WO2005025753A1 - Systeme et procede destines a la fabrication et au tri de matieres nanoparticulaires - Google Patents

Systeme et procede destines a la fabrication et au tri de matieres nanoparticulaires Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2005025753A1
WO2005025753A1 PCT/US2004/029654 US2004029654W WO2005025753A1 WO 2005025753 A1 WO2005025753 A1 WO 2005025753A1 US 2004029654 W US2004029654 W US 2004029654W WO 2005025753 A1 WO2005025753 A1 WO 2005025753A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
particles
particulate matter
magnetic field
positively charged
recited
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US2004/029654
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
David Peter Holste-Grubbe
Original Assignee
Panterra Technologies, Inc.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Panterra Technologies, Inc. filed Critical Panterra Technologies, Inc.
Publication of WO2005025753A1 publication Critical patent/WO2005025753A1/fr

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C1/00—Magnetic separation
    • B03C1/02—Magnetic separation acting directly on the substance being separated
    • B03C1/28—Magnetic plugs and dipsticks
    • B03C1/288—Magnetic plugs and dipsticks disposed at the outer circumference of a recipient
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C1/00—Magnetic separation
    • B03C1/02—Magnetic separation acting directly on the substance being separated
    • B03C1/10—Magnetic separation acting directly on the substance being separated with cylindrical material carriers
    • B03C1/14—Magnetic separation acting directly on the substance being separated with cylindrical material carriers with non-movable magnets

Definitions

  • the present invention is directed to particulate matter and methods for manufacturing particulate matter, and in particular, to a system and method for sorting particulate matter by size or charge, which is especially well-suited for particulate matter in the nanometer size range.
  • nano particulate size distribution and ionic properties are applied to the production of deposition technologies including use for integrated circuits, where the size of matter controls the speed and size of integrated circuits; in colloidal suspensions where the size and charges control the ability to maintain Brownian Theory suspensions; and in film deposition technology, where the thickness of films and the ability to deposit those films in a commercially viable fashion enhance the performance of a wide variety of devices and formulations such as internal combustion engines, aerospace components, plastics, lubricants and the like.
  • Use of nano technology relies on the consistent production of extremely small particulate matter.
  • the end products often exhibit a relatively large particle size distribution that is undesirable for the end product's use.
  • Filtration of the end product is required to isolate a product within a finite particle size range which may be useful for a particular intended use. Filtration includes the use of mechanical devices, like screen type filters, and of chemical treatments, like flocculants. While these treatments are somewhat effective, they cannot produce materials in the best commercially viable quantities. Materials manufacturing requires the development of methods that are inexpensive and economically viable to make nano particulate matter exhibiting a relatively narrow particle size distribution. Thus, what is needed is a device which solves the problems associated with the prior art by providing a system which is capable of producing nano particulate matter of a desirably small size.
  • the present invention solves the problems described above, among other things, by providing a system and method for producing extremely small particulate matter.
  • Any substance for use in an application in which size reduction is preferable can be processed by the disclosed system and method of using force fields, including magnetism, during the processing to obtain the smallest possible particulate matter as a final product.
  • the present invention can advantageously be used on micro particles, nano particles or other sizes.
  • the present invention is employed in conjunction with nano particles and nano particle producing devices.
  • the present invention provides a method for obtaining nano particles of a desirable size distribution by exposing the nano particles, each having either a negative, positive or neutral charge associated therewith, to a magnetic field upon egress from a nano particle manufacturing process.
  • the exposure occurs substantially immediately upon the particle expulsion from manufacturing.
  • exposure to the magnetic field can be made to occur during the manufacturing process with similar results.
  • the particles respond to being exposed to magnetic forces by separating into streams or layers.
  • a method in accordance with the present invention also includes filtering the separated groups of particles by size or ionic charge for later use in nano technology applications.
  • the present invention is also directed to a device having an inlet port in fluid communication with the outlet from a nano particle manufacturing process for receiving processed nano particles therefrom, a tubular body in fluid communication with the inlet port for receiving the nano particles, an apparatus operatively associated with the tubular body for producing a magnetic field within the tubular body, means associated with the apparatus for controlling the magnitude and extent of the magnetic field produced within the tubular body, an outlet port in fluid communication with the tubular body, and a filtering apparatus in fluid communication with the outlet port for receiving streams of particles affected by exposure to the magnetic field and filtering the streams by charge, which effectively filters the stream by particle size since the neutral particles are usually smaller than the positive or negative particles.
  • Another exemplary embodiment of the present invention includes a device having an inlet port connected to the output of a nano particulate matter manufacturing process for receiving the output stream thereof, a tubular body in fluid communication with the inlet port, an apparatus operatively associated with the tubular body for creating a magnetic field within the tubular body, means associated with the apparatus for controlling the magnitude and extent of the magnetic field created within the tubular body, an outlet port in fluid communication with the tubular body, and a filtering apparatus in fluid communication with the outlet port of the tubular body for receiving the separated streams of particles and sorting the particles by charge, which often results in the particles being sorted by size as well.
  • the output particles from a nano manufacturing process enter into the tubular body through the inlet port and are exposed to one or more electro magnetic or magnetic fields.
  • a first layer contains particles that generally exhibit movement in a first direction in response to the magnetic field
  • a middle layer contains particles that are static in that they exhibit no movement in response to the magnetic field
  • a third layer contains particles that generally move in a second direction in response to the magnetic field, wherein the particles of the first and third layer are oppositely charged and the first and second directions of movement are opposite with respect to each other.
  • the originally neutral particles which are generally of a smaller size than the negatively or positively charged particles, are collected for use in nano technology applications, such as for example, integrated circuits, lubricants, coatings, aerospace, and medical applications.
  • the present disclosure is also directed to a system for providing particulate matter of a desirable size distribution, wherein the particulate matter produced by a particulate matter producing device is in the form of an aggregate stream including negatively charged, positively charged, and neutral particles or particles with no effective charge.
  • the particulate matter is exposed to a magnetic field sufficient in magnitude and extent to cause the positively charged particles to be drawn from the particulate matter to form a stream of positively charged particles and the negatively charged particles to be drawn from the particulate matter to form a stream of negatively charged particles.
  • the particles and particulate matter are in the nano or micro size range.
  • the system can include a filter device for filtering the stream of the positively charged particles and the stream of negatively charged particles from the remaining particulate matter, and also a device for collecting the remaining neutral particles or particles with no effective charge.
  • the system can further include a device for controlling the magnitude and extent of the magnetic field.
  • the system includes an output port in fluid communication with the particulate matter producing device for receiving the aggregate stream of particulate matter and a magnetic field generator for producing a magnetic field within the output port.
  • the present disclosure is also directed to a method for providing particulate matter of a desirable size distribution, wherein the particulate matter is produced by a particulate matter producing device is in the form of an aggregate stream including negatively charged, positively charged, and neutral particles or particles with no effective charge.
  • the method of the present invention includes the steps of exposing the particulate matter to a magnetic field sufficient in magnitude and extent to cause the positively charged particles to be drawn from the particulate matter to form a stream of positively charged particles and the negatively charged particles to be drawn from the particulate matter to form a stream of negatively charged particles.
  • the particles and particulate matter are in the nano or micro size range.
  • the aforementioned method can also include the step of separating the streams of positively charged particles and negatively charged particles from the remaining neutral particles or particles with no effective charge.
  • the method of the present invention can further include the step of collecting the remaining neutral particles or particles with no effective charge.
  • the present invention is directed to another system for providing nano particulate matter of a desirable size distribution, which includes a device for producing an aggregate of particulate matter that includes negatively charged, positively charged, and neutral or particles with no effective charge, a device for producing a magnetic field sufficient in magnitude and extent to cause the negatively and positively charged particles to be physically drawn therefrom and a filtration device for filtering the negatively and positively charged particles from the remaining neutral or particles with no effective charge.
  • the aggregate particulate matter is exposed to the magnetic field created by the magnetic field producing device and the negatively and positively charged particles are then filtered from the aggregate particulate matter by the filtration device.
  • the particulate matter and particles are in the nano or micro size range.
  • This system can also include a control device for controlling the magnitude and extent of the magnetic field.
  • the system can include an output port for receiving the aggregate of particulate matter.
  • the magnetic field producing device can be configured to create a magnetic field within the output port and the filtration device is in fluid communication with the output port.
  • the system can further include a device in fluid communication with the filtration device for collecting the remaining neutral particles or particles with no effective charge.
  • the present disclosure is also directed to a method for providing particulate matter of a desirable size distribution, that includes the steps of producing an aggregate of particulate matter that includes negatively charged, positively charged, and neutral or particles with no effective charge, exposing the aggregate particulate matter to a magnetic field sufficient in magnitude and extent to cause the negatively and positively charged particles to be physically drawn away therefrom, and filtering the negatively and positively charged particles from the remaining neutral or particles with no effective charge.
  • the particles and particulate matter are in the nano or micro size range.
  • a system or method in accordance with the present invention may be incorporated in a nano manufacturing device, or as an additional stage of an existing process for producing nano sized particles, or both, but is not limited to any specific manufacturing process.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic of an exemplary system constructed in accordance with the present invention that utilizes the method of the present invention for producing and sorting nano particulate matter
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic of a prior art system for producing nano particulate matter
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic of the exemplary system of Fig. 1 providing a simplified illustration of the manner in which nano particulate matter can be sorted in accordance with the present invention.
  • the charge typically develops as a result of mechanical forces applied to the materials.
  • Various materials react in different ways, most often exhibiting ionic behavior immediately following manufacturing. This ionic behavior is known to be the cause for certain subsequent recombinant behavior in the particles.
  • particles exiting from a micro or nano particulate manufacturing device as newly formed particulate matter will include particles having negative charges, particles having positive charges, and particles possessing no effective charge.
  • the exiting particles will be of a large particle size distribution, although the neutral particles are generally smaller overall than the particles having negative or positive charges. It has been found that, very soon after exiting from manufacturing, the particles with opposing charges (i.e., positive and negative) attract each other and combine to form a new, larger particle.
  • the negative and positive charges are neutralized and this newly formed particle will be of a neutral charge.
  • Such recombinant behavior results in an output stream that will very quickly consist primarily of two different types of neutral particles.
  • the first type of neutral particle being the original manufactured particle which had no charge
  • the second type of particle being a neutral but larger particle formed after processing by the combination of original negatively and positively charged particles .
  • the original neutral particles are generally smaller than the charged particles.
  • the second type of neutral particle having been formed by the attraction of two oppositely charged particles, will usually be greater than twice the size of the first type or original neutral particle. This poses a problem because the smaller particles are generally more desirable for nano technology applications.
  • the present invention solves this problem by providing a system and method for separating the nano particles after manufacture to prevent any undesirable recombinant behavior, such as that described above, from occurring in the effluent line of the manufacturing process.
  • a system and method are provided for using magnetic forces to separate the particles by ionic charge, or lack thereof, after their manufacture, which prevents any recombinant behavior that might have unfavorable effects on particle size, among other things.
  • the separation of particles occurs substantially immediately after their manufacture.
  • a system and method in accordance with the present invention comprises exposing the particle output of a size reduction process, and in particular, a nano particulate matter manufacturing process, to a magnetic field of suitable magnitude.
  • Fig. 1 a nano particulate producing and sorting system constructed in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the subject invention and designated generally by reference numeral 10.
  • System 10 generally includes a device 12 for producing nano particulate matter which is in fluid communication with an output 14.
  • device 12 can be any device capable of producing nano particulate matter, such as a microfluidizer, because the system and method of the present invention can be used in conjunction with any nano particle producing device.
  • Output 14 includes a magnetic field producing device 16 which is controlled by a control device 18 in communication therewith for controlling the magnetic field formed in output 14.
  • the magnetic field producing device 16 can be any device capable of producing a magnetic field of a magnitude greater than that of the Earth's natural magnetic field, or otherwise sufficient to cause nano particulate matter in a portion of output 14 to act as described herein. It has been found that different materials require the use of different magnitudes of magnetic (or electrical) forces to control the separation of material by ionic charge.
  • control device 18 is preferably capable of adapting and controlling the magnitude and extent of the applied magnetic forces, among other things. Generally, the reaction of the particles to the magnetic forces is quite evident and can facilitate selection of a suitable threshold magnitude at which the particle response is optimized for sorting.
  • control device 18 can also control the placement of the magnetic field in output 14 and further allows the strength of the field and poles to be adjusted to achieve the best yield of material possible.
  • a filtration device 20 for separating nano particulates affected by the magnetic field is adjacent the portion of output 14 in which a magnetic field is created by device 16.
  • Filtration device 20 is at least partially in fluid communication with a collection device 22 for collecting nano particulates have a neutral or no net charge.
  • prior art systems included a nano particulate producing device 12 and an output 14, in which particulate matter within the nano size range, but of various sizes nonetheless, would be mixed together and collected as shown.
  • FIG. 3 illustrates system 10 in operation and the nano particulate matter forming streams of similarly sized particles in the area within output 14 wherein a magnetic field is produced by device 16. Exposure to the magnetic field causes the positively charged nano particulate matter to form a first stream or layer, the negatively charged nano particulate matter to form a second stream or layer opposing the first stream, while the neutral (and smaller) nano particulate matter are not affected and thus remain in place to form a third stream or layer in between the first and second.
  • the layers enter filtration device 20 wherein they are separated and filtered so that only the neutral particles are collected by device 22.
  • the positively and negatively charged particles may also be collected for recycling into system 10 or use in other applications.
  • the exemplary device and method discussed above or other devices and methods in accordance with the present invention may be utilized within a new system or as a secondary process to an existing manufacturing operation.
  • application of the present invention as a method or device is not limited to a particular method of manufacture of the nano technology materials, which may be through any means, such as by grinding or microfluidizing processes.
  • the present invention is incorporated within a nano manufacturing device, and employed during the production of nano particles.
  • magnetic fields can be created at the convergence of one or more flow channels within a manufacturing device for creating nano size particles, such as that described in U.S. Patent No 6,221,332, which is incorporated herein by reference.
  • a device constructed in accordance with the present invention may incorporate magnetic fields in multiple locations, including within the nano manufacturing device and as secondary treatment of the output stream from the device.
  • the methodology of the present invention can apply to any field where small size is of benefit including, but not limited to, integrated circuits, lubricants, coatings, aerospace, superconductors, abrasive silica, recording media, photographic emulsions, pigment synthesis and medical applications.
  • the present invention may also be used for improving the performance of planarization media, and in the development and production of pharmaceutical products.

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  • Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un système et un procédé destinés à la séparation de matières particulaires par charge ionique et/ou par taille. Ce système et ce procédé permettent d'obtenir des matières particulaires avec une composition granulométrique désirée, les matières particulaires produites par un dispositif de production de matières particulaires se présentant sous forme d'un agrégat continu composé de particules chargées négativement, chargées positivement et neutres. Le procédé consiste à exposer l'agrégat continu de matières particulaires à un champ magnétique pour retirer physiquement les particules chargées positivement et les particules chargées négativement de l'agrégat de matières particulaires, pour ne laisser que les particules neutres généralement plus petites. Le système et le procédé de l'invention sont particulièrement bien adaptés pour les matières particulaires et les particules nanométriques.
PCT/US2004/029654 2003-09-12 2004-09-13 Systeme et procede destines a la fabrication et au tri de matieres nanoparticulaires WO2005025753A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US50243303P 2003-09-12 2003-09-12
US60/502,433 2003-09-12

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2005025753A1 true WO2005025753A1 (fr) 2005-03-24

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Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0670185A2 (fr) * 1994-01-24 1995-09-06 LANSDORP, Peter, M. Dispositif pour la séparation de cellules marquées magnétiquement
US6355166B1 (en) * 1994-08-25 2002-03-12 The University Of Iowa Research Foundation Magnetically enhanced composite materials and methods for making and using the same
WO2003039753A1 (fr) * 2001-11-05 2003-05-15 President And Fellows Of Harvard College Systeme et procede pour capturer et positionner des particules

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0670185A2 (fr) * 1994-01-24 1995-09-06 LANSDORP, Peter, M. Dispositif pour la séparation de cellules marquées magnétiquement
US6355166B1 (en) * 1994-08-25 2002-03-12 The University Of Iowa Research Foundation Magnetically enhanced composite materials and methods for making and using the same
WO2003039753A1 (fr) * 2001-11-05 2003-05-15 President And Fellows Of Harvard College Systeme et procede pour capturer et positionner des particules

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