WO2005024732A1 - Systeme et procede permettant de fournir un controle sans grille et de traiter des personnes qui entrent ou sortent de zones securisees ou traversent des frontieres - Google Patents

Systeme et procede permettant de fournir un controle sans grille et de traiter des personnes qui entrent ou sortent de zones securisees ou traversent des frontieres Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2005024732A1
WO2005024732A1 PCT/AU2004/001207 AU2004001207W WO2005024732A1 WO 2005024732 A1 WO2005024732 A1 WO 2005024732A1 AU 2004001207 W AU2004001207 W AU 2004001207W WO 2005024732 A1 WO2005024732 A1 WO 2005024732A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
person
area
point
passenger
authorised
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/AU2004/001207
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English (en)
Inventor
Peter Reeves
Original Assignee
Intercard Wireless Limited
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from AU2003904901A external-priority patent/AU2003904901A0/en
Application filed by Intercard Wireless Limited filed Critical Intercard Wireless Limited
Publication of WO2005024732A1 publication Critical patent/WO2005024732A1/fr

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07C—TIME OR ATTENDANCE REGISTERS; REGISTERING OR INDICATING THE WORKING OF MACHINES; GENERATING RANDOM NUMBERS; VOTING OR LOTTERY APPARATUS; ARRANGEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS FOR CHECKING NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • G07C9/00—Individual registration on entry or exit
    • G07C9/30—Individual registration on entry or exit not involving the use of a pass
    • G07C9/32—Individual registration on entry or exit not involving the use of a pass in combination with an identity check
    • G07C9/37—Individual registration on entry or exit not involving the use of a pass in combination with an identity check using biometric data, e.g. fingerprints, iris scans or voice recognition
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07C—TIME OR ATTENDANCE REGISTERS; REGISTERING OR INDICATING THE WORKING OF MACHINES; GENERATING RANDOM NUMBERS; VOTING OR LOTTERY APPARATUS; ARRANGEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS FOR CHECKING NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • G07C9/00—Individual registration on entry or exit
    • G07C9/20—Individual registration on entry or exit involving the use of a pass
    • G07C9/22—Individual registration on entry or exit involving the use of a pass in combination with an identity check of the pass holder
    • G07C9/25—Individual registration on entry or exit involving the use of a pass in combination with an identity check of the pass holder using biometric data, e.g. fingerprints, iris scans or voice recognition
    • G07C9/257—Individual registration on entry or exit involving the use of a pass in combination with an identity check of the pass holder using biometric data, e.g. fingerprints, iris scans or voice recognition electronically

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a system and/or method providing control and electronic processing of persons, for example, a security control system or method of processing, and in particular, to an improved border or secure area control system and/or method for directing, processing and/or controlling individuals, for example passengers.
  • checkpoints for example Immigration checkpoints in an airport
  • Checkpoints exist in many situations, for example, railway stations, airport terminals, land crossings, ports, building entrances, secure areas, etc.
  • tourism contributes significant revenue to many countries and tourists impressions and experiences at Immigration can be important in terms of generating continuing tourism based revenue.
  • Efficiency must be balanced against security considerations. Crowd management, general access control, room access control, etc. are also important areas requiring security controls.
  • reaction point' and 'verification station' are used interchangeably herein to describe the regulatory equipment/processes used to identify, verify and assess a person's right to pass a checkpoint, for example to enter a country via a border crossing.
  • users In a networked data communications system, users have access to terminals which are capable of requesting and receiving information from local or remote information sources.
  • a terminal may be a type of processing system, computer or computerised device, a personal computer (PC), a mobile data terminal, a portable computer, a thin client, or any other similar type of electronic device.
  • the capability of the terminal to request and/or receive information can be provided by an application program, hardware or other such entity.
  • a terminal may be provided with associated devices, for example a storage device such as a hard disk drive or solid state drive.
  • An information source may be a server or any other type of terminal coupled to an information storage device.
  • the exchange of information i.e., the request and/or receipt of information
  • the communication channel can be physically realised via a metallic cable (for example, a telephone line), semi-conducting cable, electromagnetic signal, optical fibre cable, satellite link or any other such medium or combination thereof connected to a network infrastructure.
  • a computer network as referenced in this specification should be taken to include all forms of connected or communicating computers or terminals having at least two terminals adapted to communicate with each other. That is, the term computer network should be taken to include any type of terminal, computer, computerised device, peripheral computer equipment, computerised accessory, mobile or cellular phone, digital electronic device or other similar type of computerised electronic device or part thereof which is rendered such that it is capable of communicating with at least one of any of the aforementioned entities.
  • the communication of information or data can occur over any computer network, data communications network, telecommunications network, wireless network, internetwork, intranetwork, LAN, WAN, the Internet and developments thereof, transient or temporary network, combinations of the above or any other type of network providing for communication between computerised, electronic or digital devices.
  • the present invention can be applied to a flow of people in many circumstances, where each person must be checked or processed to verify the person's authority to enter a certain area or cross a certain boundary.
  • the present invention is applicable to passenger control at Immigration, however, the reader will appreciate that the present invention could be readily applied to other situations requiring the directing, processing and/or controlling of individuals, for example at the entrance or exit to a building, entertainment arena, secure area, ship or boat, transport terminal, school or university, place of work, or many other such places.
  • a person can provide other electronically readable documentation, if such documentation is required at all, such as, for example, a drivers license, identity card, membership card, access card, credit card, security token or the like.
  • a method of providing access control of a person attempting to move from a first area to a second area including the steps of: obtaining a list of persons authorised to enter the second area, the list including stored biometric information; obtaining biometric information from the person, using at least one biometric reader, as the person moves through an identification area provided between the first area and the second area; comparing in a processing system the obtained biometric information with the stored biometric information and attempting to identify the person; directing the person past a checkpoint provided with a display to inform an authorised officer of the result of the identification attempt; and, if the person is identified and authorised, allowing the person to proceed to the second area, or if the person is not identified and authorised, directing the person to a further processing area.
  • a system for providing access control of a person attempting to move from a first area to a second area including: (1) an identification area provided between the first area and the second area; (2) at least one biometric reader to obtain biometric information from the person as the person moves through the identification area; (3) a processing system adapted to: receive a list of persons authorised to enter the second area, the list including stored biometric information; compare the obtained biometric information with the stored biometric information and attempt to identify the person; and, (4) a checkpoint provided with a display to inform an authorised officer of the result of the identification attempt; wherein, if the person is identified and authorised, the person is allowed to proceed to the second area, or if the person is not identified and authorised, the person is directed to a further processing area.
  • biometric identification systems besides facial recognition, can be implemented with the present systems, for example fingerprint or iris recognition, by incorporating appropriate recognition software and hardware.
  • Fig. 1 illustrates an example perspective view of the F-Point and S-Point systems according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • Fig. 2 illustrates an example sectional view of the F-Point and S-Point systems according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • Fig. 3 illustrates an example of the Passenger Interface Unit (PIU) according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • Fig. 4 illustrates an example plan view of the F-Point system configured as a four gate array according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • Fig. 5 illustrates an example perspective view of the S-Point system according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • Fig. 6 illustrates an example plan view of the S-Point system according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • Fig. 7 illustrates an example of a possible software architecture according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • Fig. 8 illustrates an example flow chart of the process steps for providing automated processing according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • Fig. 9 illustrates an example flow chart (continued from Fig. 8) of the process steps for providing automated processing according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • Fig. 10 illustrates an example flow chart (continued from Fig. 9) of the process steps for providing automated processing according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • Fig. 11 illustrates an example flow chart (continued from Fig. 10) of the process steps for providing automated processing according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • Fig. 12 illustrates an example of the transaction delivery sequence according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • T-Point A Trust Point (herein referred to as T-Point) is a known system using an electronic passport reader to allow the introduction of SC37/ICAO (International Civil Aviation Authority) standards for face recognition processing. This design is considered to provide a low level of physical security due to the nature of peoples movements in front of a kiosk (eg. a Immigration desk) and should only be relied upon for use by trusted passengers.
  • SC37/ICAO International Civil Aviation Authority
  • a Flow Point (herein referred to as F-Point) is an alternate design with a single exit and is illustrated in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2.
  • the F-Point provides a semi-automated border control system, in that a Nord officer is required to direct any 'exception' passengers but ' cleared' passengers can pass through in an automated manner, h a specific example, the side gate enclosure 100 can be less than 200mm wide.
  • the F-Point is designed to be face recognition friendly with only a single vertical structural support for a Passenger Interface Unit 110 and a light over display.
  • the entry gates 120 shown in Figs. 1 and 2 are optional and can be included into the passenger flow control processing logic.
  • a Secure Point (herein referred to as S-Point) is an improvement that extends the F-Point concept and can be used for secure processing of persons with face recognition.
  • the S-Point can also utilises the design embodiments illustrated in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2.
  • a Virtual Point (herein referred to as N-Point) does not require a fixed physical transaction point or gate for the processing of passengers.
  • the N-Point can make use of arrays of passenger tracking systems providing a virtual transaction point or gate.
  • D-Point Decision Point
  • OCR Optical Character Recognition
  • the application could also be used to actively monitor and control various transaction points that may be in use (that is T-Points, F-Points, S-Points and/or N-Points), to assist passengers using transaction points, and to set the operational state of a transaction point(s) to 'in service' or 'out of service'.
  • a D-Point can be designed to a variety of requirements.
  • a Passenger Tracking System may also be utilised that is capable of being used within and around various transaction points so as to monitor passenger physical movements and thereby increases physical border security.
  • the passenger tracking system lends itself to provide an additional level of security.
  • the F-Point when utilised in a Nord Generation context, can include:
  • a single gate array 100 that can be installed in multiple instances and which can be controlled by a single Immigration officer operating a D-Point;
  • a Passenger Tracking System that provides passenger movement information, such as when two or more passengers are in the gate enclosure at any one time or if a passenger has left luggage in the gate enclosure;
  • a compact Passenger Interface Unit (PIU) 110 that is intuitive and non-intrusive to a passenger, and is face recognition friendly. The PIU can automatically adjust to a passenger's height by moving the PIU to be at passenger face height.
  • the PIU 110 includes: (A) A linear polarised backlit display 310 to provide uniform light on a passenger's face, which in conjunction with a linear filter over the camera lens, reduces/eliminates glare on glasses; (B) A compact LCD display 320 and speaker to provide visual/audio cues to the passenger; and, (C) A camera (not illustrated) to capture a video stream to be processed by a software application on a Biometric Processing Unit;
  • An electronic document reader 130 for example an ISO14443 Type B contactless chip reader that is compliant and tested with ICAO standards for face and fingerprint recognition processing requirements
  • An Overhead Information System (OIS) that provides uniform and diffused down lighting over the gate area, visual cues by way of illuminated graphics to passengers (such as enter, stop, out of service, etc.), and status indicators to provide visual cues to the Immigration officer manning a holding area on the processing status of a gate array comprising F-Points;
  • An Operational Control and Monitoring System allowing remote monitoring and control of the F-Point, providing status, alarms, warnings and control of the F- Point, as well as recording access and maintenance functions performed by authorised technicians;
  • An interface to a D-Point unit being, for example, a PC based application incorporating: (A) A touch screen, a PC, a keyboard and/or a mouse; (B) An interface with the Immigration Entry/Exit Authorisation system; (C) An OCR passport reader (optional); and, (D) An electronic document reader; which allows a Immigration officer to monitor and control the F-Point as well as allowing manual processing of passengers who are referred to the holding areas; (9) A Biometric Control Unit (BCU) including a computer processing system, for example a PC, a UPS and control software for controlling: (A) The customer interacting with the electronic document reader to access ICAO face image and passport information; (B) The biometric processing and sequencing with the passenger interface unit; (C) The systems interface to the Immigration Entry/
  • the F-Point affords a medium level of passenger movement assurance in that the design is a semi-automated border control system flow requiring little or no manual intervention by a Immigration officer during the normal processing phase. Exception passengers are held in the gate until the Immigration officer acknowledges that the passenger in the gate requires to be processed manually. The Immigration officer acknowledges this by either pressing a button (identified by a gate number) or by interacting with a touch screen in the appropriate D-Point application design.
  • the F-Point can classify the passenger as an exception and raise a 'direct the passenger to the holding area' to the Immigration officer, thereby avoiding congestion of the F-Point.
  • left and right gate arrays operate independently of each other.
  • the F-Point knows that no one is in the gate area.
  • the entry gates if entry gates are provided
  • the exit gates are closed, hi gate occupied mode, passenger processing occurs. If, at any time, the processing fails, the passenger can be treated as an exception passenger.
  • the controlling Immigration officer can be informed audibly and visually of the exception, and be required to acknowledge the exception message raised in that gate by either: (1) Basic D-Point - pushing a button matched to the gate number in question which can open the exit gate; (2) Advanced D-Point - pushing a button on a touch screen display on the D-Point mounted on their workstation (which can also provide details of the exception that occurred) which opens the exit gate.
  • the exit gate closes and the gate is considered to be in gate clear mode.
  • ETD Electronic Travel Document
  • F-Point (A) Automatically closes the entry gate (optional); (B) Registers the height of the passenger entering the gate area; (C) Adjusts the height of the PIU such that the PIU moves to the same level as the passenger's face; (D) Displays on the LCD display in the PIU a series of graphics or streamed video to direct the passenger to place their ETD on the reader; (E) Starts the timeout loop counter on the inactivity period.
  • Results The passenger either: (I) Valid: Passes biometric processing; or (J) Exception: Face is not found and the passenger is treated as an exception passenger - biometric timeout delay; (K) Exception: Face is found but does not meet the threshold level — biometric timeout delay; (L) Exception: Face is found but the level of recognition is extremely low (configurable) - warning raised.
  • Fig. 4 illustrates a F-Point four gate array, constructed of either complete F-Point units 100 with half entry gate flaps, or sectional F-Point units arranged with full entry gate flaps.
  • Each F-Point passenger gate section 410 directs a passenger past a PIU 110.
  • Exit gates 420 open after processing to allow a Immigration officer 430 to direct a passenger to a holding area 440 for manual processing, if required.
  • a Secure Point (or S-Point) is designed to be used by passengers to facilitate relatively fast and secure processing of passengers with electronic travel documents.
  • S-Points are preferably installed as a tandem array of two gate lanes.
  • an S- Point 500 is an arrangement of two F-Points which have been improved to include entry gates 510 with the addition of a holding area 520 and associated interlocking gate logic and a D-Point 530 (optional).
  • An S-Point can use the document reader 130 and PIU 110 as described for the F-Point.
  • S-Point is a security access control method and system allowing for a fully automated and secure subject identification and verification processing system for subjects attempting to pass through a secure line (such as passengers crossing an immigration primary line at an airport or land-crossing) using personal identification technologies (such as a combination of tokens and biometric access control technologies) incorporating verification stations, interlocking of subject direction gates and sensors providing a high flow through rate of subjects, augmented by exception processing controls that direct subjects to a holding area which is operated by an authorised officer (person(s)), for additional processing while allowing the system to continue processing subsequent subjects normally.
  • a secure line such as passengers crossing an immigration primary line at an airport or land-crossing
  • personal identification technologies such as a combination of tokens and biometric access control technologies
  • interlocking of subject direction gates and sensors providing a high flow through rate of subjects
  • exception processing controls that direct subjects to a holding area which is operated by an authorised officer (person(s)), for additional processing while allowing the system to continue processing subsequent subjects normally.
  • S-Point includes a software logic and automated control program combined with personal identification and verification technologies incorporating a left hand and right hand verification station. Also included is an array of sensors to determine whether an area is clear or occupied and which direction a subject is moving and two enclosed gate control areas in an array. A controlled secure area featuring an entry and exit point and side walls that are sufficiently high to not allow subjects to pass objects to other subjects is also provided. The walls contain the subject while identification / verification processing is being performed.
  • an entry gate that either allows (in the open position) or disallows (in the closed position) a subject to enter the identification/verification station dependant on whether the prior subject is being processed and an exit gate that either contains the subject while the subject is being processed (in the closed position) or which open to allow the passenger to proceed forward to clear the verification station.
  • a holding area automatically controlled by S-Point and operated by an authorised officer using a system of interlocking gates includes two control gates (one for each verification station) which operate independently allowing subject processing to continue, operating in one of three gated positions (closed, open and blocked). This directs passengers through the primary line on the condition they have been verified and cleared to pass through by the system (control gate remains in the closed position - the default position), or to the holding area for exception subjects if they have not been recognized or cleared by the system (control gate swings from open position to blocked position directing subject into holding area and then swings back to closed position once the subject has entered the holding area to allow the verification station to continue processing other subjects ).
  • a Decision Point includes a PC system with a token reader and operated by an authorised officer allows for manual enquiries and verification processing of exception subjects who have been subsequently cleared to exit the holding area under the direction and control of the authorised officer. Such persons proceed past the primary line through one of the control gates (by the exit gate in the verification station remaining closed while the control gate swings from closed position to open position to allow the subject to move out of the holding area and past the primary line at which time the control gate returns to the closed position allowing the verification station to continue processing other subjects.
  • the subject passes through an access gate controlled by an authorised officer to escort 'at risk' subjects to another location, such as a secure office, for further processing. This may be supervised by one or two authorised officers.
  • S-Point provides fully automated and secure handling of three types of subjects who are processed normally and allowed entry by the system (normal processing), and are not processed normally and require secondary consideration to gain entry (exception processing). This may be due to the subject not being recognised by the system for the following reasons (in which case the system can, after a configurable timeout period, allow the verification station to automatically direct the subject to the holding area for manual processing): the inability of the system to validate the subject in system databases or information systems the system draws upon; the inability of the system to successfully process the subject using the biometric validation or combination of biometric validation processes; the subject does not have a token (such as an electronic passport) if so required by system processing; their token (such as an electronic passport) if so required, cannot be read by the system (for reasons such as the positioning or alignment of the token by the subject to the token reader, a malfunction or failure of the token itself or the subject has not placed their token onto the token reader and hence camiot be assessed); or the subject is recognised but is not permitted to pass the primary line due to restrictions on entry mandate
  • the S-Point when utilised in a Vietnamese context, can include: (1) A tandem gate design 500, gates are installed in pairs with a holding area 520 and can be controlled by a single Immigration officer 540;
  • a Passenger Tracking System that provides passenger movement information, such as when two or more passengers are in the gate enclosure at any one time or if a passenger has left luggage in the gate enclosure;
  • a compact Passenger Interface Unit (PIU) 110 that is intuitive and non- intrusive to a passenger, and is face recognition friendly. The PIU can automatically adjust to a passenger's height by moving the PIU to be at passenger face height.
  • the PIU includes: (A) A linear polarised backlit display to provide uniform light on a passenger's face, which in conjunction with a linear filter over the camera lens, reduces/eliminates glare on glasses; (B)A compact LCD display and speaker to provide visual/audio cues to the passenger; and, (C)A camera to capture a video stream to be processed by a software application on a Biometric Processing Unit;
  • An electronic document reader 130 for example an ISO14443 Type B contactless chip reader that is compliant and tested with ICAO standards for face and fingerprint recognition processing requirements;
  • OIS Overhead Information System
  • OCMS Operational Control and Monitoring System
  • An interface to a D-Point unit being, for example, a PC based application incorporating: (A) A touch screen, a PC, a keyboard and/or a mouse; (B) An interface with the Immigration Entry/Exit Authorisation system; (C) An OCR passport reader (optional); and, (D) An electronic document reader; which allows an Immigration officer to monitor and control the S-Point as well as allowing manual processing of passengers who are referred to the holding areas; (9) A Biometric Control Unit (BCU) including a computer processing system, for example a PC, a UPS and control software for controlling: (A) The customer interacting with the electronic document reader to access ICAO face image and passport information; (B) The biometric processing and sequencing with the passenger interface unit; (C) The systems interface to the Immigration Entry/Exit Authorisation system; (D) Communications with servers; (E) Systems interface to the OCMS ; (F) Logic control of the swing gates and sensor arrays; (G)The movement of a passenger within the gate by the passenger tracking system
  • the S-Point affords the highest level of passenger movement assurance in that the design is a fully automated border control system requiring no manual intervention by a Immigration officer 540 in the processing phase. Exception passengers (eg. 570) are automatically directed into a holding area immediately in front of the exception processing workstation on the primary line.
  • the Immigration officer directs the passenger using either a control gate 560 to exit between the primary line workstations or an access gate 580 so as to be escorted by another Immigration officer back into the queue area.
  • the gate lane exit gates 590 do not operate (gates are interlocked), which means that a passenger being processed by the S-Point 500 cannot interfere with the cleared exception passenger being direct out of the holding area by the Immigration officer.
  • the control gates 560 can thus be in three alternate states of open, blocked or closed as illustrated.
  • the S-Point can classify the passenger as an exception and direct the passenger to the holding area 520, thereby avoiding congestion of the S-Point.
  • the left and right gate arrays operate independently of each other, as does the operation of the control gate.
  • the only exception is the interlocking of the exit gate and the control gate of the same gate array in the event that two passengers are attempting movements at the same time.
  • the S-Point knows that no one is in the gate area.
  • the entry gates are open and the exit gates are closed.
  • gate occupied mode passenger processing occurs. If at any time the processing fails, the passenger can be treated as an exception passenger.
  • the control gate on the gate array swings into the blocked position, the exit gate then opens and the passenger is directed by the LCD of the PIU to proceed into the holding area. If a D-Point is configured, a message is sent to the Immigration officer operating the D-Point about the nature of the exception and any other available information related to the cause of the exception.
  • a gate clear timeout commences, (configurable, say 3 seconds);
  • B) The gate control application checks that the control gate is not being operated by the Immigration officer, if it is then processing waits until the Immigration operation is completed;
  • Each of the T-Point, F-Point and S-Point designs can use a single basic D-Point configuration which comprises an array of contact switches and indicator lights mounted into a workstation on the primary line that allows the Immigration officer manning the workstation to control the operation of the gates (indicators and switches are supplied for each gate in the gate array installed) and to be advised that an exception passenger has occurred.
  • Intrusion alarms can be recorded by the BCU to a log file, and basic alarm and warning states can be shown on indicators or by audible alarm.
  • a D-Point could run on a PC (or multiple PCs) which allows the Immigration control officer to be fully informed as to the processing stages and to be able to control each of the gates in the gate array.
  • a PC or multiple PCs
  • Such an application could run on a PC with a touchscreen interface, and/or a keyboard/mouse to enter or select information. Control may be by touching a soft switch on the touchscreen to select a specific gate, to drill down for information on the gate, and to review the biometric performance of previous transactions.
  • the PTS utilises a series of active infra-red PE Beams and a dedicated microprocessor controller.
  • Two rows of PE beams are installed horizontally on each wall of the immigration gate.
  • the lower row is installed at a height low enough to detect a passenger's hand luggage as well as the lower portion of his/her legs.
  • These lower PE's can also detect luggage which is inadvertently left behind by a passenger.
  • the upper row's main function is to detect the torso. With these two rows combined with a thermal detector mounted overhead each lane it is possible to distinguish between multiple people and luggage.
  • the PTS accepts inputs via the series of upper and lower PE beams (for example between 20 to 28 beams dependant on requirements) together with the thermal detector and digitally filters the raw data. Data is then subjected to a comprehensive series of profile matching algorithms to ascertain the number of persons and/or luggage within the detection area.
  • the status of the PTS is constantly being polled by the biometric control unit application via either a high level serial or low level relay output to direct the operation of the various system elements.
  • the PTS may be a PTS system offered by Magnetic Automation Pty Ltd, of Australia.
  • V-Point Virtual Point
  • a V-Point comprises an arrangement of components of the various transaction points, system interfaces to other external systems, and a control application to track passengers moving through the pre-clearance terminal enclosure.
  • This aspect of the invention involves a secure and automated flow through subject identification and verification process that allows for relatively rapid processing of subjects without controlled gated areas, and the flexibility to allow an authorised authority to have as many Decision Points (D-Points) operating as required without taking up valuable floor space or resources.
  • D-Points Decision Points
  • the invention seeks to identify subjects in a tunnelled or restricted free format area and then to track subjects through a wide controlled area using a matrix array of coordinated infra-red sensors mounted throughout the controlled area.
  • the system is able to reliably inform whether the subject approaching the Decision Point is the person identified in a manifest list within the threshold limits set by the system, or the system does not identify the subject.
  • the Passenger Tracking System makes appropriate decisions if the subject attempts to either knowingly or unknowingly change positions with another person by either de- identifying both persons are by re-acquiring their identities.
  • the system can perform additional checks such as, is this person authorised to pass through the access line and so inform the authorised officer.
  • the Passenger Tracking System can identify a mother and child in close proximity by the head heat signature of each person.
  • V-Point is a security access control method and system allowing for the fully automated, rapid and secure identification and verification processing of subjects attempting to pass through a secure line (such as passengers crossing an immigration primary line at an airport or land-crossing), using personal identification technologies (such as a combination of tokens and biometric access control technologies and specifically biometric face recognition) thereby allowing subjects to be identified by non proximity readers (such as an array of roof mounted cameras to capture the subject's face image while they come down a channelled area prior to entering a larger area such as immigration clearance).
  • a secure line such as passengers crossing an immigration primary line at an airport or land-crossing
  • personal identification technologies such as a combination of tokens and biometric access control technologies and specifically biometric face recognition
  • the subject is processed and matched against a range of biometric enrolment identifiers provided on manifest lists that accommodate the subjects arrival in a group or individually (such as passenger flight manifest containing a biometric enrolment image or biometric template), such that subjects are identified prior to approaching the primary line.
  • Subjects are then tracked by the system wherever they move prior to approaching an authorised officer provided with a computer system that can be used to identify the subject to the authorised officer for final visual confirmation of the subject for secure line processing.
  • the Passenger Tracking System used can incorporate infra-red sensing technology.
  • V-Track A software application (herein referred to as V-Track), running on a hardware platform, co-ordinates and tracks the movements of passengers once they have been identified using an array of passenger tracking systems (known as tracking cells).
  • the PTS incorporates infrared sensing technology and is able to distinguish a mother with child by tracking a head heat signature for each person.
  • the PTS may be a PTS system offered by Magnetic Automation Pty Ltd, of Australia.
  • V-Point includes: (1) A flight manifest/list (or watch list) of passengers including an ICAO compliant enrolment image of arriving passengers; (2) A predefined area (the identification area) where individual passengers can be identified by use of face recognition technology using 'face in a crowd' techniques referenced against the flight manifest; (3) A predefined area (the tracking area) which represents the area limits in which a passenger can wander before being cleared on the primary line. A passenger cannot be allowed to wander outside of the tracking area if they are to be cleared by the V-Point system. (4) A D-Point, or multiple D-Points, that provide immediate and intuitive information to a Immigration officer as passengers approach the D-Point, which allows the Immigration officer to direct the passenger appropriately to additional processing options relevant to the extent that the V-Point has processed each passenger.
  • the identification area and the tracking area should overlap and extend upto the D-Point.
  • Flight List The flight list requires a systems interface to one or more of the following systems to provide the ICAO enrolment image to be attached to the watchlist with ETD details: (A) co-operating airlines who may use face recognition systems requiring a passenger to present their ETD at the point of embarkation to ensure baggage and passenger have embarked; (B)port of departure immigration authorities control passing on the required information; or (C) authorities preparing a watch list of citizens with an ETD from a centralised database.
  • the identification area includes an array of PTSs and a number of high quality PTZ cameras being ceiling or wall mounted. For practical sizing estimates, cells should overlap with each cell preferably covering a maximum 2500mm x 2000mm of floor area, which represents the nominal coverage of a PTS. The number of PTZ cameras required is dependent upon requirements, but might nominally be 5 in a tunnelled area. Lighting of this area should also be optimised for face recognition purposes.
  • the tracking area can include an array of PTS.
  • the same maximum cell coverage should preferably apply as for the identification area.
  • the V-Track system places a request to the Immigration Entry/Exit Authorisation system for clearance.
  • the Immigration Entry/Exit Authorisation system interface should not record a movement. The movement should be recorded by the Immigration officer at a D-Point after the passenger has been physically sighted and directed to the clearance aisle.
  • V-Track has both face recognition components and tracking components, and cross checks and internal audit processes to validate watch list entries. V-Track also requires the Immigration officer to visually sight and confirm a passenger clearance.
  • the V-Point processing states that would be notified to the Immigration officer manning a D-Point could include: (A) 'Cleared' - the V-Point has positively identified the passenger in the identification area and has been able to successfully request and receive an immigration clearance for the passenger using a request to the Immigration Entry/Exit Authorisation system generated by information provided from the watch list for that person; (B) 'Not Cleared' - the V-Point has positively identified the passenger in the identification area and has not been able to successfully request and receive an immigration clearance for the passenger using a request to the hnmigration Entry/Exit Authorisation systemgenerated by information provided from the watch list for that person; (C) Exception - the V-Point has not been able to either identify the passenger in the identification area, or the person has moved out of the bounds of the tracking area, or has been 'lost' by the PTS.
  • the D-Point may display either: (A) A red ring meaning the passenger has been processed with an exception state. It would be expected that the passenger: (i) is directed for processing at an S-Point or F-Point if they have an ETD; (ii) is directed to a manual processing point if they do not have an ETD; (B) A green ring meaning the passenger has been identified but not cleared. They have been processed as 'not cleared'.
  • the D-Point can display the following information if the system has been able to identify the subject: (1) The subjects biographical information; (2) an image (face if face recognition) of the enrolment record for the subject; and (3) a coloured ring around the subject's enrolment image, which may be: (A)Red (or other configurable colour) indicates the subject does not have appropriate security clearance.
  • D-Points can be configured that red subjects must move away to the right or the left. If a subject moves in the wrong direction, an audible and/or visual alarm can activate warning the authorised Officer; (B) Green (or other configurable colour) indicates that the subject has been identified by V-Point and has been authorised to proceed past the access line.
  • the authorised officer would acknowledge that they have visually checked the subject's face (and token identification information) against the enrolment information providing on the D-Point screen and allow the subject to pass through the access line; (C)No image or coloured ring indicating that V-Point has not been able to identify the subject.
  • D-Points can be configured that unidentified subjects must move away to the right or the left. If a subject moves in the wrong direction, an audible and/or visual alarm can activate warning the authorised officer.
  • the libraries are can be implemented in Java, using J2EE standards, and provide support for live verification, manual verification, FLR creation and storage, similarity calculation, queuing of transactions and publishing of biometric events using JMS.
  • Figs. 8, 9, 10 and 11 illustrate flow charts for process control in an automated border control system, for example as previously discussed with reference to V-Point. These flowcharts detail specific logic steps that may be utilised and how exception passengers can be handled.
  • the border control system adopts a component and modular based architecture.
  • the system includes the major subsystems of a main capture system and a retrieval system.
  • the main capture system can include registration, assessment, acknowledgment, verification and issuance.
  • the entire application can be automatically moved to the a central host database for final completion of processing and archiving.
  • the 'SmartGate' system supports biometric templates contained on, for example, a passport, as opposed to being stored in a database.
  • the physical architecture of the system (in terms of system nodes), can remain the same as hereinbefore described, with the possible exception of separate servers to host a SQL server database application and other application services. That is, there are two main types of physical component: a SmartGate server and a verification station.
  • Software services can be deployed in the following manner: (A) SmartGate server (1) SQL server 705 (2) J2EE (Java 2 Enterprise Edition) application server 710 (3) Transaction sink 715 (4) Transaction message queue 720 (5) Event topics 725 (6) Configuration server 730 (7) Event monitoring service 735 (8) Reporting service 740 (B) Verification Station (1) Verification service 745 (2) Face recognition processing engine 750 (3) J2EE application server 710 (4) SQL server 705 (eg. Desktop edition) (5) Configuration service 755
  • the advantages of using J2EE and the FaceJN framework include:
  • J2EE defines a standard for integration of a variety of common security frameworks and products, including SSL and PKI implementations; (4) Comparative Biometric Testing - FacelN could allow comparison testing between vendors subject to licensing and uptake of other suppliers SDK; (5) Maintainable - Ease of software deployment and upgrades.
  • SQL Server 2000 Standard edition can be deployed on the SmartGate server.
  • a J2EE application server could be hosted on the SmartGate server to provide enterprise-level, and standards-based services such as:
  • the application server could run other services required for the system as identified in the following sub-sections.
  • a transaction sink 1210 could be a J2EE-based application which stores transactions which have been put on the queue.
  • a transaction message queue can be a JMS (Java Message Service - a J2EE standard for point-to-point and publish-and-subscribe messaging) -based message queue which allows the transactions to be delivered efficiently and transactionally to the server.
  • JMS supports the point-to-point messaging concepts of guaranteed delivery and once-and-once- only delivery.
  • the system could also support local storage of transactions (on the verification station) for the purpose of disaster recovery, allowing the system to "replay" transactions from a particular point in time if data corruption occurs. These transactions could be removed or archived from the verification systems at pre-defined intervals.
  • An event topics service is a JMS-based service that supports the publish-and-subscribe mechanism of enterprise, distributed event handling. Verification stations could "publish” events to different topics, and various components of the event monitoring service could "subscribe” to the various topics. These events could be configured to be stored in a variety of formats, including database, log files or a Windows event log.
  • a configuration server could be a central point of management of verification stations, providing a database of locations and current status of devices.
  • the interface could be web-based, such that those with appropriate security could configure various aspects of the system, including re-starting of individual stations, setting thresholds etc.
  • An event monitoring service could monitor event/alarm topics and either forward on to another service and/or store 1220 the message either in the SQL server 1230 database, or as a text file in a particular format (for example XML).
  • the "other service” could typically be an SNMP (Simple Network Management Protocol)-based service, allowing the system to be monitored by a COTS device monitoring product, such as HP OpenView. This would allow the network manager to have a graphical view of the system, being able to view a high level diagram, and being able to "drill-down" to individual verification station details within, for example, an airport.
  • SNMP Simple Network Management Protocol
  • a reporting system could be defined by a user, for example Immigration. With enterprise-level systems such as business objects, object-schemas could be created that map to the physical database structure to allow intuitive creation of ad-hoc reports from SmartGate data. All data including transaction and event data can be reported.
  • a data summarisation and archiving service could be designed to support data warehouse application.
  • the verification service could contain additional processing of a biometric record obtained from, for example, a passport.
  • a device preferably would include a computer operating system device driver. This is to primarily allow for reduced testing requirements, easier roll-out and the possibility of remote software upgrading of the verification stations.
  • the face recognition processing engine could support the ability to accept an FIR or image from a smartcard on a passport, as opposed to a "token” (eg. the passport details), which requires a database lookup to obtain the FLR.
  • the configuration service is a process running on each verification station which receives messages from the configuration server, running on the SmartGate Server.
  • the configuration service controls the configurable parameters of a station, for example by having direct access to the physical device and manipulating text files.
  • the service allows remote management of the station.
  • a mechanism for the delivery of transactions is to use JMS point-to-point messaging.
  • Transactions from the verification stations 1240 could be stored locally in the SQL server 1230 database and queued locally 1250 to be sent to the SmartGate server.
  • a service on the verification station 1240 would remove the transactions from the local queue 1250 and send them to the SmartGate server via an encrypted queue.
  • the purpose of the intermediate queue is to allow each verification station to be configured to queue transactions to the server at different intervals, and to cater for the situation when the communications to the SmartGate server is down.
  • transactions would not be put 1255 on the encrypted queue 1260 until the server is available.
  • the standard may be no interval - that is, transactions are immediately sent to the SmartGate server, enabling accurate up-to-the-minute status reports. This mechanism is not believed to be a network traffic issue, and hence should not affect the interrogation or "movement" of persons.
  • An electronic document for example an e-passport, life cycle begins with the registration and enrolment process for all new applications.
  • Applications may vary from the type of passport applied for and to whom it is issued. Generally there are three types, diplomatic, official and general. The following includes a list of possible business activities: Issue new passport for expired passport; Issue new passport for missing passport; Issue new passport for an invalid passport due to torn pages; Issue a temporary travel document; Registration approval for rightful applicants; Personal and biometric information data entry; Payment processing and audit trail; Data page printing and chip personalization; Quality assurance after personalization with visual inspection; Passport delivery and issuance with biometric verification to determine biometric in the chip matches that of the legal holder's.
  • the invention may also be said to broadly consist in the parts, elements and features referred to or indicated herein, individually or collectively, in any or all combinations of two or more of the parts, elements or features, and where specific integers are mentioned herein which have known equivalents in the art to which the invention relates, such known equivalents are deemed to be incorporated herein as if individually set forth.

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Abstract

L'invention se rapporte à un procédé et/ou système de contrôle d'accès pour l'identification et la vérification automatiques de sujets qui tentent de franchir une ligne sécurisée (tels des passagers qui franchissent une ligne d'immigration dans un aéroport ou traversent un pays), au moyen d'une identification personnelle (telle une combinaison de signes et d'un contrôle d'accès biométrique), ce qui permet à des lecteurs qui ne sont pas à proximité d'identifier des sujets. Le sujet est traité et mis en correspondance avec une gamme d'identificateurs d'inscription biométrique au moyen d'une liste manifeste, si bien que les sujets sont identifiés avant d'approcher une ligne primaire. Les sujets sont suivis par le système avant d'approcher un officier compétent muni d'un système informatique qui peut servir à identifier le sujet en vue d'une confirmation visuelle finale par l'officier compétent.
PCT/AU2004/001207 2003-09-08 2004-09-08 Systeme et procede permettant de fournir un controle sans grille et de traiter des personnes qui entrent ou sortent de zones securisees ou traversent des frontieres WO2005024732A1 (fr)

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AU2003904901A AU2003904901A0 (en) 2003-09-08 Control system providing electronic processing of passengers
AU2003904900A AU2003904900A0 (en) 2003-09-08 Control system and control application
AU2003904901 2003-09-08
AU2003904902A AU2003904902A0 (en) 2003-09-08 Control system and passenger interface unit
AU2003904902 2003-09-08
AU2003904900 2003-09-08

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DE102015119677A1 (de) * 2015-11-13 2017-05-18 Andrea Keller Kontrollsystem
CN107341748A (zh) * 2017-07-17 2017-11-10 合肥左成传媒科技有限公司 一种学校用人员监察系统
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CN112102530A (zh) * 2020-11-09 2020-12-18 兰和科技（深圳）有限公司 一种校园物联网智能云锁管理系统
CN112349013A (zh) * 2019-08-09 2021-02-09 中移物联网有限公司 一种人脸识别设备及闸机门禁控制方法
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CN102982651A (zh) * 2012-12-07 2013-03-20 常州普适信息科技有限公司 幼儿园安全管理系统
US10713474B2 (en) 2015-03-27 2020-07-14 Bundesdrunkerei GmbH Person identification apparatus
CN106157393A (zh) * 2015-04-17 2016-11-23 浙江蓝洋电子科技有限公司 口岸车辆智能查验系统
CN106296879A (zh) * 2015-05-21 2017-01-04 杭州海康威视数字技术股份有限公司 基于无线探测的人流量获取的方法、装置和系统
CN106296879B (zh) * 2015-05-21 2018-07-17 杭州海康威视数字技术股份有限公司 基于无线探测的人流量获取的方法、装置和系统
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DE102015108330A1 (de) * 2015-05-27 2016-12-01 Bundesdruckerei Gmbh Elektronisches Zugangskontrollverfahren
US11531737B1 (en) 2015-07-30 2022-12-20 The Government of the United States of America, as represented by the Secretary of Homeland Security Biometric identity disambiguation
DE102015119677A1 (de) * 2015-11-13 2017-05-18 Andrea Keller Kontrollsystem
CN107341748A (zh) * 2017-07-17 2017-11-10 合肥左成传媒科技有限公司 一种学校用人员监察系统
WO2019147120A1 (fr) * 2018-01-23 2019-08-01 Datasonic Smart Solutions Sdn Bhd Procédé et système d'automatisation des procédures d'arrivée et de départ dans un terminal
US11127013B1 (en) 2018-10-05 2021-09-21 The Government of the United States of America, as represented by the Secretary of Homeland Security System and method for disambiguated biometric identification
US11392951B2 (en) 2018-10-05 2022-07-19 The Government of the United States of America, as represented by the Secretary of Homeland Security System and method of disambiguation in processes of biometric identification
CN112349013A (zh) * 2019-08-09 2021-02-09 中移物联网有限公司 一种人脸识别设备及闸机门禁控制方法
US11080955B2 (en) 2019-09-06 2021-08-03 Motorola Solutions, Inc. Device, system and method for controlling a passage barrier mechanism
CN111540108A (zh) * 2020-04-27 2020-08-14 广州海格通信集团股份有限公司 权限识别方法、装置、计算机设备和存储介质
CN111540108B (zh) * 2020-04-27 2022-07-15 广州海格通信集团股份有限公司 权限识别方法、装置、计算机设备和存储介质
CN112102530A (zh) * 2020-11-09 2020-12-18 兰和科技（深圳）有限公司 一种校园物联网智能云锁管理系统
CN112102530B (zh) * 2020-11-09 2021-02-19 兰和科技（深圳）有限公司 一种校园物联网智能云锁管理系统

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