中, 所述指配发送数据量可用通过 ONU1D和 Offset的 索引在 BIT表中查询得到的发送量子替代。
当带宽资源允许的情况下, 则对当前端口进行授权, 并在 GIT中记 录授权信息。 对于 EF业务, 是根据预定数据到达时间戳、 与本虛拟帧 周期内的前一端口属于不同 0NU时需要加入的保护带, 确定其数据发 送起始时间 (Start Time ) 和数据发送长度(Length ), 并记录到该类业 务的 GIT对应端口的相应表项中。 这里, 所述预定数据到达时间戳是指 预先确定的下一上行虛拟帧周期内数据到达的时间标识, 该时间标识的 参考标准为 0LT处的自由振荡时钟。 对于 MPCP消息业务,根据当前 MPCP端口的 RIT上行消息类型确 定下行 MPCP消息类型; 对于自动发现 MPCP消息业务, 其下行消息类 型为固定类型。然后将所述 MPCP类型和授权标志写入 MPCP端口对应 的 GIT表项中。对于自动发现 MPCP消息业务, 可以只将授权标志写入 MPCP端口对应的 GIT表项中。
对于 MF、 DF业务, 根据端口 RIT中上报数据长度信息对其授权, 即授予对应长度的窗口, 并将该授权的窗口写入对应的 GIT表项中。
对于 AF业务, 根据端口 RIT中上报数据长度信息和已有授权亏欠 量对其授权以对应长度的窗口, 同时计算新的授权亏欠量, 并将该授权 的窗口以及授权亏欠量写入对应的 GIT表项中。
步骤 403, 更新当前虛拟帧周期内剩余带宽, 及与当前待授权端口 相关的信息。
具体包括: 更新当前虛拟帧周期内剩余带宽; 更新 EF业务中当前 预定数据到达时间戳及虛拟帧周期内剩余带宽; 清零自动发现 MPCP的 启动计数器, 并且对于自动发现 MPCP到此就可以直接返回步骤 401 ; 清除 MPCP、 MF、 AF、 DF对应 RIT表中的上报标志等。 其中清除 RIT 表中的上报标志是为了避免下一虚拟帧周期不发生重复授权。
在本发明的一个较佳实施例中, 上述 AF业务的授权调度方法采用 的是漏桶型算法。 熟悉本领域的技术人员可以理解, AF 业务的授权调 度也可以采用加权轮询算法, 而不影响本发明的实质和范围。
步骤 404,判断是否有端口未授权,如果是,则返回步骤 401 ; 否则, 结束本优先级业务的端口授权, 进入下一优先级业务的端口授权过程。
所述判断过程对于 MF和非自动发现 MPCP具体为判断当前轮询到 的业务激活 ONU Bitmap寄存器是否还有未被读取的表项, 如果是, 则 说明还有 ONU的端口未授权; 否则, 说明此类业务的授权已完毕。 对 于以端口为单位的业务, 如 EF、 AF、 DF, 则首先判断当前轮询到的业 务激活端口 Bitmap表是否还有未被读取的表项,如果是,则继续查询该 表的下一表项, 否则, 继续判断当前业务激活 ONU Bitmap寄存器是否 还有未被读取的表项, 如果是, 则说明还有 ONU的端口未授权; 否贝1 J , 说明此类业务的授权已完毕。
其中, 对于自动发现 MPCP, 由于每个虚拟帧周期最多只有一次授 权, 所以不再执行步骤 404的判断过程, 直接进入下一优先级业务端口 的授权。
图 5示出了 vMAC授权信息表 GIT的数据结构,各个表项对应于各 个 ONU端口的授权信息, 并且系统由 ONUID索引。
对于上行 EF业务, 表项包含授权标志(Granted Flag )、 数据发送起 始时间 (Start Time )、 数据发送长度( Length )。 其中, 授权标志指示该 业务端口是否被授权, 数据发送起始时间即该端口被授权可以开始发送 的时间, 数据发送长度即授权窗口长度, 是指该端口被授予可以发送数 据的长度。
对于上行 MF 业务, 表项包含授权标志 (Granted Flag )、 预留域 ( Reserved ), 数据发送长度( Length ), 预留域即尚未定义的部分, 可 保留给将来使用。
对于 MPCP业务, 表项包含授权标志 ( Granted Flag )、 下行 MPCP 消息类型 (Type )、 预留域(Reserved )。 其中, 下行 MPCP消息类型包 含 "Discovery GATE" , "Normal GATE"、 "REGISTER&GATE" , 这里 "GATE" 类型的下行 MPCP专门用于承载授权消息。
对于其它业务,如: DF、 AF业务,表项包含授权标志( Granted Flag )、 亏欠计数器(Deficit Cnt )、 数据发送长度( Length )。 其中, 亏欠计数器 用于记录该端口的授权亏欠量, 授权亏欠量反映该业务端口在以前的上 行业务周期中累计的授权带宽多于上报带宽的程度, 系统通过授权亏欠 量来平衡 AF、 DF业务的 QoS保证; 对于 DF业务, 由于不需要考虑授 权亏欠量, 因此可将其亏欠计数器的值置为零。
在对 ONU的业务端口授权阶段,只对 EF业务授权数据的发送起始 时间; 其它业务中, 自动发现 MPCP的注册窗口对 ONU数目及最长扩 展距离确定的 PON系统来说也是确定的;非自动发现 MPCP由于 MPCP 消息长度是固定的故其授权长度也是固定的, 它们的授权长度不再写入 授权信息表; AF和 DF业务端口的授权长度由于不固定要写入授权信息 表。
为了便于管理 ONU,本发明还设置了 ONU状态信息表(SIT, Status Information Table ),用于表征 ONU的状态信息。 图 6示出了状态信息表 的数据结构, 每个 ONU对应一个表项, 系统由 ONUID索引, 表项包含 ONU状态信息 (ONU Status )。 在本发明的一个较佳实施例中, 用 2个 比特表示 ONU状态信息,分别是无效( Invalid Entry )、已注册( Registered ONU ). 注册中 (Registering ONU )。 其中, 无效表示该 ONUID未分配 给任何 ONU; 已注册表示该 ONU已完成注册过程可以正常进行业务数 据转发; 注册中表示该 ONU正处在注册过程中, 注册中状态下, ONU 的具体当前交互消息可通过该 ONU的 MPCP端口上报信息表 RIT表项 和授权信息表 GIT表项得知。 ONU状态信息表表项是在 MPCP消息交 互过程中, 根据交互的 MPCP消息生成的, ONU当前状态取决于前一 状态和前一状态下 OLT与 ONU之间交互的 MPCP消息, 比如: 当处于 ONU无效态时,如果 ONU收到 OLT的自动注册 MPCP消息( Discovery GATE ), 并发出注册请求(REGISTER— REQ ) MPCP消息, 则 ONU状 态转为注册中。 当 ONU处于注册中状态时, 如收到 REGISTER—ACK 则转为已注册状态。 在完成业务发送授权操作以后, OLT将在虛拟帧周期中生成授权消 息并在一定的时刻发送授权消息至相应 ONU。 授权消息生成的原则是: 为了对每个 ONU的端口业务生成尽量少的授权消息, 同时也是为了在 上行数据流中少插入 ONU间保护带及同步时间段, 除了 EF夕卜, 其它端 口业务的授权发送窗口是前后紧邻的 , 所以除 EF外的其它端口的授权 数据发送起始时间是在授权消息生成阶段确定并写入授权消息中的。 这 是由于 EF业务需要低延时和低延时抖动, 对这些端口采取的策略是尽 量定时发送, 所以 EF业务端口在授权信息生成阶段就确定了授权发送 起始时间和授权发送长度。 而对于其它业务端口为了体现上述原则, 在 授权信息生成阶段确定的只是授权发送长度, 授权发送起始时间是在授 权消息产生阶段确定的。 这么做的目的就是为了尽量使得同一 ONU的 端口, 其授权发送窗口时间上前后相邻, 从而达到减少保护带的插入, 提高带宽利用率。
图 7示出了根据本发明的一个实施例的授权消息生成方法的流程。 如图 7所示, 在步骤 701中,根据 ONUID索引逐个读取 ONU状态 信息表表项。
系统以 ONU 为单位进行授权消息生成, 使得授权消息在类型为 "GATE"的下行 MPCP消息中承载, 并且可以处理同一 ONU的业务端 口的统一授权。
步骤 702,判断当前 ONU是否为无效, 即当前 ONUID对应的 ONU 状态信息 ONU Status表项是否为 00, 如果是, 则不进行授权, 继续往 下读取状态信息表, 进入步骤 701; 否则, 即当前 ONUID对应的 ONU 状态信息 ONU Status表项是否为 01或 10, 则继续执行步骤 703。
步骤 703 , 读取当前 ONU每个端口对应的 GIT表^ , 生成授权信 息, 并确定数据发送起始时间。 该过程具体包括:在 GIT表中根据 ONUID索引查找属于同一 ONU 的端口对应的表项, 根据授权标志查找被授权的端口, 获取业务端口的 授权状态, 如果该业务端口已授权, 则从对应表项中取出授权数据长度 等相关信息, 并确定数据发送起始时间。
其中, 对于 EF业务, 通过查询 GIT表的对应表项, 获取授权的数 据长度和发送起始时间, 写入 GATE下行 MPCP消息中。
对于上行 MPCP业务,通过查询 GIT表获取 MPCP消息类型; 另外 由于授权数据长度固定, 因此只需根据业务数据发送授权阶段继承来的 已授权预定数据发送时间戳, 确定各业务端口的授权数据发送起始时 间。
对于其余业务, 如: MF、 AF、 DF业务, 通过查询 GIT表获取授权 数据发送长度, 并由业务数据发送授权阶段继承来的已授权预定数据发 送时间戳, 来确定各业务端口的授权数据发送起始时间。
步骤 704, 根据授权信息和授权数据发送起始时间生成授权消息, 并下发。
这里, 系统将当前 ONU每个授权端口的授权信息和授权数据发送 起始时间通过 GATE下行 MPCP消息承载。首先根据授权的 MPCP消息 类型确定下行 OLT发给 ONT的 MPCP消息类型, 如果包含 GATE类型 的 MPCP消息, 则把步骤 703确定的每个授权端口授权信息和授权数据 发送起始时间写入 GATE下行 MPCP消息中发送。
一般, 一个 G^TE下行 MPCP消息中能够承载 4个端口的授权信息 和授权数据发送起始时间, 因此如果当前 ONU需要授权的端口超过 4 个, 则生成两个或两个以上的 GATE下行 MPCP消息, 来承载所有; ί受权 端口的授权信息和授权数据发送起始时间。
步骤 705 , 设置当前授权端口对应的 GIT表项中的授权标志指示未 被授权, 以避免重复下发授权消息。
步骤 706, 判断是否已读完所有状态信息表表项, 如果是, 则表明 已完成所有 ONU授权消息的生成, 结束本虛拟帧周期的授权消息生成 过程; 否则, 返回步骤 701继续读取状态信息表。
最后,本发明给出了处理离线 ONU或者故障 ONU的方法,即 ONU 信息老化过程。 系统设置 ONU激活超时计数表, 给每个 ONU的不响应 时间进行计数, 如果计数值超过规定的离线阈值, 则判定该 ONU 已无 效, 释放无效 ONU的资源。
图 8示出了 ONU激活超时计数表的数据结构,每个 ONU对应一个 表项, 系统由 ONUID索引, 表项包含上报标志 (Reported ), 激活超时 计数器 ( ATC, Active Timeout Count )»
图 9示出了根据本发明的一个实施例的 ONU信息老化方法流程, 参见图 9所示, 在步骤 901 中, 系统根据 ONUID索引, ·逐个读取 ONU状态信息表表项。
步骤 902, 判断当前 ONU是否为无效, 如果是, 返回步驟 901 , 对 无效 ONU不予处理, 继续往下读取; 否则, 则进入步骤 903。
步骤 903, 读取该 ONU对应的激活超时计数表表项进入步骤 904。 步骤 904,系统根据当前读取表项中的上报标志判断该 ONU在本虚 拟帧周期内是否上报 MPCP消息, 如果是, 则对当前表项中的激活超时 计数器进行清零; 否则, 对激活超时计数器执行计数操作。 并且, 无论 判断结果如何, 都要执行清除上报标志 (Reported ) 的操作。
步骤 905, 判断激活超时计数器计数值是否超过离线阈值, 如果是, 表明该 ONU已离线, 进入步骤 906; 否则, 表明该 ONU在线, 进入步 骤 907。
步骤 906, 置该 ONU对应的 ONU状态信息表表项为无效状态, 并 释放该 ONU的相关资源, 进入步骤 907。 这样, 对于离线 ONU, 系统 在状态信息表的对应表项设置无效, 标志该 ONU不存在。
其中, 所述释放的 ONU相关资源包含: 业务激活 Bitmap寄存器 IMPAB、 IMFAB、 IEFAB、 IAFAB、 IDFAB的相应位, 业务激活 Bitmap 表 IEFAT、 IAFAT、 IDFAT的相应表项, 带宽信息表的相应表项, 以及 原先分配给该 ONU的 ONUID。
步骤 907, 判断是否已读完 ONU状态信息表所有表项, 如果是, 则 结束本虛拟帧周期的 ONU信息老化过程; 否则, 返回步骤 901继续读 取状态信息表。
上述老化过程可以反复执行, 在本发明较佳实施例中, 整个 ONU 信息表项的老化过程可以由某个事件启动, 老化过程一次启动则遍历所 有表项对其进行老化处理, 所有表项遍历完毕, 则结束, 等待下一次事 件来再一次启动此过程。
本发明适用于由 OLT控制 ONU接入的主从系统, OLT控制 ONU 的上行所有业务数据的转发接入包括 MPCP或其它 MAC消息; 对于下 行则为广播模式, 数据在 ONU处进行过滤接收, 下行的发送调度也可 以是基于优先级的, 以 EF、 MPCP、 CPU/OAM、 AF、 DF的优先级次序 进行下行调度转发。
虽然通过参照本发明的某些优选实施例, 已经对本发明进行了图示 和描述, 但本领域的普通技术人员应该明白, 可以在形式上和细节上对 其作各种各样的改变, 而不偏离所附权利要求书所限定的本发明的精神 和范围。

Claims

权利要求书
1、 一种无源光网络的动态带宽分配方法, 所述无源光网络中包括 OLT和多个与 OLT相连的 ONU, 其特征在于, 包括:
a )将 ONU与 OLT之间通讯过程涉及的业务按照不同的发送需求 进行分类, 赋予每类业务不同的优先级;
b )按照优先级从高到低的顺序对同一类业务的业务端口进行业务 数据发送授权, 并保存授权信息;
c )读取所保存的同一 ONU中每个待授权端口的授权信息; d )确定授权数据发送起始时间, 生成包含有当前 ONU每个授权端 口授权信息和授权数据发送起始时间的下行授权消息, 发送至当前
2、 居权利要求 1所述的方法, 其特征在于,
进一步为每个 ONU设置用于对 ONU的不响应时间计数的激活超时 计数器;
该方法进一步包括 ONU信息老化流程:
A.逐个检查每个 ONU的状态,判断当前 ONU的状态是否为无效, 如果是,返回步驟 A,继续检查下一个 ONU的状态,否则,进入步骤 B;
B. 判断当前 ONU在本带宽分配轮询周期内是否上报了 MPCP消 息, 如果是, 则对当前 ONU对应的激活超时计数器进行清零, 进入步 骤 C; 否则, 直接进入步驟 C;
C.判断当前 ONU的激活超时计数器的计数值是否超过设定的离线 阈值, 如果是,在 ONU状态信息表中设置当前 ONU的状态信息为无效 状态, 释放与该 ONU相关的资源, 进入步驟 D, 否则, 进入步骤 D;
D. 判断是否还有未进行状态检查的 ONU, 如果是, 则返回步骤 A, 继续检查下一个 ONU的状态; 否则, 结束本带宽分配轮询周期的 ONU 信息老化流程。
3、 根据权利要求 2 所述的方法, 其特征在于, 进一步包括: 设置 ONU状态信息表, 根据 ONU与 OLT之间交互的 MPCP消息生成对应 ONU的状态信息, 存储在 ONU状态信息表中, 每个 ONU的状态信息 由 ONUID索引;
设置 ONU激活超时计数表,表中包括有用于对每个 ONU的不响应 时间计数的激活超时计数器、 指示对应的 ONU是否上报了 MPCP消息 的上报标志,每个 ONU对应的激活超时计数器和上报标志由 ONUID索 引;
步骤 A所述判断过程包括: 根据 ONUID索引, 从 ONU状态信息 表中逐个读取 ONU的状态信息,判断当前 ONU的状态信息是否表示为 无效;
步骤 B所述判断过程包括: 在激活超时计数表中读取当前 ONU的 对应表项, 判断该是否对应表项中是否存在上报标志, 如果是, 则判定 当前 ONU在本带宽分配周期内上报了 MPCP消息,否则,判定当前 ONU 在本带宽分配周期内未上报 MPCP消息;
所述步骤 C与步骤 D之间进一步包括: 清除 ONU激活超时计数表 中当前 ONU的上报标志;
步骤 D所述判断过程包括: 判断是否读完 ONU状态信息表的所有 表项, 如果是, 则判定已无未进行状态检查的 ONU, 否则, 判定还有未 进行状态检查的 ONU。
4、 根据权利要求 1 所述的方法, 其特征在于, 进一步设置 vMAC 授权信息表, 用于存储 ONU每个业务端口的授权信息, 以及指示业务 端口是否被授权的授权标志 , 同一业务端口的授权标志与授权信息—— 对应, 并由 O UID索引;
步骤 b ) 所述保存授权信息包括: 将业务端口的授权信息记录在 vMAC授权信息表中, 并设置该业务端口对应的授权标志指示为已被授 权;
步驟 c )所述读取授权信息包括:在 vMAC授权信息表中根据 ONUID 索引查找属于同一 ONU的业务端口对应的表项, 根据表项中的授权标 志查找被授权的业务端口, 读取被授权业务端口的授权信息;
所述步骤 d )后进一步包括: 将已读取授权信息的业务端口对应的 vMAC授权信息表项中的授权标志设置为指示未被授权。
5、 根据权利要求 1 所述的方法, 其特征在于, 进一步包括: 设置 ONU状态信息表, 存储每个 ONU的状态信息, ONU状态信息表表项 是在 MPCP消息交互过程中生成的, 并由 ONUID索引;
步骤 c )前进一步包括: 在 ONU状态信息表中根据 ONUID索引逐 个读取 ONU的状态信息, 判断当前 ONU状态是否为无效, 如果是, 则 返回在 ONU状态信息表中读取下一个 ONU的状态信息, 否则, 进入步 骤 c )。
6、 根据权利要求 1所述的方法, 其特征在于,
所述业务分类为按优先级由高到低 顺序将业务分成: 快速转发业 务、 自动发现 MPCP消息业务、 非自动发现 MPCP消息业务、 MF业务、 可靠转发业务和尽力转发业务。
7、 根据权利要求 6 所述的方法, 其特征在于, 对于除所述自动发 现 MPCP消息业务以外的业务, 步骤 b )所述业务数据发送授权过程包 括:
bl l )根据业务激活信息确定当前待授权端口;
bl2 )根据当前待授权业务端口的上报信息或根据非自动发现 MPCP 消息业务的固定数据量, 以及当前带宽分配轮询周期内剩余带宽资源, 判断当前带宽资源是否允许, 如果是, 则进入步骤 bl3 ), 否则, 进入步 骤 bl5 );
b 13 )对当前待授权端口进行业务数据发送授权, 保存授权信息; bl4 )更新当前带宽分配轮询周期内剩余带宽,及与当前待授权端口 相关的信息;
bl5 ) 判断是否有端口未授权, 如果是, 返回步骤 bl l ), 否则, 对 下一优先级业务的业务端口进行业务数据发送授权。
8、 根据权利要求 7所述的方法, 其特征在于, 进一步包括: 分别为每类业务设置业务激活 ONU Bitmap寄存器, 存储用于指示 每个 ONU中此类业务是否被激活的激活信息;
其中, 对于以端口为单位的业务进一步设置与每类业务对应的业务 激活端口 Bitmap表, 存储指示在 ONU下挂的对应端口中此类业务是否 被激活的激活信息, 并由 ONUID索引;
vMAC上报信息表, 存储 ONU下挂端口的上报信息, 并由 ONUID 索引;
步驟 bl l ) 包括: 按优先级顺序轮询每类业务对应的业务激活 ONU Bitmap寄存器和业务激活端口 Bitmap表, 找出激活信息为已激活的端 口确定为当前待授权端口;
步骤 bl2 )前进一步包括: 在 vMAC上报信息表中查找当前待授权 端口的上报信息;
步骤 bl5 )通过判断当前查询到的业务激活 ONU Bitmap寄存器和 业务激活端口 Bitmap表中是否还有未被读取的表项来判断是否有端口 未授权, 如果是, 返回步骤 bll ), 否则, 查询下一优先级业务对应的业 务激活 ONU Bitmap寄存器和业务激活端口 Bitmap表。
9、 才艮据权利要求 7或 8所述的方法, 其特征在于, 对于快速转发业务, 所述授权信息包括数据发送长度和数据发送起 始时间, 所述上报信息包括上报的待发数据长度;
所述步骤 d )所述确定授权数据发送起始时间包括: 将授权信息中 的数据发送起始时间确定为授权数据发送起始时间;
对于非自动发现 MPCP消息业务,所述授权信息包括下行 MPCP消 息类型、 预留域, 其中, 所述 MPCP消息类型包括 Discovery GATE、 Normal GATE, REGISTER&GATE , 所述上报信息包括上行 MPCP消息 类型域和预留域;
对于 MF业务, 所述授权信息包括预留域、 数据发送长度, 所述上 报信息包括上报的待发数据长度;
对于可靠转发业务, 所述授权信息包括该端口的授权亏欠量、 数据 发送长度, 所述上报信息包括上报的待发数据长度;
对于尽力转发业务, 所述授权信息包括数据发送长度, 所述上报信 息包括上报的待发数据长度。
10、 根据权利要求 7所述的方法, 其特征在于, 对于需要进行带宽 控制的业务端口, 进一步设置带宽信息表, 存放指配带宽信息对应的每 个带宽分配轮询周期内的发送量子;
步骤 bl2 ) 所述判断过程进一步包括: 在带宽信息表表中查询当前 业务端口的发送量子, 根据当前待授权业务端口的上报信息、 发送量子 以及当前带宽分配轮询周期内剩余带宽资源, 判断当前带宽资源是否允 许。
11、根据权利要求 6所述的方法,其特征在于,对于自动发现 MPCP 消息业务, 进一步设置自动发现 MPCP消息业务的启动计数器;
步骤 b ) 所述业务数据发送授权过程包括: b21 )启动计数器进行计数, 计满后, 启动自动发现 MPCP消息业 务过程, 如果发现自动发现 MPCP消息业务, 则进入步骤 b22 ), 否贝' J , 清零启动计数器, 返回步骤 b21 );
b22 )根据 MPCP消息业务的固定数据量和当前带宽分配轮询周期 内剩余带宽资源, 判断当前带宽资源是否允许, 如果是, 则进入步骤 b23 ), 否则, 执行对下一优先级业务的端口授权流程;
b23 )清零启动计数器, 返回步骤 b21 )。
12、 根据权利要求 11所述的方法, 其特征在于,
对于自动发现 MPCP消息业务,所述授权信息包括下行 MPCP消息 类型、预留域, 所述其中 MPCP消息类型包括 Discovery GATE、 Normal GATE、 REGISTER&GATEe
13、 根据权利要求 1所述的方法, 其特征在于, 步驟 d )后进一步 包括: 判断是否还有未进行端口授权的 ONU, 如果是, 返回步驟 c ), 否则, 结束流程。
14、 根据权利要求 1所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述下行授权消息 为 GATE下行 MPCP消息。
15、 根据权利要求 7、 8或 10任意一项所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述上报信息通过 REPORT消息承载。
16、 根据权利要求 2、 7或 10任意一项所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述带宽分配轮询周期为虚拟帧周期。
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CA2542163A1 (en) 2005-04-28
CN1326340C (zh) 2007-07-11
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US7720072B2 (en) 2010-05-18
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BRPI0415843A (pt) 2007-01-02
CN1610279A (zh) 2005-04-27
AU2004307061A1 (en) 2005-04-28
PT1684447E (pt) 2011-12-26
EP1684447A4 (en) 2007-01-24
RU2320089C1 (ru) 2008-03-20
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